初二英语一般过去时

1.although引导的从句不能与but, however连用,但可与yet, still连用.不能说：Although he was old, but he worked hard. 应把but去掉.当然,保留but而去Although也可.

2.because 是连词，其后接句子；

because of 是复合介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词、what 从句等

3.hardly ever a.很少(几乎从不,难得) 是程度副词与seldom(很少)意思一样

4.through是介词，透过，通过:凭借（方法手段）的意思

表透过，通过时常与go, walk等动词连用，表示“穿越，横穿”等意思主要表示从物体内部穿过。如穿过森林、隧洞等。

across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。

across与go/walk等动词连用表示“穿过，越过，横穿”的意思。与cross 基本同义，也是表示从物体表面经过。

5.arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.

arrive in 到达+大地方（国家省市）

arrive at 到达+小地方（机场商店等)

get to 到达+地方

reach 到达+地方

6.decide to do sth 决定做某事

7.try to do sth.意为：尽自己最大的能力做某事

try doing sth意为：尝试做某事

8.feel like感觉像；想要

feel like＋v-ing 想做……

9.Too many 为太多，后接可数名词复数;

Too much不可数名词（money）;

Much too为太…后接形容词或副词（big）

10.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事

11.f orget doing sth.忘记做过某事

forget to do sth.忘记做某事

不定代词

不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。

由some, any, no, every和-body，-one，-thing构成的合成代词：somebody，anybody，everybody，nobody

someone，anyone，everyone，no one

something，anything，everything，nothing

1.一般用于肯定句中的不定代词some,someone,somebody,something 例如：They can speak some Japanese.

2.一般用于否定句、疑问句中的不定代词any, anyone, anybody, anything Is there anyone at home?

但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。

Could you give me something to eat?

3.一般用于句中表示否定意义的不定代词：no, no one, nobody, nothing 例如：I have no watch.

There is nothing wrong with the machine.

I can’t hear anything = I can hear nothing.

4.形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。There is something delicious on the table.

5.不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes reading.

13.一般过去时：

一、定义：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

二、构成：一般过去时态的构成有三种形式

1.主语+ was /were + 其他 He was here just now. 他刚才在这儿。

2.there was /were + 其他 There was an old picture on the wall last year. 去年墙上有一张旧画。

3.主语+ 动词的过去式+ 其他I did my homework yesterday. 昨天我做了家庭作业。

三、动词过去式的构成

1.规则变化

(1)一般的加-ed

如：clean ----cleaned help ----helped work ---worked

play---played wanted----wanted act----acted

(2)以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如：

live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped

(2)以辅音字母+y 结尾的词变y为i再加-ed 如：study-studied cry -cried copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried

(3)以元音字母+y 结尾的词直接加-ed 如：play -played enjoy -enjoyed

(4)以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed.(“重读闭音节”包括3个含义 1. 音节：看单词的音标，

有几个元音因素就有几个音节，双元音算一个音节 2. 重读：就是单词音标中的重度符号，比如说guitar这个单词，有两个音节[gi'tɑ:]，重度在第二个音节上 3. 闭音节：以一个或几个辅音字母（r 除外）结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节重读闭音节的例子：map， stop， begin， sit等)

如：stop -stopped drop -dropped prefer -preferred

2不规则变化

am,is-was are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said

give-gave get-got, go-went come-came have-had,

eat-ate take-took run-ran, sing-sang, put-put,

make-made read-read, write-wrote draw-drew drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke,