西安市水资源可持续利用的探讨

水资源开发利用的可持续性策略研究水，是生命之源，是人类社会发展不可或缺的基础性自然资源。

然而，随着人口增长、经济发展和城市化进程的加速，水资源的供需矛盾日益突出，水资源短缺、水污染、水生态破坏等问题成为制约全球可持续发展的重要因素。

因此，研究水资源开发利用的可持续性策略，对于保障人类的生存和发展，实现经济、社会和环境的协调发展具有重要意义。

一、水资源开发利用的现状及问题（一）水资源短缺全球水资源分布不均，一些地区水资源丰富，而另一些地区则严重短缺。

在许多干旱和半干旱地区，水资源的供给远远无法满足需求。

同时，人口增长和经济发展导致用水量不断增加，进一步加剧了水资源的短缺状况。

（二）水污染严重工业废水、农业化肥和农药的使用、生活污水的排放等，使得大量水资源受到污染。

水污染不仅降低了水资源的质量，影响了其可利用性，还对生态环境和人类健康造成了严重威胁。

（三）水资源浪费在农业灌溉、工业生产和居民生活中，水资源的浪费现象普遍存在。

例如，农业灌溉中大水漫灌的方式导致水资源利用率低下；工业生产中一些企业缺乏节水措施，用水效率不高；居民生活中，用水习惯不良，如长流水等现象时有发生。

（四）水生态破坏水资源的过度开发和不合理利用，导致了水生态系统的破坏。

河流断流、湖泊萎缩、湿地减少、地下水位下降等问题日益严重，影响了水资源的涵养和生态服务功能。

二、水资源开发利用可持续性的重要意义（一）保障人类生存和发展水是人类生存的基本需求，确保水资源的可持续供应对于满足人们的生活用水、保障粮食安全、促进经济发展至关重要。

（二）维护生态平衡健康的水生态系统对于维持生物多样性、调节气候、净化水质等具有重要作用。

实现水资源开发利用的可持续性，有助于保护和修复水生态系统，维护生态平衡。

（三）促进经济可持续发展水资源是许多产业的重要生产要素，合理开发利用水资源可以提高产业的生产效率和竞争力，推动经济的可持续发展。

三、水资源开发利用的可持续性策略（一）加强水资源管理建立健全水资源管理制度，明确水资源的权属和管理职责，加强水资源的统一规划和调配。

陕西西安水质问题严重水资源保护任务重尊敬的读者：近年来，陕西省西安市的水质问题日益严重，水资源保护任务变得十分紧迫。

作为一座重要的历史名城，西安不仅是中国古代文明的发源地之一，也是众多游客向往之地。

然而，随着城市规模的不断扩大和人口的快速增加，水质问题成为了城市可持续发展的障碍。

本文将就西安市水质问题进行探讨，并提出一些可行的解决方案。

一、西安水质问题的现状1. 水源污染严重西安市的水源主要来自于渭河、灞河和引黄灌区的供水径流，而这些水源已经遭受了严重的污染。

由于渭河和灞河流域的工业废水、农业面源污染和生活污水排放量大，水质已经明显下降。

在引黄灌区，不合理的农业灌溉方式导致了农药、化肥等农业面源污染物的大量入侵，直接威胁到了水质安全。

2. 地下水超采问题突出随着城市工业和生活用水的快速增长，西安市的地下水超采问题日益突出。

长期高强度可持续开采导致地下水位下降，水质下降以及土壤沉降等一系列环境问题的出现。

这不仅对城市供水安全构成了严峻挑战，也给生态环境和人民群众的健康带来了威胁。

二、西安水资源保护的挑战1. 宏观层面的问题在水资源保护方面，西安市存在着宏观层面的问题。

首先，政策法规体系不够完善，相关措施和制度缺乏针对性和执行力度。

其次，水资源管理和保护缺乏统一指挥部署，相关部门分散、信息共享不畅，导致监管不到位。

最后，公众缺乏水资源保护意识和环境保护意识，水资源浪费现象普遍存在。

2. 技术应用和管理问题在技术应用和管理方面，西安市也面临一系列挑战。

首先，水资源监测和预警体系不够健全，对于水质变化和危害的及时发现和预警存在困难。

其次，水资源开发和利用中缺乏先进的节水技术和管理经验，浪费严重。

最后，现有的环境监测能力和执法力度有限，监管难度大。

三、西安水资源保护的对策1. 政策法规的制定和完善针对西安市水资源保护的现状和挑战，我们应该加强政策法规的制定和完善。

建立健全水资源管理法律法规体系，强化对违法行为的处罚力度。

西安市水资源情况1 自然与社会经济状况西安市是陕西省省会，世界著名的历史文化名城，是我国中西部地区重要的教育\国防科技工业和高新技术产业基地。

西安地处八百里秦川腹地，地质地貌有秦岭山区、骊山丘陵区、黄土台塬区及关中的渭河平原区，是陕西省粮、棉、油、瓜果、蔬菜生产的重要基地。

1.1自然地理概况1.1.1地理位置西安市位于关中平原腹地，八百里秦川中部的渭河两岸。

地理坐标北纬33°39′～34°45′，东经107°40′～109°49′，东西长204Km,南北最大宽约116Km，面积10108Km2。

地形南高北低，呈阶梯结构，从南向北依次排列着秦岭山地、黄土丘陵沟壑，黄土台塬、山前冲洪积扇，渭河及其支流冲击平原。

平原地区高程400m左右，黄土台塬区500～700m之间，浅山丘陵区500～1000m，秦岭中高山区800～3000m，秦岭山地是西安市水资源涵养区。

1.1.2气候概况西安市属于暖温带半干旱、半湿润大陆性季风气候。

全是多年平均气温为13.3℃，日照时数1684～2243h,平原区干旱指数为1.29～2，无霜期220d左右，最大冻土厚度为45cm。

西安市多年平均降水量为740.4mm，其中秦岭山区835.6mm,台塬区708.5mm，丘陵区700.1mm，平原区637.5mm，降水受地形影响明显，总趋势由北向南逐渐增加，最低值在渭北，关山站多年平均降水量515.7mm，最高值为秦岭山区960.3mm，相差近一倍。

降水量年内分布不均，多集中在7、8、9、10四个月，占全年总降水量60%以上，最高达77.1%。

蒸发量在地区分布上与降水量相反，变化趋势由北向南逐渐减少，平原区向山区递减。

1.1.3河流水系西安市区域地貌，98.43%的面积在黄河流域，1.57%面积在长江流域；西安市主要河流水系分布纵横交错，素有“八水绕长安”的美称。

市区东有灞河、浐河，南有潏河、滈河，西有皂河、沣河、涝河、黑河，北有渭河、泾河、石川河等，其中集水面积大于50Km2的河流40余条，大于1000Km2的河流有六条。

浅析西安市水资源现状与可持续发展
郭世兴
【期刊名称】《陕西水利水电技术》
【年(卷),期】2002(000)001
【摘要】西安市属严重缺水地区。

针对当前水环境恶化的主要问题，必须加快水源工程建设，加大对水污染治理力度，实行“两水统管”，优化配置，树立全民节水意识，建立节水型社会，保证水资源可持续利用，社会和经济可持续发展。

【总页数】3页(P11-13)
【作者】郭世兴
【作者单位】水利部陕西水利电力勘测设计研究院,西安710001
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】TV213.4
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因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

西安市再生水利用状况和对策研究摘要：本文在分析西安市再生水利用状况和存在问题的基础上，阐述了西安市再生水利用的可行性，最后提出推动西安市再生水利用的几点对策。

关键词：再生水利用；水资源；西安市0 引言西安市目前地表水资源总量为23.47亿立方米，全市人均水资源占有量不足325立方米，仅为陕西省人均占有量的1/4、全国人均占有量的1/8，远低于地区经济和社会发展所必须的人均1000立方米的临界值。

近年来，随着城市规模日益扩大，城市用水量日益增长，供需矛盾日趋凸显，为了缓解水资源的供需矛盾，陕西境内实施了一系列的“南水北调”工程，基本解决了目前的缺水状况，但根据长远规划来看，要实现西安国际化大都市的目标，还要进一步寻求稳定的水资源。

目前我国一些缺水城市和世界上许多面临着严重水危机的国家都在积极利用再生水，实践证明再生水具有不受气候影响，不与临近地区争水源，稳定可靠的特点，作为供水水源，在一定使用范围内是比较经济、可靠的，是解决城市缺水的重要途径之一。

1 西安市再生水利用状况近几年，西安市积极利用引导和示范投入手段，促进再生水资源的高效利用与合理开发，同时，于2012年制定并审批通过了《西安市城市污水处理及再生利用管理条例》。

以此为契机，西安市的再生水利用建设得到了较快的发展。

1.1再生水利用作为生态景观用水丰庆公园是我市第一家大面积大规模使用再生水作为生态景观用水的公园，位于公园中心位置的丰庆湖，湖面面积56亩，自2005年10月正式开园注入自来水后，湖水7年来没有换过，随着时间的推移，湖水浑浊，水质逐渐下降，自2012年10月起，公园从排水、清淤、冲洗，到引入再生水注入湖中，历时约2个月，将湖水由原来长期采用的自来水全部更换为再生水。

1.2 再生水利用作为生活杂用水西安思源学院是西安市环境保护局首家也是目前唯一一家被授予污水再生综合利用示范基地的单位。

目前，学院的教学楼、图书馆、学生宿舍等大小32栋建筑物、1000多间集体和单体的卫生间、48万平方米绿地以及清洗道路、建筑施工等全都用上了再生水，学院每年可节省自来水100多万立方米，节约资金300余万元。

促进水资源可持续利用共建人水和谐社会西安市黑河供水工程管理局邵革虎摘要：水资源不仅是资源环境安全问题，而且是关系到国家经济、社会可持续发展和长治久安的重大战略问题。

西安市是水资源严重短缺的城市。

目前，面临着水资源严重短缺、人为对水体的破坏严重等方面的问题。

也影响了城市经济的可持续发展及和谐社会建设。

因此，科学合理的调配和利用水资源，保障水资源持续稳步、安全，具有十分重要的现实意义和深远的历史意义。

本文主要分析了水资源与和谐社会的密切关系、水资源所面临的主要问题及其成因，在此基础上，提出了水资源的持续利用，保障水安全，促进和谐社会建设的主要对策和措施。

关键词：水资源持续利用水安全和谐社会按照《西安市国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划纲要》指导原则和发展目标，结合构建和谐社会的要求，扩大城乡就业，健全社会保障，调节收入分配，保障公共安全，促进社会事业全面发展……的具体要求，在十一五期间乃至今后相当长的一段时间内，水———将是制约西安发展的一个重要因素。

一、西安城市供水的现状西安市位于黄河流域中部关中盆地，北以陕甘黄土高原为边，秦岭山脉横旦于南，山脊海拔2000-2800ｍ，是我国北与南的分水岭。

渭河及其众多支流冲积形成了关中平原。

西安正处在关中平原的腹地，关中人的“母亲河”、黄河的最大支流——渭河横贯其中（陕西境内境长370 Km，其中西安境内长约150Km,年平均径流量53亿ｍ３）。

境内大部分河流属于黄河流域渭河水系（除秦岭南部汉江流域的胥水河，洵河以及直接流入黄河的南洛河外）。

西安市多年平均地表水资源量为21.78亿ｍ３，多年平均地下水资源量为17.27亿ｍ３，（扣除地表水和地下水之间的重复量12.39亿ｍ３），全市水资源总量为26.66亿ｍ３，按全市现有人口(2006年统计常住人口822.52万人)计算，人均占有地表水资源324ｍ３，不足全省的1/3，全国人均占有量的1/6和世界人均占有量的1/24，远远低于国际公认的维持一个地区可持续发展人均占有量1000ｍ３的临界值。

西安市水资源可持续利用的探讨（Discussion on Sustainable Utilization of water resources in Xi'an）Discussion on Sustainable Utilization of water resources in Xi'anFanchunxianShaanxi water conservancy and Electric Power Survey and Design Institute, Shaanxi, Xi'an 710001)Abstract: Xi'an is the central city in the west of China, the water shortage is serious, the contradiction between supply and demand is very prominent, water shortage has become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of economy and society. Based on the analysis of the current situation of water resources and water resources development and utilization in Xi'an City, this paper puts forward the reasonable and feasible development measures and Countermeasures to ensure the sustainable utilization of water resources.Key words: water resources; sustainable utilization; resource shortage; water resources protection; measuresWater is the source of life, water resources are irreplaceable natural resources, and it occupies an extremely important position in the sustainable development of social economy. The essence of sustainable utilization of water resources is to seek the coordination of water resources utilization, environmental protection and economic growth and socialdevelopment.Xi'an is the world-famous ancient capital of culture. It is the largest education, science and technology, industry and Commerce and tourism city in the the Yellow River River Basin. The urban area is 9983km22000. The total population of the city is 6 million 880 thousand. The water resources in Xi'an are extremely short, and the per capita water resources share is 316m3, which is only equivalent to 13% of the whole country. For a long time, the city relies on the single underground water supply, the groundwater is seriously over exploited, the groundwater level drops greatly, resulting in a series of environmental geological problems, such as land subsidence, building cracks and so on. The bell tower of the Ming Dynasty which symbolized the ancient civilization of Xi'an has sunk 395mm, and the wild goose pagoda in the Tang Dynasty tilts to the northwest in 1100mm. The situation is very grim. At the beginning of 1990s, the State Council approved the construction of Heihe water diversion project in Xi'an City, in 2002 after the completion of the project, the annual water supply of Xi'an city to 305 million m3, greatly easing the Xi'an city "water shortage" situation, but still can not meet the needs of the development of the city. According to the forecast, the total water demand of Xi'an in 2010 and 2030 was 3 billion 800 million m3 and 5 billion 100 million m3 respectively, while the water resources in the city was only 2 billion 666 million m3, and the water supply capacity was significantly less than the demand for water by economic and social development. Therefore, the optimal allocation of water resources, rational development and utilization of resources of water shortage in Xi'an is particularly important.General situation of water resources in Xi'an 11.1 total water resources1.1.1 river profileXi'an City, the river is mostly belongs to the the Yellow River River Basin of Weihe River, the city has a total of 54 large rivers, including the transit of 3 rivers, namely Weihe, Jinghe, ishikawa. Weihe is the largest tributary of the the Yellow River City, the length of 141km; Jinghe and Ishikawa river flows through the city's length were 8.5km and 30km. The rivers in Xi'an originate from the north foot of Qinling Mountains and the hills of Mount Li.1.1.2 water resourcesThe total amount of precipitation in Xi'an is 7 billion 420 million m3, and the amount of self-produced water is 2 billion 666 million m3, accounting for 36% of the precipitation. In the amount of self-produced water resources, the amount of surface water resources is 2 billion 178 million m3, the amount of groundwater resources is 1 billion 727 million m3, and the surface water and groundwater repetition is 1 billion 239 million m3. Xi'an city water off from Weihe, Jinghe, Ishikawa, whose values were 5 billion 570 million m3, 2 billion 66 million m3, 215 million m3, 7 billion 850 million m3 off the amount of water, add water off, the total amount of water resources in Xi'an city is 10 billion 520 million m3.Characteristics of 1.2 water resourcesThe temporal and spatial distribution of 1.2.1 water resources is unevenThe runoff in Xi'an is mainly formed by precipitation, which has the characteristics of uneven spatial and temporal distribution. From the time point of view, the interannual variation of precipitation is large, uneven distribution of the year, according to the statistical data of precipitation station Xiao village for 40 years, the average annual precipitation is 744mm, the maximum rainfall of 903.2mm (1983), the minimum precipitation is 312.2mm (1995), the maximum value is 2.89 times the minimum value of the year; the rainfall is concentrated in 6~9 months, four months precipitation accounted for about 57% of the annual precipitation. From the spatial distribution, the runoff is mainly distributed in the mountainous area, mountainous area accounts for 86.4% of the total runoff runoff; plain and tableland areas accounted for only 13.6%.1.2.2 is seriously polluted by waterWell, the river Meiyukou pH was 7.6~8.2, above the water, the total hardness is 51~146mg/l, salt 148~279 mg/l, basically reached the quality standard of class ii,Good water quality. The following into the Wei River mouth to Meiyukou dense population, serious water pollution, as the basic grade v.Weihe, Jinghe, Ishikawa river pollution is more prominent, the water quality of Weihe section of Xi'an has exceeded the class V, Jinghe, Ishikawa Ann West Water segment IV and V respectively. The pollution of water quality in Weihe directly affects the groundwater in coastal Xi'an city. At present, the area of groundwater pollution in urban and suburban areas of Xi'an is more than 470km2, of which the heavy pollution area has reached 130 km2, the main pollutants are fluoride, arsenic, six valent cadmium and other toxic substances.The water pollution in Xi'an is very serious. The pollution is spreading from the city to the countryside, from the surface to the underground, and from the region to the river basin. The water pollution aggravates the water shortage in the city.Present situation and existing problems of water resources development and utilization in 2Development and utilization of water resources in 2.1Present situation of 2.1.1 water supply project facilities(1) groundwater supply projectIn 2000, there were 211 water supply wells in Xi'an, and the water supply capacity was 420 thousand m3/d.(2) surface water supply projectIn 1986, Chan River built surface water regulation project, water supply capacity of 3~12 million m3/d. Before and after1996 in Xi'an city water supply is extremely difficult circumstances, the provincial government decided to Shibianyu, Feng Yu, Tian Yu, black Valley and stone river into Xi'an, the ability of water supply facilities for 60m3/d. Heihe water diversion project in Xi'an city in 2002 after the completion of the Heihe water supply capacity of the system is 1 million 100 thousand m3/d (including Shibianyu, Feng Yu, Tian Yu, black Valley and stone river water supply capacity of 60m3/d).2.1.2 water supply capacityIn 2000, the water supply capacity of Xi'an city was 105~114 million m3/d, of which the groundwater supply was 420 thousand m3/d, the surface water supply was 62~72 million m3/d, and the water supply population was 2 million 277 thousand people.Built in 2002 in Heihe Jinpen Reservoir, surface water supply capacity of 113~122 million m3/d, considering the water supply capacity of underground water decreases by 3%, the water supply capacity of groundwater is 400 thousand m3/d, the actual water supply capacity of the city center area of 153~162 million m3/d.Current water consumption of 2.1.3In 2000, the urban water consumption of Xi'an was 1 million 650 thousand m3/d, and the total water consumption was 601 million m3, including 264 million m3 of domestic water, 337 million m3 of industrial water, and 50~60 m3/d of water shortage.In 2002, the urban central water consumption was 1 million 930 thousand m3/d, the total water consumption was 703 million m3,and water shortage was still 30~40 m3/d.Problems in the development and utilization of 2.2 water resources2.2.1 is seriously deficient in water resources and backward in water utilization processXi'an is the core of economic development in Guanzhong region, and also the key to Shaanxi's economic take-off. Population is dense and water shortage is serious. According to the city's land, population, per capita water volume is 491m3/ mu, the per capita water resources for 316m3/, respectively, the global water resources per mu of 26% and 21%, the per capita water resources in 13% and 4%, the amount of water per capita is far below the international absolute lack of water 500 M3 that is a shortage of water resources in the city. From the situation of Shaanxi Province, the Guanzhong area accounts for 57.9% of the province's population, and the water resources is only 18.4% of the province. Water shortage has become the bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of the cities along the coast of Weihe". In addition, most of the enterprises in Xi'an city is an old enterprise, obsolete equipment, backward technology, water reuse rate is low, the thermal power industry, water reuse rate of 90% or more, other industries were around 40%, lower township enterprises, industrial water quota high advanced area. On the other hand, Guanzhong irrigation has a long history, most of the irrigation areas are old irrigation areas, the project is in disrepair, the water loss is large, the average canal utilization coefficient is less than 0.7, and the irrigation water use coefficient is only about 0.53 in largeirrigation districts. In recent years, water saving measures have been strengthened, and irrigation water quota has been greatly reduced, but it is still in a high level throughout the country.2.2.2 surface water pollution is serious, affecting groundwater, Weihe water environment protection crisisWeihe is the mother river of Shaanxi people, runs through the Guanzhong Plain, along the coast of Baoji, Xianyang, Xi'an, Tongchuan, Weinan and other large and medium-sized cities, population concentration, industrial development.The lack of water resources, water pollution and sediment deposition in the Sanmenxia reservoir area have seriously restricted the sustainable development of economy in Xi'an and Guanzhong areas.In the past ten years, the amount of water in Weihe has decreased year by year. The water quantity in the section of Lin village in Weihe in 1997 is only 402 million m3, which is the worst value in 50 years. Huaxian section has appeared for three consecutive days off phenomenon. The sharp decline in water consumption has made urban life and industrial and agricultural water use extremely tight, and ecological water use has become more scarce. At present, the economic development of Guanzhong City is maintained by over exploitation of groundwater and sacrifice of ecological water. At the same time, Weihe as the only sewage channel in Guanzhong area, along the city to accept a large number of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, with the development of economy, the amount of sewage sewage emissionsincreased year by year, in 2000 reached 9.29 tons, is 3 times that of 80s. The decrease of water quantity and the increase of sewage discharge in Weihe have led to a sharp deterioration of water quality. The lower reaches of Baoji gorge are all water quality of class V and beyond, which basically lost the function of water use.The main sources of water supply along the coast of Weihe are groundwater exploitation along the river, and the pollution of surface water has spread to groundwater, which seriously affects the people's life and health.2.2.3 groundwater overdraft, environmental geological problems highlightedAfter entering 80s, groundwater exploitation in Xi'an increased rapidly, the largest mining capacity of 700 thousand m3/d, 140 thousand M3, over exploitation of groundwater, the groundwater level continued to decline the city area, a large range of funnel, subsidence and other environmental geological problems. Southeast groundwater depth decreased from 30m to 50~80m, the depth of 137m, the formation of Feng, Ba, Chan, Wei, soap five large funnel, appeared in the Northeast suburbs of Southern Xiao Zhai Hu Jiamiao, big wild goose pagoda, Southeast, southwest suburb of Shapo, four settlement center Northwestern University. The ground subsidence area of the city reached 162km22000, and more than 100 buildings were destroyed in varying degrees.3. Measures and Countermeasures for sustainable utilization of water resources3.1, do a good job of water-saving planning, take practical measures to achieve water-saving goalsIn view of the current situation of water scarcity in Xi'an and the actual situation of urban development, the urban water saving is mainly considered from the following aspectsIndustrial water saving:Industrial water consumption accounts for a large proportion of urban water consumption, and it is the key point of urban water saving. Water saving is mainly achieved by combining technical measures and administrative measures, and the specific measures are as follows:(1) adopting administrative measures to promote industrial water savingBy adjusting the industrial structure, the industrial layout will develop in a reasonable direction. Strict water licensing examination and approval system, the new construction, reconstruction and expansion of the project must be carried out water resources demonstration, while supporting the corresponding water-saving measures.(2) increase the reuse rate of waterIncreasing the reuse rate of water is an important measure to reduce water consumption and discharge capacity. The cooling water and air conditioning water should be recycled as much aspossible, and the process water and other water should be reused as much as possible.(3) popularize water saving equipment, improve production process, reduce water consumption in productionWater saving in urban life: measures to reduce water loss in pipe network, popularize water-saving appliances, strengthen planned water use, advocate water use, eliminate waste and so on.Agricultural irrigation water saving: through irrigation area water-saving transformation, improve water resources utilization rate, adjust the planting structure of crops, strengthen irrigation water management, promote newwater-saving irrigation technology and other measures to achieve water-saving irrigation.Through the above measures, by 2010, the water saving in Xi'an can increase by 85 million m3.3.2, promote the pace of sewage recycling, speed up the construction of sewage treatment plantsWastewater treatment and reuse can not only reduce pollution, but also increase water supply and alleviate the contradiction of water shortage. Xi'an city sewage emissions of more than 1 million m3, plan in 2010 to build four sewage treatment plants, the daily processing capacity of a total of 600 thousand m3/d, sewage treatment can increase 210 million m3 of water, sewage after treatment respectively for city greening, parks, riversand municipal use and living water etc..3.3 through engineering measures to achieve sustainable use of water resourcesFrom the regional distribution of water resources in Shaanxi, the amount of surface water resources in Guanzhong area is 7 billion 370 million m3, and that of Southern Shaanxi is 312.500 million m3, the surface water resources in southern Shaanxi is 4.24 times of Guanzhong area. From the population and arable land distribution, Guanzhong area population and arable land accounted for 57.9% and 49.4% of the province, Shaanxi province accounted for only 24.6% and 19.4% of the province. Visible, uneven distribution of water resources and population, arable land. On the one hand, the water resources in Guanzhong area are seriously short of water, the social and economic development relies on the exploitation of groundwater and the ecological water; on the other hand, the water resources in southern Shaanxi can not be rationally utilized. In order to realize the sustainable utilization of water resources and promote the optimal allocation of water resources, the experts have repeatedly demonstrated and compared the water resources planning scheme of Shaanxi, and put forward the south to North Water Diversion Project, which has three lines. The project of the YINHONGJISHI water diversion project, is a tributary of the Hanjiang River Baohe River upstream through the Qinling Mountains Hongyan river tunnel into the stone river, diversion of water 94 million m3, the total investment of 598 million yuan. Dry stone Ji - cited the East Route Project of water diversion project, will you dry river through Qinling Mountains JianghanBranch tunnel in Xi'an Shibianyu reservoir, in water 49 million 430 thousand M3, the total investment of 200 million yuan. The project of diverting water from Hanjiang to Weihe River is the largest project in the three South to North Water Diversion project. The project is the construction of Three Gorge reservoir, gold river reservoir built on the river in the meridional tributary Hanjiang River, through the gorge, three gold river reservoir dispatching, the Hanjiang River water from the three through the Qinling Mountains river reservoir water diversion in Heihe, diversion of water 1 billion 500 million m3, the total investment of 7 billion 800 million yuan. The project was implemented by stages, and three estuary reservoir was built before 2010. The water transfer capacity was 500 million m32010, and the remaining works were completed after 2000 years.After the implementation of the above water transfer project, the water quantity can be adjusted to 948 million m3 in 2010; after the completion of the project, the water transfer capacity reaches 1 billion 648 million m3. The implementation of water diversion project, to solve the shortage of water resources, improve the water environment in Weihe, promote the Guanzhong Economic Development will play an extremely important role, is the optimal allocation of water resources, rational development and utilization and important measures to realize the sustainable utilization of water resources inXi'an.3.4, strengthen the protection of water resources in Weihe, improve the water environment, improve water functionAt present, the water pollution in Baoji gorge below Weihe is very serious. The key to protect water resources in Weihe lies in the prevention and control of pollution. Industrial pollution should be reduced by adjusting the industrial structure, implementing cleaner production technology, reducing the amount of waste water discharge, implementing the total amount control of pollutants, increasing the law enforcement efforts and other measures to reduce the waste water discharge. Urban sewage should be controlled by centralized treatment and decentralized treatment to speed up the construction of waste water treatment facilities and other measures to control the discharge of waste water. In addition, it is also an important measure to protect water resources, improve water environment and improve water function by optimizing water resources allocation, increasing river water supply, strengthening river channel dilution and self purification ability.***[JimiSoft: Unregistered Software ONLY Convert Part Of File! Read Help To Know How To Register.]***。