【名师导航】中考英语精讲复习 代词(要点提示+专项专练)
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代词
【要点提示】
代词可以分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词和不定代词等。其主
your
一、人称代词
人称代词分为主格和宾格两种,前者在句子中担任主语,后者担任宾语或表语。人称代词并列使用时顺序一般为:第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。如:You, she and I all took part in the party.
二、物主代词
物主代词分形容词性和名词性两种。形容词性物主代词只用作定语,相当于形容词,使用中要注意避免人称和数的误用。名词性物主代词可在句中作主语、宾语或表语等,相当于名词。如:
Every man should do his duty.
You may use my pen and I’ll use hers.
“of + 名词性物主代词”构成双重所有格,表示所属。如:That lady is a friend of mine.
三、反身代词
反身代词主要用作宾语和同位语,有时可用作表语,但不能作主语。如:
Take care of yourself.
She herself was a doctor.
The man in the photo is myself.
四、指示代词
指示代词主要有this, that, these, those等。指距离较近的事物用this 或th ese,指较远的事物用that 或those。此外,电话里this 和that可指人。如:
I want this pen, not that pen.
Is that Nancy on the phone?
五、疑问代词
疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句。如:What job do you want to find?
Whose little girl is she?
Which subject is your best one?
六、不定代词
不定代词有名词或形容词的特点,在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。主要用法如下:
1. some系列的词项是肯定词,主要用于肯定句;any系列的词项是非肯定词,主要用于疑问句、否定句或条件状语从句。如:I have something to tell you.
Is there anyone in the classroom?
2. 当说话人表达请求、建议或带有肯定意图时,不管句子是什么形式,都可以用some系列词项。如:Would you like something to drink?
Why don’t you ask someone to help you?
3. 不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如:Someone is waiting
for you.
4. 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing 等时,该形容词须位于这些词的后面。如:There is nothing wrong with my car.
I want to read something exciting.
5. 几组不定代词的区别。
both, either, neither
这三个词都指两者,both表示“两者都……”,either表示“两者中的任何一个”,neither 表示“两者都不”。
a few / few, a little / little
(1)a few, few 用来修饰可数名词,a little, little 用来修饰不可数名词。其中a few,a little表示“有一些”;few,little表示否定,意思是“几乎没有”。
(2)quite a few 和quite a little意为“相当多”;very few 和very little意为“很少”。
none, no one
(1)none 表示对三个或三个以上的人或事物的否定,意为“没有什么人”或“没有什么东西”,用作主语和宾语,后面可以接of短语。如:
—How many apples are there in the box?
—None.
I like none of his novels.
(2)no one 意为“无一人,没有人”,仅指人(= nobody),常用来回答who 的提问。如:No one knew the doctor’s address.
—Who is in your room?
—No one.
【代词专练】
Ⅰ. 请根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Did the students enjoy______________ (they) in the World Park?
2. Do you know the girl standing between Jenny and___________ (I)?
3. A friend of_______________(she) visited our school yesterday.
4. —Whose books are those?
—They’re ______________ (we).
5. You can come at ______________ (any) time.
6. How old is ______________ (you) sister?
7. Boys and girls, help________________ (you) to some fruit.
8. The little girl couldn’t find______________(she) bag and began to cry.
9. Is the book on the desk_______________ (you)?
10. Lily and Lucy are over there. Please pass the pens to _________ (they). Ⅱ. 请从各题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
( )1. —Do you have any water?
—Yes, I have ______________in my glass.
A. little
B. few
C. a few
D. a little
( )2. There is some salt in the bowl. Please pass____________ to me.
A. it
B. one
C. them
D. this
( )3. The question is simple. ___________ can answer it.
A. Someone
B. Anybody
C. Nobody
D. No one
( )4. I invited Joe and Linda to have dinner. But__________ of them had free time.
A. neither
B. either
C. none
D. both
( )5. It was a long journey, but___________ of them four felt bored.
A. neither
B. both
C. none
D. all
( )6. There are many tall trees on ____________ sides of the street.
A. both
B. all
C. either
D. neither
( )7. Don’t lose ____________ in computer games, boys.
A. yourself
B. yourselves
C. himself
D. themselves
( )8. The old woman kept one black dog and two White___________.
A. one
B. ones
C. those
D. these
( )9. —When shall we meet again?
—Make it ____________day you like; it’s all the same to me.
A. one
B. another
C. some
D. any
( )10. Mike’s idea is different from ___________ . We really can’t agr ee with _____________ .
A. ours; him
B. ours; he’s
C. us; him
D. us; his ( )11. ____________ do you think can do it?
A. Who
B. Whom
C. Why
D. How
( )12. —Are you going to buy a camera?
—Yes. But there are so many kinds that I can’t decide ___________to buy.