Microbiology 微生物学分类相关中英文对照

常见微生物界（Domain）、门(Phylum)、纲（Class）、目(Order)、科(Family)、属(Genus)、种(Species)中英文对照界（Domain）Bacteria细菌Archaea古生菌门（Phylum）Proteobacteria 变形菌门Bacteroidetes 拟杆菌门Actinobacteria 放线菌门Gemmatimonadetes 芽单胞菌门Acidobacteria 酸杆菌门Planctomycetes 浮霉菌门Verrucomicrobia 疣微菌门Chloroflexi 绿弯菌门Nitrospirae 硝化螺旋菌门Firmicutes 厚壁菌门Chlorobi 绿菌门Cyanobacteria 蓝藻细菌门Fibrobacteres 纤维杆菌门Elusimicrobia 迷踪菌门Armatimonadetes 装甲菌门Euryarchaeota 广古菌门Chlamydiae 衣原体Crenarchaeota 泉古菌门Tenericutes 无壁菌门Spirochaetes 螺旋体属Alphaproteobacteria 甲型（α）变形杆菌纲Gammaproteobacteria 丙型变形菌纲Betaproteobacteria β-变形菌纲Actinobacteria 放线菌门、纲Cytophagia 纤维粘网菌Gemmatimonadetes 芽单胞菌门、纲Deltaproteobacteria δ-变形菌纲Acidobacteria-6 酸杆菌门Acidimicrobiia 酸微菌纲Verrucomicrobiae 疣微菌纲Opitutae 丰佑菌纲Nitrospira 消化螺菌属Thermomicrobia 热微菌门Bacteroidia 拟杆菌纲Bacilli 杆菌Chloroflexi 绿弯菌门Anaerolineae 厌氧绳菌纲Clostridia 梭状芽胞杆菌Elusimicrobia 迷踪菌门Ktedonobacteria 纤线杆菌纲Thermoplasmata 热原体纲Chlamydiia 衣原体Thaumarchaeota 奇古菌门Mollicutes 柔膜菌纲Methanomicrobia 甲烷微菌纲Holophagae 全噬菌纲Spirochaetes 螺旋体属Xanthomonadales 黄单孢菌目Sphingomonadales 鞘脂单胞菌目Burkholderiales 伯克霍尔德氏菌目Actinomycetales 放线菌目Cytophagales 噬纤维菌目Myxococcales 粘球菌目Acidimicrobiales 酸微菌目Rhizobiales 根瘤菌目Sphingobacteriales 鞘脂杆菌目Flavobacteriales 黄杆菌目Caulobacterales 柄杆菌目Rhodospirillales 红螺菌目Alteromonadales 交替单胞菌目Enterobacteriales 肠杆菌目Verrucomicrobiales 疣微菌目Opitutales 丰佑菌目Gemmatimonadales 芽单胞菌目Nitrospirales 硝化螺旋菌目Pseudomonadales 假单胞菌目Planctomycetales 浮霉菌目Bacteroidales 拟杆菌目Syntrophobacterales 互营杆菌目Bacillales 芽孢杆菌目Thiotrichales 硫发菌目Rhodobacterales 红细菌目，红杆菌目Methylophilales 噬甲基菌目Nitrosomonadales 亚硝化单胞菌目Streptophyta 木霉菌目Clostridiales 梭菌目Legionellales 军团菌目Bdellovibrionales 蛭弧菌目Rubrobacterales 红色杆菌目Caldilineales 暖绳菌目Herpetosiphonales 爬管菌目Chloroflexales 绿弯菌目Rickettsiales 立克次氏体目Acidobacteriales 酸杆菌目Micrococcales 微球菌目Rhodocyclales 红环菌目Stramenopiles 不等鞭毛类Chlamydiales 衣原体目Ktedonobacterales 纤线杆菌目Neisseriales 奈瑟菌目Oceanospirillales 海洋螺菌目Anaeroplasmatales 厌氧原体目Natranaerobiales 盐碱厌氧菌目Halanaerobiales 盐碱厌氧菌目Procabacteriales 普罗卡杆菌目Sphaerobacterales 球杆菌目Methylococcales 甲基球菌目Chlorophyta 绿藻门Holophagales 全噬菌目Methanosarcinales 八叠球菌目，球菌目Bifidobacteriales 双歧杆菌目Methanomicrobiales 甲烷微菌目Aeromonadales 气单胞菌目Spirochaetales 螺旋体目Desulfuromonadales 除硫单胞菌目科（family）Sphingomonadaceae 鞘脂单胞菌科Xanthomonadaceae 黄单胞菌科Cytophagaceae 噬纤维菌科Oxalobacteraceae 草酸杆菌科Nocardioidaceae 类诺卡氏菌科Comamonadaceae 丛毛单胞菌科Caulobacteraceae 柄杆菌科Sphingobacteriaceae 鞘脂杆菌科Flavobacteriaceae 黄杆菌科Sinobacteraceae 华杆菌科Rhodospirillaceae 红螺旋菌科Hyphomicrobiaceae 生丝微菌科Polyangiaceae 多囊粘菌科Erythrobacteraceae 赤杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae 肠杆菌科Verrucomicrobiaceae 疣微菌科Geodermatophilaceae 地嗜皮菌科Opitutaceae 丰佑菌科Streptomycetaceae 链霉菌科Alteromonadaceae 交替单胞菌科Micrococcaceae 微球菌科Actinosynnemataceae 束丝防线菌科Micromonosporaceae 微单胞菌科Pseudomonadaceae 假单胞菌科Planctomycetaceae 浮霉菌科Nannocystaceae 侏囊菌科Syntrophobacteraceae 互营杆菌科Sporichthyaceae 鱼孢菌科Streptosporangiaceae 链孢囊菌科Bradyrhizobiaceae 慢生根瘤菌科Piscirickettsiaceae 鱼立克次体科Rhizobiaceae 根瘤菌科Microbacteriaceae 微杆菌科Pseudonocardiaceae 假诺卡氏科Bacillaceae 芽孢杆菌科Intrasporangiaceae 间孢囊菌科Nitrospiraceae 硝化螺旋菌科Methylophilaceae 噬甲基菌科Phyllobacteriaceae 叶杆菌科，叶瘤菌科Alcaligenaceae 产碱菌科，产碱杆菌科Nitrosomonadaceae 亚硝化单胞菌科Rhodobacteraceae 红杆菌科Thermomonosporaceae 高温单胞菌科Glycomycetaceae 糖霉菌科Acetobacteraceae 醋杆菌科Mycobacteriaceae 分支杆菌科Hyphomonadaceae 生丝单胞菌科Rubrobacteraceae 红色杆菌科Cystobacteraceae 孢囊杆菌科Caldilineaceae 暖绳菌科Rhodobiaceae 红菌科，红游动菌科Burkholderiaceae 伯克氏菌科Coxiellaceae 柯克斯体科Bdellovibrionaceae 蛭弧菌科Acidobacteriaceae 酸杆菌科Clostridiaceae 梭菌科Paenibacillaceae 类芽孢杆菌科Bacteriovoracaceae 噬菌弧菌科Myxococcaceae 粘液球菌科Cellulomonadaceae 纤维素单胞菌科Beijerinckiaceae 拜叶林克氏菌科Frankiaceae 弗兰克氏菌科Rhodocyclaceae 红环菌科Planococcaceae 动球菌科Methylocystaceae 甲基孢囊菌科Nocardiaceae 诺卡式菌科Chloroflexaceae 绿屈挠菌科Thermoactinomycetaceae 高温放线菌科Staphylococcaceae 葡萄球菌科Alicyclobacillaceae 环脂酸芽孢杆菌科Nocardiopsaceae 拟诺卡式菌科Legionellaceae 军团菌科Ktedonobacteraceae 纤线杆菌科Gemmatimonadaceae 芽单胞菌科Moraxellaceae 莫拉氏菌科Corynebacteriaceae 棒状杆菌科Parachlamydiaceae 副衣原体科Cystobacterineae 孢囊杆菌亚目Aurantimonadaceae 橙单胞菌科Bogoriellaceae 博格利亚湖菌科Methylobacteriaceae 甲基杆菌科Rickettsiaceae 立克次氏体Brucellaceae 布鲁氏菌科Lachnospiraceae 毛螺菌科Neisseriaceae 奈瑟氏菌科Halomonadaceae 盐单胞菌科Anaeroplasmataceae 厌氧原体科Peptococcaceae 消化球菌科，冻球菌科Halanaerobiaceae 盐厌氧菌科Peptostreptococcaceae 消化链球菌科Dermabacteraceae 皮杆菌科Procabacteriaceae 普洛卡杆菌科Kineosporiaceae 动孢囊菌科Methylococcaceae 甲基球菌科Syntrophomonadaceae 单胞菌科，互营单胞菌科Oscillochloridaceae 颤绿菌科Chlamydomonadaceae 【植物】衣藻科Holosporaceae 全胞菌科Gordoniaceae 戈登氏菌科Shewanellaceae 希万氏菌科Aeromonadaceae 气单胞菌科Geobacteraceae 地杆菌科Brevibacteriaceae 短杆菌科Porphyromonadaceae 紫单胞菌科Xanthobacteraceae 黄色杆菌科Spirochaetaceae 螺旋体科Propionibacteriaceae 丙酸杆菌科属（Genus）Janthinobacterium 紫色杆菌属Flavobacterium 黄杆菌属Thermomonas 热单胞菌属Mycoplana 枝动杆菌属Sorangium 堆囊菌属Opitutus 丰佑菌属Sphingomonas 鞘脂单胞菌属Streptomyces 链霉菌属Lysobacter 溶杆菌属Cellvibrio 纤维弧菌属Pedobacter 地杆菌属Aeromicrobium 气微菌属Rhodoplanes 红游动菌属Pseudomonas 假单胞菌属Planctomyces 浮霉状菌属Phenylobacterium 苯基杆菌属Pseudoxanthomonas 假黄色单胞菌属Sphingobium 鞘脂菌属Nannocystis 侏囊菌属Variovorax 贪噬菌属Luteimonas 单胞菌属Gemmata 出芽菌属Saccharothrix 糖丝菌属Prosthecobacter 突柄杆菌属Pirellula 小梨型菌属Acidovorax 食酸菌属Lentzea 伦茨氏菌属Streptosporangium 链孢子囊菌属Caulobacter 茎菌属Nocardioides 类诺卡氏菌属Stenotrophomonas 寡养单胞菌Nitrosovibrio 弧菌属Actinoplanes 游动放线菌属Rubrivivax 红肠命菌属Glycomyces 糖霉菌属Agrobacterium 土壤杆菌属Mesorhizobium 中慢生根瘤菌属Agromyces 壤霉菌属Mycobacterium 分枝杆菌属Chondromyces 粒杆粘细菌属Novosphingobium 新鞘氨醇菌属Actinomadura 马杜拉放线菌属Nonomuraea 野野村菌属Catellatospora 链孢菌属Geodermatophilus 地嗜皮菌属Nitrospira 硝化螺菌属Pseudonocardia 假诺卡氏菌属Sporocytophaga 生孢噬胞菌属Bdellovibrio 蛭弧菌属Asticcacaulis 不粘杆菌属Sinorhizobium 中华根瘤菌Hydrogenophaga 噬氢菌属Rubrobacter 红色杆菌属Dactylosporangium 指孢囊菌属Sphingobacterium 鞘氨醇杆菌属Brevundimonas 短波单胞菌属Burkholderia 伯克霍尔德菌Achromobacter 无色杆菌属Hyphomicrobium 生丝微菌属Pedomicrobium 土微菌属Paenibacillus 类芽孢杆菌Phyllobacterium 叶杆菌属Cellulomonas 纤维菌属Pilimelia 水生角质菌属Arthrobacter 节细菌属Saccharopolyspora 糖多孢菌属Myxococcus 粘球菌Amycolatopsis 拟无枝酸菌Phaeospirillum 褐螺菌属Promicromonospora 原小单孢菌属Cellulosimicrobium 纤维菌属Sporichthya 游鱼孢菌属Chloronema 绿线菌属Nocardia 诺卡氏菌属Pimelobacter 脂肪杆菌属Paracoccus 副球菌属Bosea 氏菌属Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌属Planomicrobium 动性微菌属Rhodoferax 红育菌属Rhodobacter 红杆菌属Hymenobacter 薄层菌属Saccharomonospora 糖单胞菌属Cytophaga 噬细胞菌属Ralstonia 罗尔斯通菌属Rathayibacter 拉氏杆菌属Gemmatimonas 芽单胞菌属Alicyclobacillus 杆菌属Clostridium 梭菌属Corynebacterium 棒状杆菌属Cupriavidus 贪铜菌属Caldilinea 暖绳菌属Azorhizophilus 嗜氮根瘤菌属Rhodococcus 红球菌属Legionella 军团杆菌Brevibacillus 短芽孢杆菌属Polaromonas 单胞菌属Acinetobacter 不动杆菌属Georgenia 乔治菌属Actinocorallia 珊瑚状防线菌属Cryptosporangium 隐孢菌属Comamonas 丛毛单胞菌属CandidatusProtochlamydia Asteroleplasma 无甾醇原体属Sporosarcina 芽孢八叠球菌属Azospirillum 固氮螺菌属Magnetospirillum 磁螺菌属Roseomonas 玫瑰单胞菌属Prauserella 氏菌属Coprococcus 粪球菌属Prauseria 布劳氏菌属Thermoactinomyces 高温防线菌属Methylobacterium 甲基杆菌属Brachybacterium 短状杆菌属Azoarcus 固氮弧菌属Beijerinckia 拜叶林克氏菌属Virgibacillus 枝芽孢菌属Syntrophomonas 互营单胞菌属Geobacillus 土芽孢杆菌属Parachlamydia 副衣原体属Anaeromyxobacter 厌氧粘细菌属Oscillochloris 颤绿菌属Procabacter 普罗卡杆菌属Methanosarcina 甲烷八叠球菌属Microbacterium 微杆菌属Methylophaga 噬甲基菌属Methanoculleus 甲烷囊菌属Methylocaldum 甲基暖菌属Rickettsia 立克次氏体Alkaliphilus 嗜碱菌属Cryobacterium 冷杆菌属Shewanella 希瓦氏菌属Gordonia 戈登氏菌属Psychrobacter 嗜冷杆菌属Serratia 沙雷氏菌属Spirochaeta 螺旋体属Leptolyngbya 鞘丝藻属Caloramator 喜热菌属Dietzia 迪茨氏属Hyphomonas 生丝单胞菌属Yersinia 耶尔森氏鼠疫杆菌属Microlunatus 小月菌属Anaerolinea 厌氧绳菌属Brevibacterium 短杆菌属。

Coccus 球菌Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌Streptococcus 链球菌Neisseria 奈瑟菌Pneumococcus 肺炎链球菌（肺炎球菌）Gonococcus 淋病奈瑟菌（淋球菌）Meningococcus 脑膜炎奈瑟菌（脑膜炎球菌）Enterobacteriaceae 肠杆菌Enteric bacilli 肠道杆菌Escherichia 埃希菌E.coli 大肠埃希菌Shigella 志贺菌Dysentery bacterium 痢疾杆菌Salmonella 沙门菌S.typhi 伤寒沙门菌Vibrio 弧菌V.cholerae 霍乱弧菌Parahaemolyticus 副溶血性弧菌Helicobacter 螺杆菌H.pylori 幽门螺杆菌Campylobacter 弯曲菌C.jejuni 空肠弯曲菌Mycobacterium 分枝杆菌M.tuberculosis 结核分枝杆菌Tubercle bacillus 结核杆菌M.leprae 麻风分枝杆菌Anaerobic bacteria 厌氧性细菌C.tetani 破伤风梭菌C.perfringens 产气荚膜梭菌C.botulinum 肉毒梭菌B.fragilis 脆弱类杆菌P.acnes 痤疮丙酸杆菌E.lentum 迟钝真杆菌Brucella 布鲁菌B.melitensis 羊布鲁菌Bacillus 芽胞杆菌B.anthracis 炭疽芽胞杆菌B.subtilis 枯草芽胞杆菌B.sereus 蜡样芽胞杆菌Yersinia 耶尔森菌Y.pestis 鼠疫杆菌Y.enterocolitica 小肠结肠炎耶氏菌Y.pseudotuberculosis 假结核耶氏菌Francisella 弗朗西斯菌Pseudomonas 假单胞菌P.aeruginosa 铜绿假单胞菌Acinetobacter 不动杆菌A.baumanii 鲍曼不动杆菌Stenotrophomonas maltophilia 嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌Legionella 军团菌L.pneumophila 嗜肺军团菌Corynebacterium 棒状杆菌C.diphtheriae 白喉棒状杆菌Haemophilus 嗜血杆菌H.influenzae 流感嗜血杆菌Bordetella 鲍特菌B.pertussis 百日咳鲍特菌Aeromonas 气单胞菌Mycoplasma 支原体M.pneumoniae 肺炎支原体U.urealyticum 溶脲脲原体Chlamydia 衣原体C.trachomatis 沙眼衣原体Spirochete 螺旋体Leptospira 钩端螺旋体Treponema 密螺旋体Syphilis 梅毒T.pallidum 苍白密螺旋体Borrelia 疏螺旋体Rickettisiae 立克次体Coxiella burnetii 贝纳柯克斯体Actinomycetes 放线菌Nocardia 诺卡菌Orthomyxoviridae 正黏病毒Influenza virus 流感病毒Paramyxoviridae 副黏病毒Measles virus 麻疹病毒Mumps virus 腮腺炎病毒Coronavirus 冠状病毒Adenovirus 腺病毒Rubella virus 风疹病毒Enterovirus 肠道病毒Rotavirus 轮状病毒Calicivirus 杯状病毒Astrovirus 星状病毒Poliovirus 脊髓灰质炎病毒Coxsackievirus 柯萨奇病毒Echovirus 埃可病毒Hepatitis virus 肝炎病毒Arbovirus 虫媒病毒Encephalitis B virus 流行性乙型脑炎病毒Dengue virus 登革病毒Forest encephalitis virus 森林脑炎病毒West Nile virus 西尼罗病毒Hemorrhagic fever virus 出血热病毒Herpesvirus 疱疹病毒Rabies 狂犬病病毒Poxvirus 痘病毒Parvovirus 细小病毒Prion 朊粒Fungus 真菌Mold 霉菌Dermatophytes 皮肤癣菌C.albicans 白假丝酵母Cryptococcus neoformans 新生隐球菌Aspergillus 曲霉Protozoa 原虫Amoeba 阿米巴原虫Entamoeba histolytica 溶组织内阿米巴Giardia lamblia 蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫Trichomonas vaginalis 阴道毛滴虫Leishmania donovani 杜氏利什曼原虫Toxoplasma gondii 刚地弓形虫Malaria parasite 疟原虫。

.常见微生物界（Domain）、门(Phylum)、纲（Class）、目(Order)、科(Family)、属(Genus)、种(Species)中英文对照1 / 17.界（Domain）Bacteria细菌Archaea古生菌2 / 17.门（Phylum）Proteobacteria 变形菌门Bacteroidetes 拟杆菌门Actinobacteria 放线菌门Gemmatimonadetes 芽单胞菌门Acidobacteria 酸杆菌门Planctomycetes 浮霉菌门Verrucomicrobia 疣微菌门Chloroflexi 绿弯菌门Nitrospirae 硝化螺旋菌门Firmicutes 厚壁菌门Chlorobi 绿菌门Cyanobacteria 蓝藻细菌门纤维杆菌门Fibrobacteres迷踪菌门Elusimicrobia装甲菌门Armatimonadetes广古菌门Euryarchaeota衣原体Chlamydiae泉古菌门Crenarchaeota无壁菌门TenericutesSpirochaetes 螺旋体属3 / 17.纲（Class）Alphaproteobacteria 甲型（α）变形杆菌纲Gammaproteobacteria 丙型变形菌纲Betaproteobacteria β-变形菌纲Actinobacteria 放线菌门、纲Cytophagia 纤维粘网菌Gemmatimonadetes 芽单胞菌门、纲变形菌纲δ- Deltaproteobacteria酸杆菌门Acidobacteria-6酸微菌纲Acidimicrobiia疣微菌纲Verrucomicrobiae丰佑菌纲Opitutae消化螺菌属Nitrospira热微菌门Thermomicrobia拟杆菌纲Bacteroidia杆菌Bacilli绿弯菌门ChloroflexiAnaerolineae 厌氧绳菌纲梭状芽胞杆菌Clostridia迷踪菌门ElusimicrobiaKtedonobacteria 纤线杆菌纲Thermoplasmata 热原体纲Chlamydiia 衣原体Thaumarchaeota 奇古菌门Mollicutes 柔膜菌纲甲烷微菌纲Methanomicrobia全噬菌纲HolophagaeSpirochaetes 螺旋体属4 / 17.目（Order）Xanthomonadales 黄单孢菌目Sphingomonadales 鞘脂单胞菌目Burkholderiales 伯克霍尔德氏菌目Actinomycetales 放线菌目Cytophagales 噬纤维菌目Myxococcales 粘球菌目Acidimicrobiales 酸微菌目Rhizobiales 根瘤菌目Sphingobacteriales 鞘脂杆菌目Flavobacteriales 黄杆菌目Caulobacterales 柄杆菌目Rhodospirillales 红螺菌目Alteromonadales 交替单胞菌目Enterobacteriales 肠杆菌目Verrucomicrobiales 疣微菌目Opitutales 丰佑菌目Gemmatimonadales 芽单胞菌目Nitrospirales 硝化螺旋菌目Pseudomonadales 假单胞菌目Planctomycetales 浮霉菌目Bacteroidales 拟杆菌目Syntrophobacterales 互营杆菌目Bacillales 芽孢杆菌目Thiotrichales 硫发菌目Rhodobacterales 红细菌目，红杆菌目Methylophilales 噬甲基菌目Nitrosomonadales 亚硝化单胞菌目Streptophyta 木霉菌目5 / 17. Clostridiales 梭菌目Legionellales 军团菌目Bdellovibrionales 蛭弧菌目Rubrobacterales 红色杆菌目Caldilineales 暖绳菌目Herpetosiphonales 爬管菌目Chloroflexales 绿弯菌目Rickettsiales 立克次氏体目Acidobacteriales 酸杆菌目Micrococcales 微球菌目Rhodocyclales 红环菌目Stramenopiles 不等鞭毛类Chlamydiales 衣原体目Ktedonobacterales 纤线杆菌目Neisseriales 奈瑟菌目Oceanospirillales 海洋螺菌目Anaeroplasmatales 厌氧原体目Natranaerobiales 盐碱厌氧菌目Halanaerobiales 盐碱厌氧菌目Procabacteriales 普罗卡杆菌目Sphaerobacterales 球杆菌目Methylococcales 甲基球菌目Chlorophyta 绿藻门Holophagales 全噬菌目Methanosarcinales 八叠球菌目，球菌目Bifidobacteriales 双歧杆菌目Methanomicrobiales 甲烷微菌目Aeromonadales 气单胞菌目Spirochaetales 螺旋体目6 / 17.Desulfuromonadales 除硫单胞菌目7 / 17. 科（family）Sphingomonadaceae 鞘脂单胞菌科Xanthomonadaceae 黄单胞菌科Cytophagaceae 噬纤维菌科Oxalobacteraceae 草酸杆菌科Nocardioidaceae 类诺卡氏菌科Comamonadaceae 丛毛单胞菌科Caulobacteraceae 柄杆菌科Sphingobacteriaceae 鞘脂杆菌科Flavobacteriaceae 黄杆菌科Sinobacteraceae 华杆菌科Rhodospirillaceae 红螺旋菌科Hyphomicrobiaceae 生丝微菌科Polyangiaceae 多囊粘菌科Erythrobacteraceae 赤杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae 肠杆菌科Verrucomicrobiaceae 疣微菌科Geodermatophilaceae 地嗜皮菌科Opitutaceae 丰佑菌科Streptomycetaceae 链霉菌科Alteromonadaceae 交替单胞菌科Micrococcaceae 微球菌科Actinosynnemataceae 束丝防线菌科Micromonosporaceae 微单胞菌科Pseudomonadaceae 假单胞菌科Planctomycetaceae 浮霉菌科Nannocystaceae 侏囊菌科Syntrophobacteraceae 互营杆菌科Sporichthyaceae 鱼孢菌科8 / 17. Streptosporangiaceae 链孢囊菌科Bradyrhizobiaceae 慢生根瘤菌科Piscirickettsiaceae 鱼立克次体科Rhizobiaceae 根瘤菌科Microbacteriaceae 微杆菌科Pseudonocardiaceae 假诺卡氏科Bacillaceae 芽孢杆菌科Intrasporangiaceae 间孢囊菌科Nitrospiraceae 硝化螺旋菌科Phyllobacteriaceae 叶杆菌科，叶瘤菌科Alcaligenaceae 产碱菌科，产碱杆菌科Nitrosomonadaceae 亚硝化单胞菌科Rhodobacteraceae 红杆菌科Thermomonosporaceae 高温单胞菌科Glycomycetaceae 糖霉菌科Acetobacteraceae 醋杆菌科Mycobacteriaceae 分支杆菌科Hyphomonadaceae 生丝单胞菌科Rubrobacteraceae 红色杆菌科Cystobacteraceae 孢囊杆菌科Caldilineaceae 暖绳菌科Rhodobiaceae 红菌科，红游动菌科Burkholderiaceae 伯克氏菌科Coxiellaceae 柯克斯体科Bdellovibrionaceae 蛭弧菌科Acidobacteriaceae 酸杆菌科Clostridiaceae 梭菌科Paenibacillaceae 类芽孢杆菌科9 / 17. Bacteriovoracaceae 噬菌弧菌科Myxococcaceae 粘液球菌科Cellulomonadaceae 纤维素单胞菌科Beijerinckiaceae 拜叶林克氏菌科Frankiaceae 弗兰克氏菌科Rhodocyclaceae 红环菌科Planococcaceae 动球菌科Methylocystaceae 甲基孢囊菌科Nocardiaceae 诺卡式菌科Chloroflexaceae 绿屈挠菌科Thermoactinomycetaceae 高温放线菌科Staphylococcaceae 葡萄球菌科Alicyclobacillaceae 环脂酸芽孢杆菌科Nocardiopsaceae 拟诺卡式菌科Legionellaceae 军团菌科Ktedonobacteraceae 纤线杆菌科Gemmatimonadaceae 芽单胞菌科Moraxellaceae 莫拉氏菌科Corynebacteriaceae 棒状杆菌科Parachlamydiaceae 副衣原体科Cystobacterineae 孢囊杆菌亚目Aurantimonadaceae 橙单胞菌科Methylobacteriaceae 甲基杆菌科Rickettsiaceae 立克次氏体Brucellaceae 布鲁氏菌科Lachnospiraceae 毛螺菌科Neisseriaceae 奈瑟氏菌科Halomonadaceae 盐单胞菌科10 / 17. Anaeroplasmataceae 厌氧原体科Peptococcaceae 消化球菌科，冻球菌科Halanaerobiaceae 盐厌氧菌科Peptostreptococcaceae 消化链球菌科Dermabacteraceae 皮杆菌科Procabacteriaceae 普洛卡杆菌科Kineosporiaceae 动孢囊菌科Methylococcaceae 甲基球菌科Syntrophomonadaceae 单胞菌科，互营单胞菌科Oscillochloridaceae 颤绿菌科Chlamydomonadaceae 【植物】衣藻科Holosporaceae 全胞菌科Gordoniaceae 戈登氏菌科Shewanellaceae 希万氏菌科Aeromonadaceae 气单胞菌科Geobacteraceae 地杆菌科Brevibacteriaceae 短杆菌科Porphyromonadaceae 紫单胞菌科Xanthobacteraceae 黄色杆菌科Spirochaetaceae 螺旋体科Propionibacteriaceae 丙酸杆菌科11 / 17.属（Genus）Janthinobacterium 紫色杆菌属Flavobacterium 黄杆菌属Thermomonas 热单胞菌属Mycoplana 枝动杆菌属Sorangium 堆囊菌属Opitutus 丰佑菌属Sphingomonas 鞘脂单胞菌属Streptomyces 链霉菌属Lysobacter 溶杆菌属Cellvibrio 纤维弧菌属Pedobacter 地杆菌属Aeromicrobium 气微菌属Rhodoplanes 红游动菌属Pseudomonas 假单胞菌属Planctomyces 浮霉状菌属Phenylobacterium 苯基杆菌属Pseudoxanthomonas 假黄色单胞菌属Sphingobium 鞘脂菌属Nannocystis 侏囊菌属Variovorax 贪噬菌属Luteimonas 单胞菌属Gemmata 出芽菌属Saccharothrix 糖丝菌属Prosthecobacter 突柄杆菌属Pirellula 小梨型菌属Acidovorax 食酸菌属Lentzea 伦茨氏菌属Streptosporangium 链孢子囊菌属12 / 17. Bacillus 芽孢杆菌属Caulobacter 茎菌属Nocardioides 类诺卡氏菌属Stenotrophomonas 寡养单胞菌Nitrosovibrio 弧菌属Actinoplanes 游动放线菌属Rubrivivax 红肠命菌属Glycomyces 糖霉菌属Agrobacterium 土壤杆菌属Mesorhizobium 中慢生根瘤菌属Agromyces 壤霉菌属Mycobacterium 分枝杆菌属Chondromyces 粒杆粘细菌属Novosphingobium 新鞘氨醇菌属Actinomadura 马杜拉放线菌属Nonomuraea 野野村菌属Catellatospora 链孢菌属Geodermatophilus 地嗜皮菌属Nitrospira 硝化螺菌属Pseudonocardia 假诺卡氏菌属Sporocytophaga 生孢噬胞菌属Bdellovibrio 蛭弧菌属Asticcacaulis 不粘杆菌属Sinorhizobium 中华根瘤菌Hydrogenophaga 噬氢菌属Rubrobacter 红色杆菌属Dactylosporangium 指孢囊菌属Sphingobacterium 鞘氨醇杆菌属Brevundimonas 短波单胞菌属13 / 17. Jiangella 姜氏菌属Burkholderia 伯克霍尔德菌Achromobacter 无色杆菌属Hyphomicrobium 生丝微菌属Pedomicrobium 土微菌属Paenibacillus 类芽孢杆菌Phyllobacterium 叶杆菌属Cellulomonas 纤维菌属Pilimelia 水生角质菌属Arthrobacter 节细菌属Saccharopolyspora 糖多孢菌属Myxococcus 粘球菌Amycolatopsis 拟无枝酸菌Phaeospirillum 褐螺菌属Promicromonospora 原小单孢菌属Cellulosimicrobium 纤维菌属Sporichthya 游鱼孢菌属Chloronema 绿线菌属Nocardia 诺卡氏菌属Pimelobacter 脂肪杆菌属Paracoccus 副球菌属Bosea 氏菌属Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌属Planomicrobium 动性微菌属Rhodoferax 红育菌属Rhodobacter 红杆菌属Hymenobacter 薄层菌属Saccharomonospora 糖单胞菌属Cytophaga 噬细胞菌属14 / 17. Ralstonia 罗尔斯通菌属Rathayibacter 拉氏杆菌属Gemmatimonas 芽单胞菌属Alicyclobacillus 杆菌属Clostridium 梭菌属Corynebacterium 棒状杆菌属Cupriavidus 贪铜菌属Caldilinea 暖绳菌属Azorhizophilus 嗜氮根瘤菌属Rhodococcus 红球菌属Legionella 军团杆菌Brevibacillus 短芽孢杆菌属Polaromonas 单胞菌属Acinetobacter 不动杆菌属Georgenia 乔治菌属Actinocorallia 珊瑚状防线菌属Cryptosporangium 隐孢菌属Comamonas 丛毛单胞菌属CandidatusProtochlamydia Asteroleplasma 无甾醇原体属Sporosarcina 芽孢八叠球菌属Azospirillum 固氮螺菌属Magnetospirillum 磁螺菌属Roseomonas 玫瑰单胞菌属Prauserella 氏菌属Coprococcus 粪球菌属Prauseria 布劳氏菌属Thermoactinomyces 高温防线菌属Methylobacterium 甲基杆菌属15 / 17. Brachybacterium 短状杆菌属Azoarcus 固氮弧菌属Beijerinckia 拜叶林克氏菌属Virgibacillus 枝芽孢菌属Syntrophomonas 互营单胞菌属Geobacillus 土芽孢杆菌属Parachlamydia 副衣原体属Anaeromyxobacter 厌氧粘细菌属Oscillochloris 颤绿菌属Procabacter 普罗卡杆菌属Methanosarcina 甲烷八叠球菌属Microbacterium 微杆菌属Methylophaga 噬甲基菌属Methanoculleus 甲烷囊菌属Methylocaldum 甲基暖菌属Rickettsia 立克次氏体Alkaliphilus 嗜碱菌属Cryobacterium 冷杆菌属Shewanella 希瓦氏菌属Gordonia 戈登氏菌属Psychrobacter 嗜冷杆菌属Serratia 沙雷氏菌属Spirochaeta 螺旋体属Leptolyngbya 鞘丝藻属Caloramator 喜热菌属Dietzia 迪茨氏属Hyphomonas 生丝单胞菌属Yersinia 耶尔森氏鼠疫杆菌属Microlunatus 小月菌属16 / 17. Anaerolinea 厌氧绳菌属Brevibacterium 短杆菌属17 / 17。

常见微生物界（ Domain ）、门(Phylum) 、纲（ Class）、目 (Order) 、科 (Family) 、属(Genus) 、种 (Species)中英文对照Bacteria 细菌Archaea古生菌Proteobacteria变形菌门Bacteroidetes拟杆菌门Actinobacteria放线菌门Gemmatimonadetes芽单胞菌门Acidobacteria酸杆菌门Planctomycetes浮霉菌门Verrucomicrobia疣微菌门Chloroflexi绿弯菌门Nitrospirae硝化螺旋菌门Firmicutes厚壁菌门Chlorobi绿菌门Cyanobacteria蓝藻细菌门Fibrobacteres纤维杆菌门Elusimicrobia迷踪菌门Armatimonadetes装甲菌门Euryarchaeota广古菌门Chlamydiae衣原体Crenarchaeota泉古菌门Tenericutes无壁菌门Spirochaetes螺旋体属纲（Class）Alphaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria Betaproteobacteria Actinobacteria Cytophagia Gemmatimonadetes Deltaproteobacteria Acidobacteria-6 Acidimicrobiia Verrucomicrobiae OpitutaeNitrospira Thermomicrobia BacteroidiaBacilliChloroflexi Anaerolineae Clostridia Elusimicrobia Ktedonobacteria Thermoplasmata Chlamydiia Thaumarchaeota Mollicutes Methanomicrobia Holophagae Spirochaetes甲型（α）变形杆菌纲丙型变形菌纲β-变形菌纲放线菌门、纲纤维粘网菌芽单胞菌门、纲δ -变形菌纲酸杆菌门酸微菌纲疣微菌纲丰佑菌纲消化螺菌属热微菌门拟杆菌纲杆菌绿弯菌门厌氧绳菌纲梭状芽胞杆菌迷踪菌门纤线杆菌纲热原体纲衣原体奇古菌门柔膜菌纲甲烷微菌纲全噬菌纲螺旋体属目（ Order ）Xanthomonadales黄单孢菌目Sphingomonadales鞘脂单胞菌目Burkholderiales伯克霍尔德氏菌目Actinomycetales放线菌目Cytophagales噬纤维菌目Myxococcales粘球菌目Acidimicrobiales酸微菌目Rhizobiales根瘤菌目Sphingobacteriales 鞘脂杆菌目Flavobacteriales黄杆菌目Caulobacterales 柄杆菌目Rhodospirillales红螺菌目Alteromonadales交替单胞菌目Enterobacteriales肠杆菌目Verrucomicrobiales疣微菌目Opitutales丰佑菌目Gemmatimonadales芽单胞菌目Nitrospirales硝化螺旋菌目Pseudomonadales假单胞菌目Planctomycetales浮霉菌目Bacteroidales拟杆菌目Syntrophobacterales互营杆菌目Bacillales芽孢杆菌目Thiotrichales硫发菌目Rhodobacterales红细菌目，红杆菌目Methylophilales噬甲基菌目Nitrosomonadales亚硝化单胞菌目Streptophyta木霉菌目Clostridiales梭菌目Legionellales军团菌目Bdellovibrionales蛭弧菌目Rubrobacterales红色杆菌目Caldilineales暖绳菌目Herpetosiphonales爬管菌目Chloroflexales绿弯菌目Rickettsiales立克次氏体目Acidobacteriales酸杆菌目Micrococcales微球菌目Rhodocyclales红环菌目Stramenopiles不等鞭毛类Chlamydiales衣原体目Ktedonobacterales纤线杆菌目Neisseriales奈瑟菌目Oceanospirillales海洋螺菌目Anaeroplasmatales厌氧原体目Natranaerobiales盐碱厌氧菌目Halanaerobiales盐碱厌氧菌目Procabacteriales普罗卡杆菌目Sphaerobacterales球杆菌目Methylococcales甲基球菌目Chlorophyta绿藻门Holophagales全噬菌目Methanosarcinales八叠球菌目，球菌目Bifidobacteriales双歧杆菌目Methanomicrobiales甲烷微菌目Aeromonadales气单胞菌目Spirochaetales螺旋体目Desulfuromonadales除硫单胞菌目科（ family ）Sphingomonadaceae鞘脂单胞菌科Xanthomonadaceae黄单胞菌科Cytophagaceae噬纤维菌科Oxalobacteraceae草酸杆菌科Nocardioidaceae类诺卡氏菌科Comamonadaceae丛毛单胞菌科Caulobacteraceae柄杆菌科Sphingobacteriaceae鞘脂杆菌科Flavobacteriaceae黄杆菌科Sinobacteraceae华杆菌科Rhodospirillaceae红螺旋菌科Hyphomicrobiaceae生丝微菌科Polyangiaceae多囊粘菌科Erythrobacteraceae赤杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae肠杆菌科Verrucomicrobiaceae疣微菌科Geodermatophilaceae地嗜皮菌科Opitutaceae丰佑菌科Streptomycetaceae链霉菌科Alteromonadaceae交替单胞菌科Micrococcaceae微球菌科Actinosynnemataceae束丝防线菌科Micromonosporaceae微单胞菌科Pseudomonadaceae假单胞菌科Planctomycetaceae浮霉菌科Nannocystaceae侏囊菌科Syntrophobacteraceae互营杆菌科Sporichthyaceae鱼孢菌科Streptosporangiaceae链孢囊菌科Bradyrhizobiaceae慢生根瘤菌科Piscirickettsiaceae鱼立克次体科Rhizobiaceae根瘤菌科Microbacteriaceae微杆菌科Pseudonocardiaceae假诺卡氏科Bacillaceae芽孢杆菌科Intrasporangiaceae间孢囊菌科Nitrospiraceae硝化螺旋菌科Methylophilaceae噬甲基菌科Phyllobacteriaceae叶杆菌科，叶瘤菌科Alcaligenaceae产碱菌科，产碱杆菌科Nitrosomonadaceae亚硝化单胞菌科Rhodobacteraceae红杆菌科Thermomonosporaceae高温单胞菌科Glycomycetaceae糖霉菌科Acetobacteraceae醋杆菌科Mycobacteriaceae分支杆菌科Hyphomonadaceae生丝单胞菌科Rubrobacteraceae红色杆菌科Cystobacteraceae孢囊杆菌科Caldilineaceae暖绳菌科Rhodobiaceae红菌科，红游动菌科Burkholderiaceae伯克氏菌科Coxiellaceae柯克斯体科Bdellovibrionaceae蛭弧菌科Acidobacteriaceae酸杆菌科Clostridiaceae梭菌科Paenibacillaceae类芽孢杆菌科Bacteriovoracaceae噬菌弧菌科Myxococcaceae粘液球菌科Cellulomonadaceae纤维素单胞菌科Beijerinckiaceae拜叶林克氏菌科Frankiaceae弗兰克氏菌科Rhodocyclaceae红环菌科Planococcaceae动球菌科Methylocystaceae甲基孢囊菌科Nocardiaceae诺卡式菌科Chloroflexaceae绿屈挠菌科Thermoactinomycetaceae高温放线菌科Staphylococcaceae葡萄球菌科Alicyclobacillaceae环脂酸芽孢杆菌科Nocardiopsaceae拟诺卡式菌科Legionellaceae军团菌科Ktedonobacteraceae纤线杆菌科Gemmatimonadaceae芽单胞菌科Moraxellaceae莫拉氏菌科Corynebacteriaceae棒状杆菌科Parachlamydiaceae副衣原体科Cystobacterineae孢囊杆菌亚目Aurantimonadaceae橙单胞菌科Bogoriellaceae博格利亚湖菌科Methylobacteriaceae甲基杆菌科Rickettsiaceae立克次氏体Brucellaceae布鲁氏菌科Lachnospiraceae毛螺菌科Neisseriaceae奈瑟氏菌科Halomonadaceae盐单胞菌科Anaeroplasmataceae厌氧原体科Peptococcaceae消化球菌科，冻球菌科Halanaerobiaceae盐厌氧菌科Peptostreptococcaceae消化链球菌科Dermabacteraceae皮杆菌科Procabacteriaceae普洛卡杆菌科Kineosporiaceae动孢囊菌科Methylococcaceae甲基球菌科Syntrophomonadaceae单胞菌科，互营单胞菌科Oscillochloridaceae颤绿菌科Chlamydomonadaceae【植物】衣藻科Holosporaceae全胞菌科Gordoniaceae戈登氏菌科Shewanellaceae希万氏菌科Aeromonadaceae气单胞菌科Geobacteraceae地杆菌科Brevibacteriaceae短杆菌科Porphyromonadaceae紫单胞菌科Xanthobacteraceae黄色杆菌科Spirochaetaceae螺旋体科Propionibacteriaceae丙酸杆菌科属（ Genus ）Janthinobacterium紫色杆菌属Flavobacterium黄杆菌属Thermomonas热单胞菌属Mycoplana枝动杆菌属Sorangium堆囊菌属Opitutus丰佑菌属Sphingomonas鞘脂单胞菌属Streptomyces链霉菌属Lysobacter溶杆菌属Cellvibrio纤维弧菌属Pedobacter地杆菌属Aeromicrobium气微菌属Rhodoplanes红游动菌属Pseudomonas假单胞菌属Planctomyces浮霉状菌属Phenylobacterium苯基杆菌属Pseudoxanthomonas假黄色单胞菌属Sphingobium鞘脂菌属Nannocystis侏囊菌属Variovorax贪噬菌属Luteimonas单胞菌属Gemmata出芽菌属Saccharothrix糖丝菌属Prosthecobacter突柄杆菌属Pirellula小梨型菌属Acidovorax食酸菌属Lentzea伦茨氏菌属Streptosporangium链孢子囊菌属Bacillus芽孢杆菌属Caulobacter茎菌属Nocardioides类诺卡氏菌属Stenotrophomonas寡养单胞菌Nitrosovibrio弧菌属Actinoplanes游动放线菌属Rubrivivax红肠命菌属Glycomyces糖霉菌属Agrobacterium土壤杆菌属Mesorhizobium中慢生根瘤菌属Agromyces壤霉菌属Mycobacterium分枝杆菌属Chondromyces粒杆粘细菌属Novosphingobium新鞘氨醇菌属Actinomadura马杜拉放线菌属Nonomuraea野野村菌属Catellatospora链孢菌属Geodermatophilus地嗜皮菌属Nitrospira硝化螺菌属Pseudonocardia假诺卡氏菌属Sporocytophaga生孢噬胞菌属Bdellovibrio蛭弧菌属Asticcacaulis不粘杆菌属Sinorhizobium中华根瘤菌Hydrogenophaga噬氢菌属Rubrobacter红色杆菌属Dactylosporangium指孢囊菌属Sphingobacterium鞘氨醇杆菌属Brevundimonas短波单胞菌属Jiangella姜氏菌属Burkholderia伯克霍尔德菌Achromobacter无色杆菌属Hyphomicrobium生丝微菌属Pedomicrobium土微菌属Paenibacillus类芽孢杆菌Phyllobacterium叶杆菌属Cellulomonas纤维菌属Pilimelia水生角质菌属Arthrobacter节细菌属Saccharopolyspora糖多孢菌属Myxococcus粘球菌Amycolatopsis拟无枝酸菌Phaeospirillum褐螺菌属Promicromonospora原小单孢菌属Cellulosimicrobium纤维菌属Sporichthya游鱼孢菌属Chloronema绿线菌属Nocardia诺卡氏菌属Pimelobacter脂肪杆菌属Paracoccus副球菌属Bosea氏菌属Staphylococcus葡萄球菌属Planomicrobium动性微菌属Rhodoferax红育菌属Rhodobacter红杆菌属Hymenobacter薄层菌属Saccharomonospora糖单胞菌属Cytophaga噬细胞菌属Ralstonia罗尔斯通菌属Rathayibacter拉氏杆菌属Gemmatimonas芽单胞菌属Alicyclobacillus杆菌属Clostridium梭菌属Corynebacterium棒状杆菌属Cupriavidus贪铜菌属Caldilinea暖绳菌属Azorhizophilus嗜氮根瘤菌属Rhodococcus红球菌属Legionella军团杆菌Brevibacillus短芽孢杆菌属Polaromonas单胞菌属Acinetobacter不动杆菌属Georgenia乔治菌属Actinocorallia珊瑚状防线菌属Cryptosporangium隐孢菌属Comamonas丛毛单胞菌属CandidatusProtochlamydia Asteroleplasma无甾醇原体属Sporosarcina芽孢八叠球菌属Azospirillum固氮螺菌属Magnetospirillum磁螺菌属Roseomonas玫瑰单胞菌属Prauserella氏菌属Coprococcus粪球菌属Prauseria布劳氏菌属Thermoactinomyces高温防线菌属Methylobacterium甲基杆菌属Brachybacterium短状杆菌属Azoarcus固氮弧菌属Beijerinckia拜叶林克氏菌属Virgibacillus枝芽孢菌属Syntrophomonas互营单胞菌属Geobacillus土芽孢杆菌属Parachlamydia副衣原体属Anaeromyxobacter厌氧粘细菌属Oscillochloris颤绿菌属Procabacter普罗卡杆菌属Methanosarcina甲烷八叠球菌属Microbacterium微杆菌属Methylophaga噬甲基菌属Methanoculleus甲烷囊菌属Methylocaldum甲基暖菌属Rickettsia立克次氏体Alkaliphilus嗜碱菌属Cryobacterium冷杆菌属Shewanella希瓦氏菌属Gordonia戈登氏菌属Psychrobacter嗜冷杆菌属Serratia沙雷氏菌属Spirochaeta螺旋体属Leptolyngbya鞘丝藻属Caloramator喜热菌属Dietzia迪茨氏属Hyphomonas生丝单胞菌属Yersinia耶尔森氏鼠疫杆菌属Microlunatus小月菌属Anaerolinea厌氧绳菌属Brevibacterium短杆菌属。

常见微生物的界门纲目科属种中英文对照.常见微生物界（Domain）、门(Phylum)、纲（Class）、目(Order)、科(Family)、属(Genus)、种(Species)中英文对照1 / 17.界（Domain）Bacteria细菌Archaea古生菌2 / 17.门（Phylum）Proteobacteria 变形菌门Bacteroidetes 拟杆菌门Actinobacteria 放线菌门Gemmatimonadetes 芽单胞菌门Acidobacteria 酸杆菌门Planctomycetes 浮霉菌门Verrucomicrobia 疣微菌门Chloroflexi 绿弯菌门Nitrospirae 硝化螺旋菌门Firmicutes 厚壁菌门Chlorobi 绿菌门Cyanobacteria 蓝藻细菌门纤维杆菌门Fibrobacteres迷踪菌门Elusimicrobia装甲菌门Armatimonadetes广古菌门Euryarchaeota衣原体Chlamydiae泉古菌门Crenarchaeota无壁菌门TenericutesSpirochaetes 螺旋体属3 / 17.纲（Class）Alphaproteobacteria 甲型（α）变形杆菌纲Gammaproteobacteria 丙型变形菌纲Betaproteobacteria β-变形菌纲Actinobacteria 放线菌门、纲Cytophagia 纤维粘网菌Gemmatimonadetes 芽单胞菌门、纲变形菌纲δ- Deltaproteobacteria酸杆菌门Acidobacteria-6酸微菌纲Acidimicrobiia疣微菌纲Verrucomicrobiae丰佑菌纲Opitutae消化螺菌属Nitrospira热微菌门Thermomicrobia拟杆菌纲Bacteroidia杆菌Bacilli绿弯菌门ChloroflexiAnaerolineae 厌氧绳菌纲梭状芽胞杆菌Clostridia迷踪菌门ElusimicrobiaKtedonobacteria 纤线杆菌纲Thermoplasmata 热原体纲Chlamydiia 衣原体Thaumarchaeota 奇古菌门Mollicutes 柔膜菌纲甲烷微菌纲Methanomicrobia全噬菌纲HolophagaeSpirochaetes 螺旋体属4 / 17.目（Order）Xanthomonadales 黄单孢菌目Sphingomonadales 鞘脂单胞菌目Burkholderiales 伯克霍尔德氏菌目Actinomycetales 放线菌目Cytophagales 噬纤维菌目Myxococcales 粘球菌目Acidimicrobiales 酸微菌目Rhizobiales 根瘤菌目Sphingobacteriales 鞘脂杆菌目Flavobacteriales 黄杆菌目Caulobacterales 柄杆菌目Rhodospirillales 红螺菌目Alteromonadales 交替单胞菌目Enterobacteriales 肠杆菌目Verrucomicrobiales 疣微菌目Opitutales 丰佑菌目Gemmatimonadales 芽单胞菌目Nitrospirales 硝化螺旋菌目Pseudomonadales 假单胞菌目Planctomycetales 浮霉菌目Bacteroidales 拟杆菌目Syntrophobacterales 互营杆菌目Bacillales 芽孢杆菌目Thiotrichales 硫发菌目Rhodobacterales 红细菌目，红杆菌目Methylophilales 噬甲基菌目Nitrosomonadales 亚硝化单胞菌目Streptophyta 木霉菌目5 / 17. Clostridiales 梭菌目Legionellales 军团菌目Bdellovibrionales 蛭弧菌目Rubrobacterales 红色杆菌目Caldilineales 暖绳菌目Herpetosiphonales 爬管菌目Chloroflexales 绿弯菌目Rickettsiales 立克次氏体目Acidobacteriales 酸杆菌目Micrococcales 微球菌目Rhodocyclales 红环菌目Stramenopiles 不等鞭毛类Chlamydiales 衣原体目Ktedonobacterales 纤线杆菌目Neisseriales 奈瑟菌目Oceanospirillales 海洋螺菌目Anaeroplasmatales 厌氧原体目Natranaerobiales 盐碱厌氧菌目Halanaerobiales 盐碱厌氧菌目Procabacteriales 普罗卡杆菌目Sphaerobacterales 球杆菌目Methylococcales 甲基球菌目Chlorophyta 绿藻门Holophagales 全噬菌目Methanosarcinales 八叠球菌目，球菌目Bifidobacteriales 双歧杆菌目Methanomicrobiales 甲烷微菌目Aeromonadales 气单胞菌目Spirochaetales 螺旋体目6 / 17.Desulfuromonadales 除硫单胞菌目7 / 17. 科（family）Sphingomonadaceae 鞘脂单胞菌科Xanthomonadaceae 黄单胞菌科Cytophagaceae 噬纤维菌科Oxalobacteraceae 草酸杆菌科Nocardioidaceae 类诺卡氏菌科Comamonadaceae 丛毛单胞菌科Caulobacteraceae 柄杆菌科Sphingobacteriaceae 鞘脂杆菌科Flavobacteriaceae 黄杆菌科Sinobacteraceae 华杆菌科Rhodospirillaceae 红螺旋菌科Hyphomicrobiaceae 生丝微菌科Polyangiaceae 多囊粘菌科Erythrobacteraceae 赤杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae 肠杆菌科Verrucomicrobiaceae 疣微菌科Geodermatophilaceae 地嗜皮菌科Opitutaceae 丰佑菌科Streptomycetaceae 链霉菌科Alteromonadaceae 交替单胞菌科Micrococcaceae 微球菌科Actinosynnemataceae 束丝防线菌科Micromonosporaceae 微单胞菌科Pseudomonadaceae 假单胞菌科Planctomycetaceae 浮霉菌科Nannocystaceae 侏囊菌科Syntrophobacteraceae 互营杆菌科Sporichthyaceae 鱼孢菌科8 / 17. Streptosporangiaceae 链孢囊菌科Bradyrhizobiaceae 慢生根瘤菌科Piscirickettsiaceae 鱼立克次体科Rhizobiaceae 根瘤菌科Microbacteriaceae 微杆菌科Pseudonocardiaceae 假诺卡氏科Bacillaceae 芽孢杆菌科Intrasporangiaceae 间孢囊菌科Nitrospiraceae 硝化螺旋菌科Phyllobacteriaceae 叶杆菌科，叶瘤菌科Alcaligenaceae 产碱菌科，产碱杆菌科Nitrosomonadaceae 亚硝化单胞菌科Rhodobacteraceae 红杆菌科Thermomonosporaceae 高温单胞菌科Glycomycetaceae 糖霉菌科Acetobacteraceae 醋杆菌科Mycobacteriaceae 分支杆菌科Hyphomonadaceae 生丝单胞菌科Rubrobacteraceae 红色杆菌科Cystobacteraceae 孢囊杆菌科Caldilineaceae 暖绳菌科Rhodobiaceae 红菌科，红游动菌科Burkholderiaceae 伯克氏菌科Coxiellaceae 柯克斯体科Bdellovibrionaceae 蛭弧菌科Acidobacteriaceae 酸杆菌科Clostridiaceae 梭菌科Paenibacillaceae 类芽孢杆菌科9 / 17. Bacteriovoracaceae 噬菌弧菌科Myxococcaceae 粘液球菌科Cellulomonadaceae 纤维素单胞菌科Beijerinckiaceae 拜叶林克氏菌科Frankiaceae 弗兰克氏菌科Rhodocyclaceae 红环菌科Planococcaceae 动球菌科Methylocystaceae 甲基孢囊菌科Nocardiaceae 诺卡式菌科Chloroflexaceae 绿屈挠菌科Thermoactinomycetaceae 高温放线菌科Staphylococcaceae 葡萄球菌科Alicyclobacillaceae 环脂酸芽孢杆菌科Nocardiopsaceae 拟诺卡式菌科Legionellaceae 军团菌科Ktedonobacteraceae 纤线杆菌科Gemmatimonadaceae 芽单胞菌科Moraxellaceae 莫拉氏菌科Corynebacteriaceae 棒状杆菌科Parachlamydiaceae 副衣原体科Cystobacterineae 孢囊杆菌亚目Aurantimonadaceae 橙单胞菌科Methylobacteriaceae 甲基杆菌科Rickettsiaceae 立克次氏体Brucellaceae 布鲁氏菌科Lachnospiraceae 毛螺菌科Neisseriaceae 奈瑟氏菌科Halomonadaceae 盐单胞菌科10 / 17. Anaeroplasmataceae 厌氧原体科Peptococcaceae 消化球菌科，冻球菌科Halanaerobiaceae 盐厌氧菌科Peptostreptococcaceae 消化链球菌科Dermabacteraceae 皮杆菌科Procabacteriaceae 普洛卡杆菌科Kineosporiaceae 动孢囊菌科Methylococcaceae 甲基球菌科Syntrophomonadaceae 单胞菌科，互营单胞菌科Oscillochloridaceae 颤绿菌科Chlamydomonadaceae 【植物】衣藻科Holosporaceae 全胞菌科Gordoniaceae 戈登氏菌科Shewanellaceae 希万氏菌科Aeromonadaceae 气单胞菌科Geobacteraceae 地杆菌科Brevibacteriaceae 短杆菌科Porphyromonadaceae 紫单胞菌科Xanthobacteraceae 黄色杆菌科Spirochaetaceae 螺旋体科Propionibacteriaceae 丙酸杆菌科11 / 17.属（Genus）Janthinobacterium 紫色杆菌属Flavobacterium 黄杆菌属Thermomonas 热单胞菌属Mycoplana 枝动杆菌属Sorangium 堆囊菌属Opitutus 丰佑菌属Sphingomonas 鞘脂单胞菌属Streptomyces 链霉菌属Lysobacter 溶杆菌属Cellvibrio 纤维弧菌属Pedobacter 地杆菌属Aeromicrobium 气微菌属Rhodoplanes 红游动菌属Pseudomonas 假单胞菌属Planctomyces 浮霉状菌属Phenylobacterium 苯基杆菌属Pseudoxanthomonas 假黄色单胞菌属Sphingobium 鞘脂菌属Nannocystis 侏囊菌属Variovorax 贪噬菌属Luteimonas 单胞菌属Gemmata 出芽菌属Saccharothrix 糖丝菌属Prosthecobacter 突柄杆菌属Pirellula 小梨型菌属Acidovorax 食酸菌属Lentzea 伦茨氏菌属Streptosporangium 链孢子囊菌属12 / 17. Bacillus 芽孢杆菌属Caulobacter 茎菌属Nocardioides 类诺卡氏菌属Stenotrophomonas 寡养单胞菌Nitrosovibrio 弧菌属Actinoplanes 游动放线菌属Rubrivivax 红肠命菌属Glycomyces 糖霉菌属Agrobacterium 土壤杆菌属Mesorhizobium 中慢生根瘤菌属Agromyces 壤霉菌属Mycobacterium 分枝杆菌属Chondromyces 粒杆粘细菌属Novosphingobium 新鞘氨醇菌属Actinomadura 马杜拉放线菌属Nonomuraea 野野村菌属Catellatospora 链孢菌属Geodermatophilus 地嗜皮菌属Nitrospira 硝化螺菌属Pseudonocardia 假诺卡氏菌属Sporocytophaga 生孢噬胞菌属Bdellovibrio 蛭弧菌属Asticcacaulis 不粘杆菌属Sinorhizobium 中华根瘤菌Hydrogenophaga 噬氢菌属Rubrobacter 红色杆菌属Dactylosporangium 指孢囊菌属Sphingobacterium 鞘氨醇杆菌属Brevundimonas 短波单胞菌属13 / 17. Jiangella 姜氏菌属Burkholderia 伯克霍尔德菌Achromobacter 无色杆菌属Hyphomicrobium 生丝微菌属Pedomicrobium 土微菌属Paenibacillus 类芽孢杆菌Phyllobacterium 叶杆菌属Cellulomonas 纤维菌属Pilimelia 水生角质菌属Arthrobacter 节细菌属Saccharopolyspora 糖多孢菌属Myxococcus 粘球菌Amycolatopsis 拟无枝酸菌Phaeospirillum 褐螺菌属Promicromonospora 原小单孢菌属Cellulosimicrobium 纤维菌属Sporichthya 游鱼孢菌属Chloronema 绿线菌属Nocardia 诺卡氏菌属Pimelobacter 脂肪杆菌属Paracoccus 副球菌属Bosea 氏菌属Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌属Planomicrobium 动性微菌属Rhodoferax 红育菌属Rhodobacter 红杆菌属Hymenobacter 薄层菌属Saccharomonospora 糖单胞菌属Cytophaga 噬细胞菌属14 / 17. Ralstonia 罗尔斯通菌属Rathayibacter 拉氏杆菌属Gemmatimonas 芽单胞菌属Alicyclobacillus 杆菌属Clostridium 梭菌属Corynebacterium 棒状杆菌属Cupriavidus 贪铜菌属Caldilinea 暖绳菌属Azorhizophilus 嗜氮根瘤菌属Rhodococcus 红球菌属Legionella 军团杆菌Brevibacillus 短芽孢杆菌属Polaromonas 单胞菌属Acinetobacter 不动杆菌属Georgenia 乔治菌属Actinocorallia 珊瑚状防线菌属Cryptosporangium 隐孢菌属Comamonas 丛毛单胞菌属CandidatusProtochlamydia Asteroleplasma 无甾醇原体属Sporosarcina 芽孢八叠球菌属Azospirillum 固氮螺菌属Magnetospirillum 磁螺菌属Roseomonas 玫瑰单胞菌属Prauserella 氏菌属Coprococcus 粪球菌属Prauseria 布劳氏菌属Thermoactinomyces 高温防线菌属Methylobacterium 甲基杆菌属15 / 17. Brachybacterium 短状杆菌属Azoarcus 固氮弧菌属Beijerinckia 拜叶林克氏菌属Virgibacillus 枝芽孢菌属Syntrophomonas 互营单胞菌属Geobacillus 土芽孢杆菌属Parachlamydia 副衣原体属Anaeromyxobacter 厌氧粘细菌属Oscillochloris 颤绿菌属Procabacter 普罗卡杆菌属Methanosarcina 甲烷八叠球菌属Microbacterium 微杆菌属Methylophaga 噬甲基菌属Methanoculleus 甲烷囊菌属Methylocaldum 甲基暖菌属Rickettsia 立克次氏体Alkaliphilus 嗜碱菌属Cryobacterium 冷杆菌属Shewanella 希瓦氏菌属Gordonia 戈登氏菌属Psychrobacter 嗜冷杆菌属Serratia 沙雷氏菌属Spirochaeta 螺旋体属Leptolyngbya 鞘丝藻属Caloramator喜热菌属Dietzia 迪茨氏属Hyphomonas 生丝单胞菌属Yersinia 耶尔森氏鼠疫杆菌属Microlunatus 小月菌属16 / 17. Anaerolinea 厌氧绳菌属Brevibacterium 短杆菌属17 / 17。

微生物学术语双语（中英文）对照Brock Biology of Microorganisms Bilingual Glossary（For Internal Circulation Only）微生物学术语双语（中英文）对照北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院微生物教研室谢响明2007年6月10日Catalogue目录Chapter1 Microorganisms and MicrobiologyChapter 2 An Overview of Microbial LifeChapter 3 MacromoleculesChapter 4 Cell Structure/FunctionChapter5 Nutrition, Laboratory Culture, and Metabolism of MicroorganismsChapter 6 Microbial GrowthChapter 7 Principles of Microbial Molecular Biology Chapter 8 Regulation of Gene ExpressionChapter 9 Essentials of VirologyChapter 10 Bacterial GeneticsChapter 11 Microbial Evolution and Systematics Chapter 15 Microbial GenomicsChapter 18 Methods in Microbial EcologyChapter 19 Microbial Habitats, Nutrients Cycles Chapter 20 Microbial Growth ControlBilingual Glossary for MicrobiologyChapter 1Landmark：里程碑Ramifications：分支non-cellular life ：非细胞生命prion：朊病毒microbial diversity and evolution：微生物的多样性和进化pathogens：病原体genetic engineering：基因工程entity：实体macromolecules：大分子Reproduction：繁殖Differentiation：分化Communication：信息沟通coding devices：编码机制attributes：特征，品质coordination.：协调regulation：调节optimally attuned to最适地调和populations：种群habitat.：生境assemblages：集合体microbial communities：微生物群落biofilms：生物被膜hot springs：温泉Aquatic：水生的Terrestrial：陆生的Prokaryotic cells：原核细胞ecosystem ：生态系统biomass：生物量nitrogen：氮phosphorus：磷Bubonic Plague：鼠疫Fleas：跳蚤Mortality：死亡率Grotesque：奇异Liquefy：液化Influenza and pneumonia：流感和肺炎Tuberculosis：肺结核spontaneous generation：自然发生学说microbes：微生物Broth：肉汤Flask：烧瓶Guncotton filters：棉花滤器Dissolved：溶解的Ether：醚Particles：微粒flask with swan neck：曲颈瓶sterilization：灭菌vaccines：疫苗anthrax：炭疽热fowl cholera：禽流感rabies：狂犬病Germ theory：病菌说Koch’s postulates：科赫假设(法则) contagious diseases：传染病artificially infected animals：人工感染的动物Solid medium：固体培养基Gelatin：明胶Agar：琼脂Colony formation：菌落形成Differential staining：鉴别染色Pure culture：纯培养isolation：分离, 隔离inoculation：接种Tuberculin：结核菌素Diagnosis：诊断Subdisciplines：（学科的）分支enrichment culture：富集培养aerobic：需氧的N-fixing bacteria：固氮细菌sulfate-reducing：硫酸盐还原sulfur-oxidizing bacteria：硫氧化细菌root nodule：根瘤Lactobacillus：乳酸杆菌tobacco mosaic virus：烟草花叶病毒tenets：原则virology：病毒学nitrifying bacteria：硝化细菌nitrification：硝化作用oxidation of ammonia to nitrate：从氨氧化为硝酸盐hydrogen sulfide：硫化氰chemolithotrophy：无机化能营养型autotrophs：自养生物anaerobe ：厌氧生物Clostridium pasteurianum：巴斯德羧菌属Medical microbiology and immunology：医学微生物学和免疫学Aquatic microbiology：水生微生物学Microbial ecology：微生物生态学Microbial systematic：微生物的系统学Microbial physiology：微生物生理学Cytology ：细胞学Bacterial genetics：细菌遗传学Chapter 2Evolutionary History：进化史Elements：原理，基础Viral Structure：病毒结构The Tree of Life：生命树Physiological：生理学的Eukaryotic：真核的Cytoplasmic (cell)membrane：细胞质膜Cytoplasm：细胞质Macromolecules：大分子Ribosome：核糖体organic molecules：有机分子inorganic ions：无机离子rod-shaped prokaryote：杆状原核生物organelles：细胞器Archaea：古生菌Nucleus：细胞核（nuclear的复数）Mitochondrion （Mitochondrion复数）线粒体Chloroplast：叶绿体Metazoans：后生生物Cytoplasmic：细胞质的Membrane：膜，隔膜Endoplasmic reticulum：内质网Nucleoid：类核，拟核Nucleolus：核仁Nuclear：核的，细胞核Static：静态的metabolic abilities：代谢能力biosynthetic：生物合成genetic alterations：遗传改造Genomes：基因组Chromosome：染色体Circular：环状copy：拷贝haploid：单倍体extrachromosomal：染色体外的。

常见微生物界( Domain )、门(Phylum) 、纲( Class)、目(Order) 、科(Family) 、属(Genus) 、种(Species)中英文对照Domain )界Bacteria细菌Archaea古生菌门（Phylum ）Proteobacteria 变形菌门Bacteroidetes 拟杆菌门Actinobacteria 放线菌门Gemmatimonadetes 芽单胞菌门Acidobacteria 酸杆菌门Planctomycetes 浮霉菌门Verrucomicrobia 疣微菌门Chloroflexi 绿弯菌门Nitrospirae 硝化螺旋菌门Firmicutes 厚壁菌门Chlorobi 绿菌门Cyanobacteria 蓝藻细菌门Fibrobacteres 纤维杆菌门Elusimicrobia 迷踪菌门Armatimonadetes 装甲菌门Euryarchaeota 广古菌门Chlamydiae 衣原体Crenarchaeota 泉古菌门Tenericutes 无壁菌门Spirochaetes 螺旋体属AlphaproteobacteriaGammaproteobacteriaBetaproteobacteriaActinobacteriaCytophagiaGemmatimonadetesDeltaproteobacteriaAcidobacteria-6AcidimicrobiiaVerrucomicrobiaeOpitutae NitrospiraThermomicrobiaBacteroidia BacilliChloroflexiAnaerolineae ClostridiaElusimicrobiaKtedonobacteriaThermoplasmataChlamydiiaThaumarchaeotaMollicutesMethanomicrobiaHolophagaeSpirochaetes 纲（ Class ）甲型（α）变形杆菌纲 丙型变形菌纲 β-变形菌纲放线菌门、纲 纤维粘网菌芽单胞菌门、纲 δ-变形菌纲 酸杆菌门 酸微菌纲 疣微菌纲 丰佑菌纲 消化螺菌属 热微菌门 拟杆菌纲 杆菌 绿弯菌门 厌氧绳菌纲 梭状芽胞杆菌 迷踪菌门 纤线杆菌纲 热原体纲 衣原体 奇古菌门 柔膜菌纲 甲烷微菌纲 全噬菌纲 螺旋体属目（Order ）Xanthomonadales 黄单孢菌目Sphingomonadales 鞘脂单胞菌目Burkholderiales 伯克霍尔德氏菌目Actinomycetales 放线菌目Cytophagales 噬纤维菌目Myxococcales 粘球菌目Acidimicrobiales 酸微菌目Rhizobiales 根瘤菌目Sphingobacteriales 鞘脂杆菌目Flavobacteriales 黄杆菌目Caulobacterales 柄杆菌目Rhodospirillales 红螺菌目Alteromonadales 交替单胞菌目Enterobacteriales 肠杆菌目Verrucomicrobiales 疣微菌目Opitutales 丰佑菌目Gemmatimonadales 芽单胞菌目Nitrospirales 硝化螺旋菌目Pseudomonadales 假单胞菌目Planctomycetales 浮霉菌目Bacteroidales 拟杆菌目Syntrophobacterales 互营杆菌目Bacillales 芽孢杆菌目Thiotrichales 硫发菌目Rhodobacterales 红细菌目，红杆菌目Methylophilales 噬甲基菌目Nitrosomonadales 亚硝化单胞菌目Streptophyta 木霉菌目Neisseriales 奈瑟菌目Oceanospirillales 海洋螺菌目Anaeroplasmatales 厌氧原体目Natranaerobiales 盐碱厌氧菌目Halanaerobiales 盐碱厌氧菌目Procabacteriales 普罗卡杆菌目Sphaerobacterales 球杆菌目Methylococcales 甲基球菌目Chlorophyta 绿藻门Holophagales 全噬菌目 Methanosarcinales 八叠球菌目， 球菌目 Bifidobacteriales 双歧杆菌目 Methanomicrobiales 甲烷微菌目 Aeromonadales 气单胞菌目 Spirochaetales 螺旋体目ClostridialesLegionellales Bdellovibrionales Rubrobacterales Caldilineales HerpetosiphonalesChloroflexalesRickettsialesAcidobacterialesMicrococcalesRhodocyclalesStramenopilesChlamydiales Ktedonobacterales 梭菌目 军团菌目 蛭弧菌目 红色杆菌目 暖绳菌目 爬管菌目 绿弯菌目立克次氏体目 酸杆菌目 微球菌目 红环菌目 不等鞭毛类 衣原体目 纤线杆菌目Desulfuromonadales 除硫单胞菌目科（family ）Sphingomonadaceae 鞘脂单胞菌科Xanthomonadaceae 黄单胞菌科Cytophagaceae 噬纤维菌科Oxalobacteraceae 草酸杆菌科Nocardioidaceae 类诺卡氏菌科Comamonadaceae 丛毛单胞菌科Caulobacteraceae 柄杆菌科Sphingobacteriaceae 鞘脂杆菌科Flavobacteriaceae 黄杆菌科Sinobacteraceae 华杆菌科Rhodospirillaceae 红螺旋菌科Hyphomicrobiaceae 生丝微菌科Polyangiaceae 多囊粘菌科Erythrobacteraceae 赤杆菌科Enterobacteriaceae 肠杆菌科Verrucomicrobiaceae 疣微菌科Geodermatophilaceae 地嗜皮菌科Opitutaceae 丰佑菌科Streptomycetaceae 链霉菌科Alteromonadaceae 交替单胞菌科Micrococcaceae 微球菌科Actinosynnemataceae 束丝防线菌科Micromonosporaceae 微单胞菌科Pseudomonadaceae 假单胞菌科Planctomycetaceae 浮霉菌科Nannocystaceae 侏囊菌科Syntrophobacteraceae 互营杆菌科Sporichthyaceae 鱼孢菌科Streptosporangiaceae 链孢囊菌科Bradyrhizobiaceae 慢生根瘤菌科Piscirickettsiaceae 鱼立克次体科Rhizobiaceae 根瘤菌科Microbacteriaceae 微杆菌科Pseudonocardiaceae 假诺卡氏科Bacillaceae 芽孢杆菌科Intrasporangiaceae 间孢囊菌科Nitrospiraceae 硝化螺旋菌科Methylophilaceae 噬甲基菌科Phyllobacteriaceae 叶杆菌科，叶瘤菌科Alcaligenaceae 产碱菌科，产碱杆菌科Nitrosomonadaceae 亚硝化单胞菌科Rhodobacteraceae 红杆菌科Thermomonosporaceae 高温单胞菌科Glycomycetaceae 糖霉菌科Acetobacteraceae 醋杆菌科Mycobacteriaceae 分支杆菌科Hyphomonadaceae 生丝单胞菌科Rubrobacteraceae 红色杆菌科Cystobacteraceae 孢囊杆菌科Caldilineaceae 暖绳菌科Rhodobiaceae 红菌科，红游动菌科Burkholderiaceae 伯克氏菌科Coxiellaceae 柯克斯体科Bdellovibrionaceae 蛭弧菌科Acidobacteriaceae 酸杆菌科Clostridiaceae 梭菌科Paenibacillaceae 类芽孢杆菌科粘液球菌科 纤维素单胞菌科 拜叶林克氏菌科 弗兰克氏菌科 红环菌科 动球菌科 甲基孢囊菌科 诺卡式菌科 绿屈挠菌科 高温放线菌科 葡萄球菌科 环脂酸芽孢杆菌科 拟诺卡式菌科 军团菌科 纤线杆菌科 芽单胞菌科 莫拉氏菌科 棒状杆菌科 副衣原体科 孢囊杆菌亚目 橙单胞菌科 博格利亚湖菌科 甲基杆菌科 立克次氏体 布鲁氏菌科 毛螺菌科 奈瑟氏菌科Halomonadaceae 盐单胞菌科 Bacteriovoracaceae噬菌弧菌科 MyxococcaceaeCellulomonadaceaeBeijerinckiaceaeFrankiaceaeRhodocyclaceaePlanococcaceaeMethylocystaceaeNocardiaceaeChloroflexaceae Thermoactinomycetaceae StaphylococcaceaeAlicyclobacillaceaeNocardiopsaceaeLegionellaceaeKtedonobacteraceaeGemmatimonadaceae MoraxellaceaeCorynebacteriaceaeParachlamydiaceaeCystobacterineaeAurantimonadaceaeBogoriellaceaeMethylobacteriaceaeRickettsiaceaeBrucellaceaeLachnospiraceaeNeisseriaceaeAnaeroplasmataceae 厌氧原体科Peptococcaceae 消化球菌科，冻球菌科Halanaerobiaceae 盐厌氧菌科Peptostreptococcaceae 消化链球菌科Dermabacteraceae 皮杆菌科Procabacteriaceae 普洛卡杆菌科Kineosporiaceae 动孢囊菌科Methylococcaceae 甲基球菌科Syntrophomonadaceae 单胞菌科，互营单胞菌科Oscillochloridaceae 颤绿菌科Chlamydomonadaceae 【植物】衣藻科Holosporaceae 全胞菌科Gordoniaceae 戈登氏菌科Shewanellaceae 希万氏菌科Aeromonadaceae 气单胞菌科Geobacteraceae 地杆菌科Brevibacteriaceae 短杆菌科Porphyromonadaceae 紫单胞菌科Xanthobacteraceae 黄色杆菌科Spirochaetaceae 螺旋体科Propionibacteriaceae 丙酸杆菌科属（Genus ）Janthinobacterium 紫色杆菌属Flavobacterium 黄杆菌属Thermomonas 热单胞菌属Mycoplana 枝动杆菌属Sorangium 堆囊菌属Opitutus 丰佑菌属Sphingomonas 鞘脂单胞菌属Streptomyces 链霉菌属Lysobacter 溶杆菌属Cellvibrio 纤维弧菌属Pedobacter 地杆菌属Aeromicrobium 气微菌属Rhodoplanes 红游动菌属Pseudomonas 假单胞菌属Planctomyces 浮霉状菌属Phenylobacterium 苯基杆菌属Pseudoxanthomonas假黄色单胞菌属Sphingobium 鞘脂菌属Nannocystis 侏囊菌属Variovorax 贪噬菌属Luteimonas 单胞菌属Gemmata 出芽菌属Saccharothrix 糖丝菌属Prosthecobacter 突柄杆菌属Pirellula 小梨型菌属Acidovorax 食酸菌属Lentzea 伦茨氏菌属Streptosporangium 链孢子囊菌属Bacillus 芽孢杆菌属Caulobacter 茎菌属Nocardioides 类诺卡氏菌属Stenotrophomonas 寡养单胞菌Nitrosovibrio 弧菌属Actinoplanes 游动放线菌属Rubrivivax 红肠命菌属Glycomyces 糖霉菌属Agrobacterium 土壤杆菌属Mesorhizobium 中慢生根瘤菌属Agromyces 壤霉菌属Mycobacterium 分枝杆菌属Chondromyces 粒杆粘细菌属Novosphingobium 新鞘氨醇菌属Actinomadura 马杜拉放线菌属Nonomuraea 野野村菌属Catellatospora 链孢菌属Geodermatophilu地嗜皮菌属sNitrospira 硝化螺菌属Pseudonocardia 假诺卡氏菌属Sporocytophaga 生孢噬胞菌属Bdellovibrio 蛭弧菌属Asticcacaulis 不粘杆菌属Sinorhizobium 中华根瘤菌Hydrogenophaga 噬氢菌属Rubrobacter 红色杆菌属Dactylosporangium 指孢囊菌属Sphingobacterium 鞘氨醇杆菌属Brevundimonas 短波单胞菌属Jiangella 姜氏菌属Burkholderia 伯克霍尔德菌Achromobacter 无色杆菌属Hyphomicrobium 生丝微菌属Pedomicrobium 土微菌属Paenibacillus 类芽孢杆菌Phyllobacterium 叶杆菌属Cellulomonas 纤维菌属Pilimelia 水生角质菌属Arthrobacter 节细菌属Saccharopolyspora 糖多孢菌属Myxococcus 粘球菌Amycolatopsis 拟无枝酸菌Phaeospirillum 褐螺菌属Promicromonospora 原小单孢菌属Cellulosimicrobium 纤维菌属Sporichthya 游鱼孢菌属Chloronema 绿线菌属Nocardia 诺卡氏菌属Pimelobacter 脂肪杆菌属Paracoccus 副球菌属Bosea 氏菌属Staphylococcus 葡萄球菌属Planomicrobium 动性微菌属Rhodoferax 红育菌属Rhodobacter 红杆菌属Hymenobacter 薄层菌属Saccharomonospora 糖单胞菌属Cytophaga 噬细胞菌属罗尔斯通菌属Rathayibacter 拉氏杆菌属Gemmatimonas 芽单胞菌属 Alicyclobacillus 杆菌属 Clostridium 梭菌属Corynebacterium 棒状杆菌属 Cryptosporangium 隐孢菌属 Comamonas 丛毛单胞菌属 CandidatusProtochlamydia Asteroleplasma 无甾醇原体属 Sporosarcina 芽孢八叠球菌属 Azospirillum 固氮螺菌属 Magnetospirillum 磁螺菌属 Thermoactinomyces 高温防线菌属 Methylobacterium 甲基杆菌属 Ralstonia CupriavidusCaldilineaAzorhizophilusRhodococcusLegionellaBrevibacillusPolaromonasAcinetobacterGeorgeniaActinocorallia贪铜菌属 暖绳菌属 嗜氮根瘤菌属 红球菌属 军团杆菌 短芽孢杆菌属 单胞菌属 不动杆菌属 乔治菌属 珊瑚状防线菌属 RoseomonasPrauserellaCoprococcusPrauseria玫瑰单胞菌属 氏菌属 粪球菌属 布劳氏菌属Brachybacterium 短状杆菌属Azoarcus 固氮弧菌属Beijerinckia 拜叶林克氏菌属Virgibacillus 枝芽孢菌属Syntrophomonas 互营单胞菌属Geobacillus 土芽孢杆菌属Parachlamydia 副衣原体属Anaeromyxobacter 厌氧粘细菌属Oscillochloris 颤绿菌属Procabacter 普罗卡杆菌属Methanosarcina 甲烷八叠球菌属Microbacterium 微杆菌属Methylophaga 噬甲基菌属Methanoculleus 甲烷囊菌属Methylocaldum 甲基暖菌属Rickettsia 立克次氏体Alkaliphilus 嗜碱菌属Cryobacterium 冷杆菌属Shewanella 希瓦氏菌属Gordonia 戈登氏菌属Psychrobacter 嗜冷杆菌属Serratia 沙雷氏菌属Spirochaeta 螺旋体属Leptolyngbya 鞘丝藻属Caloramator 喜热菌属Dietzia 迪茨氏属Hyphomonas 生丝单胞菌属Yersinia 耶尔森氏鼠疫杆菌属Microlunatus 小月菌属Anaerolinea 厌氧绳菌属Brevibacterium 短杆菌属。

Microorganism/Microbe微生物微生物学MicrobiologyPasteur 巴斯德细菌Bacteria古生菌（Archaea)细菌(Bacteria)真核生物(Eukaryotes)真核微生物Eukaryotic microorganisms 病毒（Virus）球菌coccus杆菌bacillus螺旋菌spirilla革兰氏阳性细菌 Gram positive bacteria) 革兰氏阴性细菌 Gram negative bacteria) Actinomycetes(放线菌)Yeast(酵母菌)Molds(霉菌)Culture dish/Petri dish(平皿)Shake Flask （三角瓶）Fermentor（发酵罐）菌落 colony平板plateInoculation （接种）Luise Pasteur（巴斯德）Robert Koch（柯赫）Cell wall(细胞壁)Cytoplasmic membrane细胞质膜Cytoplasm（细胞质）蓝细菌CyanobacteriaNuclear region(核区）Inclusion body(内含物)Glycocalyx(糖被）Flagella (鞭毛)Spore (芽孢)Pili(性毛)Fimbria(菌毛)Gram stain （革兰氏染色）脂多糖 (LPS)球状体（sphaeroplast）原生质体（protoplast）支原体（mycoplasma）Cytoplasmic membrane Cytoplasm贮藏物（Reserve materials）核糖体（Ribosome）质粒（plasmid）芽孢（Spore）鞭毛（Flagella）Fungi（真菌）菌丝体mycelium类病毒（Viroid）朊病毒(prion)噬菌体p h a g e病毒v i r u sNutrition(营养)Nutrient(营养物)Source of carbon （碳源）Source of Nitrogen （氮源）Inorganic salt（无机盐）Growth factor（生长因子）Water（水分）Energy source（能源）Source of carbon （碳源）Source of Nitrogen （氮源)Inorganic salt（无机盐）Growth factor（生长因子)Energy source（能源）Culture medium培养基呼吸respiration无氧呼吸anaerobic respiration发酵fermentation连续培养 continuous culture分批培养batch culture生长曲线growth curve纯培养(Pure culture)灭菌（sterilization）消毒（disinfection）抗生素antibiotics转化transformation转导transduction接合conjugation,mating诱变剂mutagen基因突变 gene mutation营养缺陷型auxotroph原养型prototroph野生型wild type菌种 culture或stock culture菌种保藏 preservation 或conservation或者maintenance疫苗vaccine防腐（antisepsis）化疗(chemotherapy) 艾姆斯试验法Ames test基因工程 Gene Engineering试熟记以下最基本的微生物学名：（1）细菌Bacillus subtilis[枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis（苏云金芽孢杆菌）E.coli [大肠（埃希氏）杆菌]，Rhizobium（根瘤菌）Staphalococcus aureus（金黄色葡萄球菌）（2）放线菌Actinomyces 放线菌Streptomyces griseus（灰色链霉菌）。

Microbiology微生物学分类相关中英文对照Microbiology 微生物学分类相关中英文对照微生物学microbiology病毒学virology噬菌体学bacteriophagology细菌学bacteriology鉴定细菌学determinative bacteriology系统细菌学systematic bacteriology真菌学mycology原生生物学protistology原生动物学protozoology普通微生物学general microbilogy微生物分类学microbial taxonomy微生物生理学microbial physiology微生物生物化学microbial biochemistry 微生物遗传学microbial genetics微生物生态学microbial ecology古微生物学paleomicrobiology土壤微生物学soil microbiology水生微生物学aquatic microbiology海洋微生物学marine microbiology悉生生物学gnotobiology医学微生物学medical microbiology兽医微生物学veterinary microbiology农业微生物学agricultural microbiology工业微生物学industrial microbiology石油微生物学petroleum microbiology食品微生物学food microbiology乳品微生物学diary microbiology瘤胃微生物学rumen microbiology诊断微生物学diagnostic microbiology病原学etiology国际微生物学会联合会International Union of Microbiological Societies, IUMS中国微生物学会Chinese Society for Microbiology, CSM世界培养物保藏协会World Federation for Culture Collection, WFCC中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms,CCCCM美国模式培养物保藏所American Type Culture Collection, ATCC 自然发生说，无生源说spontaneous generation, abiogenesis 原界urkingdom始祖生物progenote古始生物界archetista古细菌archaebacteria原生生物protista原生动物protozoan原生植物protophyte真核生物eukaryote原核生物prokaryote裂殖植物schizophyte微生物microorganism数值分类法numerical taxonomy模式目type order模式科type family模式属type genus模式种type species模式株type strain真菌fungi捕食真菌predacious fungi虫道真菌ambrosia fungi地下真菌hypogeal fungi虫生真菌entomogenous fungi 菌根真菌mycorrhizal fungi 木腐菌wood-decay fungi霉菌mold, mould半知菌imperfect fungi子囊菌ascomycetes粘菌slime mold, slime mould 壶菌chytrid卵菌oomycetes接合菌zygomycetes担子菌basidiomycetes核菌pyrenomycetes盘菌cup fungi块菌truffles锈菌rust fungi蘑菇mushrooms毒蘑菇poisonous mushroom酵母菌yeast无孢子酵母菌asporogenous yeasts 有孢子酵母菌sporogenous yeasts 黑粉菌smut fungi双态性真菌dimorphic fungi毛外癣菌ectothrix毛内癣菌endothrix完全真菌perfect fungi黑粉病smut disease锈病rust disease菌丝hypha菌髓trama假菌丝体pseudomycelium气生菌丝体aerial mycelium基内菌丝体substrate mycelium球拍状菌丝体racquet mycelium结节状菌丝nodular mycelium梳状菌丝pectinafe mycelium螺旋菌丝spiral mycelium匍匐菌丝stolon次生菌丝体secondary mycelium有隔菌丝septate hypha无隔菌丝nonseptate hypha生殖菌丝体reproductive mycelium 营养菌丝体vegetative mycelium不育菌丝体sterile mycelium菌丝体mycelium黄癣菌丝favic chandelier mycelium 产囊丝ascogenous hypha 产囊体ascogonium原植体thallus粘菌体aethalium合胞体syncytium虫菌体hyphal body盾状体clypeus子实体fruiting body产孢体gleba子实层体hymenophore 子实层hymenium子实下层subhymenium 菌丝层subiculum菌丝段hyphal fragment 菌丝束coremium菌丝索funiculus菌核sclerotium器菌核pycnosclerotium 菌环annulus菌裙indusium菌盖pileus顶体apicle藏卵器oogonium雄器antheridium[锈菌]性孢子器pycnium锈子器aecium精子器spermogonium囊状体cystidium粉孢子梗oidiophore小梗sterigma接合孢子柄zygosporophore 孢囊柄sporangiophore 配囊柄suspensor孢子梗sporophore分生孢子梗conidiophore雄器柄androphore帚状枝penicillus瓶梗phialide梗基metulae芽孔germ pore芽管germ tube芽缝germ slit孢丝capillitium周丝periphysis类周丝periphysoid侧丝paraphysis拟侧丝pseudoparaphysis类侧丝paraphysoid[孢子]外壁exosporium外生菌根ectomycorrhiza内生菌根endomycorrhiza内外生菌根ectendomycorrhiza泡囊丛枝菌根vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza刺突spike弹丝elater刚毛seta微体microbody泡囊vesicle隔膜septum假隔膜pseudoseptum分生孢子盘acervulus分生孢子座sporodochium 精子团spermatium囊基膜hypothallus囊层基hypothecium囊层被epithecium囊间丝hamathecium囊托apophysis囊领collarette囊轴columella孔口ostiole菌托volva孢子角cirrus孢子球spore ball孢子印spore print聚簇cluster[菌丝]融合anastomosis [孢子]切落abjunction [孢子]缢断abstriction多态[现象] polymorphism 缢缩[作用] constriction 粉孢子oidium孢子spore厚壁孢子chlamydospore 环痕孢子annellospore节孢子arthrospore卷旋孢子helicospore腊肠形孢子allantospore孔出孢子porospore星形孢子staurospore线形孢子scolecospore砖格孢子dictyospore侧生孢子aleuriospore芽生孢子blastospore瓶梗孢子phialospore无梗孢子thallospore分生孢子conidium大分生孢子macroconidium 小分生孢子microconidium 节分生孢子arthroconidium 芽分生孢子blastoconidium 器孢子pycnidiospore无隔孢子amerospore双胞孢子didymospore多隔孢子phragmospore休眠孢子hypnospore顶生孢子acrospore顶生厚壁孢子fuseau内分生孢子endoconidium担孢子basidiospore双孢担孢子dispore同形孢子isospore柄生孢子stylospore[锈菌]性孢子pycniospore产雄器孢子androspore夏孢子urediniospore, aeciospore 冬孢子teliospore四分孢子tetraspore粘孢子myxospore多核孢子coenospore孢囊孢子sporangiospore子囊孢子ascospore多核细胞coenocyte分生孢子果conidiocarp分生孢子器pycnidium孢[子]囊sporangium柱孢子囊merosporangium四分孢子囊tetrasporangium原孢子囊prosporangium多核孢子囊coenosporangium 休眠孢子囊hypnosporangium 子囊ascus接合孢子zygospore拟接合孢子azygospore原囊壁子囊prototunicate ascus 单囊壁子囊unitunicate ascus 双囊壁子囊bitunicate ascus子囊果ascocarp子囊壳perithecium闭囊壳cleistothecium闭囊果cleistocarp盘状子囊果discocarp孢囊果sporangiocarp [接]合子zygote单性合子azygote多核合子coenozygote异形合子heterozygote合子核zygotonucleus游动合子planozygote担子basidium半担子hemibasidium隔担子heterobasidium无隔担子holobasidium有隔担子phragmobasidium 内生担子endobasidium原担子protobasidium上担子epibasidium下担子hypobasidium同担子homobasidium担子果basidiocarp担子体basidiophore配子gamete原配子progamete雄配子androgamete雄核发育androgenesis同形配子isogamete异形配子heterogamete游动配子zoogamete多核配子coenogamete配子囊gametangium配子母细胞gametocyte同形配子囊isogametangium 原配子囊progametangium 小孢子囊sporangiole微包囊microcyst足细胞foot cell脚胞foot cell固着器holdfast附着枝hyphopodium吸盘sucker锁状细胞clamp cell锁状联合clamp connection 偶核细胞zeugite卵球oosphere卵质ooplasm孢原质sporoplasm卵配子oogamete卵孢子oospore球状胞sphaerocyst子囊腔locule子囊盘apothecium子囊座ascostroma缝裂壳hysterothecium下子座hypostroma包被peridium子座stroma壳心centrum拟包被pseudoperidium无融合生殖apomixis同宗配合homothallism准性生殖parasexuality异宗配合heterothallism同配生殖isogamy异配生殖heterogamy无配生殖apogamy配囊交配gametangial copulation 交配型mating type 全型holomorph夏孢子期uredostage冬孢子堆teleutosorus, telium 夏孢子堆uredinium子囊孢子形成ascosporulation 孢子形成sporulation 细菌bacteria薄壁[细]菌类gracilicutes硬壁[细]菌类fermicutes疵壁[细]菌类mendosicutes无壁[细]菌类tenericutes柔膜细菌mollicutes真细菌eubacteria暗细菌scotobacteria无氧光细菌anoxyphotobacteria 生氧光细菌oxyphotobacteria 放线菌actinomycetes螺[旋]菌spirilla粘细菌slime bacteria。

医学微生物专业词汇英汉对照表50%组织细胞感染量tissue culture infected dose of 50%Dane颗粒Dane’s particleDick试验Dick testEB病毒Epstein-Barr virusEB病毒核抗原EB nuclear antigenEl Tor生物型El Tor biotypeHTLV-1型相关脊髓病HTLV-1 associated myelopathyIMViC试验IMViC testKaposi肉瘤相关疱疹病毒Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus M蛋白M proteinM细胞membranous cellM细胞microfold cellN-乙酰胞壁酸N-acytlmuramic acidN-乙酰葡糖胺N-acetyl glucosamineTT病毒TT virusVero毒素vero toxinVP试验Voge-Proskauer testβ-内酰胺类β-lactamβ-内酰胺酶β-lactamaseβ-溶血β-hemolysis埃博拉病毒Ebola virus埃及嗜血杆菌H. aegyptius埃可病毒ECHO virus埃立克体属Ehrlichia埃希菌属Escherichia氨基甙类aminoglycoside暗视野检查darkfield examination奥普托欣试验optochin test巴氏消毒法pasteurization巴通体属Bartonella巴西副球孢子菌Paracoccidiodes brasiliensis巴西诺卡菌N. brasiliensis白喉diphtheria白喉棒状杆菌 C. dephtheriae白喉毒素diphtheria toxin白吉利毛孢子菌Trichosporon beigelii白假丝酵母菌Candida albicans百日咳鲍特菌 B. pertussis败血症septicemia斑疹伤寒立克次体R. typhi半数感染量media infective dose半数致死量median lethal dose邦戈沙门菌S. bongori棒状杆菌属Corynebacterium包涵体inclusion body包膜envelope包膜子粒peplomere孢子spore孢子囊孢子sporangiospore孢子丝菌sporotrichum胞内菌intracellular bacteria胞外菌extracellular bacteria保护性抗原protective antigen鲍氏志贺菌S. boydii鲍特菌属Bordelella杯状病毒科Caliciviridae贝纳柯克斯体 C. burnetii鼻疽假单胞菌P. malleri鼻咽癌nasopharyngeal carcinoma鞭毛flagellum变形杆菌属Proteus变种variety标准株standard strain表面感染superficial infection表皮葡萄球菌Staph. epidermidis表皮溶解毒素epidermolytic toxin表皮癣菌属Epidermohyton表型混合phenotypic mixing丙酸杆菌属Propionibacterium丙型肝炎病毒属hepacivirus丙型溶血性链球菌γ-streptococcus病毒virus病毒蛋白酶viral protease病毒干扰作用viral interference病毒感染viral infection病毒核心viral core病毒体virion病毒显性感染apparent viral infection 病毒携带者viral carrier病毒性出血热viral hemorrhagic fever 病毒性疾病viral disease病毒血症viremia病原菌pthogenic bacterium病原体pathogen病原微生物pathogenic microorganism伯基特淋巴瘤Burkitt’s lymphoma伯氏疏螺旋体 B. burgdorferi不耐热肠毒素heat labile enterotoxin布鲁菌素Brucellin布鲁菌属Brucella布尼雅病毒科Bunyaviridae苍白螺旋体T. pallidum草绿色溶血性链球菌β-hemolytic streptococcus叉交耐药cross-resistanc插入序列insertion sequence产黑色素普雷沃菌P. melaninogenica产气荚膜梭菌 C. perfringens肠产毒素型大肠埃希菌enterotoxigenic E. coli肠出血型大肠埃希菌enterohemorrhagic E. coli肠道病毒enterovirus肠道沙门菌S. enterica肠道腺病毒enteric adenovirus肠道亚种Subsp. enterica肠道致细胞病变人孤儿病毒enteric cytopathogenic human orphan virus 肠毒素enterotoxin肠集聚型大肠埃希菌enteroaggregative E. coli肠侵袭型大肠埃希菌enteroinvasive E. coli肠炎沙门菌S. enteritidis肠致病型大肠埃希菌enteropathogenic E. coli超感染，二重感染superinfection朝鲜出血热Korean hemorrhagic fever成人T细胞白血病adult T-cell leukemia迟缓期lag phase持续性病毒感染persistent viral infection虫媒病毒arbovirus出血热病毒hemorrhagic fever virus触须样纤维antennal fiber穿入penetration传染病infectious disease传染性痴呆病transmissible dementia传染性单核增多症样综合症infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome传染性海绵状脑病transmissible spongiform encephalopathy垂直传播vertical transmission垂直感染vertical infection纯蛋白衍生物purified protein derivative纯培养pure culture刺突spike从毛菌lophotrichate粗糙型菌落rough colony脆弱拟杆菌 B. fragilis大肠埃希菌 E. coli大肠菌素colicin大分生孢子macroconidium大环内脂类macrolide带菌状态carrie state单纯疱疹病毒herpes simplex virus单毛菌monotrichate弹状病毒科Rhabdoviridae蛋白酶抗性蛋白proteinase resistant protein蛋白性感染颗粒（朊粒）proteinaceus infection particle德氏乳杆菌L. delbrueckii登革病毒dengue virus登革出血热dengue hemorrhagic fever登革热dengue fever登革休克综合征dengue shock syndrome碘苷，疱疹净idoxuridine电子显微镜electronmicroscope淀粉样斑amyloid plaque叠氮胸苷azidothymidine定居因子colonization factor定植colonization定植因子抗原I colonization factor antigen type I东方体属Orientia动物源性疾病zoonosis痘病毒科Poxviridae毒力virulence毒素toxin毒性噬菌体virulent phage毒性休克综合征毒素I toxic shock syndrome toxin I毒血症toxemia杜克嗜血杆菌H. ducreyi杜通螺旋体 B. duttonii短芽胞杆菌 B. brevis断发毛癣菌Trichophyton tonsurans对数期exponential phase顿挫感染abortive infection多瘤病毒（属）Polyomavirus多粘芽胞杆菌 B. polymyxa多重复活multiplicity reactivation多重耐药multiple drug resistance俄罗斯春夏脑炎病毒Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus 二分裂binary fission二相性，双相性dimorphic防腐antisepsis放线共生放线杆菌actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans，Aa放线菌属Actinomyces非病原菌nonpathogenic bacterium非病原微生物nonpathogenic microorganism非典型分枝杆菌atypical mycobacteria非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor 非结核分枝杆菌nontuberculosis mycobacteria非菌毛粘附物质afimbrial adhesin非溶血性链球菌streptococcus non-hemolyticus非适应性免疫nonadaptive immunity非特异性免疫nonspecific immunity非胃肠道感染parenteral infection非洲出血热Africa hemorrhagic fever肥达试验Widal test肺炎克雷伯菌K. pneumoniae肺炎链球菌Streptococcus pneumoniae肺炎链球菌溶血素pneumolysin肺炎衣原体 C. pneumonia肺炎支原体M. Pneumonia分离物isolate分生孢子conidium分枝杆菌Mycobacterium分枝菌病mycetoma分枝菌酸mycolic acid奋森螺旋体 B. vincent疯牛病mad cow disease福氏志贺菌S. flexneri辅助病毒helper virus腐生菌saprophyte腐生葡萄球菌Staph. saprophyticus附加体episome复制周期replication cycle副流感嗜血杆菌H. parainfluenzae副溶血性弧菌V. parahemolyticus副溶血性嗜血杆菌H. parahaemolyticus副嗜沫嗜血杆菌H. paraphrophilus干扰素interferon甘露糖结合凝集素mannan-binding lectin杆菌肽bacitracin肝病毒属hepatovirus肝特异性脂蛋白抗原liver specific protein肝炎病毒hepatitis virus肝炎相关病毒hepatitis-related virus高密度颗粒凝集试验high density particle agglutination高压蒸汽灭菌autoclaving革兰染色Gram stain隔膜septum庚型肝炎病毒hepatitis G virus钩端螺体属Leptospira枸橼酸盐利用试验citrate utilization test古典生物型classical biotype固定毒株fixed strain关节孢子arthrospore光滑型菌落smooth colony汉城病毒Seoul virus汉滩病毒Hantaan virus汉坦病毒肺综合症hantavirus pulmonary syndrome汉坦病毒属hantavirus核苷类似物nucleoside analogue核苷酸类似物nucleotide analogue核酸杂交nucleotide hybridization核梭杆菌 F. nucleatum核糖核蛋白ribonucleoprotein核心多糖core polysaccharide核质nuclear material赫姆斯螺旋体 B. hermsii红色毛癣菌Trichophyton rubrum红细胞凝集hemagglutination红细胞吸附hemadsorption红疹毒素erythrogenic toxin厚膜孢子clamydospore鲎试验limulus test呼肠病毒科Reoviridae呼吸爆发respiratory burst弧菌属Vibrio互补作用complementation坏死梭杆菌 F. necrophorum黄病毒科Flaviviridae黄病毒属flavivirus黄曲霉aspergillus flavus黄曲霉素aflatoxin回归热螺旋体 B. recurrentis获得性免疫acquired immunity获得性免疫缺陷综合症acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 霍乱弧菌V. cholerae机会性感染oppotunistic infection机会性致病真菌opportunistic fungi基础培养基basic medium基因工程疫苗gene engineered vaccine基因工程载体疫苗gene engineered vectored vaccine 基因缺失活疫苗gene deleted live vaccine基因群genetic group基因型genotype基因重配gene reassortment基因重组gene recombination急性病毒感染acute viral infection急性感染acute infection急性期蛋白acute phase protein脊髓灰质炎poliomyelitis脊髓灰质炎病毒poliovirus计划免疫programmed immunization寄生菌parasite荚膜capsule荚膜多糖抗原capsular polysaccharides antigen荚膜肿胀试验capsule swelling test荚膜组织胞浆菌Histoplasma capsulatum甲基红试验methyl red test甲型副伤寒沙门菌S. paratyphi A甲型溶血性链球菌α-hemolytic streptococcus假单胞菌属Pseudomonas假结核耶尔森菌Y. pseudotuberculosia假菌丝pseudohypha假膜pseudomembrane假膜性结肠炎pseudomembranous colitis假丝酵母菌，念珠菌candida尖锐湿疣condylemata acuminata间歇灭菌法fractional sterilization艰难梭菌 C. difficile兼性厌氧菌facultative anaerobe减毒活疫苗attenuated live vaccine减速期retardation phase交叉复活crossing reactivation酵母菌yeast酵母型菌落yeast type colony接合conjugation街毒株street strain节肢动物媒介病毒arthropod borne virus结肠弯曲菌 C. cali结核分枝杆菌Mycobacterium tuberculosis结核杆菌Tubercle bacilli解脲脲原体Ureaplasma urealyticum金黄色葡萄球菌Staph. aureus旧结核菌素old tuberculin局部感染local infection局限性转导restricted transduction巨噬细胞炎性蛋白macrophage inflammatory protein巨细胞包涵体病cytomegalic inclusion disease巨细胞病毒cytomegalovirus聚合酶链反应polymerase chain reaction军团菌属Legionella菌落colony菌毛fimbriae菌毛pili菌群失调dysbacteriosis菌丝hypha菌血症bacteremia菌影ghost菌株、毒株strain卡介菌Bacilli Calmette-Gurin卡氏肺孢菌Pneumocysit carinii卡氏枝孢霉Cladosporium carrianii抗病毒药物antiviral drug抗毒素antitoxin抗菌药物antibacterial agent抗溶血素O antistreptolysin O抗生素antibiotics抗酸杆菌acid-fast bacilli抗酸染色acid-fast stain抗微生物化学治疗antimicrobial chemotherapy抗真菌药物antifungal drug柯克斯属Coxiella柯萨奇病毒coxsackievirus壳粒capsomere克雷伯菌属Klebsiella克里米亚-刚果出血热病毒Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic hever virus 克隆clone克雅病Creuzfeldt-Jacob disease空斑形成plaque formation空肠弯曲菌 C. jejuni空泡毒素vacuolating cytotoxin恐水症hydrophobia枯草芽胞杆菌 B. subtilis狂犬病病毒rabies virus狂犬病病毒属lyssavirus扩散因子spreading factor蜡样芽胞杆菌 B. cereus类白喉杆菌diphtheroid bacilli类鼻疽假单胞菌P. pseudomallei类毒素toxoid类酵母型菌落yeast-like type colony立克次体Rickettsia痢疾杆菌dysentery bacterium痢疾志贺菌S. dysenteriae链道酶streptodornase链激酶streptokinase链霉素依赖株streptomycin dependent strain链球菌Streptococcus链球菌溶血素O streptolysin O链球菌溶血素S streptolysin S两路普雷沃菌P. bivia淋病奈瑟菌N. gonorrhoeae淋球菌gonococcus磷壁酸teichoic acid流感嗜血杆菌H. influenza流行性出血热epidemic hemorrhagic fever流行性乙型脑炎病毒epidemic type B encephalitis virus 六邻体hexon吕氏培养基Leffler medium绿脓色素pyocyanin氯霉素乙酰转移酶chloramphenicol acetyltransferase卵磷脂酶lecithinase轮状病毒rotavirus螺杆菌属Helicobacter麻痹型脊髓灰质炎paralytic poliomyelitis麻风分枝杆菌Mycobacterium leprae马堡病毒Marburg virus马堡热Marburg fever慢发病毒感染slow viral infection慢性病毒感染chronic viral infection慢性感染chronic infection毛霉菌Mucor毛癣菌属Trichophyton霉菌mold弥漫性多克隆淋巴瘤diffuse polyclonal lymphoma弥散粘附型大肠埃希菌diffusely adherent E. coli密螺旋体属Treponema绵羊布鲁菌 B. ovis灭活疫苗inactivated vaccine灭菌sterilization模式菌株type strain膜攻击复合物membrane attack complex膜菌群membrane flora内毒素endotoxin内毒素血症endotoxemia内毒素样物质endotoxin-like substance内基小体Negri body内罗病毒属nairovirus内膜tegument内氏放线菌 A. naeslundii内源性感染endogenous infection内源性致热源endogenous pyrogens奈瑟菌属Neisseria奈瑟染色Neisser stain耐甲氧苯青霉素金黄色葡萄球菌methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus 耐热肠毒素heat stable enterotoxin耐热相关溶血素thermostable related hemolysin耐热直接溶血素thermostable direct hemolysin耐药决定子resistance determinant耐药突变株drug-resistant mutant耐药性drug resistance耐药性传递质粒resistance transfer factor耐药质粒，R质粒resistance plasmid脑膜炎奈瑟菌N. meningitidis脑膜炎球菌meningococcus拟核nucleoid逆转录病毒retrovirus逆转录酶reverse transcriptase黏液放线菌 A. uiscous尿路致病性大肠埃希菌uropathogenic E. coli凝固酶coagulase凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌coagulase negative staphylococci凝集试验agglutination test牛布鲁菌 B. abortus牛海绵状脑病bovine spongiform encephalopathy脓毒血症pyemia脓红色素pyorubin脓青素pyovendin诺卡菌属Nocardia诺瓦克病毒Norwalk virus疱疹B病毒herpes B virus疱疹病毒科Herpesviridae培养基culture medium裴氏着色真菌Fonseceea pedrosoi披膜病毒科Togaviridae皮肤癣菌Dermatophytes皮炎芽生菌blastomyces dermatitidis蜱传脑炎病毒tick-borne encephalitis virus破伤风tetani破伤风痉挛毒素tetanospasmin破伤风抗毒素tetanus antitoxin破伤风梭菌 C. tetani葡萄球菌Staphylococcus葡萄球菌A蛋白staphylococcal protein A葡萄球菌溶血素staphylolysin普遍性转导generalized transduction普氏立克次体R. prowazekii普通变形糖菌P. vulgaris奇异变形杆菌P. mirablis气单胞菌属Aeromonas气性坏疽gas gangrene迁徙生长现象swarming growth phenomenon前病毒provirus前噬菌体prophage潜伏感染latent infection潜伏感染膜蛋白latent membrane protein潜伏期抗原latent phase antigen潜伏性病毒感染latent viral infection侵袭力invasiveness侵袭素invasin侵袭性酶invasive enzyme青霉素penicillin青霉素结合蛋白penicillin-binding protein曲霉属aspergillus龋齿放线菌 A. odontolyticus全身感染generalized infection犬布鲁菌 B. canis缺陷病毒defective virus缺陷干扰质粒defective interfering particle缺陷性细小病毒defective parvovirus群体免疫herd immunity热原质pyrogen人工被动免疫artificial passive immunization人工免疫artificial immunization人工主动免疫artificial active immunization人类免疫缺陷病毒human immunodeficiency virus人类疱疹病毒human herpes virus人类疱疹病毒6型human herpes virus 6人类乳头瘤病毒human papillomavirus人类嗜T细胞病毒human T-cell lymphotropic virus人型支原体M. hominis日本乙型脑炎病毒Japanes B encephalitis virus溶菌酶lysozyme溶细胞感染cytolytic infection溶纤维蛋白酶fibrinolysin溶血素hemolysin溶血性嗜血杆菌H. haemolyticus溶原性细菌lysogenic bacterium溶原性转换lysogenic conversion肉毒毒素botulin肉毒梭菌 C. botulinum肉毒中毒botulism乳杆菌属Lactobacillus乳头瘤病毒属Papillomavirus朊粒prion朊粒蛋白prion protein赛科纳瓦saquinavir散发sporadic森林脑炎病毒frest excephalitis virus杀白细胞素leukocidin杀菌剂bactericidal drug杀细胞效应cytocidal effect沙保培养基Sabouraud medium沙门菌属Salmonella沙眼生物变种biovar trachoma沙眼衣原体 C. trachomatis伤寒沙门菌S. typhi伤寒沙门菌Salmonella typhi社区感染community infection申克孢子丝菌Sporotrichum schenckii神经氨酸酶neurominidase神经毒素neurotoxins神奈川现象Kanagawa phenomenon肾盂肾炎致病性大肠埃希菌nephropathogenic E. coli 肾综合征出血热hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome 生长曲线growth curve生物分型biotyping生物合成biosynthesis生物制品biological product始体initial body嗜肺军团菌L. pneumophila嗜肝DNA病毒科Hepadnaviridae嗜沫嗜血杆菌H. aphrophilus嗜热芽胞杆菌 B. stearothermophilus嗜水气单胞菌 A. hydrophila嗜酸乳杆菌L. acidophilus嗜血杆菌属Haemophilus嗜盐菌halophilic噬菌体bacteriophage噬菌体分型bacteriophage typing疏螺旋体属Borrelia鼠布鲁菌 B. neotomae鼠毒素murine toxin鼠亚种biovar mouse鼠疫杆菌外膜蛋白Yersinia outer membrane protein 鼠疫耶尔森菌Y. pestis衰亡期decline phase双毛菌amphitrichate双歧杆菌属Bifidobacterium水痘varicella水痘－带状疱疹病毒varicella-zoster virus水平传播horizontal transmission丝状病毒科Filoviridae丝状病毒属filovirus丝状菌flamentous fungus丝状菌落flamentous colony宋内志贺菌S. sonnei宿主范围突变株host-range mutant髓过氧化物酶myeloperoxidase梭杆菌属Fusobacterum梭菌属Clostridium索状因子cord factor胎儿弯曲菌 C. fetus肽聚糖peptidoglycan炭疽芽胞杆菌 B. anthracis特异多糖specific polysaccharide特异免疫specific immunity体液免疫humoral immunity天花smallpox天花病毒variola virus天然免疫innate immunity条件致病菌conditional infection条件致病真菌conditional fungi铁锈色小孢子癣菌microsporum ferrugineum铜绿假单胞菌P. aeruginosa头孢霉素cephalosporin透明质酸酶hyaluronidase突变mutation豚鼠气单胞菌 A. caviae脱壳uncoating外毒素exotoxin外毒素exotoxin外－斐试验Weil-Felix test外膜outer membrane外膜蛋白outer membrane protein外源性感染Exogenous infection弯曲菌属Campylobacter晚期抗原late antigen微生态学microecology微生物学microbiology微需氧菌microaeroohilic bacterium韦荣球菌属Veillonella维隆气单胞菌温和生物型 A. veronii biovar sobrid 伪病毒pseudovirion卫星现象satellite phenomenon温度敏感性突变株conditional-lethal mutant温和噬菌体temperate phage瘟病毒属pestivirus稳定状态感染steady state infection无环鸟苷（阿昔洛韦）acyclovir无菌asepsis无菌性脑膜炎aseptic meningitis无性繁殖asexual reproduction五邻体penton戊型肝炎hepatitis E戊型肝炎病毒hepatitis E virus吸附adsorption希氏沙门菌S. hirschfeldii锡克试验Schick test细胞病变cytopathy细胞病变效应cytopathic effect细胞毒素cytotoxins细胞毒性因子cytotoxicity factor细胞免疫cellular immunity细胞培养cell culture细菌素分型bacteriocin typing细小病毒parvovirus先天感染congenital infection腺病毒adenovirus腺病毒相关病毒adenoassociated virus消毒disinfection消毒剂disinfectant消化链球菌属Peptostreptococcus消化球菌属Peptococcus小孢子癣菌属microsporum小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌Y. enterocolitica小分生孢子microconidium小核糖核酸病毒科Picornaviridae小韦荣球菌V. parvula小圆形结构病毒small round structured virus肖氏沙门菌S. schottmuelleri辛诺柏病毒Sin Nombre virus新肠道病毒new enterovirus新疆出血热病毒Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus新生隐球菌Cryptococcus neoformans星形诺卡菌N. asteroides星状病毒astrovirus猩红热毒素scarlet fever toxin型type性病淋巴肉芽肿lymphogranuloma venereum性病淋巴肉芽肿亚种biovar lymphogranuloma venereum 性传播疾病sexually transmitted disease汹涌发酵stormy fermentation许兰毛癣菌Trichophyton schoenleinii选择培养基selective medium癣tinea血凝素hemagglutinin血清学分型serotyping血清学诊断serological diagnosis芽胞spore，endospore芽胞杆菌属Bacillus芽生孢子blastospore亚单位疫苗subunit vaccine亚临床感染subclinical infection亚种subspecies亚洲璃眼蜱hyalomma asiaticum烟曲霉aspergillus fumigatus羊布鲁菌 B. melitensis羊瘙痒病scrapie羊瘙痒病相关纤维scrapie-associated fibrils羊瘙痒病因子朊粒蛋白scrapie isoform of PrP恙虫病立克次体R. tsutsugamushi药敏试验antimicrobial susceptibility test耶尔森菌属Yersinia野毒株wild strain叶状孢子thallospore衣壳capsid衣氏放线菌 A. israelii衣原体Chlamydia医学微生物学medical microbiology医院感染hospital infection医院感染nosocomial infection医院获得性感染hospital-acquired infection遗传重组疫苗genetic recombinant vaccine乙型溶血性链球菌β-hemolytic streptococcus 异染颗粒metachromatic granules异养菌heterotroph抑菌bacteriostasis抑菌剂bacteriostat易损气单胞菌 A. trota疫苗vaccine隐性感染inapparent infection鹦鹉热衣原体 C. psittaci幽门螺杆菌H. pylori有隔菌丝septate hypha有性繁殖sexual reproduction预防接种prophylactic immunization原核细胞型微生物prokaryote原内毒素蛋白original endotoxin protein原内毒素相关蛋白cytotoxin-associated gene a 原生质体protoplast原生质体融合protoplast fusion原体elementary body原位杂交in situ hybrization再生障碍危象aplastic crisis早老性痴呆病presenile dementia早期抗原early antigen增菌培养基enrichment medium窄谱narrow spectrum粘附素adhesin粘肽mucopeptide粘液型菌落mucoid colony真核细胞型微生物ekaryote真菌fungus真菌病mycoses真菌毒素mycotoxin真菌毒素学mycotoxiology真菌中毒mycotoxicosis真细菌ebacterium整合integration正常菌群normal flora正常微生物群normal microbiota正常细胞朊粒蛋白cellular isoform of prp 支原体Mycoplasma支原体肺炎Mycoplasma pneumonia脂多糖Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)脂多糖结合蛋白LPS-binding protein脂磷壁酸lipoteichoic acid脂质A lipid A志贺毒素shiga toxin志贺菌属Shigella志贺样毒素shiga-like toxin质粒plasmid致病性pathogenicity致病性真菌pathogenic fungi致热反应pyogenicity致热外毒素pyrogenic exotoxins致死因子lethal factor中和抗体neutralizing antibody中和作用neutralization test中介体mesome种species周毛菌peritrichate猪布鲁菌 B. suis猪霍乱沙门菌S. cholerae-suis专性需氧菌obligate aerobe转导transduction转化transformation转座子transposon装配assembly着色真菌chromomycosis紫色毛癣菌Trichophyton violaceum自溶酶autolysin自养菌autotrophy组织培养tissue culture最大稳定期maximum stationary phase。