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新标准商务英语综合教程1 第一单元译文关于选择苏mei 译资本主义的可靠主力--股份制公司--看起来出奇的持久，但是其面临的压力也在与日俱增。
1967年，约翰·肯尼斯·加尔布雷斯在其著作《新工业国家》中指出，美国由少数几家大公司以稳定为名掌控国家经济。
这种等级森严的官僚组织长期生产标准化产品，定期推陈出新，改良产品。
他们为工人提供终身制的就业机会，并与大型工会保持着良好的劳资关系。
那个世界现在已经不复存在。
美国的大型公司要么消失了，要么在全球化竞争中转型了，其中大多数企业已经由大批量转向高价值、由规模化转向定制化生产体系。
而且这些公司已经平抑了其管理层级，如今很少有人愿意一生只在一家公司里步步高升。
形势正在剧变，但是，这到底要将我们带向何方？现代公司又将何去何从呢？这里有三个为公众普遍接受的答案。
第一种观点认为，少数几家大公司正在无声地收购这个世界。
过去几十年中公司兼并的案例比皆是，创下了历史记录。
幸存下的公司比国家政体还要强大许多。
第二种思想学派的的观点却大相径庭。
他们认为大公司已经成为过去。
若要了解未来趋势，就看看电脑销售企业“单轨公司”吧。
单轨公司没有厂房、仓库以及其他任何有形资产。
该公司在亚特兰大一幢写字楼里租了一层办公区。
自由职业者此刻正在办公桌前设计电脑------尽管需求量仍然不高。
第三种观点认为传统公司正在被公司网所取代。
创业团队建立一个网络组织来推销其观点理念。
他们把点子卖给出价最高者，然后构架下一个点子，创建下一个公司，资金由风险投资家提供。
另一种展望公司未来的方法是聚焦影响公司发展的外部环境。
这种环境由一件事决定----选择。
科技和全球化为个人和公司提供了前所未有的机会，使得他们能够在传统体制之外搜集信息并展开经济活动。
规模化大生产时代降低了生产成本却限制了产品选择，而现代化弹性生产体系既降低了成本又增加了选择：消费者能够更自由地选择将钱花在何处，生产商能够更自由地选择供应商，股东也能够更自由地选择投资对象。
Unit 1 GlobalizationPart I Business VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence.1 There are too many examples in aviation and other ________B_______ of what has happened to companies that have tried to do that.A sectionsB sectorsC segmentsD components2 It would not _______A________ earlier mistakes such as attempting to enter the train or boat-building business.A repeatB makeC recognizeD produce3 He is impressed, he says, by the way in which oil companies have _______D_______ from losing national images.A obtainedB gotC reachedD benefited4 Royal Dutch/Shell is another group which manages to _______D________ itself asa local company in which it operates.A displayB exhibitC showD present5 When the Japanese tyre group Bridgestone entered the US market, it made an ________C________, buying the local production base of Firestone.A saleB purchaseC acquisitionD overpayment6 If a company wishes to enter the Chinese market, it usually looks for a local _______D_________ who will cooperate in setting up a joint venture.A manB talentC managerD partner7 If you’re ______C______ don’t go to Oslo – it’s Europe’s most expensive city.A hardB hardyC hard upD hard down8 A survey has ________A________ with some interesting information about the cost of living in our major cities.A come upB show upC put upD live up9 Meals at restaurants cost a ________C_________ and drinks are very pricey.A expenseB priceC fortuneD fate10 Being kept waiting, being connected to voice mail or being passed on to someoneelse are all common ________D________.A flashesB firesC firecrackersD flashpoints11 Reasons for this are _________B___________, according to Reed.A three piecesB threefoldC threeD triple12 Increasing numbers of transactions take place entirely by phone, from_____D____ insurance to paying bills.A doingB sellingC buyingD arranging13 As companies move towards ‘remote working’, the need for the right tone of voice________C________ to every level of the organization.A extendsB stretchesC expandsD attaches14 However, globalization has brought problems in the company’s overseas plants,and this is having a bad ________A_______ on its share prices.A effectB influenceC affectD consequence15 A journalist from the Eastern Economist Review suggested recently that thecompany could become the _______B_________ of a takeover if it didn’t sort out its problems soon.A aimB targetC objectiveD purpose16 Although this helps to lower costs, the materials are often of poor quality. This hasresulted in _________C_______ orders.A placedB placingC cancelledD canceling17 Recently, a German distributor refused a D of 50,000 blouses.A dealB transactionC cargoD consignment18 When customers want last-minute changes to clothing, the plants cannot meetcustomers’ tight _______D________.A timesB periodsC datesD deadlines19 Its latest ________C________ were described by a famous fashion expert as‘boring, behind the times and with no appeal to a fashion-conscious buyer’.A seriesB collectionsC sequencesD present20 Factory workers complain about their wages. They are often expected to work_______C_________ without extra pay.A overB timeC overtimeD timelyPart II Phrase TranslationDirections: Directions: There are 20 Chinese phrases in this part. You are required to translate them into English and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, one point for each phrase.1 资本外逃flight of capital2 福利welfare3 相互让步give and take4 国家形象national image5 航空航天公司aerospace company6 全球化公司global company7 就业问题job issue8 生活水准living standard9 跨文化问题cross-culture issues10 合资企业joint venture11 本地合伙人local partner12 许可协议license13 通货膨胀率inflation rate14 市场调研market research15 远程办公remote working16 全球会议global conference17 股票价格share price18 顾客需求customer’s needs19 低价战略low price strategy20 员工流动率staff turn overPart III Sentence TranslationDirections: There are 10 sentences in this part. You are required to translate them into Chinese and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, two points for each sentence.1.There are too many examples in aviation and other sectors of what has happenedto companies that have tried to do that.在航空业和其他领域发生在试图那样做的公司身上的例子太多了。
