湖北省黄冈市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精练(13)

湖北黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮精练（17）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

The need to feed a growing population is putting much pressure on the world’s supply of water. With 97% of the world’s w ater too salty to be drunk or used in agriculture, the worldwide supply of water needs careful management, especially in agriculture. Although the idea of a water shortage (短缺) seems strange to someone fortunate enough to live in a high rainfall country, many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.Although dams can be built to store water for agricultural use in dry areas and dry seasons, the costs of water redistribution (重新分配) are very high. Not only is there the cost of the engineering itself, but there is also an environmental cost to be considered. Where valleys (山谷) are flooded to create dams, houses are lost and wildlife homes destroyed. Besides, water may flow easily through pipes to fields, but it cannot be transported from one side of the world to the other. Each country must therefore rely on the management of its own water to supply its farming requirements.This is particularly troubling for countries with agricultural industries in areas dependent on irrigation (灌溉). In Texas, farmers’ overuse of irrgation water has resulted in a 25% reduction of the water stores. In the Central Valley area of southwestern USA, a huge water engineering project provided water for farming in dry valleys, but much of the water use has been poorly managed.Saudi Arabia’s attempts to grow wheat in desert areas have seen the pumping o f huge quantities of irrigation water from underground reserves. Because there is no rainfall in these areas, such reserves can only decrease, and it is believed that fifty years of pumping will see them run dry.1. From the first two paragraphs we learn that .A. much of the world’s water is available for useB. people in high rainfall countries feel luckyC. the costs of water redistribution should be consideredD. water can be easily carried through pipes across the world2. Which of the following is true?A. The water stores in Texas have been reduced by 75%.B. Most industries in the world suffer from water shortages.C. The underground water in Saudi Arabia might run out in 50 years.D. Good management of water use resulted from the project in the Central Valley.3. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. Steps to improving water use management.B. Ways to reduce the costs of building dams.C. Measures to deal with worldwide water shortages.D. Approaches to handling the pressure on water supply.4. The text is mainly about .A. water supply and increasing populationB. water use management and agricultureC. water redistribution and wildlife protectionD. water shortages and environmental protection【参考答案】1-4 CCAB阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

山西省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（13）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

ASafe online shopping starts here1．If you want to buy MP3players, you can visit _______．A．www．additionsdirect．co．ukB．www．bigbadbuffalo．comC．www．secretsales．comD．www．retail junky．com2．If you are not satisfied with what you have bought in a certain period in AW Rust Designer Clothes you ________________．A．you can’t get your money back B．you can change it for anotherC．you can get you money back D．you can return what you have bought 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE?A．Everyone can buy something in secretsales．com．B．Delivery is free on orders over￡100 in Additions Direct．C．Shipping is free on orders in Dressnimpress．D．Bigbadbuffalo．com is a web store only for women．B.Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t love others until you love yourself. Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you’ve got to love yourself first and this can be tricky. Sure we all know that we’re the apple of our parents’ eyes, and that our Grandmas think we’re great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics. But sometimes i t’s a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge. It is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.Self-image is your own mind’s picture of yourself. This image inclu des the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about us. Unfortunately, most of these images are more negative than they should be. Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world.The best way to defeat a passive self-image is to step back and decide to stress your successes. That is, make a list if you need to, but write down all of the great things you do every day. Don’t allow doubts to occur in it.It very well might be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you can’t move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself. Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task. If you think you’re silly because you aren’t good at math, find a tutor. If you think you’re weak because you can’t run a mile, get to the track and practice. If you think you’re dull because you don’t wear the latest trends, buy a few new clothes. But remember,just because you think it doesn’t mean it’s true.The best way to get rid of a negative self-image is to realize that your image is far from objective, and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. Changing the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long way towards promoting a positive self-image. When you can pat（拍）yourself on the back, you’ll know you’re well on your way. Good luck!4. You need to build a positive self-image when you _________.A. dare to challenge yourselfB. feel it hard to change yourselfC. are unconfident about yourselfD. have a high opinion of yourself5. How should you change your self-image according to the passage?A. To keep a different image of others.B. To make your life successful.C. To understand your own world.D. To change the way you think.6. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to prepare for your success.B. How to face challenges in your life.C. How to build a positive self-image.D. How to develop your good qualities.7. Who are the intended readers of the passage?A. Parents.B. Adolescents.C. Educators.D. People in general.C.Children of all ages love birthday parties at the Staten Island Zoo. Where else can you invite real party animals to join in the fun?Who is invited?Parties at the Staten Island Zoo are designed for children who are turning 4 years old and older, with a maximum group size of 15 children and 4 adults．Along with your human guests，2-3 live animals will also be invited into your party room. No need for more introductions. By the end of your party, our teachers will make sure everyone is well familiar with their new scaly(有鳞的)，feathery or furry friends．What is included?Each party lasts an hour and a half (two hours if pizza is included) and includes live animal demonstration，games or stories，and animal skills．Each member will receive a goodie bag to take home for fun. Besides, birthday invitations will be given to you for giving to your guests．Birthday party themesChoose from four different themes：Animal TracksDiscover different types of animal’s feet and their purpose．Track some animals and thenmake a take home plaster mold(石膏模型)．African SavannahJoin in the fun at exploring the mysteries of the African Savannah．Learn about favorite foods of the Savannah’s people and make an animal mask to enjoy the fun．Tropical RainforestListen to the sounds of the jungle and find where the animals live．Create a colorful rainforest bird.Barnyard FriendsStories, games, activities and crafts will all focus on the differences between wild and domestic animals．Make a small bookmark to use at home．CostsPizza，ice cream cake，juice and party (includes cutlery, paper plates, cups and napkins) --- $370 Staten Island Zoo members／$400 non．Members．Party only --- $250 Staten Island Zoo members／$275 non．Members8. What’s special about the birthday parties at the Staten Island Zoo?A．There are 19 people in one party at least．B．Parties are intended for those who are just 4 years old．C．It is necessary to introduce the strangers at the parties．D．Live animals will take part in the birthday parties．9．If you choose a theme of Tropical Rainforest，what kind of works of art can you make? A．A take-home plaster mold．B．A colorful rainforest bird．C．An animal mask．D．A small bookmark to use at home．10. A non-member who only plans to hold a party at the Staten Island Zoo should pay______. A．$250 B．$275 C．$370 D．$40011．What can we learn from the passage?A．All birthday parties last one and a half hours．B．We should buy birthday invitations for our guest at the zoo．C．Animals will make a performance at the party．D．Any party member will be given a bag to store rubbish at the party．D.Labor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. This definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed. Labor is one of the country's resources which can becombined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community.Although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. The age distribution (分布) of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. If the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were a balanced spread age distribution. If the population naturally grows rapidly, the number of births greatly exceeds (超出) the number of deaths then as a total population increases proportion of the workforce declines.Sometimes a population is described as aging which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. In that situation the population is top-heavy with older people. So the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate.The age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. If the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. If the aged are to be cared for in special homes, finance must be available for that purpose. If the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax revenue (税收) is relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or the workforce members have to be taxed more heavily.12．In the passage “labor force”is defined as ___________.A．people who are available to work and earn incomeB．self-employed people onlyC．people who are looking for an employmentD．employers who create job opportunities13．The conclusion which can be drawn from the second paragraph is that___________.A．a natural growth of population leads to a balanced workforceB．a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforceC．the larger the population, the higher the proportion of the workforceD．the workforce will be lower, if the population has a balanced age distribution，14．When a population is said to be aging，___________.A．there are more people retiring than those entering the workforceB．the birth rate must be growingC．there should be an oversupply of workforceD．There are more people entering the workforce than those retiring15．The population which is top-heavy with older people ___________ of a country. A．leads to the high rate of unemploymentB．results in low tax on the workforce membersC．affects employees’ incomesD．places pressure on the economy1--15 DCB CDCD DBBC ABAD。

湖北黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解精练（1）阅读理解。

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean，an S­shaped body of water covering 33 million square miles.The Atlantic has，in a sense，replaced the Mediterranean as the inland sea of Western civilization.Unlike real inland seas，which seem strangely still，the Atlantic is rich in oceanic liveliness.It is perhaps not surprising that its vitality has been much written about by ancient poets. “Storm at Sea”，a short poem written around 700，is generally regarded as one of mankind's earliest artistic representations of the Atlantic.When the wind is from the westAll the waves that cannot restTo the east must thunder onWhere the bright tree of the sunIs rooted in the ocean's breast.As the poem suggests，the Atlantic is never dead and dull.It is an ocean that moves，impressively and endlessly.It makes all kinds of noise—it is forever thundering，boiling，crashing，and whistling.It is easy to imagine the Atlantic trying to draw breath－perhaps not so noticeably out in mid­ocean，but where it meets land，its waters bathing up and down a sandy beach.It mimics(模仿)nearly perfectly the steady breathing of a living creature.It is filled with symbiotic existences，too：unimaginable quantities of creatures，little and large alike，mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic harmony，giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat，a kind of sub­ocean vitality.And it has a psychology.It has personalities：sometimes peaceful and pleasant，on rare occasions rough and wild；always it is strong and striking.1．Unlike real inland seas，the Atlantic Ocean is ________.A．always energetic B．lacking in livelinessC．shaped like a square D．favored by ancient poets解析细节理解题。

湖北黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮精练（14）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

PLAYA GRANDE, COSTA RICA? This resort town was long known for Leatherback Sea Turtle (棱皮龟) national Park, nightly turtle beach tours and even a sea turtle museum. However, on a beach where dozens of turtles used to nest on a given night, scientists spied only 32 leatherbacks all of last year.With leatherbacks threatened with extinction (灭绝), Playa Grande’s turtle museum was abandoned three years ago and now sits among a sea of weeds. And the beachside ticket office for turtle tours was washed away by a high tide in September. “We do not promote that as a turtle tourism destination any more because we realize there are far too few turtles to please,” said Alvaro Fonseca, a park ranger (管理员).Even before scientists found temperatures going up over the past decade, sea turtles were threatened by beach development, drift net fishing and Costa Ricans interest in eating turtle eggs. But climate change may cause the most serious harm to an animal that has lived in the Pacific for 150 million years.Sea turtles are sensitive to numerous effects of warming. They feed on reefs, which are dying in hotter seas. They lay eggs on beaches that are being covered by rising seas and more violent waves.More uniquely their gender (性别) is determined, not by genes but by the egg’s temperature during development. Small rises in beach temperatures can result in ail-female populations, obviously problematic for survival. If the sand around the eggs hits 30 degrees Celsius, the gender balance shits to females: at about 32 degrees they are all female. Above 34, you get boiled eggs.On some nesting beaches, scientists are artificially cooling nests with shade or irrigation and trying to protect broader areas of coastal property from development to ensure that turtles have a place to nest as the seas rise.1. Why does the resort town stop promoting it’s turtle tourism?A. It decides not to disturb the turtles’ normal life.B. Tourists have lost interest in watching turtles.C. There are only very few turtles now.D. The turtle museum was destroyed by a high tide.2. Which of the following is the major factor in the turtles endangerment?A. The locals eating habit.B. Drift net fishing.C. Beach development.D. Global warming.3. We learn from the last paragraph that scientists.A. are doing research on the sea riseB. are moving turtles to new homesC. are protecting turtles’ nestsD. are getting rid of sea weeds4. The passage intends to.A. introduce a special kind of sea turtleB. explain the mystery of turtles’ eggsC. show the dangers a certain kind of turtle is facingD. attract more visitors to a sea turtle museum【参考答案】1—4、CDCC阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

湖北黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮精练（78）【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

NASA has recently found a twin Earth in the Milky Way. Scientists said the planet was the closest to Earth that has been seen.Kepler 452b, which has been named Earth 2, is six billion years old. It has a 385-day year and orbits its star at the same distance as us. It is so like Earth that NASA believes it is possible that life once inhabited the planet. Kepler 452b is 60 percent larger in diameter (直径) than Earth. Scientists say that the planet received the same kind of sunshine as we do on Earth. Thus, plants could survive if taken to the planet.Since the planet is 1.5 billion years older than Earth, scientists say it can show a possible future for earth. “If Kepler 452b is indeed a rocky planets, its location could mean that it is just entering an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate history.” Said Doug Caldwell, a scientist working on the Kepler Mission. According to Caldwell, the increasing energy from its aging sun might be heating the surface and evaporating any oceans. Kepler 452b could be experiencing now what Earth will undergo more than a billion years from now, as the Sun ages and grows brighter. The discovery also gives new hope that alien(外星人) civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System. “We won’t be going to this planet but our children’s children’s children might be.” said Jeff Coughlin, another research scientist on the Kepler Mission.The Kepler space telescope (太空望远镜) has been looking for signs of new worlds outside the Solar System since May 2009, and has so far found more than 4,000 planets. But those planets are either too hot or too cold to sustain life.（注：Kepler Mission NASA 设计的发现类地行星的太空探索任务）1. The following statements about Kepler 452b (Earth 2) are all correct except________.A. It has existed for six billion years.B. It is 60% larger in diameter than the earth.C. It has already entered an uncontrollable greenhouse period of its climate historyD. It is the closest planet to the earth.2. The importance of the discovery of Earth2 lies in the fact that Earth2 ________.① can show a likely future for the earth② gives new hope that alien civilizations may exist beyond the Solar System③ proves that life once inhabited the planet④ proves that pl ants can survive on other planets apart from the eartth.⑤ is going through now what the earth will undergo more than a billion years from nowA. ④⑤B. ①③C. ②④D. ①②3. What can we infer from the text?A. The earth has existed for about 4.5 billion years.B. Kepler 452b is one of the planets in the Milky Way.C. Doug Caldwel and Jeff Coughlin are both research scientists on the Kepler Mission.D. More than 4,000 planets outside the Solar System still cannot sustain life now.1. C. 细节理解题。

黄冈二轮新思维阅读理解AI'll be the first to admit that I am a technophobe(对技术有恐惧感的人）.Who would have guessed thata website would help repay a 20-year-old loan?I'1l always remember my last day at school. My best friend, Jenny, had organized a party in the SixthForm Common Room;Jenny asked me to go to the supermarket with her to buy all the snacks. "I'm really looking forward to this party, Stingy," she said. Everyone called me Stingy instead of Debbie because they thought I didn't like to spend money. Actually, it was true."There's lots of money in the kitty(零星凑起的一笔钱）. Let's go crazy!" Going crazy meant buying ehough snacks to feed an army. It came to ￡ 19.90,which was a lot of money in 1982.Jenny gave me a guilty( 内疚的) look. "I've left-the kitty money in the common room. Can you pay and I'll give you back the money?""Sure," I replied, trying to look relaxed. ' Neither a lender or a borrower be' was my motto but I didn't want to look stingy(小气). I gave ￡20 to the impatient shop assistant.Well, the Party was a great success. So great that I completely forgot about my loan until I was flying to America the next day. I was going to live with my uncle's family until I started university.I tried to get in touch with Jenny but her family had moved. My ￡20 was lost. Until...I'd heard about a website called Friends Reunited which helped people contact old school friends. My husband helped me log on and find my school. There she was,Jenny Frost.I'm now married with a beautiful daughter called Debbie. Does anyone know how to get in touch with Debbie 'Stingy' Jones? I still owe her ￡20!We met two months later and the ￡20 was returned, plus interest(利息)of course. After all, I'm a bank manager now, so loans are my business.1. Why did Jenny spend a lot of mon-"ey on the snacks?( )A. Debbie had money.B. There was money.she could use.C. She wanted Debbie to stop being stingy.D. She wanted to be crazy.2. How did Debbie get her money at last?( )A. Her husband found Jenny.B. Jenny had a website on the Internet.C. Debbie met Jenny.D. Debbie put a message on the Friends Reunited website.3. Which sentence best describes Debbie Jones?( )A. She didn't like to spend money at school and often uses computers.B. She sometimes lends money and doesn't like using computers.C. She sometimes lends money and uses,the computer whenever she can.D. She only lends money to friends and doesn't like using computers.4. We know from the passage that Jenny __ .( )A. liked parties at school and felt guilty about borrowing moneyB. had fun at school but soon forgot about her school friendsC. forgot her best friend at school until she saw the Friends Reunited websiteD. was forgetful about the moneyBSolomon Shereshevski was a man with an amazing memory. He was one of the world's most famous me-monists (记忆能手). Born in Russia in about 1900, he spent much of his life performing memory skills that people found difficult to believe. He could memorize long lists of numbers after reading them through once, and he could then recite(背诵) them forwards or back-wards. He could also remember the same numbers months later.. He could easily remember lists of names, dozens of playing cards or hundreds of cities.Although he had a wonderful memory, he found some normal skills very difficult. For example, he found it difficult to learn to read. He also found it diffi-cult to recognize patterns in words or numbers. When presented with a long list of numbers like this : 1234 4231 5678 8765 6789 9876 he could not see that there was a pattern. If he could see or hear a collection of numbers, he could remember it. However, this did not mean that he could understand what he was looking at. He could remember long complex mathematical formulas, but could not understand what the numbers meant.Solomon suffered from a condition known as Syn-aesthesia. This meant that all of his senses were con-nected in a special way. In other words, when he heard a particular word he also experienced a unique taste, or saw a unique color. Each word that he heard brought a particular description into his mind. Each word for him was unique, because he remembered it as a taste, a smell, a color or a sound, or all of them together.He was not a clever man except this ability and people found him rather stupid. He found it difficult to,become friends with other people because his mind was so different. In a way, his memory was a curse(祸根). He remembered everything, and that made it difficult for him tounderstand anything.5. We know from the first paragraph that( )A. all of his life, Solomon was kept busy doing mem-ory tricksB. if Solomon read a list of numbers he could immedi-ately rememberthemC. Solomon could memorize long list of numbers andfound their patternsD. people thought Solomon could remember the most things in the world6. Solomon had very powerful memory, but he .( )A. could not read or writeB. never knew what people meant when they said to himC. could not work out some simple math problemsD. found everything he did was meaningless7. When a person suffers from synaesthesia, he (or she) . ( )A. senses things usually in a wrong wayB. confuses feelings with c61ors or tastesC. often connects words he (or she) hears with things he(or she)experiencedD.each word he (or she) hears changes its meaning completely8. The author wants to express an idea that .( )A. one cannot be good at both memorizing and understanding thingsB. some people are actually quite stupid though they seem cleverC. having a good memory does not mean having good intelligenceD. the more you can memorize, the more stupid you will certainly beCLast year, my boyfriend suggested that I should run the Londonmarathon(马拉松), and I laughed. He laughed too, but he laughed too longand too loud. That made me think. I realized that he didn't believe thatI could do it. That made me angry, and determined, Now he knows that Ican!Training wasn't easy, but I kept going. I didn't need specialtraining but I did need to buy very goodshoes. Each day, I went a little further. By the end of three months, Iwas running five days a week. Some- times in the evenings I ran 10 km；on Sunday mornings, I sometimes ran about 30 kin. I used to comehome, have a shower and eat my breakfast. I felt wonderful !On the day of the race in London, I lined up with about 30,000 otherrunners. The faster runners were at the front, while slower runners likeme were placed further back. In that way, the professional runners andclub runners were not slowed down by the amateurs(业余爱好者).At first, there were so many runners close together that we were almost falling over each other. We could only run very slowly but that was a good thing because it meant that we didn't rush off too quickly. Gradually the runners spread out and there was more space. There were thousands of people watching us along the route and they cheered and clapped everyone, even the slowest runner. It was wonderful!For the first 10 km I felt very happy and my legs felt very comfortable. However, at 15 km I got a pain in my side and running became difficult, but I kept going and the pain disappeared. At the 30 km mark, I felt extremely tired, and wanted to stop, but I kept on going. I covered another 3 km and then I began to feel better again.By the time I reached the 35 km mark, I knew I was going to get to the end of the course. Somehow that confidence made me feel lighter and faster and it seemed as if my legs flew over the last few kilometers. I passed hundreds of slower runners, some of whom had passed me earlier, and I felt wonderful! AS I came round the last bend(弯道)and saw the finishing line, I could see three runners ahead of me. I raced past all of them to finish the race in just under four hours. The winner had completed the race in 2 hours and 10 minutes, but I didn't care! I had run 42 km and com-pleted my first marathon!9. The writer's boyfriend laughed at her because .( )A.he thought she could run the marathonB. he .didn't think she could run the marathonC. he wanted her to run the marathonD. she wanted to run the marathon10. When the race began .( )A. all,the faster runners were asked to stand before those slower onesB. many runners fell over each otherC. all the runners were asked to run slowlyD. the professional runners and club runners ran very fast11. The hardest time for the writer was when she .（）A. had run for 15 kilometersB. got a pain in her sideC. reached the 30 kilometer markD. was about to reach the finish line12. The passage suggests that it is better to start a long race slowly . ( )A. than to run at the same speed all the timeB. than to run too fast at the beginningC. than to run slowly at the endD. than to run very fast all the timeDWhat's on TV?6 : 00 ③Let's Talk! Guest : Animal expert Jim Porter⑤Cartoons⑧ News⑨News7 : 00 ③Cooking with CathyTonight: Chicken with mushrooms.⑤Movie A Laugh a Minute (1955)James Rayburn.⑧Spin for Dollars!⑨Farm Report7 : 30 ③Double Trouble (comedy)The twins disrupt the high school dance.⑨Wall Street Today.. Stock Market Report8 ：00 ③NBA Basketball. Teams to be announced⑧Movie At Day's End (1981)Michael Collier, Julie Romer.Drama set in World War 11.⑨ News Special"Saving Our Waterways: Pollution in theMississippi".13. The right order of the number of programs is .( )A. News＞ art＞ animals＞ economicB. News＞ economic＞ art＞ animalsC. Art＞ animals＞ news＞ economicD. Art＞ news＞ economic＞ animals14. Which program would probably interests a housewife most? ( )A. Let's Talk!B. Wall Street Today.C. Cooking with Cathy.D. Farm Report.15. If you'd like to watch a game show, you could turn on the TV to .（）A. Channel 5 at 6 : 00B. Channel 8 at 7 : 00C. Channel 3 at 7 : 30D. Channel 3 at 8 : 0016. Which is most probably the News Channel?( )A. 3.B. 5.C. 8.D. 9.EAll around us buildings shook. We decided to leave the town ...We stopped once we had left thebuildings behind us... The carts(马车) were moving on opposite directions, though the ground was perfectly flat, and they wouldn't stay in place evenwith their wheels blocked by stones.In addition, it seemed as though the sea was being sucked(吸) backwards, as if it were being pushed back by the shaking of the land. Certainly the shoreline moved out'wards, and many sea animals were lefton dry sand.Behind us were frightening dark clouds that opened up to showfire--like lightening, but bigger... Not long after that the cloud reacheddown to the ground and covered the sea. Now came the dust, though stillthin. I looked back. A dense cloud appeared behind us, fol-lowing us likea flood pouring across the land. Then a darkness came that was not likea moonless or cloudy night, but more like being in a closed and unlighted room. You could hear women and children crying, men shouting. Some werecalling for parents, others for children； they could only recognize themby their voices.Darkness and ashes came again, a great weight of them. We stoodup and shook the ash off again and again, otherwise we would have been covered with it and crushed(压垮)by the weight.At last the cloud became thinner and thinner until it was no morethan smoke or fog. Soon there was real daylight. The sight that met ourstill terrified eyes was a changed world, buried in ash like snow.—fromPliny's letter to a friend17. Pliny left the town after __ .( )A, the eruptionB. the sky became darkC. the buildings began shakingD. the sea went back18. The carts wouldn't stay still because __ .( )A. the earth was shakingB. the sea sucked them backwardsC. the wheels had stones under themD. the lightening frightened the horses19. It was dark because __ .( )A. it was very late at nightB. clouds of ash covered the sunC. there was a very bad stormD. there was no moon that night20. People tried to find their relations by calling out their namesand . ( )A. listening to their voicesB. running about looking for themC. shaking the ash off peopleD. watching people as they ran pastEx. 2APeople can be addicted to different things—e. g.alcohol, drug, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive (强迫的): they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is impossible to explain reasonably. For com-pulsive spenders who buy on credit, charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending large amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from thethings they buy.There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people lookfor sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bar-gain hunters, however, often buy things that they don't need just .because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really ! 'playing an excit!ng game. When they can buy some-thing "for less than other people, they feel that they are winners. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real one.It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psy-chology to increase husiness. They consider people's needs for love, power,or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertist-ing and sales methods.Psychologists often use a method called "behavior therapy (疗法)" to help individuals solve their person ality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.1.According to the passage, the greatest pleasure of crazy shopping fora compulsive spenderis .( )A. to get things they wantB. to meet their strong psychological needC. to spend a lot of moneyD. to meet their basic needs2.According to the passage, compulsive bargain hunters constantly searchfor the lowest possiblepices .( )A. because they feel satisfied if they spend less money han othersB. because they have money problemC. because they like to show off their success in geting things forless moneyD. because they want to save money to help heir budget3. What does the passage mainly discuss? ( )A. The use of the psychology of spending money in usiness.B. A special psychology of bargaining.C. A method to help compulsive spenders to solve the roblem of money.D. The psychology of money spending habits.BIn the past, young people in Japan were expected to take on responsibilities to support their parents and grandparents. Now theyexpect to be supported well into young adulthood. The "new breed", bornsince the 1960s, have never known anything but richness. Youth are seenas resistant to entering society as mature a-dults, to becoming socialcitizens. Once the great objective of reconstruction after the SecondWorld War was accomplished, a new generation lost the motivating powerthat had united the nation together.Japan's birth rate has been failing rapidly, partly because ofeconomic decline, and the job and financial insecurity that it has caused.In 1999, the figure was1.38 children per woman, the lowest ever recorded.Atthe same time, youth crime, although still especially low by westernstandards, rose to its highest level since record-keeping began 32 yearsago. Likewise, the proportion of students dropping out before graduating,at 2.5％ also Very low by western standards, has never-theless beenrising.Entrepreneurial (企业家的) role models are few and far between.Bill Gates is often mentioned, but a foreign model can only have so muchinfluence. The problem is that Japanese culture discourages people fromrevealing details of personal life, including such difficult or painfulexperience as starting a company. In the past, successful companies suchas Honda or Hita-chi provided role models of a sort. But today they havebeen faded by the downturn, and few others have risen to take their place.By the same reason, young people often feel isolated from theirfathers, who worked too hard at their jobs to establish much of arelationship with their children. "The one thing they're sure of is thatthey don't want to be like their fathers. And the girls don't want to bewith boys who are like their fathers, so the boys are sure not to be,"saysProfessor Morishima.4. According to the passage, former young people were expected to . ( )A. enter the society before adulthoodB. hold togetherC. work hard and support their familyD. study hard and find a good job5. The underlined word “it”(Para. 2) most probably refers to . ( )A..economic declineB. job insecurityC. birth rateD. financial unsafety6. The author takes the two examples of the youth crime and students' dropping-out before graduatingto show .( )A. the youth are overburdenedB. the educational system in Japan is not satisfyingC. public security and order in Japan are badD. the ethnical level of youth in Japan is dropping7. Today, entrepreneurial models are rarely found in Japan because . ( )A. the discouragement of Japanese cultureB. the worshipping of western modelsC. the lack of experience of starting a companyD. the "new breed" don't want to work hard8. The passage mainly discusses .( )A. the decline of the Japanese economyB. the great change of the ethnical and value concept of youth in JapanC. the existence of generation gap between youth and their parentsD. the increase of birth rateCFor the first nine months of Sam Berns' life, everything seemed normal. He learned to walk, butthen his parents noticed something different. After a year, doctors in the end diagnosed (诊断) him with agenetic disease so rare that it affects just one in 8 million children. Only 40 children in the world are knownto have the disease.The disease, progeria, ages children at up to 10 times the normal rate. They stop growing prematurely, then lose their hair and getarthritis. Some children suffer strokes by the time they are 4 or 5. Thereis no known treatment or cure, and most patients die of heart disease bythe age of 13.Progeria is a gene mutation (突变). But scientists had notidentified which gene or genes were responsible for the disease, so theyhad no idea even how to start hunting for a cure. With most geneticdisease, re-searchers are able to examine family trees to see how diseasesrecur (happen again), crossreferencing the information to narrow the hunt.But with progeria sufferers seldom living into their teens, there wereno family trees to study.But not long ago, NIH (National Institutes ot Health) called Sam'sparents with good news., by comparing the genetic samples of progeriasufferers with a normal human gene structure, they had found a com monchromosome (染色体) fault that almost all of the progeria-sufferedChildren shared. The discovery could potentially be the first step towardfinding a cure for the rare disease and possibly even a way to fight thedisease of aging in the general population.Now 7, Sam acts just like any child of his age. However, Sam hasthe body of a 70-year-old, and is starting to feel some of the effectsof premature aging, including poor eyesight and stiffness in his joints.9. Progeria cannot be cured up to now because .( )A. scientists pay no much attention to it due to the small number ofpatientsB. they lack of advanced medical facilities in treating genetic diseaseC. scientists have not discovered the type of genes which arouseprogeriaD. no family trees are available due to the short life of progeriasufferers10. What can researchers know through studying family trees?( )A. The circumstances of the recurrence of the disease.B. The genetic samples of progeria sufferers.C. Chromosome faults of progeria suffers.D. The method of overcoming progeria.ll. What do we know from the news that NIH brought to Sam's parents?( )A. This incurable disease finally was overcome.B. Different children have different chromosome faults.C. It is possible to find the cure of the rare disease.D. All the people have the same chromosomes.DAbout 2 percent of American students are now taught at home.Educators are confused about how this growing practice should be regulated,and also wonder whether children who are not fully registered in school should get some public services. The issue shows how dim the line between public and private education can become, even when that private education is deliveredat home.Probably about half the parents who teach at home are religiously motivated and use lessons by mail (or Internet) from church schools. Perhaps an additional fourth have some doubts about public education, think schools are unsafe of the fact that their children have special need that regular schools don't meet, In some cases, parents home-school to escape compulsory (义务的) education; they do least teaching while having older children care for younger sisters or brothers or work in home businesses. Although .children often learn well at home weak regulations in most states mean that officials rarely challenge or monitor parents who say they are home-schooling. With glowing frequency, however, public schools offer services to the home-schooled. Districts may permit them to enroll part time for instance; educators fear that otherwise these children could later return full time with serious academic weaknesses, and in any case some districts wanting to qualify for state aid can benefit from part-timers filling empty seats.Here in Helena, Mary Brown has taught her 12 children at home while manufacturing clothing there in her non-teaching hours. Mrs Brown says her motive is to give more training in basics, like phonics (发音学) than public schools offer. Most of her curriculum is from a church school, with tests returned by mail.Two years ago her seventh child, Andrea, wanting to join regular athletic programs, enrolled at Capital High School. Andrea soon changed her mind and continued home study. But she had liked gym and chorus, so Mrs Brown asked that she be allowed to continue in them while taking other courses at home.12. The education experts worry about .( )A. whether home-schooling affects the general level of educationB. whether the children studying at home need helpC. whether the family education should 'be aban- donedD. whether parents use the right methods to teach children13. We can know from the passage that .( )A. half the parents feel doubtful about public educationB. most parents have religious considerationC. some parents want to escape the compulsory educationD. public schools should not interfere in private education14. The important problem of home-school education is .( )A. lack of social activitiesB. lack of strict manageme.ntC. inefficiency in studyD. low teaching quality15. According to Mrs Brown, the purpose of teaching her children at home is . ( )A. looking after them by herselfB. teaching them what they likeC. helping her to do houseworkD. teaching them more basics16. It can be inferred from the passage that .( )A. no measures can be taken to regulate the home: school educationB. most parents are not satisfied with public educationC. it is wiser for schools to accept enrollment part timeD. the home-schooled have no difference with those in public schoolsEMost ,young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling, or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some form—footballl, basketball, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering,Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks in high mountains? This astonishment it caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as others, as there are for such games as golf. and football. There are, of course, rules of different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a "team game". We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no "matches" between "teams" of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork. The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year.A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty. But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. Theymay take more time than younger men, but they perhaps climb with more skilland less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.17. What movements are popular among people in winter in the passage?( )A. Soccer and golf.B. Skiing and skating.C. Cycling and hockey.D. Mountaineering.18. The underlined word "passion" (Para. 2) could best be replacedby . ( )A. strong emotionB. enthusiasmC. feelingD. affection19. Mountaineering is a sport, not a game because .( )A. it has man-made rulesB. it is too dangerous for climbersC. it can't bring people joy and leisureD. it is free for climbers to use their own methods20. We know from the passage that .( )A. mountaineering has no appeal to peopleB. physical quality is more important than mental one for climbersC. a mountain climber would pass his best by the age of thirtyD. it is possible for an old man of fifty or sixty to climb the AlpsEx. 3AEven with little exposure to cultural standards of heauty,"infantstreat attractive faces as distinctive regardless of the sex, age and raceof the stimulus (刺激物) faces," write psychologist Judith H. Langloisand her colleagues in the January DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY.In their experiment, 60 healthy 6-month-old infants from middle-class families viewed slides showing eight pairs of white male faces and eight pairs of white female faces. Each pair, displayed for 10 seconds, consisted of one attractive and one unattractive face, as previously judged by a group of male and female college students. An experimenter viewed the young participants on a video monitor and recordedthe direction and duration of each infant's gaze.The 35 boys and 25 girls looked longer at both male and female faces judged as attractive, the re-searchers found.Their second study of 6-month-old involved 15 boys and 25 girls, mostly white, who saw eight pairs of slides showing an attractive and an unattractive black female, as previously judged by both white and black college students. Again, the babies looked much longer at attractive。

湖北黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮精练（15）及（解析）答案阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change:Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more—doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets.Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we don’t keep reducing emissions(排放) of carbon dioxide(CO2) and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere.We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2. We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict die t. The average US household(家庭) produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars. That’s more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce?For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers:How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting(融化) of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent, “ he said.Good advice, I thought. I’d opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind. We’d gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. I’d almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. It’s time for us to change our habits if necessary.1. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?A. To take special kinds of food.B. To respond to climate change.C. To lose weight.D. To improve their health.2. The underline d words “tipping points” most probably refer to “”.A. freezing pointsB. burning pointsC. melting pointsD. boiling points3. It can be inferred from the passage that.A. it is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the timeB. it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2C. the average US household produces about 3, 000 pounds of CO2 a monthD. the average European household produces about 1, 000 pounds of CO2 a month4. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. Saving Energy Starts at HomeB. Changing Our Habits Begins at WorkC. Changing Climate Sounds ReasonableD. Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult【参考答案】1-4 BCBA阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

湖北省黄冈市高考英语二轮复习阅读理解精练（7）湖北黄冈市2016高考英语阅读理解精练（7）2016高考模拟题。

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

We often smile at times. However, the meaning of a smile in different cultures may be different. Depending on different cultures, smiling can express joy and amusement, but it can also indicate embarrassment. The following examples show this point of view:In an attempt to be open and friendly, people in the United States smile a lot. Every one smiles at each other, this nonverbal communication shows being friendly in the United States. However，in China, smiling is not only an expression of happiness, but also a way to avoid being embarrassed. Chinese people like smiling when they are embarrassed in order to avoid embarrassment. Smiling is a kind of good will but not sneer（嘲笑）. For example: When a child falls off from a bike, the adults in China may smile, which is a kind of gentle encouragement and may not be a kind of impolite laugh.When a person from the United States might blush（脸红）with embarrassment or become offensive, a Chinese might blush with smile. To avoid serious misunderstanding, people who engage in intercultural communication should be able to understand the meaning of smiling appropriately. Related to the smile is the laugh. Also, different cultures have different meanings about laugh. For example, Americans can enjoy a very heartfelt belly (腹部) laugh that comes from the deepest emotions. However, most Chinese seldom laugh that waybecause they are thought to be silly except among close friends.1. We can use smile to express all of the following feelings except_________,A. joy and happinessB. amusementC. embarrassmentD. fear2. People often smile at each other in the United States because_________.A. they are very happyB. they want to show they are friendlyC. they want to hide their true feelingsD. they want to avoid embarrassment3. In China, seeing a child falls off a bike, an adult will smile in order to ________.A. laugh at himB. avoid his own embarrassmentC. avoid embarrassment and encourage the boyD. show his politeness4. What is mainly talked about in the passage?A. People smile at times.B. Smiling can express different feelings depending on different cultures.C. Americans are more open and friendly than Chinese people.D. The Chinese people often hide their true feelings.参考答案1—4、DBCB【阅读理解】科普知识类阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

专题13 【名词性从句】解题指导·触类旁通寻方法，求策略，掌握“套路”第一步：识别名词性从句的种类1．首先确定主句的谓语动词，确定主句的主谓结构；2．分析从句在主句中所充当的成分，确定从句所属类型：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。

第二步：分析从句结构，确定从句引导词确定从句的结构和意义是否完整，结合句意填写适当的连接词。

1．若从句结构完整，用从属连词：陈述事实用that；表示疑问“是否”用if或whether；2．若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语，则考虑用连接代词；3．若从句缺少状语，则用连接副词。

另外，还需注意一些特殊的引导词(if, whether, because, as if等)的用法及that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别。

技巧1 分析句子成分①缺少主语、宾语、表语：用连接代词what、 who、 whom、 which、 whatever等。

②缺少状语(结合句意判断)：用连接副词where(表地点)、 when(表时间)、 how(表方式)、why(表原因)等。

③不缺成分，句意不完整，缺少“是否”：用if/whether。

④不缺成分且句子意义完整：用that。

技巧2 结合句意和引导词的本义解题有些引导词在句中有很鲜明的意义，如if“是否”；whoever “无论谁”；whatever “无论什么”；whichever “无论哪一个(在范围中选择)”；because“因为”；why “为什么”等。

结合句意和语境，不难解决这类试题。

①that没有词义，也不作任何成分，当从句意义完整，不缺任何成分时用that。

②what在从句中表示“……的(东西)”，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。

考点突破·针对提能明考点，攻重难，有效提升考点一、主语从句1．主语从句的引导词引导词作用that, whether, if 只起连接作用，不在从句中作成分，但一般不可省略。

专题13 议论文体类阅读理解（解析版）议论文是英语中的重要文体，在每年的高考阅读理解中占有一定的比例。

议论文就是说理性的文章，一般由论点、论据和论证过程组成。

一、解题策略1. 议论文特点分析议论文都要提出论题、观点、提供充分的证据，使用一定的逻辑方法证明观点或得出结论。

议论文的写法通常有以下三种形式：写法一：正方(甲方)，反方(乙方)，我认为……写法二：提出问题，分析问题，解决问题。

写法三：论点，理由(证据)，重申论点。

议论文的内容涵盖文化、历史、文学、科学和教育等各个方面。

在这类体裁的文章中把握好论点、论据和论证很重要。

此类体裁的文章中有关主旨大意和推理判断的题目会较多，这也是得分比较难的题型。

在阅读这类文章的时候，我们要认真把握作者的态度，领悟弦外之音，从而更好地依据文章的事实做出合理的推断。

2. 能力培养1. 避免读得太快，做题靠印象和直觉。

(要求每一道题回到原文去找答案)2. 要先看题目，后读文章。

(与先读文章，后看题目的比较)高考材料阅读方法：先通读全文，重点读首段、各段的段首段尾句，然后其他部分可以略读，再审题定位，比较选项，选出答案。

要有把握文章的宏观结构、中心句的能力。

3. 阅读中需要特别注意并做记号的有：(1)标志类、指示类的信息。

①表示并列关系：and, also, coupled with等；②表示转折关系：but, yet, however, by contrast等；③表示因果关系：therefore, thereby, consequently, as a result等；④表示递进关系：in addition to, even, what’s more, furthermore等；⑤表示重要性的词：prime, above all, first等。

以上关键词有助于我们对文章逻辑结构的把握。

(2)具有感情色彩、显示作者态度的词：blind盲目的(贬), excessively过分的(贬), objective(客观)等。