江苏省常州市2015—2016学年第一学期高二语文期末卷

2015—2016学年度第一学期高二期末语文考试题及答案（人教版）语文试题第I卷阅读题甲必考题一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1－3题。

秦汉时代的普遍知识与一般思想葛兆光秦汉时代的普遍知识与一般思想，大致可以归纳如下。

“天”仍然是判断与理解的基本依据。

仿效“天”的构造，模拟“天”的运行，遵循“天”的规则，就可以获得思想与行为的合理性。

在人们心目中，凡是仿效“天”的，就能够拥有“天”的神秘与权威，于是，这种“天”的意义，在祭祀仪式中转化为神秘的支配力量，在占卜仪式中转化为神秘的对应关系。

不仅是一般民众，就连天子与贵族也相信合理依据和权力基础来自于“天”，秦汉时代皇宫的建筑要仿效天的结构，汉代的墓室顶部要绘上天的星象，祭祀的场所更要仿造一个与天体一致的结构。

“天”所显示的自然法则更加明确地被一些基本的数字概念所表述，而这些概念又被具体化为一些可以操作的技术，于是“天”与“人”之间就被联系起来。

首先是“一”。

在秦汉时代，它既是宇宙的中心、唯一的本原、至上的神祇，又是天下一统、君主权威、理性法则、知识基础和一切的终极依据。

其次是“二”。

“二”即阴阳，既可以指日月、天地，也可以指君臣、上下，以及从阴阳引申出来的冷暖、湿燥、尊卑、贵贱。

再次是“五”。

在《吕氏春秋》中，思想家曾为“五”并列出种种匹配的事物和现象。

这说明人们普遍相信“五行”可以归纳和整理宇宙间的一切，使宇宙整齐有序。

相反，如果五行、五色、五声、五味、五方、五脏、五祀等等发生紊乱，人们就要用技术将其调整过来，否则人就会生病，社会就会混乱，宇宙就会无序。

比如朝代的变更，要顺序地吻合五德的排行；人们的服饰，要顺序地吻合五色的轮次。

这种数字概念经历了漫长的整合和论证过程，在秦汉时代终于以系统的形式固定下来。

沟通天地人神的权力仍然被少数术士所掌握。

大多数人相信，他们由于有某些特殊的禀赋与训练，拥有与神秘世界对话的能力，人们需要通过他们与天、与神灵、与祖先交流。

江苏省常州市2015-2016学年第一学期高二语文期末卷单元练习高一上册人教版语文试题下载试题预览常州市教育学会2015～2016学年第一学期期末教学情况调研高二语文2016年1月一、语言文字运用(15 分)1．下列词语中加点字的读音全都不同的一组是（3分）A．浸渍暴戾恣睢孜孜以求B．逶迤虚与委蛇为虎作伥C．棱角盛气凌人幽韵泠然D．缇骑风流倜傥晶莹剔透2．下列各组词语中，字形全都正确的一项是（3分）A．庖丁解牛笑魇如花簪缨之族B．揾英雄泪娴于辞令力能扛鼎C．恂恂鄙人相形见诎作壁上观D．运筹帷幄破釜沉舟自矜攻伐3．依次填入下列横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（3分）（1）有学者认为，清明节成型于大唐盛世，是由清明、寒食、上巳三个节日▲而成的。

（2）市长在谈及市政建设时指出，城市管理要标本兼治，▲，不断改善人居环境。

（3）其他景致，或以山色取胜，或以水色撩人，唯独在这里，水与山▲：岷江的水环绕青城山，我们就栖身在这岷江水畔的山水人家。

A．融汇持之以恒相得益彰B．融汇锲而不舍相映成趣C．融合锲而不舍相得益彰D．融合持之以恒相映成趣4．填入下列文字中横线处的句子，与上下文衔接较好的一项是（3分）纪实文学，理应讲究纪实性与文学性的高度统一，作为纪实文学之一的传记文学，▲。

缺乏真实丰富的事实材料，而靠浮辞丽藻挥洒成篇，只能写出苍白无力的东西；缺乏生动形象的文学语言，而仅罗列人物生平事迹，也不会葆有长久的感染力。

A．必须特别注意材料的真实性B．也应注意文采，以求引人入胜C．同样存在着一个“实”与“文”的结合与统一问题D．也要考虑到“文”与“实”二者的有机联系5．下列有关文学常识的叙述，不正确的选项是（3分）A．先秦诸子散文各具特色，如孟子善于雄辩、气势壮阔，庄子善用寓言、想象丰富。

B．《报任安书》的“书”指书信，《河渠书》的“书”代表用来综述典章制度的体例。

C．词是可以歌唱、配乐的韵文，藉由词人所用的词牌，即可了解词作的内容。

2015-2016学年度高二语文上学期期末考卷考试时间：150分钟；注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（阅读题，共70分）一、现代文阅读阅读下面的文章，完成后面问题。

（9分）开车会成为穷人的标志吗在狄更斯的《匹克威克外传》风行英伦之时，如果说将来富人多是瘦子，穷人多是胖子，谁都会觉得是异想天开。

如今呢，在发达国家，穷人的肥胖症最为严重。

走进富人区，则苗条的人明显多起来。

可见，未来往往在我们的想象之外。

那么，在现今这个开法拉利炫富的时代，如果说日后开车的多是穷人，富人反而很少开车出行——这种预言，是否会像贫富的胖瘦一样兑现呢？《经济学人》曾提纲挈领地展望了汽车的前程：目前地球上有十亿多辆汽车。

仅2012一年，就增加了6000余万辆新车。

预计到2020年，世界汽车拥有量可能翻一番。

毫无疑问，汽车，是世界经济的命脉。

不过，未来汽车拥有量的增长，将主要集中在发展中国家。

发达国家的汽车拥有量已经到顶，甚至有可能下降。

从总体上看，发达国家的汽车旅行里程在2004年触顶，自2007年经济危机前开始下降。

根据对人口社会学的初步分析，我们能够推断出这些现象是一个长期的趋势，而非一时经济波动所造成的短期失常。

在发达国家，婴儿潮一代的前锋，即1945年出生的人，大部分都开车的。

如今开车的退休老人比任何时代都多。

六十几岁的英国人中，79%有驾照。

美国60—64岁这个年龄层的人中，90%以上开车。

这比任何年龄段的比例都高，这代人是最痴迷汽车的一代。

他们年轻时，汽车象征着自由、财富、美国梦，汽车难以和他们的生命分开。

然而，他们恰恰是正在退场的一代。

新一代的年轻人考驾照的年龄普遍偏晚。

驾照拿得晚的人，一般开车比较少。

英国一项研究显示，快三十岁时领到驾照的，比起年轻十岁就开始开车的人来，开车要少30%。

在德国，年轻的有车家庭在增加，但开车的却少了。

大家买了车，但越来越多的时间是放在那里，偶尔才用。

姜堰区第一次月质量检测高二语文试卷（2015.10）一、语言文字运用（18分）1．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（）（１）世上读书人知道有一副对联是劝人苦读的，曰：书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟。

（２）契诃夫从平凡的日常生活取材，把笔触人物的内心深处。

（３）我们鉴赏一部小说，要透过故事的枝叶，仔细生活这棵常青的大树的根。

Ａ．大都伸向寻味Ｂ．全都伸入寻味Ｃ．全都伸向寻觅Ｄ．大都伸向寻觅2．下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一句是（3分）（）Ａ．由于这里自然条件优越，又有一个团结向上的领导班子，因而人民的生活安居乐业。

．．．．．Ｂ．举世瞩目的长江三峡工程捷报飞来，上下游围堰合龙工程一蹴而就．．．．。

滔滔江水驯服地沿着导流的渠道奔腾而去。

Ｃ．他不肯在命运面前退缩，不肯学世人之随波逐流．．．．。

?Ｄ．在抗击“非典”的斗争中，各部门都要有全局观念，那种目无全牛．．．．，忽视整体利益的做法是不对的3.下列各句中，没有语病．．．．的一句是 (3分) （）A．中国社科院主办的《气候变化绿皮书》指出，2013年1月至10月，全国平均雾霾日数为30天左右，频繁雾霾天气导致部分地区空气质量下降，给人体健康带来严重危害。

B．2013年11月以来，雾霾天气给淮安人民的出行带来不便；气象机构预测，近期将有一股较强冷空气影响中国中东部地区，对驱散淮安的雾霾天气起到积极作用。

C．寒风瑟瑟的冬天，中国人民大学，这座着名学府在遭受自主招生的“雾霾”后，另一着名学府，复旦大学将在全国试行“推优直选”录取试点生的办法。

D．面对日本等国的鼓噪，有学者认为，2014的甲午之年，是否会成为中日间事关国运衰荣的又一个“雾霾”之年，很大程度上取决于日本社会精英层对中日“对抗博弈”的把控。

4．（5分）汉语的奇妙在于，特殊的语境，会出现特殊的或潜在含义。

下面是《婚姻与生活》记者采访已经博士毕业，但仍单身的吴小瑛时两人的对话。

记者：您大学恋爱过吗？小瑛：上大学时，爱上一个人。

2015～2016学年度第一学期期末抽测高二年级语文试题参考答案一、语言文字运用（15分）1.（3分）C (无可非议：没有什么可以指责的，表示做得妥当。

无可厚非：不能过分责备，指说话做事虽有缺点，但还有可取之处，应予谅解。

平常：经常发生或出现的。

平庸：寻常而不突出。

鄙视：轻视，看不起。

忽视：不重视，不注意)2．（3分）A（B.语意不明：改为“使滕王阁成为登临的名胜”；C.主谓搭配不当。

“状况”与“提高”不搭配，应将“提高”改成“恶化”。

D.关联词位置不当：将“之所以”放在“基因组计划”之后）3.（3分）D(马声骄，指马声洪亮，响亮，非拟人手法)4.（3分）B（本语段以空间顺序（荔枝的产地）为主，间以时间顺序说明了“荔枝原产于我国，是我国的特产”）5．（3分）（1）C（图案上方为五只象征和平与希望的和平鸽由远及近展翅飞翔，表现对历史的纪念、对和平的向往，也象征五大洲人民团结一心，在血与火的洗礼后重生，携手前行，共创美好未来）（2）C、E（C.妙玉仍未能逐出尘世肮脏的门槛。

E.“孙吉人”换成“赵伯韬”）二、文言文阅读（18分）6.（3分）D（宝：以……为宝）7.（3分）D（往时的“董羽”而非现在的“董羽”）8.（8分）（1）（孙位）画奔腾的流水、巨大的波浪，水流随着山石的形态而曲折，随着流水所遇到的山石形状不同而赋予水的不同形态，把水的变化都画尽了，（他的画）被人们称为“神逸”之作。

[4分。

“湍”（急流）、“与”（协同，一起，这里指随着）、“赋”（赋予）、“神逸”（“神逸”的画）各1分]（2）王孙富人有时倚仗势力让他作画，永升就嘻嘻哈哈取笑他们一番，扔下笔扬长而去。

[（4分。

“或”（有时）、“以”（凭借、倚仗）、“之”（代词，作画）、“舍去”（扔下笔扬长而去）]9.（4分）①随山石形状而赋予水不同形态(随物赋形)；②将主观情志与画中景物融为一体（性与画会）（每点2分）【参考译文】古今画师画水，大多用细小的纹路把水画成平静广远的样子，那些画得好的也不过能够画出波浪的起伏，以至使人用手摸画时，感觉上水的波纹有高低起伏的形状，认为这已经是极妙的境界了。

常州市2015-2016高二上学期英语期末统考卷第一卷：（选择题，共80分）第一部分：听力（20分）第二部分：语言知识运用（30分）第一节：单项选择（10分）21.Poverty is one of the major problems ____ the children living in remote mountainous areas?A. faceB. facingC. faced withD. being facing22.---Shall we go to the seven o’clock performance or the eight? ---_______ suits you best.A．whatever B．whenever C．however D．Whichever23.You probably can’t get much sleep if you live near _______ a wedding reception ______.A the place; is being heldB the place where; has been heldC where; is being heldD which; has been held24.In a debate, ___ the side you don’t believe in can encourage your critical thinking.A taking upB take awayC taking onD take in25.By the time we realize we _____ what we treasure, it’ll be too late to do anything about it.A will loseB lostC have lostD had lost26.There you are! I have been looking for you everywhere. This is the last place in the world I ____ to findyou.A would have expectedB would expectC have expectedD had expected27._____I accept that he’s not perfect in many respects, I do actually quite like the man.A WhenB AsC BecauseD While28.---How did you sleep last night?--- _____. Never slept better.A Like a logB Counting sheep all nightC As a pigD Like the early bird29.Parents should provide children with a wonderful and secure childhood _____ they feel loved, valued andlistened to.A thatB whereC whichD how30.To allow all students ____ to education, China has to increase education spending to 4.5 percent of GDP.A accessB opportunityC accountD commitment第二节完形填空（20分）A weak old man went to live with his son,daughter-in-law, and a four-year-old grandson. The old man’s hands _31___, his eyesight was poor, and his step was unsteady. The family ate together nightly at the dinner table. But, the elderly grandfather`s shaky hands and ___32_ sight made eating rather difficult. Peas __33__ his spoon onto the floor. When he grasped the glass, often milk spilled on the tablecloth.The son and daughter-in-law became _34____ with the mess.So, the husband and wife _35__ a small table in the corner. There Grandfather __36__ alone , while the rest of the family enjoyed dinner at the dinner table. Since grandfather had broken a dish or two, his food was served in a _37__ bowl.Sometimes when the family glanced in grandfather`s direction, the old man had __38__ in his eyes. _39____,the only words the couple had for him were _40___ scoldings(责骂), when he dropped a fork or spilled food. The four-year-old grandson watched it all __41__.One evening, before supper, the father noticed his son playing with wood pieces on the floor. He asked the child sweetly , “What are you making? Just as sweetly, the boy __42__, “Oh, I am making a little bowl foryou and Mama to eat your food from when I grow up. ”The four-year-old son smiled and went back to work. The words so _43___ the parents that they were speechless. Then tears started to ___44_ their cheeks. That evening, the husband took Grandfather`s hand and gently led him back to the family table.For the reminder of his days he ate every meal with the family. And, for some reason, neither husband nor wife seemed to care any longer when a fork was dropped, or milk spilled, or the tablecloth__45__.Children are extremely _46___. Their eyes always observe, their ears always listen, and their minds always __47__ the messages they absorb. If they see us patiently provide a happy home _48___ for family members, they will __49__ the attitude for the rest of their lives. The wise parent realize that every day is being __50____ for the child’s future. Let us all be wise builders and role models.31. A roughed B froze C troubled D trembled32. A narrowing B sharpening C failing D darkening33. A rolled off B fell down C broken up D dropped out34. A relaxed B concerned C worried D annoyed35. A fetched B set C rent D fixed36. A ate B waited C watched D cried37. A plastic B glass C wooden D metal38. A trust B hate C fears D tears39. A Instead B Still C So D Therefore40. A sudden B mild C sharp D polite41. A in silence B in favor C in anger D at once42. A repeated B requested C remarked D responded43. A involved B struck C frightened D bothered44. A pour from B come off C stream down D make up45. A burst B bowed C tore D dirtied46. A aware B sensitive C admirable D awkward47. A deal with B make closer C comment on D refer to48. A atmosphere B situation C surrounding D background49. A adjust B review C copy D polish50. A applied B paid C supposed D laid第三部分：阅读理解：（满分30分）AOctober 31st is Halloween, a Western "ghost festival". Chinese people also have ghost festival on July 15 of lunar calendar, which is called "Zhongyuan Festival" or "Hungry Ghost Festival". The ghosts are believed to be released for no more than two days during Halloween, while it's at least for one month during Chinese ghost festival.Stemmed from different cultures, let's see how they are different and how they are similar.Keep evolving & Tradition sustainsThe Halloween, stemming from a festival of warding spirits in Ireland, has evolved from pagan to Christian, and to secular, with the theme becoming a carnival(狂欢节) for all.Zhongyuan Festival originates from Buddhist traditions, and then integrates Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism, which still remains a religious observance in China.Expel ghosts & Respect ghostsThe two festivals, both themed on ghosts, have different attitudes toward them. During Halloween, people dress up like ghosts to scare away spirits rather than please them. While during Chinese Zhongyuan Festival, people burn paper money and sacrifice the spirits to show their respect.Funny & ScaryThe Halloween has become a full-of-fun carnival when people dress up, play trick-or-treat games, and partying. With its light theme, the festival has been celebrated around the world, also in China.While Chinese Zhongyuan Festival is still a serious thing and people are scared of ghosts when talking about them. There are some taboos during the festival which can avoid the spirits from hurting you, like no swimming and no walking outside late at night.Pumpkin lantern & Water lanternDuring Halloween, people make pumpkin lights, which are made by hollowing the pumpkin, carving evil faces on the surface and put candles inside, used to drive out the spirits.During Zhongyuan Festival, Chinese people also make river lanterns which are made by pasting paper into a lotus shapes with a lamp or candle placed inside. Lanterns are released to rivers or lakes to guide the way for the dead people to the dark hell.51.The Halloween is celebrated worldwide because _______.A it is a western cultureB people like playing a trick by natureC many activities are heldD it provides entertainment for people52.Which of the following should people avoid doing during Chinese Zhongyuan Festival?A Going outing late that nightB Talking about ghostsC Releasing river lanternsD Burning paper money53.What do the two ghost festivals have in common?A Ghosts enjoy freedom for about one month.B Religious tradition is still kept alive.C People have respect for ghosts.D Lanterns are made to drive away spirits.BMy children are unlikely to read this, which is lucky for me, because it would give them support for the ongoing “Can we get a dog or a cat?”argument. Because the research suggests that having one is good for children. A study published in JAMA Pediatrics shows that children who had a dog in their first year of life were 13% less likely to develop asthma(哮喘) by the time they were six than those from dog-free households. It is believed that children are more likely to develop allergies(过敏) if they are brought up in super-clean environments. This study allowed for other factors that increase the risk of asthma, but can still show only an association.It is estimated that 46% of the households in the UK have pets, with dogs and then cats the most common animals. The evidence on the benefit of having cats in reducing allergies is inconsistent, but some research shows that pets make children healthier. A study of 397 Finnish babies in 2012 found that, during their first year of life, those whose parents had dogs or cats had fewer colds and needed less antibiotics(抗生素) than those from homes without pets. Dogs offered more protection than cats. The researchers think this is because they brought in more dirt from outside to cause the babies’ immune system(免疫系统) to function.There is also some evidence that having a pet may make children feel more popular and be more understanding. Older studies found that pets increased the amount of time families spent together as well as the amount of “fun” they had.Pets can help children to learn about responsibility, take more exercise (if you get a dog) and deal with loss--- who can forget when their family pet got run over?However, the research for health benefits is not strong enough on its own to give good reason for a pet in our home. Both dogs and cats have a tendency to poop(大便), and they can carry worms or other parasites(寄生虫). Also, while I couldn’t find any studies, it seems that few children look after the animals they repeatedly asked their parents for.54.According to some research, having a pet makes children healthier because_____.A they are unlikely to develop asthmaB they live in a super-clean environmentC pets can protect them from dangerD dirt makes them better able to defend against disease55.Having pets has the following benefits except ________.A gaining popularityB having more responsibilityC increasing the time with familyD avoiding suffering from losses56.What does the last para mainly talk about?A There is no good reason for having pets.B Having pets had its disadvantages.C Children share the care of pets with parents.D Pets may bring diseases to children.57.What can be the best title for the passage?A Will having a pet make your child healthier.B What benefits do pets bring to your child.C How does having a pet reduce the risk of disease?D Can children have a dog or a cat?CIt's easy to assume that when you finally lose those excess pounds, life will change for the better. But dieting can in fact make you miserable and more at risk of depression, a study claims.Researchers found that losing weight didn’t make people happy. Instead, those who successfully slimmed down were almost twice as likely to feel sad, lonely and listless than those who stayed the same weight or got fatter.The research, at University College London, found that the advertising industry tells dieters their lives will be transformed when they are thinner. They then feel disappointed when they discover little has changed other than their weight. In addition, dieting itself can be difficult, which in turn can cause people to feel down.The findings come from a study of almost 2,000 overweight and obese men and women aged 50 and over. They were weighed at the start of the study and answered questions about how often they felt sad, lonely and listless. Four years later, some 14 per cent of the volunteers had lost at least 5 per cent of their body weight –an amount known to improve health.Tests showed their blood pressure and levels of harmful blood fats had dropped, however their mood was also lower. Those who had lost weight were 78 per cent more likely to have symptoms of depression than those who hadn’t.And importantly, the link could not be explained away by participants’having fallen ill or suffered a bereavement(丧亲) or divorce during the intervening years, the journal PLOS ONE reported.Researcher Sarah Jackson said: ‘We do not want to discourage anyone from trying to lose weight, which has tremendous physical benefits, but people should not expect weight loss to instantly improve all aspects of life.The difficulties of sticking to a diet may also have a negative effect on mood, the researchers found.‘Dieting requires considerable willpower and it might involve missing out on special meals and eating in restaurants. It is not necessarily the most pleasant experience for people.‘Lots of people want to lose weight thinking it will fix all their problems. But while it will go some way towards fixing their health, it won’t necessarily make them happier in the short-term.’She added that it is possible that slimmers are happier eventually, especially if they feel a sense of achievement from reaching their target weight and maintaining it.58. It can be learned from the passage that ______.A the difficulty in dieting makes people feel stressedB overweight women are more likely to suffer depressionC with blood pressure dropping, people’s mood dropped tooD the more weight one loses, the more depression he is to suffer59. Researchers Sarah Jackson may agree that ______.A people shouldn’t go on dietsB dieting can’t make people fitter and healthierC dieters’ life will be improved when they are thinnerD people shouldn’t expect too much from going on diets60. The writer’s attitude toward dieting is _____.A objectiveB subjectiveC optimisticD pessimistic61. The main idea of the passage is ______.A dieting makes people fitter and healthierB dieting helps people solve many a problemC dieting makes people depressedD dieting makes people lose pleasant experiencesD(选择A 卷的请做此篇)Recently, while eating lunch by myself at a local diner, I realized something that genuinely bothered me: I’m losing the ability to sit and do nothing. Where I used to be able to sit contently and simply daydream or observe my surroundings, I now feel anxious, restless, and awkward if I’m sitting alone with nothing specific for my hands or brain to do.It didn’t take me long to figure out why. Looking around at the other solo diners that day, I noticed something common: the smart phone. Technology is replacing something many people have never thought was worth doing—sitting still and simply letting your mind wander.I worry that the more dependent we become on technology to help us pass idle time, the less likely we’ll be to allow our minds to wander in positive ways. It’s already become common for parents to hand their kids an iPhone when they’re complaining of boredom. While I recognize the logic-enhancing and hand/eye coordination(协调) benefits of video games in young people, I can’t help but wonder how that constant stimulation is taking away opportunities for them to expand their imaginations, creativity, and overall mindfulness.I’m noticing it in older generations, too. Just the other day, I witnessed a woman walking outside on a beautiful morning with her head down, reading a Kindle. Meanwhile, the natural beauty of her surroundings was going by unnoticed. While it’s true that she was engaging her imagination through the book, her brain was missing out on a different kind of stimulation—the kind you can only get when you allow yourself to truly appreciate the natural world we’re all apart of. And lest you think stopping to smell the roses or listening to the birds sing isn’t all that important, consider that establishing a true and lasting connection to nature may be only way we’ll be able to shake society’s general apathy toward climate change and make the real changes necessary to curb its impacts.Which brings me to my favorite argument for why we need to spend more time staring into space rather than into ascreen: how else can we encourage the cutting-edge ideas, innovations, and solutions that only seem to pop into one’s mind when it’s disengaged from a specific task and allowed to wander? I recently read Mason Currey’s book Daily Rituals: How Artists Work, which is a fascinating rundown of the work habits of 161 of history’s greatest creative thinkers from Matisse and Mahler to Freud and Einstein. What stood out to me by the end was how many of them took time out of their busy days to take a walk or just sit and seemingly do nothing. Who knows how many world-changing ideas first made themselves apparent during those daily moments of stillness and contemplation? It suggested to me that what we consider “downtime”may actually be the access point to a higher plane of thinking—one that I’m hoping to find my way back into now that I’ve opened my eyes again to the world that exists outside of the phone in my pocket.来源：Christian Williams is Editor in Chief of Utne Reader; contact him at cwilliams@ or follow him on Twitter: @cwwilliams. He also paints and makes music. View and listen to his work at .62. The author feels awkward at a local diner because he/she ______.A doesn’t have a smart phoneB has no company when eatingC finds him/herself dependent on technologyD is looking at other people dining63. What can be inferred from para 3 and 4?A Video games are beneficial to expend children’s imaginationsB Reading on a Kindle can’t develop imagination like physical books.C Technology has brought great change to the natural world.D Heavy dependence on technology will kill people’s creative thinking.64. The underlined word “apathy” (para 4) has the possible meaning of _______.A uncertain attitudeB lacking concernC immediate measuresD urgent warning65. Mason Curry’ s book is mentioned in the last para to indicate____.A how artists work in their spare timeB even great thinkers do nothing sometimesC doing nothing encourages inspirationD stillness makes a quick access to being great thinkersD(选择B卷的同学请做此篇)Being busy has somehow become a symbol of honor. The popular idea is that if you aren’t super busy, you aren’t important or hardworking. The truth is, busyness makes you less productive.When we think of a super busy person, we think of a ringing phone, a flood of e-mails, and a schedule that’s bursting with major projects and side-projects hitting at the same time. Such a situation leads to multi-tasking and interruption, which are both deadly to productivity.David Meyer from the University of Michigan published a study recently that showed that switching what you’re doing mid-task increases the time it takes you to finish both tasks by 25%.“Multitasking is going to slow you down, increasing the chances of mistakes,”Meyer said.Microsoft decided to study this phenomenon in their workers and found that it took people an average of 15 minutes to return to their important projects (such as writing reports or computer code) every time they were interrupted by e-mails, phone calls, or other messages. They didn’t spend the 15 minutes on the interrupting messages, either; the interruptions led them to stray to other activities, such as surfing the web for pleasure.Beyond interruptions, busyness reduces productivity because there’s a bottleneck in the brain that prevents us from concentrating on two things at once. When you try to do two things at once, your brain lacks the capacity to perform both tasks successfully. In a breakthrough study, RenéMarois and his colleagues at Vanderbuilt University used MRIs tosuccessfully pinpoint a physical source for this bottleneck. The study suggested that practicing mindfulness increases your ability to focus and concentrate because it increases brain density in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). As it turns out, multitasking has the opposite effect on this critical brain area. Researchers from the University of Sussex compared the amount of time people spend on multiple devices (such as texting while watching TV) to MRI scans of their brains. They found that high multitaskers had less brain density in the ACC. It’s as if being busy all the time (via multitasking) trains your brain to be mindless and unproductive.I doubt these findings completely surprise you as we’ve all felt the distracting pull of competing tasks when we’re busy. So why do we keep doing it?Researchers from the University of Chicago have the answer. They found that the belief that busyness is a sign of success and hard work is so prevalent that we actually fear inactivity.The researchers also found that we use busyness to hide from our laziness and fear of failure. We burn valuable time doing things that aren’t necessary or important because this busyness makes us feel productive. For instance, responding to non-urgent e-mails when you know you have a big project that you need to finish.We are naturally drawn to being busy despite the fact that this hinders our productivity. As it turns out, you really do have to slow down to do your best. When you don’t, the consequences can be severe.来源：https:///pulse/how-being-busy-makes-you-less-productive-dr-travis-bradberry62. Busyness makes you unproductive because_____.A the possibility of making mistakes increases by 25%.B people are likely to be interrupted by other messages.C people spend too much time on urgent thingsD the less time you will spend on tasks63. According to the studies, the less brain density in the ACC you have, _____.A the more focused you will be on workB the less productive you will becomeC the more tasks you can take at onceD the less time you will spend on tasks64. People are drawn to being busy all the time for the following reasons except ____.A busyness makes you feel more productiveB busyness means you are hardworkingC busyness has become a sign of successD busyness can prevent you from failure65. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?第二卷（非选择题共40分）第四部分：任务型阅读（满分10分）Was Jesus happy？Americans tend to think Jesus was happy, extrovert(外向的), agreeable, kind and caring. Koreans, on the other hand, associate Jesus more with suffering, sacrifice, and pity, according to a recent analysis in Personality and Social PsychologyConnections.Responses to the simple question about Jesus and happiness, whose Biblical depiction is essentially the same worldwide, turn out to involve complex factors, such as shared life histories among groups of people, culture and possibly even genetics."Americans meet far more strangers than others and need to be more extroverted than the Japanese, Koreans and others who tend to interact with a small number of people repeatedly, so extroversion is a highly valued asset in the U.S.," Shigehiro Oishi, lead author of the study, told Discovery News. "In the end, happiness, extroversion, and kindness are all highly valued qualities among Americans, and they might just see Jesus to have these highly desirable characteristics."Oishi said that "Buddhism and other religions had been firmly in place in Korea before the introduction of Christianity, and life is suffering in Buddhism. The main goal of Buddhism was to reduce pain and suffering.”Other cultural differences may further explain the American and Korean responses. Oishi said such differences pose "an egg and chicken problem" involving genetics and shared life experiences, since one can affect the other. It is also unclear if the image of Jesus might be culturally constructed to fit an existing ideal, or if it could reflect an individual's self-image.Casey Eggleston, a researcher at the University of Virginia, told Discovery News that language differences also come into play, with the meaning of happiness differing across cultures over time."The historical definition included concepts of luck and good fortune, but that meaning has fallen out of use in the U.S., where many believe they can pursue and obtain happiness by their own effort, while it remains a major part of the concept in most other cultures," she explained."Similarly, the emotional connotation of the word happy varies substantially. While the American concept typically includes upbeat positive emotions like excitement, the concept in East Asia tends to focus more on calm positive emotions like peace and contentment."The researchers chose to focus on two particular countries, but they expect respondents in other nations with a large Christian base would also provide different, culture-predicted responses to the question, "Was Jesus happy?"As for Oishi's answer to whether or not Jesus was happy, he said, "I don't know for sure, but I don't think so. He had a tough life."来源：/human/psychology/jesus-happy-120406.htm discovery newsTheme Was Jesus happy?Different___66_____ Americans are more likely to associate Jesus with __67____ meanings while Koreans with negative ones.Various _68___ in the differences Life history More social __69__ leads Americans to value extroversion more than Koreans. Culture ●Long before Christianity was __70__ to Korea, Koreans believe in Buddhism, whose teachings foucus on _71___.●The image of Jesus may be created to fit for or __72_ the culture.__73____ Happiness has different meanings __74__ on different cultures over time.●Historically, happiness is no longer associated with luck in the USA as in othercultures.●__75__, happiness can mean excitement to Americans but peace andcontentment to Asians.Conclusion There is no definite answer to the question.第五部分：单词拼写：（5分）76. They collect 1.35 yuan per day from each member and add it to some money c______ by the government.77. Many Chinese people remain “too shy” to express their great a_____ for their parents.78. She accepted his i________ to join him for lunch this weekend.79. The students p_____ actively in school activities are more likely to be outgoing persons.80. My job with the UN is not paid but v______, and I visit countries to help those in need.81. Many job seekers seem to have no interest in certain positions, with 800 left _____(空缺的).82. More practice is the key to ______ (保证) a successful performance.83. I couldn’t stand other people ____(取笑) about my red hair when I was at school.84. Women were becoming more ______(政治) active and trying to bring about social change.85. Online learning requires much time, ____ (全心投入) and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course.第六部分：书面表达（25分）A卷下面是一位名叫Mary的女孩写给某报编辑的一封信，请以编辑的身份给她回一封信。

2015－2016学年第一学期期末考试试卷高二语文2016. 1注意事项：考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求1．本试卷满分为160分，考试时间为150分钟。

2．答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在答题卡的规定位置上，考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，在本试卷上答题无效。

一、语言文字运用(15分)1．在下面一段话空缺处依次填入词语，最恰当．．．的一组是(3分)近日外媒撰文称，诺基亚的衰落▲ 了芬兰的创业公司，最开始大家都以为是▲ ，现在看反而是拯救了芬兰。

大量被裁员工极大地刺激了创业市场，他们广泛分布在游戏、洁净科技、生物、健康与教育等领域。

在这些领域中，移动游戏▲ ，成为芬兰的新名片。

A．激活噩梦别开生面B．激励噩耗别开生面C．激励噩梦别具一格D．激活噩耗别具一格2．下列各句中，没有．．语病的一项是(3分)A．如今，手机在中小学校园大有泛滥之势，怎样有效地劝阻孩子不玩手机，而是集中精力投入学习，这让很多家长感到困惑。

B．国际放射防护委员会对人体可接受的辐射剂量限值有明确规定，对于普通公众，要求一年内不超过5毫西弗左右。

C．“新生代农民工”自从被列入政府重点关注的对象之后，各级政府积极行动，将关心新生代农民工成长作为新一年度工作重点。

D．本届世俱杯上，恒大欲与巴萨过招的愿望终于实现。

赛前的新闻发布会，吸引了包括西班牙、巴西等国在内的几十家报社的记者。

3．下列诗句中，没有．．使用借代手法的一项是(3分)A．宫女如花满春殿，只今惟有鹧鸪飞。

(李白《越中览古》)B．朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨。

(杜甫《自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字》)C．谈笑间、樯橹灰飞烟灭。

(苏轼《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》)D．知否、知否？应是绿肥红瘦。

(李清照《如梦令》)4．在下面一段文字横线处填入语句，衔接最恰当．．．的一项是(3分)在我的记忆中，以前这里的民宅大都是吊脚楼，▲ ，▲ 。

▲ ，▲。

▲ ，▲ 。

2015-2016学年度上学期（期末）考试高二语文试题【新课标】一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

“家风”是一个家族开展教育的起点。

在传统中国，社会教育不发达，人的成长往往依赖家庭教育。

许多大的家族组织，承担着对本家族成员的社会保障功能。

家族成员之间通过礼仪性的活动取得联系，同时也接受家族的集体约束。

在这一层面，家风家训好比家族“纲领”，指导和规训着每一位家族成员的生活和行为。

“家风”还是家族的共识性的道德观念。

无锡《锦树堂钱氏宗谱》所记载钱氏《家训》，可以概括为“孝、悌、忠、信、礼、义、廉、耻”八字。

在传统社会，家风往往是儒家核心价值观念的具体展开，因族群的生活环境及文化传统不同，侧重会略有不同，但无外乎是教人向善、积极进取、勤劳节俭。

在每一个具体的家族中，家风不仅仅是道德教化的口号，还是家族精神的体现，通过代代家族成员具体的行为而践行和传承。

有的历史人物，可能和这个家族并无直接的血缘关系，但是因为相同姓氏往往也被说成是本族的祖先。

用祖先的荣耀和事迹，增强自身的荣誉感和尊严感，凝聚家族成员，使他们对于姓氏家族本身产生认同。

家风实际是一种经过历史积累而形成的精神尺度。

中共中央办公厅印发的《关于培养和践行社会主义核心价值观的意见》，为积极培育和践行社会主义核心价值观指明了方向：国家层面倡导富强、民主、文明、和谐，社会层面倡导自由、平等、公正、法治，公民层面倡导爱国、敬业、诚信、友善。

这是对社会主义核心价值观的高度概括，反映了现阶段全国人民价值观的“最大公约数”。

从家风到社会主义核心价值观，一个具体现实，一个宏观抽象，二者其实存在深刻的内在联系。

正是有了家风这样的微观载体，宏观抽象的社会主义核心价值观才会变得具体而鲜活，也就更容易从精神层面的“深入”，到具体行动上的“浅出”。

现实中，家庭就是这样一个很好的载体。

中国传统文化讲究“修身、齐家、治国，平天下”，强调个人、家庭、国家的统一。