初中英语语法专项复习：英语各个时态和语态讲解及练习题
初中英语有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。
1、一般现在时的用法
（1）一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用
always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,rarely,never,
every day(morning,Monday,week,...etc.)
,every there years,
once a week(day,month,...etc.),...等时间状语。例如：
a. He goes to school every day.
b. He is very happy.
c.The earth moves around the sun.
2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如：
a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.
b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside.
2.一般过去时的用法
（1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。常和:
last week(night,Monday,month,year,...etc.)
four years ago(days,month,...etc.)
before1980(three,liberation,从句,...etc.)
the day before yesterday,the day before last,
the year before last,just now,a monent ago,
yesterday,yesterday morning,this morning,
at first,at last,in the end,finally,then,..
a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday.
b. He worked in a factory in 1986.
2)表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。I used to smoke. During the vacation
I wouldm in the sea.
注：”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。
a. I am used to the climate here.
b. He is used tomming in winter.
3.一般将来时的用法
一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。其表达形式除了“ will 或shall + 动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。常和：next week(Monday,month,year,...etc.)
in three days(an hour,...etc.)
tomorrow,tomorrow morning,the day after tomorrow,the day after next,the year after next,tonight,in
2010(2016...etc.)
this evening,this Saturday,after Wednesday,soon,sometime next week,one day in futuer,sooner or later,... 1）be going to do 结构
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
2) “be about to + 动词原形” 表示即将发生的动作，意为be ready to do sth. 后面一般不跟时间状语。We are about to leave.
3) go , come , start, move, leave, arrive ,stay 等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。I’m leaving for Beijing.
4.现在进行时的用法
1）现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，由“ be + 现在分词” 构成。常和：now,these
days(weeks,months,...etc.)
this month(week,...etc.)
Look!,Listen!,...
另外，“系动词+ 介词或副词” 也表示进行时的意义。What are you doing? The bridge is under construction. 2）表示感觉、愿望和状态的某些动词（如have, be , here, se, like 等）一般不用进行。
5.过去进行时的用法
1）过去进行时过去某一时刻、某一阶段正进行的动作，由“ was (were) + 现在分词”构成。
常和：this time yesterday,this time last Friday,in those days,at nine last night,from one to three yesterday afternoon,...
In 1980 he was studying in a university.
He was reading a novel when I came in.
