2016MPAcc考研英语：重大纲 练真题

2016年考研(一月联考)英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text。

Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。

(10 points)Happy people work differently。

They’re more productive， more creative， and willing to take greater risks。

And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work， too。

Companies located in place with happier people invest more， according to a recent research paper。

2 ， firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development)。

That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future。

The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested。

So they compared U.S。

cities’ average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas。

2016年专业英语历年考试真题The year 2016 marked a significant milestone in the history of specialized English exams, as it saw the introduction of several key changes that reshaped the testing landscape. As we delve into the past exam papers, it becomes evident that the focus shifted towards a more practical and context-based approach, emphasizing real-world applications of English rather than just rote learning.The reading comprehension sections of the 2016 exams were particularly noteworthy for their diverse range of topics, ranging from scientific research articles to business case studies. This shift towards a more diverse content mix reflects a growing trend towards assessing candidates' ability to comprehend and analyze complex texts across different domains. Candidates were required to not only understand the literal meaning of the text but also to infer implied meanings, understand the author's intentions, and evaluate the credibility of the information presented.The listening comprehension sections also saw a similar trend, with conversations and lectures being designed to test the candidates' ability to extract key information, understand context, and make logical deductions. This section tested the candidates' active listening skills, requiring them to actively engage with the audio material and interpret it quickly and accurately.The writing sections of the exams were also updated to reflect this new focus on practicality and real-world applications. Candidates were asked to write essays and reports that模拟真实工作场景中的写作任务， emphasizing clarity, coherence, and the ability to communicate ideas effectively. The emphasis on these skills is crucial in today's globalized workforce, where effective communication is a prerequisite for success.In the light of these changes, it is important for candidates to adopt a strategic approach towards their preparation. Firstly, they should focus on developing a strong foundation in the basic language skills of reading, writing, listening, and speaking. This foundation willprovide them with the necessary tools to tackle the more complex tasks presented in the exams.Secondly, candidates should expose themselves to a wide range of materials, including newspapers, magazines, podcasts, and online resources, to familiarize themselves with different styles and registers of English. This will help them adapt to the diverse content mix found in the exams.Thirdly, candidates should practice regularly, focusing on improving their speed and accuracy. This can be achieved through timed practice tests and mock exams, which willhelp them familiarize themselves with the exam format and develop the necessary test-taking skills.Lastly, candidates should focus on developing their critical thinking skills. This involves analyzing and evaluating information, identifying arguments and counterarguments, and drawing conclusions based on evidence. These skills will be crucial in the writing and reading comprehension sections of the exams.In conclusion, the 2016 professional English exams marked a significant shift towards a more practical andcontext-based approach. Candidates need to prepare strategically, focusing on developing a strong foundationin basic language skills, exposing themselves to a wide range of materials, practicing regularly, and developing critical thinking skills. By doing so, they will be well-prepared to face the challenges of the exams and succeed in their professional careers.**2016年专业英语历年考试真题深度解析与备考策略**2016年对于专业英语考试来说，是一个具有里程碑意义的年份，因为这一年见证了一系列重大变革，重塑了考试格局。

2016年MPAcc管理类联考英语完形真题及解析2016年考研英语考试应经结束了，跨考小编为各位考生整理了2016年MPAcc管理类联考英语完形真题及解析，请参考！Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with –or even looking at –a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they cling to the phones, even without a __1__ on a subway.It’s a sad reality –our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings –because there’s __2__ to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn’t know it, __3__ into your phone. This universal protection sends the __4__:”Please don’t approach me.”What is it that makes us feel we need to hide __5__ our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, an executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be __6__ as “weird.”We fear we’ll be __7__. We fear we’ll be disruptive.Strangers are inherently__8__to us, so we are more likely to feel__9__when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this uneasiness, we_ 10_ to our phones.”Phones become our security blanket,”Wortmann says.”They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more __11___”But once we rip off the band-aid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn’t ___12___so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a __13___. They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow __14___.”When Dr. Epley and Ms.Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to __15___how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their __16___ would be more pleasant if they sat on their own,”The New York Timessummarizes. Though the participants didn’t expect a positive experience, after they __17__with the experiment,”not a single person reported having been embarrassed”__18__, these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those without communication, which makes absolute sense, ___19___human beings thrive off of social connections. It’s that ___20___: Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1. [A]signal [B]permit [C]ticket [D]record2. [A]nothing [B]little [C]another [D]much3. [A]beaten [B]guided [C]plugged [D]brought4. [A]sign [B]code [C]notice [D]message5. [A]under [B]behind [C]beyond [D]from6. [A]misapplied [B]mismatched [C]misadjusted [D]misinterpreted7. [A]replaced [B]fired [C]judged [D]delayed8. [A]unreasonable [B]ungrateful [C]unconventional [D]unfamiliar9. [A]comfortable [B]confident [C]anxious [D]angry10. [A]attend [B]point [C]take [D]turn11. [A]dangerous [B]mysterious [C]violent [D]boring12. [A]hurt [B]resist [C]bend [D]decay13. [A]lecture [B]conversation [C]debate [D]negotiation14. [A]passengers [B]employees [C]researchers [D]trainees15. [A]reveal [B]choose [C]predict [D]design16. [A]voyage [B]ride [C]walk [D]flight17. [A]went through [B]did away [C]caught up [D]put up18. [A]In turn [B]In fact [C]In particular [D]In consequence19. [A]unless [B]since [C]if [D]whereas20. [A]funny [B]logical [C]simple [D]rare参考答案及解析：1.【答案】A signal【解析】名词辨析。

2016考研英语二真题及答案(完整版)分析2016考研英语二真题及答案（完整版）分析令人期待的2016英语初试结束了，凯程教育的电话瞬间变成了热线，同学们兴奋地汇报自己的答题情况，几乎所有内容都在凯程考研集训营系统训练过，英语专业课难度与往年相当，答题的时候非常顺手，英语题型今年是选择题，阅读填空，作文。

相信凯程的学员们对此非常熟悉，预祝亲爱的同学们复试顺利。

英语分笔试、面试，如果没有准备，或者准备不充分，很容易被挂掉。

如果需要复试的帮助，同学们可以联系凯程老师辅导。

下面凯程英语老师把英语的真题全面展示给大家，供大家估分使用，以及2017年考英语的同学使用，本试题凯程首发，转载注明出处。

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）真题及答案（完整版）younger firms, which the authors 13 to "less confined decision making process" and the possible presence of younger and less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.'' The relationship was 15 stronger in places where happiness was spread more 16. Firms seem to invest more in places.17 this doesn't prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least 18 at that possibility. It's not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future. It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward -thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average," said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C]how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C]optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C]spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C]invented [D] assumed7. [A] sure [B] odd [C]unfortunate [D] often8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C]overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C]summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C]levels [D] methods11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C]reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D] compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C]ambitious [D] experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C]also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C]directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C]While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C]hints [D] strikes19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C]simplify [D] share20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send actSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosingA, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It's true that high-school coding classes aren't essential for learning computer science in college. Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses, said Tom Cortina, the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon's School of Computer Science.However, Cortina said, early exposure is beneficial. When younger kids learn computer science, they learn that it's not just a confusing, endless string of letters and numbers - but a tool to build apps, or create artwork, or test hypotheses. It's not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal. Giving more children thistraining could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap, Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college, where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim, which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School, where people pay to learn programming, started as one of the many coding bootcamps that's become popular for adults looking for a career change. The high-schoolers get the same curriculum, but "we try to gear lessons toward things they're interested in," said Victoria Friedman, an instructor. For instance, one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won't drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover, so the "Ruby on Rails" language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market. But the skills they learn - how to think logically through a problem and organize the results - apply to any coding language, said Deborah Seehorn, an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed, the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all. But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes. These kids are going to be surrounded by computers-in their pockets ,in their offices, in their homes -for the rest of their lives, The younger they learn how computers think, how to coax the machine into producing what they want -theearlier they learn that they have the power to do that -the better.21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to _______[A] complete future job training[B] remodel the way of thinking[C] formulate logical hypotheses[D] perfect artwork production22.In delivering lessons for high - schoolers , Flatiron has considered their________[A] experience[B] interest[C] career prospects[D] academic backgrounds23.Deborah Seehorn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will ________[A] help students learn other computer languages[B] have to be upgraded when new technologies come[C] need improving when students look for jobs[D] enable students to make big quick money24.According to the last paragraph, Flatiron students are expected to ______[A] bring forth innovative computer technologies[B] stay longer in the information technology industry[C] become better prepared for the digitalized world[D] compete with a future army of programmers25.The word "coax"(Line4,Para.6) is closest in meaning to ________[A] persuade[B] frighten[C] misguide[D] challengeText 2Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens---a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands-once lent red to the often grey landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States. But just some 22,000 birds remain today, occupying about 16% of the species 'historic range.The crash was a major reason the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened ."The lesser prairie chicken is in a desperate situation ," said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe. Some environmentalists, however, were disappointed. They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as "endangered," a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats .But Ashe and othersargued that the" threatened" tag gave the federal government flexibility to try out new, potentially less confrontational conservations approaches. In particular, they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments, which are often uneasy with federal action. and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95% of the prairie chicken's habitat.Under the plan, for example, the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businesses that unintentionally kill, harm, or disturb the bird, as long as they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat. Negotiated by USFWS and the states, the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyedwith 2 new acres of suitable habitat .The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat , USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 birds over the next 10 years .And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA), a coalition of state agencies, the job of monitoring progress. Overall, the idea is to let "states" remain in the driver 's seat for managing the species," Ashe said.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric. Some Congress members are trying to block the plan, and at least a dozen industry groups, four states, and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court. Not surprisingly, doesn't go far enough. "The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the birdto the same industries that are pushing it to extinction, " says biologist Jay Lininger.26.The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is____.[A]its drastically decreased population[B]the underestimate of the grassland acreage[C]a desperate appeal from some biologists[D]the insistence of private landowners27.The "threatened" tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_____.[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure[B]would involve fewer agencies in action[C]granted less federal regulatory power[D]went against conservation policies28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____.[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations29.According to Ashe, the leading role in managing the species in______.[A]the federal government[B]the wildlife agencies[C]the landowners[D]the states30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_______.[A]industry groups[B]the win-win rhetoric[C]environmental groups[D]the plan under challengeText 3That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché. But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient. The web's full of articles offering tips on making time to read: "Give up TV" or "Carry a book with you at all times." But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn't work. Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning-or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book's the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, "is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication…It is not simplythat one is interrupted; it is that one is actually inclined to interruption." Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact, "becoming more efficient" is part of the problem. Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally, judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal. Immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. "The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt," writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and "we feel a pressure to fill thesedifferent-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes) as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them." No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work? Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such ritualistic behaviour helps us "step outside time's flow" into "soul time." You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers. "Carry a book with you at all times" can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you're "making time to read," but justreading, and making time for everything else.31. The usual time-management techniques don't work because .[A] what they can offer does not ease the modern mind[B] what challenging books demand is repetitive reading[C] what people often forget is carrying a book with them[D] what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed32. The "empty bottles" metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to .[A] update their to-do lists[B] make passing time fulfilling[C] carry their plans through[D] pursue carefree reading33. Eberle would agree that scheduling regular times for reading helps .[A] encourage the efficiency mind-set[B] develop online reading habits[C] promote ritualistic reading[D] achieve immersive reading34. "Carry a book with you at all times" can work if .[A] reading becomes your primary business of the day[B] all the daily business has been promptly dealt with[C] you are able to drop back to business after reading[D] time can be evenly split for reading and business35. The best title for this text could be .[A] How to Enjoy Easy Reading[B] How to Find Time to Read[C] How to Set Reading Goals[D] How to Read ExtensivelyText 4Against a backdrop of drastic changes in economy and population structure,younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success, a latest poll has found.Across generational lines, Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life, including getting married, having children, owning a home, and retiring in their sixties. But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life, they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children,and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.From career to community and family, these contrasts suggest that in the aftermath of the searing Great Recession, those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life, from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics.Young and old converge on one key point: Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe it is harder for young people today to get started in life than it was for earlier generations. Whlie younger people are somewhat more optimistic than their elders about the prospects for those starting out today, big majorities in both groups believe those "just getting started in life" face a tougher agood-paying job, starting a family, managing debt, and finding affordable housing.Pete Schneider considers the climb tougher today. Schneider, a 27-yaear-old auto technician from the Chicago suburbs says he struggled to find a job after graduating from college. Even now that he is working steadily, he said." I can't afford to pay ma monthly mortgage payments on my own, so I have to rent rooms out to people to mark that happen." Looking back, he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college when he was young."I still grew up in an upper middle-class home with parents who didn't have college degrees,"Schneider said."I don't think people are capable of that anymore. "36. One cross-generation mark of a successful life is .[A] trying out different lifestyles[B] having a family with children[C] working beyond retirement age[D] setting up a profitable business37. It can be learned from Paragraph 3 that young people tend to .[A] favor a slower life pace[B] hold an occupation longer[C] attach importance to pre-marital finance[D] give priority to childcare outside the home38. The priorities and expectations defined by the young will .[A] become increasingly clear[B] focus on materialistic issues[C] depend largely on political preferences[D] reach almost all aspects of American life39. Both young and old agree that .[A] good-paying jobs are less available[B] the old made more life achievements[C] housing loans today are easy to obtain[D] getting established is harder for the young40. Which of the following is true about Schneider?[A] He found a dream job after graduating from college[B] His parents believe working steadily is a must for success[C] His parents' good life has little to do with a college degree[D] He thinks his job as a technician quite challengingPart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs (41-45). There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] Be silly[B] Have fun[C] Ask for help[D] Express your emotions.[E] Don't overthink it[F] Be easily pleased[G] Notice thingsAct Your Shoe Size, Not Your Age.(1) As adults, it seems that we're constantly pursuing happiness, often with mixed results. Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don't need self-help books or therapy.Instead, they look after their wellbeing instinctively and usually more effectively than we do as grownups. Perhaps it's time to learn a few lessons from them.41_____ [D] Express your emotions(2) What does a child do when he's sad? He cries. When he's angry? He shouts. Scared? Probably a bit of both. As we grow up, we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don't dictate our behaviours, which is in many ways a good thing. But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especially negative ones. That's about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill. What we feel appropriately and then-again, like children-move on.42______[F] Be easily pleasedA couple of Christmases ago, my youngest stepdaughter, who was 9 yearsold at the time, got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas. It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed, and couldn't bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content, but the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels. Instead, being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43_______[A] Be sillyHave you ever noticed how much children laugh? If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies, increase good hormones like endorphins, improve blood flow to our hearts and ever have a greater chance of fighting off infection. All of which would, of course, have a positive effect on our happiness levels.44______ [B] Have funThe problem with being a grownup is that there's an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work, mortgage payments, figuring out what to cook for dinner. But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it's important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love. Those things might be social, sporting, creative or completely random (dancing around the living room, anyone?)-it doesn't matter, so long as they're enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects, such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you're on a tight budget.45______ [E] Don't overthink itHaving said all of the above, it's important to add that we shouldn't try too hard to be happy. Scientists tell us this can back fire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinesephilosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said: "Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness." And in that, once more, we need to look to the example of our children, to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural byproduct of the way they live.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors. The reason for this is simple: The longer you stay in the store, the more stuff you'll see, and the more stuff you see, the more you'll buy. And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff. The average supermarket, according to the Food Marketing Institute, carries some 44,000 different items, and many carry tensof thousands more. The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload. According to brain-scan experiments, the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us. After about 40 minutes of shopping, most people stop struggling to be rationally selective, and instead began shopping emotionally-which is the point at which we accumulate the 50 percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.【参考译文】超市旨在吸引顾客在自己店内停留尽量长的时间。

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语[1A]考生须知1．选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷上的答案无效。

2．其他题一律用蓝色钢笔或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。

3．交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考生交卷的凭据）。

否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业硕士学位联考英语试卷1ASection I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In modern digital era, more and more people feel their lives are disturbed by the ill content which search engines link to their names and want to change it.Many European politicians are 1 to this feeling. Governments such as France and Britain have long allowed the deletion of criminal records in any 2 once punishment is 3 . The European Parliament has backed a 4 known as “a right to forgotten”, but to become law it would need the 5 of all the European Union’s 28 members states. Recently, as a advocate of “a right to forgotten”, Mr. Mosley has won the first round of a 6 battle in Germany to block his “dirty” images appearing on Google 7 there.8 , the right to be forgotten would also undermine the internet’s great strength. 9 ，the internet is similar to a library of unimaginable 10 –full, as all libraries are, of useful news, tips, document material 11 some stuff which may to different degrees be irrelevant, wrong or mad. Internet has made the best and worst of information more freely and readily 12 than ever before. Then, search engines should be 13 library catalogues and should be comprehensive and 14 , without fear or favor of what the contents may reveal, or of 15 they may be used.It should be the right of 16 , rather than governments or institutions, to distinguish what is right or wrong, useful or immaterial and factual or false. People should be 17 of giving the power to make that very 18 , even to a court that thinks hard about it and backs the disadvantaged mass. As James Madison 19 it: I believe there are more instances of the depriving of the freedom of the people by gradual and silent invasion of those in power than by 20 and violent seizure.1. A. indifferent B. sympathetic C. prudent D. ignorant2. A. searches B. explorers C. servers D. engines3. A. on B. out C. over D. off4. A schedule B. practice C. prospect D. campaign5. A. cooperation B. approval C. integration D. intelligence6. A. lateral B. literate C. liberal D. legal7. A. agent B. explorer C. search D. server8. A. Indeed B. However C. Therefore D. Moreover9. A. In turn B. In vain C. In particular D. In effect10. A. size B. roof C. home D. grade11. A. as well as B. as long as C. as far as D. as soon as12. A. available B. feasible C. eligible D. reasonable13. A. with B. like C. against D. among14. A. biased B. diverse C. neutral D. logical15. A. what B. which C. whether D. how16. A. inhabitants B. natives C. individuals D. peoples17. A. tired B. aware C. cautious D. fond18. A. contribution B. judgment C. opportunity D. option19. A puts B. makes C. carries D. lets20. A. random B. normal C. forceful D. sudenSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Lots of states would love to be California, having their own little Hollywood, and then film crews would come to town and spend money in hair salons and hotels. Last year, more than 40 states had incentives like huge tax credits to lure film producers, costing them a record $1.4 billion. Yet, the huge tax credits can be justified in no way.California is reluctant but has no way but to be in that game, with the assumption that it has to take actions to defend itself against the new-coming hunters. In 2003, when only a few states offered incentives, California made two-thirds of America’s big-studio films, but now it makes far fewer than half. Film LA, an organization that co-ordinates permits for film shoots in Los Angeles, says that without California’s own tax credit, “2010 would have been the worst year” since the mid-1990s for filming in Hollywood.All this costs money, which legislators volunteer on behalf of taxpayers. Many tax credits exceed the filmmaker’s total tax liability to that state. The credits have even become an industr y unto themselves. In Iowa some filmmakers were transferring their credits to others as transactions until the state shut its program in 2009. Last month an Iowa judge sentenced a producer to ten years in prison for cheating credits. Incentives do not necessarily have to call for the involvement of tax credits. Some states simplify the paperwork by just giving out cash and others remit film-makers from sales or hotel taxes or give them other subsidies.According to Joseph Henchman at the Tax Foundation, even when a state succeeds in luring film crews, they rarely boost the economy or tax revenues enough to justify the costs of the incentives. After all, film companies usually import their staff and export them again when the shoot is over, and thus the local jobs they create are mostly temporary. In addition, since virtually all statesare at it, the programs largely cancel out one another and no state gets a lasting advantage. The craze resembles a war with mutually destructive tariffs with its loopholes for every lobby and thus higher rates for all. The only winner is the film industry.It begins sinking in. Arizona, Arkansas, Idaho, Kansas, Maine, New Jersey and Washington have recently ended, suspended or shrunk their programs, and many others, struggling with budget deficits, intend to do the same, diverting the money into something permanent or even leaving it to taxpayers.21. The fact that California makes fewer films is mentioned to illustrate it ________.A. loses its advantages in film shoot technologiesB. does not regard film shoot as a main industryC. gives importance to the attack and defend gameD. is compelled to attract film crews with incentives22. According to paragraph 3, some filmmakers ______.A. are willing to shoulder some tax of taxpayersB. spend more in filmmaking to get subsidiesC. sell their tax credits for profits illegallyD. do not have to pay for their hotel fees23. According to paragraph 4, Joseph Henchman believes ______.A. film companies creates permanent employmentsB. it is not wise to attract film crews by incentivesC. film companies help local in imports and exportsD. film shootings create lasting advantage to a state24. By saying “It begins sinking in” (last paragraph), the author implies that ______.A. some states refuse to accept film shootingB. some states reduce the state deficitsC. some states reconsider attracting film shootingD. some states give in to California in films25. The most appropriate title for this text would be ______.A. Film Shooting: Hard to LoveB. Film Shooting: Thriving BusinessC. Film Shooting: Engine for DevelopmentD. Film Shooting: High-cost IndustryText 2More often than not, it appears, we are told that our American children’s poor performance in tests of math and science, and about new initiatives from universities or foundations to expand STEM courses and deemphasize the humanities. From President Obama on down, public officials have cautioned against pursuing degrees like art, language or history, which are seen as luxuries in today’s world and they contend that a liberal education is irrelevant, and technical training is the only new path forward. It is the only way, we are told, to ensure that Americans survive in an age defined by technology and shaped by global competition. If we are to find what Americans areunited in any conviction currently, it is that we urgently need to shift the country’s education toward the teaching of specific, technical skills.This dismissal of broad-based learning stems from a fundamental misinterpreting of the facts and puts America on a significantly dangerously narrow path for the future. A broad general education helps nurture critical thinking and creativity, and exposure to a variety of fields produces synergy and cross fertilization, which renders it possible that the United States has led the world in economic dynamism, innovation, entrepreneurship and other fields. When unveiling a new edition of the iPad, Jobs explained that “it’s in Apple’s DNA that technology al one is inadequate —that it’s technology married with liberal arts, married with the humanities, that yields us the result that makes our hearts sing.”In their well-known comprehensive research “The Race Between Education and Technology”, Harvard’s Cl audia Goldin and Lawrence Katz point out that in late 18th and 19th century, countries like Britain, France and Germany educated only a few and put them through narrow programs designed to impart only the skills crucial to their professions. America, by contrast, provided mass general education because people were not rooted in specific locations with long-established trades, and the American economy changed so quickly that the nature of work and the qualifications for above-average tended to vary from one generation to the next and people didn’t want to lock themselves into one professional guild for life.In truth, though, the United States has never done well on international tests, and they are not good predictors of our national success. Since 1964, when the first such exam was administered to 13-year-olds in 12 countries, America has lagged behind its peers, rarely rising above the middle of the pack and doing particularly poorly in science and math. Yet, over these past five decades, that same laggard country has dominated the world of science, technology, research and innovation.26. According to the text, the American society generally believe that ______.A. public servants in America are poor at humanitiesB. American education has to change its emphasisC. it’s hard currently to survive in the global competitionD. STEM courses are too difficult to get good text scores27. The quotation of Jobs in paragraph 2 is used to illustrate ______.A. comprehensive education is crucial for the U. S. to keep leadB. America’s education policies are misunderstood in the worldC. world leaders are advanced in critical thinking and creativityD. intermarriage is a well established trend in American society28. Claudia Goldin and Lawrence Katz’s study reveals that compared with other countries’, American’s education is more ______.A. formal in styleB. radical in contentC. variable in devicesD. desirable in design29. The American’s fast changing economy probably calls for people’s ______.A. loyalty to a particular profession they qualifyB. variable skills necessary for potential professionsC. outstanding acquisition of professional knowledgeD. proficiency in a certain skill needed for trade30. The author’s attitude toward the American’s present education is ______.A. skepticalB. biasedC. optimisticD. ironicText 3The number of people who believe they could be born poor, work hard and get rich is at a two-decade low in New York Times polling, further evidence of the fade of the long-held idea of the American Dream. Over the past decade of the Times asking the same question, the proportion of respondents with the belief of starting off impoverished and achieving rich has steadily declined.Another low appeared in the poll conducted in 1983, and this low is worth exploring. It occurred right during a grievous economic recession and unemployment nationwide was over 10 percent and had touched the high teens or even low 20s in some states. In Ronald Reagan's 1983 State of the Union address,he began this way: "As we gather here tonight, the state of our Union is strong, but our economy is stagnant. For too many of our fellow citizens – farmers, steel and auto workers, lumbermen, black teenagers, working mothers – this is a painful period." Of course, 1983 was also a turn-around year for the economy. By year's end, the unemployment rate had dipped by almost two points and Reagan’s reelection a year later went from questionable to certain.It's easy to acknowledge that there exists direct correlation between people not having faith in the American Dream and prolonged periods of economic struggle. Whether the current slow recovery is what's to blame for the extended pessimistic mentalities or whether we, as a country, have simply entered a different stage in our relationship with the idea of the American Dream, remains a question.However, asking people whether they can be born poor and get rich through hard work is not, for everyone, a definition of the American Dream, and "rich" and "successful" are not synonymous. So there may well be people who believe you can be born to humble circumstances and achieve success who don't buy into the poor/rich dynamic presented in the Times questionnaire. In addition, comparing people who say they believe you can be born poor and get rich to people who say things either will or won't be better for future generations isn't apples to apples.There seem to be a dip in the twin ideas that a) the country is moving, inexorably, in a better direction and b) the opportunity to succeed exists for all of us (mostly) equally. That presents a major challenge for some politicians who have spent the last two decades leaning too heavily on what now looks like a somewhat outdated idea of not only the American Dream but whether it can be achieved.31. We can learn from paragraph 1 that ______.A. people from poor families are gradually losing faith in American DreamB. people born to different eras hold different opinions of American dreamC. people believe they are able to realize their dreams by working harderD. people born to rich families get rich more easily than those to poor ones32. According to the text, which of the following is true about 1983’s America?A. Unemployment rate reached historical peak.B. Reagan achieved success in general reelection.C. Fellow citizens were short of life necessities.D. Economy began to recover from former recession.33. According to paragraph 3, it’s hard to decide whether ________.A. lengthy economic recession destroys American DreamB. period of economic recovery pace affects people’s attitudeC. the US has entered a different era of economic growthD. people’s relation loosens during economic recessions34. The author’ attitude toward Times questionnaires is _________.A. positiveB. objectiveC. skepticalD. ironic35. According to the author, some politicians should _________.A. stick to their belief in American DreamB. pursue realization of American dreamC. rely on the ideal of American DreamD. update their idea of American DreamText 4Mention price cartels and many people will think of big, visible ones like the one OPEC runs to fix oil prices and the now-extinct one for diamonds. Nevertheless, at least as damaging are the many insidious cartels in such unattractive areas as ball-bearings and cargo rates, which go unnoticed for years, quietly pushing up the end cost to consumers of all manner of goods and services.Alliances or collusion among manufacturers to manipulate prices and carve up markets is thriving, with the cartels growing ever more complex and global in scope. A Competition Committee’s investigation have uncovered several big conspiracies, including one in which more than 20 airlines worldwide had fixed prices on perhaps 20 billion of freight shipments. They were fined a total of 3 billion. One academic study conducted by the Committee revealed that the typical cartel raised the price of the goods or services in question by 20%.Investigators are still addressing the problem of a huge global cartel network among suppliers of wide range of car parts. Makers of seat belts, radiators and foam seat-stuffing have had substantial fine imposed on them. Earlier this month, the European Council fined five makers of automotive bearings a total of 953m. This week its investigators raided a bunch of makers of car exhausts. Also in recent days, Brazilian officials have charged executives from a dozen foreign train-makers accused of m anipulating bids for rail and subway contracts in the country’s main cities.Anyway, we there are reasons to be optimistic because enforcement has got tougher, smarter, more coordinated, and thus more effective and efficient. Gone are the days when price-fixers got a slap on the wrist. Firms are likely to expect severe fines and bosses are likely to go to jail. Whilemany cartels now operate across boarders, so do investigators. American and Japanese bureau joined forces to flush out the car parts cartels. And incentives for whistle blowers have also increased: around 50 countries now offer immunity or reduced penalties for informers.The best study of the issue so far concluded that, given the still low risk of detection, price alliance manipulation pays. Yet, The preferable answer is stiffer prison sentences, particularly for senior executives. American courts, only too ready to lock up other types of offenders for a long time, have rarely jailed wicked price-fixers for anything like the maximum of ten years that the legislation allows. Or, the other way? Beyond a certain point – which the fines now imposed by American and European regulators have probably reached – fines constitute so much damage on guilty companies that they undermine competition rather than enhance it.36. The best title of the text probably is _________.A. Breaking Overlooked Price-fix AlliancesB. Establishing Proper Price-fix MechanismC. Reversing the Recent Price Rising TrendD. Sustaining the Present Cost of Consumers37. According to paragraph 2, A Competition Committee _________.A. protected 20 airlines from price discriminationB. fixed the prices of airline freight shipmentsC. determined the prices of goods and servicesD. found some companies united to fix prices38. According to the text, punishment of price monopoly has involved all the following industries EXCEPT _________.A. aviationB. tourismC. automobileD. railway39. By “Gone are the days … the wrist” (paragraph 3), the author implies price-fixers _________.A. will possibly be preventedB. are getting less efficientC. employ reliable informersD. cooperate with each other40. The author advocates stiffer prison sentence of price-fixers because _________.A. criminals have to be sentenced to prison longB. laws allow sentence of price-fixers to prisonC. this alternative way helps protect competitionD. price offenders deserve longer imprisonmentPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the left column. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The first question people ask me when they learn that my husband lost his job, our house went underwater and we went from middle class to barely working poor during the 2008 economic crisis is: How did you stay together?It always struck me as a strange question. But it’s actually a reasonable one. Overall, America’s divorce rate has fallen. But like many things, the poor have not reaped the benefits of this trend. The number of married, college-educated couples splitting by their seventh anniversary has dropped from more than 20 percent in the early 1980s to just 11 percent today.Why this discrepancy? To start, money is a major source of tension for all couples. And less money can equal more problems. Raevan Zayas stays at home with her 1-year-old baby in California while her husband struggles at a low-paying job. “I can’t afford child care to go to work. We can barely afford groceries. Our kid needs new shoes and clothes, and I can’t remember the last time Isaac and I did something nice together,” she said. “Our relationship is so stra ined. How are you supposed to work through the problems in your relationship when you’re worried about how you’re going to buy milk for your kid?”University of Michigan economist Justin Wolfers said he’s also found that working-class families have more stringent views about men as providers and that the economy has shifted so that those without college degrees have more trouble finding such work, which contributes not only to financial hardship but also to relationship stress. As Johns Hopkins sociologist Andrew Cherbin explains: “I’ve looked at the marriage gap between men with high- and low-earning occupations, and it varies directly with the amount of economic inequality in the country.Two-thirds of all divorces are initiated by women, according to Bill Doherty, professor of family social science at the University of Minnesota. In the 1960s and ’70s, he said, highly educated mothers got divorced at about the same rate of less educated mothers. Doherty theorizes that the reason for this has something to do with the changing expectations women have for their partners. “What we have is historically high expectations for what young people call a 50-50 marriage,” he said. “People are looking for a high-intimacy, high-income marriage where both partners contribute, regardless of income bracket.Cece Azadi of Alabama said the anticipations that working-class couples have of each other shouldn’t be unrealistic. It’s not that she needed a man to provide for her, she said, she simply wanted a partner who would work with her rather than against her. “With my first divorce, poverty was an issue, for sure,” she said. “He kept working and quitting, and eventually I realized that since I was the only reliable person in the family making money, there wasn’t m uch reason to hold onto the marriage.”Examples like this ring especially true during periods of high inequality. As we came out of the recession, unemployment levels dropped from their historic highs, but more so for women than men.In the summer of 2013, about 7.5 percent of men over age 20 were unemployed, compared with 6.5 percent of women, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.The workforce has also polarized, with high- and low-income jobs increasing, and middle-income jobs that men without a college degree previously performed disappearing.Section III Translation46. Directions:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)120 presidents and prime ministers will gather in New York for a UN conference on climate change. It is the first time the subject has brought so many leaders together since the ill-fated Copenhagen summit of 2009. Now, as then, they will assert that reining in global warming is a political priority. Some may commit their governments to policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions.According to scientists, cutting carbon-dioxide emission is an essential part of reducing catastrophic risk from climate change. Yet governments are persistently reluctant to provide estimates of how much carbon a policy saves. That may because, in countries where climate change is controversial, it makes more sense to talk about the other benefits a scheme offers rather than its effect on carbon. Or it may be that, in countries which are enthusiastic about renewable energy, pointing out that it may not save that much carbon is seen as unhelpful. Or perhaps governments think climate change is so serious that all measures must be taken, regardless of cost.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions: You are supposed to write for the Postgraduate’s Association a notice to rec ruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization. The notice should include the basic qualifications for applicants and the other information which you think is relative.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your own but use “Postgraduate’s Association” at the end of the letter.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48.Directions: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart:1) interpret the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write at least 150 words. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)十年间城镇居民上下班交通方式变化图。

2016年考研英语（一）真题（word版）SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections：Read the following text。

Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。

（10 points）In Cambodia，the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male。

It may involve not only his parents and his friends，_1_ those of the young woman，but also a matchmaker。

A young man can __2_ a likely spouse on his own andthen ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations，or the young man‘sparents may make the choice of a spouse，giving the child little to say in theselection。

4，a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen。

5aspouse has been selected，each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family。

The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair。

Formerly it lasted three days，_ 7 _ by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half。

2016考研英语（二）完整版真题及详细解析（跨考教育-文字版）Section 1 Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Happy people work differently. They’re more pro ductive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence__1__firm’s work, too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.__2__, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking__3__for making investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the__4__and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would__5__the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness__6__by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.__7__enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were__8__.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities__9__why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various__10__that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was__11__to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally__12__even after accounting for these things.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors__13__to “less codified decision making process”and the possible presence of “younger and less__14__managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.” The relationship was__15__stronger in places where happiness was spread more__16__.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality.__17__ this d oesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least__18__at that possibility. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help__19__how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and__20__R&D more than the average,” said one researcher.1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion3. [A] sufficient [B] famous [C] perfect [D] necessary4. [A] individualism [B] modernism [C] optimism [D] realism5. [A] echo [B] miss [C] spoil [D] change6. [A] imagined [B] measured [C] invented [D] assumed7. [A] Sure [B] Odd [C] Unfortunate [D] Often8. [A] advertised [B] divided [C] overtaxed [D] headquartered9. [A] explain [B] overstate [C] summarize [D] emphasize10. [A] stages [B] factors [C] levels [D] methods11. [A] desirable [B] sociable [C] reputable [D] reliable12. [A] resumed [B] held [C]emerged [D] broke13. [A] attribute [B] assign [C] transfer [D]compare14. [A] serious [B] civilized [C] ambitious [D]experienced15. [A] thus [B] instead [C] also [D] never16. [A] rapidly [B] regularly [C] directly [D] equally17. [A] After [B] Until [C] While [D] Since18. [A] arrives [B] jumps [C] hints [D] strikes19. [A] shape [B] rediscover [C] simplify [D] share20. [A] pray for [B] lean towards [C] give away [D] send out1. [标准答案] [C]how[考点分析] 连词辨析[选项分析] 根据语境，“新发现表明：快乐可能会影响工作__的稳定。

2016考研英语历年真题2016考研英语历年真题：Introduction:The 2016 Graduate Entrance Exam (also known as the 2016考研) is an important milestone for students in China pursuing higher education. The English language section is a crucial part of the exam, which tests the candidates' proficiency in reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar, and writing skills. In this article, we will analyze and discuss the 2016考研英语历年真题 (2016 Graduate Entrance Exam English language section), providing insights and strategies for future test takers.Section 1: Reading ComprehensionReading comprehension is one of the most challenging parts of the 2016考研英语历年真题. Candidates are required to read a passage and answer a series of questions based on the information presented. The passages cover a wide range of topics, such as science, technology, economics, and literature. To excel in this section, candidates need to enhance their reading skills, improve vocabulary, and practice answering comprehension questions effectively. Additionally, developing an efficient reading strategy, such as skimming and scanning, can significantly improve one's performance in this section.Section 2: Vocabulary and GrammarThe vocabulary and grammar section of the 2016考研英语历年真题tests the candidates' understanding and usage of English words and sentencestructures. It is crucial for candidates to expand their vocabulary by studying word lists, reading extensively, and practicing with sample questions. Furthermore, understanding the grammatical rules and structures can help candidates to better comprehend and construct sentences. Dedicate time to practicing different grammar exercises and taking practice tests to improve your performance in this section.Section 3: Writing SkillsThe writing skills section of the 2016考研英语历年真题 evaluates the candidates' ability to express their thoughts and ideas in coherent and well-structured essays. Candidates are given a topic or a prompt and are required to write an essay within a specified time limit. To excel in this section, candidates should practice essay writing regularly, focusing on organization, logical reasoning, and effective use of language. Developing a strong thesis statement, providing relevant examples, and demonstrating critical thinking skills are essential for scoring well in this section.Conclusion:The 2016考研英语历年真题 is a challenging examination that requires diligent preparation and practice. By focusing on improving reading comprehension, vocabulary and grammar, as well as writing skills, candidates can enhance their performance and increase their chances of success. Continuous practice, the use of effective study strategies, and seeking guidance from experienced instructors or tutors can greatly contribute to achieving a satisfactory score in the exam. Good luck to all future test takers!。

16年考研英语真题Examining the 2016 Graduate School Entrance Examination English TestThe 2016 Graduate School Entrance Examination English Test was a crucial assessment for aspiring students. This article will analyze the exam and explore the key components and challenges faced by the candidates. Throughout the article, we will delve into the specific sections of the test, providing an overview of their content to further understand the exam structure.Part I: Reading ComprehensionThe reading comprehension section assessed candidates' ability to comprehend written information. It consisted of several passages followed by a series of questions. The overall difficulty level was moderate, requiring candidates to possess strong reading and analytical skills.The passages covered a wide range of topics, including technology, literature, and science. Candidates had to identify main ideas, infer implicit meanings, and comprehend the author's tone and purpose. This section aimed to test the students' overall reading abilities, encouraging critical thinking and effective information processing.Part II: TranslationThe translation section evaluated candidates' proficiency in translating English sentences into Chinese, as well as Chinese sentences into English.This section aimed to assess the students' language skills and their ability to transfer meaning accurately between two distinct languages.The questions in this section varied in complexity, requiring candidates to exhibit a comprehensive understanding of grammar, vocabulary, and sentence structure. Accuracy and fluency were vital to successfully complete the translation tasks.Part III: Listening ComprehensionThe listening comprehension section gauged candidates' ability to understand spoken English in various contexts. It consisted of a series of audio recordings, each followed by a set of questions. This section aimed to assess the students' listening skills, focusing on their ability to comprehend information accurately and retain key details.The recordings varied in nature, including lectures, conversations, and interviews. Candidates had to follow the audio content and answer questions related to the main ideas, specific details, and implied meanings. Active listening skills, such as note-taking and understanding the context, were crucial for success in this section.Part IV: WritingThe writing section tested candidates' ability to express themselves effectively in written English. They were required to complete two writing tasks: an essay and a short answer. The essay task prompted students to present their opinions on a given topic, while the short answer required a concise and direct response to a specific question.The essay task encouraged students to showcase their critical thinking skills, persuasive writing abilities, and coherence in organizing ideas. The short answer task assessed their ability to provide concise responses, showcasing their efficiency in expressing thoughts with limited word counts.ConclusionThe 2016 Graduate School Entrance Examination English Test encompassed various sections designed to evaluate candidates' reading, writing, listening, and translation skills. The exam aimed to select the most qualified applicants who possessed a strong command of the English language.By analyzing the different sections of the exam, we have gained insight into the overall structure and requirements of the test. Understanding the expectations and challenges of the exam is crucial for future applicants. Through diligent preparation and practice, candidates can enhance their chances of success in the Graduate School Entrance Examination English Test.。

2016年学位课统考真题(A卷)Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points)Section A ( 1 point each)1. A Beauty has advantages and disadvantages.B. Beauty has different meanings to different people.C. Beauty brings attention and opportunities.D. Beauty comes from action and good qualities.2. A. She is using the book now.B. She may give him a hand.C. She can’t lend him the book.D. She will keep the book for him.3. A Rachel lives fairly close to her.B Rachel visits her quite often.C Rachel comes here once a month.D Rachel rarely gets to see her.4. A She forgot about the time change.B She didn’t receive the text messageC Her roommate forgot to give her the message.D Her roommate was too nervous to tell her.5. A He should have got better grades.B The test was based on lecture material.C She misplaced her textbook.D Small luck plays a big role.6. A On the 16th of June.B. On the 18th of June.C On the 9th of June.D On the 8th of June.7. A. Go to sleep.B. Watch the movie later.C Change the channel.D Set the alarm clock.8. A Wear a formal suit.B Wear casual clothes.C Dress up for the party.D Dress in a costume.9. A. She likes to drink coffee.B She rarely wakes up early.C She needs tea to feel alert.D She always skips breakfast.Section BMini-talk One10. A Southern Europe.B United Arab EmiratesC. North Africa.D. The United States.11. A The wings B The tail C The windowsD The engines12. A To change the airplane industryB To make a trip in a tiny plane.C. To overcome weather issues.D To prove the power of new energy sources.Mini-talk Two13. A Feeling sleepy at work.B Feeling sad or depressedC Feeling unable to think clearly.D Feeling tired in the morning.14. A Time zone change.B An extra hour of sleepC Travel by air far distancesD Unmatched work schedule and lifestyle15. A Nighttime work is hard on some of the workers.B Early risers have litter improvement in wellbeing.C A better rest can benefit employers financially.D Workers report the same level of improvement.Section C16. Choose clothing that fits the employer’s ______(2 words) and keep yourself clean and tidy.17. Leave your house in _____(3 words) to arrive at least 15 minutes early for your interview.18. Firmly ____(2 words) , right hand only, even if you’re left-handed.19. If the interviewer seems distracted, lighten the atmosphere by telling an ____(3 words) story about your qualifications.20. If you don’t understand a question orstatement, ask the interviewer to ____(3 words) it.Part II. V ocabulary ( 10 minutes, 10 points) Section A (0.5 points)21. Digital technology can be used to alleviate the harmful side effects brought about by farming.A intensifyB reduceC triggerD convert22. It is believed that any improvement in water efficiency would be of considerable benefit .A enormousB marginalC potentialD beneficial23. Materials science is rapidly transforming the way that everything from cars to light bulbs is made.A enhancingB multiplyingC alteringD pursuing24. The economy of the United States is probably the envy of the world, and its armedforces are unrivalled.A unmatchedB ungrounded D undefined D unpurified25. The central government of China has set about boosting the consumption of greener energy.A discardedB demandedC cancelledD initiated26. Her voice had a peculiarly engaging quality; it was deep, a little husky, and one always heard the breath vibrating behind it.A appealingB disgustingC emergingD painstaking27. Purchase of a second-hand house is a difficult problem that requires careful assessment.A predictionB evaluationC elaborationD assimilation28. A number of ingenious techniques are employed to make the workmanship more delicate.A recruitedB hiredC adopted Dcreated29. The business will show a profit in September provided that sales remain steady all summer.A as soon asB on condition thatC in order thatD by the time30. The miners who had been stuck underground for days were taken to a hospital right away.A for the time beingB behind the timesC at timesD in no timeSection B (0.5 point each)31. Some infectious diseases, such as AIDS, take a heavy___on human immunity.A impactB lossC tollD casualty32. Because of poor grammar, some sentences in research papers by Chinese students seem ___to the reviewers.A incomprehensibleB inedibleC inestimableD irreplaceable33. Almost each college student is equippedwith a cell phone, laptop and other electronic ____A galaxiesB ornamentsC utensilsD gadgets34. Running for president is ____ demanding , emotionally draining, and physically taxing.A incoherentlyB intellectuallyC intimatelyD invalidly35. The common pattern of human influence on tropical rainforest is a ____ of the habitat into smaller patches.36. State leaders of each generation have to think about how to ___complicated economic issues.A adoreB assembleC addressD alienate37. In 2008, Sarkozy threatened to boycott the Olympic Games in Beijing, ___kowtow shortly afterwards by promising never to interfe re with China’s affairs.A only toB so as toC as toD prior to38. New methods of irrigation can reducewater consumption by roughly 30%____conventional systems.A but forB compared withC related toD other than39. As long as you are pursuing your dream, your efforts will eventually ____.A wear offB pay offC ward offD turn off40. The younger you begin ____, the easier it is to remain physically active throughout your life.A setting outB figuring outC running outD working outPart III Cloze Test ( 10 minutes, 10 points, 1 point each)A college education is completely necessary for each of us, but we have to ask what it –41—to get into college? High school grades and standardized tests are still the most common measurements. –42—this information is often considered alongsideother sources of information, other indicators of college potential are typically not considered if high school grades and standardized test scores don’t reach a certain –43---.Even though standardized test scores do predict –44—performance and job performance, relying so heavily on these scores is problematic –45—a number of reasons. For one, studies have found that the SAT is a better predictor of college performance for white students. –46—reason is that other key skills are neglected that contribute to life success, defined more –47—than merely the capacity for academic learning, including active learning –48--, natural motivation, social-emotional intelligence, imagination and creativity. Creativity and imagination are particularly important skills in this century, --49—how quickly this world is changing. This world needs people who are not only quick learners,but also reflective learners as well as –50--- of new knowledge.41.A.means B takes C seems D likes42.A. But B However C While D Yet43.A.standard B destination C aspect D perspective44.A physical B artistic C mechanical D academic45.A because of B due to C for D owing to46.A The second B A second C Second D The other47.A broadly B narrowly C usually D strictly48.A outcomes B advantages C qualifications D strategies49.A concerning B regarding C considering D involving50.A applicants B creators C witnesses D successorsApply, application, applicantSucceed, successive, succeeding , successorsContinual , continuous80 Years has witnessed the ups and downs of ……Standard, level, criteriaWater table, water levelHigh level, low levelDesign criteriaStandard for designPart IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 point each)Passage OneA year ago, my boss announced that our large New York ad agency would be moving to an open office. After nine years as a seniorwriter, I was forced to trade in my private office for a seat at a long, shared table. It felt like my boss had ripped off my clothes and left me standing in my underwear.However, about 70 percent of U.S. offices now have no or low partitions. Silicon Valley has been the leader in bringing down the dividers. Google, Yahoo and American Express are all adherents. Facebook designed the largest open floor plan in the world, housing nearly 3,000 engineers.Adhere to …These new floor plans are ideal for maximizing a company’s space while minimizing costs. Bosses love the ability to keep a closer eye on their employees, ensuring movie-watching, constant social media-browsing and unlimited personal cellphone use isn’t occupying billing hours. While employees feel like they’re part of a relaxed, innovative enterprise, theenvironment ultimately damages workers’attention spans, creativity and satisfaction. Furthermore, a sense of privacy boosts job performance, while the opposite can cause feeling of helplessness. In addition to the distractions, my colleagues and I have been more vulnerable to illness. Last flu season took down a succession of my co-workers like dominoes.As the new space intended, I’ve formed interesting, unexpected bonds with my colleagues. But my personal performance at work has hit an all-time low. Each day, my associates and I are seated at a table staring at each other, having an ongoing 12-person conversation from 9 a.m to 5 p.m. those who have worked in private offices for decades have proven to be the most noisy and tough. They haven’t had to consider how their loud habits affect others, so I can only work effectively during times when no one else is around, or if I isolate myself in one of thesmall, constantly sought-after, glass-windowed meeting rooms.To make the open-office model work, employers have to take measures to improve work efficiency. For one, they should create more private areas----ones without open windows. Also, they should implement rules on when interaction should be limited. And please, let’s eliminate the music that blankets our workspaces. Companies could simply join another trend----allowing employees to work from home. That model boosts productivity, with employees working more hours and taking fewer breaks. There are fewer interruptions when employees work remotely. At home, my greatest distraction is the refrigerator.51. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?A The author enjoyed working in an open office.B This open-office model has gainedpopularity.C Companies are compelled to shift to an open office.D Google and Yahoo refuse to go along with the trend.52. Large open floor plans can help bosses to ____A reduce investment in research.B show movies to workers in the officeC supervise co-workers’ conversations.D restrict the use of personal cell phones.53. According to Paragraph 4, an open office ____A can benefit workers’ mental health.B brings no relaxation to workers at all.C adversely affects productivity and health.D contribute to better productivity .54. It can be concluded from Paragraph 5 that in an open office ___A fellow workers are likely to spend a long time talking.B one’s personal performance can beimproved easily.C work efficiency can be ensured amid frequent interaction.D most of the workers can easily become close friends.55. The last sentence of this passage suggests that the author___A can hardly concentrate on his work at home.B often suffers from the noise of the refrigerator.C works more efficiently at home than in the open office.D has nobody to talk to while working at home.56. The central idea of this passage is that the open-office model___A should be highly recommended.B is destroying the workplace.C is more of a blessing than a curse.D proves to be quite innovativePassage TwoThe mosquito-borne Zika virus, which has spread to 22 countries in the Americas, is terrifying to pregnant women and their partners. The virus may cause birth defects in babies whose mothers were infected during pregnancy. In Brazil more than 4,000 have been born with abnormally small heads since last October, compared with fewer than 200 in a typical year. The response of several governments has triggered a debate about abortion and birth control which may outlast the outbreak itself.OutbreakBreak outStudent-leading movementStudent-led movement.Input, output , outset, outskirts, outspread, uphold,Outgrow, outlastMan-eating society , man-eaten societyMan-made satelliteSound-producing insectsIt started after some governments advised women to delay getting pregnant. Colombia, which has the second-highest number of infections after Brazil, advised women to wait six to eight months. Jamaica issued a similar recommendation, even though no cases of Zika have yet been reported there. El Salvador’s government suggested that women should delay pregnancy until 2018. Panama warned women from vulnerable communities not to conceive.Some women find this advice rather bossy. Others say that governments have done little to help women control their fertility. A lobby group in New York notes that rates of teenage pregnancy in Latin America are among theworld’s highest, as 56% of pregnancies in Latin America and the Caribbean are unintended.Rates of accidental pregnancy are high because sex education is inadequate and birth control is hard to come by. Health workers are reluctant to prescribe contraceptives to teenagers or to women who have not yet given birth. If women are to avoid pregnancy, governments must inform them better and provide more access to contraception for both men and women.Some argue that the Zika crisis should prompt countries to liberalize policies that severely restrict abortion. In El Salvador, which does not allow abortion even if a woman’s life is at risk, activists are stepping up their campaign for a change in the law. A Brazilian newspaper argued that Brazil should end its ban on most abortions.Rather than calling on women to delay pregnancy, Brazil is sensibly concentrating itsefforts on the mosquito responsible, which also carries dengue and yellow fever. The country had stamped out the threat by 1958 but let down its guard and allowed it to return. The health minister announced that insect repellent will be distributed to 400,000 expectant mothers. Some 310,000 health workers are teaching people how to keep mosquitoes at bay. Following WHO guidelines, Brazil advises women contemplating pregnancy on how to avoid getting bitten by mosquitoes. Women need facts, not fertility targets.57. The first paragraph is primarily concerned with ___A the harm done by the Zika virus.B abortion and birth controlC the response of some countries.D the origin of the Zika virus .58. The rate of infections with the Zika virus is the highest in ___A ColombiaB BrazilC Jamaica DPanama59. Rates of accidental pregnancy are high in Latin America because of the following except ___A insufficient sex education or information on pregnancy.B the reluctance to prescribe contraceptives to teenagers.C poor accessibility of birth control for men and women.D the extremely low rate of marriage in some countries.60. Which of the following is true according to this passage?A Abortion is strictly prohibited in the whole of Latin America.B Activists in El Salvador are fighting for the right to abortion.C Brazil has managed to eliminate the mosquito responsible.D Most women have been convinced of the advice by governments.61. The underlined words in the last paragraph probably mean ____A stay away from mosquitoesB try to make mosquitoes extinctC confine mosquitoes to the beachD culture some new mosquitoes62. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A How to Contain the Zika Virus?B health during PregnancyC To Breed, or not to BreedD Measures of Birth ControlCheck :Passage ThreeAfter a jury convicted ex-Virginia Governor, Bob McDonnell, I wrote an op-ed calling attention to the “real stars”of the McDonnell case. It is easy to get distracted by the sensational details of the new case, but it would be better to focus on the big picture.Ex-husband …Ex-president. Late-presidentVice-president ….Deputy-presidentProfessor, associate-professor , lecturer , assistant …The judge convicted him of robbery.The judge convicted him to 15 years’imprisonment.Convince convincing factsAssure sb of sth , assure sb that clause ….I assure him of my honesty .I assure him that I am honest. Integrity, integration( integrate…) =combineIrritation, irrigation =waterConvince sb of sth = convince sb that clause….Assure, ensure, insure,I insured 1000 yuan against unexpected injury.Guarantee ….Ensure = make sure ….To ensure that the meeting goes smoothly, we have made full arrangement.To see(to it) that …=to make sure …American politicians face a harsh reality. The average Senate campaign costs more than $10 million! Point the FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation) at any elected official, and I suspect it can uncover a contributor who received special treatment: a meeting with staff here, a call to an agency there. None of it is necessarily illegal.Americans are not only allowed to give money to politicians. The Supreme Court hassaid they have a constitutional right to spend money on campaign. Elected officials, in turn, have the freedom to decide which calls they answer, what meetings they arrange, how to craft legislation and whom it benefits.It could be, then, that what set McDonnell apart from other politicians is not the alleged illegality of his conduct, but that the FBI took such a hard look at him. Thankfully, the FBI’s interest doesn’t appear to be political. More likely, agents became interested in these cases like they get interested in lots of things; they happened upon public corruption while looking into something else. The FBI reportedly was investigating Jonnie Williams’company for securities fraud when it stumbled upon his gifts to McDonnell.There are two important lessons here, one for politicians and one for the rest of us. The politicians need to distance themselves from their rich donors. Ethics aside, it is simply too risky to take contributions and gifts frompeople whose interests you intend to advance. Better to lose an election than to go to federal prison.Everyone else should start thinking about prosecutorial power to act. It’s bad enough that our political system seems to be populated with criminals. We should also worry about how prosecutors choose among them to decide whom to imprison.Random selection, which appears to explain the McDonnell case, is the least of our worries. The real concern is politically motivated prosecutions, which are made all too easy in a system flush with cash and regulated by flexible public corruption laws. Sadly in a pay-to-play political system, once FBI agents direct their investigative power at a particular politicians, the likelihood of a federal accusation may only depend on how hard they look.Hit-and-run63. In the first paragraph, “the big picture”probably refers to ____A the details of the McDonnell caseB the political system in the US.C. the economic situation in the US D other officials involved in this case.64. Which of the following is true about the McDonnell case?A McDonnell has turned out to be innocent.B He gave expensive gifts to Jonnie Williams.C The FBI happened to find his criminality.D The FBI’s investigation is politically motivated.65. The lesson that politicians should learn from the case of McDonnell is to ___.A stay away from wealthy donorsB work in the interests of rich donors.C forget about ethics when with rich donorsD make friends with many rich donors.66. The last paragraph implies that in theAmerican political system___A there are few corrupt politiciansB money plays a minor roleC random selection is a big concernD it is easy to spot cases of corruption67 This passage is primarily concerned with _____in the United States.A ways to keep governance cleanB the responsibilities of the FBIC the political corruption problemD the role of money in legal matters68. The attitude of the author towards the American political system is ___A curiousB criticalC appreciativeD indifferentPassage FourThe fourth and final article from Sheryl Sandberg and Adam Grant in The New York Times’“Women at Work”series appeared today; it is as misguided as the previous three have been, bordering on offensive. Do wereally need Sandberg telling men that if they do a load of laundry now and then, they might get lucky? Yes, that is an exact point in the article. To quote: A man was asked by his wife one night to do a load of laundry. He picked up the basket and asked hopefully, “Is this lean in laundry?”The bigger issue with the entire New York Times series is that rather than focusing on the abilities of women, all they’ve done is offer studies and statistics pointing out how bad things are, then asking men to change that. It is so disappointing that Sandberg and Grant keep repeating the same point---“Hey, guys, help the poor girls out!” They continue to tell men that they should do more office chores, let women speak at work, use the same criteria for evaluating female managers as male ones. It’s all about men and what they need to do to boost up ladies.The tone of these articles also implies that every successful woman was somehow given ashot by some man. Most successful women I know weren’t given anything. They earned it. And when they didn’t get it even after earning it, they struggled and seized it. It is so unproductive for women to repeat that the workplace needs to change to reward us. How about if women change? Why don’t we start behaving in ways that will get us rewarded in the workplace?Whenever I speak or write about equality for women in the workplace, I never address what men need to do differently. Men have no incentive to do anything differently. This system is working for them, and if women want to compete in male-dominated fields, we need to develop the instincts and attitudes what will get us rewarded in those fields. Women don’t have to “behave like men,” but we can make the changes needed to be recognized and promoted without asking them for the scraps. We should not stamp our feet and demand that men help us get there. Afterall, no woman has to lean in when she’s standing at the head of the table.69. What does the author of this passage think of the article mentioned in the first paragraph?A misleadingB instructiveC amusingD paradoxical70. The author believes that the problem with this New York Time s series is that is ___A overemphasizes mutual help between males and females.B elaborates on the advantages of males over femalesC suggests the two sexes be evaluated in the same way.D ignores what women can do for themselves.71.The main idea of the third paragraph is that ____A women have to adapt to the work environment.B there is a man behind each successful woman.C workplace should be changed to reward women.D women become successful on their own.72. In the last paragraph, the author of this passage suggests that ___A men start to do things differently for women’s sake.B women ask men for help whenever necessary.C women become independent and self-reliant.D women stop competing with men at work.73. Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A Women-Stop ‘Leaning” and Start LeadingB Men-Be Helpful at Home and at Work.C Men and Women—Who Is Superior?D Men and Woman—How Different Are They?74. The author seems to be _____ these articles by Sheryl Sandberg and Adam Grant.A interested inB critical about Cconvinced by D encouraged byPassage FiveImagine a world without alcohol sponsorship of sport and without drinks ads on TV. You’re imagining France, the country with a heavy drinking rate one sixth that of Ireland. It’s a country where there is a genuinely sensible and mature approach to alcohol----with a range of regulations for the alcohol industry.To be certain, people drink in France----there is alcoholism and serious issues for public health there, just as in other societies where alcohol is available----but in France, the trend is downward and heavy drinking isn’t group activity where getting drunk is the objective.The drinks industry in Ireland is pitilessly efficient and deeply rational----like any multi-billion euro industry, knowing how to get people to drink more, how to grow amarket, how to cultivate the next generation of drinkers and how to put them on the value addition conveyor belt.The economics of drinking is strikingly obvious. A massive diversity of products at a massively wide range of prices, with a staggering diversity of lifestyle messages and marketing approaches to segment and divide the market. We start with the young drinkers, who don’t have a whole l ot of money----for young men there’re the thin aluminum can beers which promise European sophistication and precious metals. For the ladies there are the lighter alcohols and coolers, which promise to have one laugh uncontrollably into the night with your equally attractive mid-twenties friends, often with a three-for-two offer.The next stage in the process is to get the drinker into the bottled beers and shift the ladies towards whiskey. In summer, everyone is encouraged to dedicate time to quenchingthe thirst with juice---and to move on from there. At each life stage there is a higher-value drink product targeted at our aspirations and an encouragement to get some of the good life. The drinks industry reminds us to tame our animal side with a trip to their website saying that ‘enjoying a drink may be a part of Irish culture…’ and, at the start of an article on the possible health benefits of cutting down on alcohol, states: “Lots of people associate moderate drinking with relaxation and fun.”The drinks industry needs young drinkers----it cultivate drinkers as early as possible, but it cultivates partners and harvests goodwill as well.75. Which of the following statements is true about France?A No one consumes an excessive amount of alcohol.B There are no strict regulations for the alcohol industry.C Sport can be sponsored by alcoholproducers.D There are no TV commercials related to alcohol.76. The underlined words in Paragraph 3 imply that the drinks industry in Ireland___A cares about the health of consumersB is good at boosting sales of alcohol.C has enjoyed quite high productivityD tries to make money by illegal means77. Paragraph 4 and 5 are focused on ____the drinks industry.A the economic employed byB the wide range of products ofC various lifestyle messages fromD health benefits associated with78. The drinks industry has been working hard to increase its sales by ____A telling consumers the truth about the harm of alcohol.B encouraging consumers to use the same drink product.C targeting at young drinkers exclusively and。