剑桥雅思单词频率表

词频指一个单词在每百万词中出现的频率。

本词频表共9861词，名次单词词频1 the 617872 be 439523 to 322604 and 272645 a 236486 of 235967 in 231298 i 162509 it 1514710 we 1357811 have 1225412 that 1068713 can 968514 for 921915 you 897016 they 856517 people 788018 do 762019 on 705620 my 686721 so 643722 but 623123 will 599924 he 594225 make 555726 as 547427 more 545228 not 531029 this 518730 way 505231 job 495232 some 490633 our 480434 with 459835 all 450436 their 447537 water 440238 at 435539 time 435240 there 415142 one 396143 very 395644 life 392145 get 387646 many 376947 when 376748 his 357049 know 354550 good 348651 think 346952 go 345953 by 344554 if 334355 or 328756 work 310857 country 307958 like 305359 because 303960 them 301961 other 297762 should 280463 student 280364 year 277265 me 271566 world 270967 say 264168 fresh 263669 must 260870 thing 259771 conjurer 258572 day 258473 us 254674 study 248575 which 243176 society 237977 take 236178 about 234079 use 229280 what 227981 only 224282 find 222383 age 221684 your 212086 much 204787 change 201588 up 200189 learn 196590 school 196491 she 196492 china 196393 develop 195794 man 194495 after 193996 no 191697 first 189098 out 187499 then 1840100 most 1832101 english 1791 102 who 1779103 new 1748104 come 1704105 than 1684106 her 1677107 how 1655108 fake 1654109 would 1641 110 well 1637111 two 1631112 waste 1627113 id 1604114 commodity 1598 115 live 1571116 teacher 1571 117 money 1564 118 lot 1523119 into 1508120 old 1492121 kind 1470122 see 1468123 great 1467124 now 1462125 long 1432126 important 1414 127 festival 1404 128 don 1397130 even 1356131 become 1323 132 friend 1311 133 help 1303134 example 1294 135 read 1291136 may 1289137 haste 1284138 every 1280139 him 1277140 euthanasia 1273 141 such 1267142 health 1241 143 family 1233 144 title 1218145 hard 1209146 always 1196 147 score 1191148 best 1169149 problem 1157 150 better 1154151 feel 1153152 need 1141153 too 1137154 chinese 1134 155 look 1134156 death 1131157 word 1123158 woman 1122 159 could 1113160 before 1107 161 just 1088162 outside 1087 163 practice 1064 164 view 1063165 patient 1060 166 often 1058167 same 1058168 campus 1042 169 play 1041170 knowledge 1039 171 mean 1029172 still 1017174 home 974175 something 946 176 tell 931177 try 927178 second 924179 hand 922180 college 910181 book 902182 university 901 183 child 900184 little 900185 right 900186 class 882187 different 881 188 happy 870189 place 842190 development 834 191 without 833 192 reason 829193 increase 819 194 person 787195 infant 780196 why 776197 any 774198 begin 769199 interest 768200 order 767201 write 767202 keep 765203 part 763204 while 758205 fact 757206 over 755207 shortage 751 208 another 750209 bad 744210 high 744211 hope 740212 eat 738213 river 737214 put 731215 back 714216 today 714217 mortality 712 218 expectancy 709 219 its 708220 buy 705221 food 698222 however 695 223 night 693224 improve 692 225 tv 690226 bring 689227 pay 679228 ask 675229 gain 673230 mother 672 231 let 665232 face 655233 government 655 234 again 652235 through 651 236 enough 649 237 each 643238 law 643239 kill 642240 computer 635 241 beautiful 628 242 crime 628243 since 627244 die 626245 perfect 620 246 hop 617247 down 614248 i'm 610249 hear 609250 though 609 251 human 602 252 big 598253 call 596254 moon 596255 young 595256 leave 592257 eye 587258 course 578259 end 575260 love 575261 late 572262 finish 571263 result 559264 build 555265 run 555266 cause 554267 condition 543 268 quickly 542 269 everyone 541 270 future 541 271 father 540 272 own 538273 house 536 274 morning 534 275 lose 533276 spend 533 277 sport 533278 boy 531279 never 525280 turn 524281 situation 522 282 step 519283 short 517284 birth 516285 saw 513286 soon 511287 listen 509288 teach 509289 girl 508290 rain 507291 autumn 505 292 talk 503293 show 502294 three 501295 watch 500 296 speak 497297 once 496298 factory 494 299 social 494 300 themselves 494 301 usually 494 302 population 492 303 remember 492 304 walk 488306 sometimes 487 307 both 486308 mind 480309 holiday 479 310 suffer 479 311 newspaper 476 312 full 471313 experience 469 314 dear 468315 nowadays 466 316 chance 465 317 large 463318 enjoy 460 319 equal 460320 band 459321 everything 458 322 global 458 323 city 457324 criminal 456 325 during 450 326 really 447 327 several 443 328 whole 442 329 few 441330 language 439 331 legalize 438 332 week 436333 graduate 432 334 shop 432335 save 429336 around 428 337 necessary 428 338 opinion 427 339 open 426340 harm 422341 medical 422 342 here 421343 success 421 344 fast 420345 happen 420 346 system 419 347 smoke 418 348 ability 415350 industry 411 351 street 411352 science 409 353 dream 407 354 lead 404355 understand 404 356 nature 403 357 easy 402358 pain 400359 question 400 360 nothing 396 361 per 394362 win 393363 body 392364 ever 392365 parent 392 366 spring 391 367 away 389368 between 388 369 mid 388370 case 386371 story 386372 choose 384 373 middle 384 374 seem 383375 someone 383 376 pass 381377 hold 380378 together 380 379 less 379380 pollution 378 381 poor 377382 answer 375 383 heart 375384 mercy 375 385 serious 372 386 swim 372387 clothe 369 388 lesson 368 389 stand 368390 realize 362 391 sunny 361 392 exercise 359394 strong 358 395 technology 358 396 doctor 356 397 room 356398 paper 354399 sunday 354 400 true 354401 maybe 353 402 meet 351403 black 349404 please 348 405 respect 348 406 war 348407 activity 346 408 care 346409 set 346410 etc 345411 idea 345412 small 345413 brother 344 414 field 344415 skill 344416 economy 341 417 modern 341 418 sit 338419 progress 337 420 although 336 421 wish 336422 train 335423 tree 335424 prison 334 425 ago 331426 attention 331 427 especially 331 428 traditional 331 429 yours 329430 stay 328431 miss 327432 peter 327433 company 326 434 send 326435 point 325436 above 324438 past 323439 protect 322 440 therefore 322 441 ill 321442 secondly 321 443 thank 321 444 follow 320 445 quite 320 446 abroad 316 447 boat 316448 decide 316 449 rich 316450 where 316 451 next 314452 finally 313 453 fire 313454 matter 313 455 accord 312 456 earth 312 457 name 311 458 almost 310 459 grow 310 460 practise 310 461 stop 309462 fit 305463 pollute 304 464 month 303 465 under 303 466 benefit 302 467 game 302 468 present 302 469 didn 301 470 forget 297 471 wait 297472 flower 296 473 couldn 294 474 healthy 294 475 far 293476 classmate 292 477 fall 291478 match 291 479 deal 290480 term 290482 four 289483 afternoon 288 484 clean 288485 control 288486 real 288487 limit 287488 receive 287489 useful 287490 worry 287491 evil 286492 fight 286493 myself 285494 side 285495 letter 284496 medicine 283 497 prepare 283 498 cry 282499 himself 282 500 market501 catch 280502 policy 280503 prevent 280 504 thus 280505 soldier 279506 test 279507 saturday 277 508 third 277509 d 276510 accept 275511 football 275 512 number 275 513 army 272514 plant 272515 visit 269516 economic 268 517 environment 267 518 low 265519 whether 264 520 instead 263521 solve 263522 ten 263523 history 261524 half 260526 anything 258 527 provide 258 528 bed 257529 produce 257 530 against 255 531 lantern 255 532 i'll 254533 punish 254 534 reform 253 535 plan 252536 door 251537 master 251 538 move 251539 hospital 250 540 period 250541 radio 250542 reach 249543 service 249 544 wrong 249545 table 248546 break 247547 serve 247548 bus 246549 carefully 246 550 level 246551 off 245552 possible 245 553 decrease 242 554 yuan 240555 early 239556 firstly 239557 information 239 558 suddenly 239 559 professor 238 560 son 238561 fruit 236562 afraid 235563 air 235564 emperor 235 565 sing 235566 television 235 567 ourselves 233 568 member 232570 daily 231571 grind 231572 relative 230 573 base 228574 song 228575 trouble 228 576 relationship 226 577 state 226578 wonderful 226 579 drink 225580 hour 225581 common 224 582 degree 224 583 free 224584 rise 224585 succeed 224 586 tom 224587 disease 222 588 light 221589 worker 221 590 join 220591 road 220592 rather 219593 tire 219594 sleep 217595 enter 216596 head 216597 homework 216 598 offer 216599 energy 215 600 guangzhou 215 601 until 215602 dragon 214 603 greatly 214 604 importance 214 605 power 213606 quality 213 607 sentence 213 608 celebrate 212 609 exam 212610 perhaps 212 611 speed 212612 wear 212614 advance 210 615 car 210616 lunar 210617 punishment 210 618 smile 210619 department 209 620 busy 208621 summer 208 622 various 208 623 besides 206 624 commit 206 625 effort 206626 special 206 627 clear 205628 effect 205629 position 205 630 dec 204631 minute 204 632 fail 203633 hurry 203634 regard 203 635 burden 202 636 certain 202 637 form 202638 include 202 639 lie 202640 near 202641 winter 202 642 excite 200643 hundred 200 644 six 200645 choice 198 646 wall 198647 public 197648 reduce 197 649 basketball 196 650 challenge 196 651 natural 196 652 round 196653 area 195654 carry 194655 close 194656 cost 194658 june 194659 prove 194660 invention 193 661 five 191662 laugh 191663 london 191664 subject 191 665 text 191666 party 190667 white 190668 act 189669 continue 189 670 sea 189671 surprise 189 672 everyday 188 673 rest 188674 advantage 187 675 along 187676 difficulty 187 677 jack 187678 heavy 186679 value 186680 opportunity 185 681 require 185 682 able 183683 cake 183684 examination 183 685 rule 183686 already 182 687 happiness 182 688 resource 182 689 window 182 690 cold 181691 main 181692 mark 181693 music 181694 addition 180 695 among 180696 concern 180 697 group 180698 card 179699 front 179700 sell 179702 dance 178703 major 178704 race 177705 leavers 176 706 popular 176 707 red 176708 doesn 175709 easily 174710 haven 174711 shall 174712 bright 173713 foot 173714 everybody 172 715 reward 171 716 aspect 170717 everywhere 170 718 glad 170719 jump 170720 oh 170721 park 170722 born 169723 isn 169724 role 169725 actually 168 726 draw 168727 start 168728 team 168729 weather 168 730 bicycle 167 731 sky 167732 thousand 167 733 business 165 734 force 165735 hit 165736 legal 165737 murder 165 738 support 165 739 military 164 740 rid 164741 contrary 163 742 notice 163743 sorry 163744 sound 163746 aim 162747 cheat 162748 green 162749 hometown 162 750 classroom 161 751 exist 161752 method 161 753 might 161754 n 161755 achievement 160 756 lake 160757 measure 159 758 product 159 759 sense 159760 tall 159761 action 158762 depend 158763 cannot 157764 normal 157765 imagination 156 766 satisfy 156767 consumer 155 768 mistake 155 769 office 155770 character 154 771 raise 154772 floor 153773 institute 153 774 picture 153775 american 152 776 harmful 152 777 treatment 152 778 warm 152779 cover 151780 dinner 151781 hill 151782 o'clock 151783 process 151 784 active 150785 professional 150 786 animal 149787 cigarette 148 788 peace 148790 return 147791 article 146792 spirit 146793 achieve 145 794 deep 145795 factor 145796 nation 145797 sun 145798 agree 144799 century 144 800 drop 144801 further 144802 material 144 803 meeting 144 804 moment 143 805 otherwise 143 806 practical 143 807 yourself 143 808 avoid 142809 friendship 142 810 moreover 142 811 feminist 141 812 baby 140813 lack 140814 truth 140815 wash 140816 competition 139 817 fly 139818 grade 139819 imagine 139 820 land 139821 standard 139 822 apply 138823 contribution 138 824 devote 138825 expect 138826 struggle 138 827 suitable 138 828 travel 138829 hot 136830 impossible 136 831 machine 136 832 yet 136834 cook 135835 drive 135836 encourage 135 837 equality 135 838 rush 135839 recent 134840 weekend 134 841 forward 133 842 furthermore 133 843 treat 133844 allocate 132 845 e 132846 fear 132847 piece 132848 report 132849 instance 131 850 national 131 851 percent 131 852 plenty 130853 prefer 130854 sight 130855 thirty 130856 attend 129857 being 129858 fat 128859 nearly 128860 physical 128 861 rapidly 128 862 scientist 128 863 sister 128864 theory 128865 throw 128866 earn 127867 playground 127 868 reunion 127 869 root 127870 habit 126871 sad 126872 telephone 126 873 voice 126874 wife 126875 amount 125 876 conclusion 125877 husband 125878 july 125879 successful 125 880 understanding 125 881 appointment 124 882 yes 124883 bike 123884 certainly 123885 difference 123 886 fill 122887 purpose 122888 touch 122889 ball 121890 cure 121891 dumpling 121 892 eight 121893 individual 121 894 key 121895 program 121896 upon 121897 yesterday 121 898 restaurant 120 899 birthday 119900 cut 119901 else 119902 god 119903 least 118904 simple 118905 thirdly 118906 add 117907 correct 117908 establish 117909 request 117910 source 117911 box 116912 illness 116913 britain 115914 contribute 115 915 lunch 115916 noise 115917 o 115918 angry 114919 financial 114920 comfortable 113922 create 113923 defeat 113924 destroy 113 925 experiment 113 926 magazine 113 927 novel 113928 tennis 113929 diet 112930 hurt 112931 influence 112 932 leaf 112933 programme 112 934 rice 112935 sir 112936 western 112 937 dark 111938 i've 111939 ancient 110 940 constantly 110 941 slowly 110 942 arrive 109943 mention 109 944 stable 109945 steal 109946 america 108 947 culture 108 948 except 108 949 fifth 108950 friday 108951 general 108 952 generally 108 953 release 108 954 sincerely 107 955 task 107956 wind 107957 blue 106958 dangerous 106 959 precious 106 960 relax 106961 whatever 106 962 admire 105 963 delicious 105 964 nice 105966 freely 104967 garden 104 968 obtain 104 969 basic 103970 christmas 103 971 incurable 103 972 library 103 973 observe 103 974 stick 103975 type 103976 wide 103977 behind 102 978 fine 102979 neighbour 102 980 strange 102 981 surely 102 982 tomorrow 102 983 address 101 984 police 101 985 august 100 986 dirty 100987 dress 100988 exchange 100 989 hate 100990 medium 100 991 self 100992 vegetable 100 993 careful 99994 familiar 99 995 immediately 99 996 lovely 99997 mr. 99998 probably 99 999 ready 99 1000 soil 991001 traffic 99 1002 art 981003 desire 98 1004 mountain 98 1005 rate 981006 share 98 1007 terrible 98 1008 towards 981010 trip 981011 burn 971012 citizen 971013 happily 97 1014 hunter 971015 improvement 97 1016 province 97 1017 suit 971018 advertisement 96 1019 excellent 96 1020 explain 96 1021 frequently 96 1022 suppose 96 1023 wealth 961024 armchair 95 1025 beside 951026 doubt 951027 john 951028 shoe 951029 somebody 95 1030 strict 951031 cancer 941032 deeply 941033 disadvantage 94 1034 effective 94 1035 hardly 941036 ideal 941037 leader 941038 wells 941039 daughter 93 1040 due 931041 escape 931042 freedom 93 1043 gate 931044 ordinary 93 1045 salary 931046 seven 931047 station 931048 sweet 931049 uncle 931050 bit 921051 cloth 921052 farmer 921054 i'd 921055 joy 921056 m 921057 mass 921058 pleasure 92 1059 transportation 92 1060 u 921061 wonder 92 1062 clearly 911063 completely 91 1064 desk 911065 gradually 91 1066 grammar 91 1067 grasp 911068 post 911069 price 911070 rapid 911071 tear 911072 automatically 90 1073 goal 901074 knock 901075 luck 901076 quick 901077 recently 90 1078 seriously 90 1079 shape 901080 willing 90 1081 crop 891082 duty 891083 forever 89 1084 graduation 89 1085 line 891086 manage 89 1087 meal 891088 quiet 891089 adapt 881090 beat 881091 c 881092 cat 881093 demand 88 1094 mainly 88 1095 obviously 88 1096 phenomenon 881098 record 88 1099 shout 88 1100 top 881101 aware 87 1102 building 87 1103 concept 87 1104 favorite 87 1105 film 87 1106 jane 87 1107 select 87 1108 till 871109 whenever 87 1110 marx 86 1111 political 86 1112 south 86 1113 supper 86 1114 bank 85 1115 clever 85 1116 confidence 85 1117 depress 85 1118 express 85 1119 hasten 85 1120 pick 85 1121 primary 85 1122 sixty 85 1123 store 85 1124 twenty 85 1125 welcome 85 1126 agony 84 1127 bag 841128 contain 84 1129 educate 84 1130 forty 84 1131 itself 84 1132 maintain 84 1133 remain 84 1134 danger 83 1135 disappear 83 1136 fist 831137 glass 83 1138 ignore 83 1139 million 83 1140 perform 831142 shoot 83 1143 trust 83 1144 unit 831145 unite 83 1146 arm 821147 cloudy 82 1148 custom 82 1149 enterprise 82 1150 lady 82 1151 lay 821152 marry 82 1153 shouldn 82 1154 widely 82 1155 customer 81 1156 helpful 81 1157 humanity 81 1158 judge 81 1159 mouth 81 1160 reasonable 81 1161 research 81 1162 suggest 81 1163 survive 81 1164 sydney 81 1165 anyone 80 1166 apple 80 1167 beyond 80 1168 calendar 80 1169 dignity 80 1170 failure 80 1171 galileo 80 1172 lonely 80 1173 opium 80 1174 rehabilitate 80 1175 september 80 1176 strength 80 1177 ticket 80 1178 average 79 1179 dead 79 1180 dog 791181 eager 79 1182 essential 79 1183 knife 79 1184 lucky 791186 peaceful 79 1187 prolong 79 1188 usual 791189 advice 78 1190 allow 781191 bear 781192 electricity 78 1193 extensively 78 1194 industrial 78 1195 october 78 1196 ought 781197 production 78 1198 sugar 781199 tend 781200 valuable 78 1201 accident 77 1202 beijing 77 1203 convenient 77 1204 engage 77 1205 expensive 77 1206 extend 77 1207 indicate 77 1208 literature 77 1209 loss 771210 sum 771211 affect 761212 atmosphere 76 1213 b 761214 career 761215 circumstance 76 1216 hang 761217 plane 761218 t 761219 translation 76 1220 youth 761221 breakfast 75 1222 dare 751223 date 751224 farm 751225 hair 751226 humane 75 1227 issue 751228 movement 751230 physically 75 1231 reality 751232 terminally 75 1233 upset 751234 climb 741235 composition 74 1236 corner 741237 crowd 741238 cruel 741239 greet 741240 guilty 741241 legalization 74 1242 maths 741243 ring 741244 appreciate 73 1245 dictionary 73 1246 enemy 73 1247 final 731248 income 73 1249 moon-cakes 73 1250 profit 731251 alone 721252 attitude 72 1253 aunt 721254 bore 721255 communicate 72 1256 forest 721257 monday 72 1258 p 721259 painful 72 1260 strike 721261 topic 721262 victim 721263 whose 721264 aren 711265 attract 711266 chair 711267 guess 711268 insist 711269 king 711270 memory 71 1271 mental 71 1272 nervous 711274 official 71 1275 physics 71 1276 principle 71 1277 taste 711278 anxious 70 1279 bird 701280 brain 701281 damage 70 1282 grandma 70 1283 obey 701284 ok 701285 rainy 701286 regret 701287 religion 70 1288 yellow 70 1289 cousin 691290 dad 691291 guide 691292 performance 69 1293 ride 691294 single 691295 smoker 69 1296 stage 691297 tea 691298 wednesday 69 1299 abuse 681300 agriculture 68 1301 celebration 68 1302 detail 681303 fun 681304 gather 681305 impressive 68 1306 innocent 68 1307 sick 681308 adopt 671309 afford 671310 cave 671311 compilation 67 1312 cool 671313 crusoe 671314 entertainment 67 1315 international 67 1316 mutual 671318 relation 671319 thief 671320 weak 671321 consist 661322 courage 661323 discover 66 1324 indeed 661325 metre 661326 nobody 661327 relief 661328 scene 661329 severe 661330 star 661331 unemployment 66 1332 useless 661333 colorful 651334 content 651335 court 651336 decision 65 1337 foundation 65 1338 germany 65 1339 inside 651340 introduce 65 1341 mar 651342 palace 651343 poet 651344 seat 651345 senior 651346 survey 651347 egg 641348 hide 641349 ice 641350 invent 641351 labour 641352 moral 641353 pursue 641354 seldom 641355 vacation 64 1356 available 63 1357 badly 631358 brave 631359 bridge 631360 cheap 631362 favourite 63 1363 invite 631364 recognize 63 1365 seek 631366 wake 631367 west 631368 bitterly 62 1369 boss 621370 childhood 62 1371 connect 62 1372 generation 62 1373 involve 62 1374 iraq 621375 praise 621376 promise 62 1377 responsibility 62 1378 snow 621379 belong 61 1380 february 61 1381 grandpa 61 1382 harvest 61 1383 january 61 1384 latter 611385 meanwhile 61 1386 patriotism 61 1387 personal 61 1388 president 61 1389 quietly 61 1390 unhappy 61 1391 highly 601392 push 601393 symbol 60 1394 worth 601395 across 591396 charge 591397 colour 591398 dull 591399 event 591400 extreme 59 1401 fair 591402 friendly 59 1403 gift 591404 oil 591406 proper 591407 safe 591408 sign 591409 smash 591410 statistic 591411 william 591412 comatose 58 1413 concentrate 58 1414 determine 58 1415 drug 581416 endless 581417 existence 58 1418 inhumane 58 1419 leg 581420 occupy 581421 relieve 581422 singer 581423 status 581424 wouldn 581425 communication 57 1426 ear 571427 figure 571428 firm 571429 lawyer 571430 meat 571431 mine 571432 peasant 571433 perfectly 57 1434 player 571435 promote 571436 torture 571437 arrange 561438 boredom 56 1439 current 561440 disappoint 56 1441 former 561442 function 561443 scientific 56 1444 seed 561445 style 561446 successfully 56 1447 technique 56 1448 wallet 561450 bottle 551451 capital 551452 divide 551453 elephant 55 1454 employment 55 1455 environmental 55 1456 forbid 551457 overcome 55 1458 owe 551459 pull 551460 regulation 55 1461 responsible 55 1462 theoretical 55 1463 throughout 55 1464 totally 551465 admit 541466 adult 541467 ahead 541468 april 541469 chemistry 54 1470 construction 54 1471 decline 541472 hunt 541473 joke 541474 lion 541475 mankind 54 1476 mary 541477 prisoner 54 1478 proverb 54 1479 rage 541480 calm 531481 complain 53 1482 efficient 53 1483 examine 53 1484 herself 531485 mentally 53 1486 nine 531487 profession 53 1488 qualify 531489 savage 531490 strengthen 53 1491 surround 53 1492 tool 531494 board 521495 borrow 52 1496 conclude 52 1497 degradation 52 1498 heat 521499 hello 521500 housework 52 1501 lab 521502 likely 521503 march 521504 policeman 52 1505 proud 521506 seller 521507 shake 521508 shine 521509 similar 52 1510 smell 521511 sort 521512 unfortunately 52 1513 vocabulary 52 1514 wine 521515 authority 51 1516 bruise 511517 cloud 511518 driver 511519 foolish 51 1520 foreigner 51 1521 france 511522 frighten 51 1523 hungry 51 1524 preparation 51 1525 pressure 51 1526 producer 51 1527 repair 511528 soul 511529 alive 501530 background 50 1531 comfort 50 1532 dish 501533 fate 501534 gold 501535 homeland 50 1536 lazy 501538 mail 501539 mike 501540 neglect 501541 pool 501542 project 501543 properly 50 1544 rebecca 50 1545 rob 501546 slow 501547 space 501548 trouser 501549 australia 49 1550 balance 49 1551 basket 491552 consequence 49 1553 deed 491554 fellow 491555 modernization 49 1556 mouse 491557 naturally 49 1558 object 491559 pleasant 49 1560 recite 491561 significance 49 1562 wood 491563 account 48 1564 argue 481565 attach 481566 bow 481567 charm 481568 despite 481569 directly 48 1570 efficiently 48 1571 elder 481572 expert 481573 feminism 48 1574 focus 481575 forth 481576 impression 48 1577 lee 481578 liberation 48 1579 supply 481580 tooth 481582 double 47 1583 facility 47 1584 gas 471585 honor 471586 impress 47 1587 inform 47 1588 japan 471589 list 471590 milk 471591 pocket 47 1592 property 47 1593 range 471594 sometime 47 1595 witness 47 1596 apart 461597 appearance 46 1598 blind 461599 civilization 46 1600 consideration 46 1601 england 46 1602 enlarge 46 1603 exactly 46 1604 flow 461605 french 461606 growth 46 1607 hotel 461608 kuwait 46 1609 needn 461610 pen 461611 prize 461612 switzerland 46 1613 tower 461614 twelve 46 1615 warn 461616 beauty 45 1617 broadcast 45 1618 cinema 45 1619 circle 451620 clock 451621 competitive 45 1622 correctly 45 1623 deny 451624 discuss 451626 emerge 45 1627 eve 451628 extent 45 1629 hat 451630 politic 45 1631 pretty 45 1632 relate 45 1633 robert 45 1634 shoulder 45 1635 skillful 45 1636 speech 45 1637 spite 451638 spread 45 1639 textbook 45 1640 thought 45 1641 trade 451642 unfair 45 1643 unfit 451644 unless 45 1645 urban 45 1646 writer 45 1647 acquire 44 1648 approach 44 1649 chart 441650 claim 44 1651 complicate 44 1652 contact 44 1653 countryside 44 1654 david 44 1655 hall 441656 independent 44 1657 instructive 44 1658 justice 44 1659 meaningful 44 1660 mum 441661 north 44 1662 owner 44 1663 pity 441664 procedure 44 1665 r 441666 recover 44 1667 search 44 1668 sow 441670 thin 441671 treasure 44 1672 wet 441673 bedroom 43 1674 belief 431675 blame 431676 blow 431677 chat 431678 direct 431679 direction 43 1680 dominate 43 1681 female 431682 fond 431683 glutinous 43 1684 hole 431685 lecture 431686 model 431687 motherland 43 1688 nor 431689 orange 431690 patience 43 1691 rare 431692 seventy 43 1693 speaker 43 1694 unnecessary 43 1695 weapon 43 1696 wherever 43 1697 commensurate 42 1698 decade 421699 extremely 42 1700 feed 421701 fully 421702 hero 421703 illegal 421704 meaningless 42 1705 quantity 42 1706 revolution 42 1707 stare 421708 temperature 42 1709 unable 421710 violence 42 1711 wild 421712 adjust 41。

雅思词汇量要求
6.5：5000-8000,
7.5:8000-10000
一、阅读词汇量：7000（单词分消极词汇和积极词汇，阅读类词汇属于前者，只需考生能读懂，）
二、写作词汇量：3000（熟练掌握）
1、平时多看原版文章和书籍，收集与作文各个话题相关的表达，写出最地道的外语的作文。

2、写作词汇要注意多样性的表达，一个单词要使用其同义词进行替换。

例如：看，look watch see glance glare
3、写作词汇不盲目追求炫词汇量，一篇7分作文中，难词、生僻词出现7-10个已足够。

4、写作词汇注意准确性的使用，如果不确定是否使用准确，不如不用。

例如：no pains ，no gains。

如果记不清有没有加s ，不如不用。

三、口语、听力词汇量：3000-5000（能听懂，会拼写）
1、积累必备的连接词，在口语和写作中展示逻辑性和结构性。

2、口语词汇可以按四大类话题进行记忆：人物，事件，地点和物品。

3、口语词汇平时要学会积累，看美剧时，随手记下好用又地道的表达。

4、口语中，大胆show出最地道，最in的词汇表达，千篇一律只会让你的答案黯然失色。

5、口语词汇不能在心里背，大胆地说出来吧，这样才能自然流利的运用在口语中。

可以自家里对着镜子，扮演一人分饰两角，自己和自己对话，多问几个why，why not。

研究显示，30％的同学可以10天搞定考研词汇，50％的同学可以20天搞定考研词汇，有一个学生，17天挑战GRE20000成功。

学习关键在于找到正确的方法。

学英语重在建立自信，只有想不到的，没有做不到的。

The Academic Word List (AWL)英语学术词汇表1. What is the AWLAWL ( 《英语学术词汇表》) 是一个由 Victoria University of Wellington, NewZealand的一些应用语言学家统计出来词汇表，它包含了的学术英语(English for Academic Purpose) 中最常用的570 个词目 (headwords) ，每一个词目下面还列出了该词目的相关变化形式。

例如：词目“ analyse”就包含以下相关联的词汇：analysed, analyser, analysers, analyses, analysing, analysis,analyst,analysts, analytic, analytical, analytically, analyze, analyzed,analyzes, analyzing。

其中斜体字， analysis，在学术英语中最为常见。

2. What are the 10 sublists of the AWLAWL 分十个 sublists (小组 )。

除了第十小组包含30 个词目外，其他小组均含有90 个词目。

Sublist 1（第一组）包含的词汇最常用， sublist 2（第二组）中的词汇使用频率稍低，其他的sublists依次类推。

AWL中的每一个词目后都有一个数字，它代表了该词目是属于AWL 中的哪一组。

例如abandon 8 就表示 abandon 是属于第八小组的词目。

3. Where to find the AWL本文件的附录以字母先后排列出了所有的AWL词目。

登陆网页能看到 570 个词目（ headwords）。

如果你想得到每一个词目下面所包含的相关单词，请登陆该网页能下载所有的单词。

THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST (E - O)abandon v. go away from (a person or thing or place) not intending to return; forsake; desertabstract adj.existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical existenceacademy n. school for special trainingaccess n. ~ means of approaching or entering (a place); way in accommodate v. provide lodging or room foraccompany v. walk or travel with (sb) as a companion or helper; escortaccumulate v. gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of get (sth) in this wayaccurate adj.free from errorachieve v. gain or reach (sth), usu by effort, skill, courage, etc acknowledge v. accept the truth of admit (sth)acquire v. gain (sth) by one's own ability, efforts or behaviouradapt v. ~ sth (for sth) make sth suitable for a new use, situation, etc; modify sth adequate adj. ~ satisfactory in quantity or quality; sufficientadjacent having a common endpoint or border also immediately preceding or following adjust v. put (sth) into the correct order or position; arrangeadministrate v. to administeradult adj.grown to full size or strengthadvocate v. speak publicly in favour of (sth); recommend; supportaffect v. have an influence on (sb/sth); produce an effect onaggregate v. ~ sb (fml ) be formed or bring sb into an assembled group or amount aid n.helpalbeit conj althoughallocate v. ~ sth allot or assign sth (to sb/sth) for a special purposealter v. become different; change in character, position, size, shape, etc alternative adj.available in place of sth else; otherambiguous adj.having more than one possible meaningamend v. correct an error in (sth); make minor improvements in; change slightly analogy n. ~ partial similarity between two things that are comparedanalyse v. separate into its parts in order to study its nature or structureannual adj.happening every yearanticipate v. expectapparent adj.clearly seen or understood; obviousappend v. ~ sth (fml ) attach or add sth (esp in writing)appreciate v. understand and enjoy (sth); value highlyapproach v. come near or nearer to in space or timeappropriate adj. ~ suitable; right and properapproximate adj. almost correct or exact but not completely soarbitrary adj.based on personal opinion or impulse, not on reasonarea n. extent or measurement of a surfaceaspect n. particular part or feature of sth being consideredassemble e together; collectassess v. ~ sth decide or fix the amount of sthassign v. ~ sth to sb give sth to sb as a share of work to be done or of things to be used assist v. ~ in/with sth; ~ (sb) in doing sth (fml ) helpassume v. accept as true before there is proofassure v. tell (sb) positively or confidentlyattach v. ~ sth fasten or join sth (to sth)attain v. succeed in getting (sth); achieveattitude n. ~ way of thinking or behavingattribute v. ~ sth to sb/sth regard sth as belonging to, caused by or produced by sb/sthauthor n. writer of a book, play, etcauthority n. power to give orders and make others obeyautomate v. cause to operate by automationavailable adj.that can be used or obtainedaware adj.~ of sb/sth; ~ that... having knowledge or realization of sb/sthbehalf n. on behalf of sb/on sb's behalf; US in behalf of sb/in sb's behalf as the representative of or spokesmanfor sb; in the interestof sbbenefit n. profit; gain; future good (used esp with the vs and preps shown)bias n. opinion or feeling that strongly favours one side in an argument or one item in a group orseries;predisposition;prejudicebond n. written agreement or promise that has legal force; covenant brief sting only a short time; shortbulk n. size, quantity or volume, esp when greatcapable adj.having ability; able; competentcapacity n. ability to hold or contain sthcategory n. class or group of things in a complete system of grouping cease v. come or bring (sth) to an end; stopchallenge n. ~ (to do sth) invitation or call (to sb) to take part in a game, contest, fight etc to prove who is better,stronger, more able,etcchannel n.sunken bed of a river, stream or canalchapter n. (usu numbered) division of a bookchart n. detailed map used to help navigation at sea, showing coasts, rocks, the depth of the sea, etcchemical adj.of or relating to chemistrycircumstance n. condition or fact connected with an event or action cite quote; commendcivil adj.of or relating to the citizens of a countryclarify v. (cause sth to) become clear or easier to understandclassic adj.having a high quality that is recognized and unquestioned; of lasting value and importanceclause n.group of words that includes a subject1(4a) and a verb, forming a sentence or part of a sentencecode n.(system of) words, letters, symbols, etc that represent others, used for secret messages or forpresenting or recording information brieflycoherent adj. connected logically or consistent; easy to understand; clearcoincide v. ~ (of events) occur at the same time or occupy the same period of time as sth else collapse v. fall down or in suddenlycolleague n. person with whom one works, esp in a profession or businesscommence v. begin (sth); startcomment n.~ written or spoken remark giving an opinion on, explaining or criticizing (an event, a person, asituation, etc)commission n. ~ action, task or piece of work given to sb to docommit v. do (sth illegal, wrong or foolish)commodity n. thing bought in a shop and put to use, esp in the homecommunicate v. ~ sth make sth known; convey sthcommunity n. the community the people living in one place, district or country, considered as a whole compatible adj. ~ (of people, ideas, arguments, principles, etc) suited; that can exist togethercompensate v. ~ for sth give (sb) sth good to balance or lessen the bad effect of damage, loss, injury,etc;compile v.~ sth (for/from sth) collect (information) and arrange it in a book, list, report, etc complement n. ~ thing that goes well or suitably with sth else, or makes it completecomplex adj. made up of (usu several) closely connected partscomponent n. any of the parts of which sth is madecompound n. thing made up of two or more separate things combined together comprehensive adj. that includes everythingcomprise v. have as parts or members; be made up ofcompute v. ~ sth calculate sth with a computerconceive v.become pregnantconcentrate v.~ (sth) (on sth/doing sth) focus (one's attention, effort, etc) exclusively and intensely on sth, notthinking about other less important thingsconcept n. ~ idea underlying sth; general notionconclude v. ~ (with sth) (usu fml ) come or bring (sth) to an end concurrent adj. ~ existing, happening or done at the same time conduct n.person's behaviourconfer v. ~ (with sb) (on/about sth) have discussions (esp in order to exchange opinions or get advice)confine v. ~ sb/sth keep (a person or an animal) in a restricted spaceconfirm v. provide evidence for the truth or correctness of (a report, an opinion, etc); establish the truth ofconflict n.struggle; fightconform v.~ keep to or comply with (generally accepted rules, standards, etc)consent v. ~ give agreement or permissionconsequent adj. ~ (fml ) following sth as a result or an effect considerable adj. great in amount or sizeconsist v. (phr v) consist of sth be composed or made up of sthconstant adj.going on all the time; happening again and againconstitute v. (fml ) make up or form (a whole); be the components ofconstrain v. make (sb) do sth by strong (moral) persuasion or by forceconstruct v. build (sth); put or fit together; formconsult v. ~ sb/sth go to (a person, book, etc) for information, advice, etc consume e (sth) upcontact n. ~ state of touching (used esp with the vs shown)contemporary adj.~ of the time or period being referred to; belonging to the same timecontext writings preceding and following passage quotedcontract n. ~ (for sth/to do sth) legally binding agreement, usu in writingcontradict v. say sth that conflicts with by (sb), suggesting that the person is mistaken or not telling the truthcontrary adj. opposite in nature, tendency or directioncontrast v. ~ A and/with B compare so that differences are made clearcontribute v. ~ (to/towards sth) give one's share of (money, help, advice, etc) to help a joint causecontroversy n. ~ public discussion or argument, often rather angry, about sth which many people disagreewithconvene v. summon to come together; arrange (a meeting, etc)converse v. ~ (about sth); ~ (together) (fml ) talkconvert v. ~ (sth) (from sth) (into/to sth) change (sth) from one form or use to another convince v. ~ sb make sb feel certain; cause sb to realizecooperate to work or act togethercoordinate vt. to organize or integrate (diverse elements) in a harmonious operationcore n. centre of such fruits as the apple and pear, containing the seedscorporate adj.of or shared by all the members of a group; collectivecorrespond v. ~ be in agreement; not contradict sth or each othercouple n. two people or things that are seen together or associated, esp a man and woman togethercreate v. cause to exist; make (sth new or original)credit n.permission to delay payment for goods and services until after they have been received; system ofpaying in thiswaycriteria n. (pl of criterion) standard by which sth is judgedcrucial adj. ~ very important; decisiveculture n. refined understanding and appreciation of art, literature, etc currency n. money system in use in a countrycycle n. series of events that are regularly repeated in the same order data n. facts or information used in deciding or discussing sthdebate n. formal argument or discussion of a question, eg at a public meeting or in Parliament, with two ormore opposing speakers, and often ending in a votedecade n. period of ten yearsdecline v. say `no' to (sth); refuse (sth offered), usu politelydeduce v. ~ sth arrive at (facts, a theory, etc) by reasoning; infer sth define v. ~ sth state precisely the meaning of (eg words)definite adj. clear; not doubtfuldemonstrate v. ~ sth (to sb) show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence denote v. be the name, sign or symbol of (sth); refer todeny v. say that (sth) is not truedepress v. make sad and without enthusiasmderive v. ~ sth from sth obtain sth from sth; get sth from sth design n. ~ (for sth) drawing or outline from which sth may be made despite prep without being affected bydetect v. discover or recognize that (sth) is presentdeviate v. ~ from sth stop followingdevice n. thing made or adapted for a special purposedevote v. ~ oneself/sth to sb/sth give to sb/sth; dedicate ;differentiate v. ~ between A and B; ~ A (from B) see or show (two things) to be different; show sth to be different(from sthelse)dimension n. measurement of any sortdiminish v. become smaller or less; decreasediscrete adj. separate; distinctdiscriminate v. ~ ~ A from B see or make a difference (between two things)displace v. move from the usual or correct placedisplay v. ~ sth put sth on showdispose v. place(sb/sth) in a suitable way; arrangedistinct adj.easily heard, seen, felt or understood; definitedistort v. pull or twist out of its usual shapedistribute v. ~ sth separate sth into parts and give a share to each person or thingdiverse adj. of different kinds; varieddocument n. paper, form, book, etc giving information about sth, evidence or proof of sth domain n. lands owned or ruled by a nobleman, government, etcdomestic adj.of the home, household or familydominate v. have control of or a very strong influence on (people, events, etc)draft n. rough preliminary written version of sthdrama n. play for the theatre, radio or TVduration n. time during which sth lasts or continuesdynamic adj.of power or forces that produce movementeconomy n. avoidance of waste (of money, strength, time, resources, etc)edit v. prepare for publication, eg in a book, newspaper, or magazine element n. ~ necessary or characteristic part of stheliminate v. ~ sb/sth remove (esp sb/sth that is not wanted or needed) emerge v. ~ come out or up (from water, etc)emphasis n.force or stress given to a word or words when spoken, to make the meaning clear or to showimportanceempirical adj. based on observation or experiment, not on theoryenable v. make able to do sth by giving him the necessary authority or meansencounter v. meet or find oneself faced by (sth/sb unpleasant, dangerous, difficult, etc) energy n. ability to act or work with strength and eagernessenforce v. ~ sth force people to obey (a law, etc); make sth effectiveenhance v. increase make (sb/sth) look betterenormous adj. very large; immenseensure v.make sure; guaranteeentity n. thing with distinct and real existenceenvironment n. conditions, circumstances, etc affecting people's livesequate v. ~ sth consider sth as equal or equivalent (to sth else)equip v. ~ sb/sth (with sth) supply sb/sth (with what is needed, for a particular purpose) equivalent adj. ~ equal in value, amount, meaning, importance, etcerode v. destroy or wear (sth) away graduallyerror n. thing done wrongly; mistakeestablish v. set up on a firm or permanent basisestate n. area of land, esp in the country, with one ownerestimate n. judgement or calculation of the approximate size, cost, value, etc of sthethic n. system of moral principles; rules of conductethnic adj.of a national, racial or tribal group that has a common cultural traditionevaluate v. find out or form an idea of the amount or value of (sb/sth); assesseventual adj. happening at last as a result; ultimateevident adj. ~ (that...) obvious (to the eye or mind); clearevolve v. (cause to) develop naturally and (usu) graduallyexceed v. be greater or more numerous than (esp a quantity)exclude v. ~ sb/sth prevent sb from entering somewhere, taking part in sth, etc; keep sb out exhibit n. object or collection of objects displayed for the public, eg in a museumexpand v. ~ (into sth) (cause sth to) become greater in size, number or importanceexpert n. ~ person with special knowledge, skill or training in a particular fieldexplicit adj.(of a statement, etc) clearly and fully expressedexploit n. brave or adventurous deed or actionexport n.exportingexpose v. uncover or make (sth) visible; displayexternal adj.outside; situated on the outside of sth (esp the body)extract v. ~ sth take or get sth out, usu with effort or by forcefacilitate v. (of an object, a process, etc but not of a person) make (sth) easy or less difficult factor n. fact, circumstance, etc that helps to produce a resultfeature n. one of the named parts of the face (eg nose, mouth, eyes) which together form its appearancefederal of or relating to a form of government or a country in which power is divided between one central andseveral regional governmentfee n. (usu pl ) amount paid for professional advice or service, eg to private teachers, doctors, etcfile n. metal tool with a rough surface for cutting, smoothing or shaping hard substancesfinal adj.of the end; coming lastfinance n.management of moneyfinite adj.having bounds; limited; not infiniteflexible adj.that can bend easily without breakingfluctuate v. ~ (of a price, number, rate, etc) rise and fall; change irregularlyfocus n. =>Usage at data data. point at which rays (of light, sound, etc) meet or from which theyappear tocomeformat n. shape, size, binding, etc of a bookformula n. (chemistry ) set of symbols showing the elements that a substance is made offorthcoming adj.about to happen or appear in the near futurefoundation n.act of foundingfounded [ find: ] to meet with or discover by chanceframework n. structure giving shape and supportfunction n. special activity or purpose of a person or thingfund n. sum of money saved or made available for a particular purposefundamental adj.of or forming the basis or foundation of sth; essentialfurthermore adv. in addition; moreover ;gender n. (in certain languages) classification of a noun or pronoun as masculine or femininegenerate v. cause to exist or occur; produce generation n.productionglobe n. small spherical model of the earth showing the continents and usu also countries, rivers, cities, etcgoal n. (in football, hockey, etc) pair of posts with a crossbar, between which the ball has to be kicked, hit,etc in order to scoregrade n. step, stage or degree of rank, quality, etc; level of classificationgrant v. agree to give or allow (what is asked for)guarantee n.~ (against sth) promise (usu in writing) that certain conditions agreed to in a transactionwillbefulfilledguideline a principle put forward to set standards or determine a course of actio hence adv. from this timehierarchy n. system with grades of authority or status from the lowest to the highest highlight n. best, most interesting or most exciting part of somethinghypothesis n. idea or suggestion that is based onknownfacts and is used as a basis for reasoningor furtherinvestigationidentical adj.the ~ the sameidentify v.~ sb/sth as sb/sth show, prove, etc who what sb/sth is; recognize sb/sth (as being theor specified person orthing)ideology n. ideas that form the basis of an economic or political theory or that are held by a particular group orpersonignorant adj.~ (of sth)knowing little or nothing; lacking education or information; unawareillustrate v. supply with pictures, diagrams, etcimage n. copy of the shape of a person or thing, esp one made in stone or wood; statue immigrate v. ~ enter a foreign country in order to live there permanentlyimpact n. hitting of one object against anotherimplement n. tool or instrumentimplicate v. ~ sb show that sb is involved in sth, esp a crimeimplicit adj.~ implied, but not expressed directly; not explicitimply v. suggest (sth) indirectly rather than state it directly; hint impose v. ~ sth place (a penalty, tax, etc) officially on sb/sthincentive n. ~ thing that encourages sb to do sth; stimulusincidence n. ~ of sth extent to which sth happens or has an effect incline v. ~ towards sth lean or slope in the direction of sthincome n. money received over a certain period, esp as payment for work or as interest on investmentsincorporate v. ~ sth (in/into sth) make sth part of a whole; includeindex n. list of names or topics referred to in a book, etc, usu arranged at the end in alphabetical orderindicate v. ~ sth (to sb) show sth, esp by pointingindividual adj.single; separateinduce v. persuade or influence (sb) to do sthinevitable adj.that cannot be avoided; that is sure to happeninfer v. ~ sth (from sth) reach (an opinion) from facts or reasoning; conclude sthinfrastructure n. subordinate parts, installations, etc that form the basis of a system, an organization oran enterprise (eg ofan army) ,inherent adj. ~ existing as a natural or permanent feature or quality of sb/sthinhibit v. ~ sb prevent sb from doing sth that should be natural or easy to doinitial adj. of or at the beginning; firstinitiate v. put (a scheme, etc) into operation; cause (sth) to begininjure v. hurt (sb); harminnovate v. make changes; introduce new thingsinput n. ~ action of putting sth ininsert v. ~ sth put, fit, place sth into sth or between two thingsinsight n. ~ (approv ) ability to see into the true nature (of sth); deep understandinginspect v.examine (sth) closelyinstance n. ~ particular occurrence of sth that happens generally or several times; example; case institute n. society or organization for a special (usu social, professional or educational) purpose instruct to direct to do something; orderintegral adj.~ necessary for completenessintegrate v. ~ sth (into sth); ~ A and B/~ A with B combine sth in such a way that it becomes fully a part of sth elseintegrity n. quality of being honest and morally uprightintelligence n. power of learning, understanding and reasoning; mental abilityintense adj.(of sensations) very great or severe; extremeinteract v. ~ act or have an effect on each otherintermediate adj. ~ situated or coming between two people, things, etc in time, space, degree, etcinternal adj.of or on the insideinterpret v. explain (sth which is not easily understandable)interval n. ~ time between two eventsintervene v. (of time) come or be betweenintrinsic adj. belonging naturally; existing within, not coming from outsideinvest v. ~ (in sth/with sb) use (money) to buy shares, property, etc, in order to earn interest orbring profitinvestigate v. find out and examine in order to obtain the truthinvoke v. use (sth) as a reason for one's actioninvolve v. make necessary as a condition or result; entailisolate v. ~sb/sth put or keep sb/sth entirely apart from other people or things; separate sb/sth ; issue n.outgoing; outflowitem n. single article or unit in a list, etcjob n. the patience of jobjournal n. newspaper or periodical, esp one that is serious and deals with a specialized subject justify v. show that (sb/sth) is right, reasonable or justlabel n.piece of paper, cloth, metal, etc on or beside an object and describing its nature, name, owner,destination,etclabour n.physicalor mental worklayer n. thickness of material laid over a surface or forming a horizontal divisionlecture n.~(on sth) talk giving information about a subject to an audience or a class, often as part of ateaching programmelegal adj.of or based on the lawlegislate v. ~ make lawslevy v. ~ sth (on sb) collect (a payment, etc) by authority or force; impose sthliberal adj.tolerant and open-minded; free from prejudicelicence n. official document showing that permission has been given to own, use or do sth likewise adv.similarlylink n. one ring or loop of a chainlocate v. discover the exact position or place oflogic n.science of reasoningmaintain v. ~ sth cause sth to continue; keep sth in existence at the same level, standard, etcmajor adj.important; great(er)manipulate v. control or handle with skillmanual adj. of, done with or controlled by the handsmargin n. blank space round the written or printed matter on a pagemature adj.fully grown or developed mentally or physically; having achieved one's full potentialmaximise[ maximize: ] vt. to make as high or great as possible; increase to a maximum mechanism n. working parts of a machine, etcmedia n. the media means of mass communication, eg TV , radio, newspapersmediate v. ~ act as a peacemaker or go-between for two or more people, groups, etc who disagree medical adj.of the art of medicine; of curing diseasemedium n. (pl usu media) means by which sth is expressed or communicatedmental adj.of, in or to the mindmethod n.waymigrate v. ~ (to...) move from one place to go to live or work in anothermilitary adj. of or for soldiers or an army; of or for armed forcesminimal adj. smallest in amount or degreeminimise[ minimize: ] to reduce to or estimate at the least possible degree or amount minimum n. least or smallest amount, degree, etc possibleministry n. (buildings containing a) government departmentminor adj.smaller, less serious, less important, etcmode n. ~ (fml ) way or manner in which sth is donemodify v. change (sth) slightly, esp to make it less extreme or to improve it monitor n. device used to observe, record or test sthmotive n. ~ that which causes sb to act in a particular way; reasonmutual adj.felt or done by each towards the othernegate v. deny or disprove the existence of (sb/sth) network n. complex system of roads, etc crossingeach otherneutral adj.not supporting or helping either side in a dispute, contest,war, etc; impartialnevertheless adv, conj in spite of this; however; stillnonetheless adv. nevertheless; howevernorm n. standard or pattern that is typical (of a group, etc)normal adj.in accordance with what is typical, usual or regularnotion n. ~ idea or belief; conceptnotwithstanding prep (can also follow the n to which it refers ) without being affected by (sth); in spite of nuclear adj.of a nucleus, esp of an atomobjective adj.not influenced by personal feelings or opinions; unbiased; fairobtain v. ~ sth et sth; come to own or possess sth (by buying, borrowing, taking, etc) obvious adj. easily seen, recognized or understood; clearoccupy v. live in or have possession of (a house, land, etc)occur v. come into being as an event or a process; happenodd adj.strange; unusual; peculiaroffset v. ~ sth (by sth/doing sth) compensate for sth; balance sth ongoing adj. continuing to exist or progressoption n. power or freedom of choosing; choiceorient n. the Orient countries of the (Far) East (eg Japan, China) outcome n. effect or result (of an event, circumstances, etc) output n. quantity of goods, etc producedoverall adj. including everything; totaloverlap v. partly cover (sth) by extending over its edge overseas adj. across the sea; foreignpanel n. separate, usu rectangular, part of the surface of a door, wall, ceiling, etc, usu raisedaboveor sunkbelow the surrounding areaparadigm n. set of all the different forms of a wordparagraph n. distinct section of a written or printed text, usu consisting of several sentences dealingwith a singletheme and starting on a new lineparallel adj.(of two or more lines) having the same distance between each other at every pointparameter n. quantity that does not vary in a particular case but does vary in other cases participate v. ~ take part or become involved (in an activity)partner n. person who takes part in an activity with another or others, esp one of several owners of a businesspassive adj.not active; submissiveperceive v. become aware of (sb/sth); notice; observe percentperiod n. length or portion of timepersist v.~ continue to do sth, esp in an obstinate and determined way and in spite of opposition,argument orfailureperspective n. art of drawing solid objects on a flat surface so as to give the right impression of their height, width,depth and position in relation to each otherphase n. stage in a process of change or developmentphenomenon n. fact or occurrence, esp in nature or society, that can be perceived by the sensesphilosophy n.search for knowledge and understanding of the nature and meaning of the universe and ofhumanlifephysical adj.of or concerning material things plus prep with the addition ofpolicy n. ~plan of action, statement of ideals, etc proposed or adopted by a government, politicalparty,business, etcportion n. part or share into which sth is dividedpose v.~ (for sb) sit or stand in a particular position in order to be painted, drawn or photographed。

pass v.路过construct v.建造(某物)；构成；形成disenchantment n.觉醒；清醒autonomy n.自治(权);自主(权)，独立diploma n.毕业证书；毕业文凭ministry n.部委puff n.吸，抽：（烟、气等的）一缕resident a.常驻的irrespective a.不考虑，不管wise a.明智的rink n.溜冰场demographic a.人口统计学的humorous a.幽默的municipality n.市政当局dwell v.居住，栖身administration n.管理，行政aluminium n.铝gay a.同性恋的；同性恋者hurdle n.障碍，难关v.奔跑中)跳越(某物)authoritative a.有权力的；有权威的；可靠的sing v.唱amusement n.娱乐referee n.(足球等的)裁判员;仲裁者，调解人astronomy n.天文学neatness n.整洁fraught a.充满(不愉快事物)的;焦虑的，忧虑的，担心的vivid a.清晰的；生动的；逼真的formidable a.令人畏惧的，可怕的necessitate vt.使成为必要comprehend v.全面理解、领会（某事物）tapped water 自来水sustain vt.维持(生命或生存)taste v.品尝signification n.字词的含义；意义balcony ｎ.阳台;(剧院的)楼厅，楼座trousers n.裤子crude a.粗糙的，粗制的;天然的，自然的notion n.观念，信念，念头restrain vt.(尤指用武力)管制，制止，阻止ring n.铃声；戒指fridge n.冰箱pure a.纯正的stout a.结实的，牢固的;肥胖的;顽强的worthy a.值得的hotelier n.旅馆老板fireplace n.壁炉show n.展览v.展示，指出metaphor n.比喻tile n.瓦conduct a survey 进行调查fringe n.刘海儿;穗，流苏;边缘，外围bind v.捆掷或系紧(如用绳)exodus n.大批离去anthropology n.人类学cost-effective a.高性价比的，划算的cover n.桌布v.覆盖mane n.(马、狮的）鬃pork n.猪肉secretary n.秘书forward（s）ad.向前spatial a.空间的；有关空间的；存在于空间的fragment n.片断，碎片v.(使)破裂，(使)分裂integral a.必需的;完整的Sudan n.苏丹：非洲东北部一国家，位于埃及南部recapture vt.赢回，夺回;抓回，再次捕获;回忆，再体验，重温reveal vt.揭示，透露;显出，露出function n.作用，功能;职责，职能vi.起作用；行使职责integrity n.诚实而正直grope v.(暗中)摸索;探寻n.摸索kiosk n.（出售报纸、饮料等的）小摊棚，售货亭rental a.租赁的precipitate v.使(某事)突然或迅速地发生；加速stylish a.时髦的,漂亮的ethnography n.民族志学；人种学visibility n.明显可见；视程；能见度metal n.金属tabloid n.小型报纸；小报please v.使高兴ad.请construction n.建设weight n.重量；分量v.使加权argue v.争论;说服outdoor a.户外的swing v./n.(使)摆动，摇摆;改变n.秋千turnover n.营业额;人事变更率camouflage v.伪装zest n.热情；狂热apt a.聪明的;易于…的;恰当的，适当的distant a.遥远的habit n.习惯erupt vi.(火山等)迸发，爆发tip n.秘诀；小费protect v.保护reach v.到达perennial a.长久的，持久的;反复出现的n.多年生植物south n.南方picnic n.野餐pole n.竿eruption n.(火山)爆发;火山灰suspense n.担心,焦虑，悬念narrow a.狭窄的amber n.琥珀escalate v.(使)逐步扩大，不断恶化，加剧collective a.集体的；整个社会的；共同的；共有的1goods n.货物loyal a.忠诚的conceptural a.概念的；概念上的undue a.不适当的，过分的，过度的granite n.花岗岩marriage n.婚姻freedom n.自由alight a.着火的;容光焕发的，兴奋的v.降落，落下;下车main a.主要的sanction n.(正式)许可,批准;处罚，制裁anatomy n.解剖学venture n.(尤指有风险的)企业，商业，投机活动，经营项目v.敢于去；小心地说，谨慎地做；冒着…的危险appoint vt.指定，约定;任命，委任labour n.劳动；劳力brilliant a.聪颖的，技艺高的;卓越的，杰出的;明亮的ceremonial dress 礼服subterranean water 地下水numbership n.会员资格base n.基础v.以…为基础evoke vt.引起，唤起enormos a.庞大的，巨大的，极大的swear v.诅咒，骂人;宣誓，发誓portrayal n.描画，描写minority n.少数，少数派;少数民族avail v.有助于，有用n.效用，效益republic a.共和的foil n.箔，箔纸vt.挫败，制止sufficient a.足够的，充分的airtight a.密封的;无懈可击的attempt vt./n.尝试，试图，努力morality n.道德(准则)rumble v.发出隆隆声；辘辘行驶；低沉地说adjunct n.附属物；辅助物monoxide n.一氧化物innovate v.创新obey v.遵从deceit n.欺骗diversification n.经营多样化stranger n.陌生人populace n.民众，百姓regulation n.管理；调校；校准；调节；控制valid a.有效的；有法律效力的introduce v.引进，传入pour v.倾泻，倒decapitate vt.杀头，斩首divide by 用…除；做除法outing n.短途外出demonstrate v.说明，认证;示范;表达;游行示威split off 分开，分离thereby ad.借以；从而；由此nobleman n.贵族road n.道路campsite n.露营地suite n.系列，（同类物的）套；（旅馆的）套间；（一套）家具alga n.(pl.algae)海藻get to trips 理解或解决某些难题cultivation n.开垦农田funeral n.葬礼novelty n.新奇，新鲜;新奇的事物(或人、环境)makeshift a.临时替代的；权宜的grateful a.感激的catastrophe ｎ.大灾祸，大灾害in advance 提前radical a.彻底的，根本的，完全的;激进的,极端的n.激进分子bewilder vt.使迷惑，使糊涂convince vt.使确信，使信服;说服，劝说sleek a.光滑而有光泽的identical a.完全同样的，相同的supervisor n.管理者numerous a.为数众多的，许多的grab v.抓住，夺得vt.捞取，赚得;引人注意，吸引surprise v.使吃惊study v.学习cutlery n.(刀、叉等）餐具triple a.三倍的；三重的mould n.模具，铸模；个性，风格雷（菌）v.(用模具)浇铸，塑造；对…影响重大，将…塑造成；（使）紧贴于，吻合peculiar a.古怪的,异常的;特有的，特殊的cloth n.布input n./v.输入，投入award n.奖(品)；奖金vt.授予，奖励；评判，裁定fellow n.伙伴oppose vt.反对，反抗contact number 联系电话acumen n.敏锐，精明rationale n.基本原理；理论基础pirate n.海盗;盗版者vt.盗印，窃用crowded a.拥挤的;充满的moody a.喜怒无常的sports psychologist 运动心理学outward a.外面的,外表的;向外的,在外dire a.可怕的；迫切的activate v.激活,使活动，启动majority n.大部分；大多数invert vt.(使)倒转，颠倒，倒置infect vt.传染，使感染;使感染(某种感情)，影响current a.当前的;流行的n.水流，气流;电流;潮流，趋势deserve vt.值得，应得，应受fuse n.保险丝;导火线，导火索v.(使)熔化missile n.导弹;可抛掷或发射之物2worm n.虫子preferable a.较适合的，更可取的accredit vt.信赖;委任，委派;把…归于gold n.金子abundance n.大量，充足curtain n.幕布，窗帘recreation room 娱乐室importance n.重要性voyage n.航行，(尤指)航海，航空earthwork n.土垒(工程)mullion n./v.(用)窗框竖棂（分开) grievance n.委屈，牢骚，不满；怨恨amazingly ad.令人惊讶地strive vi.努力,奋斗，力争，力求muscular a.强壮的；肌肉发达的sturdy a.结实的，坚固的;强壮的，健壮的;坚决的cipher n.密码bureaucratic a.官僚政治的chiropractor n.按摩师；脊椎指压治疗师sanitary a.卫生的，环境卫生的，公共卫生的;清洁的；保健的roster n.花名册slave n.奴隶piety n.虔诚；孝顺，孝敬stab v./n.刺，戳，捅revival n.(状况或力量的)进步；复苏impair vt.损害，削弱nurture vt.养育，培养;扶持，帮助n.培育，培养eccentricity n.古怪，异乎寻常vulgar a.庸俗的，粗野的;粗鲁的，下流的solitary a.独自的,单独的;独居的;孤独的maltreat v.虐待shipment n.装船,船运;运输，运送，装运military a.军队的periodical a.定期出版的；期刊realistic a.现实(主义)的，实事求是的;能实现的;逼真的excellent a.优秀的tragic a.悲惨的;悲剧的in particular 特别，尤其increment n.增加；增长；(尤指)加薪unintentional a.非故意的，无意的gullible a.易受骗的，轻信的suspect v.猜想；觉得；估摸；怀疑scenario n.可能的情况；场景；方案electricity n.电tooth n.牙齿evacuate vt.疏散，转移，撤离superstitious a.迷信的；无充分根据的说法的earnest a.非常认真的，诚实的，真诚的isolate v.(使)隔离，孤立wide-ranging a.覆盖面广的；内容广泛的unaware a.没意识到的，未觉察的millimeter n.毫米rainforest n.（热带）雨林airforce n.空军remarkable a.值得注意的，引人注目的；非凡的，奇异的knack n.技巧；诀窍weary a.疲劳的,疲倦的herdsman n.牧人nothing to declare 不需报关personnel department 人事部门venue n.地点hike vi./n.远足，徒步旅行credibility n.可信度portfolio n.文件夹；作品集cinema n.影院toil vi.(长时间)苦干n.辛苦，劳累；苦工，苦役regulate v.管理；调控pervasive a.无处不在的；遍布的；充斥各处的diminish v.减少，降低;贬低，轻视promising a.有希望的；有前途的expand v.扩大，增加，增强;扩展，发展diet n.(某人、共同生活的人等)通常吃的食物；日常食物；v.只(准)吃某类食物或少量食物；(尤指为减轻体重)节食stereo system 立体声音响leaf n.树叶prejudice n.偏见；成见cannon n.大炮，加农炮crust n.面包皮；糕饼酥皮；地壳，硬层，硬表面so-called a.所谓的；号称的residence n.居所，住处environmental improvement 环境改善break off 中断，断绝handkerchief n.手绢message n.信息prayer n.祈祷者allow v.允许；承认doctoral a.博士的；博士学位的quantitative a.量化的，数量的rope n.绳子somewhat ad.稍微wander v.闲逛，流浪vi.走神，(思想)开小差glad a.高兴的tend v.照料inferior a.较差的，次的n.下级receptive a.(对新的思想、建议等）易于接受的，接受得快的journalist n.记者；新闻工作者regimen n.养生法lasting a.持续很长一段时间的workload n.(某一人或组织的）工作量，工作负担time-consuming a.费时的mat n.席子bruise v.撞伤，擦伤;打击，挫伤n.青3肿，瘀伤，碰伤delay n.耽搁；延期v.使(某人)慢或迟到；耽搁；延误amorphous a.无固定形状的，不规则的swim v.游泳utmost a.最大的；极度的booking n.预约cope vi.对付，处理junior a.(较某人)地位或身份低的n.(四年制的大学或中学的)三年级学生pesticide n.消灭有害动物的化学药物；（尤指）杀虫剂petition n.请愿书;上诉状，申请书;祈祷v.祈求;(向法庭)请求，申请nominal a.名义上的,不真实的;(金额、租金)微不足道的atom n.原子zinc n.锌fun n.乐趣synchronized swimming 花样游泳announce vt.宣布，声称;通知heading n.标题heard n.兽群；牧群ripen v.（使）成熟visible a.看得见的，可见的;明显的，引人注目strengthen v.加强，增强theoretical a.理论的；理论上的straight a.直的，直接的ad.直地，直接地conserve vt.保护，保存;节省，节约drum n.鼓stadium n.体育场，运动场typhoon n.［气］台风recourse n.依靠；依赖；求助substantially ad.实质上hasty a.匆忙的dim a.(光线)暗淡的，昏暗的;不清楚的，朦胧的smelt v.冶炼babyish a.稚气的venomous a.有毒的；分泌毒液的dusty a.布满灰尘的malevolent a.恶毒的，狠毒的a belt of trees 林带vigorous a.充满活力的;强壮的，强健的round a.圆的ad.在周围prep.在…周围consideration n.考虑，认真思考sound a.合理的；明智的granular a.颗粒状的hint n.暗示，提示;征兆，迹象provoke vt.挑衅，激怒;引发，引起title n.称呼kiwi n.几维鸟matter n.事情extinguish vt.熄灭，扑灭;毁灭，消灭disposal n.去掉；清除；处理kayak n.(爱斯基摩人用的)皮船temperature n.温度jeweler n.珠宝商prototype n.原型，雏形bid v.出价，投标vi.努力争取，企图获得n.出价；投标；努力争取predation n.捕食；捕猎electronic supply 电力供应arms n.武器nitrous a.氮的；含氮的pattern n.形式notable a.值得注意的,显著的，重要的tension n.紧张model making 模型制作unfortunate a.不幸的；倒霉的continue v.继续magnetic resonance 磁共振gigantic a.巨大的，庞大的social fund 社会活动基金maturation n.成熟criminal a.有罪的grid n.(金属的或木的)格子；栅栏academic degree 学位commemorate v.纪念，作为…的纪念musician n.音乐家satisfy v.使人满意mediocre a.平庸的，普通的，平常的parachute n.降落伞v.跳伞;伞降，空投indiscriminate a.不加鉴别的；不加分析的sprovisional booking 临时预定number plate 牌照magnet n.磁铁，磁体;有吸引力的人(物或地方)indignant a.愤慨的，愤怒的grand a.宏伟的Indian Ocean 印度洋outset n.开始，开端expert n.专家；行家take notes 做笔记cellar n.地窖，地下室;酒窖glue n.胶，胶水vt.(用胶水)粘合，粘贴rat n.老鼠officially ad.正式地gratitude n.感谢；感谢spice n.香料;额外的趣味v.加香料;使增添情趣tacit a.心照不宣的，暗含的constant a.固定的，稳定的；不屈不挠的the food chain 食物链havoc n.(大范围的)破坏；（巨大的）毁坏worthwhile a.值得(做)的，有用的sub-species n.亚种harvest n.收获季节；收获期awful a.糟糕的；可怕的；极度的middle a.中间的n.中间fluid a.流动的，流体的;流畅优美的n.液体，流体4choose v.选择pleasant a.愉快的occupy v.使用；占用(空间、面积、时间等)write medication 开处方slash v.砍，劈;大幅度削减n.砍，砍痕;斜线号plus conj.此外；另外prep.加；加上until ad.直到fibrosis n.纤维化define vt.给…下定义;阐明，明确，界定personnel n.人员；职员provisional a.暂时的，临时的，暂定的psychic a.精神的；心灵的methane n.甲烷，沼气primary a.主要的，基本的;最初的，最早的;初等教育的，小学教育的elastic n.橡皮圈(或带)，松紧带a.有弹性的;灵活的cumbersome a.大而笨重的;(词语)冗长的，累赘的subject n.课程non-verbal a.非用言语的；非语言性的scaffold n.脚手架；建筑架hut n.小屋high-quality a.高质量的firefly n.萤火虫instance n.例子；实例；事例self-esteem n.自尊sledge n.雪橇vi.乘雪橇date n.日期，日子；年份v.存在，追溯preschool period 学前期delectable a.使人愉快的，美味可口的;妩媚动人的，有吸引力的hysterical a.歇斯底里的，情绪狂暴不可抑制的pumice n.轻石，浮石constraint n.限制landfill n.垃圾掩埋法rip v.(突然或猛烈地)撕破，裂开n.(织物、纸张等)撕开的大口子competence n.胜任；能力；称职hoof (pl. hooves) n.蹄blonde a.金发碧眼的女人frail a.(指人)体弱的，虚弱的politics n.政治pretension n.抱负，意图；自负labor n.劳动力mine n.矿山pron.我的woman n.女人engraving n.石刻impetus n.促进，刺激，推动(力)soluble a.可溶的outfit n.全套装备，全套工具embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬;使为难，使陷入困境conspicuous a.明显的，显而易见的，惹人注意的discontinue v.终止，停止tap n.(控制液体或气体流出的)龙头，旋塞congratulation n.祝贺或受到祝贺interpersonal a.人与人之间的，人际关系的handout n.(发给学生的)课堂讲义mechanic n.技工，机械师;力学，机械学；过程，方法plastic n.塑料a.塑料的turmoil n.混乱，动乱,焦虑ammonia n.［化］氨insecurity 不安全感agree v.同意satisfactory a.令人满意的disturb vt.使不安，使烦恼;打扰，妨碍wide range of approaches 多方面的方法bereavement n.(亲人)丧亡futile a.无效的；无用的；无意义的disperse v.(使)分散，散开;散布，传播factor n.因素；要素volcanic a.火山的interfere vi.干涉，干预，介入;妨碍，打扰legitimacy n.合法性，合理性objection n.反的理由；异议dispose v.处理；除掉police n.警察notice of loss 损害通知书field study 实地考察breach n.(对法规等的）违背，违反v.打开；违背ask for an extension 要求延期shred n.(撕或切过的)细条,碎片wit n.智力，才智via prep.经由；经过(某一地方)foundation n.地基，基础;基本原理，根据;创建，创办occasionally ad.偶尔potential a.可能存在或出现的；可能的n.潜能；潜力pause n.（行为、讲话中的）暂停，临时中止v.在短时间内停止说话或做事，然后再继续说或做catch a glimpse of 瞥见wear off 消退viral a.滤过性毒菌的，滤过性毒菌引起的slander n./v.诽谤,诋毁,中伤germ-free a.无菌的revenue n.财政收入，税收收入，收益epidemic n.流行病a.流行的；传染性的subjective a.主观的chemist's shop 药店insulating a.绝缘的wrinkle n.皱纹;好主意v.(使)起皱纹,皱起mouth n.嘴niggling a.琐碎的crucial a.至关重要的，关键性的5basement n.地下室row n.排v.使排成排muscle n.肌肉;体力，力量，实力native speaker 说本族语的人giant n.巨人(异常大的动植物、商业组织等)sailplane n.滑翔机non-existent a.不存在的peaceful a.和平的satisfaction n.满意privacy n.隐私；私密decimal n.小数altogether ad.总共judo n.柔道pencil n.铅笔regularity n.规律性effort n.努力passenger n.过路人deliver vt.递送，传送;发表，宣布;交出，交付;助产，接生consortium n.联营企业，财团，银团bilateral a.双边的，双方的respectable a.体面的；得体的；值得尊敬的term n.学期；叫法；说法；就…而言；从…角度来讲environmental lapse rate 环境递减率burgeon v.激增，迅速发展institute n.(教育、专业等)机构(建筑)v.建立，制定(体系、政策等) jewel n.珠宝continuously ad.不断地；连续地abandon vt.抛弃，遗弃;放弃n.放任，放纵transient a.短暂的;暂住的,临时的n.暂住某地的人,临时工forehead n.额头afflict vt.使痛苦，折磨zone n.(有某种特色或作用的)地区，地带detergent n.洗涤剂；去污剂perceive vt.注意到，察觉到;认为，理解为helpful a.有益的cross n.十字架v.穿过natural problems 自然灾害surgeon n.外科医生queue up 排队methodology n.方法学；方法论oblong a./n.长方形(的);椭圆体(的)gauge n.标准量度(尤指宽度或厚度)camera n.摄像机neural a.神经系统的；神经中枢的juice n.果汁solo ｎ.独唱(曲)，独奏(曲)a.独自的;独唱(奏)的modification n.改动punch v.冲孔，打孔secondary a.次要的;继发性的;中学的impulse n.冲动，刺激;推动(力);冲力tissue n.纸巾，（生物学）组织promising future 前途大好simplistic a.过份简单化的impression n.印象；看法rebound v.重新跃起；回升nominate vt.提名，推荐;任命，指派chop v.切碎，剁碎，劈，砍vt.(大幅度地)削减，取消n.劈,砍;猪(或羊)排bang v.猛敲，猛撞；发出砰的响声evaluate v.估价，评价，评估lunar a.月球的，月亮的gentleman n.绅士transparent a.透明的;明显的，易识破的destruction n.破坏，毁灭，毁坏image n.(心目中的)形象，印象;映像，图像,肖像practical a.实际的bakelite n.酚醛塑料，酚醛电木computational a.计算的；计算机的explorer trip 探险游历diversity n.多样性，差异capability n.能力，才干succinct a.简明的；简洁的；简要的mythology n.(统称)神话；某文化(或社会等)的神话indifference n.漠然lightweight n.无足轻重者；不能胜任者apparatus n.仪器，设备，装置overwhelming a.压倒一切的；无法抗拒的；巨大的congested a.拥挤的，挤满的，拥塞的;(身体部位)充血的coordinate n.坐标;套装vt.使协调，使相配合；使动作协调;(衣服、布料等)搭配，协调pull for 热情支持plagiarism n.剽窃；抄袭oblige v.(以法律、义务等)强迫，迫使;(根据需求)帮忙，效劳vegetation n.(统称)植物；（尤指某地或环境的)植被，植物群落shore n.海岸correct a.正确的enlightenment n.启迪；开导right a.正确的n.正确ad.向右consecutive a.连续不断的prominent a.重要的，杰出的;显眼的，显著的;突出的，凸现的intense a.十分强烈的，极端的；严肃紧张的，激烈的；密切的cash n.现金，现款v.兑现overload vt.使超载;给…增加负荷;使(计算机)过载，使(电路)过载n.过量，超负荷unrealistic a.不切实际的；不实事求是的impress v.印，盖印；给…留下深刻印象fragile a.易碎的，易损的;脆弱的，虚弱的toothed a.有牙齿的6fertilized a.受精的sightseeing n.观光almost ad.几乎unanimous a.全体一致的,一致同意的melancholy n./a.忧郁(的)，悲伤(的) gland n.腺；密封管overhead projector 投影仪overtake v.超车withness n.目击者,证人vt.当场看到，目击such ad.这样地pron.这样的人a.这样的overstock v.进货过多，库存过多decent a.得体的，适当的;像样的，相当不错的confirmation n.确认regenerate v.新生；重建；改革even a.平坦的ad.即使private contents insurance 私人财物保险punch line n.故事、戏剧、笑话中的妙句；关键句civilization n.文明，文化incongruity n.不合适的，不合时宜murmur v.低语；喃喃细语outspoken a.直言的；坦率的congenital attribute 先天属性kilogram n.千克pup n.幼崽；幼年tan v.晒黑,晒成棕褐色n.晒黑的皮肤；棕褐色a.棕褐色的be used to 习惯于…persist v.顽强地坚持，执著地做;维持，保持，持续存在vegetarian a.吃素的；素食者的；n.素食者drought n.干旱，旱灾，旱季confer on 给予，授予头衔、荣誉勋章等general interest 大众兴趣corrode v.腐蚀，侵蚀opt vi.选择,决定做某事neat a.整洁的power n.力量imagine v.想像pocket n.口袋smother vt.使窒息而死;厚厚地覆盖;忍住，抑制remember v.记住lodge n.乡间小屋，小舍；管理员室，传达室vt.为(某人)提供住宿birth n.出生excuse v.原谅authority n.权威，权力;许可,授权joint a.联合的，共同的n.关节;接头，接合处，接点intensively ad.加强地aerobics n.有氧运动deal with 处理；涉及spiritual a.精神的,心灵的;宗教的gale n.大风，飓风encode vt.把…译成电码(或密码);把…编码stint n.节省，吝惜；分配的工作，工作期限v.节省，吝惜mangrove n.(热带沿海生长的)红树marvelous a.极好的，绝妙的calf n.幼崽principle n.原理，原则;道德原则，规范;基本信念river n.小河growth n.生长；增长，增加reclaim vt.取回，拿回，要求归还;开垦，利用spresent a.当前的n.礼物paperclip n.曲别针cottage n.村舍pleased a.高兴的preparation n.准备cheat n.欺诈;骗子v.欺诈，欺骗;作弊rolling waves 波涛汹涌brilliant a.卓越的；出色的keep in touch 保持联络approximately ad.大约；近似地bleak a.光秃的，荒凉的;无望的，令人沮丧的therefore ad.因此hindsight n.事后的觉悟；事后的聪明chemistry n.化学marshland n.沼泽地glass n.玻璃mentality n.心态；思想状况proposition n.见解；主张；观点mass media 大众传媒across prep.穿过desire v.想要experimentation n.试验；检验onset n.开端，发生(尤指不愉快的事)circulation n.血液循环terrestrial a.陆地的，陆生的，陆栖的exorbitant a.(价格)过高的，高得离谱的specialty n.特产，特色菜;专业,专长flimsy a.软弱无力的；不足信的information booth 咨询台departure lounge 候机室Bolivia n.玻利维亚subsoil n.底土hiccup n.打嗝；短暂的中断；间歇assign v.分配，指派well-being n.健康；安乐；康乐inherit vt.继承(财产、权力等);(经遗传而)得到(品质、特征等)blend v.使混合;协调，融合n.混合物index n.(物价或工资的)指数v.为(某事物)编索引fitness n.健壮，健康;适合，恰当parcel n.包裹address n.地址;演说vt.向…作（正式）讲话，对…发表演说;设法解决,处理confuse vt.使糊涂，使迷惑;混淆，混同7output n.(机器、工人等的）产量gang n.一伙，一帮，一群content n.内容creature n.生物concentration n.专注；专心致志；(饮料)浓度afield ad.远离家乡;去远处，在远方pound n.英镑capricious a.反复无常的，多变的womb n.子宫reaction n.（对情况、行动、影响等做出的）反应，回应oppress vt.压迫，压制(某人);压抑，使窒息，使烦恼sure a.肯定的manoeuvre n.部署，巧妙的调动;策略，花招；军事演习v.(敏捷地)操纵，(灵巧地)移动astound vt.使震惊，使大吃一惊light n.灯光a.轻的v.点亮consist vi.由…组成(或构成);在于，存在于essentially ad.本质上，本来lily n.百合international terminal 国际候机楼reduce v.减少plenty a.许多的assemblage n.与会者；聚集for free 免费的leave v.离开alphabet n.字母表blink v./n.眨眼睛；闪烁，闪光discriminate v.辨别，区分;区别对待，歧视administer v.管理，治理;给予，提供civil a.国民的;民事的;国家的，政府的courier n.信使；信差rude a.粗鲁的nerve n.神经;神经质;勇气vt.鼓足勇气，振作精神produce v.生产toxic a.有毒的，引起中毒的during prep.在…期间rely on 依靠；依赖recruit v.招募(新兵),招收(新成员)n.新兵,新成员，dreadful a.糟糕透顶的，讨厌的railway n.铁路psycholinguistics n.心理语言学soak v.浸泡,湿透strategy n.策略，战略;策划，规划logic n.思维方式，逻辑texture n.质地，外观，手感stagnant a.(指水)因不流动而污浊、腐臭的，静止而不新鲜的resonance n.回响，共振；共鸣scientist n.科学家quality n.质量decibel n.分贝waist n.腰tube n.试管survival a.生存的together ad.一起metropolitan a.大城市的；大都会的severity n.严重性streamline v.使（某事物）效率更高、作用更大（如通过改进或简化工作方法）；精简exemplify vt.是…的榜样;举例说明，例示laptop n.手提电脑rule n.规则v.统治retina n.视网膜emerge vi.出现，浮现，露出;显现，显露relentless a.持续强烈的，不停的;严格的，苛刻的allocation n.配给，分配require v.需要；要求scare n.惊恐，恐慌vt.惊吓，使害怕spoon n.汤匙predecessor n.前任;被替代的事物seek vt.寻找;试图，设法pension n.养老金,退休金，抚恤金brood vi.孵蛋;焦虑，忧思n.一窝(动物);一大家孩子wig n.假发brake n.刹车everlasting a.持续过长的，永久的，永恒的piracy n.非法复制或播放，盗版suntan n.(皮肤的)晒黑chilled a.冰镇的cough v.咳嗽menace n.威胁，危险的人(或物);令人恐怖的氛围;烦人的人，引起麻烦的人vt.危及，威胁到unit n.单位iron a.铁的n.铁intelligent a.聪明的；有才智的；有头脑的bare a.赤裸的，光秃的,无遮盖的;(柜子等)空的;仅够的family doctor 家庭医生vulcanologist n.火山学家congratulate v.祝贺；庆贺；道喜sponge n.海绵，海绵状物vt.用湿布(或海绵)擦vi.白吃，白要，揩油，蹭（饭）homesick a.思乡的，想家的humor n.幽默marquee n.大帐篷；华盖enterprising a.有事业心的；有创新精神的hospital n.医院soup n.汤private address 私人地址line up 排队relative a.相对的strange a.奇怪的，陌生的gallery n.展览馆，画廊;走廊，柱廊fat a.肥胖的8perimeter n.周长format n.样式,格式;(总体的)安排，计划v.格式化excusable a.可原谅的forge vt.锻造;伪造，假冒;艰苦干成，努力加强n.铁匠铺;锻铁炉，锻造车间vacant a.空着的；未被占用的verbal a.文字的，词语的;口头的;(语法)动词的disguise n./v.假扮，伪装drastically ad.非常地hitherto ad.迄今，直到某时be keen on... 热衷于…analysis n.分析goal n.努力的对象；目标priceless a.无价的privilege n.特殊利益，优惠待遇;特权v.给予特权，给予优待launch v./n.发射;使(船)下水;发动，开始从事powder n.粉末opulence n.富裕illegal a.非法的ｌｉｂｅｒｔｙn.自由;放肆，失礼slippery a.滑的property n.财产remark n.评论conviction n.信念，观点；定罪；判刑anxious a.焦虑的sight n.视力radiator n.(取暖用的）散热器；（尤指以热水或蒸汽循环供热的）暖气装置example n.例子expenditure n.花费,支出，消费；(精力、时间、材料等的)耗费，消耗short a.短的；矮的tuition n.学费;(对个人或小组的)教学，讲授，指导add on 附加otherwise ad.否则steam n.蒸汽bar graph 柱状图ｄｉｓｃｈａｒｇｅn.排出(物);获准离开，免职v.准许离开，解雇;发(力)，放(电)implicit a.含蓄的；不明确的finite a.有限的，有限制的competition n.竞赛；竞争hydro-electric power 水力发电gym n.体育馆；健身房intention n.意图；目的；意思international airport 国际机场pudding n.布丁stone n.石头proposal n提议；建议diagnose v.诊断，判断disadvantage n.劣势，坏处bring v.带来tie up 占用（资金等）cement n.水泥bowel n.肠子nickname n.绰号；外号v.给…起绰号suicide n.自杀integrate v.(使)成为一体，(使)合并；（使）加入，融入群体gear n.齿轮，传动装置;设备，用具vt.使与…相适应，使适合于beak n.喙worse a.更坏的better a.较好的stadium n.露天大型运动场lag vi.缓慢移动，落后于n.落后，滞后score n.（比赛中的）得分v.得分removal n.除去;移动，迁移warm-blooded a.温血的；恒温的drunk a.喝醉的attain vt.达到，获得，实现supply n.供给v.供给notational a.符号的piano n.钢琴overseas ad.在海外，在国外a.海外的，国外的mimic v.模仿(人的言行举止);(尤指)做滑稽模仿sort n.种类evolutionarily ad.逐渐地summary n.总结；概述shrewd a.精明的，敏锐的;判断得准的manager n.经理violence n.暴力，暴行;猛烈，激烈crown n.王冠；皇冠residue n.剩余物，残留物;剩余遗产halt n./v.(使)停止，停下delicious a.美味的，可口的standard a.标准的n.标准hop-on hop-off 随上随下hybrid n.混合物a.杂交的，混合而成的reluctant a.不情愿的，勉强的charcoal n.(木)炭diplomatic a.圆通的；灵活变通的；策略的seaweed n.海草，海藻mutual a.相互的，彼此的;共有的，共同的dale n.溪谷repatriate vt.遣送回国，遣返;寄(钱)回国oblivious a.不知道的，未注意的impoverish v.使穷困;使贫瘠，使枯竭rational a.理性的，理智的，明智的lord n.地主largish a.相当大的emission n.排放物；排放气体straightforward a.正直的，坦率的；简单的，易懂的revolution n.巨变；大变革；革命heed vt./n留心，注意，听从comment n.评论，意见，解释v.评论，表达意见hardly ad.几乎不9old-fashioned a.老式的classic a.第一流的，最优秀的;典型的;古朴的n.杰作，名著courtship n.求爱；求偶focal a.焦点的nomadic a.游牧的crocodile n.鳄鱼recreate n.再现immediately ad.立即；马上validate v.验证；确认；使生效equation n.相等；等同看待alienation n.疏远；转让contingent a.取决于的，与…相关的initial a.开始的，最初的，第一的n.首字母lament n.悼词v.对…悲痛，痛惜feather n.羽毛shrink v.(使)缩水，收缩;(使)缩小，减少;退缩，畏缩fossil n.化石;老人，(尤指)老顽固sociology n.社会学vegetarian food 素食stammer ｖ.口吃,结结巴巴地说n.结巴Pacific Ocean 太平洋duty n.责任；义务bust n.胸像，半身像;胸部，胸围vt.打破，打碎motif n.(文学作品或音乐的)主题，动机;装饰图案，装饰图形calculator n.计算器onslaught n.攻击，猛攻levy vt.征收，征(税)earn v.赢得catalogue n.目录pity n.可惜top a.一流的n.顶部contempt n.蔑视，轻蔑;藐视，不顾wastage n.消耗量，损耗dispatch vt./n.派遣，调遣sudden a.突然的association n.社团；协会；学会；联想lagoon n.咸水湖；濒海湖infer vt.推论，推断parliament n.议会speech n.演讲juvenile a.未成年的;幼稚的n.少年，未成年人marine climate 海洋气候stomach n.胃counselor n.顾问legend n.传说，传奇故事；传奇事件，传奇人物stitch n.一针,针脚;缝法，针法v.缝,缝合succession n.连续，一系列;继任，继承，接替irrigate v.灌溉;冲洗(伤口等)arthritis n.关节炎tape v.录音，录像frequent a.常发生的，频繁的chimney n.烟囟mantle n.(可继承的)责任，职责；衣钵;覆盖层;披风，斗篷unique a.唯一的，独一无二的;独具的，特有的concern n.担心，焦虑；v. 是(某人)的事；对…有重要性；影响disparate a.根本不同的，不能比拟的ban n.禁令v.明令禁止(某事物)circus n.马戏团;圆形广场population n.人口miss v.错过，想念related a.有关的mortal a.不能永生的，终将死亡的;致命的n.人，凡人，普通人disqualify vt.使不合格，使不适合，取消(某人)的资格essay n. 短论；文章；短文adjustment n.调整imposing a.壮观的；（外表或举止）令人印象深刻的melatonin n.褪黑激素exchange v.交换，交流;兑换n.交流，交易，兑换;交易所rectify vt.纠正(某事物)，矫正，改正marble n.大理石chimpanzee n.猩猩rubber n.橡胶feature n.特色，特征;面貌，相貌vt.以…为特色，是…的特征;占重要地位differentiate vi.区分，辨别partinent a.有关的；中肯的；恰当的stem n.茎，(树)干;词干v.源自，起源于;止住，遏制percent n./a.百分比insularity n.与外界隔绝的生活状况；（思想、观点等的）偏狭tolerance n.容忍；忍受；宽容habitat n.栖息地，生活环境risk n.风险desertcould v.能，会gate/departure gate 登机口infirmity n.衰弱generate vt.引起，产生comedy n.喜剧，喜剧片;滑稽，幽默magic a.神奇的bolt n.门闩，螺钉freeze v.结冰；凝固slogan n.标语；口号should v.应该multiply v.(使)增加;(使)繁殖;乘hilarious a.十分有趣的；非常滑稽的arteriosclerosis n.动脉硬化yearly a.每年的spit n.唾沫v.吐(唾沫、食物等);啐唾沫(常表示愤怒或鄙视)side bar 侧柱charity ball 慈善舞会10take a look around 到处看看genetics n.遗传学rise v.升起invitation n.邀请legal a.法律的;合法的hopefully ad.抱有希望地toxin n.毒素revolve vi.旋转，环绕，转动consolidation n.巩固dirty a.脏的sublime a.伟大的；崇高的；令人崇敬的wound v.受伤social life 社交生活counting house (昔日的）账房，会计室scope n.(题目、组织、活动等的)范围;余地，机会application form 申请表later on 稍后ivory n.象牙;象牙色，乳白色a.象牙制的，象牙色的，乳白色的outside ad.外面sore a.(发炎)疼痛的;气恼的，愤慨的n.痛处,伤处,疮口pride n.骄傲parallel n.相似特征;相似物;纬线a.同类的,类似的;平行的v.与…相似shredder n.切碎机；碎纸机deficiency n.缺乏，短缺;缺点，毛病permit n.许可ingredient n.成分;材料,要素consistently ad.一贯地，坚持地grasp vt./n.抓紧，抓牢;领会，理解custom n.风俗repetition n.重复，重做，重说;重做的事，重说的话genetical a.遗传的wish n.愿望pace n.(走或跑的)一步，一步的距离online a.在线的vain a.徒劳的；枉然的suggest v.建议aquarium n.水族馆injunction n.禁令assertive a.坚定而有信心的party n.党；聚会subtle a.不易察觉的，微妙的;机智的，机巧的tunnel n.隧道，地道v.挖地道the European Renaissance 欧洲文艺复兴explode v.爆炸;激增，突增confirmed a.证实的；确认的alarming a.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的notice n.通知v.注意ambiguity n.含糊不清equipment n.设备calamity n.灾祸，灾难semantic a.语义的extend vt.扩大…的范围;延长，扩展;提供，给予sensation n.感觉limit v.限制n.限制melt v.(使)融化，(使)熔化;(使)消散landward a.向陆地的，向岸的ad.向陆地echolocation n.回声定位法actual a.真的rigid a.死板的，僵硬的;固执的dwarf ｎ.(神话中的)小矮人;矮子，侏儒vt.使显得矮小，使相形见绌frequency n.频率pursue v.追寻；追求domestic a.本国的，国内的;家用的，家庭的n.家佣，佣人envy n.羡慕，忌妒v.羡慕；忌妒impressive figure 庞大的数字goods to declare 报关物品depend v.取决于in total 总共turn out 生产curb v.防止（某事物）失控；约束booklet n.小册子prevalent a.流行的，普遍存在的，盛行的admit v.(不情愿地)认可，承认lounge n.(旅馆、俱乐部等的）休息室profit n.利润;益处v.获利，有益于serve v.服务negotiate v.谈判，磋商，协商engineer n.工程师clinic n.诊所，门诊部yard n.场院obese a.(人)臃肿的，病态肥胖的thermosetting a.热定型的，热固的label n.标签，标记;称谓，叫法vt.贴标签于;把…称为wire n.电线astronomer n.天文学家stale a.不新鲜的;陈腐的isolated a.隔离的；孤立的；单独的antiquated a.陈旧的abound vi.(物产)丰富;富于，充满facade n.(建筑物的)正面;(虚假的)外表penetration n.穿过，渗透cautious a.小心的；谨慎的machinery n.机器，机械;机构，体制behave vi.表现，举止linger vi.继续存留;流连，徘徊，磨蹭;苟延残喘curative a.医疗的；有疗效的brink n.(峭壁、河岸等的)边沿，边缘copper n.紫铜circumstance n.境况；境遇brush n.刷子recede vi.逐渐远离(远去);(尤指问题、感情等)逐渐减弱，慢慢变小leave...out 省略；排除evolve v.(使)发展;(使)进化industrious a.勤奋的，勤劳的11。

Unit 147.inherit41.acquire1.adolescence48.interact42.develop2.adulthood49.nurture43.gesture3.bond50.play a role44.grow4.brotherhood51.relate to45.imitate5.character46.look back6.childhood Unit 247.master7.conflict 1.ability48.mature8.connection 2.adolescent49.remember9.fatherhood 3.behavior50.remind10.friendship 4.childhood51.reminisce11.instinct 5.concept52.throw a tantrum12.interaction 6.consequence53.visualize13.motherhood7.gesture54.typically14.nature8.growth55.bear in mind15.parent9.height56.broaden the mid16.relation10.imagination57.have sth in mind/have sth17.relationship11.infancy on your mind18.relative12.infant58.it slipped my mind19.resemblance13.knowledge59.keep an open mind20.rivalry14.maturity60.my mind went blank21.sibling15.memory61.put your mind at easeestone23.temperament17.mind Unit324.ties18.peers 1.allergy25.upbringing19.period 2.anxiety26.active role20.phase 3.appetite27.extended family21.rate 4.artery28.family gathering22.reminder 5.asset29.immediate family23.social skills 6.benefit30.maternal instinct24.skill7.craving31.sibling rivalry25.stage8.depression32.stable upbringing26.toddler9.diagnosis33.striking resemblance27.transition10.diet34.close28.abstract11.dietician35.close-knit29.cognitive12.disease36.maternal30.clumsy13.(eating) disorder37.parental31.fond14.exercise38.rewarding32.fully -grown15.factor39.stable33.immature16.fast food40.accommodate34.independent17.fat41.adopt35.irresponsible18.harm42.break down36.mature19.health43.develop37.patient20.heart attack44.endure38.rebellious21.infection45.establish39.significant22.ingredients46.have sth in common40.tolerate23.insomnia24.intake46.improve25.junk food Unit447.motivate26.muscle 1.activity48.participate27.nutrient 2.aspect49.regret28.nutrition 3.attitude50.relax29.obesity 4.(achieve)balance51.satisfy30.onset petition52.lead a happy life31.portion 6.creativity53.live life on the edge32.risk7.daily routine54.live life to the full33.serving8.desire55.make a choice34.stress9.disappointment56.make a decision35.stroke10.experience57.make a living36.treatment11.fulfillment58.meet a need37.therapy12.goal59.miss(an opportunity)38.variety13.hobby60.paly a role39.weight14.insight61.put pressure on40.acute15.leisure62.set (a goal)41.allergic16.lifestyle63.take part (in)42.alternate17.optimist64.work hard for a living43.brisk18.outlook65.all walks of life44.chronic19.opportunity66.cost of living45.harmful20.personality67.lifelong ambition46.healthy21.pessimist68.living expense47.infectious22.priority69.once in a life opportunity48.moderate23.pressure70.standard of living49.obese24.realist71.way of life50.overweight25.risk -taker72.Unit 551.persistent26.self-expression73.assignment52.regular27.sense74.college53.vital28.active75.controversy54.avoid29.bored76.curriculum55.counteract30.confused77.dissertationcation57.cure32.intense79.exam58.diminish33.materialistic80.field59.disrupt34.negative81.findings60.eliminate35.outdoor82.funding61.maintain36.positive83.grade62.overdo37.recreational84.graduation63.overeat38.successful85.grant64.prevent39.achieve86.high school65.recommend40.appeal87.homework66.recover41.attract88.junior school67.reduce42.choose89.kindergarten68.skip43.express90.learning disorder69.stimulate44.enjoy91.lecturer70.trigger45.fulfill92.library93.limits munication for94.Masters 3.concept49.needless to say95.nursery 4.conjecture50.have a say96.PhD 5.dialect51.when all is said and done97.primary school 6.fluency52.having said that98.program7.gesture53.to say the least99.project8.hesitation54.you can say that again 100. nguage55.that is to say101. nguage barrier102. results11.linguist Unit 7103. scholarship12.linguistics 1.accommodation104. scope13.means of communication 2.attraction105. secondary school14.mother tongue munity106. source15.native speaker 4.countryside107. syllabus16.pronunciation 5.destination108. task17.sign language 6.eco-tiourism109. theory18.vocabulary7.effect110. thesis19.incoherent8.facilities111. tutor20.inherent9.identification112. topic21.sophisticated10.inhabitant113. university22.spontaneous11.itinerary114. academic23.clarify12.journey115. ndscape116. prehend14.luggage117. postgraduate26.conclude15.peak118. relevant27.confirm16.tourism119. senior28.converse17.tourist120. single-sex29.define18.transport121. studious30.demonstrate19.travel122. work -related31.distinguish20.traveling123. adopt32.emerge21.trend124. analyse33.evolve22.trip125. conduct34.explain23.village126. concentrate35.express24.adventurous127. consider36.gesture25.budget128. find out37.illustrate26.breathtaking129. graduate38.imply27.coastal130. learn39.indicate28.cosmopolitan131. organise40.pronounce29.diverse132. overcome41.recall30.flexible133. review42.refer31.foreign134. revise43.signify32.local135. struggle44.state33.luxurious136. take (a course)45.stutter34.mountainous46.suggest35.peacefulUnit 647.translate36.picturesque1.accuracy48.there is nothing to be said37.polluted38.quaint34.spend time81.resistant39.remote35.take so long82.semi-arid40.rough36.the right time83.tropical41.rural37.chronologically84.vulnerable42.scenic38.formerly85.wild43.stunning39.previously86.adaptbat45.traditional41.Unit 988.cultivate46.unspoilt42.agriculture89.eradicate47.urban43.animal kingdom90.evolve48.affect44.burrow91.hibernate49.fluctuate45.climate92.tolerate46.cropsUnit 847.decline Unit 101.age48.den 1.asteroid2.archaeologist49.disaster 2.astronaut3.century50.ecological 3.atmosphere4.decade51.ecology 4.cosmos5.era52.evolution 5.crater6.evidence53.extinction 6.debris7.excavation54.fauna7.Earth8.generation55.flora8.exploration9.the Middle Ages56.genetics9.explorerlennia57.habitat10.galaxy11.period58.human nature11.gas12.phase59.insect12.gravity13.pioneer60.Mother Nature13.horizonunch15.ancient62.predator15.meteor16.chronological63.prey16.moon17.consecutive64.repercussion17.ocean18.historical65.scent18.orbit19.imminent66.species19.outer space20.middle -aged67.soil20.planet21.nostalgic68.vegetation21.radiation22.prehistoric69.vermin22.rocket23.prior (to)70.weed23.satellite24.punctual71.arid24.simulator25.time -consuming72.catastrophic25.solar system26.erode73.disastrous26.space27.infer74.domesticated27.spacecraft28.predate75.endangered28.space shuttle29.span76.extinct29.space station30.in time77.genetically -modified30.surface31.lose track of time78.introduce31.universe32.on time79.native32.weightlessness33.save mercial34.cosmic22.residence69.maintain35.extreme23.skyscraper70.occupy36.gravitational24.staircase71.reconstruct37.horizontal25.steel72.renovate38.inevitable26.storage73.support39.lunar27.structure74.trigger40.meteoric28.tension41.outer29.timber Unit 1242.solar30.airy 1.automatic pilot43.terrestrial31.conventional puterisation44.toxic32.cosy 3.connection45.uninhabitable33.cramped 4.data46.universal34.curved 5.device47.unmanned35.disposable 6.function48.acclimatise36.domestic7.gadget49.colonise37.exterior8.the Internet50.explore38.functional9.key-board51.float39.futuristic10.keypadptop53.propel41.innovative12.the latest54.rotate42.internal13.memory55.sustain43.mass-produced14.monitor56.simulate44.modern15.patent57.undergo45.multi -storey16.program46.old -fashioned17.prototypeunit 1147.ornate18.remote control1.balcony48.prefabricated19.silicon chip2.brick49.single-storey20.technology3.building50.spacious21.telecommunications4.ceiling51.state-of-the-art22.vision5.concrete52.traditional23.wireless connection6.construction53.two pactputerised8.design55.ultra -modern26.cutting -edge9.device56.activate27.cyber10.elevator57.automate28.dated11.engineering58.build29.digitalbour -saving13.gadget60.construct31.portable14.housing61.decorate32.state -of-the-art15.innovation62.demolish33.up-to -dateer-friendlyndmark64.develop35.virtual18.lift shaft65.devise36.wireless connection19.occupant66.haul37.access20.platform67.hoist38.connect21.quarry68.invent39.download40.display37.global84.catastrophic41.envisage38.local85.crowded42.operate39.long-term86.decent43.revolutionize40.mid -term87.developing44.scroll41.multicultural88.double -edged45.speculate42.productive89.isolated46.store43.sceptical90.one-sided47.surpass44.short -term91.long -sighted48.automatically45.subsequent92.long -term46.wealthy93.overpriced Unit 1347.worldwide94.overworkedpound95.pressing2.brand49.contribute96.rural3.culture50.decline97.short -sighted4.cycle51.diminish98.short -term5.demographics52.dominate99.staggering6.development53.dwindle100. tolerant7.diversity54.factor101. address8.globalization55.indicate102. adjust9.hindsight56.merge103. aggravate10.icon57.migrate104. cause11.identity58.Unit14105. compete12.implication59.benefit106. compound13.impact60.challenge107. deal ithpromise108. deteriorate15.influence62.difficulty109. enhance16.industry63.dilemma110. exacerbate17.isolation64.inhabitant111. exclude18.joint venture65.infrastructure112. face19.(have a) monopoly66.isolation113. flourish20.market67.issue114. identity21.modernisation68.megacity115. improve22.multiculturalism69.migrant116. include23.percentage70.obstacle117. linger24.population71.overpopulation118. modify25.prediction72.population119. overcome26.projection73.poverty120. present27.proportion74.resolution121. raise28.rate75.setback122. reform29.statistics76.slum123. regulate30.trend77.solution124. remedy31.ageing78.tolerance125. resolve32.current79.traffic126. tackle33.demographic80.urbanisation127. tolerate34.elderly81.adequate128. transform35.ethnic82.basic129. worsen36.exotic83.booming130. find a solution131. overcome a difficulty42.insoluble20.alternative 132. reach/find a compromise43.irreparable21.critical133. remedy a situation44.irreversible22.disposable 134. resolve an issue45.liable23.critical46.life -threatening24.disposable Unit 1547.pervasive25.drastic1.acid rain48.pointless26.eco-friendly2.biodiversity49.pristine27.efficient3.climate change50.questionable28.effective4.contamination51.recyclable29.environmentally5.deforestation52.sustainable30.nuclear6.disposal53.taxing31.rechargeable7.drought54.unattainable32.renewable8.ecosystem55.unlikely33.solar9.emission56.unprecedented34.unleaded10.the eless35.absorb11.erosion58.viable36.conserve12.exhaust59.vital37.consume13.fertilizer60.worthwhile38.convert14.flood61.confront39.counter15.food chain62.contaminate40.deplete16.fumes63.dispose of41.diminish17.greenhouse gases64.dump42.discharge18.impact65.threaten43.dwindle19.pollution66.inexorably44.emit20.process67.inevitably45.expend21.strain46.limit22.threat Unit 1647.maintain23.waste 1.atmosphere48.outweigh24.achievable 2.balance49.preserve25.advantageous 3.biofuel50.retain26.at risk 4.carbon51.waste27.beneficial 5.carbon dioxide28.chronic 6.crisis Unit 1729.conceivable7.electricity 1.advertisement30.contaminated8.emissions 2.advertising31.devastating9.exhaust 3.boss32.doubtful10.fossil fuel 4.campaign33.environmental11.fuel 5.candidate34.environmentally friendly12.gas 6.career35.feasible13.greenhouse gas7.clerk36.fruitless14.hybrid8.client37.futile15.hydrogen9.colleaguepany39.impracticable17.resource11.consumer40.improbable18.turbine12.credibility41.in danger of19.vehicle13.customer14.earnings61.hospitality29.prosecutor15.employment62.monotonous30.protection16.experience63.part -time31.punishment17.goods64.retail32.recklessness18.income65.redundant33.smuggling19.industry66.rewarding34.social system20.interview67.unemployed35.swearing21.job68.unskilled36.the accused22.job satisfaction69.apply37.toxic wstepete38.vandalism24.management71.earn39.victim25.manual work72.endorse40.violation26.market73.invest in41.criminal27.marketing74.persuade42.drug -related28.meeting75.to be promted43.evil29.money76.request44.guilty30.niche77.retire45.harsh31.occupation46.innocent32.office Unit 1847.intentional33.overtime w -abiding34.packaging 2.arson49.non -violent35.pay 3.authority50.offensive36.perk 4.burglary51.on trial37.product 5.consequences52.petty38.profession 6.convict53.punishable39.prospect7.crime54.random40.qualification8.crime rate55.strict41.retirement9.criminal56.unintentional42.salary10.deterrent57.victimless43.shares11.evidence58.abide by44.shift work12.fine59.abolishbat46.staff14.imprisonment61.deter47.supervisor15.inequality62.enforce48.takeover16.intent63.imprison49.target17.intrusion64.monitor50.trade18.judge65.obey51.trend19.jury66.offend52.unemployment20.kidnapping67.perpetratewyer68.prevent54.workforce22.motive69.protect55.workplace23.murder70.prove56.casual24.offence71.punish57.demanding25.pickpocketing72.resent58.economic26.prevention73.respect59.economical27.prison74.violate60.exhausting28.property crime75.accept the consequencesmit a crime41.attention grabbing14.crafts77.convict a criminal42.biased15.creation78.impose a fine43.celebrity16.culture79.pass a law44.controversial17.emotion80.solve a crime45.distorted18.exhibition46.entertaining19.expressionUnit 1947.factual20.festivalrmative21.gallery2.attitude49.intrusive22.image3.author50.investigative23.imagination4.bias51.mainstream24.influence5.censorship52.pervasive25.inspiration6.challenge53.realistic26.intimacy7.credibility54.sensationalist27.literature8.current affairs55.superficial28.mood9.editor56.unbiased29.musician10.expose57.well -informed30.opera11.exposure58.affect31.orchestra12.fame59.broadcast32.panting13.free press60.censor33.performance14.ideology61.control34.the performing arts15.influence62.exploit35.play16.the Internet63.expose36.portraitrm37.proportion18.issue65.intrude38.reflection19.journal66.invade39.response20.journalism67.investigate40.sculptor21.mass media68.publicize41.sculpture22.media69.publish42.stimuluswork70.report43.style24.the news71.review44.taste25.newspaper72.verify45.theater26.newsstand46.theme27.opinion Unit 2047.venue28.paparazzi 1.actor48.works29.press 2.actress49.writer30.publication 3.aesthetic50.abstract31.publicity 4.appreciation51.accomplished32.publisher 5.artefact52.aesthetic33.relevance 6.artist53.burgeoning34.safeguard7.atmosphere54.classical35.source8.audience55.creative36.speculation9.ballerina56.cultural37.tabloid10.ballet57.distracting38.the Web11.carving58.eclectic39.alternative12.conception59.electric40.artificial13.concert60.emotional61.fundamental62.imaginative63.influential64.inspirational65.interactive66.literacy67.live68.magical69.monotonous70.mundane71.passionate72.popular73.prominent74.relaxing75.stimulating76.visual77.vivid78.choreograph79.create80.depict81.enrich82.escape83.imagine84.influence85.inspire86.participate87.perform88.provoke89.transcend。

《剑桥雅思1—7》阅读超高频词汇系列state n. 情形, 国家, 政府, 州vt.声明, 陈述, 规定statement n.声明, 陈述special adj.特别的, 专门的especially adv.尤其，特别specialist n. 专家specialization n.特殊化, 专门化specialise v.专业化，专门研究species n.种类specialised adj. 专门的/专科的speciality n.特性, 特质, 专业specify vt.指定, 详细说明specific adj.详细而精确的specifically adv.特定的, 明确的differ vi.不同difference n.差异, 差别different adj.不同的differentiate v.区别, 区分appropriate adj.适当的inappropriate adj.不适当的staff n. 全体职员contradict vt.同...矛盾contradiction n.反驳, 矛盾contrary adj.相反的, 逆的contrast vt.使与...对比n.对比, 对照claim n.(根据权利提出)要求, 主张vt.(根据权利)要求, 主张reclamation n.收回，开垦claimant n.（根据权利）提出要求者reclaim vt.要求归还，开垦similar adj.相似的, 类似的similarly adv.同样地, 类似于similarity n.类似, 类似处assimilation n.同化evidence n.明显, 显著，证据evident adj.明显的, 显然的major n. 主修课vi.主修adj.主修的，主要的majority n.多数, 大半further adj.更远的, 更多的vt.促进, 增进, 助长furthermore adv.此外, 而且involve t.包括,使陷于involvement n.连累/包含revolve v.旋转revolution n.革命，旋转revolutionary adj.革命的，全新的n.革命者revolutionise vt.使彻底改变evolve vt. (使)进化, (使)发展evolution n. 进化, 发展evolutionary adj.进化的complete adj.全部的, 完全的vt.完成, 使完善completely adv.十分, 完全地completion n.完成accomplish vt.完成，实现accomplishment n.完成，成就suit v.适合n.一套衣服suitable adj.适当的, 相配suitcase n.手提箱, 衣箱person n.人, 身体personal adj.私人的, 个人的personalize v.使成私人的, 人格化personality n.个性, 人格personnel n.人员, 职员accommodate vt.容纳accommodation n.住处economy n.经济, 节约economic adj.经济(上)的economical adj.节约的economist n.经济学者, 经济家economics n.经济学alter v.改变alternative n.二选一, 可选择的办法, 事物adj.选择性的, 二中择一的alternate adj.交替的, 轮流的v.交替, 轮流, 改变effect n.效果,影响effective adj.有效的effectiveness n.效力effort n.努力/成就affect vt.影响, 感动affection n. 影响, 爱情,affective adj.情感的affecting adj. 动人的efficient adj.(直接)生效的/有效率的efficiency n.效率/功效sufficient adj.充分的，足够的insufficient adj.不足的，不够的experiment n.实验, 试验vi.进行实验, 做试验experimental adj.实验的experimentation n.实验, 试验, 实验法experimenter n.实验者approach n.接近, 方法vt.接近approachability n.可接近previous adj.在前的, 早先的gene n. [遗传]基因genetic adj.遗传的genetics n.遗传学object n.物体, 目标, 宾语, 对象vi.反对, 拒绝, 抗议objection n.异议,拒绝objective n.目标, 目的adj.客观的amount n.数量vi.(to) 总计, 等于mean adj.低劣的,吝啬的vt.意谓n.平均数meaning n.意义, 含意meaningful adj.意味深长的coal n.煤coal-mining n.挖煤quality n.质量, 品质, 性质qualify v.(使)具有资格/证明合格qualification n.资格, 条件qualitative adj.性质上的, 定性的medicine n.药, 医学medical adj.医学的/内科的medication n.药物治疗/药物处理/药物term n.学期,条款,术语termly adj.定期的, 每一期的terminology n.术语学perform vt.履行, 执行, 表演performance n.履行,成绩,表演subject n.题目/学科/实验对象adj.受制于...的, 受...影响的, subjective adj.主观的, 个人的sense n.官能, 感觉, 意义vt.感到, 理解, 认识sensation n.感觉, 感情sensor n.传感器sensitive adj.敏感的, 灵敏的sensitivity n.敏感, 灵敏(度)sensory adj.感觉的, 感官的sensus n. 感觉present n.赠品, 礼物, 现在adj.现在的, 出席的vt.赠送, 上演, 提出, 呈现presence n.出席,存在present-day n.互赠礼物的节日presentation n.陈述, 赠送, 表达presently adv.目前, 不久represent vt.表现/描绘, 代表representation n.代表，表现, 陈述representative n.代表adj.典型的, 有代表性的particular adj.特殊的,独特的n.细节, 详细particulate n.微粒adj.微粒的union n.联合,联盟, 协会unify vt.统一, 使成一体uniform n.制服adj.相同的uniformity n.同样, 一致unique adj.唯一的, 独特的unit n.个体, (计量)单位united adj.联合的, 团结的, 一致unity n.团结, 联合, 统一universe n.宇宙, 世界university n.(综合)大学company n.公司, 陪伴accompany vt.陪伴, 伴奏survey n.调查vt.调查surveyor n.测量员, 检查员count n.计算vt.计算，认为有价值account n.计算, 账目vi.说明,认为accountant n.会计(员)/会计师accounting n.会计学accountancy n.会计师之职, 会计学significant adj.有意义的, 重要的significance n.意义, 重要性signification n.含义organ n.[机]机构, 机关, [生物]器官organic adj.器官的, 有机的, 组织的organism n.生物体, 有机体organize vt.组织, 使有机化organization n.组织, 机构organizational adj.组织的organiser n.组织者position n.位置/职位vt.安置/决定...的位置post n.邮件/邮政/岗位/职位/柱vt.张贴/邮递complex adj.复杂的,综合的n.联合体complexity n.复杂性complicated adj.复杂的/难解的vehicle n.交通工具, 车辆vehicular adj.车的, 用车辆运载的loan n.（借出的）贷款, 借出v.借, 借给access n.通路/入门accessible adj.易接近的/可到达的accessory n.附件/零件adj.附属的, 补充的vision n.视力, 视觉, 想象力visual adj.看的, 视觉的visional adj.梦幻般的visible adj.看得见的, 明显的invisible adj.看不见的, 无形的visit n.访问, 游览, 参观vt.访问, 参观visitor n.访问者, 游客warehouse n.仓库, 货栈vt.贮入仓库warrant n.授权,根据,许可证vt.保证, 辩解,批准speech n.演说situation n.情形, 境遇, (建筑物等的)位置situate vt.使位于, 使处于greenhouse n.温室progress n.前进, 进步vi.前进, 进步progressive adj.前进的,进步的progression n.行进pop n.流行乐曲, 流行艺术adj.流行的, 热门的popular adj.流行的, 受欢迎的popularity n.普及, 流行populace n.平民population n.人口temperature n.温度temperate n.（气候）温和的，有节制的temperate-climate n.宜人的气候temper n.性情, 脾气vary vt.改变,使多样化various adj.不同的, 各种各样的variety n.变化, 多样性, 种类variation n.变更, 变化variable n.变量adj.可变的variability n.可变性impact n.冲击影响, 效果vt.撞击，对...发生影响facility n.便利, 敏捷/设备facilitate vt.使容易, 使便利facilitator n.使顺利进行的人或物form n.形状/形式/表格v.形成/构成formal adj.正式的,形式的formality n.礼节/仪式format n.形式, 格式vt.安排...的格局formation n.形成, 构成formative adj.格式化的formulate vt.用公式表示, 明确地表达v.阐明formulation n.用公式表示, 明确地表达former adj.从前的, 以前的potential adj.潜在的n.潜能, 潜力potentiality n.潜能sum n.总数，金额summary n.摘要, 概要summarise vt.概括，总结thief n.小偷, 贼theft n.偷, 行窃delta n.（河流的）三角洲necessary n.必需品adj.必要的, 必需的necessity n.必要性, 需要, 必需品describe vt.描写, 形容description n.描写, 形容describable adj.可记述的, 可描写的produce n.产物vt.生产/制造producer n.生产者, 制作者reproduce v.繁殖，翻印，重现reproduction n.繁殖，拷贝，复制品product n.产品, 产物production n.生产, 产品productive adj.生产性的, 多产的productivity n.生产力public n.公众/公共场所adj.公共的/公立的publicise vt.宣扬publicity n.公开publish vi.出版, 刊印vt.公布, 发表publication n.出版物, 出版, 公布publisher n.出版者, 发行人academic adj.学院的, 理论的academy n.学会, 学术团体, 学院general n.普通,；将军adj.普通的, 概括的generally adv.一般, 通常generalise vt.归纳, 概括, 推广generalisation n.普遍化；概括physical adj.身体的, 物理的physiology n.生理学physiological adj.生理学的nickel n.[化]镍, 镍币issue n.问题；发行, vi.发行, 发布therapy n.治疗therapist n.临床医学家policy n.政策, 方针politics n.政治, 政治学political adj.政治的, 行政上的politician n.政治家, 政客police n.警察机关, 公安部门adj.有关警察的require vt.需要, 要求requirement n.需求, 要求,需要的东西requisite adj.需要的,必备的n.必需品request vt.请求, 要求n.请求, 要求success n.成功, 成就successful adj.成功的succeed vi.(in) 成功vt.继任, 继承successive adj.继承的, 连续的succession n.连续, 继承stage n.舞台, 戏剧；阶段，时期vt.上演, 筹备, 举行community n.公社, 团体, 社会communist n.共产主义者, 共产党员adj.共产主义者的communicate v.沟通, 通信communication n.交通, 通讯communicative adj.爱说话的, 畅谈的communicator n.交流者, 发报机absence n.缺席, 缺乏absent adj.缺席的, 缺少的absenteeism n.旷课, 旷工origin n.起源, 由来original adj.最初的, 原始的, 独创的n.原物, 原作originality n.创意originate vt.发起, 创办vi.起源, 发生aboriginal adj.土著的aborigines n.土著居民create vt.创造, 创作creation n.创造, 创作物creative adj.创造性的creativity n.创造力, 创造creature n.创造物recreation n.消遣，娱乐associate vt.使发生联系, 使联合vi.交往, 结交association n.协会, 联合, 结交lingual adj.语言的linguistic adj.语言上的, 语言学上的linguistics n.语言学linguist n.语言学家bilingual adj.能说两种语言的n.双语者tradition n.传统, 惯例traditional adj.传统的, 惯例的divide v.划分, 分开division n.分开, 区分, 除法divisible adj.可分的emit vt.发出, 放射, 散发emission n.(光、热等的)散发, 发射region n.区域, 地方regional adj.地方地, 地域性地establish vt.建立, 设立,；安置, 使定居establishment n.确立, 制定, 设施commerce n.商业commercial adj.商业的/贸易的commercialise vt.使商业化merchant商人merchandise n.商品，货物vt.推销（商品或服务）commercialisation n.商业化，商品化essence n.基本, 本质essential adj.本质的, 基本的tablet n.药片, 小块surface n.表面, 外表adj.表面的, 肤浅的function n.功能, 作用vi.(器官等)活动, 运行, 行使职责functional adj.功能的nature n.自然, 本性natural adj.自然的，天生的naturalistic adj.自然主义的naturalism n.自然主义finance n.财政, 金融vt.供给...经费, 负担经费financial adj.财政的, 金融的coach n.长途汽车, 教练v.训练, 指导relate vt.使联系, 发生关系relation n.关系, 联系relationship n.关系, 关联relative n.亲戚, 关系词adj.有关系的, 相对的, 比较而言的relatively adv. 相关地native n.本地人, 土产adj.本国的, 本地的steam n.蒸汽vi.蒸发theory n.理论, 学说theoretical adj. 理论的theorist n.理论家withdraw vt.收回, 撤消vi.缩回, 退出v.撤退sediment n.沉淀物, 沉积sedimentation n.沉积作用principle n.法则, 原则, 原理principal n.负责人, 首长, 校长adj.主要的, 首要的institute n.学会, 学院, 协会vt.创立, 开始, 制定institution n.团体, 制度，惯例institutional adj.团体的，惯例的institutionalise v.使制度化character n.(事物的)特性/特征, (人的)品质/人物characterise vt.表现...的特色/刻画的...性格characteristic adj.特有的, 表示特性的n.特性, 特征destroy vt.破坏, 毁坏destruction n.破坏, 毁灭destructive adj.破坏(性)的lead vt.领导, 引导n.领导, 领先; 铅leadership n.领导能力, 领导阶层leading adj.领导的, 第一位的, 最主要的apply vt.申请, 应用application n.请求, 申请; 应用applicant n.申请者endanger vt.危及endangered adj.（生命等）有危险的,濒危的marble n.大理石adj.大理石的, 冷酷无情的, 坚硬的value n.价值, 估价, 评价vt.估价, 评价valuable adj.贵重的, 有价值的evaluate vt.评价, 估计evaluation n.估价, 评价invaluable adj.无价的, 价值无法衡量的series n.连续, 系列, 丛书serial n.连载小说，连续剧wheel n.车轮, 轮子extinct adj.灭绝的extinction n.灭绝machine n.机器, 机械machinery n.[总称] 机器, 机械mechanical adj.机械的, 机械制的mechanism n.机械装置, 机构, 机制circle n.圆周, 圆形物, 循环v.环绕，盘旋circuit n.电路, 一圈,巡回circulation n.循环, 流通circumscribe vt.在...周围画线, 限制circumstance n.环境, 境况example n.例子, 实例exemplify vt.例证, 例示, 作为...例子erode vt.侵蚀, 腐蚀erosion n.侵蚀, 腐蚀athlete n.运动员athletic adj.运动的athletics n.运动credit n.信用，信任；学分；存款vt.信任；存入帐户accredited adj.官方认可的/公认的discredited adj.未被认可的，败坏名声的credible adj.可信的，可靠的incredible adj.不可信的，不可靠的credibility n.可信性，可靠性sake n. for the sake of: 为了…的好处着想anthropology n.人类学anthropological adj.人类学的anthropologist n.人类学者society n.社会, 社团social adj.社会的, 社交的socialise v.使社会化sociology n.社会学sociological adj.社会学的add vt.增加,计算...总和addition n.增加, 增加物, 加法additional adj.附加的carbon n.[化]碳carbolic adj.碳的leisure n.空闲, 闲暇concern vt.涉及, 关系到n.(利害)关系, 关心concentrate v.集中, 浓缩concentration n.集中, 专心, 浓缩rate n.比率, 速度, 费用vt.评价, 值得ratio n.比率reflect v.反射/反映/表现reflection n.反射/倒影reflex adj.反射的/反作用的n.反射/反映proportion n.比例, 均衡vt.使成比例, 使均衡disproportionate adj.不成比例的contain vt.包含, 容纳container n.容器direct adj.径直的, 直接的vt.指引, 指示, 导演direction n.方向, 指导director n.主管, 导演directory n.姓名，地址录erupt vt.喷发eruption n.喷发site n.地点, 场所vt.定...的地点archaeology n.考古学archaeological adj.考古学的archaeologist n.考古学家mould n.模具v.铸造vote n.投票, 选票,得票数vi.投票vt.投票, 公认voter n.投票者,有投票权者occur vi.发生, 存在occurrence n.发生, 事件private adj.私人的, 私有的privacy n.隐私analyse vt.分析, 分解analysis n.分析, 分解analyst n.分析家, 分解者analytical adj.分析的, 解析的breed v.(使)繁殖,抚养n.品种, 种类inbreed vt.生育, 生产fuel n.燃料vt.加燃料pattern n.模范, 式样vt.模仿, 仿造patterning n. 图案装饰, 图案结构extra adj.额外的extraordinary adj.非常的,非凡的attempt n.尝试, 企图vt.尝试, 企图intelligent adj.聪明的, 伶俐的intelligence n.智力, 聪明, 智能intellectual adj.智力的, 有智力的n.知识分子annual n.年刊, 年鉴adj.一年一次的, 每年的ensure vt.保证, 担保, 使安全assure vt.断然地说, 保证, 担保assurance n.确信, 断言,担保insure vt.给...保险insurance n.保险crystal adj.结晶状的n.水晶, 结晶, 晶体disease n.疾病, 弊病positive adj.肯定的, 积极的adj.[数]正的adj.[电]阳的motion n.运动, 动作v.运动motivate v.激发motivation n.动机motor n.发动机, 汽车motive adj.发动的/运动的n.动机, 目的motorway n.汽车高速公路motorist n.乘汽车者victim n.受害人,牺牲品press n.压, 印刷, 压力, 新闻vt.压, 紧抱, 逼迫pressure n.压, 压力suppress v.隐瞒，克制，镇压depress v.使沮丧，减少depression n.沮丧，经济萧条oppress v.压迫，使担心oppression n.压迫，压抑invent vt.发明, 创造nvention n.发明, 创造inventive adj.善于创造的, 发明的structure n.结构,建筑物vt.建筑, 构成infrastructure n.基础设施construct vt.建造, 构造construction n.建筑, 建筑物measure n.尺寸, 测量, 措施vt.测量, 测度, 估量measurement n.测量法, (量得的)尺寸measurable adj.可测量的demand n.要求, 需求(量) v.要求, 需要demanding adj.过分要求的, 苛求的continue v.继续, 连续continuity n.连续性, 连贯性continuous adj.连续的, 持续的continual adj.频繁的, 持续不断的hemisphere n.半球recycle v.使再循环, 反复应用n. 再生, 重复利用scheme n.计划, 阴谋v.计划, 图谋maximum n.最大量adj 最大的maximal adj.最大的maximize vt.取...最大值avoid vt.避免, 消除avoidance n.避免unavoidable adj.不能避免的survive v.幸免于,生还survival n.生存,幸存者survivor n.生还者, 残存物charge n.费用, 主管, 充电v.收费discharge vt.卸下/放出, 解雇n.卸货, 流出, 解雇real adj.真的, 真实的really adv真正地，十分，是吗reality n.现实，真实realistic adj.现实(主义)的realise vt.认识到, 实现realisation n.实现lack n.缺乏, 短缺的东西vt.缺乏, 没有identity n.身份, 一致identify vt.识别, 把...和...看成一样identification n.辨认,视为同一identical adj.同样的approximately adv.近似地, 大约habit n.习惯, 习性habitual adj.习惯的, 惯常的habitat n.(动植物的)栖息地inhabit vt.居住于, 栖息inhabitant n.居民mass n.大多数/大量adj.大规模的mass-produced adj.大量生产的massive adj.大块的,结实customer n.消费者custom n.习惯，风俗；（复数）海关image n.图像, 肖像vt.想象, 象征imagine vt.想象, 设想imagination n.想象, 想象力imaginative adj.想象的, 虚构的critic n.批评家, 评论家critical adj.评论的, 批评的, 危急的criticise vt.批评criticism n.批评criteria n.标准criterion n.(批评判断的)标准courage n.勇气encourage vt.鼓励encouragement n.鼓励encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的discourage vt.使气馁discouragement n.气馁, 挫折discouraging adj.气馁的contact n.接触, 联系vt.接触, 联系super adj.超级的superb adj.出色的, 极好的superior n.高手, 上级adj.较高的, 高傲的superiority n.优越supersede vt.代替supervise vt.监督, 管理supervision n.监督, 管理supervisor n.监督人/管理人supervisory adj.管理的/监督的supreme adj.至高的, 最高的consume vt.消耗consumption n.消费, 消费量consumer n.消费者consumerism n.用户至上主义pane n.长方块, 面panel n.仪表板, 座谈小组，委员会reason n.理由/原因vt.说服/推理reasoning n.推理/评理adj.推理的reasonable adj.合理的standard n.标准, 规格adj.标准的standardise v.使符合标准volume n.音量，体积crop n.农作物, 产量vt.收割, 种植cropland n.农田diagram n.图表plastic n.塑胶, 可塑体adj.塑胶的, 塑造的respond vt.响应, 做出反应response n.响应, 反应responsible adj.有责任的, 可靠的responsibility n.责任responsive adj.灵敏的responsiveness n.灵敏性，反应respondent adj.回答的n.回答者correspond vi.符合, 相应correspondence n.相应, 通信, 信件corresponding adj.相应的, 通讯的hypothesis （复数hypotheses）n.假设hypothesize v.假设hypothetical adj.假设的urban adj.城市的urbanisation n.城市化apply vt.申请, 应用application n.申请, 应用applicant n.申请者advertise vt.做广告, 登广告advertisement n.广告, 做广告purpose n.目的, 意图vt.打算, 企图document n.文件,文献v.证明documentary n.记录片adj.文件的documentation n.文件emphasize vt.强调, 着重emphasis n.强调, 重点dam n.水坝v.筑坝period n.时期periodic adj.周期的, 定期的periodical n.期刊，杂志adj.周期的, 定期的cancer n.癌cancer-causing adj.致癌的believe vt.相信, 认为belief n.信任,信仰believable adj.可信的expect vt.期待, 预料expectation n.期待, 预料unexpectedly adv.意料之外地inspect v.仔细检查，视察inspection n.仔细检查，视察aspect n.方面，外表prospect n.前景，展望prospective adj.预期的perspective n.远景，前途，观点spectacular adj 壮观的n.盛大景象spectator n.观众vanish vi.消失, 突然不见serious adj.严肃的, 认真的, 严重的severe adj.严厉的，严重的severity n.严重strategy n.策略, 战略strategic adj.战略上的industry n.工业, 勤奋industrial adj.工业的,从事工业的n.工业工人industrialise v.使工业化industrialisation n.工业化deposit n.存款, 押金, 存放物vt.存放, 堆积vi.沉淀art n.艺术,技术artefact n.人造物品artwork n.艺术品, 美术品artist n.艺术家, 画家artistic adj.艺术的/有美感的artificial adj.人造的/假的artificiality n.人工/不自然/人造物venture v.（冒险）去某处adventure n.奇遇，冒险经历adventurous adj.爱冒险的/惊险的enable v.使能够ambiguous adj.含糊的ambiguity n.含糊subsidy n.补贴subsidise v. 补贴subsidiary adj.辅助的, 补充的extreme adj.尽头的, 极端的n.极端, 极端的事物draw v.绘制, 拖曳, 抽取, 吸引n.平局,拖曳drawing n.图画, 制图,drawer n.抽屉, 画家drawback n.缺点, 障碍mental adj.精神的, 智力的generate vt.产生, 发生generation n.产生, 一代(人) generational adj.生育的, 世代的generative adj.生成的regenerate vt.再产生whale n.鲸v.捕鲸whaling n. 捕鲸fibre n.纤维, 构造[植]须根mood n.心情, 状态moody adj.喜怒无常的, 忧郁的tend vi.趋向, 往往是vt.照料intend vt.打算, 意谓intension n.紧张attend vt.参加, 照顾, 注意vi.专心, 留意attendance n.出席, 照料contribute v.捐助, 贡献, 投稿contribution n.捐献, 贡献, 投稿attribute v.归结于n.属性attribution n.属性distribute v.分发，使散开distribution n.分发，分配simulate vt.冒充，模拟simulation n.冒充，模拟concept n.观念, 概念conceive v.想出conception n.观念, 概念conceptual adj.概念上的misconception n.误解supply n.供给, 供应品vt.供给supplier n.供应者employ vt.雇用, 使用n.雇用employment n.雇用, 使用employee n.雇员employer n.雇主unemployment n.失业, 失业人数adapt vt.使适应, 改编adaptation n.适应, 改编adaptable adj.能适应的, 可修改的adaptability n.适应性adaptive adj.适应project n.计划，项目v.伸出，发射projector n.投影机projectile n.射弹adj.发射的tech n.工学院；技术学院technique n.技术, 技巧technical adj.技术的, 技巧方面的technology n.科技, 技术technological adj.科技的define vt.定义, 阐明definition n.定义, 解说definitive adj.确定的, 权威性的definite adj.明确的definitely adv.明确地decade n.十年, 十local adj.地方的/局部的n.当地居民localize v.(使)局部化/(使)地方化location n.位置/场所localization n.地方化/局限/定位locality /n.位置locate vt.查找...的地点/使...坐落于/位于set v.摆放/规定/调整n.一套/布景adj.固定的,坚决的setting n.安置, (太阳)落山, 底座settle vt. 使定居, 安排, 解决n.有背的长凳settlement n.解决, 殖民furniture n.家具furnish vt.配备家具/提供furnishings n.家具/设备furnace n.炉子/熔炉treat n.款待vt.对待/治疗vi.谈判/协商treatment n.对待/处理, 治疗treatise n.论文, 论述cope vi. (善于)处理temperature n.温度temperate adj. 适度的/(气候)温和的temperate-climate n.宜人的气候temper n.(钢等)韧度,性情, 情绪v.调节health n.健康, 兴旺healthy adj.健康的,有益于健康的heal v.治愈, 医治drama n.(在舞台上)戏剧, 戏剧艺术dramatic adj.戏剧性的, 生动的dramatically adv.戏剧地, 引人注目地property n.财产，性质firm n.公司,商号adj.坚定的, 坚固的vt.使牢固, 使结实firmly adv.坚定地, 稳固地button n.钮扣, [计]按钮v.扣住architect n.建筑师architecture n.建筑architectural adj.建筑上的, 建筑学的common adj. 公共的/普通的,粗俗的n.[复]平民,公有, 普通commonwealth n.集团，联邦permit n.许可证, 执照v.允许permission n.允许part n.部分/零件/角色vt.分开/分配adj.部分的partial adj.部分的,偏袒的participate vi.参与participation n.参与participant n.参与者particle n.极小量, 微粒,partner n.合伙人, 股东, 搭档，伴侣vt.与...合伙, 与... 搭档partnership n.合伙, (工作，游戏)一伙人irrigate vt.灌溉, 修水利irrigation n.灌溉current adj.当前的, 通用的n.趋势, （电, 水, 气等）流currency n.流通frequent adj.时常发生的, 频繁的frequency n.频率, 周率reel n.(棉纱, 电线等)卷轴, (磁带等)一盘vt.卷...于轴上, 使旋转vi.蹒跚, 眩晕relevant adj.有关的, 相应的irrelevant adj.不相关的,不切题的tool n.工具convention n.大会, 协定, 惯例conventional adj.常规的,传统的250broad adj.广泛的adv.宽阔地n.宽阔部分broaden v.放宽, 扩大broadcaster n.播送设备, 广播员broadband n.宽带prevent vt.防止prevention n.预防preventative adj.预防性的preventable adj.可阻止的, 可预防的welfare n.福利, 幸福adj.福利的well-being n.康乐, 福利harm vt.伤害, 损害n.伤害, 损害harmful adj.有害的, 伤害的hazard n.危险，危害vt.冒…的危险volcano n.火山volcanic adj.火山的, 爆发的vulcanologist n.火山学家(= volcanologist) exist vi.存在,生活existence n.存在, 存在物, 实在物existing adj.现有的opportunity n.机会, 时机opportunist n.机会主义者, 投机取巧者orthodox adj.正统的, 传统的promote vt.促进, 提升, 促销promotion n.晋级，宣传，促销solve vt.解决, 解答solution n. 解决, 溶解, 溶液soluble adj.可溶的atmosphere n.大气, 空气, 气氛atmospheric adj.大气的feature n.特征, 容貌vt.是...特色hierarchy n.层次，层级hierarchical adj.分等级的lava n.熔岩, 火山岩larva n.幼虫arvae n larva 的复数fragile adj.易碎的, 脆的collect v.收集,集中collection n.收藏, 搜集品, 捐款collector n.收藏家, 征收者collective adj.集体的n.集体tiny adj.很少的, 微小的feed n.饲料, (动物或婴儿的)一餐vt.喂养, 靠...为生eeding n.吃, 输送adj.给食的/饲用的feedback n. 反馈aim n.目标, 瞄准v.对...瞄准, 打算advance n.前进, 提升, 预付款v.前进, 提前adj. 预先的，预付(款项) advanced adj.先进的advantage n.优势, 利益advantageous adj.有利的suffer vt.遭受, 忍受vi.受痛苦, 受损害suffering n.苦楚, 受难adj.受苦的, 患病的sufferer n.受害者deal n.交易vi.处理, 做生意vt.分配, 分给(out)dealing n.行为, 交易scale n. 规模，刻度, 等级vt.测量large/small-scale 大/小规模indigenous adj.本土的indicate vt. 指示, 象征indication n.指示, 暗示indicator n.指示器provide v.提供provision n.供应, (一批)供应品, 预备, 规定provisional adj.临时的provided conj.倘若expand vt.详述, 扩大，展开expansion n.扩大, 开展expansive adj.易扩大的, 豪爽的crucial adj.至关紧要的incentive n.动机adj.激励的vast adj. 辽阔的, 大量的electricity n.电/电学electrical adj.电的/有关电的electron n.电子electronic adj.电子的inform v.(～of/about) 通知, 获悉information n.通知, 信息informant n.通知的人,被调查的人informative adj.提供情报的, 见闻广博的exchange vt.交换,交易n.交换, 交易figure n. 数字, 图形, 外形vt.描绘, 演算, 认为detail n.细节, 详情vt.详述ancient adj.远古的, 旧的melt v.(使)融化, (使)熔化, 使感动virtual adj.实质的，实际上的virtually adv.事实上layer n.层, 阶层spread n.展开, 传播, 分布v.展开, 传播spreadsheet n.电子制表软件ordinary adj.普通的extraordinary adj.特别的oxygen n.氧negative n.否定, 负数adj.否定的, 消极的, 负的vt.否定, 拒绝(接受) positive n.确实，正数adj.明确的，有益的，乐观的tuition n.学费initial adj.最初的, 词首的n.词首大写字母initially adv.最初, 开头initiative n.主动purchase vt.购买n.购买achieve vt.完成, 达到achievement n.成就, 功绩equip vt.装备equipment n.设备fact n.事实, 论据factual adj.事实的, 实际的factor n.因素shift n.改变，轮班vt.改变, 变速found v.建立foundation n.基础, 建立, 基金founder n.建立者vt.使沉没, 失败fundamental adj.基础的n.基本原则, 基本原理corpus n.全集，词库corpora n.corpus 的复数attitude n.态度, 意见permanent adj.永久的, 持久的perpetuate v.使永久perpetual adj.永久的，不断的influence n.影响, 有影响的人(或事) vt.影响, 改变influential adj.有影响的, 有势力的influenza n.流行性感冒recognise vt.认可, 赏识recognition n.承认, 认出spin v.旋转,纺纱n.旋转span n.跨度,范围v.横越；spin的过去式spun spin过去分词cube n.立方体, 立方cubic adj.立方体的, 立方的sign n.符号，迹象，示意v.签字，示意，签约signal n.信号，迹象v.用信号传达signify v.意味，表示atlas n.地图集entertain vt.娱乐, 招待entertainment n.款待, 娱乐insect n.昆虫pest n.有害物pesticide n.杀虫剂favor n.亲切, 宠爱favorable adj.赞成的/顺利的n.有利favorite n.特别喜欢的人/物adj.喜爱的indicate vt. 指出, 显示, 预示indication n. 指出, 指示, 迹象indicator n. 指示器apparent adj. 显然的, 外观上的temporary adj. 暂时的，短时间的contemporary n. 同时代的人adj. 当代的, 同时代的maintain vt. 维持,继续, 供养maintenance n. 维护, 保持select vt. 选择/挑选adj.精选的selection n.挑选, 选集selective adj.选择的/选择性的phase n. 阶段, 状态passive adj. 被动的core n.中心, 核心exhibit vt. 展出, 陈列n. 展览品, 陈列品exhibition n. 表现, 展览会entire adj. 全部的, 完整的, 整个的entirely adv. 完全地, 全然地, 一概地climate n. 气候, 思潮climatic adj. 气候上的labour n. 劳力，劳工v. 劳动steady adj. 稳固的, 稳定的v. (使)稳定steadily adv. 稳定地, 有规则地intense adj.剧烈的, 激烈的intensive adj. 强烈的, 精深的intensity n. 强烈, 强度steel n. 钢, 钢铁328trend n. 倾向, 趋势vi. 倾向slight adj. 轻微的, 微小的slightly adv. 轻微地, 苗条地fabulous adj.惊人的, 难以置信的bottom n. 底部, 末端adj. 底部的vi. 到达底部, 建立基础reserve n. 储备, 储藏vt.保存, 预约reservation n. 保留, 预约reservoir n. 水库overcome vt. 战胜, 克服vi. 得胜Mediterranean n. 地中海adj. 地中海的career n.事业, 职业生涯desire vt.期望, 希望n. 愿望, 要求desirable adj. 理想的, 合意的337fit n.适合adj. 合适的, 恰当的, 健康的v. 适合, 安装fitness n. 适当, 健康fitting adj. 适合的, 相称的n. 试穿, 装配follow vt. 跟随, 理解,追求n. 跟随combine v. (使)联合, (使)结合combination n. 结合, 联合,化合物fertile adj.富饶的, 能繁殖的fertilise vt. 施肥，使肥沃fertilizer n. 肥料fertility n. 肥沃,多产,生产力dolphin n. 海豚diverse adj. 不同的, 变化多的diversity n. 差异, 多样性diversify v. 使多样化diversification n. 变化, 多样化stress n.压力, 重点vt. 着重, 强调stressful adj. 产生压力的，使紧迫的sound n. 声音, 噪音adj.可靠的, 合理的vi. 发出声音, 回响vt. 使发声, 宣告assist v. 援助, 帮助assistance n. 协助, 援助assistant n. 助手adj. 辅助的, 助理的hence adv. 因此, 从此estimate v. 估计,评估n. 估计,评估journal n.定期刊物, 杂志journalist n. 新闻记者journalism n. 新闻业, 报章杂志release n. 释放, 发布vt. 释放, 发表tunnel n. 隧道, 地道conduct n.行为, 操行v.引导, 管理conductor n.领导者, 售票员protect vt.保护protection n.保护behave vi.举动, 举止v.行为表现behavior n.举止, 行为behavioural adj.动作的behariourist n. 行为学家scan v. 浏览,扫描n.扫描scanner n. 扫描仪oppose vt.反对, 抗争opposition n.反对, 敌对, 相反opposite adj. 对立的, 相反的opponent n.对手，反对者item n. 项目, 条款，物品restrict vt.限制, 约束restriction n.限制, 约束attach vt.缚上, 隶属于attachment n.附件, 附加装置detach vt.分开, 分离detachment n.分开, 拆开depend vi.依靠, 依赖dependence n.依靠, 信任, 信赖independence n.独立, 自主independent adj.独立自主的, 不受约束phenomenon n.现象phenomena n.现象（复数）phenomenal adj.显著的, 现象的audio adj.音频的, 声音的audience n.听众, 观众auditory adj.耳的, 听觉的express n.快车/快递vt.表达/表示expression n.表达, 脸色，符号expressive adj.表现的, 有表现力的consequence n.结果, 推理consequently adv.从而, 因此consequential adj.结果的doubt n.怀疑, 疑问v.怀疑, 不信doubtful adj.可疑的option n.选项, 选择权optional adj.可选择的, 随意的assign vt.分配, 指派assignment n.分配, 任务, (课外)作业frame n.结构, 画面,框架vt.构成, 设计framework n.框架, 结构volunteer n.志愿者v.自愿voluntary adj.自动的, 自愿的, 主动的legal adj.法律的, 合法的legislation n.立法legitimacy n.合法(性), 正确(性)devote vt.投入于, 献身devotion n.热爱, 投入apparatus n.器械, 设备depart vi.离开, 起程departure n. 出发, 离开department n. 部门, 系stable adj.稳定的stability n.稳定性stabilize v.（使）稳定clerk n.职员, 办事员clerical adj.办公室的class n.班级, 阶级, 种类vt.把...分类classic n.杰作, 名著adj.第一流的classical adj.古典的, 古典文学的classify vt.分类, 分等classification n.分类, 分级extend v.扩充, 延伸extension n.延长, 扩充, 电话分机extensive adj.广阔的, 广泛的label n.标签, 标志vt. 分类, 标注isolate vt.使隔离, 使孤立isolation n.隔绝, 孤立predict v.预知, 预言prediction n.预言, 预报predictor n.预言者, 预报器predictable adj.可预言的unpredictable adj.不可预知的reside vi.居住residence n.居住, 住处resident n.居民adj.居住的, 常驻的residential adj.住宅的sustain vt.支撑, 维持, 持续sustainable adj.可以忍受的, 足可支撑的observe vt.观察, 遵守observation n.观察, 观测observer n.观测者cottage n.村舍, 小别墅fund n.资金, 基金v.资助, 投资fund-raising n.筹资emerge vi.显现, 浮现,形成emergent adj.紧急的, 浮现的emergency n.紧急情况mammal n.哺乳动物substance n.物质, 实质, 主旨substantial adj.坚固的, 实质的capable adj.有能力的, 有可能的capability n. 能力, 容量capacity n.容量, 能力authority n.权威, 权威人士authorize v.批准literature n.文学(作品)/文艺/著作literary adj.文学(上)的/文艺的literal adj.文字的/字面上的literacy n.有文化，有教养literate n.学者adj.有文化的raw n.生肉adj.未加工的, 生疏的auto n. 汽车automatic n.自动机械adj.自动的, 无意识的, 机械的automobile n. 汽车automatically adv.自动地, 机械地automate v.使自动化automation n.自动控制proceed vi.进行, 发生procedure n.程序, 手续process n. 方法/程序/进行vt.加工/处理procession n.行列, 队伍processor n. 处理器operate v.操作, 运转, 动手术operation n.操作/业务/手术operational adj.操作的/运作的operative adj.运转着的, 手术的, 实施的operator n.操作员, 接线员context n.上下文，背景情况prefer vt.更喜欢, 宁愿preference n.偏爱, 优先选择preferable adj.更可取的, 更好的, 更优越的lung n.肺, 呼吸器sort n.种类, 类别v.分类, 拣选aggressive adj.好斗的,侵略性的aggression n.进攻, 侵略brief n.摘要, 大纲adj.简短的, 短暂的vt.摘要grant vt.同意, 准予module n. 模块refer v 提到, 涉及,咨询be refered to …as：被称为…reference n. 涉及, 参考,介绍信referral n.提名, 推举fair adj.美丽的, 白皙的, 公平的n. 展览会, 市集fairly adv.公平地, 相当地, 清楚地instruct vt.教导, 指示, 通知instruction n.指示, 指导instructor n.教师, 讲师arrow n.箭, 箭头barrier n.障碍物, 屏障obstacle n.障碍, 妨害物stereoscopic adj. 有立体感的n.连接, 关系, 亲戚disconnect v.拆开, 分离disconnection n.断开peak n.山顶, 顶点adj.最高的vt. 使达到最高点despite prep.尽管, 不论strong adj. 强壮的, 坚固的, 浓的, 强烈的strength n.力, 力量, 实力strengthen v.加强, 巩固ignore vt. 忽视ignorance n.无知ignorant adj.无知的consult v.商量, 参考, 考虑consultant n.顾问, 咨询者consultation n.请教, 咨询, 磋商sample n.标本, 例子vt.取样, 采样, 尝试distinct adj. 明显的, 独特的distinction n. 区别, 特性, 声望distinctive adj.与众不同的, 有特色的distinctiveness n. 特殊性distinguish v.区别, 辨别harbour n.(=harbor) 海港journey n.旅行, 旅程v.旅行scholar n.学者scholarly adj. 学术的，学者风度的scholarship n.奖学金, 学问colleague n.同事, 同僚consider vt.考虑, 照顾, 认为consideration n.体谅, 考虑, 报酬considerable adj.相当大的, 值得考虑的considerate adj.考虑周到的eligible adj.符合条件的, 合格的eligibility n. 适任, 合格induce vt. 促使, 导致, 感应。

《剑桥雅思1—5》阅读超高频词汇1 1 state n. 情形, 状态, 国家, 政府, 州vt.声明, 陈述, 规定For the century before Johnson ’s Dictionary was published in 1775 there had been concern about the state of the English language. statement n.声明, 陈述, 综述2 special adj.特别的, 特殊的, 专门的especially adv.尤其，特别specialization n.特殊化, 专门化specialise v .专业化，专门研究specialised adj. 专门的, 专科的In the 19th century, new, specialised , professional societies were instituted to promote and publish in the new disciplines. specialist n. 专家speciality n.特性, 特质, 专业specify vt.指定, 详细说明specific adj.详细而精确的, 明确的An early scientific journal fostered a new kind of writing based on short descriptions of specific experiments. specifically adv.特定的, 明确的species n.种类Extinct species are being replaced by new species. 3 differ vi.不同In both cases the critical day length differ s from species to species. difference n.差异, 差别different adj.不同的Different Different groups groups groups of of of researchers researchers researchers attacked attacked attacked differen differen t t problems, problems, problems, from from from speech speech speech recognition recognition recognition to to to chess chess chess playing, playing, playing, in in different ways. differentiate v .区别, 区分4 appropriate adj.适当的inappropriate adj.不适当的5 staff n. 全体职员6 contradict vt.同...矛盾contradiction n.反驳, 矛盾contrary adj.相反的, 逆的contrast vt.使与...对比n.对比, 对照7 claim n.(根据权利提出)要求, 主张vt.(根据权利)要求, 主张claimant n.（根据权利）提出要求者reclaim vt.要求归还，开垦reclamation n.收回，开垦8 similar adj.相似的, 类似的Across Europe s imilar similar academies and societies arose, creating new national traditions of science. similarly adv.同样地, 类似于类似于 similarity n.类似, 类似处类似处 assimilation n.同化同化 9 evidence n.明显, 显著，证据显著，证据There is plenty of scientific evidence to support photoperiodism. evident adj.明显的, 显然的显然的 10 major n. 主修课主修课 adj.主修的，主要的主修的，主要的 vi.主修主修Grime (1966) suggests that light may be one of the major components directing these adaptations. majority n.多数, 大半大半 11 further adj.更远的, 更多的更多的 vt.促进, 增进, 助长助长 furthermore adv.此外, 而且而且 12 involve t.包括,使陷于使陷于Kant believed that a successful joke involve s the controlled release of nervous energy. involvement n.连累, 包含包含 revolve v .旋转旋转 revolution n.革命，旋转革命，旋转 revolutionary adj.革命的，全新的革命的，全新的 n.革命者革命者 revolutionise vt.使彻底改变使彻底改变 evolve vt. (使)进化, (使)发展发展 evolution n. 进化, 发展发展 evolutionary adj.进化的进化的13 complete adj.全部的, 完全的完全的 vt.完成, 使完善使完善It was a very expensive and time-consuming process that took around six months to complete . completely adv.十分, 完全地完全地 completion n.完成完成Johnson only received payment for his Dictionary on its completion. accomplish vt.完成，实现完成，实现 accomplishmentn.完成，成就完成，成就 14 suit v .适合适合 n.一套衣服一套衣服 suitable adj.适当的, 相配相配Latin was s uitable suitable for an international audience of scholars, whereas English reached a socially wider, but more local, audience. suitcase n.手提箱, 衣箱衣箱 15 person n.人, 身体身体 personal adj.私人的, 个人的个人的Most comedians use personal situations as a source of humour. personalize v .使成私人的, 人格化人格化personality n.个性, 人格人格Researchers claim that the human personalit y is formed during the first two years of life. personnel n.人员, 职员职员 16 accommodate vt.供应, 供给, 容纳容纳 accommodation n.住处, 膳宿膳宿 17 economy n.经济, 节约节约 economic adj.经济(上)的It would be best to attempt to slow down economic growth. economical adj.节约的节约的 economist n.经济学者, 经济家经济家 economics n.经济学经济学 18 alter v .改变改变 alternative n.二中择一, 可供选择的办法, 事物事物 adj.选择性的, 二中择一的 alternate adj.交替的, 轮流的轮流的 v .交替, 轮流, 改变改变 19 effect n.效果, 作用, 影响影响 effective adj.有效的有效的 effectiveness n.效力效力 effort n.努力, 成就成就 affect vt.影响, 感动感动 affection n. 影响, 爱情, affective adj.情感的情感的 affecting adj.感人的, 动人的动人的 efficientadj.(直接)生效的, 有效率的有效率的 efficiency n.效率, 功效功效 sufficient adj.充分的，足够的 insufficient adj.不足的，不够的 20 experiment n.实验, 试验试验 vi.进行实验, 做试验做试验 experimental adj.实验的实验的 experimentation n.实验, 试验, 实验法实验法 experimenter n.实验者实验者 21 approach n.接近, 方法方法 vt.接近接近His His approach approach to the problems problems that that that had had had worried worried worried writers writers writers throughout the throughout the late late seventeenth seventeenth seventeenth and and and early early early eighteenth eighteenth centuries was intensely practical. approachability n.可接近可接近 22 previous adj.在前的, 早先的早先的Working to a deadline, he had to draw on the best of all previous dictionaries, and to make his work one of heroic synthesis. 23 gene n. [遗传]基因基因genetic adj.遗传的遗传的 genetics n.遗传学遗传学 24 object n.物体, 目标, 宾语, 对象对象 vi.反对, 拒绝, 抗议抗议 objection n.异议,拒绝拒绝 objective n.目标, 目的目的 adj.客观的客观的 25 amount n.数量数量 vi.(to) 总计, 等于等于 26 mean adj.低劣的,吝啬的吝啬的 vt.意谓意谓 n.平均数平均数 meaning n.意义, 含意含意 meaningful adj.意味深长的 27 coal n.煤 coal-mining n.挖煤挖煤 28 quality n.质量, 品质, 性质性质 qualify v.(使)具有资格, 证明合格证明合格 qualification n.资格, 条件条件 qualitative adj.性质上的, 定性的定性的 29 medicine n.药, 医学医学 medical adj.医学的, 内科的内科的 medication n.药物治疗, 药物处理, 药物药物 30 term n.学期,条款,术语术语 termly adj.定期的, 每一期的每一期的 terminology n.术语学术语学 31 perform vt.履行, 执行, 表演表演 performance n.履行,成绩,表演表演 32 subject n.题目, 学科，实验对象学科，实验对象 adj.受制于...的, 受...影响的, Several of the subject subject s were psychology students at Y ale University. subjective adj.主观的, 个人的个人的Peter Derks believes that humour relate to a person's subjective v iews. views. 33 sense n.官能, 感觉, 意义意义 vt.感到, 理解, 认识认识Johnson was a poet and critic who raised common sense to the heights of genius. sensation n.感觉, 感情感情 sensitive adj.敏感的, 灵敏的灵敏的 sensitivity n.敏感, 灵敏(度) sensor n.传感器传感器 sensory adj.感觉的, 感官的感官的 sensus n. 感觉感觉 34 present n.赠品, 礼物, 现在呈现现在 adj.现在的, 出席的出席的 vt.赠送, 上演, 提出, 呈现presence n.出席,存在存在present-day n.互赠礼物的节日互赠礼物的节日presentation n.陈述, 赠送, 表达表达presently adv.目前, 不久不久represent vt.表现, 描绘, 代表代表representation n.代表，表现, 陈述陈述representative n.代表代表 adj.典型的, 有代表性的35 particular adj.特殊的,独特的详细独特的 n.细节, 详细particulate n.微粒adj.微粒的微粒的36 union n.联合,联盟, 协会协会unify vt.统一, 使成一体使成一体uniform n.制服相同的制服 adj.相同的uniformity n.同样, 一致一致unique adj.唯一的, 独特的独特的unit n.个体, (计量单位计量)单位united adj.联合的, 团结的, 一致一致unity n.团结, 联合, 统一统一universe n.宇宙, 世界世界university n.(综合)大学大学37 company n.公司, 陪伴陪伴accompany vt.陪伴, 伴奏伴奏38 survey n.调查调查调查 vt.调查surveyor n.测量员, 检查员检查员39 count n.计算计算，认为有价值计算 vt.计算，认为有价值account n.计算, 账目认为账目 vi.说明,认为accountant n.会计(员), 会计师会计师accounting n.会计学会计学accountancy n.会计师之职, 会计学会计学40 significant adj.有意义的, 重要的重要的significance n.意义, 重要性重要性signification n.含义含义41 organ n.[机]机构, 机关, [生物]器官器官organic adj.器官的, 有机的, 组织的组织的organism n.生物体, 有机体有机体organize vt.组织, 使有机化使有机化organization n.组织, 机构机构organizational adj.组织的组织的organiser n.组织者组织者position n.位置, 职位的位置职位 vt.安置, 决定...的位置post n.邮件, 邮政，岗位, 职位，柱邮递职位，柱 vt.张贴, 邮递43 complex adj.复杂的,综合的联合体综合的 n.联合体complexity n.复杂性复杂性complicated adj.复杂的, 难解的难解的44 vehicle n.交通工具, 车辆车辆vehicular adj.车的, 用车辆运载的45 loan n.（借出的）贷款, 借出借给借出 v.借, 借给46 access n.通路, 入门入门accessible adj.易接近的, 可到达的可到达的accessory n.附件, 零件补充的零件 adj.附属的, 补充的47 vision n.视力, 视觉, 想象力想象力visual adj.看的, 视觉的视觉的visional adj.梦幻般的梦幻般的visible adj.看得见的, 明显的明显的invisible adj.看不见的, 无形的无形的visit n.访问, 游览, 参观参观参观 vt.访问, 参观visitor n.访问者, 游客游客50 speech n.演说演说51 situation n.情形, 境遇, (建筑物等的位置建筑物等的)位置situate vt.使位于, 使处于使处于52 greenhouse n.温室温室53 progress n.前进, 进步进步进步 vi.前进, 进步progressive adj.前进的,进步的进步的progression n.行进行进54 pop n.流行乐曲, 流行艺术热门的流行艺术 adj.流行的, 热门的popular adj.流行的, 受欢迎的受欢迎的popularity n.普及, 流行流行populace n.平民平民population n.人口人口55 temperature n.温度温度temperate n.（气候）温和的，有节制的（气候）温和的，有节制的temperate-climate n.宜人的气候宜人的气候temper n.性情, 脾气脾气vary vt.改变,使多样化使多样化various adj.不同的, 各种各样的各种各样的variety n.变化, 多样性, 种类种类variation n.变更, 变化变化variable n.[数]变量可变的变量 adj.可变的variability n.可变性可变性57 impact n.冲击影响, 效果vt.撞击，对...发生影响发生影响 58 facility n.便利, 敏捷, 设备设备facilitate vt.使容易, 使便利使便利facilitator n.使顺利进行的人或物使顺利进行的人或物59 form n.形状, 形式, 表格构成表格 v.形成, 构成formal adj.正式的,形式的形式的formality n.礼节, 仪式仪式format n.形式, 格式的格局格式 vt.安排...的格局formation n.形成, 构成构成formative adj.格式化的格式化的formulate vt.用公式表示, 明确地表达阐明明确地表达 v.阐明formulation n.用公式表示, 明确地表达明确地表达former adj.从前的, 以前的以前的60 potential adj.潜在的潜力潜在的 n.潜能, 潜力potentiality n.潜能潜能61 sum n.总数，金额总数，金额summary n.摘要, 概要概要summarise vt.概括，总结概括，总结62 thief n.小偷, 贼theft n.偷, 行窃行窃之二之二63 delta n.（河流的）三角洲（河流的）三角洲64 necessary n.必需品adj.必要的, 必需的必需的 necessity n.必要性, 需要, 必需品必需品65 describe vt.描写, 形容形容description n.描写, 形容形容describable adj.可记述的, 可描写的可描写的66 produce n.产物制造产物 vt.生产, 制造producer n.生产者, 制作者制作者reproduce v.繁殖，翻印，重现繁殖，翻印，重现reproduction n.繁殖，拷贝，复制品繁殖，拷贝，复制品product n.产品, 产物产物production n.生产, 产品产品productive adj.生产性的, 多产的多产的productivity n.生产力生产力67 public n.公众, 公共场所公立的公共场所 adj.公共的, 公立的publicise vt.宣扬宣扬publicity n.公开公开publish vi.出版, 刊印发表刊印 vt.公布, 发表publication n.出版物, 出版, 公布公布publisher n.出版者, 发行人发行人68 academic adj.学院的, 理论的理论的academy n.学会, 学术团体, 学院学院69 general n.普通,；将军概括的；将军 adj.普通的, 概括的generally adv.一般, 通常通常generalise vt.归纳, 概括, 推广推广generalisation n.普遍化；概括普遍化；概括70 physical adj.身体的, 物理的物理的physiology n.生理学生理学physiological adj.生理学的生理学的71 nickel n.[化]镍, 镍币镍币72 issue n.问题；发行, vi.发行发布发行, 发布73 therapy n.治疗治疗therapist n.临床医学家临床医学家74 policy n.政策, 方针方针politics n.政治, 政治学政治学political adj.政治的, 行政上的行政上的politician n.政治家, 政客政客police n.警察机关, 公安部门公安部门 adj.有关警察的75 require vt.需要, 要求要求requirement n.需求, 要求,需要的东西需要的东西requisite adj.需要的,必备的必需品必备的 n.必需品request vt.请求, 要求要求要求 n.请求, 要求76 success n.成功, 成就成就successful adj.成功的成功的succeed vi.(in) 成功继承成功 vt.继任, 继承successive adj.继承的, 连续的连续的succession n.连续, 继承继承77 stage n.舞台, 戏剧；阶段，时期举行戏剧；阶段，时期 vt.上演, 筹备, 举行78 community n.公社, 团体, 社会社会communist n.共产主义者, 共产党员adj.共产主义者的communicate v.沟通, 通信通信communication n.交通, 通讯通讯communicative adj.爱说话的, 畅谈的畅谈的communicator n.交流者, 发报机发报机79 absence n.缺席, 缺乏缺乏absent adj.缺席的, 缺少的缺少的absenteeism n.旷课, 旷工旷工80 origin n.起源, 由来由来original adj.最初的, 原始的, 独创的原作独创的 n.原物, 原作originality n.创意创意originate vt.发起, 创办发生创办 vi.起源, 发生aboriginal adj.土著的土著的aborigines n.土著居民土著居民81 create vt.创造, 创作创作creation n.创造, 创作物创作物creative adj.创造性的创造性的creativity n.创造力, 创造创造creature n.创造物创造物recreation n.消遣，娱乐消遣，娱乐82 associate vt.使发生联系, 使联合vi.交往, 结交结交 association n.协会, 联合, 结交结交83 lingual adj.语言的语言的linguistic adj.语言上的, 语言学上的linguistics n.语言学语言学linguist n.语言学家语言学家bilingual adj.能说两种语言的双语者能说两种语言的 n.双语者84 tradition n.传统, 惯例惯例traditional adj.传统的, 惯例的惯例的85 divide v.划分, 分开分开division n.分开, 区分, 除法除法divisible adj.可分的可分的86 emit vt.发出, 放射, 散发散发emission n.(光、热等的)散发, 发射发射87 region n.区域, 地方地方regional adj.地方地, 地域性地地域性地88 establish vt.建立, 设立,；安置, 使定居使定居establishment n.确立, 制定, 设施设施89 commerce n.商业商业commercial adj.商业的, 贸易的贸易的commercialise vt.使商业化使商业化commercialisation n.商业化，商品化商业化， 商品化merchant n.商人商人merchandise n.商品，货物推销（商品或服务）商品，货物 vt.推销（商品或服务）90 essence n.基本, 本质本质essential adj.本质的, 基本的基本的91 tablet n.药片, 小块小块92 surface n.表面, 外表肤浅的外表 adj.表面的, 肤浅的93 function n.功能, 作用行使职责作用 vi.(器官等)活动, 运行, 行使职责functional adj.功能的功能的94 nature n.自然, 本性本性natural adj.自然的，天生的naturalistic adj.自然主义的naturalism n.自然主义自然主义95 finance n.财政, 金融负担经费金融 vt.供给...经费, 负担经费financial adj.财政的, 金融的金融的96 coach n.长途汽车, 教练指导教练 v.训练, 指导97 relate vt.使联系, 发生关系发生关系relation n.关系, 联系联系relationship n.关系, 关联关联relative n.亲戚, 关系词关系词 adj.有关系的, 相对的, 比较而言的relatively adv. 相关地相关地98 native n.本地人, 土产本地的土产 adj.本国的, 本地的99 steam n.蒸汽蒸发蒸汽 vi.蒸发100 theory n.理论, 学说学说theoretical adj. 理论的理论的theorist n.理论家理论家101 corporation n.社团, 公司公司corporate adj.公司的，全体的102 sediment n.沉淀物, 沉积沉积sedimentation n.沉积作用沉积作用103 principle n.法则, 原则, 原理原理principal n.负责人, 首长, 校长首要的校长 adj.主要的, 首要的104 institute n.学会, 学院, 协会制定协会 vt.创立, 开始, 制定institution n.团体, 制度，惯例制度，惯例institutional adj.团体的，惯例的institutionalise v.使制度化使制度化105 character n.(事物的)特性, 特征, (人的人物人的)品质, 人物characterise vt.表现...的特色, 刻画的...性格性格 characteristic adj.特有的, 表示特性的特征表示特性的 n.特性, 特征106 destroy vt.破坏, 毁坏毁坏destruction n.破坏, 毁灭毁灭destructive adj.破坏(性)的107 lead vt.领导, 引导引导 n.领导, 领先; 铅leadership n.领导能力, 领导阶层领导阶层leading adj.领导的, 第一位的, 最主要的最主要的108 apply vt.申请, 应用应用application n.请求, 申请; 应用应用applicant n.申请者申请者109 endanger vt.危及危及endangered adj.（生命等）有危险的,濒危的濒危的110 marble n.大理石坚硬的大理石 adj.大理石的, 冷酷无情的, 坚硬的111 value n.价值, 估价, 评价评价评价 vt.估价, 评价valuable adj.贵重的, 有价值的有价值的evaluate vt.评价, 估计估计evaluation n.估价, 评价评价invaluable adj., 112 series n.连续, 系列, 丛书丛书serial n.连载小说，连续剧连载小说，连续剧113 wheel n.车轮, 轮子轮子114 extinct adj.灭绝的灭绝的extinction n.灭绝灭绝115 machine n.机器, 机械机械machinery n.[总称] 机器, 机械机械mechanical adj.机械的, 机械制的机械制的mechanism n.机械装置, 机构, 机制机制116 circle n.圆周, 圆形物, 循环循环 v.环绕，盘旋环绕，盘旋circuit n.电路, 一圈,巡回巡回circulation n.循环, 流通流通circumscribe vt.在...周围画线, 限制限制circumstance n.环境, 境况境况117 example n.例子, 实例实例exemplify vt.例证, 例示, 作为...例子例子118 erode vt.侵蚀, 腐蚀腐蚀erosion n.侵蚀, 腐蚀腐蚀119 athlete n.运动员运动员athletic adj.运动的运动的athletics n.运动运动120 credit n.信用，信任；学分；存款信用，信任；学分；存款 vt.信任；存入帐户信任；存入帐户 accredited adj.官方认可的，公认的discredited adj.未被认可的，败坏名声的credible adj.可信的，可靠的incredible adj.不可信的，不可靠的credibility n.可信性，可靠性可信性，可靠性121 sake n. for the sake of: 为了…的好处着想的好处着想122 anthropology n.人类学人类学anthropological adj.人类学的人类学的anthropologist n.人类学者人类学者123 society n.社会, 社团社团social adj.社会的, 社交的社交的socialise v.sociology n.社会学社会学sociological adj.社会学的社会学的124 add vt.增加,计算...总和总和addition n.增加, 增加物, 加法加法additional adj.附加的附加的125 carbon n.[化]碳carbolic adj.碳的碳的126 leisure n.空闲, 闲暇闲暇127 concern vt.涉及, 关系到关心关系到 n.(利害)关系, 关心concentrate v.集中, 浓缩浓缩concentration n.集中, 专心, 浓缩浓缩128 rate n.比率, 速度, 费用值得费用 vt.评价, 值得ratio n.比率比率129 reflect v.反射, 反映, 表现表现reflection n.反射, 倒影倒影reflex adj.反射的,反作用的反映反作用的 n.反射, 反映130 proportion n.比例, 均衡使均衡均衡 vt.使成比例, 使均衡disproportionate adj.不成比例的之三之三131 contain vt.包含, 容纳容纳container n.容器容器132 direct adj.径直的, 直接的导演直接的 vt.指引, 指示, 导演direction n.方向, 指导指导director n.主管, 导演导演directory n.姓名，地址录姓名，地址录133 erupt vt.喷发喷发eruption n.喷发喷发134 site n.地点, 场所的地点场所 vt.定...的地点135 archaeology n.考古学考古学archaeological adj.考古学的考古学的archaeologist n.考古学家考古学家136 mould n.v.138 occur vi.发生, 存在存在occurrence n.发生, 事件事件139 private adj.私人的, 私有的私有的privacy n.隐私隐私140 analyses vt.分析, 分解分解analysis n.分析, 分解分解analyst n.分析家, 分解者分解者analytical adj.分析的, 解析的解析的141 breed v.(使)繁殖,抚养抚养 n.品种, 种类种类inbreed vt.生育, 生产生产142 fuel n.燃料加燃料燃料 vt.加燃料143 pattern n.模范, 式样式样 vt.模仿, 仿造仿造patterning n. 图案装饰, 图案结构图案结构144 extra adj.额外的额外的extraordinary adj.非常的,非凡的非凡的145 attempt n.尝试, 企图企图 vt.尝试, 企图企图146 intelligent adj.聪明的, 伶俐的伶俐的intelligence n.智力, 聪明, 智能智能intellectual adj.智力的, 有智力的知识分子有智力的 n.知识分子147 annual n.年刊, 年鉴每年的年鉴 adj.一年一次的, 每年的148 ensure vt.保证, 担保, 使安全使安全assure vt.断然地说, 保证, 担保担保assurance n.确信, 断言,担保担保insure vt.给保险保险insurance n.保险保险149 billion n./adj.十亿(的) crystal adj.结晶状的n.水晶, 结晶, 晶体晶体150 disease n.疾病, 弊病弊病151 positive adj.肯定的, 积极的正的 adj.[电]阳的阳的积极的 adj.[数]正的152 motion n.运动, 动作动作 v.运动运动motivate v.motivation n.动机动机motive adj.发动的, 运动的目的运动的 n.动机, 目的motor n.发动机, 汽车汽车motorway n.汽车高速公路汽车高速公路motorist n.乘汽车者乘汽车者154 press n.压, 印刷, 压力, 新闻逼迫新闻 vt.压, 紧抱, 逼迫pressing adj.紧迫的紧迫的pressure n.压, 压力压力suppress v.隐瞒，克制，镇压隐瞒，克制，镇压depress v.使沮丧，减少使沮丧，减少depression n.沮丧，经济萧条沮丧，经济萧条oppress v.压迫，使担心压迫，使担心oppression n.压迫，压抑压迫，压抑155 invent vt.发明, 创造创造invention n.发明, 创造创造inventive adj.善于创造的, 发明的发明的156 structure n.结构,建筑物构成建筑物 vt.建筑, 构成infrastructure n.基础设施基础设施construct vt.建造, 构造构造construction n.建筑, 建筑物建筑物157 measure n.尺寸, 测量, 措施估量措施 vt.测量, 测度, 估量measurement n.测量法, (量得的尺寸量得的)尺寸measurable adj.可测量的可测量的158 demand n.要求, 需求(量) v.要求, 需要需要demanding adj.过分要求的, 苛求的苛求的159 continue v.继续, 连续连续continuity n.连续性, 连贯性连贯性continuous adj.连续的, 持续的持续的continual adj.频繁的, 持续不断的160 hemisphere n.半球半球161 recycle v.使再循环, 反复应用重复利用反复应用 n.再循环, 再生, 重复利用162 scheme n.计划, 阴谋阴谋 v.计划, 图谋图谋163 maximum n.最大量最大的最大量 adj最大的maximal adj.最大的最大的maximize vt.取...最大值最大值164 avoid vt.避免, 消除消除avoidance n.避免避免unavoidable adj.不能避免的165 survive v.幸免于,生还生还survival n.生存,幸存者幸存者survivor n.生还者, 残存物残存物166 charge n.费用, 主管, 充电收费充电 v.收费discharge vt.卸下, 放出, 解雇解雇解雇 n.卸货, 流出, 解雇167 real adj.真的, 真实的真实的really adv真正地，十分，是吗真正地，十分，是吗reality n.现实，真实现实，真实realistic adj.现实(主义)的realise vt.认识到, 实现实现realisation n.实现实现168 lack n.缺乏, 短缺的东西没有短缺的东西 vt.缺乏, 没有169 identity n.身份, 一致一致identify vt.识别, 把...和...看成一样看成一样identification n.辨认,视为同一视为同一identical adj.同样的同样的170 approximately adv.近似地, 大约大约171 habit n.习惯, 习性习性habitual adj.习惯的, 惯常的惯常的habitat n.(动植物的)栖息地栖息地inhabit vt.居住于, 栖息栖息inhabitant n.居民居民172 mass n.大多数, 大量大规模的大量 adj. 大规模的mass-produced adj.大量生产的massive adj.大块的,结实的结实的173 customer n.消费者消费者custom n.习惯，风俗；（复数）海关（复数）海关174 image n.图像, 肖像肖像 vt.想象, 象征象征imagine vt.想象, 设想设想imagination n.想象, 想象力想象力imaginative adj.想象的, 虚构的虚构的175 critic n., critical adj.评论的, 批评的, 危急的危急的 criticise vt.批评批评criticism n.批评批评criteria n.标准标准criterion n.(批评判断的)标准标准176 courage n.勇气勇气encourage vt.鼓励鼓励encouragement n.鼓励鼓励encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的discourage vt.使气馁使气馁discouragement n.气馁, 挫折挫折discouraging adj.气馁的气馁的177 contact n.接触, 联系联系联系 vt.接触, 联系178 super adj.超级的超级的superb adj.出色的, 极好的极好的superior n.高手, 上级高傲的上级 adj.较高的, 高傲的superiority n.优越优越supersede vt.代替代替supervise vt.监督, 管理管理supervision n.监督, 管理管理supervisor n.监督人, 管理人管理人supervisory adj.管理的, 监督的监督的supreme adj.至高的, 最高的最高的179 consume vt.消耗消耗consumption n.消费, 消费量消费量consumer n.消费者消费者consumerism n.用户至上主义用户至上主义180 pane n.长方块, 面panel n.仪表板, 座谈小组，委员会座谈小组，委员会181 reason n.理由, 原因原因 vt.说服, 推理推理 reasoning n.推理, 评理推理的评理 adj.推理的reasonable adj.合理的合理的182 standard n.标准, 规格标准的规格 adj.标准的standardise v.使符合标准使符合标准183 volume n.音量，体积音量，体积184 crop n.农作物, 产量种植产量 vt.收割, 种植cropland n.185 diagram n.图表图表186 plastic n.塑胶, 可塑体可塑体 adj.塑胶的, 塑造的塑造的 187 respond vt.响应, 做出反应做出反应response n.响应, 反应反应responsible adj.有责任的, 可靠的可靠的 responsibility n.责任责任responsive adj.灵敏的灵敏的responsiveness n.灵敏性，反应灵敏性，反应respondent adj.回答的回答的 n.回答者回答者correspond vi.符合, 相应相应correspondence n.相应, 通信, 信件信件 corresponding adj.相应的, 通讯的通讯的188 hypothesis （复数hypotheses）n.假设假设 hypothesize v.假设假设hypothetical adj.假设的假设的189 urban adj.城市的城市的urbanisation n.城市化城市化190 apply vt.申请, 应用应用application n.申请, 应用应用applicant n.申请者申请者191 advertise vt.做广告, 登广告登广告advertisement n.广告, 做广告做广告192 purpose n.目的, 意图企图意图 vt.打算, 企图193 document n.文件,文献证明文献 v.证明documentary n.记录片文件的记录片 adj.文件的documentation n.文件文件194 emphasize vt.强调, 着重着重emphasis n.强调, 重点重点195 dam n.水坝筑坝水坝 v.筑坝196 period n.时期时期periodic adj.周期的, 定期的定期的periodical n.期刊，杂志定期的期刊，杂志 adj.周期的, 定期的197 cancer n.198 believe vt.相信, 认为认为belief n.信任,信仰信仰believable adj.可信的可信的199 expect vt.期待, 预料预料expectation n.期待, 预料预料unexpectedly adv.意料之外地inspect v.仔细检查，视察仔细检查，视察inspection n.仔细检查，视察仔细检查，视察aspect n.方面，外表方面，外表prospect n.前景，展望前景，展望prospective adj.预期的预期的perspective n.远景，前途，观点远景，前途，观点spectacular adj壮观的盛大景象壮观的 n.盛大景象spectator n.观众观众201 serious adj.严肃的, 认真的, 严重的严重的severe adj.严厉的，严重的severity n.严重严重202 strategy n.策略, 战略战略strategic adj.战略上的战略上的203 industry n.工业, 勤奋勤奋industrial adj.工业的,从事工业的工业工人从事工业的 n.工业工人industrialise v.使工业化使工业化industrialisation n.工业化工业化204 deposit n.存款, 押金, 存放物堆积 vi.沉淀沉淀存放物 vt.存放, 堆积205 art n.艺术,技术技术artefact n.人造物品人造物品artwork n.艺术品, 美术品美术品artist n.艺术家, 画家画家artistic adj.艺术的, 有美感的有美感的artificial adj.人造的, 假的假的artificiality n.人工, 不自然, 人造物人造物206 venture v.（冒险）去某处（冒险）去某处adventure n.奇遇，冒险经历奇遇，冒险经历adventurous adj.爱冒险的，惊险的207 enable v.使能够使能够208 ambiguity n.含糊含糊209 subsidy n.补贴补贴subsidise v. 补贴补贴subsidiary adj.辅助的, 补充的补充的210 extreme adj.尽头的, 极端的极端的 n.极端, 极端的事物211 draw v.绘制, 拖曳, 抽取, 吸引拖曳吸引 n.平局,拖曳drawing n.图画, 制图, drawer n.抽屉, 画家画家drawback n.缺点, 障碍障碍212 mental adj.精神的, 智力的智力的213 generate vt.产生, 发生发生generation n.产生, 一代(人) generational adj.生育的, 世代的世代的generative adj.生成的生成的regenerate vt.再产生再产生214 whale n.鲸v.捕鲸捕鲸whaling n. 捕鲸捕鲸215 fibre n.纤维, 构造构造 [植]须根须根216 mood n.心情, 状态状态moody adj.喜怒无常的, 忧郁的忧郁的217 tend vi.趋向, 往往是照料往往是 vt.照料intend vt.打算, 意谓意谓intension n.紧张紧张attend vt.参加, 照顾, 注意留意注意 vi.专心, 留意attendance n.出席, 照料照料218 contribute v.捐助, 贡献, 投稿投稿contribution n.捐献, 贡献, 投稿投稿attribute v.归结于属性归结于 n.属性attribution n.属性属性distribute v.分发，使散开分发，使散开distribution n.分发，分配分发，分配219 simulate vt.冒充，模拟冒充，模拟simulation n.冒充，模拟冒充，模拟220 concept n.观念, 概念概念conceive v.想出想出conception n.观念, 概念概念conceptual adj.概念上的概念上的misconception n.误解误解221 supply n.供给, 供应品供给供应品 vt.供给supplier n.供应者供应者222 employ vt.雇用, 使用雇用使用 n.雇用employment n.雇用, 使用使用employee n.雇员雇员employer n.雇主雇主unemployment n.失业, 失业人数失业人数223 adapt vt.使适应, 改编改编adaptation n.适应, 改编改编adaptable adj.能适应的, 可修改的可修改的 adaptability n.适应性适应性adaptive adj.适应的适应的224 project n.计划，项目伸出，发射计划，项目 v.伸出，发射projector n.投影机投影机projectile n.射弹发射的射弹 adj.发射的225 tech n.工学院；技术学院工学院；技术学院technique n.技术, 技巧技巧technical adj.技术的, 技巧方面的technology n.科技, 技术技术technological adj.科技的科技的226 define vt.定义, 阐明阐明definition n.定义, 解说解说definitive adj.确定的, 权威性的权威性的definite adj.明确的明确的definitely adv.明确地明确地227 decade n.十年, 十228 local adj.地方的,局部的当地居民局部的 n.当地居民localize v.(使)局部化, (使)地方化地方化 localization n.地方化, 局限, 定位定位locality n.位置位置locate vt.查找...的地点, 使...坐落于, 位于位于 location n.位置, 场所场所229 。

雅思考试中最高频率词汇1228个发布日期:2011-04-28大家知道雅思词汇没有考纲，只要是词汇都可能在雅思中出现，要是你有2万的词汇量当然是好事，如果没有，那么这1228个词对于你来说就很重要了。

Obedient adj.服从的, 孝顺的object n.物体；v.反对, 拒绝, 抗议obligation n.义务, 职责, 债务oblige v.迫使, 责成obscene adj.淫秽的, 猥亵的obscure adj.朦胧的, 模糊的, 晦涩的observation n.观察, 观测obvious adj.明显的, 显而易见的occupy v.占用, 占据odds n.可能性，机率offend v.犯罪, 冒犯, 得罪offensive adj.讨厌的, 无礼的, 攻击性的offer v.提供, 出价omit v.省略, 疏忽, 遗漏opinion n.意见, 看法, 主张opportunity n.机会, 时机oppress v.压迫, 压抑optimism n.乐观, 乐观主义optimistic adj.乐观的option n.选项, 选择权optional adj.可选择的, 随意的order n.次序, 命令，定单；v.命令ordinary adj.平常的, 普通的, 平凡的oriental adj.亚洲的, 东方的original adj.最初的, 原始的, 独创的originate v.引起, 发起，起源ornament n.装饰物；v.装饰, 修饰outbreak n.爆发, 发作outstanding adj.突出的, 显著的overflow v.泛滥, 溢出overhear v.无意中听到, 偷听overlap v.交迭overlook v.俯瞰, 耸出, 远眺,overt adj.明显的, 公然的overthrow n.& v.打倒, 推翻, 颠覆overwhelm v.淹没, 覆没, 压倒pace n.(一)步, 步调panic n.惊慌, 恐慌paradox n.似非而是的论点, 自相矛盾的话paralyze v.使瘫痪, 使麻痹partial adj.部分的, 局部的, 偏袒的participant n.参与者, 共享者particularly adv.独特地, 显著地passion n.激情, 热情patent n.专利权, 执照, 专利品pathetic adj.可怜的, 悲惨的patriotic adj.爱国的, 有爱国心的peculiarly adv.特有地, 特别地peer n.同等的人；v.凝视, 窥视penalty n.处罚, 罚款pension n.养老金, 退休金perception n.理解,感知,感觉perform v.履行, 执行, 表演periodic adj.周期的, 定期的perish v.死亡, 腐烂, 枯萎permeate v.弥漫, 渗透, 透入permit n.执照；v.许可, 允许perpetual adj.永久的persistent adj.持久稳固的perspective n.透视, 远景, 观点pile n.堆；v.堆积, 堆叠pitch n. 沥青plague n.瘟疫, 麻烦, 苦恼plausible adj.似是而非的plea n.恳求, 请求, 辩解plead v.辩护, 恳求，借口pledge n. 誓言v. 发誓plunge v.投入, 陷入point n.点, 分数；v.指向, 指出pollute v.弄脏, 污染ponder v.沉思, 考虑portray v.描绘pose v.造成，引起possession n.拥有, 占有物, 所有possibility n.可能性, 可能发生的事物potential n.潜能；adj.潜在的pour v.灌注, 倾泻, 涌入poverty n.贫穷, 贫困, 贫乏practicable adj.能实行的, 行得通的, 可以实行的preach v.鼓吹precede v.领先, 在...之前, 先于precipitate n.沉淀物；v.猛地落下；adj.突如其来的preclude n.排除predominant adj.支配的, 主要的, 突出的preferable adj.更可取的, 更好的, 更优越的preliminary adj.初步的premise n.前提, 假定，房产prepare v.准备, 预备prescription n.指示, 规定, 处方, 药方present n.礼物, 现在；v.介绍, 赠送, 提出presentation n.介绍, 陈述, 赠送, 表达prestige n.声望, 威望, 威信presumably adv.推测起来, 大概presume v.假定, 假设, 认为prevalent adj.普遍的, 流行的prevent v.防止, 预防previous adj.早先的，在前的priority n.优先, 优先权privacy n.隐私, 秘密private adj.私人的, 私有的, 私营的probability n.可能性, 或然性, 概率probe n.探针；v.以探针探查proclaim v.宣布, 声明, 显示profitable adj.有利可图的profound adj.深刻的, 意义深远的, 渊博的progress n.前进, 进步, 发展prohibit v.禁止, 阻止prolong v.延长, 拖延prominent adj.卓越的，著名的，杰出的promising adj.有希望的, 有前途的promote v.促进, 发扬, 提拔prone adj.倾向于propel v.推进, 驱使properly adv.适当地, 完全地property n.财产, 所有权, 特性propose v.计划, 建议, 求婚proposition n.主张, 建议, 陈述, 命题prospective adj.预期的provision n.供应, 供应品, 预备provoke v.激怒, 挑拨, 煽动publish v.出版, 公布, 发表purchase n.& v.买, 购买purify v.纯净, 净化purpose n.目的, 意图, 效果pursuit n.追击puzzle n.难题, 谜；v.迷惑qualification n.资格, 条件, 限制quantity n.量, 数量queer adj.奇怪的, 可疑的question n.问题, 疑问；v.询问, 怀疑quite adv.相当, 完全, 十分quiver n.& v.震动, 颤抖quote v.引用, 提出, 报价rack n.行李架, 搁物架radiant adj.发光的, 辐射的radical adj.根本的, 基本的, 激进的rage n.愤怒, 情绪激动raise v.举起，引起，提高，抚养random n.随机；adj.随机的range n.山脉, 范围rank n.等级, 横列, 阶级rate n.比率, 速度, 等级reaction n.反应, 反作用, 反动(力) ready adj.有准备的, 准备完毕的, 现成的reality n.真实, 事实, 本体realize v.认识到, 了解, 实现receive v.收到, 接到recession n.撤回, 退回, 不景气reckless adj.不计后果的reckon v.计算, 总计, 估计recommend v.推荐, 介绍, 劝告reconcile v.和解, 和谐, 顺从recreation n.消遣, 娱乐rectify v.矫正, 调整reduce v.减少, 缩小, 简化redundant adj.多余的refrain v.节制, 避免, 制止refuse v.拒绝, 谢绝refute v.驳倒, 反驳regard v.看待, 重视, 尊敬regardless adj.不管, 不顾, 不注意register v.登记，注册regular adj.规则的, 有秩序的, 经常的regulate v.管制, 调节, 校准reinforce v.加强, 增援rejoice v.欣喜, 高兴, 喜悦relate v.叙述, 联系relation n.关系, 联系, 叙述relatively adv.相关地release v.释放, 放弃，发表reliance n.信任, 信心, 信赖relieve vt.减轻, 解除, 援救remarkable adj.不平常的, 值得注意的, 显著的remedy n.药物, 赔偿；v.治疗, 补救remove v.移动, 开除, 迁移repel v.击退, 抵制replace v.取代, 替换, 代替representation n.表现, 陈述, 代表reputation n.名声, 名望request n.& v.请求, 要求require v.需要, 要求, 命令resemblance n.类同之处resent v.愤恨reservation n.保留, 预定, 预约reserve v.储备, 保存, 保留reside v.居住resident n.居民；adj.居住的, 常驻的resist v.抵抗, 反抗resistant adj.抵抗的, 有抵抗力的response n.回答, 响应, 反应responsible adj.有责任的, 可靠的, 可依赖的restore v.恢复result n.结果；v.由于，导致retain v.保持, 保留retort v.反驳, 反击, 回报reveal v.展现, 揭示, 暴露revenge n.& v.报仇, 复仇reverse n.背面；v.颠倒, 倒转revise v.修订, 校订, 修正revive v.苏醒, 复兴, 复活rewrite v.重写, 改写ribbon n. 丝带, 带子rigid adj.刚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的rigorous adj.严格的, 严厉的, 严酷的riot n.& v.暴乱, 骚动rival n.竞争对手v.与…匹敌雅思听力场景全分析rob v.抢夺, 抢掠, 剥夺roughly adv.概略地, 粗糙地rude adj.粗鲁的, 无礼的rush n.& v. 匆促, 冲进savage n.野蛮人；adj.野蛮的, 未开化的, 残忍的scale n.刻度, 衡量,天平scarce adj.缺乏的, 不足的, 稀有的scared adj.恐惧的scene n.现场, 情景, 景色sceptical adj. 怀疑的scold v.责骂, 申斥, 斥责scope n.范围, 机会scorn n.& v.轻蔑, 不屑scratch n.& v. 搔, 抓script n.手稿, 手迹, 剧本secure adj.安全的, 可靠的; vt. (通过努力)获得，保护seek v.寻找, 探索, 寻求segment n.段, 节, 片断seize v.抓住, 逮住, 夺取sensation n.感觉, 感情, 感动sentence n.句子, 判决；v.宜判, 判决sentiment n.情操, 情绪, 多愁善感separate v.分开, 隔离, 分散seriously adv.认真地, 真诚地settle v.安放, 解决settlement n. 解决, 殖民, 沉降settler n.移民者,定居者severely adv.严格地, 激烈地shame n.羞耻, 羞愧share n.份额, 股份；v.分享shatter v. 散开, 粉碎, 破坏sheer adj.全然的, 纯粹的, 峻峭的shift n.& v.替换, 转移shrewd adj.精明shrink v.收缩, 缩短sight n.视力, 视觉, 见signal n.信号；v.发信号significance n.意义, 重要性significant adj.有意义的, 重大的, 重要的signify v.表示, 意味simultaneous adj.同时的, 同时发生的single adj.单一的, 单身的skeptical adj.怀疑性的,好怀疑的slack v.松懈, 松驰；adj.松弛的, 疏忽的slap n.& v.拍, 掌击slaughter n.& v.屠宰, 残杀slight adj.轻微的, 微小的smash v.打碎, 粉碎smooth adj.平滑的, 平静的snap v.猛地吸住, 突然折断snatch n.& v.攫取sole adj.单独的, 唯一的solitary adj.孤独的solution n.解答, 解决办法some adj.一些, 有些；pron.一些, 有些sophisiticated adj.熟练的，先进的。