题库3大学学位英语考试题库3（附答案）Part I WritingDirections:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below.You should start your essay with a brief account of the impact of air pollution and then suggest how to make the air cleaner. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II MatchingDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet.The Art of FriendshipA) One evening a few years ago I found myself in an anxiety. Nothing was really wrong—my family and I werehealthy, my career was busy and successful—I was just feeling vaguely down and in need of a friend who could raise my spirits, someone who would meet me for coffee and let me rant until the clouds lifted. I dialed my best friend, who now lives across the country in California, and got her voicemail. That's when it started to dawn on me—lonesomeness was at the root of my dreariness. My social life had dwindled to almost nothing, but somehow until that moment I'd been too busy to notice. Now it hit me hard. My old friends, buddies since college or even childhood, know everything about me; when they left, they had taken my context with them. B) Research has shown the long-range negative consequences of social isolation on one's health. But my concernswere more short-term. I needed to feel understood right then in the way that only a girlfriend can understand you. I knew it would be wrong to expect my husband to replace my friends: He couldn't, and even if he could, to whom would I then complain about my husband? So I resolved to acquire new friends—women like me who had kids and enjoyed rolling their eyes at the world a little bit just as I did. Since I'd be making friends with more intention than I'd ever given the process, I realized I could be selective, that I could in effect design my own social life. The downside, of course, was that I felt pretty frightened.C) After all, it's a whole lot harder to make friends in midlife than it is when you’re younger—a fat woman I'vespoken with point out again and again. As Leslie Danzig, 41, a Chicago theater director and mother, sees it, when you're in your teens and 20s, you're more or less friends with everyone unless there's a reason not to be.Your college roommate becomes your best pal at least partly due to proximity. Now there needs to be a reason to be friends. "There are many people I'm comfortable around, but I wouldn't go so far as to call them friends.Comfort isn't enough to sustain a real friendship," Danzig says.D) At first, finding new companions felt awkward. At 40 I couldn't run up to people the way my 4-year-old daughtersdo in the playground and ask, "Will you be my friend? Every time you start a new relationship, you're vulnerable again," agrees Kathleen Hall, D Min, founder and CEO of the Stress Institute, in Atlanta. "You're asking, 'Would you like to come into my life?' It makes us self-conscious."E) Fortunately, my discomfort soon passed. I realized that as a mature friend seeker my vulnerability risk wasactually pretty low. If someone didn't take me up on my offer, so what: I wasn't in junior high, when I might have been rejected for having the wrong clothes or hair. At my age I have amassed enough self-esteem to realize that I have plenty to offer.F) We're all so busy, in fact, that mutual interests—say, in a project, class, or cause that we already make time for—become the perfect catalysts for bringing us in contact with candidates for camaraderie. Michelle Mertes, 35,a teacher and mother of two in Wausau, Wisconsin, says a new friend she made at church came as a pleasantsurprise. "In high school I chose friends based on their popularity and how being part of their circle might reflect on me. Now's it's our shared values and activities that count." Mertes says her pal, with whom she organized the church's youth programs, is nothing like her but their drive and organizational skills make them ideal friends.G) Happily, as awkward as making new friends can be, self-esteem issues do not factor in—or if they do, you caneasily put them into perspective. Danzig tells of the mother of a child in her son's pre-school, a tall, beautiful woman who is married to a big-deal rock musician. "I said to my husband, she's too cool for me,'" she jokes. "I get intimidated by people. But once I got to know her, she turned out to be pretty laid-back and friendly." In the end there was no chemistry between them, so they didn't become good pals. "I realized that we weren't each other's type, but it wasn't about hierarchy." What midlife friendship is about, it seems, is reflecting the person you've become (or are still becoming) back at yourself, thus reinforcing the progress you've made in your life.H) Harlene Katzman, 41, a lawyer in New York City, notes that her oldest friends knew her back when she was lesssure of herself. As much as she loves them, she believes they sometimes respond to issues in light of who she once was. An old chum has the goods on you. With recently made friends, you can turn over a new leaf.I) A new friend, chosen right, can also help you point your boat in the direction you want to go. Hanna Dershowitz,39, an attorney and mother in Los Angeles, found that a new acquaintance from work was exactly what she needed in a friend. In addition to liking and respecting Julia, Dershowitz had a feeling that the fit and athletic younger woman would help her to get in shape.J) While you're busy making new friends, remember that you still need to nurture your old ones. We asked Marla Paul, author of The Friendship Crisis: Finding, Making, and Keeping Friends When You’re Not a Kid Anymore, for the best ways to maintain these important relationships. Keep in touch. Your friends should be a priority;schedule regular lunch dates or coffee catch-up sessions, no matter how busy you are. Know her business. Keep track of important events in a friend's life and show your support. Call or e-mail to let her know you're thinking of her. Speak your mind. Tell a friend (politely) if something she did really upset you. If you can't be totally honest, then you need to reexamine the relationship. Accept her flaws. No one is perfect, so work around her quirks —she’s chronically late, or she's a bit negative—to cut down on frustration and fights. Boost her ego.Heartfelt compliments make everyone feel great, so tell her how much you love her new sweater or what a great job she did on a work project.1. Leslie Danzig thought making friends at one's middle age needed some reasons.2. A well-chosen new friend can help you go in the direction that you like.3. A few years ago the author felt lonely and depressed when she phoned her best friend in another city who was much wanted then but unavailable.4. According to Kathleen Hall, one might feel sensitive in the first curse of making new friends.5. Midlife friendship can help you realize your direction of life and reinforce the progress you've made in your life.6. In Mafia Paul's book, to be a better friend, you should keep track with your friends, care for your friend's job, express yourself, accept her flaws and compliment your friend for her/his good dressing and job.7. For the author, a girl friend might be the right person to understand her and erase her negative feeling.8. According to Michelle Metes, midlife friendship is based on the shared values and activities.9. As a mature friend seeker, the author finds herself with enough confidence to offer and take rejection with grace.10. With newly made friends, you can have a chance to take on a new look in your life.Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11．A. The girls got on well with each other. B. It's understandable that girls don't get along.C. She was angry with the other young stars.D. The girls lacked the courage to fight.12. A. The woman does her own housework. B. The woman needs a housekeeper.C. The woman's house is in a mess.D. The woman works as a housekeeper.13. A. The Edwards are quite well-off.B. The Edwards should cut down on their living expenses.C. It'll be unwise for the Edwards to buy another house.D. It's too expensive for the Edwards to live in their present house.14. A. The woman didn't expect it to be so warm at noon.B. The woman is sensitive to weather changes.C. The weather forecast was unreliable.D. The weather turned cold all of a sudden.15. A. At a clinic. B. At a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. D. In an ice cream shop.16. A. The woman did not feel any danger growing up in the Bronx.B. The man thinks it was quite safe living in the Bronx district.C. The woman started working at an early age to support her family.D. The man doesn't think it safe to send an 8-year-old to buy things.17. A. The man has never seen the woman before.B. The two speakers work for the same company.C. The two speakers work in the same floor.D. The woman is interested in market research.18. A. The woman can't tolerate any noise. B. The man is looking for an apartment.C. The man has missed his appointment.D. The woman is going to take a train trip.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A. To make a business report to the woman.B. To be interviewed for a job in the woman's company.C. To resign from his position in the woman's company.D. To exchange stock market information with the woman.20. A. He is head of a small leading company.B. He works in an international insurance company.C. He leads a team of brokers in a big company.D. He is a public relations officer in a small company.21. A. The woman thinks Mr. Saunders is asking for more than they can offer.B. Mr. Saunders will share one third of the woman's responsibilities.C. Mr. Saunders believes that he deserves more paid vacations.D. The woman seems to be satisfied with Mr. Saunders' past experience.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A. She's worried about the seminar. B. The man keeps interrupting her.C. She finds it too hard.D. She lacks interest in it.23. A. The lecturers are boring. B. The course is poorly designed.C. She prefers philosophy to English.D. She enjoys literature more.24. A. Karen's friend. B. Karen's parents. C. Karen's lecturers. D. Karen's herself.25. A. Changing her major. B. Spending less of her parents' money.C. Getting transferred to the English Department.D. Leaving the university.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 4 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A. Rent a grave. B. Burn the body.C. Bury the dead near a church.D. Buy a piece of land for a grave.27. A. To solve the problem of lack of land. B. To see whether they have decayed.C. To follow the Greek religious practice.D. To move them to a multi-storey graveyard.28. A. They should be buried lying down. B. They should be buried standing up.C. They should be buried after being washed.D. They should be buried when partially decayed.29. A. Burning dead bodies to ashes. B. Storing dead bodies in a remote place.C. Placing dead bodies in a bone room.D. Digging up dead bodies after three years.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A. Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year.B. Americans enjoy eating out with their friends.C. The United States is a country of immigrants.D. Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food.31. A. They can make friends with people from other countries.B. They can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyles.C. They can practice speaking foreign languages there.D. They can meet with businessmen from all over the world.Passage ThreeListen to the report and choose the best answers to the following questions.32. The definition of the American Dream appeared in________ in a history book by James Truslow Adams.A. 1913B. 1931C. 1916D. 196133. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Each individual may define the American Dream differently.B. The general idea is that a person in the United States has the freedom to carry out his or her goals.C. Many immigrants come to America to seek the American Dream.D. The expression first appeared in the book The Tragedy of America.Passage FourListen to the report and choose the best answers to the following questions.34. How do Cinderella’s stepmother and stepsisters treat her?A. Nicely.B. Unkindly.C. Pleasantly.D. Rudely.35. Why must Cinderella return home by midnight?A. Because she is wearing beautiful clothes and glass slippers.B. Because her godmother asks her to do so.C. Because the magical belongings will turn back into their normal forms by midnight.D. Because the prince is searching for her.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Self-motivation is basically the ability to get yourself to take action whether you feel like it or not. Many people have a 36. ________ when it comes to motivation in general. It can be seen as being lazy or unproductive, but in actuality, no one is really lazy. If you are not 37. ________ of getting yourself to do certain things that you know you should be doing, it’s because you don’t have a strong enough reason to do it.What can you do to help 38. ________your self-motivation? One thing you can do is to start giving yourself stronger reasons to be performing certain things such as taking actions towards your goals. Once you have a goal and strong enough reasons to take action, your self-motivation will 39. _________ start to increase. Your reasons can be both positive and 40. ________. You can either do something because you want to get 41. ________ out of completing a task or you want to avoid the 42. ________of not completing the task. Either way, the reasons need to be strong enough to move you into action.The bottom line is that if you want to increase your self-motivation, you will need to start designing a more 43. ________ future for yourself. 44.________________powerful reasons for why you should take action. When you have a strong purpose and constantly 45.________________with self-improvement motivation material, you will start to become 46.________________and will begin to take more action.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section ADirections: In this section, there are ten sentences with ten blanks. You are required to select one word or phrase for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the sentences. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.You may not use any of the words or phrases in the bank more than once.47. ,the pilotsurvived the plane crash.48. The rescue workers were to cut off her leg before saving her out of the collapsed building.49. I was wondering when it would be possible for me to be of the job interview result.50. Regular exercise can not only make your mind and body stronger but also help rid you of the that occursat work.51. Don’t worry. Mary will be her word.52. I am going to take a job for the summer vacation.53. It is very dangerous to outdated ideas and theories.54. I’m calling your want ad in New York Times dated July 24th.55. The house is still in condition.56. After a long journey, she felt and was eager to go back home.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do—especially in a tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. “It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves.” he says.Resume (简历) arrive with stains. Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company’s name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate, Crossley concludes. “If they cannot take of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”Can we pay too much attention to detail? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward, “To keep from losing the forest for the trees”, says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, “We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we’re working on fit into the larger picture. If they don’t, we should drop them and move to something else”.Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. “The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time.” Says Garfield, “But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal. This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.” Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.Too often we believe what accounts for others’ success is some special secret or a lucky break (机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.57.According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected ________.A. because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resumeB. because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resumeC. because they failed to give detailed description of their background in their applicationsD. because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves58.The word “perfectionists” (Para. 3, Line 1) refers to those who ________.A. demand others to get everything absolutely rightB. know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstancesC. pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectivesD. are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do59.Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader?A. Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.B. Don’t forget details when drawing pictures.C. Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.D. Careless applicants are not to be trusted.60.The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that ________.A. minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectivesB. failure is the mother of successC. adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any workD. keeping one’s goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked61.The best title for this passage would be ________.A. Don’t Be a PerfectionistB. Importance of AdjustmentsC. Details and Major ObjectivesD. Hard Work Plus Good LuckPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.It has been thought and said that Africans are born with musical talent. Because music is so important in the lives of many Africans and because so much music is performed in Africa, we are inclined to think that Africans are musicians. The impression is strengthened when we look at ourselves and find that we have become largely a society of musical spectators (旁观). Music is important to us, but most of us can be considered consumers rather than producers of music. We have records, television, concerts, and radio to fulfill many of our musical needs. In most situations where music is performed in our culture it is not difficult to distinguish the audience from the performers, but such is often not the case in Africa. Alban Ayipaga, a Kasena semiprofessional musician from northern Ghana, says that when his flute (长笛) and drum ensemble (歌舞团) is performing, "Anybody can take part". This is true, but Kasena musicians recognize that not all people are equally capable of taking part in the music. Some can sing along with the drummers, but relatively few can drum and even fewer can play the flute along with the ensemble. It is fairly common in Africa for there to be an ensemble of expert musicians surrounded by others who join in by clapping, singing, or somehow adding to the totality of musical sound. Performances often take place in an open area (that is, not on a stage) and so the lines between the performing nucleus and the additional performers, active spectators, and passive spectators may be difficult to draw from our point of view.62. The difference between us and Africans, as far as music is concerned, is that _____.A.most of us are consumers while most of them are producers of musicB.we are musical performers and they are semiprofessional musiciansC.most of us are passive spectators while they are active spectatorsD.we are the audience and they are the additional performers63. The word "such" (Line 7) refers to the fact that ______.A.music is performed with the participation of the audienceB.music is performed without the participation of the audienceC.people tend to distinguish the audience from the performersD.people have records, television sets and radio to fulfill their musical needs64. The author of the passage implies that _____.A.all Africans are musical and therefore much music is performed in AfricaB.not all Africans are born with musical talent although music is important in their livesC.most Africans are capable of joining in the music by playing musical instrumentsD.most Africans perform as well as professional musicians65. The word "nucleus" (Line 13) probably refers to _____.A.musicians famous in AfricaB.musicians at the center of attentionC.musicians acting as the core in a performanceD.active participants in a musical performance66. The best title for this passage would be ______.A.The Importance of Music to African PeopleB.Differences Between African Music and Music of Other CountriesC.The Relationship Between Musicians and Their AudienceD. A Characteristic Feature of African Musical PerformancesSection C Blank FillingDirections:In this section, there are ten sentences with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the sentences. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.67. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthenedthe city’s buildings and highways, making them more to quakes.68. Please call each participant the day before conference and attendance.69. We must develop more customers.70. Women equal pay and to work on equal terms with them.71. They thought that a conference like this would present risks.72. Neither difficulty nor failure his passion.73. How did you realize your ideals under adverse ?74. The police spent a night time searching for on the site of the crime, but they found nothing.75. The of labour was obtained through the breakup of old trade union structures.76. The government’s is that they must first aim to beat inflation.Part VI TranslationDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet.中国人民依法享受超过115天的假期，其中包括104天的周末和11天的节假日。
