语法填空
有提示词的解题技巧
一：谓语动词：
若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。
1. His fear of failure_______(keep) him from classroom games that other children played excitedly. kept
2. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, ______(close) my book and walked away. closed
3. Three people ____(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. .
were taken
4. She told him that she ________ (bring) him the water in ten minutes. would bring
二、非谓语动词
若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用现在分词、过去分词，还是不定式。非谓语动词的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系。
技巧一：作主语或宾语，通常用现在分词形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体的情况。
1. But it is not enough only_______________(memorize) rules from a grammar book.
解析：因it是形式主语，后面用不定式作真正的主语，故填to memorize。
2._____________(speak) out your feeling won’t make you feel ashamed.
解析：句中已有谓语won’t make，所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语，作主语，表示一般情况，要用动名词短语，故填Speaking。
技巧二：作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。
1. ______________ (complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
解析：因句中已有谓语will have to work，所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“(为了)按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式，故填To complete。
2. Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _______ (succeed).
解析：因在形容词likely后作状语，要用动词不定式，故填to succeed。
技巧三：作伴随状语，常用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词，与逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词。这样的题一般要特别注意空格前的逗号。
1. He saw the stone, ____________(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.”
解析：句中已有谓语saw，所给动词与saw不是并列关系，应当是非谓语动词；又因He与say是主动关系，故填saying作伴随状语。
2. The headmaster went into the lab, ______________ (follow) by the foreign guests.
解析：句中已有谓语went，而follow又不是与之并列的，故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系，故用过去分词作伴随状语。
3. There will be a meeting, ___________ (start) later this year to review the film.
解析：因a meeting与start是主动关系，用现在分词短语作定语，补充说明a meeting，故填starting。
4. Lessons _______________(learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. 解析：因句中已有谓语can help，所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn是被动关系，要用过去分词短语作定语，故填learned。
特别提醒
有时给出的动词可能既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词，而是要求词类转换。如：
But Jane knew from past experience that her __________ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
解析：括号中所给词choose虽然是动词，但在句中作主语，且在形容词性物主代词后，应当填choose的名词形式choice。
谓语动词与非谓语动词的比较练习：
1.He entered the room，__________(hold) a book in his hand. holding
He entered the room and _________(hold) a book in his hand. held
2.I politely refused her invitation and ___________(walk) away. walked
I politely refused her invitation，___________(walk) away. walking
3.A boy __________(call) Jack came here today. called
