职称英语综合类AB级阅读理解练习

Passage 1 The operation of International Airlines International airlines have rediscovered the business traveler, the man or woman who regularly jets from country to country as part of the job. This does not necessarily mean that airlines ever abandoned their business travelers. Instead, companies like Lufthansa and Swissair would right argue that they have always catered best for the executive class passengers. But many airlines could be accused of concentrating too heavily in the recent past on attracting passengers by volume, often at the expense of the regular traveler. Too often, they have seemed geared for quantity rather than quality. Operating a major airline is essentially a matter of finding the right mix of passengers. The airlines need to fill up the back of their wide-bodied jets with low fare passengers, without forgetting that the front end should be filled with people who pay substantially more for their tickets. It is no coincidence that the two major airline bankruptcies were among the companies specializing in cheap flights. But low fares require consistently full aircraft to make flights economically viable, and in the recent recession the volume of traffic has not grown. Equally the large number of airlines jostling for the available passengers has created a huge excess of capacity. The net result of excess capacity and cut-throat competition driving down fares had been to push some airlines into collapse and leave many others hovering on the brink. Against this grim background, it is no surprise that airlines are turning increasingly towards the business travelers to improve their rates of return. They have invested much time and effort to establish exactly what the executive demands for sitting apart from the tourists. High on the list of priorities is punctuality; an executive’s time is money. In-flight service is another area where the airlines are jostling for the executive’s attention. The free drinks and headsets and better food are all part of the lure. Another development has been the accent of seating arrangements. Regular travelers have become well versed in the debate about seat pitch – the amount of room between each passenger. And first-class passengers are now offered sleeperettes, which, for long journeys, make it possible to snatch a proper night’s sleep. Sleeperettes have proved so popular that they will soon become universal in the front end of most aircraft. The airlines are also trying to improve things on the ground. Executive lounges are commonplace and intended to make the inevitable waiting between flights a little more bearable. Luggage handling is being improved. Regrettably, there is little the airlines can do to speed up the boring immigration and customs process, which manages to upset and frustrate passengers of all classes in every continent. Although it is the airlines’ intention to attract executive passengers from their rivals, the airlines themselves would nonetheless like to change one bad habit of this kind of traveler – the expensive habit of booking a flight and then failing to turn up. The practice is particularly widespread in Europe, where businessmen frequently book return journeys home one on several flights.1. According to the passage, in operating airlines it is essential to ___. A. keep in mind the need of the executives only. B. Satisfy the need of the low fare passengers at the expense of the executives C. Try to attract as many passengers as possible by reducing fares D. Cater to the need of passengers sitting at both ends of jets.2. The following are all mentioned as reasons why airlines are having a hard time except that ___. A. the tourist industry is experiencing an all-time low B. there is no increase in the number of passengers C. there are more seats on the planes than needed D. the competition between airlines is strong3. The improvements the airlines attempt at include all the following except ___. A. making their seats more comfortable B. providing better food during flights C. showing more movies during the long flights D. offering sleeperettes to first-class passengers4. There is not much the airlines can do when it comes to ___. A. making sure the departure are not delayed B. the efficient handling of luggage C. speeding up customs procedure D. the improvement of the condition of waiting lounges5. Which of the following is a bad habit of the executive passengers that frustrates the airlines? A. they do not book their seats in advance B. they do not sit on the seats they are supposed to take C. they do not travel on the flight they have booked D. they do not pay in advance for the seats they book.答案与解析： 1．⽂章标题分析：The operation （经营）of International （国际的）Airlines（航空公司）2．直接解题： 1. According to (根据)the passage, in operating airlines it is essential （重要的，本质的）to ___. A. keep in mind (记住)the need of the executives (⾏政主管)only. B. Satisfy(满⾜) the need of the low fare(费⽤) passengers at the expense of （在损害..的情况下）the executives C. Try to attract(吸引) as many passengers as possible (尽可能...的)by reducing fares D Cater to (满⾜)the need of passengers sitting at both ends of jets(飞机). 答案：D. 分析: 借助常识可以直接排除A(只记住⾏政主管的需要)和B(在损害⾏政主管利益的情况下满⾜低票价乘客的需要), 利⽤题⼲中出现的修饰词essential作为答案线索，这样找到答案相关句：（第2段）Operating a major（较⼤的；主要的） airline is essentially （本质上， essential的副词形式）a matter （事情，问题）of finding the right mix （组合）of passengers. 该句说“经营以家较⼤的航空公司从本质上说就是找到合适的乘客组合的问题” 。

The best way to reduce your weight　You hear this：“No Wonder you are fat.An you ever do is eat.”You feel sad：“I skip my breakfast and supper.I run every morning and evening.What else can I do?”Basically you can do nothing.Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it. Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that，“80 percent of the Children of two obese parents become obese，as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight.” How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well，dieting can be effective.but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch，a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day1.After more than 10 weeks，the subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital，they all regained.The results were surprising：by metabolic measurement，fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving.They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet2.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight，but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people. Thin people，however, suffer from the opposite：They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan Sims，of the University of Vermont，got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight.In four to six months，they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended，they were back to normal weight and stayed there. This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true-each person has a comfortable weight range3.The range might be as much as 9kg.Someone might weigh 60-69 kg without too much effort But going above of below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks. 词汇： obese adj.肥胖的 metabolic adj.新陈代谢的 psychiatric adj.精神病的 注释： 1. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.他们被给予⼀种流⾷配⽅，每天提供600热卡。

passege2 Single-parent kids do best Single mums are better at raising their kids than two parents – at least in the bird world. Mother zebra finches have to work harder and raise fewer chicks on their own, but they also produce more attractive sons who are more likely to get a mate. The findings shows that family conflict is as important an evolutionary driving force as ecological factors such as hunting and food supply. With two parents around, there’s always a conflict of interests, which can have a detrimental effect on the quality of the offspring. In evolutionary terms, the best strategy for any parent in the animal world is to find someone else to care for their offspring, so they can concentrate on breeding again. So it’s normal for parents to try to pass the buck to each other. But Ian Hartley from the university of Lancaster and his team wondered how family solve this conflict, and how the conflict itself affects the offspring. To find out, they measured how much effort Zebra finch parents put into raising their babies. They compared single females with pairs, by monitoring the amount of food each parent collected, and removing or adding chicks so that each pair of birds was raising four chicks, and each mum had two – supposedly the same amount of work. But single mums, they found, put in about 25 percent more effort than females rearing with their mate. To avoid being exploited, mothers with a partner hold back from working too hard if their father is being lazy, and it’s the chicks that pay the price. “The offspring suffer some of the cost their conflict,” says Hartley. The cost does not show in any obvious decease in size or weight, but in how attractive they are to the opposite sex. When the chicks were mature, the researchers tested the “fitness”of the male offspring by offering females their choice of partner. Those males reared by single mums were chosen more often than those from two-parent families. Sexual conflict has long been thought to affect the quality of care given to offspring, says zoologist Rebecca Kilner at Cambridge University, who works on conflict of parents in birds. “But the experimental evidence is not great. The breakthrough here is showing it empirically.” More surprising, says Kilner, is Hartley’s statement that conflict may be a strong influence on the evolution of behavior, clutch size and even appearance. “people have not really made that link, ”says Hartley. A female’s reproductive strategy is usually thought to be affected by hunting and food supply. Kilner says conflict of parents should now be taken into account as well.1. With which of the following statements would the author probably agree? A. single mums produce stronger sons B. single mums do not produce daughters C. two-parent families produce less attractive children D. two-parent families produce more beautiful offspring2. According to the passage, in what way does family conflict affect the quality of the offspring? A. the young males get less care B. the young females will decrease in weight C. the offspring will become lazy fathers or mothers in the future D. the offspring will not get mature easily3. What is the relationship between paragraph 4 and paragraph 5? A. cause and effect B. experiment and result C. problem and solution D. topic and comment4. According to Hartley, which of the following NOT influenced by sexual conflict? A. the evolution of the offspring’s behavior B. the look of the offspring’s faces C. the number of eggs produced by one offspring at a time D. the offspring’s body size5. According to the passage, people believe that a female’s reproductive strategy is influenced by A. an evolutionary driving force B. a conflict of interests C. ecological factors D. the quality of the offspring答案及解析： 1．⽂章标题分析： Single-parent（单亲） kids do best2. 直接解题 1. With which of the following statements would the author probably（可能）agree? A. single mums produce（培育） stronger sons B. single mums do not produce daughters C. two-parent families produce less attractive children D two-parent families produce more beautiful offspring（后代） 答案: Ｃ。

职称英语等级考试综合AB模拟试题(5)第五部分：补全短文（每题2分，共10分，建议在10分钟以内完成）阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放会文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置。

难度B／A级The first four minutesWhen do people decide whether or not they want to become friends? During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, "Contact: The first four minutes," he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships: __1__. A lot of people's whole lives would change if they did just that.You may have noticed that average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he as just met.__2__. If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident.In general, he says, "People like people who like themselves."On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic, realizing that the other person has his won needs, fears, and hopes.Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I'm not a friendly, self-confident person. That's not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to at that way."__3__. We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. "It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one."But isn't it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don't actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honest" is not always good for social relationships, especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger. That is not the time to complain about one's health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one's opinions and impressions.__4__. For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later.The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. __5__ that is at least as important as how much we know.A. In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits.B. Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends.C. In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.D. Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.E. He keeps looking over the other person's shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.F. He is eager to make friends with everyone.第6部分：完型填空（建议在15分钟以内完成）阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个答案，并涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

职称英语等级综合类(B级)试题考试试题、答案及题解92部分：阅读判断16 B Ireland is me best place in the world t0 live in for 2005,…．爱尔兰是2005年世界上最适合居住的地方，……这是文章中的第一句话。

题干说的是：在长达2005年里，爱尔兰一直是世界上最适合于人类居住的地方。

因此，不对。

17 C 题干说的是：工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。

文章第三段提到了工作稳定(job security)，但是没有说工作稳定是生活质量中最不重要的衡量标准。

18 A 题干说的是：在爱尔兰生活费用相当高。

这一信息可以从第四段中的词组“the high cost of living”(很高的生活费用)中找到。

19 C 题干说的是：在津巴布韦，家庭生活不稳定。

文章没有提到。

20 A 题干说的是：爱尔兰名居榜首是因为它把新时期的的成分和一些好的传统结合在一起。

这一信息可以从第七段中找到。

21 B 题干说的是：评价生活质量很容易。

第八段是这么说的：The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do．该杂志承认评价生活质量不是一件简单的事。

因此，不对。

22 B 题干说的是：美国在前十名。

事实是它排在第十三名。

有关此信息可以在最后一段找到。

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子23 C 本文的标题是：即使是聪明人也会失败。

第二和第三段都跟Edison直接相关。

第二段描述的是他的发明创造。

24 D 本段是。

Edison对失败的看法。

第一句话的意思是：生活中的许多失败是半途而废，这些人不知道其实他们放弃时离成功已经是近在咫尺了。

25 A 本段的第一句话是这么说的：没有人喜欢失败，但是聪明的发明家会从中吸取教训。

注意：一个段落的第一句话常常是主题句。

26 B 本段的第一句话是这么说的：两个世纪来，发明家表现出的一个共同品质是弃而不舍。

英语ab级考试参考答案英语AB级考试参考答案一、听力部分1. A) 根据对话内容，男士询问女士是否愿意参加晚上的聚会，女士表示她需要先完成工作。

因此，正确答案是A。

2. B) 女士提到她需要购买一些书籍，但书店已经关门。

男士建议她可以在网上购买。

正确答案是B。

3. C) 对话中男士询问女士是否已经预订了酒店，女士回答说已经预订了，并且是在市中心的一家酒店。

正确答案是C。

4. D) 女士提到她正在寻找一家餐厅，男士建议她去附近的一家意大利餐厅。

正确答案是D。

5. E) 男士询问女士是否已经完成了报告，女士回答说她正在努力完成。

正确答案是E。

二、阅读部分1. A) 根据文章内容，作者提到了在城市中生活的好处，包括更多的工作机会和便利的交通。

正确答案是A。

2. B) 文章中提到了农村生活的宁静和自然美景，但同时也提到了农村地区缺乏医疗设施。

正确答案是B。

3. C) 作者在文章中讨论了教育的重要性，并强调了教育对于个人发展和社会进步的作用。

正确答案是C。

4. D) 文章中提到了科技发展带来的便利，但同时也警告了过度依赖技术可能带来的问题。

正确答案是D。

5. E) 根据文章内容，作者讨论了环境保护的重要性，并提出了一些个人和社区可以采取的措施。

正确答案是E。

三、完形填空1. B) 根据上下文，这里需要一个表示“尽管”的词，因此选择B "Despite"。

2. C) 句子需要一个表示“影响”的词，选择C "affect"。

3. A) 这里需要一个表示“结果”的词，选择A "consequence"。

4. E) 根据句子结构，需要一个表示“因为”的词，选择E "because"。

5. D) 这里需要一个表示“然而”的词，选择D "However"。

四、语法填空1. has been completed - 根据句子时态，这里需要完成时态的被动语态。

第一套:第一部分: 词汇选择(第1-15题, 每题1分, 共15分)下面共有15句子, 每个句子均有一种词或短语划有底横线, 请从每个句子背面所给旳四个选项中选择一种与划线部分意义最相近旳词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡对应旳位置上。

He was a very cute boy but now he seems to have no interest in anything.A) clever B) honestC) brave D) dull原则答案: a2. Data from Voyager II have presented astronomers with a puzzle about why our outermost planet exists.A) problem B) mysteryC) question D) point原则答案: b3. The film originated from a short story.A) resulted B)derived原则答案: b4. After supper we usually take a stroll around the park for about an hour.A) walk B) restC) bath D) breath原则答案: a5. This is a subject that has now moved into the political domain.A) extent B) zoneC) area D) competition原则答案: c6. She is noted for her generous contribution for the relief of the poor.A) charged B) accusedC) famous D) responsible原则答案: c7、 He rolled up his trouser leg to exhibit his wounded knee.C) show D) examine原则答案: c8、 8.You startled me when you shouted.A) threatened B) frightenedC) interrupted D) troubled原则答案: b9、 It is said the houses along this street will soon be demolished.A)pulled down B) pulled upC) pulled off D) pulled in原则答案: a10、 She tried to probe my mind and discover what I was thinking.A) solved B) exploredC) involved D) exploded原则答案: b11. The parents have to restrain their daughter from running out into the street.A)disallow B) reduceC) prevent D) confine原则答案: c12. He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress.A) despair B) difficultiesC) need D) danger原则答案: d13. 13.Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.A) shaken B) fallenC) damaged D) trembled原则答案: c14. Thick clouds obscured the stars from view.A)darkened B) heldC) blackened D)prevent原则答案: d15. The river was contaminated with waste.A) blackened B) pollutedC) widened D) mixed原则答案: b第二部分: 阅读判断(每题1分, 共七分)阅读下面这篇短文, 短文后列出了七个句子, 请根据短文旳内容对每个句子作出判断。

职称英语等级考试综合AB模拟试题(2)第二部分：阅读判断（每题1分，共七分，建议12分钟以内完成）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了七个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑难度A／B级Why is the Native Language Learnt So WellHow does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare them with adults learning a foreign language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experience often succeeds in a complete mastery of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed mental powers, in most case, may end up with a faulty and inexact command. What accounts for this difference?Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. In the first place, the time of learning themother tongue is the most favorable of all, namely, the first years of life. A child hears it spoken from morning till night and, what is more important, always in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, right use of words and right structure. He drinks in all the words and expressions, which come to him in a flash, ever-bubbling spring. There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation.Then the child has, as it were, private lessons all the year round, while an adult language-student has each week a limited number of hours, which he generally shares with others. The child has another advantage: he hears the language in all possible situations, always accompanied by the right kind of gestures and facial expressions. Here there is nothing unnatural, such as is often found in language lessons in schools, when one talks about ice and snow in June or scorching heat in January. And what a child hears is generally what immediately interests him. Again and again, when his attempts at speech are successful, his desires are understood and fulfilled.Finally, though a child's " teachers " may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and personal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.1. Compared with adults learning a foreign language, children learn their native language with ease.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned2. Adults' knowledge and mental powers hinder their complete mastery of a foreign language.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned3. The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned4. Plenty of practice in listening during the first years of life partly ensures children's success of learning their mother tongue.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned5. A child learning his native language has the advantage of having private lessons all the year round.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned6. Gestures and facial expressions may assist a child in mastering his native language.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned7. So far as language teaching is concerned, the teacher's close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he hasreceived.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned【备注说明，非正文，实际使用可删除如下部分。

Education is all enormous and expensive part of American life．Its size is matched by its variety．Differences in American schools compared with those found in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone — not just for a privileged elite．Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child，regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself．This means that public schools offer more than academic subjects．It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses astyping，sewing，radio repair, computer programming or driver training，along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics，history, and languages．Students choose their curricula depending on their interests，future goals，and level of ability．The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities，and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness．Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and“Americanizing” the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins．Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns．The approach to teaching may seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal，but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts．Instead，Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities． Students spend much time，learning how to use resource materials，libraries，statistics and computers．Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives．Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts．This is America’s answer to the searching question that thoughtful parents all over the world are asking themselves in the fast-moving time：‘‘How Can one prepare today’s child for a tomorrow that one can neither predict nor understand?”privileged adj．享有特权的Elite n．精英，精华curricula n．课程reason v．推理A)To teach every learner some practical skills．B)To provide every learner with rich knowledge．C)To give every student the opportunity to fully develop his／her ability．D)To train every student to be a responsible citizen．2.It is implied in the passage thatA)all high-school students take the same courses．B)every high-school student must take some practical ability training courses．C)every public school offers the same academic subjects．D)the subjects every student takes may vary．3.American schools place great emphasis on the learner’sA)enrichment of knowledge．B)accumulation of facts．C)acquisition of the ability to be creative．D)acquisition of the ability to work with his hands．4.According to the passage，American education meets the needs of all the following EXCEPTA)the brightest students．B)the slow students．C)the students from foreign countries．D)the immigrants．5.Which of the following best states the feature of American education that makes it different from education in other countries?A)The large number of its schools．B)The variety of the courses offered in its schools．C)Its special consideration given to immigrantsD)Its underlying goal to develop every child’s abilities to the fullest extent.参考答案:1. C。

职称英语综合类B真题及答案(完整版)第1部分词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一种意义最为靠近旳选项。

1. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. brave D .sensible2. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. acceptB. controlC. observeD. regulate3. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A limit B. fear C. power D. fool4. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. destinyD. refusal5. She's extremely competent and industrious.A. hardworkingB. honestC. objectiveD. independent6. The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A. hide B .handle C. disclose D. establish7. He tried to assemble his thoughts.A. clearB. shareC. gatherD. spare8. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A. messageB. punishmentC. guiltD. obligation9. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.A. flexibleB. terribleC. reasonableD. serious10. These products are inferior to those we brought last year.A. poorer thanB. narrower thanC. larger thanD. richer than11. The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly.A. improvedB. changedC. worsenedD. developed12. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.A. coexistingB. fairC. full D .pubic13. They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport.A. requesting B .planning C. preparing D. looking14. He said some harsh words about his brother.A. unkindB. properC. normalD. unclear15. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. sumD. temp第2部分: 阅读判断(第16-22题,每题1分,共7分)下面旳短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文旳内容对每个句子做出判断：假如该句提供旳是对旳信息，请选择A: 假如该句提供旳是错误信息，请选择B; 假如该句旳信息问中没有提及，请选择C。