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Unit 2 Understanding each otherlanguage points1. It is said that the senior citizens who are ___________ (regular) accompanied by their family members tend to live longer and happier.2. We became____________ (company) in misfortune. (患难之交)3. The singer ________________ (accompany) on the piano by her sister.4. Unluckily, we were exposed to the strong winds ______________ (accompany) by heavy rain.5. I enjoyed __________ (Joe) company last night.6. He listened ____________ (attentive) to what she told him.7. He wishes his parents would be ____________ (attentive) to his real needs than before.8. The teacher was cross as the student was ______ (attentive).9. Prices vary according ____ the quantity ________ (order).10. We have a different background as well as a different history. _____________ (according), we have the right to different futures.11. It is a difficult job and they should _____________ (pay) accordingly.12. She asked him to clarify ______ he really meant.13. The listener can ask some questions ___________ (clarify) the speaker’s position.14. I am seeking _____________ (clarify) of the regulations.15. In his opinion, until the cases _____________ (clarify), the families of the victims will continue to suffer.16. It would be a mistake _______________ (understate) the seriousness of the prob-lem.17. The seriousness of the crime cannot __________ (overstate).18. It is not an ____________ (overstate) to say a crisis is approaching.19. To say we are underpaid is _________ understatement.20. She takes ______ active part in school activities.21. The volcano has been ________ (active) and peaceful for 50 years.22. The _________ (inactive) of the government was to blame.23. They could be interpreted _____ a welcoming greeting from a close friend, espe-cially if _________ (accompany) by a gentle smile.24. Much of _____ we communicate is dependent not only ___ the words we use, but also on how we use them.25. Communication is the process of exchanging information between a ______ (send) and a receiver.26. ______ response, the receiver sends an _______ (encode) message back, which _______ (refer) to as feedback.27. This feedback is decoded by the _________ (origin) sender and the entire cycle repeats __________ until they have finished communicating.28. This communication process can be challenging ____, with practice and patience, you can become a ______ (high) competent communicator.29. To accomplish this, you need to know with _______ you are communicating.30. Once you have obtained this information, you can use it to determine _______ best to communicate with them.31. Depending on ________ you are communicating with a stranger, friend, family member or co-worker, you will need to decide which communication channel________ (good) suits the situation.32. A smile shows you are attentive _______ the issues ______________(discuss), while looking away with your arms __________(fold) can indicate disinterest and create ___________(trust) or friction.33. When you notice a change in the other person’s body language, you should adjust how you are communicating _____________ (according)34. If someone looks at you with a __________ (confuse) expression, this could indi-cate that they have not completely understood your point.35. While being ___________ (knowledge) about body language is vital, the value of empathy should not ______________(state).36. Seek to understand the other person’s emotions, by putting _______ in their shoes and looking at the situation ______ their perspective.37. Suppose you are discussing a project with your partner, who has just lost an im-portant basketball game and is ________ (active).38. To engage him or her ___ the discussion and make your communication effective, you may express your sympathy…39. Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view _____ you be able to see what accounts _______ their emotions and __________ (empathy) with them.40. Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain respect, ________ (allow) relationships to become more positive and productive.答案：1.regularlypanions3.was accompanied4.accompanied5.Joe’s6.attentively7.more attentive8.inattentive9.to; ordered10.Accordingly11.be paid12.what13.to clarify14.clarification15.are clarified16.to understate17.be overstated18.overstatement19.an20.an21.inactive22.inactivity23.as; accompanied24.what; on25.sender26.In; encoded; is referred27.original; itself28.but; highly 29.whom30.how31.whether; best32.to; being discussed; folded; distrust33.accordingly34.confused35.knowledgeable; be understated36.yourself; from37.inactive38.in39.will; for; empathize40.allowing。
必修四Unit 2 Working the Land耕耘II．Reading A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE所有人的开拓者Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.尽管袁隆平是一位中国最著名的科学家，但他却认为自己是一位农民，因为为了研究他要耕耘。
【注释：for引导的分句通常对前一个分句所说的话加以解释，提供判断的理由，但这个理由并非是真正的内在的原因。
如：The day breaks, for the birds are singing.天亮了，因为鸟在歌唱。
试题：It’s dark now, _____ the street lights are on. A. because B. as C. since D. for 】Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body a re just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的确，他那黑黝黝的脸庞和胳膊以及他那瘦小而强壮的身躯正像千千万万个中国农民一样，就是为他们，他已经奋斗了五十年。
【注释：①be like象：以…的典型方式eg. It's not like you to take offense.你不象会发脾气的人. ②struggle for为…而斗争；struggle to do sth.艰难地做某事，挣扎做某事；struggle against与…作斗争；struggle with和…作斗争；struggle to on e’s knees挣扎着跪下；struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来；struggle through the snowstorm 冒着暴风雪前进；struggle on挣扎着；坚持下去；eg. 1) He struggled for the national independence.他为民族的独立而奋斗。
Unit2 Reading 重难点词汇详解1. struggle n. &vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力教材原文Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的确，他那被太阳晒黑的脸庞和手臂以及他那瘦削而结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，在过去50年里，他一直在努力帮助他们。
经典例句①After 6 years’ struggle, people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.经过六年的努力，现在的汶川人民的生活步入了正轨。
②We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. 我们都有过这样的经历：在电梯里，在银行排队，或者在飞机上，周围都是像我们一样深切专注智能手机的人，或者，更糟糕的是，在令人不安的沉默中挣扎。
③They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.为了生存，他们必须和天气和野兽做斗争。
④There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.凶杀现场没有搏斗痕迹。
Unit 2 Working the landA PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLEAlthough he is one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Now more than 60﹪of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced. These increased harvests mean that 22﹪of the world’s people are fed from just 7﹪of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesn’t care about being famous. He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Long ago Dr Yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming. Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production. Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage tothe land and, even more dangerous, to people’s health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones. Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time. This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time. Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses. In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition. They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease. A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy. Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer. They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile. This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile. They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil. Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground’s surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots. Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop. These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people’s health.。
