宏观经济学试题A

宏观经济学考试试题一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是：A. 个体经济行为B. 企业经济活动C. 国民经济总体D. 国际经济关系2. 总需求不足时，政府可以采取的措施是：A. 增加税收B. 减少政府支出C. 增加政府支出D. 提高利率3. 根据菲利普斯曲线，通货膨胀率与失业率之间存在：A. 正相关关系B. 负相关关系C. 无直接关系D. 正相关但不稳定4. 货币政策的主要工具包括：A. 利率调节B. 政府支出C. 税收政策D. 以上都是5. 经济增长的源泉主要包括：A. 资本积累B. 劳动力增加C. 技术进步D. 以上都是二、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. 解释什么是“挤出效应”并举例说明。

2. 描述货币政策和财政政策在经济衰退期的不同作用及其局限性。

三、计算题（每题15分，共30分）1. 假设一个国家的GDP为1000亿，消费为600亿，投资为200亿，政府支出为150亿，净出口为-50亿。

请计算该国的储蓄总额。

2. 假设一个国家的货币供应量为2000亿，货币流通速度为2次/年，实际GDP为3000亿。

根据货币数量论，计算该国的名义GDP。

四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）1. 论述开放经济条件下，汇率变动对国内经济的影响。

2. 讨论经济增长与经济周期之间的关系，并举例说明。

五、案例分析题（10分）阅读以下案例：某国在经历一段时间的经济高速增长后，出现了通货膨胀率上升、失业率下降的现象。

请分析可能的原因，并提出相应的政策建议。

请注意，以上内容仅为示例，实际考试试题应根据具体的课程内容和教学大纲来制定。

宏观经济学试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是：A. 个体经济行为B. 家庭经济行为C. 企业经济行为D. 总体经济行为答案：D2. 国内生产总值（GDP）是指：A. 一个国家在一定时期内生产的所有最终商品和服务的市场价值总和B. 一个国家在一定时期内消费的所有最终商品和服务的市场价值总和C. 一个国家在一定时期内投资的所有最终商品和服务的市场价值总和D. 一个国家在一定时期内出口的所有最终商品和服务的市场价值总和答案：A3. 通货膨胀是指：A. 货币供应量增加B. 货币购买力下降C. 商品和服务价格普遍上升D. 失业率上升答案：C4. 财政政策主要包括：A. 税收政策和货币政策B. 货币政策和汇率政策C. 财政支出和税收政策D. 财政收入和货币政策答案：C5. 货币政策的主要工具是：A. 利率和公开市场操作B. 利率和汇率C. 利率和财政支出D. 公开市场操作和汇率答案：A6. 经济增长通常是指：A. 国内生产总值的增加B. 人均国内生产总值的增加C. 货币供应量的增加D. 通货膨胀率的下降答案：B7. 经济周期的四个阶段是：A. 繁荣、衰退、萧条、复苏B. 衰退、萧条、复苏、繁荣C. 复苏、繁荣、衰退、萧条D. 萧条、复苏、衰退、繁荣答案：A8. 失业率是指：A. 劳动力总数中未就业人数的比例B. 劳动力总数中就业人数的比例C. 劳动力总数中长期失业人数的比例D. 劳动力总数中短期失业人数的比例答案：A9. 贸易顺差是指：A. 出口总额大于进口总额B. 进口总额大于出口总额C. 出口总额等于进口总额D. 出口总额和进口总额的差额答案：A10. 总需求曲线向下倾斜表明：A. 价格水平上升，总需求增加B. 价格水平上升，总需求减少C. 价格水平下降，总需求增加D. 价格水平下降，总需求减少答案：B二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）1. 宏观经济学中的总供给包括：A. 消费B. 投资C. 政府购买D. 净出口答案：ABCD2. 影响通货膨胀的因素包括：A. 货币供应量B. 劳动力成本C. 原材料价格D. 消费者预期答案：ABCD3. 财政政策的自动稳定器包括：A. 税收B. 政府支出C. 转移支付D. 利率答案：ABC4. 货币政策的传导机制包括：A. 利率渠道B. 信贷渠道C. 货币供应量渠道D. 汇率渠道答案：ABCD5. 经济衰退的特征包括：A. 国内生产总值下降B. 失业率上升C. 通货膨胀率下降D. 企业利润下降答案：ABCD三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. 简述凯恩斯主义经济学的主要观点。

一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共30分）1. 资源的稀缺性是指（ B ）A. 世界是的资源最终会由于生产更多的物品和劳务而消耗光。

B. 相对于人类社会的无穷欲望而言，资源总是不足的。

C. 生产某种物品所需资源的绝对数量很少。

D. 资源必须保留给下一代。

2. 宏观经济学研究的问题是: ( B )A. 资源配置B. 资源利用C. 资源配置和资源利用D. 经济增长3. “面粉是中间产品”这一命题：（ C ）A. 一定是对的B. 一定是不对的C. 可能是对的，也可能是不对的D. 以上三种说法全对4. 下列不正确的命题是：（ A ）A. 国民生产净值（NNP）减直接税等于国民收入（NI）B. 国民生产净值（NNP）加资本消耗（折旧）等于国民生产总值（GNP）C. 总投资等于净投资加折旧D. 个人收入等于个人可支配收入加直接税5.当消费函数为C = a + b Y，a、b＞0，这表明，平均消费倾向: ( A )A. 大于边际消费倾向B. 小于边际消费倾向C. 等于边际消费倾向D. 以上三种情况都有可能6.如果其他情况不变,净税收和政府购买增加同一数额时，则： ( A )A. 总支出(C+I+G)上移；B. 总支出(C+I+G)下移；C. 总支出(C+I+G)不变；D. 以上三种情况都有可能7.下面哪一项会增加货币的预防需求 ( B )A估计股票价格会上涨.；B.害怕政府倒台；C.职工减少工资；D. 物价普遍上涨。

8.在两部门经济模型中，如果边际消费倾向值为0.8，那么自发支出乘数值为（ C ）。

A.1.6； B.2.5；C.5； D.49. 在IS曲线上存在储蓄和投资均衡的收入和利率的组合点有（ B ）A.一个；B.无数个；C.一个或无数个；D.一个或无数个都不可能。

10.：价格上升时（ B ）A. 减少实际货币供给并使LM曲线右移；B. 减少实际货币供给并使LM曲线左移；C. 增加实际货币供给并使LM曲线右移；D. 增加实际货币供给并使LM曲线左移；。

宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。

A. 个别经济单位的经济行为B. 总体经济现象C. 政府的经济行为D. 企业的生产行为答案：B2. 总需求曲线向下倾斜的主要原因是（）。

A. 价格水平上升B. 价格水平下降C. 收入效应D. 替代效应答案：C3. 货币政策的实施机构是（）。

A. 财政部B. 国家统计局C. 中央银行D. 证监会答案：C4. 经济衰退时，政府应该采取的财政政策是（）。

A. 增加税收B. 减少支出C. 减少税收D. 增加支出5. 货币供应量增加，利率下降，这表明（）。

A. 货币需求减少B. 货币需求增加C. 货币供给增加D. 货币供给减少答案：C6. 通货膨胀率上升，货币的实际购买力会（）。

A. 增加B. 减少C. 不变D. 不确定答案：B7. 经济中存在失业，政府应该采取的措施是（）。

A. 减少公共支出B. 增加公共支出C. 增加税收D. 减少税收答案：B8. 经济增长通常与以下哪个因素有关（）。

A. 资本积累B. 人口增长C. 技术进步D. 所有以上答案：D9. 长期总供给曲线是（）。

B. 向上倾斜的C. 向下倾斜的D. 向右倾斜的答案：A10. 经济周期中，经济从衰退到复苏的阶段被称为（）。

A. 复苏期B. 繁荣期C. 衰退期D. 萧条期答案：A二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述凯恩斯主义经济学的主要观点。

答案：凯恩斯主义经济学认为，在短期内，总需求的变化是影响经济波动的主要因素。

政府可以通过财政政策和货币政策来调节总需求，从而实现充分就业和稳定物价。

2. 解释什么是菲利普斯曲线，并说明其在现代宏观经济学中的意义。

答案：菲利普斯曲线描述了失业率与通货膨胀率之间的负相关关系。

在短期内，较低的失业率往往伴随着较高的通货膨胀率。

然而，在长期内，这种关系可能并不稳定，因为通货膨胀预期会改变人们的行为。

3. 描述货币政策的三大工具，并简要说明它们是如何影响经济的。

《宏观经济学》试卷A注意：请在答题纸上作答，考试时间120分钟，可以翻阅纸质字典，不得携带电子词典及手机等。

Part １: Single Choice (40×1′=40′)1. Macroeconomics is the study of ( ) a. market regulation. b. money and financial markets. c. economy-wide phenomena. d. how households and firms make decisions and how they interact.2. National income is defined as ( ) a. all income produced within a country. b. the income received by the national government. c. the total income earned by a nation’s residents f rom the production of goods and services within the borders of the country. d. the total income earned by a nation’s residents in the production of goods and services.3. The best measure of a country’s production of goods and services is ( ) a. real GDP. b. real NNP. c. nominal GDP. d. nominal GNP.4. GDP is used as the basic measure of a society’s economic well -being. A better measure of the economic well-being of individuals in society is ( ) a. the consumption component of GDP. b. GDP per person. c. government expenditures per person. d. the level of business investment.5. The inflation rate is defined as the ( ) a. cost of inflation. b. cost of borrowing. c. percentage change in real GDP from the previous period. d. percentage change in the price level from the previous period.6. If the nominal interest rate is 8% and rate of inflation is 2%, the real interest rate is ( ) a. 16%. b. 10%. c. 6%. d. 4%.7. What is the purpose of measuring the overall level of prices in the economy? ( ) a. to allow consumers to know what kinds of prices to expect in the future b. to allow the measurement of GDP c. to allow comparison between dollar figures from different points in time d. All of the above are correct.8. A COLA automatically raises the wage rate when ( ) a. real GDP increases. b. the labor force increases.c. taxes increase.d. the consumer price index increases.9. A certificate of indebtedness that specifies the obligations of the borrower to the holder is called a ( ) a. stock. b. mutual fund. c. bond. d. All of the above are correct. 10. Stock indexes are ( ) a. reports in the newspapers that report on the price of the stock and earnings of individual corporations over time. b. the average of a group of stock prices. c. measures of the risk relative to the profitability of corporations. d. measures of the price of a stock relative to its risk.11. If Congress raised the tax on interest income, investment ( ) a. and saving would increase. b. and saving would decrease. c. would increase and saving would decrease. d. would decrease and saving would increase. 12. An increase in the budget deficit shifts the ( ) a. demand for loanable funds left. b. demand for loanable funds right. c. supply of loanable funds left. d. supply of loanable funds right.13. Which of the following beliefs would make someone less likely to oppose government deficits? ( ) a. The return on private investment is higher than the return on public investment. b. Taxes considerably distort private decision making. c. The demand for loanable funds curve is very steep. d. All of the above would make someone less likely to oppose government deficits.14. Which of the following people is counted as unemployed according to official statistics? ( ) a. Nancy, who is on temporary layoff b. Gary, who has retired and is not looking for work c. Brian, a full-time student who is not looking for work d. All of the above are correct.15. The natural rate of unemployment is ( ) a. zero percent. b. the rate associated with the highest possible level of GDP. c. created primarily by short-run fluctuations in real GDP. d. the amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences. 16. Sectoral shifts in the economy ( ) a. create structural unemployment. b. immediately reduce unemployment. c. on net leave unemployment unchanged. d. increase unemployment due to job search. 17. Minimum wage laws ( )院系： 专业班级： 姓名： 学号：装 订 线a. probably reduce teenage employment.b. are probably the major cause of natural unemployment.c. probably most adversely affect skilled workers.d. All of the above are correct.18. Angela is the newly appointed CEO of a company that manufactures computer chips on an assembly line. Her staff has told her that given productivity numbers, they suspect some workers may be shirking. According to efficiency wage theory, what should she do? ( ) a. Pay all workers more than the equilibrium wage rate. b. Reward those who shirk with higher wages. c. Pay below the equilibrium wage rate to make up for the loss from shirking. d. Make sure that workers are getting paid exactly the equilibrium wage rate.19. Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money? ( ) a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, , in dollars. b. You pay for tickets to a WNBA game with dollars. c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies. d. None of the above is correct. 20. M1 includes ( ) a. savings deposits. b. money market deposit accounts. c. currency. d. All of the above are correct.21. The Federal Open-market Committee is made up of ( ) a. 5 of the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Regional banks, and the 7 members of the Board of Governors. b. the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Regional banks, and the Chair of the Board of Governors. c. the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Regional banks, and the 7 members of the Board of Governors. d. 7 of the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Regional banks, and the 5 members of the Board of Governors.22. If banks choose to hold more excess reserves, ( ) a. required reserves in the banking system increase. b. the money multiplier will increase. c. the discount rate will increase. d. the money supply falls.23. The Fed can influence unemployment in ( ) a. the short run, but not the long run. b. the short and long run. c. the long run, but not the short run. d. neither the short nor long run.24. When the price level rises, the number of dollars needed to buy a representative basket of goods ( ) a. decreases, so the value of money rises. b. decreases, so the value of money falls. c. increases, so the value of money rises.d. increases, so the value of money falls.25. If velocity and output were nearly constant, ( ) a. the inflation rate would be much higher than the money supply growth rate. b. the inflation rate would be much lower than the money supply growth rate. c. the inflation rate would be about the same as the money supply growth rate. d. Any of the above could be correct, more information is needed.26. If the money supply growth rate permanently increased from 10 percent to 20 percent we would expect that inflation and nominal interest rates would both increase ( ) a. by more than 10 percentage points. b. by 10 percentage points. c. but by less than 10 percentage points. d. None of the above is correct. 27. Shoeleather costs refer to ( ) a. the cost of more frequent price changes induced by higher inflation. b. resources used to maintain lower money holdings when inflation is high. c. the distortion in resource allocation created by distortions in relative prices due to inflation. d. the distortion in incentives, created by inflation, by taxes that do not adjust for inflation. 28. In order to maintain stable prices, the central bank must ( ) a. tightly control the money supply. b. keep unemployment low. c. sell indexed bonds. d. All of the above are correct. 29. Business cycles ( ) a. are explained mostly by fluctuations in corporate profits. b. no longer are very important due to government policy. c. are fluctuations in real GDP and related variables over time. d. All of the above are correct.30. Most economists believe that classical economic theory is a good description of the world in ( ) a. the long run, but not in the short run. b. the short run, but not in the long run. c. the short run and in the long run. d. neither the short nor long run.31. A decrease in U.S. interest rates leads to ( ) a. an appreciation of the dollar that leads to smaller exports. b. an appreciation of the dollar that leads to greater net exports. c. a depreciation of the dollar that leads to smaller net exports. d. a depreciation of the dollar that leads to greater net exports. 32. The long-run aggregate supply curve shifts right if ( ) a. Congress raises the minimum wage substantially. b. unemployment insurance benefits are made more generous. c. immigration from abroad increases. d. All of the above are correct.院系： 专业班级： 姓名： 学号：装 订 线33. Suppose a shift in aggregate demand creates an economic contraction. If policymakers can respond with sufficient speed and precision, they can offset the initial shift by shifting aggregate ( ) a. supply left. b. supply right. c. demand left. d. demand right.34. Which of the following has been suggested as an important cause of the Great Depression? ( ) a. a decline in the money supply b. a large decline in government expenditures c. an increase in the relative price of oil d. All of the above are correct.35. According to liquidity preference theory, which of the following shifts the money demand curve to the left? ( ) a. a decrease in the price level b. an increase in the price level c. an increase in the interest rate d. Both b and c are correct.36. If Congress cuts spending to balance the federal budget, the Fed can act to prevent unemployment and recession while maintaining the balanced budget by ( ) a. raising taxes. b. cutting expenditures. c. increasing the money supply. d. decreasing the money supply.37. Investment tax credits are designed to ( ) a. increase aggregate demand in the short run and eventually increase long-run aggregate supply. b. increase aggregate demand in the short run, but eventually decrease long-run aggregate supply. c. increase aggregate demand in the short run and have no impact on aggregate supply. d. None of the above is correct.38. According to Friedman and Phelps, the unemployment rate is above the natural rate when actual inflation ( ) a. is greater than expected inflation. b. equals expected inflation. c. is less than expected inflation. d. is high.39. The restrictive monetary policy followed by the Fed in the early 1980s ( ) a. reduced both unemployment and inflation. b. reduced inflation significantly, but at the cost of a severe recession. c. reduced unemployment significantly, but at the cost of higher inflation. d. raised both unemployment and inflation.40. A favorable supply shock will cause the short-run Phillips curve to shift ( ) a. left, and unemployment to rise. b. left, and unemployment to fall. c. right, and unemployment to rise. d. right, and unemployment to fall.Part 2: Simply answer following questions (4×5′=20′)1. How will following events influence the GDP of U.S. by expenditure method? (1)Boeing Company sold a plane to the U.S. Air Force. (2)Boeing Company sold a plane to the U.S. Air Company. (3)Boeing Company sold a plane to the Franc Air Company. (4)Boeing Company sold a plane to Mr. Cross.(5)Boeing Company produced a plane which will be sold in the next half year. 2. Who control the money supply? How does it control?3. Try to tell the relationship between short run Philips curve and long run Philips curve.4. What factors can cause unemployment? How?Part3: Calculate (2×10′=20′)1. Consider following events in certain economy:Y=5000、G=1000、T=1000、C=250+0.75(Y －T)、I=1000+50R(1)Try to calculate private saving, public saving and national saving in this economy (2) Try to find the equilibrium interest rate(3) Suppose Government purchase increase to 1250, try to calculate private saving, public saving and national saving(4) Try to find the new equilibrium2. Suppose in an economy, there are 0.76 billion adults, and 0.48 billion of them are working, 0.04 billion of them are looking for job, 0.18 billion of them are neither working nor looking for a job. Try to calculate(1) Labor force amount (2) Labor participate rate (3) Unemployment ratePart4: Analysis following questions(2×10′=20′)1. Try to tell the development path of macroeconomics. (How did it appear? How did it change?)2. Try to use the macroeconomics knowledge to analyze the current economic condition and try toafford some macroeconomic policies in China, and try to analyze their impacts to economy.院系： 专业班级： 姓名： 学号：装 订 线《国际贸易专业宏观经济学》试卷A宏观经济学（双语）A 卷参考答案Part1:1C 2D 3A 4B 5D 6C 7C 8D 9C 10B 11 B 12C 13C 14A 15D 16D 17A 18A 19A 20C 21A 22D 23A 24D 25C 26B 27B 28A 29C 30A 31A 32C 33D 34A 35A 36C 37A 38C 39B 40B Part2:1. (1) Increases government purchases and then increases GDP (2) Increases investment and then increases GDP (3) Increases net export and then increases GDP (4) Increases consumption and then increase GDP (5) Increases investment and then increase GDP2. Federal Open Market Committee conducts monetary policy by controlling the money supply. The money supply is the quantity of money available in the economy. The primary way in which the Fed changes the money supply is through open-market operations. The Fed purchases and sells U.S. government bonds. To increase the money supply, the Fed buys government bonds from the public. To decrease the money supply, the Fed sells government bonds to the public.3. The Phillips curve shows the short-run combinations of unemployment and inflation that arise as shifts in the aggregate demand curve move the economy along the short-run aggregate supply curve. The Phillips curve seems to offer policymakers a menu of possible inflation and unemployment outcomes. As a result, the long-run Phillips curve is vertical at the natural rate of unemployment. Monetary policy could be effective in the short run but not in the long run. In the long run, expected inflation adjusts to changes in actual inflation.4. Job search, this unemployment is different from the other types of unemployment. It is not caused by a wage rate higher than equilibrium. It is caused by the time spent searching for the “right” job. Minimum wage laws, although minimum wages are not the predominant reason for unemployment in our economy, they have an important effect on certain groups with particularly high unemployment rates. When the minimum wage is set above the level that balances supply and demand, it creates unemployment. Unions, a union is a worker association that bargains with employers over wages and working conditions. In the 1940s and 1950s, when unions were at their peak, about a third of the U.S. labor force was unionized. A union is a type of cartel attempting to exert its market power. Efficiency wages, Efficiency wages are above-equilibrium wages paid by firms in order to increase worker productivity. The theory of efficiency wages states that firms operate more efficiently if wages are above the equilibrium level.Part3:1. (1) Private saving=Y-T-C=5000-1000-(250+0.75*4000)=750 Public saving=T-G=1000-1000=0 National saving=750(2) I=S 1000+50R=750 R=-5 (3) Private saving=750Public saving=T-G-1000-1250=-250 National saving=500(4) 1000+50R=500 R=-10 2. (1) labor force: 0.48+0.04=0.52(2) Labor participate rate: 0.52/0.76=68% (3) Unemployment rate: 0.04/0.52=7.7%院系： 专业班级： 姓名： 学号：装 订 线。

宏观经济学宏观经济学期末练习题AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA一、单项选择题（每题2分，共30分）1. 在一般情况下，国民收入核算体系中数值最小的是（）A国民生产净值B个人收入C个人可支配收入D国民收入2. 汇率自由浮动，在政府不加干预的情况下，若一国国内收入增加，（）A. 将导致对该国货币需求的增加而使货币升值B. 该国进口增加，国际收支出现赤字而使货币贬值C. 缩减对国内外商品的消费，使国际收支有所改善D. 以上答案都不正确3. 消费函数的斜率取决于（）A．平均消费倾向B．与可支配收入无关的消费的总量C．边际消费倾向D．由于收入变化而引起的投资总量4. 净投资大于零，则资本存量（）A. 增加B. 下降C. 不变D. 不确定5. 累进收入税（）A．在乘数中没有反映B．增加乘数的数值C．减少乘数的数值D．与增加政府支出的作用相同6. 当消费增加时，IS曲线（）A．向左平行移动B．向右平行移动C．转动D．不动7. 下面哪种情况不会引起货币供给量的增加？（）A. 公众把央行的支票存入商业银行B. 把央行的支票换成现金保留在手中C. 央行购买政府债券D. 公众把外汇、黄金兑换成本国货币存入银行8. 贸易伙伴发生通货膨胀，在固定汇率制下哪种情况正确？（）A. 本国贸易逆差B. 政府采取措施令货币贬值C. 投资者行为将会稳定汇率D. 本币供给将减少9. 货币供给增加使LM曲线右移，若要均衡收入变动接近于LM曲线的移动量，则必须 ( )A. LM曲线陡峭，IS曲线也陡峭B. LM与IS曲线都平缓C. LM曲线陡峭，IS曲线平缓D. LM曲线平缓，IS曲线陡峭10. 下面有关凯恩斯主义者和古典经济学家的观点哪个是正确的（）A. 凯恩斯主义认为失业不是一个很严重的问题，古典主义认为是B. 凯恩斯主义认为经济总是处于不均衡状态，古典主义认为是C. 凯恩斯主义认为大多数人出于相同的原因进行储蓄和投资，古典主义认为不是D. 凯恩斯主义认为经济不一定总处于充分就业状态，古典主义认为是11. 如果政府对产品和劳务的购买增加了100亿元，导致IS曲线移动400亿元，可推出规则的乘数为:（）A．40 B．4 C．10D．0.2512. 假设某国居民以现金和债券两种方式持有财富，如果其他情况保持不变，下面哪一情况会导致高能货币的增加对货币供给产生更大的影响 ( )A. 该国居民不信任银行，因此不愿意将货币存入银行B. 央行要求商业银行设定一个更高的法定准备金率C. 该国的货币需求变得对利率非常敏感D. 该国居民持有的现金量变少13．如果投资对利率变得很缓慢，则（）A．IS曲线会变得更陡峭 B．IS曲线会变得平坦C．LM曲线会变得更陡峭 B．LM曲线会变得平坦14. 加速原理说明了，如果产量(实际国民生产总值)增加迅速，那么 ( )A. 投资需求曲线向右方移动B. 投资需求曲线向左方移动C. 消费函数向右方移动D. 消费函数向左方移动15. 垂直的长期总供给曲线表明，如果价格可以充分调节，那么（）A. 任何价格水平下，充分就业的产出水平都是一致的B. 产出仅仅取决于总需求水平C. 均衡的实际产出不能确定D. 价格水平仅由总供给决定二、判断题(每题2分,共18分)1．住宅建筑是消费者的耐用品，在国民收入帐户中，被作为消费者支出处理。

宏观经济学考试试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共40分）1. 宏观经济学研究的是（）。

A. 单个经济个体的行为B. 市场价格的变动C. 整体经济运行规律和宏观经济政策D. 企业的生产管理2. GDP的计算方法主要包括（）。

A. 支出法、收入法、生产法B. 供给法、需求法、市场法C. 学问法、技术法、法律法D. 税收法、财政法、社会法3. 通货膨胀对经济的影响主要包括（）。

A. 提高流动性，减少债务负担B. 降低实际利率，刺激投资C. 降低购买力，导致物价上涨D. 增加进出口，改善贸易顺差4. 央行采取货币紧缩政策的目的是（）。

A. 刺激经济增长，促进就业B. 降低通货膨胀压力C. 扩大货币供应，增加消费D. 促进消费升级，提高人民生活水平5. 短期经济波动主要是由（）引起的。

A. 消费者需求的变化B. 政府宏观调控的效果C. 经济周期的波动D. 外部环境的变化二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）6. 宏观经济学研究的三大核心变量是（）、（）和（）。

7. 当央行降低存款准备金率时，货币供应量（）。

8. 名义利率等于实际利率加上（）。

9. 通货膨胀率的计算公式是（）。

10. 净出口等于出口减去（）。

三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）11. 请简述宏观经济学研究的基本问题是什么？12. 什么是经济增长？列举两个促进经济增长的因素。

13. 请解释货币的三个职能分别是什么？14. 列举并解释四个影响经济增长的要素。

15. 描述央行在宏观经济调控中的作用和手段。

四、论述题（共40分）16. 请论述中国宏观经济面临的主要问题及应对策略。

参考答案：一、选择题答案：1. C2. A3. C4. B5. C二、填空题答案：6. GDP、失业率、通货膨胀率7. 增加8. 通货膨胀率9. 通货膨胀率=（今年物价指数-去年物价指数）/去年物价指数×100%10. 进口三、简答题答案：11. 宏观经济学的基本问题包括经济增长、就业与失业、通货膨胀与通货紧缩、国际收支平衡等。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（ A 卷）一、名词解释题（本题型共5题。

每题2分，共10分，将答案写在答题纸上）1．国民生产总值2. 消费函数3. 充分就业4 经济周期5. 菲利普斯曲线二、单项选择题（本题型共30题。

每题正确答案只有一个，从每题的备选答案中选出正确的答案，将其英文字母编号填入答题纸上相应的空格．．．．．内。

每题1分，共30分）1、今年的名义国内生产总值大于去年的名义国内生产总值，说明：( )A.、今年物价水平一定比去年高了；B、今年生产的物品和劳务的总量一定比去年增加了；C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了；D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。

2、一国的国内生产总值小于国民生产总值，说明该国公民从外国取得的收入( )外国公民从该国取得的收入( )A.、大于；B、小于；C、等于；D、可能大于也可能小于。

3、两部门的均衡是：（）A: I=S；B: I+G=S+T；C: I+G+X=S+T+M；D: AD=AS。

4、一般地说，通货膨胀会使（）。

A．债权人受损，债务人受益；B．债权人受益，债务人受损；C．债权人和债务人都受益；D．债权人和债务人都受损。

5、在货币总量不变条件下，当物价上升，货币投机需求减少，利率上升，从而抑制投资需求和居民信贷消费需求，导致产出的下降，这种效应被称为（）A. 净出口效应；B. 利率效应；C.实际余额效应；D.财富效应。

6、总需求曲线向下倾斜的原因之一是( )：A. 随着价格水平下降，家庭的实际财富下降，他们将增加消费；B. 随着价格水平上升，家庭的实际财富下降，他们将减少消费；C. 随着价格水平下降，家庭的实际财富上升，他们将减少消费；D. 随着价格水平上升，家庭的实际财富上升，他们将增加消费。

7、在LM曲线即定时，扩张性的财政政策使IS曲线向（）。

A: 上移； B: 下移；C: 不变； D: 无联系。

8、假设银行利率为6%，在下列几项投资中，投资者应该选择（）：A.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是2%；B.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是5%；C.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是8%；D.无法确定。

第一单元一、单项选择题1、宏观经济学的中心理论是（）A、价格决定理论；B、工资决定理论；C、国民收入决定理论；D、汇率决定理论。

2、表示一国在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值的总量指标是（）A、国民生产总值；B、国内生产总值；C、名义国民生产总值；D、实际国民生产总值。

3、GNP核算中的劳务包括（）A、工人劳动；B、农民劳动；C、工程师劳动；D、保险业服务。

4、实际GDP等于（）A、价格水平除以名义GDP；B、名义GDP除以价格水平；C、名义GDP乘以价格水平；D、价格水平乘以潜在GDP。

5、从国民生产总值减下列项目成为国民生产净值（）A、折旧；B、原材料支出；C、直接税；D、间接税。

6、从国民生产净值减下列项目在为国民收入（）A、折旧；B、原材料支出；C、直接税；D、间接税。

二、判断题1、国民生产总值中的最终产品是指有形的物质产品。

（）2、今年建成并出售的房屋和去年建成而在今年出售的房屋都应计入今年的国民生产总值。

（）3、同样的服装，在生产中作为工作服就是中间产品，而在日常生活中穿就是最终产品。

（）4、国民生产总值一定大于国内生产总值。

（）5、居民购房支出属于个人消费支出。

（）6、从理论上讲，按支出法、收入法和部门法所计算出的国民生产总值是一致的。

（）7、所谓净出口是指出口减进口。

（）8、在三部门经济中如果用支出法来计算，GNP等于消费+投资+税收。

（）第二单元一、单项选择题1、根据消费函数，引起消费增加的因素是（）A、价格水平下降；B、收入增加；C、储蓄增加；D利率提高。

2、消费函数的斜率取决于（）A、边际消费倾向；B、与可支配收入无关的消费总量；C、平均消费倾向；D、由于收入变化而引起的投资的总量。

3、在简单凯恩斯模型中，投资增加使储蓄（）A、不变；B、增加；C、减少；D、不确定。

4、以下四种情况中，投资乘数最大的是（）A、边际消费倾向为0.6；B、边际消费倾向为0.4；C、边际储蓄倾向为0.3；D、边际储蓄倾向为0.1。