中考阅读理解解析
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2023届中考语文阅读理解50篇(含答案)阅读理解题目1. 题目:宋词是我国古代文化的瑰宝之一,具有独特的艺术魅力。
下面是一首宋词,请阅读词的内容并回答问题:人面不知何处去,桃花依旧笑春风。
问题:这首词的主题是什么?答案:桃花笑春风。
2. 题目:请阅读下面的短文,并回答问题:秋天到了,一阵阵凉风吹过大地。
树叶从树上飘落下来,落叶铺满了地面。
孩子们迫不及待地拾起落叶,投进了空中,享受着秋天的乐趣。
问题:短文中的孩子们为什么拾起落叶并投进空中?答案:他们想享受秋天的乐趣。
3. 题目:阅读下面的内容,并回答问题:小明的爱好是玩乐高积木,他可以花很多时间搭建各种有趣的模型。
他喜欢动手,也喜欢思考如何组装。
小明相信通过玩乐高积木,他可以培养自己的创造力和空间想象力。
问题:小明为什么喜欢玩乐高积木?答案:他相信可以培养自己的创造力和空间想象力。
4. 题目:阅读下面的短文,并回答问题:高山上的空气清新宜人,森林中的鸟儿欢快地歌唱着。
小明来到了这个美丽的地方,他感受到了大自然的魅力,也学到了很多新知识。
他观察了不同种类的植物和动物,学会了如何爱护环境。
问题:小明通过来到高山上的体验学到了什么?答案:他学会了如何爱护环境。
5. 题目:阅读下面的内容,并回答问题:星期六是小明最喜欢的一天。
他可以和小伙伴们一起去公园玩耍,可以放风筝、骑自行车、吹泡泡。
他们度过了一个快乐的下午。
问题:星期六是小明最喜欢的一天吗?答案:是。
...50. 题目:阅读下面的内容,并回答问题:为了保护环境,小明主动参加了环境保护志愿者活动。
他和其他志愿者一起清理了公园内的垃圾,同时也给人们发放了环保手册,让大家了解环境保护的重要性。
问题:小明为什么要参加环境保护志愿者活动?答案:为了保护环境,让大家了解环境保护的重要性。
参考答案1. 桃花笑春风。
2. 他们想享受秋天的乐趣。
3. 他相信可以培养自己的创造力和空间想象力。
4. 他学会了如何爱护环境。
中考英语阅读理解难题及答案经典一、初三英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)1.阅读理解As far back as he could remember, Larry had wanted to go to Hollywood and become a film star. The young man's hopes for success were broken again and again. However, Hollywood was just everything to him. When he first came to California? Larry had decided never to give up and return home without success. Therefore, he kept on trying. "Some day," he told himself, "my big chance would come."Larry found a job—parking cars at one of Hollywood's big restaurants. His pay was low, but since the guests were kind enough to give him more money, he managed to make a living. One day he recognized an important film director driving into the parking lot and getting out of his car. Larry had recently heard that the man was ready to make a new picture.Larry got into the car and prepared to drive it on into the lot and park it. Then he stopped, jumped out, and ran over to the director. "Excuse me, sir, but I think it's only fair to tell you that it's now or never if you want me in your next picture. A lot of big companies are after me." Instead of pushing away the boy, the director laughed, then wrote something on a card and handed it to the young man. "Come and see me tomorrow."Larry got a small part in the director's next film. He was on his way!(1)It's clear that Larry's job—parking cars ________.A. helped him make a lot of moneyB. brought him the hope to be a film starC. made him fail again and again in getting into HollywoodD. gave him few chances to meet stars(2)The film director asked Larry to meet him the next day because _______.A. he needed a driver very muchB. Larry would become a starC. some big companies would give him a jobD. Larry expressed his hope in a wise way(3)We can learn from the story that _______.A. the film director knew Larry's hard experience beforeB. Larry managed to be a part in the new filmC. the job parking cars could bring young people everythingD. the new film was not so important for the director(4)"He was on his Way" refers to the fact that _______.A. he gave up and returned homeB. he began to work towards successC. he drove the director's car to HollywoodD. he had a long way to go to be in the film(5)The story mainly wants to tell us _______.A. it was hard for Larry, to find a job in a restaurant in HollywoodB. Larry was so lucky to meet the director in the parking lotC. why Larry could remember many things beforeD. how Larry succeeded- in his new life in Hollywood【答案】(1)B(2)D(3)B(4)B(5)D【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Larry在好莱坞寻求机会的故事。
最新初三中考初中语文阅读理解训练题及答案带解析一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下文,完成小题。
阅读危机是心灵缺氧①培根曾经说,阅读是一种消遣。
从大众文化的层面上理解,以前大部分普通中国人也是为了消遣才读书。
在被称为“文化热”的20世纪80年代,人们印象最深的就是门庭若市的新华书店和各类书摊,阅读是那个相对匮乏同时也相对悠闲时代的精神消遣。
但这种热情并不专属于阅读,而是一种对精神生活丰富性的渴求,随后以《渴望》为代表的电视连续剧就以新的形式抢占了人们晚饭后的时光。
②因此,信息时代所谓的阅读危机多少被夸大了,只不过是新的文化形式和消遣方式取代了传统的读书而已。
从整体上看,人们的精神生活更丰富了而不是更贫瘠了,获取知识的渠道更方便了而不是更封闭了。
100多年前,尼采也曾对报纸的出现忧心忡忡,认为这种快速折损的消耗品将会干扰人们对经典阅读的兴趣,后来证明他多虑了。
③这么说并不意味着阅读危机不存在,而是说它需要被更清晰地表达。
当我们说自己不读书时,意思常常是没有读书的时间或心情,而不是说无书可读,这背后是一种时间焦虑。
中国社会在20世纪90年代中期以后,就逐渐进入了一个加速奔跑的时代,时间成了稀缺资源。
尤其到了信息和时间都碎片化的网络时代,人们在不停的快速切换中,表现得像某种焦虑症患者。
④因此,阅读危机的实质是,人们由于缺乏以专注阅读为主要形式的精神深呼吸,而陷入被大量信息垃圾围困的心灵缺氧状态。
刚看了五分钟电子书,就被弹出的新闻链接吸引了注意力;这一分钟还在为某一公共事件激愤不已,下一分钟可能就因为某个段子开怀大笑。
照这个趋势,未来人类的心智结构或将改变,变得像金鱼一样只有7秒钟的记忆。
同时,由于缺乏深度的内心体验,网络时代人们的精神气质开始变得雷同。
⑤慢下来,读读书,不仅仅以阅读的名义进行,更应该站在保护一颗健全心灵的高度,站在人文危机的高度来看待。
如果说社会发展是一匹骏马,阅读及其代表的人文精神就应该是驾驭它的缰绳,不应该任由它在我们手上滑落。
中考阅读理解题型分类解析中考阅读理解是中学生日常考试中重要的一部分,通过对各种不同类型的阅读理解题型的解析,可以协助学生提高阅读能力和解题技巧。
本文将对中考阅读理解题型进行分类解析,帮助学生更好地应对考试。
一、主旨理解题型主旨理解题型是中考阅读理解中最常见的一种题型。
这种题型要求学生通过阅读短文,找出文章的中心思想或主题。
解答这种题型的关键在于抓住文章的关键词并理解其含义。
学生需要通读全文,了解文章的整体内容,运用自己的语言将文章主旨表达出来。
二、细节理解题型细节理解题型是要求学生根据文章中的具体细节信息回答问题的题型。
这种题型需要学生细致观察文章中的细节,并能够准确地理解其中的含义。
解答这种题型的方法是在阅读过程中将重要的信息做好标记,需要特别注意关键词的识别和记忆。
三、推理判断题型推理判断题型是基于文章的暗示或推理出一种观点、结论或推断的题型。
这种题型要求学生通过对文章的深层次思考和分析,在文章中找出线索,进行合理的推理判断。
解答这种题型的关键是仔细阅读文章,抓住文章中隐含的信息,并加以推断。
四、修辞手法题型修辞手法题型主要考察学生对修辞手法的理解和辨析能力。
这种题型通过对文章中修辞手法的辨析和分析,考察学生对语言表达形式的理解。
解答这种题型的方法是学生需要了解各种常见的修辞手法,并在阅读过程中注意观察作者是否使用了特定的修辞手法。
五、观点态度题型观点态度题型要求学生通过对文章中的言论和观点进行分析,找出作者的观点或态度。
这种题型需要学生全面理解文章中的论述和观点,并能够准确判断作者的真实想法。
解答这种题型的关键在于仔细阅读文章,注意作者的表达方式和用词选择。
中考阅读理解题型是学生中考复习中需要重点关注和针对性练习的题型之一。
通过对各类题型的分类解析,相信学生们能够更加全面地了解中考阅读理解题目的特点和要求,从而有针对性地提高自己的阅读能力和解题技巧。
希望本文的内容对广大中学生有所帮助。
2023广东中考阅读理解二、阅读(41分)(一)阅读下面的文字,完成10-14题。
(17分)【甲】于是入朝见威王,曰:“臣诚知不如徐公美。
臣之妻私臣,臣之妾畏臣,臣之客欲有求于臣,皆以美于徐公。
今齐地方千里,百二十城,宫妇左右莫不私王,朝廷之臣莫不畏王,四境之内莫不有求于王:由此观之,王之蔽甚矣。
”王曰:“善。
”乃下令:“群臣吏民能面刺寡人之过者,受上赏;上书谏寡人者,受中赏;能谤讥于市朝,闻寡人之耳者,受下赏。
”令初下,群臣进谏,门庭若市;数月之后,时时而间进;期年之后,虽欲言,无可进者。
燕、赵、韩、魏闻之,皆朝于齐。
此所谓战胜于朝廷。
(选自《战国策·齐策一》)10.解释文中加点词语的意思。
(3分)(1)臣之妻私臣() (2)闻寡人之耳者() (3)时时而间进()11.把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。
(4分)(1)臣诚知不如徐公美。
(2)期年之后,虽欲言,无可进者。
【乙】贞观中,太子承乾数亏礼度,侈纵日甚。
太子左庶子于志宁撰《谏苑》二十卷讽之。
是时太子右庶子孔颖达每犯颜进谏,承乾乳母遂安夫人谓颖达曰:“太子长成,何宜屡得面折?”对曰:“蒙国厚恩,死无所恨。
”谏诤愈切。
承乾令撰《孝经义疏》,颖达又因文见意,愈广规谏之道。
太宗并嘉纳之二人各赐帛五百匹黄金一斤以励承乾之意。
(选自《贞观政要》)12.下列各组句子中,加点词语意思相同的一项是(3分)A.太子承乾数亏补 /珠可历历数也B.承乾乳母遂安夫人谓颖达曰/予谓菊,花之隐逸者也C.何宜属得面折/群臣吏民能面刺寡人之过者D.蒙国厚恩/则有去国怀乡13.请用“”给文中画线的面了断句。
(3分太宗并嘉纳之二人各照《五百匹黄金,以励承乾之意14.根据【甲】【乙】两篇选文,把下面对话种不整。
(4分)(二)阅读下面的文字,完成15-17题。
(10分)善读无字之书齐夫①周恩来早年曾题对联自勉:“与有肝胆人共事,从无字句处读书。
”他告诫自己也劝诫人们:交友要有选择,要选良友、诤友;读书要注重实践。
可编辑修改精选全文完整版初三中考初中语文阅读理解训练题及答案带解析一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下文,回答问题。
读书是一种心灵修复吴黎宏①书是灵魂的伴侣、精神的导师、心灵的良医,书给人的馈赠与帮助可谓无穷。
对我来说,读书可以增智广才,可以励志修德,可以怡情养性,是一种最好的心灵修复方式。
②读书可以避免浅陋直白,让心灵丰盈圆润。
大学毕业刚工作时,我工作热情主动却有些马虎,考虑问题不够全面;待人真诚却显直白,有时甚至好心办了坏事。
这些问题,固然有客观的原因,但说到底,还是心智不够成熟,修养不到家。
除了在生活中体悟之外,我常从书中找老师,在阅读中修炼心性。
通过读《论语》《菜根谭》《小窗幽记》,懂得了“己所不欲,勿施于人”“以责人之心责己,以恕已之心恕人”,学会了换位思考。
由是,心智El渐丰盈成熟起来,待人接物和处理工作也变得更加稳重。
③读书可以消除烦恼郁闷,让心灵愉悦平和。
社会不同于象牙塔,要面对的事情很多,烦恼总是难免。
但烦恼不能成为障碍,情绪不能带进工作,压力应及时化解。
对我而言,读书可以摆脱现实的沉重,驱散生活中的不愉快,宛如冬天在温暖的炉前烤火,所有的忧愁、愤怒、牢骚都会像衣服上的湿气一样被烤得烟消云散。
读《诗经》,让心灵在纯真无邪的原野上奔腾;读《庄子》,任自己的灵魂尽情“逍遥游”;读清新隽永的散文,如沐春风、饮清泉般畅快……可以说,读一本早就想读的书,就像遇见了仰慕已久的朋友。
而且,读书的愉悦是发自内心、出于精神层面的乐趣,是充实持久、不可替代的快乐。
④________,________。
在快节奏的现代社会,人容易变得浮躁,尤其作为一名干部,不时对自己的品德修养进行修正,十分重要。
对我来说,向书中的古代圣贤寻求教诲是一条重要的途径。
老子说,“祸莫大于不知足,咎莫大于欲得”;孟子说,“养心莫善于寡欲”;诸葛亮说,“静以修身,俭以养德”;王阳明认为,君子要懂得“收放心”,磨炼自己的心性……通过读书,让自己沉淀下去,把心收回来。
中考英语阅读理解真题汇编(含答案)含解析一、阅读理解1.阅读理解In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor(辅导员)at a high school camp. On the first day, when we were dancing and playing games, I noticed a boy under the tree who was small and thin. His shyness made him appear weak. I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to join in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, "No, I really don't want to do this." I could understand that he was in a new world but I knew it wouldn't be right to force him either. Actually, the boy didn't need a close talk but a friend.At lunch the next day, I was leading camp songs when I saw the boy under the tree sitting alone.I tried again with the same invitation, but he refused once again. That evening I was told the boy's name was Tommy. Then I asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could.The days went by and the time came when we had to leave. We held a big, warm party to celebrate the closing of the camp. All the campers shared their wonderful moments. To my surprise, I found the boy from under the tree dancing joyfully with two girls. I couldn't believe it was the same person.In October of my second year, I received a phone call from Tommy's mother. She told me that Tommy was hit by a car and died. I offered my deep sadness. The mother said, "Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months."At that moment, I realized how easy it was to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I hope that everyone can pay attention to his own "boy under the tree".(1)Before the writer came to the high school summer camp, he was a(n) .A. instructorB. camperC. studentD. reporter(2)How many times did the writer invite the boy to join in the activities?A. Once.B. Twice.C. Three times.D. Many times.(3)Which is the CORRECT order about the story?①The boy danced joyfully wi th two girls.② The boy went back to school and made new friends.③ The boy refused to join in the activities.④The boy's mother made a phone call to the writer.A. ①②③④B. ②③①④C. ③①②④D.④③②①(4)From Paragraph 4, we can infer that Tommy's mother was very to the writer.A. thankfulB. helpfulC. faithfulD. harmful【答案】(1)C(2)B(3)C(4)A【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助,让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。
中考英语阅读理解题目及答案解析初中的时候,其实我是非常喜欢做英语阅读理解题的,因为每每看完一篇英语阅读理解,就会知道一个棒棒哒小故事。
今天小编给大家带来中考英语阅读理解题,希望大家喜欢并且能够有所收获。
中考英语阅读理解题1Another ReasonIt was a quiet village in which there was a military camp. It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around. Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers. But it was difficult for the young men to go outside. Mr. White, an officer of forty, was strict with them and he hardly let them leave the camp.Once Mr. White was ill in bed. He couldn’t work and a young officer, Mr. Hunt, began to train the new soldiers instead of him. He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday. But night fell and none came back to the camp. He was worried about it and stood at the gate. It was five to twelve when Mr. Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening with the young men. He started the car quickly and set off. At that moment the nine soldiers came back. It seemed they were all drunk. Of course they found the officer was angry.“I’m sorry, sir,” said the first soldier. “I left the town on time. But something was wrong with my bus on my way here. I had to buy a horse and made it run fast. Bad luck! It died and I had to run back.”And the other seven soldiers said they were late for the same reasons. It was the last soldier’s turn. He said, “I’m sorry, sir. I got on a bus on ti me, but…”Having heard this, the officer became even angrier and stopped him at once. He called out, “If you say something was wrong with your bus, I’ll punish you at once!”“No, no, sir,” said the young man. “My bus was all right, but the dead horses were in its way!”1. The military camp was built in the village to _______.A. stop the soldiers going to townsB. stop the soldiers meeting their friendsC. train the new soldiersD. make the young men live quietly2. Mr. Hunt let the nine soldiers have a holiday because _______.A. he was kind to themB. they felt lonelyC. they had something important to doD. they were the best of all3. The young officer was worried because _______.A. a traffic accident had happenedB. he was afraid something happened to the nine soldiersC. the nine soldiers didn’t come back on timeD. the nine soldiers drank too much in the town4. The nine soldiers returned to the camp late because _______.A. something was wrong with their busesB. their horses died on the return wayC. it took them much time to run backD. they all had drunk much in the town5. Which answer do you think right?A. I’ll believe only the last soldier.B. The officer believed the nine soldiers.C. I’ll believe none of the nine soldiers.D. The officer won’t punish his soldiers.【答案与解析】本文讲9个士兵为自己没有按时返回军营找借口开脱的故事。
中考阅读理解题型详解阅读理解题是中考英语考试中的重要题型之一,其要求考生根据所给的短文,理解并回答相关问题。
本文将详细介绍中考阅读理解题的类型及解题方法。
一、选择题型选择题型是中考阅读理解题中最常见的题型。
在这种题型中,考生需要从给定的选项中选择一个最佳答案。
提问方式常见的有以下几种:1. 根据短文内容选择正确答案。
例题:(1) What can we learn from the passage?A. The boy is afraid of animals.B. The boy likes flowers.C. The boy is kind and brave.D. The boy is very lazy.选项分析:根据短文内容我们可以得知男孩勇敢且善良,所以选项C是正确答案。
2. 根据短文意义选择正确答案。
例题:(2) What does the underlined word "brave" mean in the passage?A. Angry.B. Happy.C. Smart.D. Courageous.选项分析:根据上下文,我们可以推断出"brave"的意思是“勇敢的”,所以答案选项D是正确答案。
解题技巧:在解决选择题时,考生需要仔细阅读题干和选项,理解短文内容,将答案与选项进行逐一比较,排除干扰项,选择正确答案。
二、配对题型配对题型要求考生根据短文内容,将相应的选项与相关信息进行匹配。
提问方式常见的有以下几种:1.根据信息选择正确答案。
例题:(3) Which of the following is true about Kate?A. She is good at math.B. She likes playing basketball.C. She has a brother and a sister.D. She enjoys dancing and singing.选项分析:根据短文内容我们可以得知Kate擅长数学,所以选项A是正确答案。
初三中考初中语文阅读练习题及答案带解析一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下面的文段,回答问题。
关于“梦想”的主题阅读(“梦想”调查)年少时,每个人都有自己的梦想,或多或少或大或小。
长大后,有的人仍在坚持,但还有许多人,或满足于现实的安稳,或受限于现实的平庸。
新的一年又来了,你小时候的梦想还在吗?中国青年报社调查中心在春节期间进行了一项调查。
儿时的梦想都是关于什么的?调查显示,49.9%的受访者是想从事某职业,36.8%的受访者是想赚很多钱,23.2%的受访者是关于实现某个目标,11.7%的受访者想环游世界。
有多少人实现了儿时的梦想?调查中,75.8%的受访者表示并未实现。
至于没有实现梦想的原因,47.1%的受访者表示是生活现实所致,18.4%的受访者坦言自己没有毅力和决心,18.2%的受访者表示梦想本身太幼稚,还有人表示是父母家人阻拦。
有21.6%的受访者表示还在努力中。
调查显示,46.5%的受访者表示仍会为儿时的梦想努力,40.8%的受访者表示不会,要实现梦想,47.7%的受访者认为最重要的是热爱和坚持,31.3%的受访者认为脚踏实地的行动最重要,14.6%的受访者表示应该多积累、少空谈,13.8%的受访者表示要有同道中人。
调查中,83.1%的受访者表示,不能等以后有空了再去实现梦想,追梦要趁早。
总的来说,55.5%的受访者认为自己新的一年会更好,6.2%的受访者认为会更精,19.1%的受访者觉得不会有变化。
(选自《济宁晚报》)(培育梦想)施一公,中国著名的结构生物学家,是中国科学院、美国艺术与科学学院、美国国家科学院的“三合一院士”。
他在世界上第一次解析了“剪接体”结构,成为最震动世界的突破之一;在抑制肿瘤因子和治疗老年痴呆症药物研究方面,也具有让世界震惊的研究成果。
但是,他当年的生物学成绩非常不好,遗传学和细胞学的实验与课程,在班上都是中下等成绩。
当他1989年从清华大学本科毕业时,他的兴奋点是从政和经商,而对学术并无兴趣。
(英语)中考英语阅读理解题 20 套( 带答案 ) 含解析一、阅读理解1.阅读理解Scrapbooking is a hobby. It was popular for more than 500 years. People called it a friendship book. They kept pictures, letters, poems and other things they wanted to remember.Today people collect many things in scrapbooks. Some people have funny collections, likethe world's most awkward ideas or pictures of the world's most ugly dogs. Other people maycollect stories about the bad weather.It is easy to get started. First, you should decide what you want to collect. Start with just one idea. Next, you will need a book with background paper, scissors and glue. You need the scissors to cut out the pictures or stories. You need the glue to stick them to the background paper.You can be busy and collect many things or lazy and collect few things. It'll be lots of funto make your scrapbook and you can share it with your friends.(1) How long was scrapbooking popular?A. less than 500 yearsB. 500 yearsC. over 500 yearsD. more than 550 years (2) What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word "awkward"?A. 聪慧的B. 蠢笨的C. 美好的D. 残疾的(3) How many items (物件) are mentioned to make a scrapbook?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.(4) To make a scrapbook, what do you need first?D. An idea.A. Glue.B. Scissors.C. A book.(5) What's the best title of the passage?A. ScrapbookingB. The History of ScrapbookingC. What Is a Scrapbook?D. How to make a Scrapbook【答案】( 1) C(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) A【解析】【解析】本文介绍了剪粘书的通途,可以保存照片、信件、诗歌和其余他们想记着的东西。
中考英语阅读理解练习及答案解析中考英语阅读理解练习及答案解析解主旨大意这种题目时,不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义,要在细读全文的基础上,结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、科学专业知识进行逻辑思维、推理、判断,从而获取文章中内隐的信息。
下面是店铺分享的中考英语阅读理解,希望能对大家有所帮助! 英语阅读理解【1】Teahouses in ChengduThere is a saying, “China has the best teahouses in the world and Chengdu has the best teahouses in China.”Chengdu has not only many teahouses but also the special ways of serving and drinking tea.As soon as the visitors enter the teahouses, the waiters or waitresses will greet them with teapots and cups in their hands. The cups often have special covers and saucers(茶碟). The covers can keep the water warm.People who go to the teahouses are not all thirsty. Retired(退休)people pay a little money to the teahouses and then sit there all day long to chat with others. Sometimes, people have parties in the teahouses. They eat fruit and sunflower seeds(瓜子)while they chat and return home when they are tired. Teahouses are also good places for people to talk about businesses. Some of the teahouses even have stages for performances, such as storytelling, cross talk and Sichuan Opera. Sometimes when people have a quarrel, a mediator(调解员)will bring them to the teahouse. After their problem is solved, the person who is wrong will pay for the tea. It is interesting that as soon as the quarrelers enter the teahouse and sit down to drink tea, they have almost calmed down. With the help of the mediator, their problems canbe easily solved then. Maybe we can say the teahouses have some special social functions.31.Chengdu has the best teahouses in China because _____.A.the serving of the teahouses in Chengdu is very specialB.there are many people in Chengdu teahousesC.there are many old men in Chengdu teahousesD.the cups in Chengdu teahouses are old32.People in Chengdu’s teahouses may _____ while they are drinking according to the passage.A.enjoy interesting storiesB.watch moviesC.listen to Beijing OperaD.quarrel in loud voice33.Who will pay for the tea after the mediator solve some problems?A.The mediator himselfB.The person who caused the problemC.All the persons in the teahouseD.The owner of the teahouse34.This passage is taken from some newspaper. Which part do you think it is from?A.The sports part.B.The news part.C.The culture part.D.The education part.35.This passage mainly talks about _______.A.how to make teaB.how to open a teahouseC.the special functions of the teahousesD.the special way of enjoying tea英语阅读理解【2】In 1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business .But he was not a good artist. So he invented a very simple camera. He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden. That was the first photo.The next important date in the history of photography (摄影术) was in 1837. That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his reading room. He used a new kind of camera in a different way. In his picture you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest thing. This kind of photo was called a Daguerreotype.Soon, other people began to use Daguerre’s way. Travelers brought back wonderful photos from all around the world. People took pictures of famous buildings, cities and mountains.In about 1840, photography was developed. Then photographers could take pictures of people and moving things. That was not simple. The photographers had to carry a lot of films and other machines. But this did not stop them, for example, some in the United States worked so hard.Mathew Brady was a famous American photographers. He took many pictures of great people. The picture were unusual because they were very lifelike(栩栩如生的).Photographers also became one kind of art by the end of the 19th century. Some photos were not just copies of the real world. They showed the ideas and feelings, like other kinds of art.36.The first photo taken by Niepce was a picture of ____________A. his businessB. his gardenC. his window37.The Daguerreotype was____________.A. a FrenchmanB. a kind of pictureC. a kind of camera38.If a photographer wanted to take pictures of moving things in the year of 1840, he had to__________.A. watch lots of filmsB. buy an expensive cameraC. take many films and something else with him.39.Mathew Brady______________.A. was very lifelikeB. was quite strongC. was famous for his unusual pictures40.This passage tells us_____________.A. how photography was developedB. how to show your ideas and feelings in picturesC. how to take pictures in the world英语阅读理解【3】Beijing is facing severe (严重的) traffic problems."Roads are wider now, but traffic jams (堵塞) often happen every day. " Yuan, a Beijing taxi drivers said.Beijing government is trying to do something to make traffic jams less. Before 2007, there were a few subway lines in Beijing. There was only line 1, line 2, line 13 and Batong Line. But now there is line 5, line 10, line 4, the airport fast -track and the Olympic branch line. And there will be 13 subway lines under construction in Beijing at the same time at the end of this year.The opening of the new subway line is convenient to tourists. Before, arriving in Beijing, many visitors would usually take a taxi to interesting places of Beijing. Today, as soon as people get off the plane, they can take the Airport Express Line, going to different interesting places through the subway lines. The government also strives to open a new line each year from now until 2015. The subway of Beijing reached 300 kilometers in 2010 and it will reach 561 kilometers in 2015.Miss Xiao, who lives in South Water Bridge and works at Hepingli, said that traveling by her car still took her at least one hour from home to work because of traffic jams. Now, because of the railway line 5, Miss Xiao can arrive at her office in less than haft an hour.【小题1】What are the traffic problems in Beijing now?A. Drivers drive too fast.B. Roads are not wide enough.C. Traffic jams often happen.D. Traffic lights are always broken.【小题2】What does the underlined phrase "under construction" mean in Chinese?A. 在学习B. 在建造中C. 在应用中D. 在控制中【小题3】Why is the opening of the new subway line convenient to tourists?A. Because the new subway line is very interesting.B. Because the new subway line's ticket is very cheap.C. Because people in Beijing can cost less money than that before.D. Because visitors can take the subway to many different interesting places.【小题4】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Visitors like to take a taxi in Beijing better.B. The subway of Beijing will reach 300 kilometers in 2015.C. There will be 15 subway lines in Beijing at the end of the year.D. It takes Miss Xiao less time to get to her workplace by railway line 5.【小题5】What is the main idea of the passage?A. People in Beijing invented high -speed trains.B. Railway lines in Beijing only covers some areas.C. Beijing welcomes visitors from different places.D. Beijing government has done something to make traffic jams less.。
中华传统美德的时代价值①中华传统美德,是指中国五千年历史流传下来的优秀道德遗产,是中华名族千百年来处理人际关系以及人与社会关系的实践结晶,在加强社会主义道德建设的今天,仍然具有重要的时代价值。
②传统美德中最重视一个“忠”字。
传统意义上的“忠”,虽然有忠于君主的糟粕成分,但更多的是对祖国的忠诚。
屈原自投汩罗,张骞出使西域,戚继光抗倭,林则徐销烟……这些先贤的事迹之所以为人们世代传颂,就在于这种“忠”实际上促进了国家、民族发展。
孙中山先生曾说:“现在说到忠于君,固然是不可为;说忠于国是可不可呢?忠于事又是可不可呢?我们做一件事,总要始终不渝,做到成功。
如果做不成功,就是把生命去牺牲,亦所不惜,这便是忠。
”今天弘扬“忠”,就是提倡每一个人既要热爱我们的文化、族群,又要忠于职守,尽心竭力做好每一件事。
这种于国于事的担当意识,是实现民族复兴的强大动力。
③传统美德对促进人际和谐有积极作用。
传统美德以仁爱为本,《论语》中的“己所不欲,勿施于人”,《孟子》中的“老吾老,以及人之老;幼吾幼,以及人之幼”①,都体现了这种仁爱美德。
“仁者爱人”一个有仁爱之心的人,就必然为爱所驱使,为所爱的人奉献,关心他,爱护他。
因此,这种美德是调节人际关系、保障社会和谐不可或缺的。
近年来,一些人过分追求个人私利,导致了人际关系的冷漠与紧张,影响了社会的和谐与稳定,倡导仁爱,可以唤醒人们的道德良知,提升奉献意识,使人与人相互为善,彼此之间充满友爱。
因此,充分汲取传统道德中的仁爱美德,既是净化社会风气的需要,也是实现社会和谐的需要。
④就个人而言,传统美德有助于为安身之命提供精神营养。
读《陋室铭》可以知道,唐朝诗人刘禹锡,虽身处逆境却不改高洁的情操和乐观的人生态度,就是因为他在仕途失意、不能“兼善天下”时,便以“穷则独善其身”作为立身行事的准则,从而获得了“惟吾德馨”的精神回报和巨大的自我满足感。
可见,中华传统美德,会为我们提供丰富的精神营养,进而转化成一种强大的精神力量。
中考英语阅读理解及解析(9篇)中考英语阅读理解及解析篇1When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend for new clothes. Think about the kind of clothes you really need. Then look for those clothes on sale(销售).There are labels(标签)inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water. The label on a coat may say "dry clean only." Washing may ruin(损坏)this coat. If you do as the directions(说明)say on the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best. Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check(核实)to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not always better made. They do not always fit(合身)better. Sometime less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.1.If you want to save money you can buy clothes that _____.A. don’t fit youB. don’t last longC. need to be dry cleanedD. can be washed2.The label inside the clothes tell you______.A. how to keep them looking their bestB. how to save moneyC. whether they fit you or notD. where to get them dry cleaned3.The first thing for you to do before you buy clothes is ______.A. to look for well-made clothesB. to see how much money you can payC. to know how to wash themD. to read the labels inside them4.We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes ______.A. are always worse madeB. must be dry cleanedC. can not be washedD. can sometimes fit you better5.The best title(标题) for the reading should be______.A. Buying Less Expensive ClothesB. Taking Enough Money When ShoppingC. Being a Clever Clothes ShopperD. Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes【答案与解析】1.此题为理解题,从第二段Dry cleaning is expensive. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.可以看出C答案不对,又可以从第三段很容易判断出A和B不对。
初三中考初中语文阅读理解专项练习题及答案资料带解析一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下面文章,完成后面小题向大海也能要“药”刘诗瑶①前不久,由中国海洋大学、中国科学院上海药物研究所和上海绿谷制药联合研发的治疗阿尔茨海默症新药“甘露寡糖二酸”(GV—971)顺利完成临床Ⅲ期试验,在新药研制上迈过了最关键的一步。
该药物是从海藻中提取的海洋寡糖类分子,其新颖的作用模式与独特的多靶作用特征,为阿尔茨海默症药物研发开辟了新路径。
②海洋约占地球表面积的71%,是巨大的生物资源库。
以海洋生物和海洋矿物中的有效成分为基础开发的药物就是海洋药物。
据中国海洋大学、青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室学委会主任管华诗院士介绍,目前认识和开发的海洋药物主要来自海洋生物资源。
③人类主要生活在陆地上,所研发的药物主要来源于陆地,但使用多了,就有可能产生耐药性。
于是,人们将目光转向了浩瀚深邃的海洋。
④除了够新,海洋药物还够“奇”。
据管华诗介绍,为了适应在深海环境中的生存、繁衍、防御等活动,深海生物进化出了独特的基因,耐寒耐热耐高压等,能够产生结构奇特、活性多样显著的海洋天然产物,它们为现代创新药物研发提供了重要结构信息,是肿瘤、心脑血管疾病、免疫性疾病、神经系统疾病等人类重大疾病药物先导化合物发现的重要源泉。
⑤半个多世纪以来,全球共有13个海洋创新药物被批准上市,其中管华诗院士1985年开发上市的我国首个海洋新药藻酸双酯钠(PSS)就是其中之一。
进入21世纪后,海洋药物的开发和上市速度明显加快,十几年间,先后有8个海洋药物被美国FDA(食品药品监督管理局)或欧盟EMEA(欧洲药品评估局)批准上市。
到2016年,海洋药物的全球市场达到86亿美元,已成为蓝色经济发展中的重要一极。
⑥据了解,世界各国尤其是美国、日本及欧盟等国家纷纷制订相应计划,斥巨资开发海洋生物资源,海洋药物已经成为国际医药领域竞争的热点。
⑦但向大海要“药”,并不容易。
中考阅读理解长难句解析与应对策略阅读理解是中考英语考试中的重要环节之一,考察学生对语篇的理解能力和解决问题的能力。
而在阅读理解中,长难句常常会成为学生的难点。
本文将对中考阅读理解中的长难句进行解析,并提供一些应对策略。
一、长难句解析长难句在中考阅读中层出不穷,因此正确解读长难句对于学生来说至关重要。
下面,我们将以具体例子来进行长难句解析。
例句1:Although it was raining heavily, the students didn't mind and continued their outdoor activities.这是一个以Although引导的让步状语从句。
虽然从句中出现了一些词语,如it、was raining heavily,但是关键在于理解从句的含义:尽管下着大雨,学生们并不介意,继续他们的户外活动。
只要理解了从句的含义,就能够正确解读句子的意思。
例句2:The more you practice, the better you will become.这是一个以the more...the more...结构的比较状语从句。
理解这一句型的关键在于分析其中的比较关系。
在本句中,前半句the more you practice是对后半句the better you will become进行了进一步的解释,即你练习得越多,你将变得越好。
掌握这种句型的用法,有助于学生在阅读理解时更好地理解句子的意思。
二、应对策略遇到长难句时,学生可以采用以下策略来解决问题。
1. 分析句子结构:学生应该学会分析句子的结构,识别出主句、从句和连接词等成分。
这样可以帮助学生理清句子的逻辑关系,准确理解句子的意义。
2. 理解关键词:长难句中常常会有一些关键词,如连词、比较级、让步状语等。
学生应该重点理解并牢记这些关键词的含义,以帮助他们正确理解句子。
3. 运用上下文推导:在阅读理解中,学生可以根据上下文的意义推导出长难句的含义。
2023中考英语阅读理解点+例题_全面解析经典1一、中考英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)1.阅读短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see clearly the different games and toys for boys and girls: there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls; and dark colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys. Some big stores with toys may even have a pink floor for girls and a blue floor for boys. In fact, it is difficult to buy a toy for a girl that is not pink.Some people think that too much pink is bad for girls. Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. According to some scientists, this happens for two reasons. Firstly, most companies offer too many products in pink. Also, many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make proper decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect (影响)the choices and the decisions they will make in the future.Some parents are worried too-for example, Vanessa Holburn, thirty-two, who has two girls under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. "Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong and powerful. I want my daughters to be strong and powerful. I'm worried that pink will not help them with that," she says.But not everyone thinks there's something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn't worried at all. "People forget that things change all the time," he says. "My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change." Turner explains that his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes anymore. "This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change," he adds. "It's only since the 1940s that people have started dressing girls in pink-before that it was a color for boys."(1)Which of the following best shows the structure-of-the passage?A. B. C. D.(2)The underlined word "that" in Paragraph 3 means ________.A. being soft and gentleB. being strong and powerfulC. being gentle but powerfulD. being cute and beautiful(3)According to Grayson Turner, ________.A. parents needn't worry about pink toysB. all little kids love the color pinkC. pink has always been a color for girlsD. his girls now prefer the color blue(4)The purpose of this passage is to ________.A. explain why girls are crazy about the color pinkB. make parents less worried about the color pinkC. encourage girls to give up playing with pink toysD. show people's different opinions about the color pink【答案】(1)B(2)B(3)A(4)D【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章从女孩的玩具大多是粉红色的,男孩的玩具大多是蓝色的或者深色的,向人们介绍了不同的人们对粉红色的不同观点。
最新初三中考初中语文阅读理解专项练习题及答案资料含答案带解析一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下面选文,完成小题。
蛋白蛋黄都要吃①蛋黄中胆固醇含量高,因而很多人不敢吃鸡蛋黄,尤其是血脂和血压异常的朋友,吃鸡蛋往往把蛋黄丢弃,只吃蛋清。
②事实上,蛋清与蛋黄相比,营养差远了,丢弃蛋黄只吃蛋清是非常浪费的吃法。
即使患有高血脂、高胆固醇的人也可以吃蛋黄,适量即可。
③蛋黄是蛋类中维生素和矿物质的主要集中部位,并且富含磷脂和胆碱,其脂肪组成以单不饱和脂肪酸为主。
蛋黄是鸡蛋的精髓,对健康十分有益。
蛋黄中还含有甜菜碱、叶黄素、叶酸等营养保健成分。
适量食用蛋黄,与其他食物营养成分合理搭配,有利于降低心脏病的危险,预防老年人眼睛黄斑变性等病症。
④蛋黄有一个小优点,不管用什么方法烹调,其营养成分变化都很小,能够比较完好地保存。
有人认为,蛋黄煎煮熟透会破坏其营养成分,这完全是多余的担心。
⑤蛋黄最受争议的一点是其胆固醇含量比较高,经检测100克蛋黄的胆固醇含量有1510 ⑤毫克左右。
但是,科学证据表明适量摄入蛋黄不会明显影响血清胆固醇水平,也不会成为引起心血管等疾病的危险因素;对于一般人群而言,每天吃1个鸡蛋与心血管疾病的发病风险没有关联。
⑥已经确诊患有高血脂、高胆固醇的人也可以吃鸡蛋,包括蛋黄。
考虑到风险因素,关键是要掌握好蛋黄的食用量,而不该完全舍弃吃鸡蛋。
蛋黄中含有丰富的卵磷脂,卵磷脂具有调节和控制血胆固醇的作用。
就是说鸡蛋黄虽然胆固醇含量高,但同时其自身具有一定的调节胆固醇效用。
相比蛋黄,高胆固醇患者更应该控制的食物是猪脑、牛脑等食物。
猪脑、牛脑中胆固醇含量是鸡蛋黄的2倍。
⑦胆固醇属于脂类,人体各组织中皆含有胆固醇,它是许多生物膜的重要组成成分。
胆固醇是体内合成维生素D及胆汁酸的前题,维生素D调节钙磷代谢,胆汁酸是脂类和脂溶性维生素消化与吸收的必需条件。
胆固醇在体内还可以转变成多种激素。
⑧人体内胆固醇主要有两个来源:一种是内源性的,由人体肝脏自己产生,占人体胆固70%——80%,是人体胆固醇的主要来源;另一种是外源性的,经膳食摄入,占人醇总量的70%20%——30%。
中考阅读理解解析中考阅读常见的就是记叙文和说明文,议论文较少,限于篇幅,不再赘述。
希望对你在学习和考试时有所帮助.现代文阅读试题答题技巧方法1、基本要领:整体把握,抓住关键语句,在文中找答案2、步骤:(读文章共两遍)第一遍:通读全篇,大致了解。
先整体粗略阅读全文,大致感知文章大意即可;阅读时凭感觉划出自认为重点的词语、句子;[可以稍快] 第二遍:审清题意,回读原文。
看一遍题目,确定回答问题的阅读范围,再结合试题(顺藤)找到相关的段、句,截取关键性文字;找出或归纳出答案(摘瓜)。
[宜慢,仔细,并回读检查] 最后:理清要点,认真答题。
根据答题要求,加工改造,概括提炼。
(尽可能利用原文中的关键性文字答题)一解答现代文阅读题应分的三个步骤详解:第一步,通读全篇,大致了解。
第一遍先整体粗略阅读全文,大致了解文章大意即可,做到心中有数。
那么我们要大致了解文章的哪些东西呢?1、了解文章的大致内容。
哪些人?什么事?什么景?什么物?什么话题?怎么写的?为什么要这样写?你是怎么看的?2、了解文章的大致结构,主要思路。
了解文章叙述的基本要素是什么(记叙的人物、事情、时间、地点是什么)?作者的情感变化是怎样的?材料有哪些?是怎样安排的?文章是怎样过渡的?弄清文章的线索、顺序、层次等。
3、了解文章的思想、感情、主旨。
注意事项:用以下几种方法可以达到上面的目的:一、抓住文章中关键的词句。
文章中关键的词句:标题、开头句、结尾句、独立成段的句子、中心句、警句、比喻句、连问句、过渡句、抒情句、议论句、反复出现的词句、重点关联词(如段落开头的词:不但……而且……因为何况但是然而因此)等等,应特别注意那些体现作者立场观点、反映文章深层次内容、内涵较为丰富、形象生动的词句。
注意文章的主旨往往就隐藏在这些句子里。
有的散文采用托物言志、象征等手法,相当隐晦,我们也能从这些词句中找到蛛丝马迹。
二、弄清文章的结构。
从结构形式入手比较容易把握文章的思想内容,也就是说,把结构层次弄清了,也就比较容易理解文章的中心思想。
从这一点来讲,弄清结构是记叙文阅读的基础。
弄清记叙文的结构,可从下面几方面进行。
(l )找出文章的线索。
记叙文的线索形式有:以时空转移为线索,以一人、一事、一物为线索。
阅读文章要设法找出文章的线索,就能沿着它弄清段落层次结构。
(2 )明确文章的顺序。
记叙的顺序,要求我们掌握顺叙、倒叙和插叙三种顺序方法。
顺叙,指记叙的时候按照事情发生、发展和结局的时间顺序来写。
如《皇帝的新装》。
倒叙,指记叙的时候把后发生的事情写在前面,把先发生的事情写在后面。
插叙:如《羚羊木雕》阅读时,注意倒叙、插叙的起止点,对找出记叙的线索,把握文章的结构将有所帮助。
( 3 )理清文章的层次。
理清文章的层次是弄清文章结构的重要一环。
( 4 )把握文章的详略。
文章在选择和使用材料时要有主有次,有详有略。
第二步,审清题意,回读原文。
在对文章有了整体把握后,我们再仔细阅读题干,找出每一题的出题点,回读原文,将题干和文章对应起来,那么回读原文的方法和步骤是什么呢?1、找准了原文中对应题目的相关区域。
看题目涉及到文中哪些段落或区域,和哪些语句有关。
2、联系上下文,抓住关键词句。
只要找准了原文中的相关区域,认真揣摩上下文意,就能准确抓住关键词句,大多数题目的答案是能够在原文中找到的。
3、分析综合,顺藤摘瓜。
结合试题(顺藤)找到相关的关键段、句,深入理解文章,分析综合,归纳出答案(摘瓜)。
第三步,理清要点,认真答题。
1、引用原文。
题目要求引用原文答题的,直接找出答案认真的写上。
2、抓住对应的关键词句。
没有明确要求引用原文答题的,不能机械地照抄原文的句子。
一般来说,答案中涉及到的一些关键词语、句子就在原文中,我们应抓住这些重要的词句,进行有效的提取、剪辑、概括、重组、归纳。
3、组织好语言作答。
先根据分值理清好答几个要点,再作答。
答题时要紧扣题意,尽量包含文中对应的关键词句,选用恰当的句式,选取适宜的角度作回答,即如何问就如何答,按照题干要求将文中的已知信息重新进行排列组合,使所答充分、到位、准确、有条理。
但还有一些题目无法用简单的重组文章语言的方法来回答,那就需要把自己的理解用自己的语言组织起来进行表述。
4、还有一些题目是以选择题形式出现,所以我们要了解这类题错误选项设置的规律(如断章取义、偷换概念、范围不清、无中生有、强加因果、偶然必然已然未然有意混淆),把选项和原文中的相关语句进行一对一的比较,做出准确的判断和选择即可。
现代文阅读题答题模式一、概括题:(一)、概括文章内容题:按叙述的基本要素(行为、经历)或小说情节或人物言行或作者的情感变化,筛选材料,组合回答。
示例:◆请以朱丹的言行为发展线索,概括叙述小说的主要情节。
(不超过80个字)(5分)◆请概括叙述“我的奇特经历”。
(不超过60个字) 概括的操作思路是:1、依据中心句进行概述总括。
一篇文章内容的具体化,通常表现为围绕某个中心展开叙述、议论或说明,因此,抓住了中心句,它就把握了具体的要旨。
2、通过提炼要点,关键词句进行概述总括。
有的文章中,很难找到提示具体内容要旨的中心句,那就需要把有关的要点提炼出来。
3、通过辨认相关性进行概述总括。
任何一篇文章的具体内容,都是由局部构成的一个整体,从局部之间的关系入手,即辨认语句之间或语段之间的相关性,是进行概述总括的重要途径。
例如朱自清的《春》,全文共有10个自然段,除了①②自然段为“盼春”,⑧⑨⑩自然段为“送春”,③至⑦自然段为“绘春”。
为什么说③至⑦自然段为“绘春”呢?③自然段写春草,④自然段写春花,⑤自然段写春风,⑥自然段写春雨,⑦自然段为写迎春。
将其统而摄之,我们不难发现作者从各个侧面描写着春天,所以我们可以将③至⑦自然段内容概括为“绘春”。
4、通过牵头接尾进行概述总括。
牵头,就是抓住具体内容的起始;接尾,就是连接具体内容的终结。
通过牵头接尾进行概述总括,其内容的要旨就浮出水面了。
请看魏巍《我的教师》第10段。
对这段文字的内容概述总括,我们可以把它的第一句话和最后一句话连接起来,其内容要旨就概括出来了。
它的内容要旨是:慈爱、伟大、公正的蔡老师在那时占据了“我”的心灵。
5若问某一文段大意:找中心句,注意段首句、段尾句。
(如无中心句)归纳段意:本段(概括或具体)写了“谁——干什么”。
(或“什么——怎么样”)(二)归纳中心意思题1、归纳中心意思的方法⑴抓题目。
题目是文章的“眼睛”,文章的题目总能或显或隐地传达出文章的主题。
《白杨礼赞》⑵抓住文中材料直接告诉读者中心意思的句子。
例如《一面》⑶抓住文章的开头、结尾段中的提示中心意思的点题句,关键句,一般都是抒情、议论句。
例如《谁是最可爱的人》、《驿路梨花》⑷通过结构分析归纳中心意思。
把文章的各部分的大意连贯起来,加以综合概括,然后指出作者借以表达的思想、感情、态度。
例如《荔枝蜜》⑸从时代背景入手,好的文章都有时代的烙印,分析作者的写作背景。
例如《风筝》2、概括记叙文的中心有一套常用的格式:本文记叙了(描写了)……的故事(事迹、经过、事件、景物),表现了(反映了、歌颂了、揭露了、批判了)……的思想(性格、精神、实质),抒发了作者的……的感情。
(三)问文章结构题1、问文章、段落的结构形式:注意总分式(A总分、B分总、C总分总);层进式;并列式;对比式。
2、问文章线索:注意那些在文中多次出现的字眼。
3、问文章的顺序。
(1)记叙的顺序,要求我们掌握顺叙、倒叙和插叙三种顺序方法。
顺叙,指记叙的时候按照事情发生、发展和结局的时间顺序来写。
如《皇帝的新装》。
倒叙,指记叙的时候把后发生的事情写在前面,把先发生的事情写在后面。
倒叙方法先把事情的结局说了出来,便吸引读者急于了解起因和过程,对照就比较显著,给人的印象也较深刻。
如朱德的(回忆我的母亲)一文,采用的是倒叙方法,先把结果写出,再弓!出对母亲的回忆,人题非常自然,而且吸引人。
倒叙方法,适用于那些动人的、有特点的结局,必须能够引起读者的兴趣,顺乎读和写的思路。
插叙:如《羚羊木雕》阅读时,注意倒叙、插叙的起止点,对找出记叙的线索,把握文章的结构将有所帮助。
(2)说明文顺序:时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序(现象——本质、原因——结果、整体——部分、概括——具体、特点——用途、主——次、总——分)4问文章的层次。
分析结构层次,一般有以下几种方法:以写事为主的文章:1.按事情发生发展的先后时间分析;2.按事情发生发展的地点转换分析;3.按事情发展的阶段分析。
以写人为主的文章:1.按人物成长的阶段分析;2.按人物所在的不同地点分析;3.按表现人物不同性格特征的不同条件分析;4.按人物感情的变化分析。
以写景状物为主的文章:1.按人物观察景物的观察点的变化,即空间变化分析;2.按不同时间的不同景致的变化,即时间变化分析。
5问文章的详略。
记叙文在选择和使用材料时要有主有次,有详有略。
详写略写是指文章材料的处理。
我们写文章,在题目确定之后,就要围绕题目确定的中心思想去选择作文材料,然后把这些材料进行详略处理,使之各得其所,各尽其材。
文章写得好不好,很大程度决定于材料处理安排得好不好。
材料处理得当,是指在结构上合理安排,分量上有重有轻,篇幅上有详有略。
详细写,充分运用的材料,必须与文章中心思想紧密关联,可以明确地、充分地突出中心思想,这些材料写得详尽、具体、生动,就能加深读者对文章的印象,并为之折服。
阅读记叙文必须弄清文章详写什么,略写什么,并从中体会作者的写作意图,把握文章的重点和中心。
二、理解、品味词句题1、注音、解释题:“积累运用”部分一般考查字词的注音、解释,成语和名言警句的背记运用,此类题目要求平时要多积累字词和点滴知识,对于确实未见过的陌生词语可结合语境(上下文)揣摩分析。
2、问指示代词“这、那”所指内容:多从代词前面文字中找答案。
3、问某词能否去掉,或者调换另一词题型解题模式:A、回答可以还是不可以;(一般情况不可以,特别是书上的原文时)。
B、解释词义,比较两个词含义上的差别,并结合句子分析为何要用该词(强调突出了或限制说明了或修饰限制了+句子具体表达效果,哪个表达效果更好,更能形象或恰如其分地表现某物某特点)C、不用或调换后,语境有何变化(不用,不能体现语言的准确、严密、生动、形象或与事实不符或太绝对,用了,体现语言的准确、生动、形象或严密。
)4、品味词语:A、分析用了什么修辞手法,如比喻、拟人等,若没有,则不写这一点。
B、表面意义(表面上的意思)和表达效果(生动形象地写出了。
特点)C、深层含义(联系上下文、主题、作者意图,蕴涵有什么道理、思想、感情等)肯定了/褒扬了/赞美了/歌颂了或批判了/讽刺了/否定了/反驳了,或者给了我们。
的印象、启示,道理等。