关于国家大事及政治的英语词汇

口译分类词汇--政治政府按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators把有限的资金用在“刀刃上” use our limited funds where they can be put to best use保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commission保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require excessive investment. 不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges不会导致货币过量发行without causing overissue of currency不进则退no progress simply means regression不良贷款non- performing loans不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets不再经商no longer engage in trade财政偿还能力our ability to service debt财政的承受能力financial capacity财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits.财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole process of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production产业升级upgrade industries长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River长期国债long-term government bonds常务委员Standing Committee member车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases成长型企业市场（指二板市场）growing enterprise market (GEM)城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns城镇社会保障体系urban social security system城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡the transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export出口配额export quotas传统产业conventional industries创新体系an innovation system垂直管理vertical management从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes in terms of their sources and systems促进公平分配promote fair distribution of social wealth村村通广播电视工程project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village”存款准备金reserves against deposit大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market大力推进粮食流通体制改革step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain distribution system大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope贷款质量5级分类办法five-category assets classification for bank loans邓小平理论Deng Xiaoping Theory低水平重复建设low-level redundant development滴灌、喷灌drip irrigation and spray irrigation抵抗全球经济衰退to combat the global economic slump地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度 a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions电视会议televised meeting调控宏观经济运行regulate operation of the macroeconomy调整出口退税adjustments in the level of export tax rebates调整投资结构和经济结构the restructuring of investment and the economy堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes对卷烟全面推行核定计税价格征收消费税办法fully levy a sales tax on cigarettes on the basis of an authorized tax valuation对人民高度负责的态度maintain a high sense of responsibility对中西部地区适当倾斜appropriately directed to the central and western areas of the country夺取了抗洪抢险的伟大胜利achieve great victory in the fight against floods发挥出最大的效益produce the best possible results发挥最大的使用效益yield the greatest returns on investment反对铺张浪费combat extravagance and waste防范和化解金融风险guard against and defuse financial risks防范金融风险能力ability to guard against financial risks防止“重点支出重点浪费” prevent “more waste in more expenditures”非办不可的大事important tasks which must be accomplished非国有工业企业non-state industrial enterprises非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税改革tax-for-fees reform分配货币化distribution of money分税制度财政体制the revenue-sharing system风险防范机制a risk prevention mechanism服从全局、服务全局be subordinated to and serve the overall interests of the country复杂多变的国内经济环境complicated and volatile economic environment both at home and abroad改革价格形成机制reform the price formation mechanism干堤的修复加固任务the task of repairing and reinforcing the main dikes干法旋窑水泥dry-process rotary kilns敢抓敢管、不讲情面have the courage to bear their responsibilities and exercise management no matter whatothers might think高等教育“211工程” the “211” Project for higher education高技术产业发展规划plans for the development of high-tech industries高技术产业化apply high technology to production高技术产业化示范工程high-tech model projects to dem onstrate their commercial viability高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻'三个代表'重要思想hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of 'Three Represents'高清晰度电视功能样机functional prototype of high definition TV个人所得税法the Law on Personal Income Tax个体经济、私营经济self-employed and private businesses各地区经济发展的客观需要the needs of the economic development of different regions各级各类教育all forms of education at all levels各种“小金库”屡禁不止failures to prohibit unauthorized departmental coffers repeatedly各种偷税、骗税和逃税行为all acts of tax evasion and tax fraud工程监理制project supervision system工程质量事故accidents resulting from poor quality of projects工业增加值industrial added value公开市场操作open-market operations共建、调整、合作、合并a program of joint development, adjustment, cooperation and mergers购买力purchasing power鼓励兼并encourage mergers关心群众疾苦help alleviate their hardships规范管理standardized administration规范化的财政管理standardized financial management规范破产standardize bankruptcy procedures规范税制standardize the tax system国际公认internationally recognized国际通行的吸引外资方式internationally accepted methods of absorbing foreign investment国家财政包揽过多The state finance takes on too much financial burden.国家发展计划委员会the State Development Planning Commission国家确定的重点领域投资investment in the key areas designated by the state国家税源的大量流失great loss of state revenue国家重点科研项目national key scientific research projects国库券treasury bonds国民经济各方面all sectors of the national economy国民生产总值gross national product (GNP)国内短缺原材料和资源性产品raw and semi-finished materials and resource products which are in short supply in China国有独资商业银行wholly state-funded commercial bank国有企业改革reform of state-owned enterprises国有企业和集体企业资本金统计报告制度a system for reporting statistics on the capital funds of state-owned and collectively-owned enterprises国有企业重组regroup SOEs国有商业银行一级法人管理management of the state-owned commercial banks with only their head offices as their legal persons国有资产管理、监督和营运机制management, supervision and operation of state-owned assets国有资源有偿使用paid use of state-owned resources国债资金the capital obtained from issuance of government bonds过剩的生产能力excessive production capacity海峡两岸关系cross-Strait relations合同管理制contract management system黑市交易black market transaction in foreign exchanges很多上海企业涌向西部，掀起了去西部的淘金热。

英语口头禅1.Absolutely!——毫无疑问！2.Adorable!——可爱极了！3.Amazing!——太神奇了！4.Anytime!——随时吩咐！5.Almost!——差不多了！6.Awful!——好可怕啊！7.Allow me!——让我来！8.Baloney!——胡扯！荒谬！9.Bingo!——中了！10.Boring!——真无聊！11.Bravo!——太棒了！12.Bullshit!——胡说！13.Correct!——对的！14.Crazy!——疯了！15.Damn!——该死的！16.Deal!——一言为定！17.Definitely!——当然！18.Disgusting!——好恶心啊！19.Drat!——讨厌！20.Exactly!——完全正确！21.Faint!——我倒！22.Fantastic!——妙极了！23.Fifty-fifty!——一半对一半！24.Fresh!——好有型！帅极了！25.Gorgeous!——美极了！26.Great!——太好了！27.Hopefully!——希望如此！28.Horrible!——好可怕！29.Hot!——好辣！30.Hurray!/Hurrah!——万岁！31.Imagine!——想想看！32.Impossible!——不可能吧！33.Impressive!——很感人，永生难忘！34.Incredible!——不可思议！35.Indeed?——真的？36.Listen!——听着！37.Lousy!——差劲！38.Now!——现在就做！39.Objection!——我抗议！40.Outrageous!——不得了！41.Perfect!——很完美！42.Please!——拜托了！43.Probably!——很可能！44.Rats!——差劲！45.Relax!——放轻松！46.Right!——对的！47.Satisfied?——满意了吗？48.So so!——马马虎虎！49.Still?——仍是这样？50.Stingy!——小气鬼！51.Superb!——棒极了！52.Surprise!——给你一个惊喜！53.Terrible!——好可怕！54.Terrific!——了不起的！55.Try!——去试一下！56.Unbelievable!——难以置信！57.Understand?——明不明白？58.Well?——怎么样？59.Willingly!——很乐意！美国人最爱用的个性短语Thousand times no! 绝对办不到！Easy does it. 慢慢来。

2021届高中英语新高考核心词汇快速记忆名校讲义（01）a—achievement词汇学习永远是英语学习的核心，对中学生来说更是如此。

而《新课程标准》对高中词汇量的要求已经达到了3，500词和600多个词组，因此词汇学习就显得特别重要。

人的记忆分为一个一个的记忆单元，提高英语单词记忆效率的最佳方法，就是逐步缩小记忆单元数目。

初学者通常以字母作为一个记忆单元，即：一个单词有几个字母便有几个记忆单元。

以后逐步达到以一个音节或字母组合为一个记忆单元，这样记忆效率会提高一倍以上。

接着便进入以构词法知识为基础的记忆阶段，记忆效率更会成倍增长。

最后便进入学习英语的最高境界，即由词汇记忆上升到理解记忆阶段。

也就是说，英语学习者可以通过英语解释记忆英语词汇，或在英语语境中记忆词汇，就象我们学习母语一样。

因此，特别重视词汇构成的学习内容，大部分词汇都包含了构词形式，以便帮助提高记忆效率和扩大词汇量。

同时特别重视词汇的扩展，很多词汇都包含了同义词、反义词、派生词和合成词。

短语也是重点，特别增加了短语含义的扩展内容，以适应高考的需要。

用法和辨析突出重难点和考点。

Aa (an) [ə, eɪ(ən)] art. 一（个、件……）abandon [əˈbændən]v.放弃，丢弃；遗弃，抛弃ability [əˈbɪlɪtɪ]n.能力，智能；才能，才干[构] able (有能力的) + -ity (表示“具有某种性质”的名词后缀)[反] disability n.丧失能力；伤残able [ˈeɪb(ə)l]a.有能力的，能干的，显示出才华的[派] disable v.使残废 / unable a.不能的，不会的[用] be ableto do sth. “能，会”可以构成各种时态，并可与can之外的情态动词连用。

例如：1. We shall be able to finish the work next week. 我们下周将能完成这项工作。

1: repel:拒绝接受（有轻蔑之意）。

又磁场相斥，求助，帮助exclude：拒绝，排斥，排除任何可能性。

组织某人reject：完全坚决地拒绝，排斥，接名词。

“+n”decline：对别人的建议邀请婉然拒绝。

“+n；+to do，+doing”refuse：直接干脆地拒绝，又表示不给予。

“+n；+to：故意不做某事”deny：拒绝相信其真实性或拒绝给予或接受。

“+sth；+doing sth”2. advise notify/inform sb of sth3. decrease ：逐渐下降，接数据reduce：人力的减少式下降，降低，往接数据diminish：指重要性，事务大小，强度的减少decline：某事物使用紧张或匮乏枯竭。

“on the decline”shrink：市场、衣服、股票、收缩、缩水drop：突然sink：缓慢foul：突然、恶心。

“a foul rubbish dump”又脏又臭的垃圾4.scold：责骂scan：（浏览）仔细检查某部位scorn：蔑视“The ~ of sth”scarce：缺乏匮令“He`s in a bad mood. So I`ll make myself scarce”prise个体→集体be composed of：包含，构成，组成consist of ：主动形式，整体由几个部分组成constitute：几个部分组成集体个→集体6.treat：治疗treat sb forcure：治愈cure sb of a disease a cure for sthheal: 治愈heal up/over 康复remedy：祛除或减轻病痛的治疗the remedy for sthrestore ：物作主语，可被动修复7. disable sb from doing sthincapable of 不能unable to 不能incompetent 不胜任8. deed：做过的一件事尤指业绩或恶行act：具体行为，已完成的动作，还表示正在进行的动作行为action：强调动作过程和持续性，完成动作的方法方式activity：具体活动或所做之事，常用复数9. actual: “实际的”现实的，表事实上已存在或已发生，事实存在real ：真实的，真正的，物色外貌与实际相符或客观存在的genuine：真正的，非伪造的，地道的，不是冒充的，正宗true：“真的”确实的与事实相符10.ample：充分富足，（绰绰有余）enough：可在名词前可在名词后adequate：一般不修饰数量be adequate、to (doing) sthsufficient：正式的，多用来说明质量，修饰抽象名词，强调充足程度，置名词前plentiful：数量充足11. disappear 一般用语fac e→flower 渐渐地凋谢颜色vanish：突然化为无有die away→music、 voice、thunder storm flame12. cultivate：培养，教养train：为由某目的而训练foster：培育/养育 bring up/raisedevelop：培养，发展drill：反复操练 nurture ： n. 训练，养育，培养（儿童）in the act of doing抽象的，往往与words或thought相当13.approach： to介词，接近，方法access：n.to介词，访问，存取，读取接近14. desire to do sth 及物expect of/to do 对某事发生出现有把握hope for/that/to：不解名词复合宾语，预料某事会发生一种愿望anticipate：接动名词表示对未来的预见，又有抢先一步行动如提前准备使用之意long for/to15. apply oneself to ：投身于 identify oneself with 投身于engage oneself in 参与be occupied with 忙于acquaint oneself with ：对…熟悉concern oneself in/with 常用于否定16.implement ：园艺，农业用具apparatus ：专用途，一套或一件器械仪表等，多少复数appliance：家用的电动电子工具或器具device：专门设计精巧的机械装备equipment ：成套设备或装备来完成某项工作，tool：泛指工具和手工器具instrument：科学，领域中专业人员使用的精密仪器或乐器facility：范围equipment：广泛指一切便利的东西，环境，设施，多用复数atility17.range:(导弹，子弹)射程，听力，视域范围（变化变动）的范围幅度差距cover：庇护所掩盖物extent：具体的一片大范围，投限程度to a certaom extentscope ：不可数，范围领域发挥的余地，机会within/seek scope for/to of wide scopespan ：跨度，期间尤指时间，寿命sphere：领域范围球形within/out/beyond/reachsphere of influence 势力范围18.rank ：加入序列，占特定等级as rank and filerate ：被评价，列入特定等级CorruptInterruptabrupt：突然出乎意料变头没脑的，路急转变erupt：火山爆发disrupt：分裂、破坏瓦解打扰19false: 虚假的,错过artificial：人工的unnatural：不自然的20.expand：扩大、扩张、范围、体积、势力、业务enlarge：面积、体积、范围能力数量，及物，又不及物multiply：数的扩大21.discruptdamage：损坏、减少，价值或效率，局部的destroy：彻底毁坏，摧毁，无法修复，用暴力或意外现象spoil ：弄糟弄坏，又有“宠坏”事务变质腐坏collapse：崩溃，倒塌、往往是建筑物wreck ：遭难，因风暴、触礁或暴力毁坏多用于船或车辆ruin：损坏而不能使用，而且有比喻之义ruins The scandal ruined his future 彻底的自然，客观的22.roast：烤制肉类，火鸡、鹅等toast：烤加热面包等bake：烤面包，烤制面包grill：烧烤23. bear fruit 单个produce ：农产品yield：成批product ：工业产品produce :人工production ：产量，工业make：人工yield：产量或农业④take assume/bear/shoulder the blame to sb for sth⑤blame/let 不定或主动表被动to be blame 主动表被动24. debate ：公开场合正式各抒己见discussion：交换内容argument：拿出事实理由argue with sb over/about sthargue for against thatdispute ：意见分歧大，激烈，长期争执不下disputequarrel with25. lay the blame onplace the blame uponshift the blame toaccuse sb of 指控charge sb for 批评scold sb for 责备26. string 螫蜂bite of 叮咬，蚊子stick：scratch：抓伤，抓破stroke ：抚摸start from scratch 从头开始，从零开始27. blank：纸书空白之家dim：指光线视觉faint：微事等，模糊记忆，轮廓vain：徒劳28. blank：没有记号标记，痕迹empty：没有东西，空无一物hollow：中间空vacant：空的，空闲的表示暂时情况未被占据29.out burst：情感的爆发out break：out come：结果out set：开始，最初out let：出口bread：动植物品种type：类型kind：一般的种类sort 类别sort of 有点sort sth from sth sort out 整理相识，理顺canal：人工channel：自然drain：排水沟，污水管ditch：沟，不一定排水34.fee：收费的费fare：车票机票的钱tax：政府向个人、企业、征收的税duty：海关收的税tou：过桥费charge：索取的费用subsidy：津贴，补助金pension：养老金，抚恤金penalty：罚金fine：罚款found：赞助35accurate：准确无误，可以形容天气预报与客观事实相等precise：精确(细节相符)明确，细节很精密exact：确切，细节与事实相符，完全依据事实correct：正确36.in the case of ：如果…发生，万一（就…而论，至于）in case of ：假如，防备…（万一，如果）in case 假使，以防万一in any case ：无论如何regardless of irrespect ofin no case ：无论如何不，绝不，放句首倒装in all /any event37.on occasion ：时机，机会，含原因opportunity：良机chance：机会，运气（天意或宿命，偶然性）possibility：可能性38.accidental：意外，偶然的往往指不幸的incidental：附带次要的casual：碰巧，随意的accident：事故，灾难事件occasional：没规律，时而发生incident：大事中的小事，政治事件39. conceal：隐藏conceal sth from sbconcede：承认，接soconceit ：骄傲40. license：执照diploma：文凭certificate：证书passport：护照warrant：证明，凭证41.attain ：较庄重一般所不能达到实现与目的的繁荣attain to power 目的，成就，又接介词toachieve：达到既定目的，实现愿望，像aim, victory抽象名词fulfill：满足愿望理想42.lethal：致命的critical：关键的be critical of 对…挑剔crucial：至关重要的be crucial to/for 对…关键作用fatal：致命的decisive：具有决定性decided：决定的明确的，无可争辩的radical：激进的，基本的，重要的43.seize：强有力抓住，一抱抓住be seize on/withclasp：紧握抱紧grasp：紧紧抓住，又领会理解grasp at/have a good of sthgrip：抓紧抓牢语意比grasp 强cling：粘住，依附cling toclutch：紧握snatch：迅速用手抓，抱，获得。

Unit 3 Family matters词汇一轮复习讲义词汇表【即学即练】1.The ___________ was greedy for knowledge, and has a deep understanding of the___________ in his country. (law)2.In all ___________ of our life, there are always ___________ people who deservepeople’s ___________. (respect)3.It’s likely that your jeans are not___________for such a formal occasion, so you’d better replace it with a ___________. (suit)4.We are working on the___________(assume) that everyone has the ability to settle difficult problems.5.In his___________, ___________Smith deserves our respect, because he is indeed ___________in municating with children. ( profession )6.___________(choose) a proper title is the first step to make a good impression on your teacher.7.When I came across the words I am unfamiliar with, I would turn ___________ the dictionary for help.8.With the development of technology, the Internet increased ___________ (option) for movie lovers.9.Many teenagers are surprisingly ___________ (ignore) about current politics.10.In the great effort not to offend, we end up ___________ (say) nothing.11.I’m afraid that it is beyond my to make a impact on the children. (power)12.from her expression, the her brother made on the issue made her dissatisfied. (judge)13.Sam has worked in the pany for 20 years, and his honesty has earned him great respect and . So everyone of us him. (admire)14.With the problem , they finally got a new . (settle)15.Would you like to give a description of the rescue? We are eager for more . (detail)16.Obviously, the student had no other choice but to apologize his teacher for the mistake he had made.17.It’s typical of the slim girl (keep) others waiting for her, making others annoyed.18.Whenever I am trouble, my friend, Linda, a lawyer will do me a favour without hesitation.19.He was not a responsible father, because he set off for London, leaving his childrenwith their mother.20.When you (learn) English, you will find it a bridge to knowledge.21.It’s likely_________he will be fired by the pany because of his poor memory.22.Please remind me________the meeting in the afternoon in case I forget about it.23.He’s a spoiled child and it’s about time he learned to behave________(proper).24.They will ask the Prime Minister to make ments_______the impact of the policy.25.They way in which you judge yourself is the best_________(reflect) of your selfimage.26.The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the_________(enter), letting in the natural light during the day.27.We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose one________(base) on your own interests.28.Yesterday, I came________my former classmate; he didn’t recognise me and that made me indeed upset.29.He has no choice but to settle________the fact that there is no cure for the disease.30.It is typical_______Mary to make negative ments on other people’s issues.31.Woodwork is an____________(option) subject in our school this term.32.As we all know, parents’ words have a great impact___________their children.33.She observed a man___________(sculpt) an eggplant at the entrance to the gallery.34.The misadventure is more likely____________(strength) his willpower.35.We draw the conclusion on the_____________(assume) that all the problems are settled.36.She devoted herself_____________(entire) to her research and was respected by others.37.If I am wrong, I__________(apologize) to you for my mistake.38.The water_______________(feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.39.The lawyer, an important character, _____________(chat) with the hostess when the host es in.40.Don’t misunderstand me. I just wanted to make sure if he_________(e) home for dinner yesterday.41.My friend, who____________(serve) on the International Olympic mittee all his life, is retiring next month.42.Among the hills__________(lie) a natural lake.43.Jogging helps the runner keep slim and fit. She _________(jog) in the past decade.44.John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week, spent 2 thousand yuan more than he__________(plan) for the wedding.45.Despite different opinions from the media, the judge__________(insist) on his decision. Nothing and nobody can change his mind.46.The WaterSprinkling Festival___________(observe) every year.答案wyer; laws2. respects; respectable; respect3. suitable;suit4. assumption5. profession; professor; professional6. Choosing7. to8. options9. ignorant10. saying11. power; powerful12. Judging; judgement13. admiration; admires14. settled; settlement15. detailed; details16. to17. to keep18. in19. behind20. learn/have learned21. that22. of23. properly24. on25. reflection26. entrance27. based28. across29. for30. of31. optional32. on33. sculpting34. to strengthen35. assumption36. entirely37. will apologize38. felt39. is chatting40. would e41. has served42. lies43. has jogged/has been jogging44. had planned45. insists46.is observed。

政府工作报告常用英语词汇建设一个富强、民主、文明的国家；build a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced country关系国计民生的大事；matters vital to national well being and the people's livelihood人民生活水平；quality of life; the living standards生活费用；cost of living; income maintenance; subsistence cost 生活费收入；income available for cost of living新生儿死亡率；infant mortality rate; neonatal mortality rate预期寿命；life expectancy教育程度；educational status; education received教育程度比率；educational attainment ratio失业率；rate of unemployment过紧日子；tighten one's belt对口扶贫；provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions脱贫；lift off poverty; cast off poverty过温饱生活；live a life at a subsistent level小康生活；enjoy a fairly comfortable life; be moderately better off实现小康目标；attain the goal of ensuring our people arelatively comfortable life安居工程；housing project for low-income families安居小区；a neighborhood for low-income families物业管理；estate management, property management复式住宅；compound apartment福利分房；buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one workswith加快住房分配货币化进程；capitalization process of housingdistribution/allocation社会保障；social security政府主导计划；government-sponsored programs个人自愿计划；voluntary private plans医疗保险；medical insurance伤残保险；disability insurance失业保险；unemployment insurance养老保险；retirement insurance退休基金；pension fund强制性普及方案；universally compulsory program面临困境；face adverse conditions精算界；actuarial profession精算师；actuaries对保障方案进行精算评估；Security programs should undergoactuarial review.裁定保险赔偿；adjudication of benefits社会保障“三条保障线”制度；social security system of “three guarantees”国企下岗职工基本生活保障；guarantee of basic cost of living allowancesfor workers laid off from state-owned enterprises失业保险；guarantee of unemployment insurance benefits城镇居民最低生活保障；guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents在城镇强制推行以养老、失业、医疗为重点的社会保险；Social welfare insurance, particularly old-age, unemployment and medical insurance, must be made mandatory in urban areas. 补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金；All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan.提高部分优抚对象抚恤标准；Allowances for certain disabled service men andwomen and family members of revolutionary martyrs and service men and women have been increased.带薪分流；assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing themto retain their original rank and benefits待业人员；job seekers生活待遇；material amenities待遇优厚的工作；a well-paid job定向培训；training for specific posts岗位培训；on-job training扫除青壮年文盲；eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged people实现基本普及九年义务教育；The goal in the effort to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal has been attained.争取实现高等教育大众化；work to make regular higher education accessible tothe majority of young people推进素质教育；push ahead with education for all-around development应试教育；examination-oriented education system创新精神；be innovation-minded; to have a creative mind211 工程；211 Project培养创新精神和实践能力；help them develop practical abilities and a spirit of innovation促进学生德、智、体、美全面发展；ensure that students improve in terms oftheir moral, intellectual and fitness level as well as in theirappreciation of aesthetics切实减轻中小学生过重的课业负担；effectively reduce too heavy homeworkassignments for primary and secondary schoolstudents后勤服务社会化；make logistic services independent in their operation大力推行个人助学信贷；Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted.招生就业指导；enrolment and vocation guidance中专生；secondary specialized or technical school student代培；training-on-contract program代培生；trainee on contract在职博士生；on-job doctorate大专文凭；associate degree (conferred to junior college students)研究生毕业证/学位证；graduate diploma/graduate degree's diploma积极发展民办教育；Efforts should be made to develop schools not operatedby government education departments.贵族学校；exclusive school（美）; select school（英）失学儿童；dropouts自学成才；self-taught and self-made person; become a qualified professional through self-taught way行行出状元；Every profession produces its own leading authority.建设廉洁、勤政、务实、高效政府；build a clean and diligent, pragmatic andefficient government坚持“两手抓、两手都要硬”的方针；adhere to the principle of “doing two jobsat once and attaching equal importance to each”高度重视精神文明建设；pay close attention to cultural and ethical progress深入扎实地开展群众性精神文明创建活动；Extensive public participationactivities are launched to promote cultural and ethical progress.文明城市；model city; culturally advanced city; city cited for high moral and cultural standards社会公德；social morality有公德心；be civic-minded职业道德；ethics of profession家庭美德；family virtues坚持正确的舆论导向；maintain the correct orientation for public opinion思想道德建设（思想政治工作）；moral education among people 树立正确的价值观、世界观、人生观；help foster in the young the morally sound values and outlook on the world and life继续开展“扫黄打非”斗争；The fight against pornography,illegal publicationsand piracy shall be continued.反对迷信；be against superstition舆论导向；direction of public opinion舆论监督；supervision by public opinion加强舆论监督；ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in publicopinion实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质；promote family planning and controlthe population size and improve the health of the people加强计划生育工作；further improve family planning努力稳定低生育水平；work to stabilize the low birth rate人口出生率；birth rate自然增长率；natural growth rate人口增长的高峰期；baby boom人口增长与社会经济发展相协调；try to keep population growth in line withsocial and economic development计划生育责任制；responsibility system of family planning搞好优生优育；promote good prenatal and postnatal care抓好农村和流动人口计划生育管理与服务；devote efforts to the management of family planning and related services in rural areas and among the floating population认真贯彻实施中国妇女、儿童发展纲要；The programs for thedevelopment of workconcerning women and children should be earnestly implemented.独生子女；the only child小家庭；nuclear family大家庭；extended family单亲家庭；single parent family人口老龄化；aging of population人口年轻化；rejuvenation of population关心和支持残疾人事业；Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support.关心老龄人；care for senior citizens.社会治安状况好转；see an improved law-and-order situation 恶性犯罪；major crimes破案率；rate of solved criminal cases戒毒所；drug rehabilitation center保险业；The insurance industry保证重点支出；Ensure funding for priority areas被兼并或挤掉；annexed or forced out of business补发拖欠的养老金；Clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款；Non-performing loan层层转包和违法分保；Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting产值；output value城乡信用社；Credit Cooperative in both urban and rural areas 城镇居民最低生活保障；A minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保险制度；The system of medical insurance for urban workers抽样调查；data from the sample survey出口信贷；Export credit初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy贷款质量；Loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法；The five-category assets classification for bank loans第二产业；secondary industry第三产业；tertiary industry第一产业；primary industry独资企业；wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise发电量；electric energy production发挥市场的调节作用；to give play to the regulatory role of themarket发展过快；excessive growth防范和化解金融风险；Take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程；Flood-prevention project非法外汇交易；Illegal foreign exchange transaction非公有成分；non-public sectors非贸易收汇；Foreign exchange earnings through non trade channels非银行金融机构；Non-bank financial institutions费改税；Transform administrative fees into taxes分配形式；forms of distribution风险资金；risk funds副业；sideline production改革是“社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展”。

重点词汇用法归纳及词汇表单词：1. event n. (尤指重要或不寻常的)事件；(大型体育比赛中的)比赛项目【典型例句】a historic event 历史事件Leaving home was a major event in his life.离家是他一生中的大事。

The next event is the 800 metres.下一个比赛项目是800米。

2. host n. 主人；节目主持人；东道主，主办者【典型例句】Our host greeted us at the door.主人在门口迎候我们。

Our host served pizza and drinks at his party.我们的主人在宴会上供应披萨和饮料。

He is the host of the talk show.他是脱口秀的主持人。

a game show host 游戏节目主持人host country/government/city 东道国/政府/城市China played host to the Olympics in 2008.中国是2008年奥运会的东道主。

(中国在2008年主办了奥运会。

)【拓展】a host of 大量，许多hostess n. 女主人，女主持人host v.主办，做……的东道主；主持(节目)Beijing hosted the Olympic Games in 2008.北京主办了2008年奥运会。

3. track n.(1) (人踩出的)小道，小径，小路(2)足迹，踪迹，车辙(常用复数)(3)轨道(4)跑道，赛道【典型例句】Follow the track into the forest.沿着小路走进森林。

The hunter followed the tracks of a deer.猎人循着鹿的踪迹追踪。

tyre tracks 轮胎印railway tracks 铁路轨道a running track 赛跑跑道track and field 田径运动track event 径赛项目v.跟踪, 追踪He tracked the deer for a mile.他跟踪了那头鹿一英里。

介词的翻译方法转载自:/viewthread.php?tid=245909英语中大多数介词含义灵活，一词多义多用。

除了一些常用短语已有译法外，大量介词需要从其基本意义出发，联系上下文加以灵活处理。

下面简明地介绍几种基本译法。

（1）转译：英语中常用介词来表达动作意义。

汉译时，可将介词转译成动词。

①在作表语的介词短语中，介词常转译为动词，而连系动词则省略不译。

如：This machine is out of repair．这台机器失修了。

②在作目的或原因状语的介词短语中，介词有时转译成动词。

如：The plane crushed out of control．这架飞机失去控制而坠毁。

The letter E is commonly used for electromotive force．通常用E这个字母表示电动势。

③在作条件、方式或方法状语的介词短语中，介词有时转译成动词。

如：But even the larger molecules with several hundred atoms are too small to be seen with the best optical microscope．但是，即使有几百个原子的分子也是太小了，用最好的光学显微镜也看不见它们。

④介词短语作补足语时，其中介词常转译成动词。

如：Heat sets these particles in random motion．热量使这些粒子作随机运动。

（2）增译：增词不是无中生有，而是要根据上下文特别是与介词搭配的动词或形容词的含义加得恰当。

有不少情况，句中与介词搭配的动词或形容词不出现，如照原文结构无法把意思表达清楚，甚至易于误解时，这就需要增词。

如：Thats all there is to it.那就是与此有关的全部内容。

（原句中to=related to）The engineer was taken ill with consumption．It was flour on the lungs，the doctor told him at the time．这个工程师得了肺一病、那是由于面粉对肺部的影响，当时医生这样对他说的。

政府部门常见英语词汇The people's Republic of China (P. R. China) 中华人民共和国Province (Hebei Province) 省Prefecture (Cangzhou Prefecture) 区Municipality (Beijing Municipality) 市City (Cangzhou City) 市County (Cangxian County) 县Autonomous 自治(Autonomous District [ Prefecture/ County]) Capital (Provincial Capital) 省会Communist Party of China 中国共产党National Party Congress 全国代表大会Fifteenth National Congress 第十五次全国代表大会(十五大)First Plenary Session 第一届中央全会(一中全会)Central Committee 中央委员会member of the Central Committee 中央委员alternate member of the Central Committee 候补中央委员Political Bureau 政治局member of the Political Bureau 政治局委员alternate member of the Political Bureau 政治局候补委员Standing Committee of the Political Bureau 政治局常务委员会member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau 政治局常委Secretariat of the Central Committee 中央书记处General Secretary 总书记Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 中央纪律检查委员会Military Commission of the Central Committee 中央军事委员会International Liaison Department 对外联络部Organization Department 组织部United Front Work Department 统战部Propaganda Department 宣传部State President 国家主席President of PRC 中华人民共和国主席Vice President of PRC 中华人民共和国副主席National People's Congress 全国人民代表大会Standing Committee 常务委员会Chairman 委员长Vice Chairpersons 副委员长Members of the NPC Standing Committee 常务委员会委员Central Military Committee 中央军事委员会Chairman 主席Vice Chairman 副主席CMC Members 委员Supreme People's Court 最高人民法院President 最高人民法院院长Supreme People's Procuratorate 最高人民检察院Procurator-General 最高人民检察院检察长State Council 国务院Premier 总理Vice Premier 副总理State Councillors 国务委员Ministry of Foreign Affairs 外交部Ministry of National Defense 国防部State Development Planning Commission 国家发展计划委员会State Economic and Trade Commission 国家经济贸易委员会Ministry of Education 教育部Ministry of Science and Technology 科学技术部Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense 国防科学技术工业委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission 国家民族事务委员会Ministry of Public Security 公安部Ministry of State Security 安全部Ministry of Supervision 监察部Ministry of Civil Affairs 民政部Ministry of Justice 司法部Ministry of Finance 财政部Ministry of Personnel 人事部Ministry of Labor and Social Security 劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Land and Natural Resources 国土资源部Ministry of Construction 建设部Ministry of Railways 铁道部Ministry of Communications 交通部Ministry of Information Technology and Telecommunications 信息产业部Ministry of Water Resources 水利部Ministry of Agriculture 农业部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Co-operation 对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Culture 文化部Ministry of Health 卫生部State Family Planning Commission 国家计划生育委员会People's Bank of China 中国人民银行Auditing Administration 审计署Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference 中国人民政治协商会议National Committee 全国委员会Standing Committee 常务委员会Chairman 主席Vice-Chairpersons 副主席democratic party 民主党派Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomintang 中国国民党革命委员会（民革）China Democratic League 中国民主同盟（民盟）China Democratic National Construction Association 中国民主建国会（民建）China Association Promoting Democracy 中国民主促进会（民进）Chinese Peasants' and Workers' Democratic Party 中国农工民主党China Zhi Gong Dang 中国致公党Jiu San Society 九三学社Taiwan Democratic self-government 台湾民主自治同盟（台盟）people's organization 人民团体All-China Federation of Trade Unions 中华全国总工会（全总）Communist Youth League of China 中国共产主义青年团（共青团?All-China Federation of Youth 中华全国青年联合会（全国青联）All-China Students' Federation 中华全国学生联合会（全国学联）China Young Pioneers 中国少年先锋队（少先队）All-China Women's Federation 中华全国妇女联合会（全国妇联）China Association for Science and Technology 中国科学技术协会（中国科协）China Federation of Literary and Art Circles 中国文学艺术界联合会（文联）All-China Federation of Returned Overseas Chinese 中华全国归国华侨联合会（全国侨联）China Welfare Institute 中国福利会Red Cross Society of China 中国红十字会Chinese People's Liberation Army 中国人民解放军Headquarters of the General Staff 总参谋部General Political Department 总政治部General Logistics Department 总后勤部General Armament Department 总装备部政府文件常用英语词汇211工程211 Project安居工程housing project for low-income families安居小区a neighborhood for low-income families保障妇女就业权利to guarantee women’s right to employment补发拖欠的离退休人员统筹项目内的养老金All back pension entitlements have been paid for the retired covered by the overall government plan.裁定保险赔偿adjudication of benefits城镇居民最低生活保障guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents在城镇强制推行以养老、失业、医疗为重点的社会保险Social welfare insurance, particularly old-age, unemployment and medical insurance, must be made mandatory in urban areas.城镇社会保障体系the social security system in urban areas城镇职工基本医疗保险制度the basic medical insurance system for urban employees创新精神be innovation-minded; to have a creative mind促进学生德、智、体、美全面发展ensure that students improve in terms of their moral, intellectual and fitness level as well as in their appreciation of aesthetics大家庭extended family大力推行个人助学信贷Personal loans to finance education should be vigorously promoted.大专文凭associate degree (conferred to junior college students)代培training-on-contract program代培生trainee on contract带薪分流assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits待业人员job seekers待遇优厚的工作a well-paid job单亲家庭single parent family定向培训training for specific posts独生子女the only child对保障方案进行精算评估Security programs should undergo actuarial review.对口扶贫provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions恶性犯罪major crimes反对迷信be against superstition福利分房buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with复式住宅compound apartment干部年轻化rejuvenation of cadres岗位培训on-job training高度重视精神文明建设pay close attention to cultural and ethical progress搞好优生优育promote good prenatal and postnatal care个人自愿计划voluntary private plans工伤保险制度the on-job injury insurance system工资收入分配制度the wage and income distribution system关系国计民生的大事matters vital to national well-being and the people's livelihood关心和支持残疾人事业Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support.关心老龄人care for senior citizens.贵族学校exclusive school（美）; select school（英）国企下岗职工基本生活保障guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises过紧日子tighten one’s belt过温饱生活live a life at a subsistent level合理调整就业结构to rationally readjust the employment structure后勤服务社会化make logistic services independent in their operation积极发展民办教育Efforts should be made to develop schools not operated by government education departments.基本养老金basic pensions计划生育责任制responsibility system of family planning继续开展"扫黄打非"斗争The fight against pornography, illegal publications and piracy shall be continued.加快住房分配货币化进程capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation加强计划生育工作further improve family planning加强舆论监督ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion家庭美德family virtues坚持"两手抓、两手都要硬"的方针adhere to the principle of "doing two jobs at once and attaching equal importance to each"坚持正确的舆论导向maintain the correct orientation for public opinion建立集体合同制度to establish a group contract system建立市场导向的就业机制to establish a market-oriented employment mechanism建立新型的劳动关系to establish a new type of labor relations建设廉洁、勤政、务实、高效政府build a clean and diligent, pragmatic and efficient government建设一个富强、民主、文明的国家build a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced country教育程度educational status; education received教育程度比率educational attainment ratio戒毒所drug rehabilitation center精算界actuarial profession精算师actuaries扩大就业和再就业to expand employment and reemployment劳动保障监察制度the labor security supervision system劳动标准体系labor standard system劳动争议处理体制the system of handling labor disputes面临困境face adverse conditions努力稳定低生育水平work to stabilize the low birth rate培养创新精神和实践能力help them develop practical abilities and a spirit of innovation 破案率rate of solved criminal cases强制性普及方案universally compulsory program切实减轻中小学生过重的课业负担effectively reduce too heavy homework assignments for primary and secondary school students确保国有企业下岗职工基本生活费和离退休人员基本养老金按时足额发放to ensure that subsistence allowances for laid-off workers from state-owned enterprises and basic pensions for retirees are paid on time and in full人口出生率birth rate人口老龄化aging of population人口增长的高峰期baby boom人口增长与社会经济发展相协调try to keep population growth in line with social and economic development人民生活水平quality of life; the living standards认真贯彻实施中国妇女、儿童发展纲要The programs for the development of work concerning women and children should be earnestly implemented.弱势群体disadvantaged groups扫除青壮年文盲eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged people伤残保险disability insurance社会保障social security社会保障"三条保障线"制度social security system of "three guarantees"社会福利制度the social welfare system社会公德social morality社会互助制度the social mutual help system社会治安状况好转see an improved law-and-order situation深入扎实地开展群众性精神文明创建活动Extensive public participation activities are launched to promote cultural and ethical progress.生活待遇material amenities生活费收入income available for cost of living生活费用cost of living; income maintenance; subsistence cost生育保险制度the childbirth insurance system失学儿童dropouts失业保险guarantee of unemployment insurance benefits失业保险unemployment insurance失业保险制度the unemployment insurance system失业率rate of unemployment实施积极促进就业的政策to implement the policy of vigorously increasing employment 实现基本普及九年义务教育The goal in the effort to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal has been attained.实现小康目标attain the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life实行弹性大、灵活性强、多样化的就业形式to adopt elastic, flexible, diversified forms of employment实行计划生育、控制人口数量、提高人口素质promote family planning and control the population size and improve the health of the people实行劳动合同制度to institute a labor contract system树立正确的价值观、世界观、人生观help foster in the young the morally sound values and outlook on the world and life思想道德建设（思想政治工作）moral education among people提高部分优抚对象抚恤标准Allowances for certain disabled service men and women and family members of revolutionary martyrs and service men and women have been increased.提高劳动者素质to enhance workers’ quality统筹兼顾城乡就业to make overall plans for urban and rural system推动就业服务向社区延伸，形成多层次的就业服务网络to encourage the formation of community-run agencies as a part of the multi-level employment service network推进素质教育push ahead with education for all-around development推行职业资格证书制度to introduce a vocational qualification credentials system退休基金pension fund脱贫lift off poverty; cast off poverty完善和落实再就业优惠政策to improve and implement preferential reemployment完善失业保险制度to improve the unemployment insurance system文明城市model city; culturally advanced city; city cited for high moral and cultural standards物业管理estate management, property management消费价格总水平the general price level小家庭nuclear family小康生活enjoy a fairly comfortable life; be moderately better off新生儿死亡率infant mortality rate; neonatal mortality rate行行出状元Every profession produces its own leading authority.研究生毕业证/学位证graduate diploma/graduate degree's diploma养老保险retirement insurance养老保险制度the old-age insurance system医疗保险medical insurance医疗保险制度the medical insurance system应试教育examination-oriented education system优抚安置制度the special care and placement system优化就业结构to optimize employment structure有公德心be civic-minded舆论导向direction of public opinion舆论监督supervision by public opinion预期寿命life expectancy灾害救助制度the natural disaster relief system在职博士生on-job doctorate招生就业指导enrolment and vocation guidance争取实现高等教育大众化work to make regular higher education accessible to the majority of young people政府主导计划government-sponsored programs职业道德ethics of profession中华人民共和国劳动法the Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China中专生secondary specialized or technical school student重视发展具有比较优势和市场潜力的劳动密集型企业to stress the development of labor-intensive enterprises with comparative advantages and market potential抓好农村和流动人口计划生育管理与服务devote efforts to the management of family planning and related services in rural areas and among the floating population自然增长率natural growth rate自学成才self-taught and self-made person; become a qualified professional through self-taught way最低生活保障制度the minimum living standard security system。