LESSON 8 A FAMOUS MONASTERY

§ Lesson 8 A famous monastery著名的修道院【New words and expressions】生词和短语◆monastery n. 寺院，修道院◆St. Bernard 圣伯纳德◆pass n. 关隘◆watchdog n.看门狗◆rashly adj. 莽撞地，冒失地◆enclosure n.围场，圈地◆monk n.和尚，僧侣◆privacy n. 清静，隐居◆skier n. 滑雪者◆Easter n.复活节★monastery n. 寺院，修道院abbot:修道院院长convent nun:修女abbess:女修道院院长★St. Bernard 圣伯纳德★pass n. 关隘★watchdog n.看门狗★rashly adj. 莽撞地，冒失地boldly adv.★enclosure n. 围场，圈地★monk n. 和尚，僧侣★privacy n. 清静，隐居★skier n. 滑雪者★Easter n.复活节at Easter, at Christmas, at Thanksgiving【Text】§Les on 8A f amous m o n a s t e r y著名的修道院What are the St. Bernard dogs used for? The Great St Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 247o metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The famous monastery of St Bernard, which was founded in the eleventh century,lies about a mile away.For hundreds of years, St Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watch-dogs even in Roman times. Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous,but each yea,r the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenevera traveller is in difficulty. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on footDuring the summer months, the monastery is very busy,for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars,As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different. The temperature drops to –30○ and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. The monks Prefer winter to summer for they have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom, too,for they are allowed to wander outsidetheir enclosure. The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers whogo there at C hristmas and Easter. These young people, who love the peace of the mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery.【课文讲解】connects / Join Switzerland to Italy / link Switzerland with Italyconnect… with:把…与某事联系在一起I can’t connect the picture with my friend Mary. Are you connected with the government?be connected with 与…有联系at 2,473 metres: 介词短语修饰全句用于句首表示原因、条件或状态At the age of 25, he is able.At one point 65 metres, he is a little short.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句最大的区别非限制性定语从句是对主句或主句中所出现的某个名词的补充说明和解释，去掉对主句影响不大限制性定语从句是主句当中不可缺少的一部分Mr Smith was a famous person in American history.Mr Smith, who died on July 17th at 84, was a famous person in American history.There were very few passengers, who escaped without serious injury.There were very few passengers who escaped without serious injury.L08-01 end L08-02 b eg i nThe taxi drivers, who knew about the traffic jam, took another road.The taxi drivers who knew about the traffic jam took another road, and others who didn’t know about the traffic jam still took this heavy road.who 引导的非限制性定语从句主要指人做主语指代事物在非限制性定语从句当中只能使用whichHe lent me a thousand dollars, which was exactly the sum I needed.指代时间when, 地点whereHe was left on the desert island, where he stayed for as long as therr weeks.found 建立set up establishlive --- liveswhich 指代friend dogsThe panda, which was brought from China, was used as a symbol of friendship.Now that ：既然用做时间连接词时，后面通常跟完成式Now that you have left univers ity, you have to find a job.用做原因连接词时，后面时态不限。

Lesson 8 A famous monasterymonastery['mɒnəstri] / ['mɑ:nəsteri]n. 修道院monastery temple mosquemonk nunnunnery / conventchurch cathedralSt. Bernard[seɪnt-bə:'nɑ:d]圣伯纳德（地名）St. saintSt. Andrew’s RoadSt. Paul’s CathedralSt. Valentine’s Dayrashly ['ræʃlɪ]adv. 莽撞地，冒失地rash a rash decisionDon’t make rash promises.recklessHe was fined $100 for reckless driving.impulsive impulseShe's so impulsive—she saw the house for the first time and said she'd buy it straight away. enclosure[ɪn'kləʊʒə(r)]n. 围场，圈地enclosebe enclosed by …The garden was completely enclosed by a high wall.be surrounded by ...She said that she wanted to die surrounded by the people she loves.be besieged by ...Troy was besieged by Greeks.privacy['prɪvəsi] ['praɪvəsi]n. 清静，隐私，个人自由protect / respect / invade sb.’s privacyprivatea private conversation / collectorconnect A with / to BThe Channel Tunnel has connected Britain with mainland Europe for the first time.link A with / to Bjoin A to BThe Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. connect A with / to Blink A with / to BThere is no evidence to link / connect him with the murder.associate A with Brelate A to BThere are countless people who, ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails with food.Switzerland pizza Naziat …at an altitude of …Being at 2,473 meters, ...造句：4807 米的勃朗峰(Mont Blanc) 是阿尔卑斯山脉(the Alps) 的最高峰。

Lesson 8 A famous monastery 1、monastery n.寺院，（男）修道院convent /nunnerynun –monk《Sound of music》《音乐之声》《Sister act》《修女也疯狂》2、st.1)saintSaint Valentine’s Day 圣瓦伦丁节2)strait Taiwan Street3)street 马路the Wall Street华尔街3、pass n.关隘（a place that is difficult to cross）come to a pretty pass 陷入困境come to a nice pass come to a fine pass对顶修饰a dead living 虽生犹死a living deathShakespeare : 《Romeo and Juliet》-Parting is such a sweet sorrow.4、rashly adv.莽撞地，冒失地make a decision rashlyrash adj.make a rash decisionn．皮疹skin rashheat rash 痱子drug rash4、enclosure n.围场，圈地natural grazing ground 天然牧场pasture 牧场paddock 放牧围场enclosure（信中的）附件enclose v.-The mountains were enclosed by mist.en- 动词前缀encourage endanger enslave5、privacy n.清静，隐居- He didn’t say “I don’t want my privacy to be disturbed”.n．隐私individual privacy right of privacy6、skier n. 滑雪者skiing sleigh 雪橇snowboarding 滑雪板skateboard 滑板slider slide（show）幻灯片Text：1、connect v.连接(万能)connect to/with-A good student must connect what he reads with what he sees around him.contact n./v. 与人联系keep in contact / lose contact with sb.eye contact contact lensesrelate v.联系（抽象）-犯罪率的上升和失业率上升紧密相连。

§ Lesson 8 A famous monastery 著名的修道院【New words and expressions】生词和短语★monastery n. 寺院，修道院补充：abbey n. 修道院; 大教堂; 大寺院Westminster Abbey 伦敦威斯敏斯特大教堂威斯敏斯特大教堂坐落在伦敦泰晤士河(River Thames)北岸，原是一座本笃会(（天主教最公元960 年，1045年进行了扩建，1065年建成，1220年至1517年进行了重建。

威斯敏斯特教堂在1540年英国国教与罗马教廷决裂前，它一直是天主教本笃会即天主教的隐修院修会之一的教堂，1540年之后，一直是伦敦的国家级圣公会教堂。

教堂平面呈拉丁十字形，全长156米，宽22 米，大穹窿顶高31 米，钟楼高68.5 米，整座建筑既金碧辉煌，又静谧肃穆，被认为是英国哥特式(Gothic)建筑的杰作。

威斯敏斯特大教堂既是英国国教的礼拜堂，又是历代国王举行加冕典礼(coronation)、王室成员举行婚礼的大礼堂，还是一个国葬(state funeral)陵墓(mausoleum(名人、富人的)陵寝，陵墓)。

从11 世纪胜利王威廉开始，除了爱德华五世和爱德华八世外，所有英王都在此加冕登基，当今英女王伊丽莎白二世就是于1953 年6月在威斯敏斯特大教堂里举行加冕典礼的。

每当新国王加冕时，威斯敏斯特大教堂布置得焕然一新。

各国代表、皇亲国戚(a kinsman of the emperor ; members of the imperial [royal]house; princes and princesses of the royal family ; relatives of an emperor )上千人云集一堂，喇叭齐鸣，圣诗班(choir)高唱圣诗。

大主教(archbishop; eparch ;exarch; metropolitan ; primate )将王冕戴在英王头上。