中国海商法中英文对照.doc

Sea waybill 海运单V oyage C/P ( charter party ) 航次租船合同Single trip C/P 单航次租船合同Return trip C/P 往复（返）航次租船合同Consecutive single trip C/P 连续单航次租船合同Contract of affreightment , COA 包运合同，数量合同Multi-modal transport contract 多式联运合同Common carrier 公共承运人Private carrier 私人承运人Lines service schedule 船期表Booking note 托运单Booking 订舱Broker 经纪人Commission 佣金Form 租船格式Code name 代号（租船合同范本的专门代号）Make the ship seaworthy 使船舶适航Cargoworthy 适货Before and at the beginning of the voyage 开航前和开航当时V oyage 航次Due diligence 谨慎处理/克尽职责Latent defect 潜在缺陷Independent contractor 独立合同人The matter of fact 事实问题In the management of cargo 管理货物管货7环节：装载（load）、搬移（handle）、积载（stow）、运输（carry）、保管（keep）、照料（care for）、卸载（discharge）Properly and carefully 妥善和谨慎Unreasonable deviation 不合理绕航Reasonable deviation 合理绕航Freight prepaid 运费预付Freight collect 运费到付Dead freight 亏舱费Demurrage 滞期费Lien 留置权Negligence in the navigation of ship 航海过失（驾船过失）Negligence in the management of ship 管船过失Period of responsibility 责任期间Before and after clause 装前卸后条款Special Drawing Right S.D.R 特别提款权Delay in delivery 迟延交付Delivery of good 货物交付Bill of lading B/L 提单Evidence of the contract of carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输合同的证明Evidence of the taking over or loading of the goods by carrier 承运人接收或者装船的证明Remarks 批注Prima facie evidence 初步证据Conclusive evidence 最终证据In good faith 善意Undertakes to deliver the goods against surrendering the Bill of Loading 提单是承运人据以交付货物的保证Date of shipment 装船日期Shipped B/L 已装船提单Received for shipment B/L 收货待运提单Straight B/L 记名提单Blank B/L 不记名提单Order B/L 指示提单Special endorsement 记名背书Endorsement in blank 空白背书Clean B/L 清洁提单Foul B/L 不清洁提单Mate’s receipt 大副收据Anti-dated B/L 倒签提单Advanced B/L 预借提单Direct B/L 直达提单Transshipment clause 转运条款Transshipment B/L or Through B/L 转运提单Long form B/L 全式提单Short form B/L 简式提单Multimodel B/L 多式联运提单Electronic B/L 电子提单Electronic Data Interchange EDI 电子数据交换系统Paper document 纸质文件Private code 密码CMI Rule for Electronic Bills of Lading 国际海事委员会电子提单规则Definition clause 定义条款Merchant 货方Jurisdiction 管辖权Applicable law 法律适用Paramount clause 首要条款Carrier’s responsibility 承运人的责任Period of responsibility 责任期间Carriage of good 货物运输Packing and marks 包装和标志Freight and other charges 运费和其他费用Incorrect statement 错误申报Loading ，discharging and delivery 装货、卸货和交货Lighterage 驳船费Lien 留置权Notice of loss or damage，time bar 货物灭失或损坏通知、时效Amount of compensation 赔偿金额Dangerous good，contraband 危险品、违禁品Deck cargo，live animal 舱面货、活动物Cargo in container 集装箱货物Refrigerated goods 冷藏货物Timber 木材Iron and steel 铁和钢Bulk cargo，goods to more than one consignee 散装货、超过1个收货人的货物Heavy lifts and awkward cargo 重货和笨件Fumigation 熏蒸Optional cargo 选港货General average 共同海损New Jason clause 新杰森条款Both to blame collision clause 互有过失碰撞条款War，quarantine，ice，strikes，congestion，etc 战争、检疫、冰冻、罢工、港口拥挤等Local clause 地区条款Harter Act 哈特法Hague Rules 海牙规则1924 统一提单若干法律规定的国际公约Hague-Visby Rules 海牙-维斯比规则Estopple 禁止反供原则Hamburg Rules 汉堡规则Uniform General Charter 统一杂货租船合同金康The Baltic and International Maritime Conference BIMCO 波罗的海航运公会Baltime Berth Charter Party Steamer 巴尔的摩C式Australian Grain Charter Party 澳大利亚谷物租船合同Tanker V oyage Charter Party 油轮航次租船合同Fixture note 订租确认书Description of vessel 船舶状况说明条款Owners responsibility clause 船东条款Deviation clause 绕航条款Payment of freight 运费支付条款Loading/Discharging 装卸条款Demurrage/Despatch 滞期费速遣费条款Lien clause 留置条款Canceling clause 合同解除条款Bills of lading 提单条款Both to blame collision clause 互有过失碰撞条款General average and New Jason clause 共同海损和新杰森条款Brokerage commission clause 佣金条款General strike clause 罢工条款War risks clause 战争条款General ice clause 冰冻条款Law and arbitration clause 仲裁和法律适用条款Representation 说明或陈述Substituted vessel 替代船舶Warranty 负保证之责Misrepresentation 误述Preliminary voyage 预备航次Laycan（layday）受载期Expected ready to load 做好装货准备Canceling date 解约日Interpellation clause 质询条款Full and complete cargo 满仓满载货物Declaration 宣载Damage for short lift 短装损失Seaworthy trim 适航平衡Under the supervision of the master 船长负监管责任Laytime 装卸时间V oyage Charter Party Laytime Interpretation Rules 1993 1993年航次租船合同装卸时间解释规则装卸时间中英见p147-148航次租船合同所涉及其他中英见书本Performing carrier 执行承运人(雅典公约)Luggage 行李Cabin luggage 自带行李1957年10月统一海上旅客运输若干法律规定的国际公约未生效1961统一海上旅客运输若干规定的国际公约未生效1967 统一海上旅客行李运输的国际公约未生效Athen’s Convention 1974 海上旅客及其行李运输雅典公约1987年生效我国94年加入该公约1976年海事赔偿责任限制公约Time charter 定期租船合同Bareboat charter 光船租赁合同Lump sum freight 包干运费Subject to details/Sub-details 以细节确认为条件Subject to contract 以合同签订为条件Subject to satisfactory survey 以满意检验为条件Subject to government permission 以政府同意为条件Delivery of the ship 交船Employment and indemnify clause 雇佣及赔偿条款Withdraw of the ship 撤船Load 装货Stow 积载Trim 平舱Discharge 卸货Securing 牢固Supervision and responsibility of the captain 船长的监督与责任监督权利的规定Frustration 合同受阻Non-lien clause 无留置条款光船租赁中的条款Free from all encumbrance and any other debts whatsoever 无任何负担及其他任何性质的债务Lump sum 承包型（海上拖航）Daily sum 日租型1910年船舶碰撞公约The Lisbon Rules 1987里斯本规则（碰撞事故损害赔偿规则）1972（1910）国际海上避碰规则（技术性法律）1952船舶碰撞民事管辖权方面若干规定的国际公约1952统一船舶碰撞或其他航行事故中的刑事管辖权方面若干规定的国际公约Ordinary skill and care 通常的技术和谨慎1995关于审理船舶碰撞和触碰案件财产损害赔偿的规定（中国）Restitution to the previous condition 恢复原状原则Total loss 全损Partial loss 部分损失Actual total loss 实际全损Constructive total loss 推定全损International Labour convention 国际劳动公约Compensation for Damages in Collision Cases 船舶碰撞案件的损害赔偿规则Pure salvage 纯粹救助Contract salvage 合同救助No Cure，NO Pay 无效果无报酬1910年救助公约，关于统一海难救助某些法律规定的公约1989年国际救助公约（增加了有关防止和减少环境损害方面救助的规定），1993年我国加入Special compensation 特别补偿General average 共同海损约克安特卫普规则前后6个规则并存使用民间规则共同海损理算Lettered rules 字母规则Numbered rules 数字规则Makis agreement 马基斯协议数字规则优先适用北京理算规则General average sacrifice 共同海损牺牲（船舶、货物、运费）General average expenditure 共同海损费用V oluntary stranding 有意搁浅Particular average 单独海损Cash G.A. Deposit 由货方提供的共同海损保证金Letter of G.A. Guarantee 由货物保险人提供的共同海损担保函G.A. Undertaking 由货物提供经货物保险人签署的共同海损分摊保证书G.A. Bond 由船货双方签署的共同海损协议书Non-Separation Agreement 船货双方签署的不分离协议Limitation of liability for maritime claims 海事赔偿责任限制1976海事赔偿责任限制公约Global limitation 总的责任限制，适用于某个特定事故或某一具体航次引起的各种合同之债和侵权之债。

一、名词1、海商法：是指调整海上运输关系和船舶经营关系的法律规范的总和。

2、船舶：海船和其他海上移动式装置。

但是，用于军事的，政府公务的船舶和20总吨以下的小型船舶除外。

3、船舶国籍：是指船舶所有人按照某一国家的船舶登记规定在该国进行登记，取得国籍证书，并悬挂该国规定的旗帜而受该国管辖的法律隶属关系。

4、船舶所有权：是指船舶所有人依法对其船舶享有的占有、使用、收益和处分的权利。

5、船舶抵押权：是指抵押权人对于抵押人提供的作为债务担保的船舶，在抵押人不履行债务时，可以依法拍卖（折价和变卖也可以），从卖得价款中优先受偿的权利6、船舶优先权：是指海事请求人依照法律规定的范围，向船舶所有人、光船承租人、船舶经营人提出海事请求，对产生该海事请求的船舶有优先受偿的权利。

7、海上货物运输合同：是指承运人收取运费，负责将托运人托运的货物经海路由一港运至另一港的合同8、承运人：是指在海上货物运输中，由本人或者以本人名义与托运人订立海上货物运输合同的人（具体来讲，承运人在班轮运输中可以是船舶的所有人、船舶经营人或者船舶承租人）9、实际承运人：是指接受承运人的委托，从事相应货物的全部运输或者部分运输的人，包括接受转委托从事此项运输的其他人。

10、托运人：是指本人或者委托他人以其本人名义或者委托他人代表本人与承运人订立海上货物运输合同或者将货物实际提交给承运人的人。

11、迟延交付：是指货物未能在明确约定的时间内，在约定的卸货港交付。

12、承运人赔偿限额：就是指承运人对货物的灭失和损坏，承担赔偿责任时，依法予以赔偿的最大限额13、提单：用以证明海上货物运输合同和货物已经由承运人接受或装船，以及承运人保证据以交付货物的单证。

14、记名提单：是指由托运人在提单下面的收货人一栏内填写特定收货人的提单。

15、指示提单：是指提单下面的收货人一栏内写明“凭指示”或者“凭某人指示”字样的提单16、不记名提单：是指提单正面的收货人一栏没有填写具体的收货人或者指示人，一般只注明“持有人”或交与“持有人”字样的提单。

Maritime Code of the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国海商法Promulgating Institution: Standing Committee of the National People's CongressDocument Number: Order No. 64 of the President of the People's Republic of ChinaPromulgating Date: 11/07/1992Effective Date: 07/01/1993Validity Status: V alid颁布机关: 全国人民代表大会常务委员会文号: 中华人民共和国主席令第六十四号颁布时间: 11/07/1992实施时间: 07/01/1993效力状态: 有效Text正文Order of the President of the People's Republic of ChinaNo.64The Maritime Code of the People's Republic of China, adopted at the 28th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on November 7, 1992, is hereby promulgated and shall enter into force as of July 1, 1993.Yang ShangkunPresident of the People's Republic of ChinaNovember 7, 1992中华人民共和国主席令第六十四号《中华人民共和国海商法》已由中华人民共和国第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十八次会议于1992年11月7日通过，现予公布，自1993年7月1日起施行。

海商法第一章绪论一海商法的概念海商法是调整特定的海上运输关系和船舶关系的法律规范的总称。

二海商法的调整对象(一)海上运输中发生的特定社会关系1 有关海上运输的合同关系如提单合同，租船合同，拖航合同，旅客运输合同，救助合同，保险合同等2因海上侵权产生的法律关系如船舶碰撞引起的肇事方与受害方之间的损害赔偿关系，船舶污染海洋坏境引起的损害赔偿关系3 因海上特殊风险产生的法律关系如共同海损中有关当事人之间的分摊与补偿关系海事赔偿责任限制中的船舶所有人与各债权人之间的关系(二)与船舶有关的特定社会关系1 船舶的概念CMC 第三条本法所称船舶，是指海船和其他海上移动式装置，但是用于军事的、政府公务的船舶和２０总吨以下的小型船艇除外。

•前款所称船舶，包括船舶属具。

•（船舶属具：如锚，锚链，救生艇，索具tackle等还包括船上设备，如驾驶台设备，医疗器具，厨房用具）构成海商法上的船舶，必须具备以下条件：•（1）必须是位于海上的，即是海船•（2）必须是用于水上航行的，即是海上移动式装置•海上移动式装置：指具有自航能力的可在海上移动的装置，如用于海上油气勘探开发的自航式海上钻井平台。

不包括固定式钻井平台和不能航行但浮在水上的灯船和桥船。

•（3）船舶必须用于商业目的•商业目的：运输船，海洋开发船，渔船•非商业目的：军舰，公务船（检疫船，缉私船）•（4）必须在20总吨以上•因为20总吨以下的船舶属于小船，不能载重远航，事实上不具有从事海上运输或其他海商行为的能力。

2 船舶的法律性质Characteristics of ship（1）.船舶是物，但有时做拟人处理。

• A. 船舶有名称•如：泰坦尼克号，五月花•船名确定并登记后不得任意改动• B.船舶有国籍，无国籍或不悬挂任何国籍的船舶不得在海上航行• C.船舶有住所，即船籍港，船舶登记的港口就是其船籍港，若涉及诉讼可以此决定管辖权问题• D.船舶有船龄，船龄表明船舶建造完毕的日期和投入航运的时间，从船龄可以判断船舶的实际价值• E.在对物诉讼中，船舶是诉讼主体（2）. 船舶是动产，但有时做不动产处理。

国际货运代理相关名词中英文对照表1．Absolute Offer 绝对发盘2．Acceptance 接受3．Acceptance Credit 承兑信用证4．Accepting Bank 承兑行5．access control 访问控制6．Accountee 账户人7．Acknowledgement of Insurance Declaration 投保回执8．actual gross weight 实际毛重9．actual total loss(atl／ATL) 实际全损10．Addendum Clause 补遣条款11．additional cargo list 加载清单12．Additional Clause 附加条款13．additional duty(Addu) 追加关税14．additional expenses-war risk 海运战争的附加费用险15．Advance Ship Notice(ASN) 提前装船通知16．Advanced B／L 预借提单17．advances 预垫款18．advertising 广告19．Advice of Clean Bill for Collection 光票托收委托书20．Advising Bank 通知行21．Aerodrome of Entry(AOE) 报关机场22．aflatoxin 黄曲霉素险23．agency on long-term basis 长期代理24．agency on trip basis 航次代理25．Agreement 协议26．air courier 航空快递27．air transportation all risks 航空运输一切险28．air transportation cargo insurance 航空运输保险29．air transportation cargo war risks-by train 航空运输货物战争险—附加险30．air transportation risks 航空运输险31．Air Waybill(AW) 货运单费32．Airline Code Number 航空公司的数字代号33．airport of departure 始发站机场34．airport of destination 目的地机场35．all purposes 装卸共用时间36．all risks 一切险37．all risks for frozen products 冷藏一切险38．all time saved 节省全部时间39．all working time saved 节省全部工作时间40．Alteration of Discharging Port Additional 变更卸货港附加费41．Amendment Clause 更正条款42．American Express International(AEI) 美国国际捷运公司43．Americanized Walsh Coal Charter 美国威尔士煤炭合同44．Animal Container(AC) 动物容器租费45．Anti-dated B／L 倒签提单46．Anticipatory Credit 预支信用证(同红条款信用证)47．Anti-Trust Laws 反托拉斯法48．Applicant 开证申请人49．application for insurance 投保单50．Application for L／C Issuing开证申请书51．Application Of L／C 信用证申请书52．applied research 应用研究53．arbitration clause 仲裁条款54．architecture of integrated information systems(ARIS) 集成信息系统框架55．Arrangement 安排、协议、约定56．Assembly Service Fee(AS) 集中货物服务费57．Assignable 可让渡58．at the reachable berth 在可抵达的泊位交船59．atmosphere 气氛60．Attachment of Document 附属单据61．Attendant(AT) 押运员服务费62．Attention，Interest，Desire，Action(AIDA) 注意、兴趣、愿望、行动(促销概念) 63．augmented product 扩展产品64．Australia Grain Charter Party 澳大利亚谷物租船合同65．authentication 身份验证66．Authenticity 信用证的真实性67．Automatic Consecutive(ACEP) 自动连续补货计划68．Automatic Revolving 自动循环69．automatic vending 自动售货70．average laytime 装卸时间平均计算71．baby boomer 生育高峰期出生的人72．back order(BO) 待发货订单73．Back-To-Back Credit 背对背信用证74．Baggage Shipped As Cargo 作为货物运送的行李75．bait pricing 诱饵定价76．Baltic and International Maritime Council(BIMCO) 波罗的海国际海事协会77．Baltic International Freight Futures Exchange(BIFFEX) 波罗的海国际运价期货交易所78．bank guarantee or deposit银行担保或担保金79．Bank Release(BR) 银行放行80．banker’s drafts 银行汇票81．Banker’s Invoice 银行发票82．barcode 条形码83．bare-boat charter／demise charter 光船租船84．barratry of master and mariner 船长船员的不法行为85．Base Freight Rate 基本运价86．Base Port 基本港87．basic research 基础研究88．basing-paint pricing 基点定价89．being irrevocable 不能撤回或收回90．benchmarking 标杆法、基准尺91．Beneficiary 受益人92．Beneficiary’s Certificate 受益人证明93．Beneficiary’s Statement／Beneficiary’s Certificate 寄单声明或寄单证明94．benefit segmentation 利益细分95．Berth Grain Charter Party 谷物泊位运输租船合同96．berth terms 泊位条款97．best practices 最佳实施、做法98．bill of entry(B／E) 报关单99．Bill of Exchange or Draft 汇票100．bill of lading(B／L) 提货单101．Bill of Lading Clause 提单条款102．bills payable(B／P) 应付票据103．bills receivable(B／R) 应收票据104．B／L Weight 提单货量105．blanket policy 总括保险单106．blinder cover note 暂保单107．boat note 过驳清单108．booking 订舱109．booking note(B／N) 托运单110．both parties9’broker 双方当事人经纪人111．both-to-blame collision clause 互有责任碰撞条款112．box rate 包箱费率113．brainstorming 头脑风暴法114．brand 品牌115．brand loyalty 品牌忠诚度116．brand mark 品牌标记117．Brand Quality Monitoring 品牌质量监督118．Break Bulk Agent 分拨代理商119．breakage 破碎120．breakage of parking 包装破裂险121．Broad-body Aircraft 宽体飞机122．broken & damaged cargo list 货物残损单123．Bulk Container 散装集装箱12A．Bulletin Board System 电子公告牌125．Bunker Adjustment Factor(DAF) 燃油附加费126．bunker Clause 燃料条款127．Bunk Surcharge(BS) 燃油附加费128．business analysis 商业分析129．business marketing 产业营销130．business process 业务流程131．business process engineering(BPE) 业务流程工程化132．business process improvement(BPI) 业务流程改进133．business process reengineering(DPR) 业务流程重组134．business service 产业服务135．Business to Administration(B2A) 商业机构对行政机构的电子商务136．Business to Business(B2B) 商业机构对商业机构的电子商务137．Business to Consumer(B2C) 商业机构对消费者的电子商务138．buyer for export 出口购买商139．buying center 购买中心140．Buying Offer 购货发盘141．canceled cargo list 取消货载清单142．Canceling Clause 合同解除条款143．canceling date 解约日144．canceled to order(Cto) 被取消订单145．capsized 倾覆146．Captain Receipt 船长收据147．Car container 汽车集装箱148．Cargo Accounts Settlement System(CASS) 货物财务结算系统149．cargo charges correction advice(CCA) 运费更改通知书150．cargo error 货差151：cargo list 货单152．cargo manifest 舱单153．cargo plan 计划积载图154．Cargo Receipt(C／R) 承运货物收据155．cargo tracer 货物查询单156．cargo transfer manifest(CTM) 转运舱单157．cargo’s Proportion General Average(CGA) 共同海损货方分摊比例158．Carriage and Insurance paid To(CIP) 运费、保险费付至159．Carriage of goods by chartering 租船运输160．carriage paid(Carr．pd．) 运费付讫161．Carriage paid(CP) 运费已付162．Carriage Paid To(CPT) 运费付至163．carrier’s execution Box 承运人填写栏164．cash account(ca) 现金交易165．cash against document(CAD) 凭单据付款166．Cash Credit 现金信用证167．Cash Discount 现金折扣168．cash on delivery(COD) 现款交货169．cash on delivery service(CDS) 货到付款业务170．cash on receipt of merchandise(CRM) 收货后付款171．cash with order(CWO) 订货时付款172．Certificate Authority(CA) 证书管理机构173．Certificate Invoice 证实发票174．Certificate of Sample 寄样证明175．Certificate of Value 价值证明176．cesser clause 责任终止条款177．cesser clause and lien clause 责任终止及留置权条款178．Certificate of Burial 入殓证明书179．CETIFICATE OF ORIGIN 一般原产地证明书180．CFS TO CY 站到场181．CFS TO DOOR 站到门182．Chamber of Shipping Walsh Coal Charter Party 威尔士煤炭租船合同183．Change of contract(COC) 合同的更改184．Change of voyage 航程变更条款185．Charge collect fee(FC) 运费到付手续费186．charge／rate 费率187．charge paid(cge．Pd．) 运费已付188．chargeable weight 计费重量189．charges at destination 在目的站的费用190．Charges Collect Fee(CC Fee) 运费到付货物手续费191．Charges For Shipments Of Dangerous Goods-Handling 危险品处理费192．charges in destination currency 用目的站国家货币付费193．charter party 租船合同194．Charter Party Laytime Definition 1980 1980年租船合同装卸时间定义195．charter period 租期196．charterer 托运人／承运人197．chartering broker 租船经纪人198．chartering market 租船市场199．charting procedure／chartering process 租船程序200．Chief Logistics Officer(CLO) 物流主管201．chief mate 船上大副202．Chilled Cargo 冷却货物203．China Container Freight Index(CCFI) 中国出口集装箱运价指数204．China Ocean Shipping Company(COSCO) 中国远洋运输公司205．clashing 碰损206．Class Cargo Rate(CCR) 等级货物运价207．classification of vessel 船舶分级208．Clean B／L 清洁提单209．Clean Collection 光票托收210．clean receipt 清洁收货单211．Closed Conference 闭锁公会212．closed policy 总括保险单213．closing date 截止签发装货日214．Coal Voyage Charter 普尔煤炭航次租船合同215．cobranding 合作品牌216．Code Maritime International(CMA) 国际海商法217．code of ethics 伦理规范218．Collecting Bank 代收银行219．Collection 托收220．Collision 互撞221．Combination of Rates and Charges 分段相加运价222．combined clause 联合凭证223．Combined Transport(B／L) 集装箱联运提单224．combined transport bill of lading(COMBIBILL) 联合运输提单225．combined transport document(COMBIDOC) 联合运输单据226．combined transportation 多式联运227．Commercial Document 商业单据228．Commercial Invoice 商业发票229．commercialization 商品化230．Commission Clause，etc．佣金条款等231．Committee Maritime International 国际海事委员会232．Commodity Classification Rate 等级货物运价233，Common Customs Tariff(CCT) 共同关税率234．communication 沟通235．compensation trade(CT) 补偿贸易236．competitive advantage 竞争优势237．Competitive Intelligence(CI) 竞争情报238．computer integrated manufacturing system(CIMS) 计算机集成制造系统239．computer-support cooperative work(CSCW) 计算机支持的协同工作240．Concentrated Marketing Strategy 集中性营销策略241．concentrated targeting strategy 集中性选择目标市场策略242．conclusion of charter party 签约243．Conclusive Evidence 绝对证据244．Conditional Firm Offer 条件发盘245．Confirmation 确认书246．Confirmed Credit 保兑信用证Z47．Confirming Bank 保兑行248．Consecutive Voyage Charter 连续航次租船249．Consignee 收货人／收件人250．Consignor 债权人／发件人251．consolidated cargo 集拼货物252．Consolidation 集拼253．Consolidator 集中托运商254．constant 船舶常数255．Construction Rate 比例运价256．constructive total loss(CTL) 推定全损257．Consular Invoice 领事发票258．consumer product(industrial product) 产业用品(工业品) 259．Consumer to Administration(C2A) 消费者对行政机构的电子商务260．Container 集装箱261．Container forklift 集装箱叉车262．Container Freight Station(CFS) 集装箱货运站263．Container Load Plan(CLP) 集装箱装箱单264．contamination 沾污265．contingency Insurance-cover sellers interest only 卖方利益险266．continuous process improvement model 持续式流程改进模式267．Continuous Replenishment(CR) 连续补充268．Contract 合同269．Contractual Cargo 契约货物270．contract definition phase(CDP) 合同确定阶段271．contract logistic 契约后勤272．contract manufacturing 合同生产273．contract of Affreightment(COA) 包运租船274．Convention on the Contract for the International Carriage of Goods by Road(CMR) 国际公路货物运输合同公约275．Conventional Container Ship 集装箱两用船276．coordinated supply chain 协调供应链277．Cost and Freight(CFR) 成本加运费278．cost per contact 单位接触成本279．Cost plus fixed fee(CPFF) 成本加固定费用价格280．Cost，Insurance and Freight(CIF) 成本、保险费加运费(到岸价)281．cost，insurance，freight and commission(CIF&C) 佣金在内的到岸价282．cost，insurance，freight and exchange(CIF&E) 汇费在内的到岸价283．Counter Credit 对开信用证284．counter offer 还盘285．counter trade 对等贸易286．counterfoil 留底287．Counter-offer 还盘288．Courier on Board 专人派送289．Covering all marine Risks 海上一切险290．Covering customary Risks 惯常险别291．Covering Eventual Risks 可能发生的风险292．Cozening Fee 洗舱附加费293．crisis management 危机管理294．Cuba Sugar Charter Party 古巴食糖租船合同295．Cumulative Revolving 累计性循环296．currency adjustment factor(CAF) 币值调整因素／货币附加费297．currency conversion rate 货币兑换比价298．currency of payment(COP) 支付货币299．customary risks 惯常险300．customer behavior 消费者行为301．customer decision-making process 消费者决策过程302．customer relationship management(CRM) 客户关系管理303．customer satisfaction 顾客满意304．customer service and support(CSS) 客户服务与支持305．customer value 顾客价值306．Customers Assigned Number(CAN) 海关指定号码307．customs and excise(CE) 海关与税务308．Customs House(CH) 海关309．Customs invoice(Cust．／Inv．) 海关发票310．CY TO CFS 场到站311．CY TO CY 场到场312．CY TO DOOR 场到门313．D／P at sight 即期付款交单314．DIP at XX days after sight 远期付款315．Damage 破损316．damage caused by sweating & heating 受潮受热险317．Damage for detention 延期损害318．damage to Cargo 货损319．dangerous cargo 危险货物320．dangerous cargo safe stowage certificate 危险货物安全装载书321．dangerous goods(DGR) 危险物品322．Dangerous goods Surcharge(RA) 危险品处理费323．database 数据库技术324．database marketing 数据库营销325．dead freight 亏舱费326．Deadweight Tonnage／deadweight capacity 载重吨／载货能力327．Death Certificate 死亡证明书328．decision support system(DSS) 决策支持系统329．Declaration 声明事项330．declaration of cargo 宣载331．declared value for carriage 供运输用的声明价值332．declared value for customs 供海关用的声明价值333．deductibles 绝对免赔率334．Deferred Payment Credit 延期付款信用证335，Deleted Clause 删除条款336．deliver 发运337．Deliver Notice 提货通知338．Delivered At Frontier 边境交货339．Delivered Duty Paid(DDP) 完税后交货340．Delivered Duty Unpaid(DDU) 未完税交货341．Delivered Ex Quay(DEQ) 目的港码头交货342．Delivered Ex Ship 目的港船上交货343．delivery 交船344．Delivery Order(D／O) 提货单345．Delivery Quantity 卸货数量346．demand 需求347．demand chain 需求链348．demographic segmentation 人口细分349．Demurrage and Dispatch Money Clause 滞期费与速遣费条款350．demurrage time 滞期时间351．Demurrage money 滞期费352．demurrage runs continuously 滞期时间连续计算353．Description 商品说明354．Description of Vessel Clause 船舶说明条款355．Destination Delivery Charge(DDC) 目的地运送费用356．Detailed Invoice 详细发票357．deviation clause(DC) 变更航线条款358．Deviation Surcharge 绕航附加费359．differential advantage 差异化优势360．Differentiated Marketing Strategy 差异型营销策略361．Direct Additional 直航附加费362．Direct B／L 直达提单363．direct cargo 直接运输364．direct channel 直接渠道365．direct marketing 直接营销366．direct retailing 直接销售367．Disbursements and Disbursements Fees 垫付款和垫付费368．Disbursement fee(DB) 代垫付款手续费369．Discount 折扣370．discount store 折扣商店371．dispatch money 速遣费372．dispatch time 速遣时间373．distribution requirement planning 分销需求计划374．Distribution Resource Planning(DRP) 分销资源计划375．Distribution Service 分发服务费376．Divisible 可分开377．Dock Receipt(D／R) 集装箱场站收据378．Document of Title 提货凭证379．Documentary Collection 跟单托收380．Documentary Credit 跟单信用证381．Documentation Charges 货运单费382．documentation to accompany air waybill 货运单所附文件383．Documents against Acceptance(D／A) 承兑交单384．Documents against Payment(D／P) 付款交单385．domestic exchange(DOM EX) 国内兑换386．domestic transport(DOM DR) 国内运输387．Door to Airport 门到机场服务388．Door to CFS 门到站交接389．Door to CY 门到场交接390．Door to Door 门对门交接391．Draft Bill of Exchange 汇票392．Drawn Clause 出票条款393．drop off pilot(DOP) 引航员离船地点394．Dry Cargo Container 干货集装箱395．dual distribution(multiple distribution) 双重流通(多重流通)396．duly endorsed 正确的背书397．dumping 倾销398．e-mail survey 电子邮件调查399．early redelivery 提前还船400．Earthquake 地震401．EDI For Administration Commerce and Transport 电子数据交换系列标准402．elastic demand 富有弹性的需求403．Electronic Commerce(EC) 电子商务404．Electronic Data Interchange(EDI) 电子数据交换405．electronic distribution 电子分销406．Electronic Funds Transfer(EFT) 电子基金转账407．electronic ordering system(EOS) 电子订货系统408．empowerment 授权409．empty return system(ERS) 空箱运回费410．endorsement 批单411．enterprise resource planning(ERP) 企业资源计划412．entrusting order for export goods 出口货运代理委托书413．environmental scanning 环境搜索414．Equipment Interchange Receipt(EIR) 设备交接单415．Escalation Clause 自动递增条款416．estimated maximum loss(E．M．L．) 估计最大损失417．estimated time of arrival(ETA) 预计到达时间418．evaluation 评估419．event condition action(ECA) 事件条件活动420．event-driven process chains(EPCs) 事件驱动的流程链模型421．everyday low prices(EDLP) 每日低价422．Evidence of the Contract of Carried货物运输合同的证明423．Ex Dock 目的港码头交货424．Ex Point of Origin 原产地交货425．Ex Works(EXW) 工厂交货426．exchange rate mechanism(ERM) 汇率机制427．exclusive distribution 独家分销428．executed on(date) 填开日期429．expected time of commencement(ETCL) 预计开始装货时间430．experience curves 经验曲线431．explosion 爆炸432．export agent 出口代理433．export broker 出口经纪人434．export cargo nil 无货出口435，Export Contract 出口合同436．export licensing regulation(ELR) 出口许可证条例437．export M／F 出口载货清单438．extraneous risks 外来风险439．failure of deliver 交货不到险440．feedback 反馈441．fill rate 供应比率442．Final Destination 目的地443．final voyage 最后一个航次444．Financial Document 金融单据445．Fire 火灾446．fire risk extension clause for storage of cargo at destination of Hong Kong，including Kowloon or Macao(FREC) 出口货物到香港、九龙或澳门存仓扩展条例447．Firm Offer 实盘448．First Come，First Serve 先复先交易449．fixed cost 固定成本450．fixture note 确认备忘录451．Floating Container 浮动集装箱452．floating policy 流动保险单453．Flood 洪水454．follow-up 后续工作455．foreign direct investment 外国直接投资456．FORM A 普惠制原产地证明书(格式A)457．For carrier’s use only at destination 仅供承运人在目的站使用458．For Transportation of Chemicals in Tank Vessels 化学品船航次租船合同459．fortuitous accident 意外事故460．forward delivery 远期交货461．Forwarder B／L 货运代理提单462．foul receipt 不清洁收货单463．Found AWD(FDAW) 多收货运单464．Found Cargo(FDCA) 多收货物465．Fractionable 可分割466．franchise 相对免赔率467．franchise outlet 特许经营商店468．free from of general average(F．C．A．) 共同海损不赔469．free on board(FOB) 离岸价格470．free on plane(FOP) 飞机上交货价471．free on quay(FOQ) 码头交货价472．free on rail(FOR) 火车站交货价473．freight all kinds(FAK) 均一费率474．freight and demurrage(F&D) 运费加滞费475．freight basis 计费标准476．freight is reduced in proportion 运费应按比例扣除477．freight list(F／L) 运价表478．Freight to be discount less and non-returnable，ship and／or cargo lost or not lost 不论船货是否损失，运费概不退还479．Freight Ton(FT) 运费吨480．freight traffic manager(FTM) 货运经纪人481．Free Along Side 在运输工具旁边交货482．Free Alongside Ship(FAS) 装运港船边交货483．Free Carrier(FCA) 货交承运人484．free from particular average(FPA) 平安险485．Free In(FI) 舱内收货条款486．Free In and Out(FIO) 舱内收交货条款487．Free In and Out，Stowed and Trimmed(FIOST) 舱内收交货和堆舱、平舱条款488．Free on Board 运输工具上交货489．Free on Board(FOB) 装运港船上交货490．Free Out(FO) 舱内交货条款491．freight 运费492．Freight collect／Freight to be collected 运费到付493．freight manifest 载货运费清单494．freight on non-delivered quantity 未装船货物的运费495．Freight paid 运费已付496．Freight prepaid 运费预付497．freight rate 运价498．fresh & rain water damage 淡水雨淋499．fresh water &／or rain damage(F．W．R．D．) 淡水雨淋险500．Front-handling mobile crane 正面吊501．Frozen Cargo 冷冻货物502．frustration clause 航程挫折条款503．full and complete cargo 满载货物504．Full Container Ship全集装箱船505．Full set B／L ／complete set B／L全套提单506．functional process improvement 功能流程改进507．GASVOY 气体航次租船合同508．general additional risk 一般附加险509．general average(GA) 共同海损510．general average and New Jason clause 共同海损和新杰森条款511．General Average Clause 共同海损条款512．general average contribution 共同海损分摊513．General Cargo Bate(GCR) 普通货物运价514．general inquiry 一般询盘515．general rate increase(GRI) 正常运费普调516．generalized System of Preferences Certificate of Origin Form A 普惠制产地证517．geographic segmentation 市场细分518．Giving of Value 付对价519．Hand-Written Clause 手写条款520．global marketing 全球营销521．global marketing standardization 全球营销标准化522．global positioning system(GPS) 全球定位系统523．global vision 全球观念524．governmental Order Rate 协议运费525．Government tax(GT) 政府捐税526．Greenwich Mean Time(GMT) 格林威治时间527．gross load and discharge，or gross load，or gross discharge 总装卸费，总装货费，总卸货费条款528．Gross Registered Tonnage(GRT) 总登记吨529．gross terms 总承兑条款530．Grounding 搁浅531．handling information 处理事项532．head charter party 原合同533．heavy and lengthy cargo list 重大件清单534．Heavy Lift Additional 超重附加费535．Heavy weather 恶劣气候536．home booking 卸货地订舱537．hook damage 钩损538．House Air Way Bill 航空分运单539．Human remains(HR) 尸体、骨灰附加费540．Ice Clause 冰冻条款541．immediate transportation entry(ITE) 途中报关手续542．implementation 实施543．Import／Export License 进／出口许可证544．import cargo nil 无货进口545．import certificates and delivery verifications system(ICDV) 进口证书与交货检验制度546．Import Contract 进口合同547．import duty risk 进口关税险548．import M／F 进口载货清单549．in dispute 在争论中550．Indemnity 赔偿条款551．initial seaworthy 最初适航552．inquiry 询盘553．inseparability 不可分割性554．Inspecting Certificate 出入境检验检疫证书555．Inspection certificate for damage & shortage 货物残损检验书556．institute cargo clauses A(ICC A) 协会货物A557．institute cargo clauses B(ICC B) 协会货物B558．institute cargo clauses C(ICC C) 协会货物C559．institute strikes clauses-cargo 协会罢工险条款(货物)560．institute war clause-cargo 协会战争险条款561．insurance amount requested 保险金额562．insurance certificate 保险凭证563．Insurance Declaration 投保声明564．Insurance Policy 保险单565．Insurance Premium(IN) 代办保险服务费566．intake Quantity 装货数量567．integrated marketing communications(IMC) 整合营销沟通568．integrity 信息完整性569．intensive distribution 密集分销570．inter bank transfers 银行转账单571．Interior Point Intermodal(IPI) 内陆公共点多式联运572．intermediate clause／in nominate clause 中间性条款573．Intermodal B／L；Multimodal Transport B／L 多式联运单574．International Air Transport Association(IATA) 国际航空运输协会575．International Chamber of Shipping(ICS) 国际航运公会576．International Civil Aviation Organization(ICAO) 国际民用航空组织577．International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules Relating to Bills of Lading／Hague Rules 《统一关于提单若干法律规定的国际公约》亦称《海牙规则》578．international customs transit(ICT) 国际保税运送579．international logistics(IL) 国际物流580．International Maritime Arbitration Rules(IMAR) 国际海事仲裁规则581．International Navigation Transportation Organization(INTO) 国际航运组织582．International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms(INCOTERMS) 国际贸易术语解释通则583．International Standard Banking Practice 国际标准银行惯例584．International Standard Organization(ISO) 国际标准化组织585．interpersonal communication 人际沟通586，INTERTANKERVOY 油船航次租船合同587．Intranet 局域网／企业内部网588．inventory control system 存货控制系统589．Invitation to Offer 邀请发盘590．invoice 商业发票591．IRP-Notice of non-delivery 无法交付货物通知书592．irrespective of percentage 不计免赔串593．Irrevocable Credit 不可撤销信用证594．Issuing Bank 开证行595．Itinerary Certificate 航程证明596．jettison 投弃597．joint venture 合资企业598．just in time 及时599．just-in-time inventory management 零库存管理600．keystoning 成本加倍定价601．laydays 受载期602．laytime allowed 允许使用时间603．laytime used 实际使用时间604．Law Clause 法律条款605．leakage 渗漏606．1ess expenses saved on the part of the ship owner 减占船舶所有人方面节省的费用607．less specific description 泛指品名608．less-than-truckload(LCL) 零担货运费609．less than a container load(LCL) 未满载集装箱610．letter of Credit(L／C) 信用证611．Letter of subrogation 权益转让书612．liberty clause 自由条款613．liberty to deviate clause 绕航自由条款614．licensing 许可615．lien and Exception Clause 留置权与免责条款616．Lien Clause 留置权条款617．Lighting 雷电618．Liner Conference 班轮公会619．Liner schedule 船期表620．Liner shipping 班轮运输621．liner terms 班轮条款622．Live Animals(LA) 动物处理费623．Live Animal Regulations(LAR) 《活动物规则》624．Loading List 装货清单625．Loading and Discharge Clause 装卸条款626．Loading／Discharging ports or Places 装卸港口或地点627．logistics 物流628．logistics management物流管理629．logistic resource planning(LRP) 物流资源计划630．long Length Additional 超长附加费631．loss 损失632．Lost caused by Fire 烧损633．lower deck 下舱634．Lump-Sum Freight 包干运费635．Maastricht Treaty 《马斯特里赫特条约》636．Mail Transfer(M／T) 信汇637．main deck 主舱638．make 生产639．malicious damage clauses 恶意损害险条款640．mall intercept interview 商场现场采访641．Manifest(M／F) 载货清单642．Manufactures Invoice 厂商发票643．manufacturing requirement planning(MRPⅡ) 制造资源计划644．market efficiency 营销高效性645．market opportunity analysis 市场机会分析646．market share 市场份额647．marketing channel(channel of distribution) 营销渠道(分销渠道) 648．marketing concept 营销观念649．marketing intelligence 营销情报650．marketing mix 营销组合651．marketing research 营销调查652．marketing strategy 营销策略653．Maslow’s hierarchy of needs 马斯洛需求层次论654．Master Air Way Bill 航空主运单655．Mate’Receipt 收货单656．Mate’s Receipt 收货单657．Material Requirement Planning(MRP) 物料需求计划658．material-handling system 原料处理系统659．measurement 如何评估效果660．media 应使用什么媒体661．Memorandum 备忘录662．message 应传送的信息663．Miniland Bridge(MLB) 小陆桥运输664．minimum charge 最低运费665．Minimum Rate／minimum Bill of Lading 起码运费666．Miscellaneous-Due Agent(MA) 代理人收取的杂项费用667．Miscellaneous-Due Carrier(MZ) 承运人收取的杂项费用668．Mislabeled Cargo 贴错标签货物669．mislanded 误卸670．mispresentation 误述671．Missing AWB(MSAW) 少收货运单672．Missing Cargo(MSCA) 少收货物673．Missing label 标签脱落674．mission 广告的目标675．mixed consignments 混运货物运价676．mixed policy 混合保险单677．Mixture 混票678．Modal Law On Electronic Commerce 《电子商务示范法》679．modified rebuy 修正重购680．Modified Uniform Liability 修正的统一责任制681．money 有多少预算可以开支682．more specific description 确指品名683．multi-modal transportation／inter modal transportation 多式联运684．multinational corporation 跨国公司685．multisegment targeting strategy 选择多个细分市场策略686．Name of Commodity商品名称687．Name of the Carrier 承运人名称688．Name of the Receiver收货人名称689．Name of the Shipper 托运人名称690．Name of the Vessel 船名691．Named Vessel 指定船舶692．Narrow-body Aircraft 窄体q机693．National Council of Logistics Management 全美物流管理协会694．Nationality of Vessel 船籍695．Natural calamities 自然灾害696．nature and quantity of goods(incl．dimensions or volume) 货物的品名及数量697．needs assessment 需求评估698．negligence clause 疏忽条款699．negotiable order of withdrawal(NOW) 可转让提款指令700．Negotiating Bank 议付行701．negotiation 谈判702．Negotiation Credit 议付信用证703．Net Registered Tonnage(NRT) 净登记吨704．Network liability 网状责任制705．networking 网络化706．Neutral Invoice 中性发票707．new buy 全新采买708．New Jason Clause 新杰森条款709．new-product strategy 新产品战略710．no cure，no pay 无效果，无报酬711．Nominated Bank 指定银行712．Non-automatic Revolving 非自动循环713．Non-contractual Cargo 非契约货物714．Non-cumulative Revolving 非累计性循环715．non-marketing-controlled information source 非营销控制的信息源716．non-negotiable 禁止流通717．nonprobability sample 非概率样本718．non-repudiation 不可抵赖719．nonstore retailing 无店铺零售720．non—vessel operations common Carrier(NVOCC) 无船公共承运人721．North American Fertilizer Charter Party 北美化肥航次租船合同722．North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA) 北美自由贸易协定723．North American Grain Charter Party 北美谷物航次租船合同724．Note of Sea Protest 海事声明725．Notify Party 通知人名称726．notice of abandonment 委付通知727．Notice of Readiness(N／R) 装卸准备就绪通知书728．notice of redelivery 还船通知729．Nould & Mildew 腐烂、变质730．number and kind of packages 件数和包装方式731．NVBALTWOOD 波罗的海木材船租船合同732．object state transition network description(OSTN) 对象状态转化网络描述733．Occupants／Objects／Objectives／Organizations／Operations／Occasions／Outlets 购买者、购头对象、购买目的、购买组织、购买行动、购买时间、购买地点(营销市场70s问题)734．ocean bill of lading(O．B／L) 海运提单735．ocean marine cargo war risk 海运战争险736．ocean marine insurance for frozen products 海洋运输冷藏货物保险737．ocean marine insurance for woodoil bulks 海洋运输散装桐油险738．offer 发盘／报价739．Offer without Engagement 虚盘740．off-hire 停租741．off-hire statement 停租声明742．0ffloaded(OFLD) 卸下，拉货743．on arrival pilot station 到达引航站交船744．on deck risk 舱面险745．on board B／L；／Shipped B／L 已装船提单746．on shipment of cargo 佣金在货物装运时支付747．on signing the contract 佣金在签订合同时支付748．on taking inward pilot 引航员登轮交船749．on the Delivery Quantity of Cargo 按货物的卸货量750．on or before but not after than the due date 在支付日之前或当天支付，不得晚于支付日751．ONE CONTAINER ONLY 仅有一个集装箱752．online database 在线数据库753．online database vendor 在线数据库服务商754．Open B／L；Blank B／L；Bearer B／L 不记名提单755．Open Conference 开放公会756．Open Cover 预约保险757．Open policy 预约保险单758．open rate 费率759．Opener 开证人760．Open-Top Container 开顶集装箱761．optional cargo 选港货762．Optional Surcharge 选港附加费763．Order B／L 指示提单764．other charges 其他运费765．outsourcing 外包766．Overcarried(OVCD) 漏卸(运过境)767．Overland and Common Point(OCP) 内陆公共点运输768．overland transportation all risks 陆运一切险769．overland transportation cargo insurance 陆上货物运输保险770．overland transportation cargo insurance-frozen products 陆上冷藏货物运输保险771．overland transportation cargo war risks-by train 陆上运输货物战争险772．overland transportation risk 陆运险773．overlanded 溢卸774．overlanded & shortlanded cargo list 货物溢短单775．overlap 超期还船776．Owner’s Liabilities and Exceptions Clause 船舶所有人责任与免责条款777．Packaging(PK) 包装服务费778．Packing List／Weight List 装箱单／重量单779．Pacific Coast Grain Charter Party 太平洋沿岸谷物租船合同780．Paramount Clause 首要条款781．partial loss 部分损失782．particular average(PA) 单独海损783．payable after delivery of cargo 交付货物后支付784．Payable on arrival to destination 船舶到达卸货港时支付785．Payable on completion of discharging 卸货完毕时支付786．PayableonComplefonofloading 装货完毕时支付787．Payable on signing of B／L 签发提单时支付788．Payable in certain days after shipment 装货完毕后若干天后支付789．Payee 收款人790．Payer 付款人791．Paying Bank 付款行792．Payment by Cash 现金支付793．Payment Credit 付款信用证794．payment in advance 预付795．Payment of Freight 运费的支付796．Payment of Freight Clause 运费支付条款797．Payment of Hire 租金支付798．Payment Order 付款委托书799．payment slips 银行支付单800．Pen Container 牲畜集装箱801．Penetration 渗透策略802．Perils of Sea 海上风险803．personal selling 人员推销804．physical distribution(PD) 物流805．physical distribution service 物理分销服务806．physical distribution system 物理分销系统807．pilferage 偷窃808．piracy 海盗行为809．Place of Delivery 交货地810．Place of Receipt 收货地811．plan 计划812．Plat Form Based Container 框架集装箱813．point of sale(POS) 销售点信息系统814．policy 保险单815．Port Additional 港口附加费816．port of discharge 卸货港817．port of loading 装货港818．port of trasshipment 转运港819．positioning 定位820．Precarriage 第一程运输丁具。

中华人民共和国海商法目录第一章总则第二章船舶第一节船舶所有权第二节船舶抵押权第三节船舶优先权第三章船员第一节一般规定第二节船长第四章海上货物运输合同第一节一般规定第二节承运人的责任第三节托运人的责任第四节运输单证第五节货物交付第六节合同的解除第七节航次租船合同的特别规定第八节多式联运合同的特别规定第五章海上旅客运输合同第六章船舶租用合同第一节一般规定第二节定期租船合同第三节光船租赁合同第七章海上拖航合同第八章船舶碰撞第九章海难救助第十章共同海损第十一章海事赔偿责任限制第十二章海上保险合同第一节一般规定第二节合同的订立、解除和转让第三节被保险人的义务第四节保险人的责任第五节保险标的的损失和委付第六节保险赔偿的支付第十三章时效第十四章涉外关系的法律适用第十五章附则第一章总则第一条【立法目的】为了调整海上运输关系、船舶关系，维护当事人各方的合法权益，促进海上运输和经济贸易的发展，制定本法。

第二条【海上运输界定】本法所称海上运输,是指海上货物运输和海上旅客运输,包括海江之间、江海之间的直达运输。

本法第四章海上货物运输合同的规定，不适用于中华人民共和国港口之间的海上货物运输。

第三条【船舶界定】本法所称船舶，是指海船和其他海上移动式装置，但是用于军事的、政府公务的船舶和２０总吨以下的小型船艇除外。

前款所称船舶，包括船舶属具。

第四条【业务专属】中华人民共和国港口之间的海上运输和拖航，由悬挂中华人民共和国国旗的船舶经营。

但是，法律、行政法规另有规定的除外。

非经国务院交通主管部门批准，外国籍船舶不得经营中华人民共和国港口之间的海上运输和拖航。

第五条【国旗的悬挂】船舶经依法登记取得中华人民共和国国籍，有权悬挂中华人民共和国国旗航行。

船舶非法悬挂中华人民共和国国旗航行的，由有关机关予以制止，处以罚款。

第六条【主管机构】海上运输由国务院交通主管部门统一管理，具体办法由国务院交通主管部门制定，报国务院批准后施行。

第二章船舶第一节船舶所有权第七条【所有权内涵】船舶所有权，是指船舶所有人依法对其船舶享有占有、使用、收益和处分的权利。

海商法重要术语中英文对照1、绪论海商法maritime law海事法admiralty law国际海事组织International Maritime Organization习惯法customary law罗得海法Rhodian Laws《中华人民共和国海商法》Maritime Code of the People’s Republic of China 可航水域navigable waters海商法的渊源sources of admiralty and maritime law租船charter parties货物运输carriage of goods海上保险marine insurance船舶碰撞ship collision2、船舶船级证书certificates of classification船旗flag船籍港port of registry船籍证书certificate of ship’s nationality船队fleet船东(船舶所有人) shipowner船舶抵押权ship’s mortgage船舶所有权ownership of ship船舶优先权maritime lien船舶建造人留置权ship builder’s possessory lien船舶检验ships surveys船舶属具ship’s apparels船舶属具目录list of ship’s appurtenance船舶登记港port of registry船旗国flag state3、船员船员seamen or crew海员证seafarer’s identity certificate海员法seamen’s Act or Crew’s Law船员工资、伙食crew’s wages and maintenance船员名单crew List船员休息日seamen’s leave days船员雇用合同crew’s employment contract船员遣返repatriate of crew船员遣返费用repatriatation expenses船员惩戒punishment for the crew船员就业规则rule of employment of seamen船员服务簿seamen’s record book船员特殊培训special training for seafarers船员疾病伤亡补偿compensation for illness injury and loss of life of seamen 4、海上货物运输合同海上货物运输合同contract for the carriage of goods承运人carrier实际承运人actual carrier托运人shipper收货人consignee提单Bill of Lading, 简称:B/L正本提单original Bill of Lading副本提单copy Bill of Lading已装船提单Shipped B/L or on Board B/L收货待运提单Received for Shipment B/L记名提单Straight B/L不记名提单Blank B/L; Barer B/L提示提单Order B/L清洁提单Clean B/L不清洁提单Unclean B/L简式提单Short Form Bill of Lading最终证据conclusive evidence初步证据prima facie evidence保函letter of indemnity件杂货general cargo; break bulk承运人对货物的责任期间period of carrier’s responsibility承运人责任限制carrier’s limitation of liability承运人的责任carrier’s responsibilities承运人的免责carrier’s Exemption大副收据Mate’s Receipt;简称M/R大副批注Mate’s Remark倒签提单Anti-dated Bill of Lading预借提单Advanced Bill of Lading班轮运输liner shipping班轮订舱booking班轮公会line conference积载stowage双方有责碰撞条款both-to-blame collision clause无船承运人Non Vessel Carrier Cooperation;简称NVOCC多式联运经营人Multimodal Transport Operator, 简称MTO5、航次租船重要术语中英文对照航次租船voyage-charter party承租人charterer亏舱费dead freight不定期船tramp ship代替船substituted vessel连续日running days; consecutive days晴天工作日weather wirdubg day私人承运人private carrier每天每舱口装卸定量per hatch per day转租subletting到达船arrived ship不论靠泊与否whether in berth or not除非已使用unless used一旦滞期，永远滞期once on demurrage always on demurrage 运费率pro-rate freight整船包价lumpsum freight地理航线geographical rotation航次受阻frustration of voyage定期租船合同time charter party装载容积cubic capacity总登记吨Gross registered tonnage G.R.T. grt.租期duration交船检验on hire surrey危险货物dangerous cargo航区条款trading limits燃油bunker租金率rate of hire租金支付hire payment宽容期grace Period垫付cash advance停租off hire入坞drydocking光船租赁Bareboat Charter or Demise-charter Party7、拖航拖轮tug or tugboat拖航towage拖航合同towage contract拖航责任liabilities of tugowner顶推pushing tow拖驳船队tug-barge combination日租程拖带towage by daily hire承包型拖航合同lump-sum towage contract承拖方towing party国际海上拖航interantional towage at sea适拖towworthiness适拖保证towworthiness guarantee适拖证书certificate of towworthiness起拖commencement of towage被拖方tow party被拖物体object towed8、船舶碰撞船舶碰撞collision at sea船舶碰撞引起的损失loss or damage caused by collision 船舶碰撞法The Law of Collision at Sea船舶碰撞实际过失actual fault in collision不可抗力的碰collision caused by force majeure驾驶船舶过失negligence of navigation航行规则rules of navigation直接碰撞direct collision间接碰撞indirect collision第三方损失third party damage损失的范围categories of losses互有责任碰撞条款both to blame collision clause9、海难救助海难救助salvage at sea人命救助life salvage义务救助salvage under obligation无效果无报酬No Cure No Pay救助人salvor安全网条款safety net provision先行支付interim payment合同救助contractual salvage纯救助pure salvage被救助人salvee获救财产salved property获救价值salved value救助标的subject of salvage救助款项salvage payment强制救助mandatory salvage10、共同海损共同海损general average共同海损分摊contribution to general average共同海损百分率general average percentage共同海损利息interest on general average共同海损条款general average clause共同海损补偿allowances under general average共同海损担保函general average guarantee共同海损的宣布declaration of general average共同海损追偿recovery of general average合同救助contractual salvage纯救助pure salvage被救助人salvee获救财产salved property获救价值salved value救助标的subject of salvage救助款项salvage payment强制救助mandatory salvage共同海损牺牲general average sacrifice共同海损损失general average loss共同海损费用general average expenditure共同海损理算general average adjustment共同海损检验general average aurvey约克-安特卫普规则York-Antwerp Rules数字规则The Numeral Rules解释规则Rule of Interpretation海损理算师average adjusters不可分离协议Non-separation Agreement共同海损担保函average guarantee11、海事赔偿责任限制责任限制limitation of liability责任限制基金limitation fund责任限制基金的分配distribution of limitation fund责任限额limits of liability执行制度execution system吨位金额制度tonnage system委付制度limitation by abandonment单位责任限制package and unit limitation限制性债权claims subject to limitation非限制性债权unlimited maritime liability限制单位units of limitation海事赔偿责任限制limitation of Liability for maritime claims 人身伤亡的责任限制limited liability for personal injuries财产损失赔偿的责任限制limited liability for property injuries 海事争议maritime dispute海事诉讼admiralty litigation海事仲裁maritime arbitration海事诉讼当事人parties of maritime litigation海事请求权 maritime claim海事诉讼时效time limitation on maritime claims海事诉讼管辖jurisdiction of maritime dispute海事诉讼程序maritime procedure海事请求保全preservation for maritime litigation海事损害maritime loss or damage海事报告master’s report海事声明note of protest海事法院maritime court对物诉讼action in rem扣船令order of distraint扣船arrest of ship扣押姐妹船arrest of sister ship传票summons海事仲裁规则maritime arbitration rules仲裁协议的效力validity of arbitration agreement海事仲裁中的财产保全preservation of property in maritime arbitration 简易程序summary procedure对人诉讼action in personam12、海上保险最大诚实信用utmost good faith损失补偿原则principle of indemnity告知disclosure保证warrant代位求偿subrogation重复保险double insurance风险risks列明风险named risks保险人insurer or underwriter保单持有人policy-holder被保险人insured or assured保险经纪人insurance brokerage承保条slip伦敦海上保险人协会Institute of London Underwriters保险代理人insurance agent签单代理人underwriting agent保险利益insurable interest无论损失与否条款lost or not lost clause委付abandonment权益转让书letter or form of subrogation超额保险over-insured劳埃德S.G保单Lloyd’s S.G. Policy逐笔保险单specific policy流动保险单floating policy总括保险单blanket policy闭口保险单closed policy投保单application form暂保单broker’s cover note保险凭证certificate of insurance定值保险单valued policy不定值保险单unvalued policy足额保险full insurance不足额保险under insurance航程保险单voyage policy定期保险单time policy混合保险单mixed policy保险价值insurable value保险金额amount insured保险费premium平安险free from particular average水渍险with particular average一切险all risks仓至仓条款Warehouse to Warehouse Clause扩展责任条款Extended Cover Clause航程终止条款Termination of Adventure Clause 保险费premium保赔协会会费call预付会费advance call追加会费supplementary call。

第一条为了调整海上运输关系、船舶关系，维护当事人各方的合法权益，促进海上运输和经济贸易的发展，制定本法。

Article 1 This Code is enacted with a view to regulating the relations arising from maritime transport and those pertaining to ships, to securing and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the parties concerned, and to promoting the development of maritime transport, economy and trade.第二条本法所称海上运输，是指海上货物运输和海上旅客运输，包括海江之间、江海之间的直达运输。

Article 2 "Maritime transport" as referred to in this Code means the carriage of goods and passengers by sea, including the sea-river and river-sea direct transport.本法第四章海上货物运输合同的规定，不适用于中华人民共和国港口之间的海上货物运输。

The provisions concerning contracts of carriage of goods by sea as contained in Chapter IV of this Code shall not be applicable to the maritime transport of goods between the ports of the People's Republic of China.第三条本法所称船舶，是指海船和其他海上移动式装置，但是用于军事的、政府公务的船舶和２０总吨以下的小型船艇除外。