Vrivma英语六级仔细阅读理解逐句翻译

大学英语六级仔细阅读真题及答案大学英语六级仔细阅读真题及答案举一而反三，闻一而知十，及学者用功之深，穷理之熟，然后能融会贯通，以至于此。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的大学英语六级仔细阅读真题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多经常内容请及时关注我们店铺!Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years. Nearly a decade ago it was predicted that viewers of “Friends”, a popular situation comedy, would soon be able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston’s with a few taps on their remote control.“It’s been the year of interactive television advertisi ng for the last ten or twelve years,”says Colin Dixon of a digital-media consultancy.So the news that Cablevision, and American cable company, was rolling out interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen, prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue. Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early next year.Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet, which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through rates—especially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the launch of interactive advertising,“many of the dollars that went to the Internet will come back to the TV,”says David Kline of Cablevision. Or so the industry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second spots do not. Unilever recently ran an interactive campaign for its Axe deodorant(除臭剂)，which kept viewers engaged for more than three minutes on average.The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna, an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year. That falls far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV, Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, Which designs and sells interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this year. BSkyB, Britain’s biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million customers with interactive ads.Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a“lean back”medium, crave interaction. Click-through rates have been high so far(around 3-4%, compared with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive adsand viewers might not go well together.46.What does Colin Dixon mean by saying“It’s been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or twelve years”(Lines 4-5, Para.1)?A)Interactive television advertising will become popular in 10-12 years.B)Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or so.C)Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into situation comedies.D)Interactive television advertising has not achieved the anticipated results.47.What is the public’s response to Cablevision’s planned interactive TV advertising program?A)Pretty positive.B)Totally indifferent.C)Somewhat doubtful.D)Rather critical.48.What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV advertising?A)It has made TV advertising easily accessible to viewers.B)It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.C)It has placed TV advertising at a great disadvantage.D)It enables viewers to check the sales items with ease.49.What do we learn about Unilever’s interact ive campaign?A)It proves the advantage of TV advertising.B)It has done well in engaging the viewers.C)It helps attract investments in the company.D)it has boosted the TV advertising industry.50.How does the author view the hitherto high click-throughrates?A)They may be due to the novel way of advertising.B)They signify the popularity of interactive advertising.C)They point to the growing curiosity ofTV viewers.D)They indicate the future direction of media reform.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are“structural,”and will take many years to solve.But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states. With a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment—in part because experts andanalysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, becau se the workforce is“unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.”A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those“unadaptable and untrained”workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling out economy and our society.So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills, We’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse—a reason not to act o n America’s problems ata time when action is desperately needed.51.What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in America?A)Corporate mismanagement.B)Insufficient demand.C)Technological advances.D)Workers’ slow adaptation.52.Wh at does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?A)Self-evident.B)Thought-provoking.C)Irrational.D)Groundless.53.What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the Great Depression?A)The booming defense industry.B)The wise heads’ benefit package.C)Nationwide training of workers.D)Thorough restructuring of industries.54.What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?A)Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts.B)Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy.C)Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D)Economists’ failure to detect the problems in time.55.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A)To testify to the experts’ analysis of America’s probl ems.B)To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment.C)To show the urgent need for the government to take action.D)To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation.参考答案Passage one46. C interactive television is successful47. C somewhat doubtful48. C it has placed TV advertising49. B it has down well in engaging the viewer50. A they maybe due the novel way of advertisingPassage two51. B insufficient demand52. D groundless53. A the booming defense industry54. A powerful opposition to government55. C to show urgent need for the government to take actionPassage OneQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing countries are using raw sewage(下水道污水)to irrigate and fertilize nearly 49 million acres of cropland, according to a new report-and it may not be a bed thing.While the practice carries serious health risks for many, those dangers are outweighed by the social and economic gains for poor urban farmers and consumers who need affordable food."There is a large potential for wastewater agriculture to both help and hurt great numbers of urban consumers," said Liqa Raschid-Sally, who led the study.The report focused on poor urban areas, where farms in or near cities supply relatively inexpensive food. Most of these operations draw irrigation water from local rivers or lakes. Unlike developed cities, however, these areas lack advanced water-treatment facilities, and rivers effectively become sewers.(下水道) When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers risk absorbing disease-causing XX, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed. Nearly 2.2 million people die a year because of diarrhea-related(与腹泻相关的)diseases, according to WHO statistics. XXX than 80% of those cases can be attributed to contant with contaminated water and a lack of XXX anitation. But Pay Drechsel, an environmental scientist, argues that the socialand economic benefits of using untreated human waste to grow food outweigh the health risks.Those dangers can be addressed with farmer and consumer education, he said, while the free water and nutrients from human waste can help urban farmers in developing countries to escape poverty.Agriculture is a water-intensive business, accounting for nearly 70% of global fresh water consumption.In poor, dry regions, untreated wastewater is the only viable irrigation source to keep farmers in business. In some cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting waste to local rivers.Irrigation is the primary agricultural use of human waste in the developing world. But frequently untreated human waste is used on grain crops, which are eventually cooked, minimizing the risk of transmitting water-borne diseases. With fertilizer prices jumping nearly 50% per metric ton over the last year in some places, human waste is an attractive, and often necessary, alternative.In cases where sewage mud is used, expensive chemical fertilizer us can be avoided. The mud contains the same critical nutrients."Overly strict standards often fail," James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. "We need to accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be used in agriculture for good reason."46.What does the author say about the use of raw sewage for farming?A.Its risks cannot be overestimated.B.It should be forbidden altogether.C.Its benefits outweigh the hazards involved.D.It is polluting millions of acres of cropland.47.What is the main problem caused by the use of wastewater for irrigation?A.Rivers and lakes nearby will gradually become contaminated.B.It will drive producers of chemical fertilizers out of business.C.Farmers and consumers may be affected by harmful bacteria.D.It will make the farm produce less competitive on the market.48.What is environmental scientist Pay Drechsel's attitude towards the use of untreated human waste in agriculture?A.Favorable.B.Indifferent.C.Skeptical.D.Responsible.49.What does Pay Dreschsel think of the risks involved in using untreated human waste for farming?A.They have been somewhat exaggerated.B.They can be dealt with through education.C.They will be minimized with new technology.D.They can be addressed by improved sanitation.50.What do we learn about James Bartram's position on the use of human waste for farming?A.He echoes Pay Drechsel's opinion on the issue.B.He chaltenges Liqa Raschid-Sally's conclusionC.He thinks it the only way out of the current food erisis.D.He deems it indispensable for combating global poverty.Passage TwoThese days, nobody needs to cook. Families graze on high-cholesterol take-aways and microwaved ready-meals. Cooking is an occasional hobby and a vehicle for celebrity chefs. Which makes it odd that the kitchen has become the heart of the modern house, what the great hall was to the medieval castle, the kitchen is to the 21st-century home.The money spent on kitchens has risen with their status. In America the kitchen market is now worth $170 billion, five times the country's film industry. In the year to August 2007, IKEA, a Swedish furniture chain, sold over one million kitchens worldwide. The average budget for a "major" kitchen overhaul in 2006, calculates Remodeling magazing, was a staggering $54,000, even a "minor" improvement cost on average $18,000.Exclusivity, more familiar in the world of high fashion, has reached the kitchen: Robinson&Cornish, a British manufacturer of custom-made kitchens, offers a Georgian-style one which would cost £145,000-155,000—excluding building, plumbing and electrical work. Its big selling point is that nobody else will have it :"You won't see this kitchen anywhere else in the word."The elevation of the room that once belonged only to the servants for the modem family tells the story of a century of social change. Right into the early 20th century, kitchens were smoky, noisy places, generally located underground, or to the back of the house, as far from living space as possible. That was as it should be: kitchens were for servants, and the aspiring middle classes wanted nothing to do with them.But as the working classes prospered and the servant shortage set in, housekeeping became a natter of interest to the educated classes. One of the pioneers of a radical new way of thinking about the kitchen was Catharine Esther Beecher, sisterof Harriet Beecher Stowe. In American human's Home、published in 1869, the Beecher sisters recommended a scientific approach to use hold management, designed to enhance the efficiency of a woman's work and promote order. Many contemporary ideas about kitchen design can be traced back to another American, Chris Frederick, who set about enhancing the efficiency of the housewife. Her 1919 work, House-Engineering: Scientific Management in the Home, was based on detailed observation of a wife's daily routine. She borrowed the Principle of efficiency on the factory floor and applied mestic tasks on the kitchen floor.Frederick's central idea, that "stove,sink and kitchen table must be placed in such a relation that useless steps are avoided entirely". Inspired the first fully fitted kitchen, designed in the 1920s by Mangarete Schutter. Libotsky. It was a modernist triumph, and many elements remain central features of today's kitchen.51.What does the author say about the kitchen of today?A.It is where housewives display their cooking skills.B.It is where the family entertains important guests.C.It has become something odd in a modern house.D.It is regarded as the center of a modern home.52.Why does the Georgian-style kitchen sell at a very high price?A.It is believed to have tremendous artistic value.B.No duplicate is to be found in any other place.C.It is manufactured by a famous British company.D.No other manufacturer can produce anything like it.53.What does the change in the status of the kitchen reflect?A.Improved living conditions.B.Technological progress.C.Women's elevated status.D.Social change.54.What was the Beecher sisters' idea of a kichen?A.A place where women could work more efficiently.B.A place where high technology could be applied.C.A place of interest to the educated people.D.A place to experiment with new ideas.55.What do we learn about today's kitchen?A. It represents the rapid technological advance in people's daily life.B.Many of its central features are no different from those of the 1920s.C.It has been transformed beyond recognition.D.Many of its functions have changed greatly.参考答案46. 正确选项 C It benefitsoutweigh the hazards involved47. 正确选项C Farmers andconsumers may be affected by harmful bacteria.48. 正确选项 A Favorable49. 正确选项 B They can bedealt with through education.50. 正确选项A He echoes PayDrechsel’s opinion on the issue.51. 正确选项 D It is regardedas the center of modern home.52. 正确选项 B No duplicateis to be found in any other place.53. 正确选项 D social change54. 正确选项 A A place wherewomen could work more efficiently.55. 正确选项B Many of itscentral features are no different from those of the 1920s.。

【导语】2019年6⽉英语六级考试已结束，四六级频道在考后特别整理了2019年6⽉英语六级阅读真题及答案：仔细阅读，仅供⼤家参考，祝⼤家顺利通过六级考试！ Passage One Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificial intelligence (AI)will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity ”,and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to researching the future of intelligence as “crucial to the future of our civilization and our species”. Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Center for the Future of Intelligence(LCFI)at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace of development in AI research. “We spend a great deal of time studying history,” Hawking said, “which, let’s face it ,is mostly the history of stupidity. So it’s a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence.” While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, raising concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the positives that AI research can bring “The potential benefits of creating intelligence are huge”, he said, “We cannot predict what we might achieve when our own minds are amplified by AL. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological revolution, we be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world by the last one— Industrialization. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate disease and poverty. And every aspect of our civilisation.” Huw Price, the centre’s academic director and the Bertrand Russell professor of philosophy at Cambridge University , where Hawking is also an academic ,said that the centre came about partially as a result if the university’s Center for Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential problems for humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus. AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive at the University of Sussex, praised the progress of such discussions .As recently as 2009, she said, the topic wasn’t taken seriously, even among AI researchers. “AI is hugely exciting.” She said,“but it has limitations, which present grave dangers given uncritical use.” The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry, most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity. 46. What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence? A) It would be vital to the progress of human civilization. B) It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making. C) It might present challenges as well as opportunities. D) It would be a significant expansion of human intelligence. 47. What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI? A) It would accelerate the progress of AI research. B) It would mark a step forward in the AI industry. C) It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind. D) It was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration. 48. What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research? A) The shift of research focus from the past to the future. B) The shift of research from theory to implementation. C) The greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI. D) The increasing awareness of mankind’s past stupidity. 49. What concerns did Hawking raise about AI? A) It may exceed human intelligence sooner or later. B) It may ultimately over-amplify the human mind. C) Super-intelligence may cause its own destruction. D) Super-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind. 50. What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry? A) They are much influenced by the academic community. B) They are most likely to benefit from AI development. C) They share the same concerns about AI as academics. D) They believe they can keep AI under human control. 【参考答案】BCADC 46. B) It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making. 47. C) It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind. 48. A) The shift of research focus from the past to the future. 49. D) Super-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind. 50. C) They share the same concerns about AI as academics.温馨提⽰：考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统⼀，请依据试题进⾏核对。

2019年6月大学英语六级考试仔细阅读真题解析（卷二）SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbys omequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesma rkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondi ngletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Economicallyspeaking,arewebetteroffthanweweretenyearsago?Twentyyea rsago?Intheirthirstforevidenceonthisissue,commentatorsseizedontherecentr eportbytheCensusBureau,whichfoundthataveragehouseholdincomeroseby5.2% in2019.Unfortunately,thatconclusionputstoomuchweightonauseful,butflaw edandincomplete,statistic.AmongthemoresignificantproblemswiththeCensu s’smeasurearethat:1)itexcludestaxes,transfers,andcompensationlikeempl oyer-providedhealthinsurance;and2)itisbasedonsurveysratherthandata.Ev enifpreciselymeasured,incomedataexcludeimportantdeterminantsofeconomi cwell-being,suchasthehoursofworkneededtoearnthatincome.Whilethinkingaboutthequestion,wecameacrossarecentlypublishedarticl ebyCharlesJonesandPeterKlenow,whichproposesaninterestingnewmeasureofe conomicwelfare.Whilebynomeansperfect,itisconsiderablymorecomprehensiv ethanaverageincome,takingintoaccountnotonlygrowthinconsumptionperpers onbutalsochangesinworkingtime,lifeexpectancy,andinequality.Moreover,i tcanbeusedtoassesseconomicperformancebothacrosscountriesandovertime.TheJones-Klenowmethodcanbeillustratedbyacross-countryexample.Suppo sewewanttocomparetheeconomicwelfareofcitizensoftheU.S.andFrancein2019 .In2019,astheauthorsobserve,realconsumptionperpersoninFrancewasonly 60%ashighastheU.S.,makingitappearthatAmericanswereeconomicallymuchbet teroffthantheFrenchonaverage.However,thatcomparisonomitsotherrelevant factors:leisuretime,lifeexpectancy,andeconomicinequality.TheFrenchtak elongervacationsandretireearlier,sotypicallyworkfewerhours;theyenjoya higherlifeexpectancy,presumablyreflectingadvantageswithrespecttohealt hcare,diet,lifestyle,andthelike;andincomeandconsumptionaresomewhatmor eequallydistributedtherethanintheU.S.Becauseofthesedifferences,compar ingFrance’sconsumptionwiththeU.S.’soverstatesthegapineconomicwelfare.SimilarcalculationscanbeusedtocomparetheU.S.andothercountries.Fore xample,thiscalculationputseconomicwelfareintheUnitedKingdomat97%ofU.S .levels,butestimatesMexicanwell-beingat22%.TheJones-Klenowmeasurecanalsoassessaneconomy’sperformanceovertime. Accordingtothismeasure,asoftheearly-to-mid-2019s,theU.S.hadthehighest economicwelfareofanylargecountry.Since2019,economicwelfareintheU.S.ha scontinuedtoimprove.However,thepaceofimprovementhasslowedmarkedly.Methodologically,thelessonfromtheJones-Klenowresearchisthateconomicwelfareismulti-dimensional.Theirapproachisflexibleenoughthatinprinci pleotherimportantquality-oflifechangescouldbeincorporated—forexample ,decreasesintotalemissionsofpollutantsanddeclinesincrimerates.全文翻译及命题分析从经济上讲，我们的生活比十年前或二十年前更好吗？评论员从美国人口普查局最新的一份报告着手，渴望在这个问题上找到证据。

1Page 1 of 58Feom:/view/0add83878762caaedd33d453.html大学英语第六册Unit 1Section A The Pursuit of HappinessThe right to pursue happiness is promised to Americans by the US Constitution, but no one seems quite sure which way happiness runs. It may be we are issued a hunting license but offered no game. Jonathan Swift conceived of happiness as "the state of being well-deceived", or of being "a fool among idiots ", for Swift saw society as a land of false goals.It is, of course, un-American to think in terms of false goals. We do, however, seem to be dedicated to the idea of buying our way to happiness. We shall all have made it to Heaven when we possess enough.And at the same time the forces of American business are hugely dedicated to making us deliberately unhappy. Advertising is one of our major industries, and advertising exists not to satisfy desires but to create them — and to create them faster than anyone's budget can satisfy them. For that matter, our whole economy is based on addicting us to greed. We are even told it is our patriotic duty to support the national economy by buying things.Look at any of the magazines that cater to women. There advertising begins as art and slogans in the front pages and ends as pills and therapy in the back pages. The art at the front illustrates the dream of perfect beauty. This is the baby skin that must be hers. This, the perfumed breath she must breathe out. This, the sixteen-year-old figure she must display at forty, at fifty, at sixty, and forever. This is the harness into which Mother must strap herself in order to display that perfect figure. This is the cream that restores skin, these are the tablets that melt away fat around the thighs, and these are the pills of perpetual youth.Obviously no reasonable person can be completely persuaded either by such art or by such pills and devices. Y et someone is obviously trying to buy this dream and spending billions every year in the attempt. Clearly the happiness-market is not running out of customers, but what is it they are trying to buy?Defining the meaning of "happiness" is a perplexing proposition: the best one can do is to try to set some extremes to the idea and then work towards the middle. To think of happiness as achieving superiority over others, living in a mansion made of marble, having a wardrobe with hundreds of outfits, will do to set the greedy extreme. To think of happiness as the joy of a holy man of India will do to set the spiritual extreme. He sits completely still, contemplating the nature of reality, free even of his own body. If admirers bring him food, he eats it; if not, he starves. Why be concerned? What is physical is trivial to him. To contemplate is his joy and he achieves complete mental focus through an incredibly demanding discipline, the accomplishment of which is itself a joy to him.Is he a happy man? Perhaps his happiness is only another sort of illusion. But who can take it from him? And who will dare say it is more false than happiness paid for through an installment plan?Although the holy man's concept of happiness may enjoy considerable prestige in the Orient, I doubt the existence of such motionless happiness. What is certain is that his way of happiness would be torture to almost anyone of Western temperament. Y et these extremes will still serve to define the area within which all of us must find some sort of balance. Thoreau had his own firm sense of that balance: save on the petty in order to spend on the essential.Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau's idea of the petty. The active discipline of raising one's perception of what is eternal in nature would have been his idea of the essential. Time saved on the petty could be spent on the essential. Thoreau certainly didn't intend to starve, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.Effort is the essence of it: there is no happiness except as we take on challenges. Short of the impossible, the satisfactions we get from a lifetime depend on how high we place our difficulties. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it claims to be effortless.We demand difficulty even in our diversions. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game; a game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary addition of difficulty. It is easier to win at chess if you are free to change the rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. If we could mint our own money, even building a fortune would become boring. No difficulty, no fun.Those in advertising seem too often to have lost their sense of the pleasure of difficulty. And the Indian holy man seems dull to us, I suppose, because he seems to be refusing to play anything at all. The Western weakness may be in the illusion that happiness can be bought. Perhaps the oriental weakness is in the idea that there is such a thing as perfect happiness.Happiness is never more than partial. Whatever else happiness may be, it is neither in having nor in being, but in becoming. What the writers of the Constitution declared for us as an inherent right was not happiness but the pursuit of happiness. What the early patriots might have underlined, could they have foreseen the happiness-market, is the cardinal fact that happiness is in the pursuit itself, in the pursuit of what is engaging and life-changing, which is to say, in the idea of becoming.A nation is not measured by what it possesses or wants to possess, but by what it wants to become.(Words: 1,005)追求幸福美国宪法赋予美国人民追求幸福的权利，但是似乎谁也说不清幸福跑到哪里去了。

历年六级阅读理解逐句翻译一、There is nothing like the suggestion of a cancer risk to scare a parent, especially one of the over-educated, eco-conscious type.没有什么事情比有得癌症的迹象更让父母感到害怕的了，尤其对于受到过度教育、对生态环境敏感的那种人来说。

So you can imagine the reaction when a recent USA Today investigation of air quality around the nation’s schools singled out those in the smugly（自鸣得意的）green village of Berkeley, Calif., as being among the worst in the country.所以当《今日美国》在近期公布的一份全国范围内的学校周边空气质量调查中，把加州伯克利的绿色环保小镇列为全国最差时，你可以想象到那些自鸣得意的人的反应。

The city’s public high school, as well as a number of daycare centers, preschools, elementary and middle schools, fell in the lowest 10%. Industrial pollution in our town had supposedly turned students into living science experi ments breathing in a laboratory’s worth of heavy metals like manganese, chromium and nickel each day.该市的公立高中以及为数众多的日间看护中心、学前教育机构、小学和中学都在最差的10%之列。

六级英语考试仔细阅读练习题及答案精品文档六级英语考试仔细阅读练习题及答案仔细阅读在英语六级考试中占有很大的分值，需要考生重视英语阅读能力的提升。

下面学习啦小编带来六级英语考试仔细阅读练习题，供考生阅读练习。

六级英语考试仔细阅读练习题(一) University ofYork biologist Peter Mayhew recently found that global warming might actually increase the number of species on the planet，contrary to a previous report that higher temperatures meant fewer life forms—a report mat washis own.In Mayhew’s initial00study，low biodiversity amongmarine invertebrates(无脊椎动物)appeared to coincidewith warmer temperatures on Earth over the last20 million years. But Mayhew and his colleagues decided to reexamine their hypothesis，this time using data thatwere“a fairer sample of the history of life.”砌thisnew collection of found a complete reversal of the relationship between species richness and temperature from what their previous paper argued:the number ofdifferent groups present in the fossil record was higher，rather than lower，durin9“greenhouse phases.”Their previous findings rested on an assumption1 / 16精品文档that fossil records can be taken to represent biodiversity changes throughout ’t necessarily thethere are certain periods with fossil some that are much more difficult to sample of this ’s team useddata that standardized the number of fossils examined throughout history and accounted for other variables like sea level changes that might influence biodiversity in their new study to see if their old results would hold up.Two years later，the results did then why doesn't life increasingly emerge on Earth as our temperatures get warmer?While the switch may prompt some to assert that climate change is not hazardous to living creatures，Mayhew explained that the timescales in his team’sstudy are huge--over00million years--and therefore inappropriate for the shorter periods that we might look at as humans concerned about global global warming concerns are focused on the next said——and the lifetime of a species is typically one to 10 million years.“I do worry that these findings vill be used by2 / 16精品文档the climat e skeptic community to say‘ warming is fine。

1. Virtue is indeed must be self-centered.正确的行动是，确实也是以自我为中心的By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.2.... (Poverty) was a product of their excessive fecundity... 贫困是他们过度生育的结果。

The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3. ...the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration. 富人不应该为产生贫穷和解决贫穷而承担责任。

The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake t he task of solving the problem.4. It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God.这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用。

It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature of to human society.5. It declined in popularity, and references to its acquired a condemnatory tone.遭到了普遍的质疑，人们提及它都带有谴责的口吻。

People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose tre asured values of sympathy, love and friendship. Therefore, when it was mentioned, it was usually t he target of criticism.6. ...the search for a way of getting the poor off our conscience was not at an end; it was only suspended.寻求不为穷人的存在而内疚的办法，这种尝试并没有结束，而只是曾经中断过一段时间。

2021英语六级仔细阅读真题及答案（卷一）2021年6月的英语六级考试已经结束，仔细阅读作为六级考试中的重要题型，对于考生的六级成果影响很大。

下面学习啦我为大家带来2021英语六级仔细阅读真题及答案〔卷一〕，欢迎大家参考阅读!2021英语六级仔细阅读真题：Passage TwoWhat can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree:therere no quick or any answers. Theres work to be done, but workers arent ready to do it-theyre in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problem are structural, and will take many years to solve.But dont bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view. There isnt any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. Saying that therere no easy answers sounds wise, but its actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursuing real solutions.The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states, with a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that were mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemploymentin part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.Ive been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer. A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economys needs-and suddenly industry was eager to employ those unadaptable and untrained workers.But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling our economy and our society.So what you need to know is that theres no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We arent suffering from a shortage of needed skills; were suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isnt real problem, its an excusea reason not to act on Americas problems at a time when action is desperately needed.52.【题干】What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemploymentin America?【选项】A.Corporate mismanagement.B.Insufficient demand.C.Technological advances.D.Workers slow adaptation.【答案】B【解析】第二段all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand.53.【题干】What does the author think of the experts claim concerning unemployment?【选项】A.Self-evident.不言而喻的B.Thought-provoking.发人深省的C.Irrational 不合理的D.Groundless.无理由的【答案】D【解析】in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.54.【题干】What does the author say helped bring unemployment during the Great Depression?【选项】A.The booming defense industry.B.The wise heads benefit package.C.Nationwide training of workers.D.Thorough restructuring of industries.【答案】A【解析】倒数第三段A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economys needs-and suddenly industry was eager to employ those unadaptable and untrained workers.55.【题干】What has caused claims of huge structural problems to multiply?【选项】A.Powerful opposition to governments stimulus efforts.B.Very Serious Peoples attempt to cripple the economy.C.Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries.D.Economists failure to detect the problem in time.【答案】A【解析】倒数第二段，但如今，和当时一样，强大的力量在意识形态上反对通过足够的政府行动的整体思路来启动经济。

2019年6月大学英语六级仔细阅读真题及详细解析（卷二）Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Effective Friday, Screen Actors Guild-American Federation of Television and Radio Artists (SAG-AFTRA) has declared a strike against 11 video game publishers over games that went into production after Feb. 17, 2015. The companies include some of the heavyweights of the industry, like Electronic Arts Productions, Insomniac Games, Activision and Disney.The strike comes in light of an unsuccessful 19 months of negotiations after the existing labor contract known as the Interactive Media Agreement expired in late 2014. Overall, the strike is an effort to provide more secondary compensation along with other concerns, such as transparency upon hiring talent and on-set (制作中） safety precautions.The video gaming industry has ballooned in recent years. The Los Angeles Times reports that the industry is in the midst of an intense increase in cash flow. In 2015, gaming produced $ billion in domestic revenue.But SAG-AFTRA s ays voice actors don’t receive residuals（追加酬金）for their gaming work. Instead, they receive a fixed rate, which is typically about $825 for a standard four-hour vocal session. So the voice actors are pushing for the idea of secondary compensation —a performance bonus every time a game sells 2 million copies or downloads, or reaches 2 million subscribers, with a cap at 8 million.“It’s a very small number of games that would trigger this secondary compensation issue,” said voice actor Crispin Freeman，who’s a member of the union’s negotiating committee. “This is an important aspect of what it means to be a (从事自由职业的）performer, who isn’t regularly employed every single day working on projects.”Another major complaint from the actors is the secrecy of the industry. “I can’t imagine if there’s any other acting job in the world where you don’t know what show you’re in, when you’re hired，’’ says voice actor Keythe Farley, who chairs the SAG-AFTRA negotiating committee.“And yet that happens every day in the video game world,” Farley told reporters during a press conference Friday. “I was a main character in Fallout 4, a character by the name of Kellogg, and I never knew that I was doing vocal recording for that game throughout the year and a half.”Scott Witlin, the lawyer representing the video game companies, says voice actors “represent less than one tenth of 1 percent of the work that goes into making a video game.” So “even though they’re the top craftsmen in their field,” Witlin says, “if we pay them under a vastlydifferent system than the people who do the percent of the work, that’s going to create far more problems for the video game companies.”全文翻译及命题分析美国电视和广播艺术家联合会(saga-aftra)周五宣布，就2015年2月17日之后投产的游戏将对11家电子游戏发行公司举行罢工。

2018年12月大学英语六级真题解析（仔细阅读卷二）2018年12月份大学英语六级仔细阅读译文及详细解析（卷二）Section CPassage One全文翻译及命题分析也许是时候让农场主们歇歇脚了，因为机器人正被用来监测庄稼生长、拔除杂草，甚至放牧。

商业种植面积及其广袤，需要数千工时来耕作。

澳大利亚最偏远的苏坡杰克·唐斯（Suplejack Downs）牛场就是一个典型的例子。

它位于北部地区，绵延4000平方公里，距离最近的主要城市艾丽丝泉（Alice Springs）逾13个小时车程。

这些大规模农场极度偏远，往往无人照料，每年只能监测一两次，这意味着如果牲畜生病或需要援助，农场主可能需要很长时间才能发现。

然而，机器人正前来救援。

机器人目前正在威尔士进行为期两年的试验，该试验将训练“农场机器人”放牧，监测牲畜的健康，并确保有足够的牧场供它们放牧。

这些机器人配备了许多传感器来识别环境、牛群以及食物的状况，使用热传感器和视觉传感器来探测体温的变化。

悉尼大学的萨拉·苏卡黎(Salah Sukarieh)将在新南威尔士州中部的几个农场进行试验，他说：“你还可以用颜色、质地和形状传感器检测地面上的牧草质量。

”在试验期间，将对机器人的算法和技术性细节进行微调，使其更适合生病的牲畜，并确保它能够安全地绕过树木、淤泥、沼泽和丘陵等潜在障碍区。

苏卡黎说:“我们希望改善牲畜的健康品质，并让农场主更容易维护牲畜在广阔的草场上信步由缰的壮观景象。

”机器人并不局限于放牧和监控牲畜，他们还被用来统计单果数量，检查农作物，甚至拔除杂草。

许多机器人配备有高科技传感器和复杂的学习算法，以避免它们在与人类并肩工作时伤害人类。

机器人还知晓最高效、最安全的通行方式，使工程师和农场主能够分析和更好地优化机器人的属性和任务，并提供现场直播，实时反馈农场上正在发生的事情。

当然，农业工人担心其岗位被取代。

然而，由于劳动力空缺的不断加剧，大规模生产难以维持，正是农场主们在力推技术进步。

What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers.应该如何应对大规模失业问题呢? 所有聪明的人都认为：没有快捷或简单的答案。

There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it—they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills, Our problems are “structural,” and will take many years to solve.工作是有的，但是劳动者没有做好准备—他们要么跑错了地方，要么技能不对口。

我们的问题是结构性的，需要很多年才能解决。

But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view.但是，别费心为这种悲观的论调寻求佐证了。

There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. Saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise. But it’s actually foolish:根本就没有证据。

恰恰相反，所有的事实都表明美国的高失业率是需求不足的后果。

说没有简单的答案，这听上去很明智，实际上很愚蠢：our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursing real solutions.如果我们有清醒的理智和政治意志来采取行动，我们的失业危机就可以很快都到解决。

大学英语六级真题译文及详细解析仔细阅读卷二6月大学英语六级考试仔细阅读真题解析（卷二）Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in . Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in .In , as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid- s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since , economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.全文翻译及命题分析从经济上讲，我们的生活比十年前或二十年前更好吗？评论员从美国人口普查局最新的一份报告着手，渴望在这个问题上找到证据。

英语六级考试真题仔细阅读和翻译英语六级考试真题仔细阅读和翻译想要考试取得好成绩，平时就需要按照"循序渐进、阶段侧重、精讲精练"的.原则进行练习。

下面是店铺为大家整理的英语六级考试真题仔细阅读和翻译，欢迎参考！英语六级考试真题仔细阅读和翻译篇1Section C仔细阅读Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. , B. , C. and D.. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Manufacturers of products that claim to be environmentally friendly will face tighter rules on how they are advertised to consumers under changes proposed by the Federal Trade Commission.The commission's revised "Green Guides" warn marketers against using labels that make broad claims, like "eco-friendly". Marketers must qualify their claims on the product packaging and limit them to a specific benefit, such as how much of the product is recycled."This is really about trying to cut through the confusion that consumers have when they are buying a product and that businesses have when they are selling a product," said Jon Leibowitz,chairman of the commission.The revisions come at a time when green marketing is on the rise. According to a new study,the number of advertisements withgreen messages in mainstream magazines has risen since1987, and peaked in 2008 at 10.4%. In 2009, the number dropped to 9%.But while the number of advertisements may have dipped, there has been a rapid spread of ecolabeling. There are both good and bad players in the eco-labeling game.In the last five years or so, there has been an explosion of green claims and environmental claims. It is clear that consumers don't always know what they are getting.A handful of lawsuits have been filed in recent years against companies accused of using misleading environmental labels. In 2008 and 2009, class-action lawsuits (集体诉讼) were filed against SC Johnson for using "Green list" labels on its cleaning products. The lawsuits said that the label was misleading because it gave the impression that the products had been certified by a third party when the certification was the company's own."We are very proud of our accomplishments under the Green list system and we believe that we will prevail in these cases," Christopher Beard, director of public affairs for SC Johnson, said,while acknowledging that "this has been an area that is difficult to navigate."Companies have also taken it upon themselves to contest each other's green claims.David Mallen, associate director of the Council of Better Business Bureau, said in the last two years the organization had seen an increase in the number of claims companies were bringing against each other for false or misleading environmental product claims."About once a week, I have a client that will bring up a new certification I've never even heard of and I'm in this industry, saidKevin Wilhelm, chief executive officer of Sustainable Business Consulting. "It's kind of a Wild West, anybody can claim themselves to be green." Mr. Wilhelm said the excess of labels made it difficult for businesses and consumers to know which labels they should pay attention to.46. What do the revised "Green Guides" require businesses to do?A) Manufacture as many green products as possible.B) Indicate whether their products are recyclable.C) Specify in what way their products are green.D) Attach green labels to all of their products.47. What does the author say about consumers facing an explosion of green claims?A) They can easily see through the businesses' tricks.B) They have to spend lots of time choosing products.C) They have doubt about current green certification.D) They are not clear which products are truly green.48. What was SC Johnson accused of in the class-action lawsuits?A) It gave consumers the impression that all its products were truly green.B) It gave a third party the authority to label its products as environmentally friendly.C) It misled consumers to believe that its products had been certified by a third party.D) It sold cleaning products that were not included in the official "Green list".49. How did Christopher Beard defend his company's labeling practice?A) There were no clear guidelines concerning green labeling.B) His company's products had been well received by the public.C) It was in conformity to the prevailing practice in the market.D) No law required the involvement of a third party in certification.50. What does Kevin Wilhelm imply by saying "It's kind of a Wild West" (Line 3，Para. 11)?A) Businesses compete to produce green products.B) Each business acts its own way in green labeling.C) Consumers grow wild with products labeled green.D) Anything produced in the West can be labeled green.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.America's education system has become less a ladder of opportunity than a structure to transmit inequality from one generation to the next.That's why school reform is so critical. This is an issue of equality, opportunity and national conscience. It's not just about education, but about poverty and justice.It's true that the main reason inner-city schools do poorly isn't teachers' unions, but poverty.Southern states without strong teachers' ，unions have schools at least as awful as those in union states. Some Chicago teachers seem to think that they shouldn't be held accountable until poverty is solved. There're steps we can take that would make some difference, and Mayor Rahm Emanuel is trying some of them—yet the union is resisting.I'd be sympathetic if the union focused solely on higher compensation. Teachers need to be much better paid to attract the best college graduates to the nation's worst schools.But,instead, the Chicago union seems to be using its political capital primarily to protect weak performers.There's solid evidence that there are huge differences in the effectiveness of teachers. The gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars found that even in high-poverty schools, teachers consistently had a huge positive or negative impact.Get a bottom 1% teacher, and the effect is the same as if a child misses 40% of the school year. Get a teacher from the top 20%, and it's as if a child has gone to school for an extra month or two.The study found that strong teachers in the fourth through eighth grades raised the skills of their students in ways that would last for decades. Just having a strong teacher for one elementary year left pupils a bit less likely to become mothers as teenagers, a bit more likely to go to college and earning more money at age 28.How does one figure out who is a weak teacher? Yes, that's a challenge. But researchers are improving systems to measure a teacher's performance throughout the year, and, with three years of data, ifs usually possible to tell which teachers are failing.Unfortunately, the union in Chicago is insisting that teachers who are laid off—often for being ineffective—should get priority in new hiring. That's an insult to students.Teaching is so important that it should be like other professions, with high pay and good working conditions but few job protections for bottom performers.This isn't a battle between garment workers and greedy bosses. The central figures in the Chicago schools strike are neither strikers nor managers but 350,000 children. Protectingthe union demand sacrifices those students, in effect turning a blind eye to the injustice in the education system.51. What do we learn about America's education system?A) It provides a ladder of opportunity for the wealthy.B) It contributes little to the elimination of inequality.C) It has remained basically unchanged for generations.D) It has brought up generations of responsible citizens.52. What is chiefly responsible for the undesirable performance of inner-city schools?A) Unqualified teachers. C) Unfavorable learning environment.B) Lack of financial resources. D) Subconscious racial discrimination.53. What does the author think the union should do to win popular support?A) Assist the city government in reforming schools. C) Demand higher pay for teachers.B) Give constructive advice to inner-city schools. D) Help teachers improve teaching.54. What is the finding of the gold standard study by Harvard and Columbia University scholars?A) Many inner-city school teachers are not equal to their jobs.B) A large proportion of inner-city children often miss classes.C) Many students are dissatisfied with their teachers.D) Student performance has a lot to do with teachers.55. Why does the author say the Chicago unions demand is an insult to students?A) It protects incompetent teachers at the expense of students.B) It underestimates students, ability to tell good teachersfrom poor ones.C) It makes students feel that they are discriminated against in many ways.D) It totally ignores students，initiative in the learning process.翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.旗袍(qipao)是一种雅致的中国服装，源于中国的满族(Manchu Nationality)。

2021年6月英语六级阅读真题及答案第1套仔细阅读2篇Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Open data sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science, most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online.Some communities have agreed to share online—geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository (库) , and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects—but these remain the exception, not the rule. Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.But the barriers are disappearing, in part because journalsand funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to "shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as a private preserve". Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them. Although calls to share data often concentrate on the moral advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely altruistic (利他的). Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved visibility and increased citations. The most successful sharers—those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often---get noticed, and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been downloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresterslooking for information on different grades of timber. "I'd much prefer to have my data used by the maximum number of people to ask their own questions," she says. "It's important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be reproducible."Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding confusion later on.46. What do many researchers generally accept?A. It is imperative to protect scientists' patents.B. Repositories are essential to scientific research.C. Open data sharing is most important to medical science.D. Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement.47. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public?A. Opposed.B. Ambiguous.C. Liberal.D. Neutral.48. According to the passage, what might hinder open datasharing?A. The fear of massive copying.B. The lack of a research culture.C. The belief that research data is private intellectual property.D. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it.49. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing?A. The ever-growing demand for big data.B. The advancement of digital technology.C. The changing attitude of journals and funders.D. The trend of social and economic development.50. Dryad serves as an example to show how open data sharing ________.A. is becoming increasingly popularB. benefits sharers and users alikeC. makes researchers successfulD. saves both money and laborPassage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Macy's reported its sales plunged 5.2% in November andDecember at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wide-ranging challenges. Its flagship stores in major U.S. cities depend heavily on international tourist spending, which shrank at many retailers due to a strong dollar. Meanwhile, Macy's has simply struggled to lure consumers who are more interested in spending on travel or dining out than on new clothes or accessories.The company blamed much of the poor performance in November and December on unseasonably warm weather. "About 80% of our company's year-over-year declines in comparable sales can be attributed to shortfalls (短缺) in cold-weather goods," said chief executive Teny Lundgren in a press release. This prompted the company to cut its forecasts for the full fourth quarter.However, it's clear that Macy's believes its troubles run deeper than a temporary aberration (偏离) off the thermometer. The retail giant said the poor financial performance this year has pushed it to begin implementing $400 million in cost-cutting measures. The company pledged to cut 600 back-office positions, though some 150 workers in those roles would be reassigned to other jobs. It also plans to offer "voluntary separation" packages to 165 senior executives. Itwill slash staffing at its fleet of 770 stores, a move affecting some 3,000 employees.The retailer also announced the locations of 36 stores it will close in early 2021. The company had previously announced the planned closures, but had not said which locations would be affected. None of the chain's stores in the Washington metropolitan area are to be closed.Macy's has been moving aggressively to try to remake itself for a new era of shopping. It has plans to open more locations of Macy's Backstage, a newly-developed off-price concept which might help it better compete with ambitious T. J. Maxx. It's also pushing ahead in 2021 with an expansion of Bluemercury, the beauty chain it bought last year. At a time when young beauty shoppers are often turning to Sephora or Ulta instead of department store beauty counters, Macy's hopes Bluemercury will help strengthen its position in the category.One relative bright spot for Macy's during the holiday season was the online channel, where it rang up "double-digit" increases in sales and a 25% increase in the number of orders it filled. That relative strength would be consistent with what was seen in the wilder retail industry during the early part of the holiday season. While Thanksgiving, Black Friday andCyber Monday all saw record spending online, in-store sales plunged over the holiday weekend.51. What does the author say about the shrinking spending of international tourists in the U.S.?A. It is attributable to the rising value of the U.S. dollar.B. It is a direct result of the global economic recession.C. It reflects a shift of their interest in consumer goods.D. It poses a potential threat to the retail business in the U.S.52. What does Macy's believe about its problems?A. They can be solved with better management.B. They cannot be attributed to weather only.C. They are not as serious in its online stores.D. They call for increased investments.53. In order to cut costs, Macy's decided to ________.A. cut the salary of senior executivesB. relocate some of its chain storesC. adjust its promotion strategiesD. reduce the size of its staff54. Why does Macy's plan to expand Bluemercury in 2021?A. To experiment on its new business concept.B. To focus more on beauty products than clothing.C. To promote sales of its products by lowering prices.D. To be more competitive in sales of beauty products.55. What can we learn about Macy's during the holiday season?A. Sales dropped sharply in its physical stores.B. Its retail sales exceeded those of T. J. Maxx.C. It helped Bluemercury establish its position worldwide.D. It filled its stores with abundant supply of merchandise.Passage one46.D47.A48.C49.C50.BPassage two51.A52.B53.D54.D55.A。

英语六级仔细阅读练习题附答案及解析Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.3D glasses help doctors perform invasive surgery when their hands are obscured from view.Moviegoers arent the only ones wearing 3D glasses nowadays—doctors could benefit fromthem, too, a new study suggests.In the past, doctors have been skeptical of using 3D technology in their work, preferring to relyon their own experience. But that may change, thanks to improved 3D glasses and even glasses-free systems .Funded by industry sponsors, the study of 50 surgeons using the new technologyshowed improvements in surgical precision and speed."While the technology still requires some free-tuning, technology without the need to wearspecial glasses will increase the popularity of 3D systems in operating rooms," study leader UlrichLeiner of the Fratmhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute (HHI) in Berlin said in a statement.Improvements to screens are driving developments in 3D technology. High-definition screensare already available. The next step is ultra-high definition, with a sixteen fold improvement inresolution, according to study co-author Michael Witte of HHI.To evaluate whether new 3D technology was ready for hospital applications, researchersinvited surgeons from the Klinikum rechts der Isars surgical hospital to test it out. A leadingendoscope manufacturer and an international display company funded the study.The surgeons tested four different systems: 2D, 3D with glasses, 3D without glasses and amirror-based 3D system. The glasses-free model relied on an eye-tracking camera system thatdelivered separate images to each eye, creating a 3D effect in the brain.The images came from endoscopic cameras used in surgery. The doctors practiced asimulated, routine surgical procedure in which they sewed up a wound in a model patientsstomach using a needle and thread. Just as in a minimally invasive surgery, their hands wereobscured from view and they reliedon the screen to see what they were doing."The results were astonishing," Hubertus Feuner, of the Klinikum rechts der Isar universityhospital in Munich, said in a statement. The winning surgeon performed the procedure in 15percent less time and with considerably increased precision, Feuner said.The most surprising thing was that not only young surgeons benefited, but experiencedsurgeons also, according to the researchers. The winning doctor has worked at the hospital formore than 30 years and has conducted thousands of operations.The surgeons in the study rated the 3D glasses system the highest, and the glasses-free systemas comparable to the 2D one.Once the technology is widely available, will doctors begin using it. "Theres no doubt that 3Dwill be a commodity in the future." Witte said.The studys findings will be presented at a congress of the Association of German. Surgeons inBerlin in April. The findings have not been published in a scientific peer-reviewed journal.56. What can be inferred about 3D glasses from the second paragraph?A) Doctors usually have a poor eye sight.B) Moviegoers often wear 3D glasses to watch films.C) Some doctors are moviegoers.D) Moviegoers know how to perform surgery.57. What was the doctors attitude toward 3D technology in the past?A) Apathetic.B) Positive.C) Disappointed.D) Doubtful.58. To create a 3D effect in the brain, an eye-tracking camera systemA) enabled each eye to receive separate imagesB) separated images for each eyeC) delivered images of each eye through a cameraD) delivered to each glass separate images59. The benefits that 3D technology may bring to surgeons areA) less precision and less timeB) improved precision and less timeC) improved precision and more timeD) obscured views60. What can be inferred from the feedbacks of the surgeons?A) 3D glasses system has the highest technology.B) 3D glasses system is no better than 2D one.C) The glasses-free system is superior to the 2D one.D) 3D glasses system is more helpful than the glasses-free system. Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.A recent BBC documentary, The Town That Never Retired, sought to show the effects ofincreasing the state pension age by putting retirees back to work.Although the results were entertaining, they need not have bothered. Away from the cameras,unprecedented numbers of older people are staying in work .Since the start of the recession thatbegan in 2008, the number of 16-to 24-year-olds in work has fallen by 597,000. Over the sameperiod the number of workers over the age of 65 has increased by 240 o000.The graying of the British workforce dates back to around 2001, since when the proportion ofolder people working has nearly doubled. But it hasaccelerated since the start of the recession.There are several reasons why. Happily, people are living longer and healthier lives, which makesstaying in work less daunting than it was. Less happily, low interest rates, a stagnant stockmarket and the end of many defined-benefit ( 固定收益 ) pension schemes make it a financialnecessity. And changing attitudes ,spurred by rules against age discrimination, are making it easierthan ever.Most older workers are simply hanging on at the office: 63% of workers over state pension agehave been with their employer for more than ten years. Over two-thirds of them work part-time,mostly doing jobs that they once performed full-time. A big advantage is that they do not paynational insurance contributions effectively a second income tax on younger workers.According to Stephen McNair, director of the Centre for Research into the Older Workforce, thisflexibility explains why older workers have not suffered so much in the slump. Instead of slashingthe workforce, as in previous recessions, many firms have halted recruitment and cut workinghours. At small businesses in particular, keeping on older workers is cheaper and less risky thantraining replacements. Over half of workers over state pension age work for businesses with fewerthan 25 employees.Christopher Nipper, who owns David Nipper, a womens wear manufacturer based in Derbyshire,prizes his semi-retired workers, who can be employed at short notice and do not need to work full-time to survive. Retired machinists can fill in if there is a surge in orders; former sales advisers canwork as part-time consultants. As his competitors have movedproduction abroad, depleting thepool of trained labour,retaining older workers and their skills has become even more important.There is scope for the older workforce to expand. Workers over the age of 50 who are madeunemployed find it harder to pick up new jobs, which could mean that more oldsters want to workthan are able to. That would be good. The Office for Budget Responsibility, the fiscalwatchdog,reported on July 12th that an ageing, unproductive population is the biggest long-term threat toBritains economic health.Data from the OECD, a think-tank, shows that employment rates among workers approachingretirement age are split in Europe, with old workers hanging on best in the north. Governmentcredit ratings follow a similar pattern. That Britains ageing workforce more closely resemblesGermanys than Italys could prove the countrys salvation(拯救).61. Which of the following can be inferred from the BBC documentary The Town That NeverRetired?A) What it intends to reveal is contrary to the reality.B) It has received good comments from audience.C) It aims to criticize the poor pension provision in the UK.D) It reflects the current phenomenon of retirees coming back to work.62. According to the passage, "it" ( Line 6, Para. 2 ) refersto__________.A) age discriminationB) the changing attitudeC) a financial necessityD) staying in work after retiring63. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following is TRUE about the older workers in the UK?A) Most of them are loyal to their former employers.B) Most of them rarely challenge themselves by seeking new types of jobs.C) They do not have to pay national income tax.D) 63% of them continue to work over the retirement age.64. According to Christopher Nieper, why are semi-retired workers favored in hiring?A) Because they can fill in the job vacancy in a brief time.B) Because the pool of labour in the UK is drained.C) Because they work harder than the yoking because of economic pressure.D) Because their working hours can be as flexible as they want.65. It can be concluded from the last paragraph that __________.A) Britains ageing workforce is similar to ItalysB) Britains credit ratings are higher than ItalysC) Britains salvation is better than GermanysD) Britains employment rates of ageing workforce are higher than Germanys。

大学英语六级CET仔细阅读习题答案大学英语六级CET仔细阅读习题答案倘不学习，再美好的理想也会化成泡影;倘不勤奋，再美妙的计划也会付之东流;倘不实践，再广博的知识也会束之高阁。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的.大学英语六级CET仔细阅读习题答案，希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!Since Andrew Benton graduated from college less than four years ago, he has dropped out of a Princeton Ph.D. program in economics, moved to rural Georgia to start a Web-software company that he’s trying to sell, and now works freelance (自由职业) for a cloud-computing company in Silicon Valley. He buys his own health insurance and contributes to his retirement accounts; neither his policy nor his accounts receive corporate contributions. Does his job instability and lack of benefits worry him? Nope. The 26-year-old does not expect to hold a traditional 9-to-5 job unless he starts his own business again, and he is not overly pessimistic about the recession’s long-term effect on his career. “I don’t pay that much attention to what is going on in the economy,” he says. “I just found stuff I was interested in.”Whatever you make of this attitude — smart, entitled, tech savvy (聪明的), risky, or bold — Benton is arguably the prototype (典型) of the new and perhaps ideal worker in the post-recession economy.Still, this savvy demographic group isn’t immune from the career setbacks of the recession. Workers born after 1980, who are having a harder time gaining a foothold in the job market, may face lower earnings over the next several years of their careers.Those who opt for traditional corporate careers have had toreadjust their expectations. For some young, well-educated workers such as 24-year-old Adrian Muniz, the recession has been startling. Muniz graduated from Brown University in 2007 and moved to New York City, expecting to easily find work at a magazine. Instead, he ended up working at high-end retail stores for the past three years and doing media internships on the side to build up his résumé.When the economy does pick up, experts warn that millennials, i.e. people born in or after 1980, may leave their companies for better jobs and higher paychecks. They will quit to travel the world, or simply because they did not like their boss. When more jobs become available, the millennials will use their tech savvy to promote themselves on other social networks. They will have no problem accepting contract, short-term work in place of a steadier paycheck. “The economy is actually creating a type of work that suits millennials well and does not suit baby boomers,” says Karl Ahlrichs, a human-resources consultant. In part, that’s because the economy is generating jobs in technology, computers, education, and health care that require serious technological, entrepreneurial, and creative skills as opposed to expertise in operations or management.Armed with their education, parental support, or savings, millennials seem to have plenty of answers when it comes to dealing with the current economy. Still, questions remain. In their 30s and 40s, will they start their own businesses rather than joining the ranks of middle management? Will their innovative and entrepreneurial streak survive as they move through adult rites (仪式) of passage such as buying houses, raising children, or caring for aging parents? Ask a millennial and they’ll tell you that they’ll find or invent new answers to such age-oldquestions.57. What do we learn about Andrew Benton’s work experience?A) He has now an unsteady job without corporate welfare benefits.B) Without a Ph.D., he was at a disadvantage when applying for job.C) He gave up the chance to take a traditional corporate job.D) It takes about four years for him to realize what he wants to be.58. What is a main concern of Andrew Benton?A) Whether the economy is going to pick up quickly. B) When he should start and run another software firm.C) Whether the job interests him and arouses his curiosity. D) How he can find an ideal job unaffected by the recession.59. According to the passage, in the job market, workers born after 1980 ________.A) earn much more than their predecessors B) have been affected by the economic downturn C) gain a competitive edge with good education D) are undoubtedly ideal workers for the economy60. What accounts for millennials’ being suitable for work created by the current economy?A) Their desire to promote themselves. B) Their strong sense of looking after families.C) Their special skills in running and managing firms. D) Their embrace of tech skills and innovative ideas.61. What can we infer from the passage about millennials’ attitude towards their future?A) Negative. B) Uncertain. C) Positive. D) Conservative.答案 A C B D C【大学英语六级CET仔细阅读习题答案】。

2018年6月大学英语六级真题仔细阅读译文及详细解析(卷二)It'XXX with no simple answer。

On the one hand。

global poverty rates have XXX decades。

and many countries have XXX economic growth。

On the other hand。

e inequality has increasedin many places。

and there are still ns of people living in poverty.One way to measure overall economic well-being is to look at GDP per capita。

which is the total value of goods and services XXX measure。

many countries have XXX over the past decade。

For example。

China's GDP per capita has more than tripled since 2008.and India's has more than XXX。

XXX is better off。

In fact。

e inequality has increased in both China and India。

meaning that the benefits of economic growth have been XXX.Another way to measure economic well-being is to look at median household e。

which is the e of the household right in the middle of the e n。