2015人教版七年级下第一次月考
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某某省某某市某某县一中2015-2016学年七年级数学下学期第一次月考试题一、精心选一选(每空3分,共24分)1.化简的结果是()A.±4 B.4 C.2 D.±22.下列语句中正确的是()A.﹣9的平方根是﹣3 B.9的平方根是3C.9的算术平方根是±3 D.9的算术平方根是33.在下图中,∠1,∠2是对顶角的图形是()A.B.C.D.4.如图,点O在直线AB上且OC⊥OD.若∠COA=36°,则∠DOB的大小为()A.36° B.54° C.64° D.72°5.如图,在下列条件中,能判断AD∥BC的是()A.∠DAC=∠BCA B.∠DCB+∠ABC=180°C.∠ABD=∠BDC D.∠BAC=∠ACD6.如图,已知∠1=70°,要使AB∥CD,则须具备另一个条件()A.∠2=70° B.∠2=100°C.∠2=110°D.∠3=110°7.下列各组数中互为相反数的是()A.﹣2与B.﹣2与C.﹣2与D.2与|﹣2| 8.将如图所示的图案通过平移后可以得到的图案是()A. B. C.D.二、填空题(每空3分,共36分)9.如图,直线AB,CD相交于点O,OE⊥AB,∠BOD=20°,则∠COE等于度.10.的算术平方根是7;的平方根是.11.自来水公司为某小区A改造供水系统,如图沿路线AO铺设管道和BO主管道衔接(AO ⊥BO),路线最短,工程造价最低,根据是.12.如图,点D在AC上,点E在AB上,且BD⊥CE,垂足为点M.下列说法:①BM的长是点B到CE的距离;②CE的长是点C到AB的距离;③BD的长是点B到AC的距离;④CM的长是点C到BD的距离.其中正确的是(填序号).13.如图,B、A、E三点在同一直线上,请你添加一个条件,使AD∥BC.你所添加的条件是(不允许添加任何辅助线).14.比较大小:﹣1,﹣﹣.15.的整数部分是,小数部分是.16.对于任意不相等的两个实数a、b,定义运算※如下:a※b=,如3※2=.那么8※12=.17.已知:表示a、b两个实数的点在数轴上的位置如图所示,化简|a﹣b|+=.三、解答题(共60分)18.仔细算一算,要细心哦:(1)﹣(2)+.19.你能求出下列各式中的x吗?(1)x2﹣49=0(2)(5﹣3x)2=.20.在四边形ABCD中,已知AB∥CD,∠B=60°,(1)求∠C的度数;(2)试问能否求得∠A的度数(只答“能”或“不能”)(3)若要证明AD∥BC,还需要补充一个条件,请你补充一个条件并加以证明.21.如图,在方格纸中(小正方形的边长为1),△ABC的三个顶点均为格点,将△ABC沿x 轴向左平移5个单位长度,根据所给的直角坐标系(O是坐标原点),解答下列问题:①画出平移后的△A′B′C′.②直接写出点A′、B′、C′的坐标.22.一个正数x的平方根是2a﹣4与6﹣a,求a和x的值.23.如图所示,某地一条小河的两岸都是直的,为测定河两岸是否平行,小明和小亮分别在河的两岸拉紧了一根细绳,并分别测出∠1=70°,∠2=70°,测出这个结果后,他们的同学小华说河岸两边是平行的,这个说法对不对?为什么?24.如图,直线AB,CD分别与直线AC相交于点A,C,与直线BD相交于点B,D.若∠1=∠2,∠3=75°,求∠4的度数.25.依照下图,在下列给出的解答中,在括号内填空或填写适当的理由:(1)∵∠()=∠()(已知),∴AD∥BC ();(2)∵∠()=∠()(已知),∴AB∥CD ();(3)∵EF∥AD(已知)又∵AD∥BC(已证)∴∥(平行于同一条直线的两条直线平行)26.附加题:(1)如图①,EF∥BC,试说明∠B+∠C+∠BAC=180°.(2)如图②,AB∥CD,试说明∠A+∠B+∠ACB=180°.(3)由前两个问题,你总结出什么结论?2015-2016学年某某省某某市某某县一中七年级(下)第一次月考数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一、精心选一选(每空3分,共24分)1.化简的结果是()A.±4 B.4 C.2 D.±2【考点】算术平方根.【分析】根据平方运算,可得算术平方根.【解答】解:化简的结果是4,故选B2.下列语句中正确的是()A.﹣9的平方根是﹣3 B.9的平方根是3C.9的算术平方根是±3 D.9的算术平方根是3【考点】算术平方根;平方根.【分析】A、B、C、D分别根据平方根和算术平方根的定义即可判定.【解答】解:A、﹣9没有平方根,故A选项错误;B、9的平方根是±3,故B选项错误;C、9的算术平方根是3,故C选项错误.D、9的算术平方根是3,故D选项正确.故选:D.3.在下图中,∠1,∠2是对顶角的图形是()A.B.C.D.【考点】对顶角、邻补角.【分析】此题在于考查对顶角的定义,作为对顶角,首先是由两条直线相交形成的,其次才是对顶角相等.【解答】解:根据两条直线相交,才能构成对顶角进行判断,A、B、D都不是由两条直线相交构成的图形,错误;C是由两条直线相交构成的图形,正确.故选C.4.如图,点O在直线AB上且OC⊥OD.若∠COA=36°,则∠DOB的大小为()A.36° B.54° C.64° D.72°【考点】垂线.【分析】首先由OC⊥OD,根据垂直的定义,得出∠COD=90°,然后由平角的定义,知∠AOC+∠COD+∠DOB=180°,从而得出∠DOB的度数.【解答】解:∵OC⊥OD,∴∠COD=90°,∵∠AOC+∠COD+∠DOB=180°,∴∠DOB=180°﹣36°﹣90°=54°.故选:B.5.如图,在下列条件中,能判断AD∥BC的是()A.∠DAC=∠BCA B.∠DCB+∠ABC=180°C.∠ABD=∠BDC D.∠BAC=∠ACD【考点】平行线的判定.【分析】根据各选项中各角的关系及利用平行线的判定定理,分别分析判断AD、BC是否平行即可.【解答】解:A、∵∠DAC=∠BCA,∴AD∥BC(内错角相等,两直线平行),故A正确;B、根据“∠DCB+∠ABC=180°”只能判定“DC∥AB”,而非AD∥BC,故B错误;C、根据“∠ABD=∠BDC”只能判定“DC∥AB”,而非AD∥BC,故C错误;D、根据“∠BAC=∠ACD”只能判定“DC∥AB”,而非AD∥BC,故D错误;故选:A.6.如图,已知∠1=70°,要使AB∥CD,则须具备另一个条件()A.∠2=70° B.∠2=100°C.∠2=110°D.∠3=110°【考点】平行线的判定.【分析】欲证AB∥CD,在图中发现AB、CD被一直线所截,且已知∠1=70°,故可按同旁内角互补两直线平行补充条件.【解答】解:∠1=70°,要使AB∥CD,则只要∠2=180°﹣70°=110°(同旁内角互补两直线平行).故选:C.7.下列各组数中互为相反数的是()A.﹣2与B.﹣2与C.﹣2与D.2与|﹣2| 【考点】实数的性质.【分析】根据只有符号不同的两个数叫做互为相反数对各选项分析判断后利用排除法求解.【解答】解:A、=2,﹣2与是互为相反数,故本选项正确;B、=﹣2,﹣2与相等,不是互为相反数,故本选项错误;C、﹣2与﹣是互为倒数,不是互为相反数,故本选项错误;D、|﹣2|=2,2与|﹣2|相等,不是互为相反数,故本选项错误.故选A.8.将如图所示的图案通过平移后可以得到的图案是()A. B. C.D.【考点】生活中的平移现象.【分析】根据平移只改变图形的位置,不改变图形的形状与大小解答.【解答】解:观察各选项图形可知,A选项的图案可以通过平移得到.故选:A.二、填空题(每空3分,共36分)9.如图,直线AB,CD相交于点O,OE⊥AB,∠BOD=20°,则∠COE等于70 度.【考点】垂线;对顶角、邻补角.【分析】根据对顶角相等求出∠AOC,根据垂直求出∠AOE,相减即可求出答案.【解答】解:∵∠BOD=20°,∴∠AOC=∠BOD=20°,∵OE⊥AB,∴∠AOE=90°,∴∠COE=90°﹣20°=70°,故答案为:70.10.49 的算术平方根是7;的平方根是±3 .【考点】算术平方根;平方根.【分析】分别利用算术平方根以及平方根的定义分析得出答案.【解答】解:∵=7,∴49的算术平方根是7;∵=9,∴平方根是±3.故答案为:49;±3.11.自来水公司为某小区A改造供水系统,如图沿路线AO铺设管道和BO主管道衔接(AO⊥BO),路线最短,工程造价最低,根据是垂线段最短.【考点】垂线段最短.【分析】过直线外一点作直线的垂线,这一点与垂足之间的线段就是垂线段,且垂线段最短.据此作答.【解答】解:根据是:直线外一点与直线上各点连接而得到的所有线段中,垂线段最短.故答案为:垂线段最短.12.如图,点D在AC上,点E在AB上,且BD⊥CE,垂足为点M.下列说法:①BM的长是点B到CE的距离;②CE的长是点C到AB的距离;③BD的长是点B到AC的距离;④CM的长是点C到BD的距离.其中正确的是①④(填序号).【考点】点到直线的距离.【分析】点到直线的距离:直线外一点到直线的垂线段的长度,叫做点到直线的距离.【解答】解:①如图,因为BD⊥CE,因此BM的长是点B到CE的距离,故①正确;②如图,因为CE与AB不垂直,因此CE的长不是点C到AB的距离.故②错误;③如图,因为BD与AC不垂直,因此BD的长不是点B到AC的距离.故③错误;④如图,因为BD⊥CE,因此CM的长是点C到BD的距离,故④正确;综上所述,正确的说法是①④.故答案为:①④.13.如图,B、A、E三点在同一直线上,请你添加一个条件,使AD∥BC.你所添加的条件是∠EAD=∠B或∠DAC=∠C或∠DAB+∠B=180°(不允许添加任何辅助线).【考点】平行线的判定.【分析】使AD∥BC判别两条直线平行的方法有:同位角相等,两直线平行;内错角相等,两直线平行;同旁内角互补,两直线平行.因而可以添加的条件是∠EAD=∠B或∠DAC=∠C 或∠DAB+∠B=180°.【解答】可以添加的条件是∠EAD=∠B,依据同位角相等,两直线平行;或∠DAC=∠C,依据内错角相等,两直线平行;或∠DAB+∠B=180°,依据同旁内角互补,两直线平行.故答案为:∠EAD=∠B或∠DAC=∠C或∠DAB+∠B=180°.14.比较大小:>﹣1,﹣<﹣.【考点】实数大小比较.【分析】根据实数大小比较法则比较即可.【解答】解:=(+1),∴>﹣1;>,∴﹣<﹣.15.的整数部分是 3 ,小数部分是﹣3 .【考点】估算无理数的大小.【分析】由于3<<4,由此可得的整数部分和小数部分.【解答】解:∵3<<4,∴的整数部分是3,小数部分是﹣3.故答案为3,﹣3.16.对于任意不相等的两个实数a、b,定义运算※如下:a※b=,如3※2=.那么8※12=﹣.【考点】算术平方根.【分析】根据所给的式子求出8※12的值即可.【解答】解:∵a※b=,∴8※12===﹣.故答案为:﹣.17.已知:表示a、b两个实数的点在数轴上的位置如图所示,化简|a﹣b|+= ﹣2b .【考点】二次根式的性质与化简;实数与数轴.【分析】直接利用二次根式的性质=|a|,再结合绝对值的性质分别化简,进而得出答案.【解答】解:由数轴可得:a﹣b>0,a+b<0,故|a﹣b|+=a﹣b﹣(a+b)=﹣2b.故答案为:﹣2b.三、解答题(共60分)18.仔细算一算,要细心哦:(1)﹣(2)+.【考点】二次根式的加减法.【分析】(1)利用算术平方根的定义计算即可;(2)先算开方,再算乘法,最后进行加法运算即可.【解答】解:(1)原式=﹣=﹣;(2)原式=×+×+=0.45.19.你能求出下列各式中的x吗?(1)x2﹣49=0(2)(5﹣3x)2=.【考点】平方根.【分析】(1)直接利用平方根的定义开平方求出答案;(2)直接利用平方根的定义开平方求出答案.【解答】解:(1)x2﹣49=0,解得:x=±7;(2)(5﹣3x)2=,则5﹣3x=±,解得:x=或x=.20.在四边形ABCD中,已知AB∥CD,∠B=60°,(1)求∠C的度数;(2)试问能否求得∠A的度数(只答“能”或“不能”)(3)若要证明AD∥BC,还需要补充一个条件,请你补充一个条件并加以证明.【考点】平行线的判定与性质.【分析】本题主要利用平行线的性质及判定进行做题.【解答】解:(1)∵AB∥CD,∠B=60°,∴∠C=180°﹣∠B=120°(两直线平行,同旁内角互补).(2)不能.(3)答案不唯一,如:补充∠A=120°,证明:∵∠B=60°,∠A=120°,∴∠A+∠B=180°,∴AD∥BC(同旁内角互补,两直线平行).21.如图,在方格纸中(小正方形的边长为1),△ABC的三个顶点均为格点,将△ABC沿x 轴向左平移5个单位长度,根据所给的直角坐标系(O是坐标原点),解答下列问题:①画出平移后的△A′B′C′.②直接写出点A′、B′、C′的坐标.【考点】作图-平移变换.【分析】①直接利用平移的性质得出对应点位置进而得出答案;②利用①中所画图形得出各点坐标.【解答】解:①如图所示:△A′B′C′即为所求;②由图可知,A′(﹣1,5)、B′(﹣4,0)、C′(﹣1,0).22.一个正数x的平方根是2a﹣4与6﹣a,求a和x的值.【考点】平方根.【分析】根据一个正数的平方根互为相反数可得出a的值,继而可得出x的值.【解答】解:由题意可得2a﹣4=﹣(6﹣a),解得a=﹣2,则x=(2a﹣4)2=(﹣8)2=64.23.如图所示,某地一条小河的两岸都是直的,为测定河两岸是否平行,小明和小亮分别在河的两岸拉紧了一根细绳,并分别测出∠1=70°,∠2=70°,测出这个结果后,他们的同学小华说河岸两边是平行的,这个说法对不对?为什么?【考点】平行线的判定.【分析】根据对顶角相等可得:∠2=∠3,再由条件∠1=∠2可得∠1=∠3,可根据同位角相等两直线平行AB∥CD.【解答】解:说法正确;理由:∵∠2=∠3,∠1=∠2,∴∠1=∠3,∴AB∥CD.24.如图,直线AB,CD分别与直线AC相交于点A,C,与直线BD相交于点B,D.若∠1=∠2,∠3=75°,求∠4的度数.【考点】平行线的判定与性质.【分析】根据平行线的判定得出AB∥CD,从而得出∠3=∠4,即可得出答案.【解答】解:∵∠1=∠2,∴AB∥CD(同位角相等,两直线平行),∴∠4=∠3=75°(两直线平行,内错角相等).25.依照下图,在下列给出的解答中,在括号内填空或填写适当的理由:(1)∵∠( 1 )=∠( 3 )(已知),∴AD∥BC (内错角相等,两直线平行);(2)∵∠( 2 )=∠( 4 )(已知),∴AB∥CD (内错角相等,两直线平行);(3)∵EF∥AD(已知)又∵AD∥BC(已证)∴EF ∥BC (平行于同一条直线的两条直线平行)【考点】平行线的判定与性质.【分析】分别根据平行线的性质及平行线的判定定理解答即可.【解答】解:(1)∵∠1=∠3(已知),∴AD∥BC(内错角相等,两直线平行);(2)∵∠2=∠4(已知),∴AB∥CD(内错角相等,两直线平行);(3)∵EF∥AD,(已知)又∵AD∥BC,(已证)∴EF∥BC.26.附加题:(1)如图①,EF∥BC,试说明∠B+∠C+∠BAC=180°.(2)如图②,AB∥CD,试说明∠A+∠B+∠ACB=180°.(3)由前两个问题,你总结出什么结论?【考点】平行线的性质.【分析】(1)根据平行线的性质解答即可;(2)根据平行线的性质解答即可;(3)得出三角形的内角和定理即可.【解答】解:(1)∵EF∥BC,∴∠B=∠EAB,∠C=∠FAC,∵∠EAB+∠FAC+BAC=180°,∴∠B+∠C+∠BAC=180°;(2)∵AB∥CD,∴∠A=∠ACD,∠B=∠DCE,∵∠ACD+∠DCE+∠ACB=180°,∴∠A+∠B+∠ACB=180°;(3)由以上问题可得:三角形的内角和是180°.。
人教版七年级(下)第一次月考地理试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、选择题1 . 如下图所示,“甲海峡”是重要通道,被称为“海上生命线”,它是()A.直布罗陀海峡B.曼德海峡C.马六甲海峡D.白令海峡读图,回答问题。
2 . 下列关于图1中气温曲线与降水量柱状图所对应的气候类型,正确的一组是A.①热带季风气候②热带沙漠气候③温带大陆性气候④寒带气候B.①热带沙漠气候②热带季风气候③温带大陆性气候④寒带气候C.①热带季风气候②热带沙漠气候③寒带气候④温带大陆性气候D.①热带沙漠气候②热带季风气候③寒带气候④温带大陆性气候3 . 形成亚洲气候复杂多样的原因有①纬度跨度大②经度跨度大,距海洋远近存在较大差异③亚欧大陆与太平洋、印度洋的海陆热力差异大④各地自然景观差异大⑤地形复杂A.①②③B.①②⑤C.①②③④⑤D.①②③⑤4 . 与图2中乙地的气候相符的气温曲线和降水量柱状图是图1中的A.①B.②C.③D.④5 . 图2中乙地人喜食咖喱,地道的咖喱是以丁香、小茴香子、芥末子、辣椒等多种香料调配而成,辣度强烈且香味浓郁。
咖喱成为当地最重要的调味料是因为A.当地全年高温多雨,盛产制作咖喱的原材料B.当地全年气候炎热,咖喱可以开胃促进食欲C.当地冬季寒冷,咖喱可以驱寒D.当地全年多雨,咖喱可以祛湿6 . 一艘从波斯湾到欧洲西部运送石油的船只经过地中海和大西洋之间的海峡是()A.白令海峡B.马六甲海峡C.苏伊士运河D.直布罗陀海峡7 . 据美国地质勘探局地震信息网消息,北京时间4月2日7时46分,智利伊基克西北海域发生8.1级地震。
美国太平洋海啸预警中心说,数据显示,海啸已经形成。
在地球仪上小明找到了地震发生地点的经纬度位置大致是(19.6°S,70.7°W),并作出了以下判断,其中正确的是()A.地震发生地点位于北半球,地处热带B.过该点的纬线自成一纬线圈,处于高纬度地带C.在太平洋东海岸,处于板块交界地带D.材料中涉及到的时间存在差异是因为地球公转造成的8 . 下列关于亚洲位置的叙述,正确的是()A.位于北半球、东半球B.被四大洋包围C.东北以白令海峡与北美洲为界D.西南以土耳其海峡与非洲为界妈妈准备 1 月带阳阳去马来西亚吉隆坡、利浪岛等地旅游。
七年级下学期第一次月考英语试卷第一卷(共60分)一、选择填空。
(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)1. Our teacher is ________a red sweater .He is working in his offfice.A. putting onB. put onC. wearingD. wear2. I have two pencils. One is green, and_ __is red.A. oneB. otherC. the otherD. others3. School begins __ _ the morning of Feberuary 18th.A. inB. onC. withD. about4. This is _______ backpack. _______ is over there.A. him; HersB. hers; HisC. my; HersD. our; Their5. They are looking forward to _______ the Great Wall.A. visitB. visitsC. visitedD. visiting6. People ______ English in Australia .A. speakB. tellC. sayD. talk7. There ____ __ a concert this afternoon at People Square.A. is going to beB. is going to haveC. is havingD. is will have8. It is late, ___ _ we are going to go home.A. butB. becauseC. soD. or9. ---Do you often play football with your friends?---No, I don’t like sports . I often play piano.A. a , theB. the , /C. / , theD. the , a10. Don't ______ me. I can do it well by myself.A. worryB. worry aboutC. be worriedD. worrying about11. What can you see in these pictures?A. otherB. any otherC.elseD.others12. It’s going to tomorrow.A. rainingB. rainyC. rainedD. rain13.---Would you like some apples?--- . I’d like to have oranges.A. Yes, pleaseB. No problemC. I’d love toD. No,thanks14. ---I’m sorry I always my book at home.---Please it to school next time.A. forget ; takeB. leave ; bringC. lose ; bringD. leave ; take15. of visitors come to the Great Wall every year.A. Five thousandB. Five thousandsC. ThousandD. Thousands二、完形填空。
河北省承德市滦平县第三中学2014-2015学年七年级语文下学期第一次月考试题注意事项:1. 本卷共8页,总分120分,考试时间120分钟第一部分(1~7题24分)1.下面词语中有两个错别字,请找出将改正后的字写入括号中(2分)偃旗息鼓姹紫烟红错落有制并行不悖()()2、下列加点字注音无误的一项是( 3分)()A. 潸然(shān)矜持(jīng)撑篙(hāo)瞭望(liào)B. 青睐(cài)充沛(pèi)灼伤(zhuó)徜徉(yáng)C. 着.陆(zhé)咽泣(yàn)冰碴(zhā)诧异(chà)D. 挟带(xié)花卉(huì)并蒂(dì)黄晕(yùn)3.在下面的横线上填写相应的句子。
(7分)(1)莫笑农家腊酒浑,。
(2),衣冠简朴古风存。
(3),归雁入胡天。
(4)红日初升,。
河出伏流,_______________。
(5)我歌唱那些属于未来的事物,__________________________________。
(6)最喜小儿无赖,______________________。
4.下列句子中加点的成语使用正确的一项是()(2分)A.广州恒大主场4:0柏太阳神杀进亚冠决赛,消息立刻被球迷传得满城风雨....。
B.提到盐城城区近几年来的变化,街道办的张大妈就夸夸其谈....,充满了自豪感。
C.钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿自古以来就是中国的领土,中方渔政执法船依法在本国管辖海域进行正常巡航,这是无可厚非....的。
D.由于环境受到了严重污染,这个曾经风光秀丽,游人如织的著名风景区,近年来,已经无人问津....。
5、指出下面没有语病的一句是( ) (3分)A为了防止类似事故不再发生,我们一定要加强管理,采取严密的防患措施。
B 突然,狂风和暴雨一齐倾泻下来。
C能否贯彻落实科学发展观,是构建和谐社会,促进经济可持续发展的重要保证D 要改革体育教学和学校体育工作,增强学校体育工作的生机活力和吸引力。
2015-2016学年某某省某某市南江县七年级(下)第一次月考数学试卷一.选择题1.下列说法中,正确的是()A.代数式是方程 B.方程是代数式 C.等式是方程D.方程是等式2.下列方程中是一元一次方程的是()A.2x=3y B.7x+5=6(x﹣1)C.D.3.二元一次方程3x+2y=15在自然数X围内的解的个数是()A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个4.已知方程组;则x﹣y的值是()A.1 B.﹣1 C.0 D.25.三个数的比是5:12:13,这三个数的和为180,则最大数比最小数大()A.48 B.42 C.36 D.306.如果a+1与互为相反数,那么a=()A.B.10 C.﹣ D.﹣107.当x=1时,代数式ax3+bx+1的值是2,则方程+=的解是()A.B.﹣ C.1 D.﹣18.一份数学试卷,只有25个选择题,做对一题得4分,做错一题倒扣1分,某同学做了全部试卷,得了70分,他一共做对了()A.17道B.18道C.19道D.20道9.某公路的干线上有相距108公里的A、B两个车站,某日16点整,甲、乙两车分别从A、B两站同时出发,相向而行,已知甲车的速度为45公里/时,乙车的速度为36公里/时,则两车相遇的时间是()A.16时20分B.17时20分C.17时40分D.16时40分10.右边给出的是2010年某月份的日历表,任意圈出一竖列上相邻的三个数,请你运用方程思想来研究,发现这三个数的和不可能是()A.69 B.42 C.27 D.41二.填空题11.如果x=2是方程x+a=﹣1的根,那么a的值是.12.已知a,b互为相反数,且ab≠0,则方程ax+b=0的解为.13.7与x的差比x的3倍小6的方程是.14.已知方程﹣(2﹣m)x|m|﹣1+4m=8是关于x的一元一次方程,那么x=.15.方程+=1与方程|x﹣1|=2的解一样,则m2﹣2m+1=.16.已知(x﹣y+9)2+|2x+y|=0,则x=,y=.17.在解方程﹣=2时,去分母得.18.某商品的进价是500元,标价为750元,商店要求以利润率不低于5%的售价打折出售,售货员最低可以打折出售此商品.19.首位数字是2的六位数,若把首位数字2移到末位,所得到的新的六位数恰好是原数的3倍,原来的六位数为.20.我市某县城为鼓励居民节约用水,对自来水用户按分段计费方式收取水费:若每月用水不超过7立方米,则按每立方米1元收费;若每月用水超过7立方米,则超过部分按每立方米2元收费.如果某居民户今年5月缴纳了17元水费,那么这户居民今年5月的用水量为立方米.三.解答题21.解下列方程.(1)﹣1=;(2)2(2x﹣1)=2(1+x)+3(x+3);(3)+=1;(4) [(x﹣2)﹣6]=﹣2;(5);(6).22.依据下列解方程x﹣=﹣的过程,补全解答步骤解:去分母,得6x﹣3(x﹣1)=4﹣2(x+2),()去括号,得,(括号前为负号,去括号时要变号)移项,得,()整理,得5x=﹣3,(合并同类项),得x=﹣.()23.列方程求解(1)m为何值时,关于x的一元一次方程4x﹣2m=3x﹣1的解是x=2x﹣3m的解的2倍.(2)已知|a﹣3|+(b+1)2=0,代数式的值比b﹣a+m多1,求m的值.四.列方程解应用题24.一件工作甲单干用20小时,乙单干用的时间比甲多4小时,丙单干用的时间是甲的还多2小时.若甲、乙合作先干10小时,丙再单干用几小时完成?25.用白铁皮做罐头盒,每X铁片可制盒身16个或制盒底43个,一个盒身与两个盒底配成一套罐头盒,现有150X白铁皮,用多少X制盒身,多少X制盒底,可以正好制成整套罐头盒?26.在一条直的河流中有甲、乙两条船,现同时由A地顺流而下.乙船到B地时接到通知需立即返回到C地执行任务,甲船继续顺流航行.已知甲、乙两船在静水中的速度都为每小时,水流速度为每小时,A、C两地间的距离为10km.如果乙船由A地经B地到达C共用了4h,问乙船从B地到达C 地时,甲船离B地多远?27.某种商品A的零售价为每件900元,为了适应市场竞争,商店按零售价的九折优惠后,再让利40元销售,仍可获利10%,①这种商品A的进价为多少元?②现有另一种商品B进价为600元,每件商品B也可获利10%.对商品A和B共进货100件,要使这100件商品共获纯利6670元,则需对商品A、B分别进货多少件?2015-2016学年某某省某某市南江县下两中学七年级(下)第一次月考数学试卷参考答案与试题解析一.选择题1.下列说法中,正确的是()A.代数式是方程 B.方程是代数式 C.等式是方程D.方程是等式【考点】方程的定义.【分析】含有未知数的等式叫方程,等式是用等号连接的,表示相等关系的式子,代数式一定不是等式,等式不一定含有未知数也不一定是方程.【解答】解:方程的定义是指含有未知数的等式,A、代数式不是等式,故不是方程;B、方程不是代数式,故B错误;C、等式不一定含有未知数,也不一定是方程;D、方程一定是等式,正确;故选D.【点评】本题主要考查方程的概念,含有未知数的等式叫方程,要熟练掌握方程的定义.2.下列方程中是一元一次方程的是()A.2x=3y B.7x+5=6(x﹣1)C.D.【考点】一元一次方程的定义.【分析】只含有一个未知数(元),并且未知数的指数是1次的方程叫做一元一次方程,它的一般形式是ax+b=0(a,b是常数且a≠0).【解答】解:A、含有两个未知数,是二元一次方程;B、符合定义,是一元一次方程;C、未知数最高次数是二次,是二次方程;D、未知数在分母上,不是整式方程.故选B.【点评】本题主要考查一元一次方程的定义,注意含有一个未知数并且未知数的最高次数是一次才是一元一次方程.3.二元一次方程3x+2y=15在自然数X围内的解的个数是()A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个【考点】二元一次方程的解.【专题】探究型.【分析】根据二元一次方程3x+2y=15,可知在自然数X围内的解有哪几组,从而可以解答本题.【解答】解:二元一次方程3x+2y=15在自然数X围内的解是:,即二元一次方程3x+2y=15在自然数X围内的解的个数是3个.故选C.【点评】本题考查二元一次方程的解,解题的关键是明确什么是自然数,可以根据题意找到二元一次方程3x+2y=15在自然数X围内的解有哪几组.4.已知方程组;则x﹣y的值是()A.1 B.﹣1 C.0 D.2【考点】解二元一次方程组.【专题】整体思想.【分析】先解方程组,求出x、y的值,也就可求出x﹣y的值;或观察两个方程,直接运用减法整体求得x﹣y的值.【解答】解:方法一:(1)×2﹣(2)得:5x=4x=代入(1)得:4×+y=3,y=﹣,x﹣y=+=1.方法二:两个方程相减,得x﹣y=1.故选A.【点评】这类题目的解题关键是掌握方程组解法中的加减消元法和代入消元法,同时注意整体思想的渗透.5.三个数的比是5:12:13,这三个数的和为180,则最大数比最小数大()A.48 B.42 C.36 D.30【考点】一元一次方程的应用.【专题】数字问题.【分析】此题可设每一份为x,则三个数分别表示为5x、12x、13x,根据三个数的和为180,列方程求解即可.【解答】解:设每一份为x,则三个数分别表示为5x、12x、13x,依题意得:5x+12x+13x=180,解得x=6则5x=30,13x=78,78﹣30=48故选A.【点评】在出现涉及几个量的比的时候,一般设一份为x较好.在表示其它量的时候避免出现分数.6.如果a+1与互为相反数,那么a=()A.B.10 C.﹣ D.﹣10【考点】解一元一次方程.【专题】计算题.【分析】互为相反数的两个数之和为0,所以(a+1)+()=0.这是一个带分母的方程,所以要先去括号,再去分母,最后移项,化系数为1,从而得到方程的解.【解答】解:由题意得:( a+1)+()=0去分母,得a+3+2a﹣7=0,移项,合并得3a=4,方程两边都除以3,得a=.故选A.【点评】去分母时,方程两端同乘各分母的最小公倍数时,不要漏乘没有分母的项,同时要把分子(如果是一个多项式)作为一个整体加上括号.7.当x=1时,代数式ax3+bx+1的值是2,则方程+=的解是()A.B.﹣ C.1 D.﹣1【考点】解一元一次方程;代数式求值.【专题】计算题;一次方程(组)及应用.【分析】把x=1代入代数式,使其值为2,求出a+b的值,方程变形后代入计算即可求出解.【解答】解:把x=1代入得:a+b+1=2,即a+b=1,方程去分母得:2ax+2+2bx﹣3=x,整理得:(2a+2b﹣1)x=1,即[2(a+b)﹣1]x=1,把a+b=1代入得:x=1,故选C.【点评】此题考查了解一元一次方程,以及代数式求值,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.8.一份数学试卷,只有25个选择题,做对一题得4分,做错一题倒扣1分,某同学做了全部试卷,得了70分,他一共做对了()A.17道B.18道C.19道D.20道【考点】一元一次方程的应用.【专题】数字问题.【分析】设某同学做对了x道题,那么他做错了25﹣x道题,他的得分应该是4x﹣(25﹣x)×1,据此可列出方程.【解答】方法一:解:设该同学做对了x题,根据题意列方程得:4x﹣(25﹣x)×1=70,解得x=19.方法二:解:由题意可知,做错一道题实际扣除5分,某同学得了70分,则其扣了100﹣70=30分,∴某同学共做错了30÷5=6道,∴某同学共做对了25﹣6=19道,故选C.【点评】根据题目给出的条件,找出合适的等量关系,列出方程,再求解.9.某公路的干线上有相距108公里的A、B两个车站,某日16点整,甲、乙两车分别从A、B两站同时出发,相向而行,已知甲车的速度为45公里/时,乙车的速度为36公里/时,则两车相遇的时间是()A.16时20分B.17时20分C.17时40分D.16时40分【考点】一元一次方程的应用.【分析】在相遇问题中,常用的相等关系为:两车所走的路程和=两个站之间的总路程,即S甲+S乙=S AB.先利用相等关系求出相遇所用的时间,再换算成时间即可.【解答】解:设两车相遇需要x小时,根据题意,得:45x+36x=108,解得:x=1,所以两车相遇的时间是16+1=17,即17点20分,故选:B.【点评】本题考查一元一次方程的应用,解题关键是要读懂题目的意思,根据题目给出的条件,找出合适的数量关系,列出方程,再求解.此题要熟悉行程问题中的相遇问题的相等关系,并能熟练运用.相遇问题中,常用的相等关系为:两车所走的路程和=两个站之间的总路程.10.右边给出的是2010年某月份的日历表,任意圈出一竖列上相邻的三个数,请你运用方程思想来研究,发现这三个数的和不可能是()A.69 B.42 C.27 D.41【考点】一元一次方程的应用.【分析】一竖列上相邻的三个数的关系是:上面的数总是比下面的数小7.可设中间的数是x,则上面的数是x﹣7,下面的数是x+7.则这三个数的和是3x,因而这三个数的和一定是3的倍数.【解答】解:设中间的数是x,则上面的数是x﹣7,下面的数是x+7.则这三个数的和是(x﹣7)+x+(x+7)=3x,因而这三个数的和一定是3的倍数.则,这三个数的和不可能是41.故选:D.【点评】此题考查了一元一次方程的应用;解决的关键是观察图形找出数之间的关系,从而找到三个数的和的特点.二.填空题11.如果x=2是方程x+a=﹣1的根,那么a的值是﹣2 .【考点】一元一次方程的解.【专题】计算题.【分析】虽然是关于x的方程,但是含有两个未知数,其实质是知道一个未知数的值求另一个未知数的值.【解答】解:把x=2代入x+a=﹣1中:得:×2+a=﹣1,解得:a=﹣2.故填:﹣2.【点评】本题含有一个未知的系数.根据已知条件求未知系数的方法叫待定系数法,在以后的学习中,常用此法求函数解析式.12.已知a,b互为相反数,且ab≠0,则方程ax+b=0的解为x=1 .【考点】方程的解.【专题】计算题.【分析】根据互为相反数(非0)两数之商为﹣1,即可求出方程的解.【解答】解:∵a,b互为相反数,且ab≠0,∴ =﹣1,方程ax+b=0,解得:x=﹣=1.故答案为:x=1.【点评】此题考查了方程的解,方程的解即为能使方程左右两边相等的未知数的值.13.7与x的差比x的3倍小6的方程是3x﹣(7﹣x)=6 .【考点】由实际问题抽象出一元一次方程.【分析】关系式为:x的3倍﹣7与x的差=6,把相关数值代入即可.【解答】解:根据题意,得:3x﹣(7﹣x)=6,故答案为:3x﹣(7﹣x)=6.【点评】此题考查列一元一次方程,得到相应倍数之间的关系式是解决本题的关键.14.已知方程﹣(2﹣m)x|m|﹣1+4m=8是关于x的一元一次方程,那么x= ﹣4 .【考点】一元一次方程的定义.【分析】根据一元一次方程的定义列出方程,解方程求出m的值,得到方程,解方程即可.【解答】解:由题意得,|m|﹣1=1,2﹣m≠0,解得,m=﹣2,则方程为:﹣4x﹣8=8,解得,x=﹣4,故答案为:﹣4.【点评】本题考查了一元一次方程的概念,只含有一个未知数(元),且未知数的次数是1,这样的方程叫一元一次方程,ax+b=0(其中x是未知数,a、b是已知数,并且a≠0)叫一元一次方程的标准形式.15.方程+=1与方程|x﹣1|=2的解一样,则m2﹣2m+1= 16或4 .【考点】一元一次方程的解.【分析】首先解出方程|x﹣1|=2的解,然后把方程的解代入方程+=1求出m,即可求出代数式的值.【解答】解:解方程|x﹣1|=2 得:x﹣1=±2,解得:x=3或﹣1,把x=3代入方程+=1,解得:m=﹣3,m2﹣2m+1=(m﹣1)2=16;把x=﹣1代入方程+=1,解得:m=3,m2﹣2m+1=(m﹣1)2=4故答案为:16或4.【点评】本题考查了同解方程的知识,解答本题的关键是理解方程解得定义.16.已知(x﹣y+9)2+|2x+y|=0,则x= ﹣3 ,y= 6 .【考点】解二元一次方程组;非负数的性质:绝对值;非负数的性质:偶次方.【专题】计算题.【分析】利用非负数的性质列出关于x与y的方程组,求出方程组的解即可得到x与y的值.【解答】解:∵(x﹣y+9)2+|2x+y|=0,∴,解得:x=﹣3,y=6,故答案为:﹣3;6【点评】此题考查了解二元一次方程组,利用了消元的思想,消元的方法有:代入消元法与加减消元法.17.在解方程﹣=2时,去分母得3(x+1)﹣2(2x﹣3)=24 .【考点】解一元一次方程.【分析】方程两边都乘以分母的最小公倍数12即可.【解答】解:方程两边都乘以12,去分母得,3(x+1)﹣2(2x﹣3)=24.故答案为:3(x+1)﹣2(2x﹣3)=24.【点评】本题主要考查了解一元一次方程,注意在去分母时,方程两端同乘各分母的最小公倍数时,不要漏乘没有分母的项,同时要把分子(如果是一个多项式)作为一个整体加上括号.18.某商品的进价是500元,标价为750元,商店要求以利润率不低于5%的售价打折出售,售货员最低可以打7 折出售此商品.【考点】一元一次不等式的应用.【分析】根据题意列出不等式求解即可.不等式为750•﹣500≥500×5%.【解答】解:设售货员可以打x折出售此商品,则得到750•﹣500≥500×5%,解得x≥7.即最低可以打7折.【点评】本题考查一元一次不等式的应用,将现实生活中的事件与数学思想联系起来,读懂题列出不等式关系式即可求解.19.首位数字是2的六位数,若把首位数字2移到末位,所得到的新的六位数恰好是原数的3倍,原来的六位数为285714 .【考点】一元一次方程的应用.【分析】为解答方便,可设中间的五位数是x,那么根据“六位数左端的数字是2,”可表示这个六位数是:200000+x;根据“把左端的数字2移到右端,”可表示这个新六位数是:10x+2;再根据“新数=原数×3”可列方程解答即可.【解答】解:设中间的五位数是x10x+2=(200000+x)×37x=599998x=85714,所以原数是:285714,故答案为:285714【点评】此题考查一元一次方程的应用,本题要以中间不变的五位数为解答的突破口,准确表示原来和现在的六位数是解答的关键.20.我市某县城为鼓励居民节约用水,对自来水用户按分段计费方式收取水费:若每月用水不超过7立方米,则按每立方米1元收费;若每月用水超过7立方米,则超过部分按每立方米2元收费.如果某居民户今年5月缴纳了17元水费,那么这户居民今年5月的用水量为12 立方米.【考点】一元一次方程的应用.【专题】应用题;经济问题;压轴题.【分析】某居民缴了17元水费,可知他用水超过了7立方米,要按两种收费方法进行计算.就要先设出未知数,然后根据题中的等量关系列方程求解.即两种收费和=17.【解答】解:设这户居民5月的用水量为x立方米.列方程为:7×1+(x﹣7)×2=17解得x=12.故填:12.【点评】此题的关键是学生要明确按两种方法收费,而且要明白超过7立方的就是x﹣7这一关键点.三.解答题21.解下列方程.(1)﹣1=;(2)2(2x﹣1)=2(1+x)+3(x+3);(3)+=1;(4) [(x﹣2)﹣6]=﹣2;(5);(6).【考点】解二元一次方程组;解一元一次方程.【专题】计算题;一次方程(组)及应用.【分析】(1)方程去分母,去括号,移项合并,把x系数化为1,即可求出解;(2)方程去括号,移项合并,把x系数化为1,即可求出解;(3)方程整理后,去分母,去括号,移项合并,把x系数化为1,即可求出解;(4)方程去括号,移项合并,把x系数化为1,即可求出解;(5)方程组整理后,利用加减消元法求出解即可;(6)方程组利用加减消元法求出解即可.【解答】解:(1)去分母得:6x+3﹣12=10x+1,移项合并得:4x=﹣10,解得:x=﹣2.5;(2)去括号得:4x﹣2=2+2x+3x+9,移项合并得:x=﹣13;(3)方程整理得: +=1,去分母得:4x﹣80+90﹣21x=12,移项合并得:﹣17x=2,解得:x=﹣;(4)去括号得: x﹣4﹣8=﹣2,移项合并得: x=10,解得:x=25;(5)方程组整理得:,①+②得:﹣4b=4,即b=﹣1,把b=﹣1代入②得:a=5,则方程组的解为;(6),①+②得:9x=18,即x=2,把x=2代入①得:y=,则方程组的解为.【点评】此题考查了解二元一次方程组,利用了消元的思想,消元的方法有:代入消元法与加减消元法.22.依据下列解方程x﹣=﹣的过程,补全解答步骤解:去分母,得6x﹣3(x﹣1)=4﹣2(x+2),(两边乘以6 )去括号,得6x﹣3x+3=4﹣2x﹣4 ,(括号前为负号,去括号时要变号)移项,得5x=﹣3 ,(合并同类项)整理,得5x=﹣3,(合并同类项)系数化为1 ,得x=﹣.(两边除以5 )【考点】解一元一次方程.【专题】计算题;一次方程(组)及应用.【分析】根据一元一次方程的解题步骤判断即可.【解答】解:去分母,得6x﹣3(x﹣1)=4﹣2(x+2),(两边乘以6)去括号,得6x﹣3x+3=4﹣2x﹣4,(括号前为负号,去括号时要变号)移项,得6x﹣3x+2x=4﹣4﹣3,(移项要变号)整理,得5x=﹣3,(合并同类项)系数化为1,得x=﹣.(两边除以5),故答案为:两边乘以6;6x﹣3x+3=4﹣2x﹣4;移项要变号;5x=﹣3;系数化为1;两边除以5 【点评】此题考查了解一元一次方程,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.23.列方程求解(1)m为何值时,关于x的一元一次方程4x﹣2m=3x﹣1的解是x=2x﹣3m的解的2倍.(2)已知|a﹣3|+(b+1)2=0,代数式的值比b﹣a+m多1,求m的值.【考点】解一元一次方程;非负数的性质:绝对值;非负数的性质:偶次方.【专题】计算题;一次方程(组)及应用.【分析】(1)分别表示出两方程的解,根据解的关系确定出m的值即可;(2)根据题意列出方程,利用非负数的性质求出a与b的值,代入计算即可求出m的值.【解答】解:(1)方程4x﹣2m=3x﹣1,解得:x=2m﹣1,方程x=2x﹣3m,解得:x=3m,由题意得:2m﹣1=6m,解得:m=﹣;(2)由|a﹣3|+(b+1)2=0,得到a=3,b=﹣1,代入方程﹣(b﹣a+m)=1,得:﹣(﹣﹣3+m)=1,整理得: ++3﹣m=1,去分母得:m﹣5+1+6﹣2m=2,解得:m=0.【点评】此题考查了解一元一次方程,以及非负数的性质,熟练掌握运算法则是解本题的关键.四.列方程解应用题24.一件工作甲单干用20小时,乙单干用的时间比甲多4小时,丙单干用的时间是甲的还多2小时.若甲、乙合作先干10小时,丙再单干用几小时完成?【考点】一元一次方程的应用.【分析】设丙再用x小时完成,根据题意列出方程,求出方程的解即可得到结果.【解答】设丙单独再用x小时完成,根据题意得:10(+)+x=1,解得:x=1,答:丙单独再用1小时完成.【点评】此题考查了一元一次方程的应用,熟练掌握“工作效率=工作总量÷工作时间”是解本题的关键.25.用白铁皮做罐头盒,每X铁片可制盒身16个或制盒底43个,一个盒身与两个盒底配成一套罐头盒,现有150X白铁皮,用多少X制盒身,多少X制盒底,可以正好制成整套罐头盒?【考点】一元一次方程的应用.【专题】应用题.【分析】设xX制盒身,则可用(150﹣x)X制盒底,那么盒身有16x个,盒底有43(150﹣x)个,然后根据一个盒身与两个盒底配成一套罐头盒就可以列出方程,解方程就可以解决问题.【解答】解:设xX制盒身,则可用(150﹣x)X制盒底,列方程得:2×16x=43(150﹣x),解方程得:x=86.答:用86X制盒身,64X制盒底,可以正好制成整套罐头盒.【点评】解题关键是要读懂题目的意思,根据题目给出的条件,找出合适的等量关系,列出方程组,再求解.26.在一条直的河流中有甲、乙两条船,现同时由A地顺流而下.乙船到B地时接到通知需立即返回到C地执行任务,甲船继续顺流航行.已知甲、乙两船在静水中的速度都为每小时,水流速度为每小时,A、C两地间的距离为10km.如果乙船由A地经B地到达C共用了4h,问乙船从B地到达C 地时,甲船离B地多远?【考点】一元一次方程的应用.+2.5)xkm,分当C地在A、B两地之间和C地在B、A的延长线上两种情况得到两个不同的答案.+2.5)xkm,+2.5)×(4﹣x)﹣(7.5﹣2.5)x=10解得:x=2∴+2.5)x=10×2=20(km)(2)当C地在B、A的延长线上时,+2.5)=10解得:x=,∴+2.5)x=km.答:乙船由B地到C地时,甲船驶离B地20km或km.【点评】本题考查了一元一次方程的应用,解题的关键是分两种情况讨论,同时这也是一个易错点.27.某种商品A的零售价为每件900元,为了适应市场竞争,商店按零售价的九折优惠后,再让利40元销售,仍可获利10%,①这种商品A的进价为多少元?②现有另一种商品B进价为600元,每件商品B也可获利10%.对商品A和B共进货100件,要使这100件商品共获纯利6670元,则需对商品A、B分别进货多少件?【考点】二元一次方程组的应用.【分析】①首先设进价为每件a元,根据题意可得等量关系:(1+利润率)×进价=原售价×打折﹣让利,代入相应数值列出方程,解方程即可;②设需对商品A进货x件,需对商品B进货y件,根据“商品A和B共进货100件、这100件商品共获纯利6670元”列方程组求解可得.【解答】解:①设这种商品A的进价为每件a元,由题意得:(1+10%)a=900×90%﹣40,解得:a=700,答:这种商品A的进价为700元;②设需对商品A进货x件,需对商品B进货y件,根据题意,得:,解得:,答:需对商品A进货67件,需对商品B进货33件.【点评】本题主要考查一元一次方程和二元一次方程组的实际应用,理解题意抓准相等关系并列出方程是解题的关键.。
人教版七年级下册英语第一次月考大综合作文全文共6篇示例,供读者参考篇1My Amazing Summer VacationHi everyone! My name is Jenny, and I want to share with you all about my amazing summer vacation. It was the most incredible and fun-filled holiday I've ever had!First of all, my family and I went to the beach. The sun was shining brightly, and the sand felt warm beneath my feet. We built sandcastles, played beach volleyball, and splashed in the refreshing waves. I even learned how to surf! It was so thrilling to ride the waves and feel the wind in my hair. I laughed and giggled as I tried to balance on the surfboard. It was definitely a memory I will cherish forever.After the beach, we visited a magical amusement park. It was like stepping into a dreamland! There were roller coasters that twisted and turned, making my heart race with excitement. We went on the Ferris wheel and could see the whole park from up high. The carousel was my favorite; I rode on a beautiful horse that went up and down as the music played. We also enjoyeddelicious cotton candy and ice cream. I felt like I was in a fairytale!Next, we went camping in the mountains. We set up a cozy tent surrounded by tall trees and sparkling streams. The air was so fresh and clean. We went hiking and explored the wonders of nature. I saw colorful birds and spotted squirrels running from tree to tree. At night, we sat around the campfire, roasting marshmallows and telling stories. It was a little bit scary, but also so much fun. I loved sleeping under the stars, feeling the cool breeze on my face.During my vacation, I also had the chance to visit a farm. I met friendly cows, sheep, and chickens. I even got to milk a cow and collect eggs from the chicken coop. It was such a unique experience! The farmer taught me how to take care of the animals and showed me how plants grow in the vegetable garden. I learned so much about where our food comes from and the importance of farming. It made me appreciate nature even more.Lastly, we went to a water park. There were thrilling water slides, lazy rivers, and huge pools. I slid down the slides with excitement, feeling the rush of water against my skin. We played water basketball and had water fights. It was the perfect way tocool down on a hot summer day. I couldn't stop smiling and laughing throughout the day.In conclusion, my summer vacation was absolutely amazing!I had a blast at the beach, enjoyed the amusement park, experienced the wonders of nature while camping, learned about farming, and had a splashing time at the water park. It was a vacation filled with laughter, joy, and unforgettable memories. I can't wait for my next adventure!That's all for now. Thank you for reading about my incredible summer vacation! I hope you enjoyed it as much as I did.篇2My First Monthly Exam in Grade 7Wow, I can't believe I've already reached the seventh grade! Time really flies, doesn't it? It feels like just yesterday I was a tiny little kid, running around the playground and dreaming about what it would be like to be a "big kid" in middle school. And now, here I am, facing my first major exam of the year – the first monthly exam of the second semester in Grade 7.To be honest, I'm a little nervous. I've always been a decent student, but the jump from elementary to middle school hasbeen a bit of a challenge. The coursework is a lot more intense, and the teachers expect a lot more from us. I've had to really step up my game when it comes to studying and time management.But you know what? I'm actually kind of excited, too. This exam is a chance for me to show off everything I've learned so far this year. And let me tell you, I've learned a lot! From grammar rules and vocabulary words to reading comprehension strategies and writing techniques, my brain has been working overtime trying to absorb all this new information.Speaking of writing, that's probably the subject I'm most nervous about for this exam. We've been working on all sorts of different writing styles – narratives, persuasive essays, research papers, you name it. And let me tell you, trying to organize your thoughts and express yourself clearly in a foreign language is no easy feat!But you know what they say – practice makes perfect. And boy, have I been practicing! I've written so many drafts and outlines that I've lost count. My poor English teacher must be tired of reading my essays by now. But I know that all that hard work is going to pay off when it comes time for the exam.But you know what? I'm feeling pretty confident. Sure, there's a lot of material to cover, and the exam is going to betough. But I've been working hard all year, and I know that if I just stay focused and do my best, I'll be just fine.Plus, I've got a secret weapon – my amazing classmates and teachers. We've all been supporting each other and working together to get through this challenging year. Whether it's forming study groups, quizzing each other on vocab words, or just offering a friendly ear to vent our frustrations, we've got each other's backs.And my teachers have been incredible, too. They've been so patient and supportive, always willing to go the extra mile to make sure we understand the material. I know they want us to succeed just as much as we do.So, as I sit here writing this essay just a few days before the big exam, I can't help but feel a sense of pride and accomplishment. No matter what happens on that test, I know that I've given it my all. And that's really all anyone can ask for, right?Who knows, maybe one day I'll look back on this exam and laugh at how nervous I was. Or maybe it'll be a pivotal moment that helped shape my academic journey. Only time will tell.But for now, all I can do is take a deep breath, sharpen my pencils, and get ready to show the world what I'm made of. Wish me luck, everyone! I've got this.篇3My Amazing Adventure at the ZooHi everyone! Today, I want to tell you about my incredible adventure at the zoo. It was the best day ever! Let me share all the fun things I did and the animals I saw.First, my class and I went on a school trip to the zoo. We all wore our matching t-shirts and carried our backpacks filled with snacks and water. As soon as we arrived, I could hear the excited chatter of all my friends.We started by exploring the reptile house. I saw snakes, lizards, and even a huge crocodile! It was a little scary, but also cool to see them up close. I learned that reptiles arecold-blooded and have scales on their skin. I felt like a real explorer!Next, we visited the monkey enclosure. The monkeys were so funny! They swung from tree to tree and made silly faces at us. One monkey even grabbed my friend's hat and tried to wear it!We all laughed so hard. Monkeys are really clever and mischievous.After that, we saw the big cats. There were lions, tigers, and cheetahs. They were so majestic and powerful. I was amazed by their beautiful coats and their loud roars. I pretended to be a lion and roared along with them. It was so much fun!In the afternoon, we watched a seal show. The seals were incredibly talented. They could balance balls on their noses and clap their flippers. I wished I could be a seal and do amazing tricks like them. They looked like they were having so much fun in the water.One of the highlights of the day was the giraffe feeding. We got to feed the giraffes carrots. Their tongues were really long and tickled our hands. It was a bit scary at first, but once I got used to it, I loved it! Giraffes are such gentle giants.As the day came to an end, we visited the penguin exhibit. Penguins are my favorite animals. They waddled around and dived into the water, making big splashes. I wished I could swim like them. They looked so happy and playful.I had a fantastic time at the zoo. I learned so many interesting facts about animals, and I got to see them up close. Itmade me appreciate how diverse and amazing our world is. I can't wait to go back to the zoo again and have another adventure.Now, it's time for me to rest and dream about all the incredible animals I saw. I hope you enjoyed hearing about my zoo adventure. Remember, exploring nature and learning about different animals is not only fun but also important. Bye for now!Word Count: 343 words篇4My First Monthly Exam – A Big ChallengeExams have always been a bit scary for me. The thought of having to show what I've learned over the past few weeks gives me butterflies in my stomach. But the first monthly exam of 7th grade felt like an even bigger deal than usual. It was going to cover so many different topics and skills from our English textbook that I knew I had to prepare really well.To get ready, I made a study plan with my mom's help. We went through the units we had covered so far and made a list of the grammar points, vocabulary, reading skills, and writing skills I needed to review. Seeing everything written out like that wasintimidating at first! So much to remember and be able to use correctly. But breaking it down into smaller tasks made it feel more manageable.The first area I focused on was vocabulary. We had learned a ton of new words related to topics like sports, health, technology, and the environment. My mom quizzed me with flashcards, and I made sure I knew how to spell, define, and use each word in a sentence correctly. Some of the trickier words I wrote over and over to help me remember them.Next up was grammar. Ugh, I found some of those grammar rules so confusing at first! Things like the present perfect tense, relative clauses, and conditionals made my head spin. But my teacher's clear explanations, doing lots of practice exercises, and using funny examples helped the concepts finally click. Looking back at my grammar worksheets with my mom was really helpful for identifying which areas I was still shaky on so I could review them more.The reading comprehension sections always make me a bit nervous too. Having to read longer passages and answer detailed questions tests my English skills in a different way than just memorizing vocabulary and grammar rules. My strategy was to re-read one of the passages from our textbook every night,making sure I fully understood the main idea, key details, and could infer the meaning of any unfamiliar words from context. I also practiced finding evidence in the text to support answers to comprehension questions.Finally, there was the writing portion of the exam. We had covered different types of writing like emails, stories, and opinion pieces. I knew I needed to have good examples and be able to explain the structure, purpose, and language used for each type. Practicing writing complete pieces following the models in our textbook helped me get comfortable with the different formats and techniques. My mom's feedback also helped me identify areas to improve like using more vivid descriptions or incorporating transition words more smoothly.As the exam day got closer, I could feel the butterflies multiplying in my tummy. I tried my best to stay calm and confident by reviewing a little bit each evening and getting enough rest and healthy food. My parents kept encouraging me and saying they were proud of how hard I had worked no matter what the results were. That helped put things in perspective.The big day finally arrived. I triple-checked that I had all my pencils, erasers, and other supplies ready to go. Taking some deep breaths, I headed into the exam feeling as prepared as Icould be. The time seemed to fly by as I diligently worked through each section. There were definitely some questions that stumped me at first, but I did my best to eliminate wrong answers and make educated guesses.When I finally turned in my exam after what felt like an eternity, I had a huge sense of relief and accomplishment. No matter how I scored, I knew I had prepared well and tried my absolute hardest. That meant a lot.Waiting for the exam results was torturous! Every ring of the school bell made me jump, wondering if that meant the scores were about to be posted or handed back. I could hardly believe it when my teacher finally passed out the exam booklets with our scores written on top.I peeked at the mark on mine and felt a huge wave of joy – I had passed with a really good score! All that hard work studying had paid off. My parents were even more excited than me when I showed them. We all went out for a celebratory dinner that night to recognize this important milestone.Looking back on that first big 7th grade exam, I realized how much I had grown in my English abilities. Reviewing and practicing those skills over and over had made them stick in away they just don't when you learn them once and move on. I felt much more confident in my English overall.While part of me still dreaded having to take more big exams in the future, I also knew I could handle it. I had developed strategies for how to prepare systematically and manage my nerves. Most importantly, I gained belief in myself that hard work and perseverance can lead to great results.That first monthly comprehensive English exam of 7th grade may have seemed incredibly daunting at first. But overcoming that challenge and doing well gave me such a sense of pride and confidence to keep building my language skills. I know there will be many more academic challenges ahead, but experiences like that have helped me develop the study habits and mindset to approach them in a calm, focused way. Bring it on!篇5My First Semester of Middle School EnglishWow, I can't believe the first semester of 7th grade is already over! It feels like just yesterday I was a little 6th grader, walking through the gates of my middle school for the very first time. I was so nervous and intimidated by all the big kids. But now, I'mone of the big kids myself! Well, kind of. I may be in middle school now, but I still feel like a little kid a lot of the time.My English class this semester was really challenging, but also really fun. I have to admit, when I first saw our massive new English textbook, I wanted to cry. It was so huge and thick! How was I supposed to learn all of that? But my teacher, Ms. Roberts, is amazing. She made learning English feel like an adventure.On the first day, she had us go around the room and introduce ourselves in English. I was terrified to speak in front of everyone, but Ms. Roberts gave me an encouraging smile that helped calm my nerves. After that first day, she had us practice simple conversations regularly. Before I knew it, I could greet people, talk about my family, describe my appearance, and more!The grammar lessons were really hard at first. Remembering všhákt forms of "to be" to use, when to use "am/is/are", memorizing vocabulary words每it was a lot. But Ms. Roberts gave us fun tricks to practice, like singing goofy grammar songs and playing conversation games.My favorite part of English class was when we started reading stories and books. We read all kinds of fun tales like Rapunzel, The Magic Tree House series, and more. Ms. Robertshad us act out scenes from the books and really brought the stories to life. I loved using my imagination and getting into character. Reading the stories made learning new vocabulary way more interesting.Writing was probably my biggest challenge. Putting sentences together correctly, organizing paragraphs, using proper punctuation每it was tough. Thankfully, Ms. Roberts broke everything down step-by-step. We started out writing very simple paragraphs about our daily routines and favorite foods. Eventually, we worked our way up to longer entries about our dreams and ambitions.I'll never forget the big project we did on different cultures and countries around the world. Each student had to pick a different country, research its geography, customs, foods and more, and then present in front of the class. I chose Australia because I've always wanted to see the Sydney Opera House and Great Barrier Reef. Preparing my poster and speech took forever, but it helped me learn so much!My favorite lesson was when we spent a whole week learning about American culture, holidays and traditions. We played awesome games like "Trick or Treat" for Halloween, had a Thanksgiving "feast" with paper turkeys, and made homemadeChristmas cards for a senior center. I loved experiencing those fun holidays first-hand.This semester's final exam is a huge comprehensive test covering everything we've learned so far. That's why I've been working so hard to prepare and review all my lessons from the entire semester. I've reread all my notes, quizzed myself on vocabulary, even recited grammar rules in the shower. I'm feeling pretty confident, but I'll definitely still be nervous when test day comes!Looking back, this first semester of middle school English has been an incredible experience. While it was difficult and stressful at times, I can feel how much my English skills have grown already. I went from struggling with basic conversations to reading stories, giving presentations, and writing essays! I'm so proud of myself.Best of all, I know this is just the beginning. There is still so much more for me to learn about English. I can't wait to continue my journey next semester! Who knows, maybe after a few more years I'll be speaking, writing and reading English like a pro. For now, I'll just take it one lesson at a time. Baby steps.I better run for now - I need to get some rest before my big final exam tomorrow. Wish me luck! I'm going to need it if I wantto start next semester off on the right foot. No matter what, I'll keep studying hard every day. That's my goal - to never stop learning and growing. The more I learn, the more the world opens up to me. What an amazing adventure English class has been so far!篇6My Wonderful Day at the ZooHi everyone! Today I want to tell you about my amazing day at the zoo. It was so much fun! Let me share all the exciting things I saw and did.As soon as we arrived at the zoo, I felt so excited. There were many animals waiting to greet us. First, we went to the lion's area. The lions were majestic and powerful. I could hear them roaring from far away. It was a bit scary, but also very cool to see them up close.Next, we went to see the monkeys. They were swinging from branch to branch and making funny faces at us. I couldn't stop laughing! Some of them were even eating bananas, just like in the cartoons.After that, we visited the giraffes. They were so tall! I couldn't believe it. I learned that they have long necks so they can reach the leaves on the trees. It was fascinating to watch them walk elegantly.One of my favorite parts of the zoo was the penguin exhibit. Penguins are my absolute favorite animals. They waddled around and swam in the water. It was adorable! I wish I could have taken one home with me.We also saw elephants, zebras, and even a rhinoceros. The zookeeper taught us many interesting facts about each animal. Did you know that elephants are the biggest land mammals? They are so gentle and smart.Apart from seeing the animals, there were also some fun activities at the zoo. We went on a train ride that took us around the entire zoo. It was like going on an adventure! We also had a picnic near the lake and fed the ducks. They were so cute and came right up to us.Before we left, we visited the gift shop. There were so many toys and souvenirs to choose from. I bought a small stuffed lion to remember my special day at the zoo.I had such a great time at the zoo. It was a fantastic experience and I can't wait to go back again. I learned so much about different animals and had a lot of fun. If you haven't been to the zoo, I highly recommend you go. It's like entering a whole new world filled with amazing creatures.That's all for now. I hope you enjoyed hearing about my zoo adventure. Have a wonderful day, everyone!Total words: 267。
某某省澧县X公庙中学2015-2016学年人教版七年级地理下册第一次月考试卷一.选择题(共24小题)1.(2015•某某)关于亚洲叙述错误的是()A.地势中部低四周高B.河流呈放射状流入周围海洋C.世界上面积最大的洲D.气候复杂多样,季风气候显著2.(2015•某某)被称为“世界雨极”的是()A.乞拉朋齐 B.阿塔卡马沙漠C.塔克拉玛干沙漠D.火烧寮3.(2015•某某)根据如图分析,下列说法正确的是()A.亚洲的东部和西部均分布有季风气候B.亚洲分布X围最广的是地中海气候C.亚洲具有世界上所有的气候类型D.亚洲气候具有复杂多样,大陆性气候分布广和季风气候显著的特点4.亚洲的地势及河流特点是()A.南高北低,导致大部分河流注入北冰洋B.中间高,四周低,河流呈放射状C.四周高,中间低,河流呈向心状D.西高东低,呈阶梯状分布5.亚洲的地形以()为主.A.平原和山地B.高原和丘陵C.高原和山地D.山地和丘陵6.读“亚欧大陆图”,判断下列气候类型从A→B→C→D的组合正确的是()A.温带海洋性气候温带大陆性气候温带季风气候地中海气候B.温带海洋性气候地中海气候温带大陆性气候温带季风气候C.温带季风气候地中海气候温带大陆性气候温带海洋性气候D.温带大陆性气候温带季风气候地中海气候温带海洋性气候7.(2015•聊城)关于如图中海峡甲的叙述,正确的是()A.该海峡为白令海峡B.位于马来半岛与苏门答腊岛之间C.是沟通大西洋与太平洋的天然通道D.是西亚石油运往欧洲西部的必经之地8.日本最大的岛屿是()A.某某道B.四国 C.本州 D.九州9.(2015•某某)图中海峡是欧洲,非洲与东南亚、东亚各港口最短航线的必经之地,是连接太平洋与印度洋的重要海上通道,它是()A.巴拿马运河 B.苏伊士运河C.霍尔木兹海峡D.马六甲海峡10.(2015•某某)下列关于日本的叙述,正确的是()A.工业集中分布在太平洋沿岸 B.地形以平原为主C.人口稀少的岛国D.矿产资源丰富11.地处亚洲与大洋洲、太平洋与印度洋之间的“十字路口”是()A.东南亚B.西亚 C.澳大利亚 D.东亚12.“山水相连,华人集中,热带风光…”这些描述会让我们联想到()A.南亚 B.东亚 C.东南亚D.西亚13.东南亚是世界上最大的热带经济作物产地,橡胶最大生产国是()A.泰国 B.菲律宾C.马来西亚 D.印度尼西亚14.东南亚地处“十字路口”,扼守这个路口的“咽喉”是()A.巴拿马运河B.苏伊士运河C.霍尔木兹海峡 D.马六甲海峡15.下列4幅图中,表示马六甲海峡的是()A. B. C. D.16.南亚地区面积最大、人口最多的国家是()A.巴基斯坦 B.印度 C.尼泊尔D.孟加拉国17.日本多火山和地震的原因是()A.位于太平洋板块和亚欧板块的交界处B.位于太平洋板块和美洲板块的交界处C.位于太平洋板块和印度洋板块的交界处D.位于印度洋板块和亚欧板块的交界处18.由图中数据可知日本加工贸易经济的主要特点是()A.大量进口工业原料,大量出口工业产品B.大量进口工业产品,大量出口工业原料C.大量进口工业原料和工业产品D.大量出口工业原料和工业产品19.东南亚人的主食为()A.大米饭B.面食 C.玉米 D.蕉麻20.下列国家与其旅游胜地的组合,错误的是()A.印度尼西亚﹣婆罗浮屠 B.柬埔寨﹣吴哥窟C.泰国﹣下龙湾 D.缅甸仰光﹣大金塔21.被印度人民誉为“圣河”的是()A.恒河 B.印度河C.湄公河D.布拉马普特拉河22.下列哪条河流最终注入的不是北冰洋()A.伏尔加河 B.鄂毕河C.叶尼塞河 D.勒拿河23.(2015•东营)读图,关于亚洲的叙述,正确的是()①全部位于北半球,大部分位于东半球;②地跨热带、温带、寒带;③温带大陆性气候分布广,季风气候只分布在东亚;④地势中部高、四周低,河流呈放射状流向四周海洋.A.①② B.②④ C.③④ D.①④24.(2015•某某)亚洲中部雄踞着世界上最高的高原﹣﹣青藏高原,许多大江大河都从那里发源,奔流入海.如图中,甲、乙两图分别为亚洲大陆沿30°N纬线和80°E经线所作的地形剖面示意图,亚洲的地势特点是()A.中部高,四周低B.中部低,四周高C.南部高,北部低D.东部高,西部低二.解答题(共6小题)25.(2015•某某)读亚洲图,回答下列问题(1)A是高原,B是山脉,是亚洲与洲的分界.(2)C是世界最大的半岛.(3)D是世界最深和蓄水量最大的淡水湖:.(4)E是世界最大的群岛.(5)F是与我国隔海相望的国家:.(6)G是跨经度最多的大洋:.26.读亚洲气候类型分布图.(1)写出图中字母所代表的地理事物名称半岛:E:H:海:G:(2)B地气候类型是,其气候特征为.(3)F地属于(填亚洲地理分区),其气候类型是,该地主要的经济作物有(任写2种即可).(4)一艘油轮从H地出发到日本必须经过海峡,才能使得其运输成本达到最低.该海峡位于半岛与岛之间.27.(2015•某某)建设“21世纪海上丝绸之路”,是我国的重要发展战略.如图是亚洲局部图,读图回答问题.(1)“21 世纪海上丝绸之路”经过的A 海域是我国的海;B海峡是东南亚著名的海峡,该海峡沟通了太平洋和洋.(2)东南亚地区是“21 世纪海上丝绸之路”的重要枢纽,包括中南半岛和群岛两大部分.中南半岛山脉、河流的分布特点是,大城市主要沿分布.(3)孟买一年分为旱、雨两季,当盛行图中所示风向的季风时,为季,此时的气候特点是.在该气候影响下,孟买附近沿海地区种植的主要粮食作物是.28.(2015•某某)阅读图文材料,回答下列问题.材料一 2015年4月21日,国家主席出访巴基斯坦,在巴基斯坦议会发表题为《构建中巴命运共同体开辟合作共赢新征程》的重要演讲,高度评价中国同巴基斯坦的全天候友谊和全方位合作,介绍中国和平发展理念,阐述中国对南亚睦邻友好政策,表示中国愿同南亚国家加强合作,实现互利发展、共同繁荣.材料二南亚图(如图)(1)填出图中字母所代表的地理事物名称.海域:A 海 B 湾地形区:C 山脉 D 高原(2)被誉为“世界七大建筑奇迹”之一的位于D所在国家.(3)巴基斯坦主要信奉的某某是;中巴之间的经济关系称之为.(填南北对话或南南合作)(4)①地为,是世界降水最多的地区之一,试分析其成为“世界雨极”的原因.(回答两点即可)29.(2015•某某)读下列图文资料,并结合所学知识回答下列问题.材料一:南亚地区的北部地震频发,时间2015年4月25日,尼泊尔发生了里氏8.1级大地震(震中位置:28°12′N,84°42′E),此次地震给首都加德满都(27°42′N,85°20′E)造成重大财产损失和严重人员伤亡.材料二:“南亚局部地区政区图”、“板块分布示意图”(1)如图3甲、乙两地是尼泊尔首都加徳满都和此次地震震中的位置,其中表示震中的是地,震中距加徳满都的实际直线距离约为km.(2)南亚北部地区地震频发,其主要原因是.(3)南亚既是世界四大文明发源地之一,又是世界三大某某中教的发源地.(4)印度是南亚地区面积最大的国家,其经济以农业为主,由于受灾害频繁发生的影响,粮食产量不稳,该国工业门类齐全,近20多年来,印度的信息技术、航空航天等产业发展迅速.30.(2015•某某)读图1、图2,结合材料回答问题.材料:水稻生长需要较高的热量和充足的水分.小麦喜温凉气候,比较耐旱.(1)印度中部是平原,南部为高原,耕地面积广,为粮食生产提供有利条件.(2)印度年降水量大于1000毫米的地区主要分布在部及西部沿海,丰沛的降水主要由(风向)季风带来,乞拉朋齐因地处山地(“迎风坡”或“背风坡”)称为“世界雨极”.(3)图1中A、B地区,主要种植水稻的是地区,原因是.(4)印度季风不稳定使得降水年际变化大,易造成灾害.试题解析参考一.选择题(共24小题)1.(2015•某某)关于亚洲叙述错误的是()A.地势中部低四周高B.河流呈放射状流入周围海洋C.世界上面积最大的洲D.气候复杂多样,季风气候显著解:A、亚洲地势中部高,四周低.“世界屋脊”青藏高原雄踞亚洲中部,喜马拉雅山脉等众多高大的山脉,以帕米尔高原为中心向四周延伸.故A符合题意;B、亚洲河网分布主要有两大特点:一是大河多发源于中部的高原山地,顺地势呈放射状向四周奔流入海;二是内流区面积广大.故B不符合题意;C、亚洲面积约4 400万平方千米,是世界第一大洲.故C不符合题意;D、亚洲面积广大,地跨寒、温、热三带,且地形复杂多样,除温带海洋性气候外,世界上的各种气候在亚洲都有分布.亚洲地处世界最大大陆的东部,濒临世界最大的海洋,海陆差异特别显著.在世界各大洲中,亚洲东部和南部的季风最强盛,最典型,影响X围也最广.故D不符合题意.故选:A.2.(2015•某某)被称为“世界雨极”的是()A.乞拉朋齐 B.阿塔卡马沙漠C.塔克拉玛干沙漠D.火烧寮解:人们迄今所记录到的年降雨量最多的地方有两处:一处是印度东北部的乞拉朋齐(东经91°50′,北纬25°20′),多年平均年降雨量10818 毫米;另一处在夏威夷群岛卡维金尼山(西经159°30′,北纬22°5′)的东北山麓,多年平均年降雨量11684毫米.人们形象地称它们为地球的“雨极”.故选:A.3.(2015•某某)根据如图分析,下列说法正确的是()A.亚洲的东部和西部均分布有季风气候B.亚洲分布X围最广的是地中海气候C.亚洲具有世界上所有的气候类型D.亚洲气候具有复杂多样,大陆性气候分布广和季风气候显著的特点解:亚洲的东部和南部分布有季风气候,故A错误;亚洲分布面积最广的气候类型是温带大陆性气候,故B错误;亚洲除温带海洋性气候外,世界上的各种气候在亚洲都有分布;C错误;亚洲气候复杂多样,季风气候显著,大陆性特征明显;D正确.故选:D.4.亚洲的地势及河流特点是()A.南高北低,导致大部分河流注入北冰洋B.中间高,四周低,河流呈放射状C.四周高,中间低,河流呈向心状D.西高东低,呈阶梯状分布解:亚洲地面起伏很大,中部高,四周低,地形以高原、山地为主,亚洲大河多发源于中部的高原山地,顺地势呈放射状向四周奔流入海,选项ACD叙述错误,不符合题意.故选:B.5.亚洲的地形以()为主.A.平原和山地B.高原和丘陵C.高原和山地D.山地和丘陵解:亚洲地形以高原、山地为主,平均海拔高.亚洲山地和高原约占总面积的3/4,全洲平均海拔950米,是除南极洲以外海拔最高的大洲.故选:C.6.读“亚欧大陆图”,判断下列气候类型从A→B→C→D的组合正确的是()A.温带海洋性气候温带大陆性气候温带季风气候地中海气候B.温带海洋性气候地中海气候温带大陆性气候温带季风气候C.温带季风气候地中海气候温带大陆性气候温带海洋性气候D.温带大陆性气候温带季风气候地中海气候温带海洋性气候解:读图可知,A位于欧洲西部沿海地区,为温带海洋性气候,B位于地中海沿岸属典型的地中海气候,C处位于亚欧大陆内部,属于温带大陆性气候D位于位于温带,亚欧大陆的东部沿海,由于亚欧大陆与太平洋的巨大海陆差异,形成显著的温带季风气候.故选:B.7.(2015•聊城)关于如图中海峡甲的叙述,正确的是()A.该海峡为白令海峡B.位于马来半岛与苏门答腊岛之间C.是沟通大西洋与太平洋的天然通道D.是西亚石油运往欧洲西部的必经之地解:从图中看出,甲是位于马来半岛和苏门答腊岛之间的马六甲海峡,该海峡位于亚洲和大洋洲之间,是沟通太平洋与印度洋的天然水道,也是欧洲、非洲东行到东南亚、东亚,最短航线的必经之路.故选:B.8.日本最大的岛屿是()A.某某道B.四国 C.本州 D.九州解:日本位于亚洲东部、太平洋西北部,是一个多山的岛国,由某某道岛、本州岛、四国岛、九州岛4个大岛、数千个小岛及附近的海域组成.其中,日本最大的岛屿是本州岛.故选:C.9.(2015•某某)图中海峡是欧洲,非洲与东南亚、东亚各港口最短航线的必经之地,是连接太平洋与印度洋的重要海上通道,它是()A.巴拿马运河B.苏伊士运河C.霍尔木兹海峡 D.马六甲海峡解:从图中看出,位于马来半岛和苏门答腊岛之间的马六甲海峡,是欧洲,非洲与东南亚、东亚各港口最短航线的必经之地,是连接太平洋与印度洋的重要海上通道.故选:D.10.(2015•某某)下列关于日本的叙述,正确的是()A.工业集中分布在太平洋沿岸 B.地形以平原为主C.人口稀少的岛国D.矿产资源丰富解:日本的工业主要分布在太平洋沿岸,该地区海上交通运输便利,故A正确;日本地形以山地和丘陵为主,故B错误;日本是一个地狭人稠的国家,故C错误;日本矿产资源贫乏,主要依靠进口,故D错误.故选:A.11.地处亚洲与大洋洲、太平洋与印度洋之间的“十字路口”是()A.东南亚B.西亚 C.澳大利亚 D.东亚解:东南亚位于亚洲的东南部,地处亚洲与大洋洲、印度洋与太平洋的“十字路口”,是世界海洋运输和航空运输的重要枢纽.故选:A.12.“山水相连,华人集中,热带风光…”这些描述会让我们联想到()A.南亚 B.东亚 C.东南亚D.西亚解:东南亚位于亚洲的东南部,包括中南半岛和马来群岛的大部分.中南半岛位于中国的南部,半岛上山脉、大河多由北向南延伸,与我国山水相连;东南亚是世界某某外华人华侨最集中的地区,华人和华侨在东南亚各国人口中所占比例较大;东南亚绝大部分地处热带,因此到处是一片热带风光;故选项C符合题意.故选:C.13.东南亚是世界上最大的热带经济作物产地,橡胶最大生产国是()A.泰国 B.菲律宾C.马来西亚 D.印度尼西亚解:泰国从1991年起即成为世界最大的天然橡胶生产国和出口国.2000年产胶达100万吨,2004年可望达到240万吨.故选:A.14.东南亚地处“十字路口”,扼守这个路口的“咽喉”是()A.巴拿马运河B.苏伊士运河C.霍尔木兹海峡 D.马六甲海峡解:马六甲海峡是沟通亚洲与大洋洲,印度洋与太平洋的“咽喉”要道,所以东南亚地区交通“十字路口”的咽喉,指的是马六甲海峡.故选:D.15.下列4幅图中,表示马六甲海峡的是()A. B. C. D.解:马六甲海峡位于马来半岛和苏门答腊岛之间,是沟通太平洋与印度洋的天然水道,也是连接欧洲、印度洋沿岸港口与太平洋西岸港口的重要航道,图中B所示的是马六甲海峡.故选:B.16.南亚地区面积最大、人口最多的国家是()A.巴基斯坦 B.印度 C.尼泊尔D.孟加拉国解:南亚人口最多和面积最大的国家是印度.故选:B.17.日本多火山和地震的原因是()A.位于太平洋板块和亚欧板块的交界处B.位于太平洋板块和美洲板块的交界处C.位于太平洋板块和印度洋板块的交界处D.位于印度洋板块和亚欧板块的交界处解:日本是一个多山的岛国,国土的3/4为山地丘陵.沿海平原狭窄,关东平原是日本最大的平原.日本群岛位于环太平洋火山地震带上,火山、地震活动频繁,大约每隔3年就要发生1次危害较大的地震.故选:A.18.由图中数据可知日本加工贸易经济的主要特点是()A.大量进口工业原料,大量出口工业产品B.大量进口工业产品,大量出口工业原料C.大量进口工业原料和工业产品D.大量出口工业原料和工业产品解:日本进口原料,出口产品,形成加工贸易为主的经济.故选:A.19.东南亚人的主食为()A.大米饭B.面食 C.玉米 D.蕉麻解:东南亚各国普遍种植水稻,稻米是当地居民的主要粮食,也是传统的出口产品.故选:A.20.下列国家与其旅游胜地的组合,错误的是()A.印度尼西亚﹣婆罗浮屠 B.柬埔寨﹣吴哥窟C.泰国﹣下龙湾 D.缅甸仰光﹣大金塔解:东南亚的旅游胜地如缅甸仰光的大金塔、印度尼西亚的婆罗浮屠、柬埔寨的吴哥窟、泰国曼谷的水上市场、越南的下龙湾、花园城市﹣新加坡等.故选:C.21.被印度人民誉为“圣河”的是()A.恒河 B.印度河C.湄公河D.布拉马普特拉河解:恒河被印度人民尊称为“圣河”和“印度的母亲”.故选项A符合题意.故选:A.22.下列哪条河流最终注入的不是北冰洋()A.伏尔加河 B.鄂毕河C.叶尼塞河 D.勒拿河解:伏尔加河位于俄罗斯西南部,全长3690km,是欧洲最长的河流,也是世界最长的内流河,流入里海;鄂毕河、叶尼塞河、勒拿河都注入北冰洋.故选:A.23.(2015•东营)读图,关于亚洲的叙述,正确的是()①全部位于北半球,大部分位于东半球;②地跨热带、温带、寒带;③温带大陆性气候分布广,季风气候只分布在东亚;④地势中部高、四周低,河流呈放射状流向四周海洋.A.①② B.②④ C.③④ D.①④解:亚洲主要位于北半球和东半球,北极圈穿过亚洲的北部,北回归线穿过亚洲的南部,亚洲地跨寒温热三带,亚洲温带大陆性气候分布广,季风气候主要分布在东亚、东南亚和南亚;亚洲地势中部高、四周低,河流呈放射状流向四周海洋.故选:B.24.(2015•某某)亚洲中部雄踞着世界上最高的高原﹣﹣青藏高原,许多大江大河都从那里发源,奔流入海.如图中,甲、乙两图分别为亚洲大陆沿30°N纬线和80°E经线所作的地形剖面示意图,亚洲的地势特点是()A.中部高,四周低B.中部低,四周高C.南部高,北部低D.东部高,西部低解:亚洲地势中部高,四周低.“世界屋脊”青藏高原雄踞亚洲中部,喜马拉雅山脉等众多高大的山脉,以帕米尔高原为中心向四周延伸.所以亚洲大河多发源于中部的高原山地,顺地势呈辐射状向四周奔流入海.故选:A.二.解答题(共6小题)25.(2015•某某)读亚洲图,回答下列问题(1)A是青藏高原,B是乌拉尔山脉,是亚洲与欧洲的分界.(2)C是世界最大的阿拉伯半岛.(3)D是世界最深和蓄水量最大的淡水湖:贝加尔湖.(4)E是世界最大的马来群岛.(5)F是与我国隔海相望的国家:菲律宾.(6)G是跨经度最多的大洋:北冰洋.解:(1)A是青藏高原,是世界海拔最高原高原.B是乌拉尔山脉,是亚洲与欧洲的分界线.(2)C是阿拉伯半岛,面积约300万平方千米,是世界上最大的半岛.(3)位于西伯利亚的D贝加尔湖是世界上最深、淡水储量最大的湖泊.(4)E马来群岛是世界第一大群岛,在海岛世界中,是个“人丁兴旺”的群岛“家族”.由印度尼西亚13000多个岛屿和菲律宾约7000个岛屿组成.(5)与我国隔海相望的国家有日本、韩国、菲律宾、马来西亚、文莱、印度尼西亚等.其中F是菲律宾.(6)由于所有的经纬交汇于两极地区,四个大洋中只有北冰洋跨北极地区,因此北冰洋跨经度最广.故答案为:(1)青藏;乌拉尔;欧;(2)阿拉伯;(3)贝加尔湖;(4)马来;(5)菲律宾;(6)北冰洋.26.读亚洲气候类型分布图.(1)写出图中字母所代表的地理事物名称半岛:E:中南半岛H:阿拉伯半岛海:G:地中海(2)B地气候类型是温带大陆性气候,其气候特征为冬季寒冷干燥,夏季温暖、降水较多.(3)F地属于东南亚(填亚洲地理分区),其气候类型是热带雨林气候,该地主要的经济作物有天然橡胶、油棕(任写2种即可).(4)一艘油轮从H地出发到日本必须经过马六甲海峡,才能使得其运输成本达到最低.该海峡位于马来半岛与苏门答腊岛之间.解:(1)读图可知,E是中南半岛;H是阿拉伯半岛;G是地中海;(2)B地是温带大陆性气候,冬季寒冷干燥,夏季温暖、降水较多;(3)F地属于东南亚,东南亚绝大部分位于热带,湿热的气候条件,使其成为世界上重要的热带作物生产基地之一,是世界上天然橡胶、油棕、椰子和蕉麻的最大产地.(4)马来半岛与苏门答腊岛之间的马六甲海峡,是沟通太平洋与印度洋的天然水道,也是连接欧洲、印度洋沿岸港口与太平洋西岸港口的重要航道.它是油轮从H地出发到日本必须经过的运输成本最低的路线.故答案为:(1)中南半岛;阿拉伯半岛;地中海;(2)温带大陆性气候;冬季寒冷干燥,夏季温暖、降水较多;(3)东南亚;热带雨林气候;天然橡胶、油棕;(4)马六甲;马来;苏门答腊.27.(2015•某某)建设“21世纪海上丝绸之路”,是我国的重要发展战略.如图是亚洲局部图,读图回答问题.(1)“21 世纪海上丝绸之路”经过的A 海域是我国的南海;B海峡是东南亚著名的马六甲海峡,该海峡沟通了太平洋和印度洋.(2)东南亚地区是“21 世纪海上丝绸之路”的重要枢纽,包括中南半岛和马来群岛两大部分.中南半岛山脉、河流的分布特点是山河相间,纵列分布,大城市主要沿河流分布.(3)孟买一年分为旱、雨两季,当盛行图中所示风向的季风时,为雨季,此时的气候特点是高温多雨.在该气候影响下,孟买附近沿海地区种植的主要粮食作物是水稻.解:(1)我国的临海自北向南依次为:渤海、黄海、东海和南海,由图可知,A海域位于图中东海以南,因此是南海.B海峡位于苏门答腊岛与马来半岛之间,是联系太平洋和印度洋的咽喉要道,因此是马六甲海峡.(2)东南亚由中南半岛和马来群岛两部分组成,马来群岛是世界上最大的群岛,中南半岛因位于中国以南而得名,与中国山水相连,地势北高南低,高山、大河由北向南延伸,形成了山河相间、纵列分布的形势.该区的河流上游流经山区,落差大,水流急;中下游流速缓,河道宽,沿岸平原地形平坦,交通便利,因此城市大多数分布在河流沿岸平原.(3)由图可知,此时孟买盛行西南季风,该季风从海洋吹向陆地,带来大量水汽,降水丰沛,所以此时是该地的雨季.观察孟买的各月气温分布图又可发现该地全年高温,故此时的气候特点是高温多雨.孟买沿海地区,地形平坦,土壤肥沃,降水丰富,水热条件好,所以适合种植水稻.故答案为:(1)南;马六甲;印度;(2)马来;山河相间,纵列分布;河流;(3)雨;高温多雨;水稻.28.(2015•某某)阅读图文材料,回答下列问题.材料一 2015年4月21日,国家主席出访巴基斯坦,在巴基斯坦议会发表题为《构建中巴命运共同体开辟合作共赢新征程》的重要演讲,高度评价中国同巴基斯坦的全天候友谊和全方位合作,介绍中国和平发展理念,阐述中国对南亚睦邻友好政策,表示中国愿同南亚国家加强合作,实现互利发展、共同繁荣.材料二南亚图(如图)(1)填出图中字母所代表的地理事物名称.海域:A 阿拉伯海 B 孟加拉湾地形区:C 喜马拉雅山脉 D 德干高原(2)被誉为“世界七大建筑奇迹”之一的泰姬陵位于D所在国家.(3)巴基斯坦主要信奉的某某是伊斯兰教;中巴之间的经济关系称之为南南合作.(填南北对话或南南合作)(4)①地为乞拉朋齐,是世界降水最多的地区之一,试分析其成为“世界雨极”的原因.(回答两点即可)解:(1)观察图示根据字母所处的位置判定:A、阿拉伯海,B、孟加拉湾,C、喜马拉雅山,D、德干高原;(2)泰姬陵被誉为“世界七大建筑奇迹”之一,位于印度;(3)巴基斯坦主要信奉的某某是伊斯兰教;中国、巴基斯坦都是发展中国家,中巴之间的经济关系称之为南南合作;(4)来自印度洋的西南季风受喜马拉雅山的阻挡,降水丰富,使印度东北部成为世界上降水最多的地区之一.故答案为:(1)阿拉伯;孟加拉;喜马拉雅;德干;(2)泰姬陵;(3)伊斯兰教;南南合作;(4)乞拉朋齐;季风、地形.29.(2015•某某)读下列图文资料,并结合所学知识回答下列问题.材料一:南亚地区的北部地震频发,时间2015年4月25日,尼泊尔发生了里氏8.1级大地震(震中位置:28°12′N,84°42′E),此次地震给首都加德满都(27°42′N,85°20′E)造成重大财产损失和严重人员伤亡.材料二:“南亚局部地区政区图”、“板块分布示意图”(1)如图3甲、乙两地是尼泊尔首都加徳满都和此次地震震中的位置,其中表示震中的是甲地,震中距加徳满都的实际直线距离约为80 km.(2)南亚北部地区地震频发,其主要原因是位于亚欧板块与印度洋板块交界处.(3)南亚既是世界四大文明发源地之一,又是世界三大某某中佛教的发源地.。
2014-2015学年度下期第一次定时作业英语试题一、听力测试。
(30分)I.情景反应。
(9分)听两遍,根据你所听到的句子从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答语。
( )1. A. Yes, I am. B. No, I don’t. C. No, I can’t.( )2. A. Sunday. B. Half past seven. C. March 1st.( )3. A. She goes there on foot. B. Yes, she is. C. No. She takes the bus. ( )4. A. I can play volleyball. B. I can play the guitar. C. I can dance.( )5. A. On weekdays. B. Usually at seven o’clock. C. At school.( )6. A. Only about two kilometers. B. About twenty minutes. C. I usually take the bus. II.对话理解。
(9分)听两遍,根据你所听到的对话及问题从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的答案。
( )7. A. Yes, he does. B. No, he doesn’t. C. No. But he wants to be a musician. ( )8. A. Yes, she does. B. No, she doesn’t. C. The boy’s father gets up early ( )9. A. He can play the drums. B. He can dance. C. He can draw.( )10. A. The boy. B. Lisa C. Lisa’s math teacher.( )11. A. At 8:15. B. At 8:45. C. At 9:15.( )12. A. On foot. B. Take the bus. C. By bike.II.长对话理解。
一、精心选一选(每小题:4分,共32分)1.如图1,直线a、b相交于点O,则图中共有__________对对顶角,共有__________对邻补角。
O2.如图2,直线AB,CD相交于点O,OA平分EOC,EOC=80,则BOD=______ 图13.如图3,1和2是______角,2和3是______角。
4.命题两直线平行,内错角相等的题设是__________,结论是__________。
5.如图4,a∥b,1=1180,则2=____6.在同一平面内,两条直线的位置关系是__________。
图37.已知x轴上点P到y轴的距离是1,则点P的坐标是__________。
8.若ABCD,垂足为D,则ADC=____________二、细心填一填(每小题:4分,共32分)9.已知:a0、b-1,则点(a,b+1)在( )A、第一象限 B、第二象限C、第三象限D、第四象限10.在下图中,2是对顶角的图形是( )11.下列语句中,错误的是( )A、一条直线有且只有一条垂线 B、不相等的两个角一定不是对顶角,C、直角的补角必是直角 D、两直线平行,同旁内角互补12.点P为直线m外一点,点A,B,C为直线m 上三点,PA=5cmPB=6cm,PC=3cm,则点P到直线m的距离为( )A、小于3cm B、5cm C、3cm D、不大于3cm13.如图5,1=150 , AOC=900,点B、O、D在同一直线上,则2的度数为( )A、750 B、150 C、1050 D、 165014.如图6,不能推出a∥b的条件是( )A、3 B、4 C、3 D、3=180015.已知,点(m,-1)与点(-2,n+1)是关于原点对称,则( )A、m=-2,n=1 B、m=2,n=0 C、m=-2,n=0 D、m=2,n=116.下列说法正确的是 ( )A、 a、b、c是直线,且a∥b, b∥c,则a∥cB、a、b、c是直线,且ab, bc ,则acC、 a、b、c是直线,且a∥b, bc则a∥cD、 a、b、c 是直线,且a∥b, b∥c,则ac三、耐心做一做17.作图题:在下图中平移三角形ABC,使点A移到点D,点B和点C应移到什么位置?请在图中画出平移后图形(保留作图痕迹)。