上海英语高考语法新题型(附答案)

最新上海市高考英语语法词汇新题型训练II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.( A )Let‟s say “Hi” to this cute yellow duck! Thousands of people 25 (crowd) the harbor of Kaohsiung city(高雄市), Taiwan to welcome this giant floating yellow rubber duck.The 59-foot-tall duck is a copy from a bathtub toy 26 (love) by children. It was created by a Dutch(荷兰的) artist, 27 has taken the duck around the world 28 ( send) a message of happiness.The duck now is floating happily on the water of Kaohsiung city. It will not leave the city 29 ter, it will begin visiting other cities in Taiwan. It 30 (expect) that this special guest will attract about three million visitors and bring tens of millions of dollars.(B)Eric Chen, a 17-year-old student from California, U.S.A., was the big winner ofthis year‟s Google Science Fair(谷歌科学挑战赛). He introduced 31 new medicine to fight 32the spread of flu viruses.Flu viruses, such as H7N9, 33 (pose)a great threat to the world and have already killed millions of people.“I felt like this was a really 34(urge) problem and I thought, …35 can‟t I find a new anti-flu medicine?‟” Chen said. Then he started his research 36 wowed the judges of the Google Science Fair.As the winner, Chen got a $50,000 scholarship and a trip to the Galapagos Islands(加拉帕哥斯群岛). He plans to use part of the money to develop a 37 (powerful ) flu medicine.“I really like 38 (do) research,” Chen said. “I‟m doing work 39 will make the world a better place.”参考答案25.crowded 26.loved 27.who 28.to send 29.until 30. is expected31. a 32. against 33.pose 34.urgent 35.Why 36.and 37. more powerful38.doing 39. that。

题目：2023上海高考英语语法题详解一、题目分析本次上海高考英语语法题主要考察了动词时态、语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、复合句以及倒装句等语法点。

其中，动词时态和语态的考察较多，涉及了现在完成时、一般过去时和过去完成时等时态，以及被动语态的用法。

非谓语动词的考察主要集中在不定式和动名词作宾语和补语的情况。

形容词和副词的比较级则主要考察了两者之间的比较，以及多音词的比较级形式。

复合句的考察主要涉及了宾语从句和状语从句。

倒装句则主要考察了部分倒装的情况。

二、解题思路对于动词时态和语态，首先要根据上下文确定时间状语，再根据时间状语选择合适的时态和语态。

对于非谓语动词，要分析句子结构，确定主语和动词之间的关系，再根据关系选择合适的非谓语动词形式。

对于形容词和副词的比较级，要掌握比较级的用法和规则，特别注意多音词的比较级形式。

对于复合句，要分析从句结构和从句的成分，再根据需要选择合适的连词和从句类型。

对于倒装句，要了解倒装的用法和规则，特别是部分倒装的情况。

三、实例解析例如，题目：What did you do last weekend? 这句话应该用一般过去时态，因为last weekend 表示过去的时间状语，所以应该用动词过去式did作为助动词。

答案为：I did something interesting last weekend.再例如，题目：The movie has been on for an hour, and the audience is still enjoying it.这句话中，“still enjoying it”应该用现在完成进行时态，因为句子中出现了for an hour这个时间状语，表示动作已经持续了一段时间，所以应该用现在完成时态来表示过去的动作对现在的影响。

答案为：The movie has been on for an hour, and the audience has been enjoying it for a long time.四、备考建议首先，要系统学习语法知识，掌握各种语法点的含义、用法和规则。

被动语态（核心考点精讲精练）【近年真题考点分布】【思维导图】【知识梳理】➢一、被动语态的构成形式被动语态由构成，be动词有人称、数和时态的变化。

被动语态的构成形式还有：get/become＋过去分词。

各种时态的被动语态形式如下：被动语态的使用场合：(1)不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时；(2)强调动作的承受者时。

It is reported that a space station will be built on the moon in years to come.据报道，一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。

In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat has been cut.在我的家乡，所有的麦子被收割后，总是要给农民们准备一顿收获的晚餐。

With many forests being destroyed，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.因为许多森林被毁，每年大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。

While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty.在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽量履行好自己的职责。

We get paid by the week. 我们按周获得薪酬。

1．“系动词feel，sound，taste，look，smell，appear，seem，turn，stay，become，get，grow，keep等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构，常常以主动形式表示被动意义。

This kind of wool shirt feels soft and sells well.这种羊毛衫摸起来很软，卖得很好。

上海高考语法新题型Read the following passage and fill in each blank in one of the following two ways: ①according to the context; ②using the correct form of the given words. (阅读下面的短文，用以下两种形式之一完成短文：①根据上下文填空；②用所给单词的正确形式填空。

)（A）What would you choose, if you were sitting in front of a TV and there was a book right next to you? The answer will most probably be the TV! Young people would certainly choose the TV, but you will be surprised to find out that the older 25 will at least hesitate about choosing it. Why is this? Are the books not as interesting as they used to be? Is it that the world 26_______ (change) so much in recent years that our habits are not the same any more ?Nowadays many people have 27______ interest in literature. This may be a possible explanation. Another reason might be the change of lifestyle. We are more likely to visit a club or a bar 28______ (relax) ourselves after a long day's work, rather than read a book in the comfort of our own homes. People are more outgoing than they used to be. All the stress of work makes us want a quick relaxing means. Perhaps, most of us do not have the patience to read any more. It is much 29_______ (simple) to turn on the TV and watch the latest news around the world than read 19th century literature!With all the TV programs, every one of us can find an interesting show or movie to watch. What's better than getting into bed with the remote control and 30______ (fall) asleep whenever you wish? You are 31______ master of all the TV programs. The only disadvantage is that TV will never provide you with all the facts that a book can do. TV is much more superficial (肤浅的)than books, 32 _____ _____ it does get you relaxed in just a moment!（B）There are several ways you can find out about the countries and places you wish to visit .You can talk to friends who have travelled to the places. Or you can see a color film or read travel books.It would seem 33 _____ there are three kinds of travel books. The first are those that give a personal, subjective account of travels 34 ______ the author has actually made himself. If they are informative and have a good index（索引）then they can be useful 35_____ you when you are planning your travels. The second kind are those books whose purpose is to give a purely objective description of things to be done and seen. If a well-read, cultured person has written such a book then it is even more useful. It can be sorted as a selected guide book The third kind are those books 36______ (call) “a guide” to some place or other. If they are good, they will, in addition to their factual information, give an analysis or an explanation. Like the first kind they can be 37______ (inspire) and interesting. But their basic purpose is to help the reader who wishes to plan in the most practical way.38_____ kind of travel book you choose, you must make sure that 39______ does not describe everything as “wonderful”,“excellent”or “magical”. You must also note its date of publication because travel is a very practical affair and many things change quickly in the 21stcentury. Finally, you 40 ______ make sure that the contents are well presented and easy to find. （A）ones 26. has changed 27. no/little/less 28. to relax 29. simpler/ more simple 30. falling 31. the 32. even if（B）33. that34. which 35. to 36. called37. inspiring 38. Whatever 39. It 40.should/ must。

(1)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.As a sophomore (二年级学生），I am feeling the time flies. Recalling about the past one year, so many thoughts (1) _________ (flood) in my mind. At this time, 1 just can’t tell my real idea. The memory is just like so fresh, and all (2) _________ things happened yesterday!When first day I came to University, I really feel that the school is very good, but at the first sight of the dormitory, something (3) _________ (disappoint) come up to me! The condition of the dormitory is really very poor with only one room, no lavatory! I saw something sad in my father’s eyes, maybe that time he thought of the poor condition! So with a big smile on my face, I told my father “it doesn’t matter, Dad. In this kind of condition, I will get myself (4) _________ (good)!5, My father felt better. But when he was coming back, seeing his back, I just wanted to cry! I felt in this city I was just isolated, from that time, I said to myself, you have no others (5) _________ can help you here, just depend on yourself.And then I came to my dormitory 303. I considered that I would spend four years here (in fact I moved to another one year later) and my dorm mates (6_________ (be) all there. Most of them came from Sichuan and they were chatting with a happy voice, but I can5t understand them! Again, I felt myself (7) _________ (isolate)! I hated that kind of feeling, and then I said hello to them!|To my surprise they are very friendly to me and warm-hearted! I no longer felt afraid. And I got along well with them. But at the first night here, I burst out to tears in that I was missing my family. I don’t know(8) _________ Everyday when I was at home, I was just eager to go to school,(9) _________ (experience) the wonderful college life but when coming here,I am just eager to go back! Ifs quite strange though, you (10)_________ know this kind of feeling!答案： 1， are flooding 2, the 3, disappointing 4, better 5, who 6, are 7, isolated 8, why 9, to experience 10, must!(2)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I was sure that I was to be killed. I became terribly nervous. I felt in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had escaped their search I found one and (1) _____ ____ my shaking hands, I could barely get it to my lips. But I had no matches, they had taken those. I looked (2) _________ the bars at my jailer (看守）.He did not make eye contact with me. I called out to him “Have you got a light” He looked at me, shrugged and came over to light my cigarette. (3) _________ he came close and lit the match, his eyes inadvertently (无意地）locked with mine. At that moment^ I smiled. I don’t know why I did that. Perhaps it was nervousness, perhaps it was because, (4) _________ you get very close, one to another, it is very hard not to some. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was (5) ____ _____ a spark jumped across the gap between our two hearts, our two human souls. I know he didn’t want to, but my smile leaped through the bars and generated a smile on his lips, too. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, (6) _________ (look) at me directly in the eyes and continuing to smile.I kept smiling at him, now aware of him as a person and not just a jailer. And his looking at me seemed to have a new impression too. Do you have kids he asked Yes, here, here. I took out my wallet and nervously looked for the pictures of my family. He, too, took out the pictures of his family and began to talk about his plans and hopes for them. My eyes (7) _________ (fill) with tears. I said that I feared that I’d never see my family again, never have the chance to see them (8) _________ (grow) up. Tears came to his eyes, too. Suddenly, without another word,he unlocked my cell and silently led me out. Out of the jail, quietly and by back routes, out of the town. There, at the edge of town, he released me. And without another word, he turned back toward the tow a"My life (9) _________ (save) by a smile. Yes, the smile The unaffected, unplanned, natural connection between people. I really believe that (10) _________ that part of you and that part of me could recognize each other, we wouldn’t be enemies. We couldn’t have hate or envy or fear.答案： 1， Because of 2, through 3, As 4, when 5, as though6, looking 7, filled 8, grow 9, was saved 10, if~(3)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Highways turned into free parking lots; high-speed trains shuttled (穿梭）with the minimum possible intervals but still struggled to take the strain; armed police (1) _________ (be) called to help evacuate (疏散）stranded crowds--------$These are not screen shots from Hollywood film 2012 but rather a reality show (真人秀) currently taking place in China, (2) _________ billion people are on their weeklong National Day holidays.(3) _________ the holiday kicked off on Tuesday, relativelycomfortable weather across the country, toll-free (免费通行）highways, admission ticket discounts, and lower gas prices have combined (4) _________ (make) this so-called Golden Week the best time for traveling. At least that was the theory. But such miracles rarely happen (5) _________ millions of minds think alike —the hustle and bustle (熙熙攘攘）of crowds have been seen almost everywhere.No other description (6) _________ (allow) better visualization of the situation than the Chinglish phrase “people mountain, people sea,” as netizens re-branded Golden Week as “golden mess.” 98,000 — The number of visitors (7) _________ (receive) by the Summer Palace in Beijing on Wednesday (8) _________ crowds flocked to catch a glimpse of a giant rubber duck installed by Dutch artist Florentijn Hofman.The temporary exhibit, (9) _________ has caused quite a buzz in China, was transferred to this former royal garden and residence prior (10) _________ the Golden Week.'答案： 1， were 2， where 3, Since 4, to make 5, when6, allows 7, received 8, as 9, which 10,to(4)#Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.This kind of damage is inevitable if cells exist frozen in permafrost (永久冻土层）for thousands of years and cannot make repairs, Christner said. Imagine that a microbe is in ice for (1) _________ (extend) periods of time and its DNA is progressively getting cut into pieces. There will eventually be a point (2) _________ the microbe’s DNA become s sodamaged that it's no longer a viable informational storage molecule. What is left is a corpse.The situation would seem dire for the longevity of microbes in ice. But curiously, researchers have been able (3) _________ (revive) microbes buried in ice and permafrost for hundreds of thousands to millions of years. In fact, Christner managed to revive several different types of bacteria from near (4) _________ bottom of the Guliya ice cap on the Qinghan-Tibetan plateau in Western China — ice that is 750,000 years old, from long (5) _________ the age of humans.But (6) _________ is it possible for microbes to counter expectations and survive (7) _________ such long periods when frozen The survival of microorganisms in ancient glacial ice and permafrost has typically been ascribed to their ability to persist in a dormant, metabolic ally inert state. But even this explanation (8) _________ (not account) for the background levels of ionizing radiation (9) cause damage to these microbes’ DNA, frozen (10) _________ the bottom of a glacier or not.、答案： 1，extended 2, when 3, to receive 4, the 5, before6, how 7, for 8, the 9, infecting 10, even though(5)\A simple change — switching on captions (字幕）一can make a big difference when students watch educational videos, an SF State professor has discovered. Robert Keith Collins, (1) _________ assistant professor of American Indian studies, found that students test scores and comprehension improved dramatically (2) _________ captions were used while (3) _________ (watch) videos. The tool is often utilized for students with learning disabilities, but Collins says his results showcaptions can be beneficial to all students.Collins developed the idea (4) _________ he was a member of a faculty learning committee(教师学习委员会）focused on ways to make the classroom (5) _________ (many) accessible to all students. During the first year of a two-year case study, he showed videos (6) _________ captions to establish a baseline of student comprehension. (7) _________ that baseline was established, he turned captions on and began to see improvements. Those improvements continued into the second year of the study.Not only were students talking about how much having the captions (8) _________ (help) them as they (9) _________ (take)notes，their tests cores went up, Collinssaid. During the baseline year, there were a lot of Cs. In the second years, they went from Cs, Ds and Fs to As, Bs and Cs. (10) _________ was really significant improvement.答案：~1, an 2, when 3, watching 4, while 5. more6, without 7. Once 8. doesn’t account 9. that 10. at(6)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that.best fits each blank.When people want to direct the attention of others, they naturally do so by pointing, starting from a very young age. Now, researchers (1) _________ (report) in Current Biology, a Cell Press publication, on October 10 have shown that elephants spontaneously get the main idea ofhuman pointing and can use it (2) _________ a cue for finding food.That’s all the more impressive given that many great apes (3) _________ (fail) to understand pointing (4) _________ it’s done for them by human caretakers, the researchers say. By showing (5) _________ African elephants spontaneously understand human pointing, without any training to do so, we (6) _________ (show) that the ability to understand pointing is not uniquely human but has also evolved in a lineage of animal very remote from the primates, says Richard Byrne of the University of St Andrews, noting that elephants are part of an ancient African radiation of animals, including the hyrax (蹄兔）， golden mole (金驢鼠），aardvark (土膝），and manatee (海牛）.What elephants share with humans is (7) _________ they live in an elaborate and complex network in which support, empathy, and help for others are critical for survival.It may be only in (8) _________ a society that the ability to follow pointing has adaptive value, or, more generally, elephant society (9) _________ have selected for an ability to understand when otha's are trying to communicate with them, and they are thus able to work out (10) _________ pointing is about when they see it..]答案：1. reporting 2, as 3, fail 4, when 5, that6, has shown 7, that 8, such 9, may 10, What：(7)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The influence of genes outside the nucleus was known to an earlier generation of field ecologists and crop breeders, said Dan Kliebenstcin, professor in the UC Davis Department of Plant Sciences and Genome Center and senior author (1) _________ the paper published Oct. 8 in the online journal eLife. This is the first time (2) _________ the effect has been quantified (3) _________ a genomic approach, he said.Bindu Joseph, a postdoctoral researcher in Kliebenstein5s lab, and Kliebenstein studied how variation in 25,000 nuclear genes and 200 organellar genes (4) _________ (affect) the levels of thousands of individual chemicals, or metabolites, in leaf tissue from 316 individual Arabidopsis plants.They found that 80 percent of the metabolites (5) _________ (measure) were directly affected by variation in the organellar genes —about the same proportion (6) _________ were affected by variation among the much (7) _________ (large) number of nuclear genes. There were also indirect effects, (8) _________ organellar genes regulated the activity of nuclear genes that in turn affected metabolism.[At first ifs surprising, but at (9) _________ level you almost expect it, Kliebenstein said. These organelles produce energy and sugar for cells, (10) _________ they are very important.答案： 1，on 2, that 3, with 4, affected 5, measured6, that 7, larger 8, where 9, another 10, so(8)~Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Earlier studies have suggested that texting while driving is on a par with (和一样） driving while intoxicated with alcohol as a significantrisk factor for highway accidents. Indeed, some research suggested that texting (1) _________ (slow) driver reaction times more than being drunk. Other studies reinforce the myth of multitasking and show that very few %) people can competently undertake two or (2) _________ (many) tasks at once. Moreover, our brains allow us (3) _________ (focus) completely only on a single task at any given time, so those people demonstrated as multitaskers are simply better at switching seamlessly between two activities. Texting (4) _________ driving is already banned in some countries, (5) _________ (include) the UK for this reason.There seems to be a mentality that use of electronic devices is dangerous (6) _________ everyone but me, the team says. While the US government has introduced a public awareness campaign (7) _________ (base) around the “” web site, the means to correct for such a risky practice as texting while driving is in dispute. The team’s study provides useful evidence (8) _________ (regard) attitudes to this issue.If further research conclusively demonstrates that texting while driving is as dangerous as driving drunk this study suggests that a promotional campaign should be undertaken to assure that this point (9) _________ (understand), the team suggests. Lantz points out that, our study, particularly our measurement of impulsiveness, is exploratory. We have been working (10) _________ (develop) that measurement and it is still a work in progress, he says.<答案：1， slows 2, more 3, to focus 4, while 5, including6, for 7, based 8, regarding 9, is understood 10, to develop，(9)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passagescoherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.New research on the reproductive habits of zebrafish offers an explanation as to why some animals5 bodies repair tissues. The research team previously (1) _________ (notice) that male zebrafish regenerate their pectoral fins (胸鳍）poorly, as (2) _________ (compare) to females. Their latest findings, (3) _________ (publish) in the October 14 issue of the Cell Press journal Developmental Cell, reveal the basis for this sex-specific regenerative deficiency: structures that are used (4) _________ (improve) reproductive success. The scenario represents an example of the tradeoffs (权衡，折衷）between reproduction and survival.(5) _________ (lead) by first author Junsu Kang, the scientists identified anatomical (解-剖的）structures (6) _________ male fish use during mating that produce a signal (7) _________ impedes regeneration of the pectoral fins after injury. As such, fish (8) _________ (appear) to trade an ancient ability to regenerate tissue easily for a new-found way of enhancing reproductive success. This valuable information could help scientists begin to explain (9) _________ humans are less able to regenerate tissue and (10) _________ also be us ed to improve the body’s tissue regenerative capacity..答案：1， noticed 2, compared 3, publishing 4, to improve 5, Led6, that/ which 7, that 8, appear 9, is understood10. to develop{Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Researchers studying young bonobos (倭黑猩猩）in an African sanctuary have discovered striking similarities (1) _________ the emotional development of the bonobos and that of children, suggesting these great apes regulate their emotions in a human-like way. This is important to human evolutionary history (2) _________ it shows the socio-emotional framework commonly applied to children works equally well for apes. Using this framework, researchers can test predictions of great ape behavior and, as in the case of this study, confirm humans and apes (3) _________ (share) many aspects of emotional functioning. Zanna Clay, PliD, and Frans de Waal, PhD, of the Living Links Center at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, conducted the study at a bonobo sanctuary near Kinshasa, (4) _________ capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The results (5) _________ (publish) in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Detailed video analysis of daily social life (6) _________ the sanctuary allowed Clay and de Waal to measure how bonobos handle their own emotions as well as (7) _________ they react to the emotions of others. They found the two were related in that bonobos that recovered quickly and easily from (8) _________ own emotional upheavals (剧变，隆起），(9)_________ (lose) a fight, showed more empathy for their fellow great(10)________ (note) those bonobos more often gave body comfort (kissing, embracing, touching) to those in distress.~答案：1， between 2, Because 3, share 4, the 5, the6, at 7, how 8, appear 9, why 10, could~Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) occurs in the Pacific Ocean but plays an important part in the world’s climate system. Researchers have (1) _________ now been unsure as to how (2) _________ (rise) temperatures would affect ENSO in the future. But this new study suggests that droughts and floods (3) _________ (drive) by ENSO will be more intense.(4) _________ ENSO phenomenon plays a complicated role in the global weather system. The El Nino part of the equation sees a warming of the eastern and tropical Pacific, (5) _________ its cooler sister, La Nina, makes things chillier in these same regions.Like water in a bathtub, the warmer or cooler waters slosh back and forth across the Pacific Ocean. They are responsible for rainfall patterns (6) _________ Australia and the equatoria（赤道的）region, but their effects are also felt much (7) _________ (far) away. During the Northern Hemisphere winter, for example, you can get more intense rainfall over the southern part of the US in a (8) _________ (warm) El Nino phase.For years, scientists have been concerned about how this sensitive weather system (9) _________ be changed by rising temperatures from global warming. Now, in this new paper, published in the journal Nature, researchers (10) _________ (give) their most “robust” projections yet. Using the latest generation of climate models, they found a consistent projection for the future of ENSO.,答案： 1，until 2, rising 3, driven 4, The 5, while6, across 7, further 8, warmer 9, might 10, give(12)~Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word thatbest fits each blank.People like to climb mountains on this festival, so Double Ninth Festival Ls also called “Mountain-climbing Festival”. The 9th lunar month, (1) _________ clear autumn sky and bracing air, is a good time for sightseeing. So people, both ancient (2) _________ present, love to go sightseeing this month.Apart from expelling bad luck and disasters, climbing mounting also indicates “climbing to a (3) _________ (high) position”，and it is also an important reason why ancient people pay much attention about this custom. Another reason (4) _________ climbing mountains are valued by people, especially by the elderly is that is has a meaning of “climb toa longevous life”. Also for this reason people believe that (5) _________ (climb) mountains can make people live a more longevous life.It is really (6) _________ (refresh) to climb mountains and enjoy the beauty of nature at this bright and clear time in autumn. Climbing mountains on Double Ninth Festival was already prevailing in the Tang Dynasty, and a lot of poems were devoted to this custom./Chrysanthemum (7) _________ (originate) in China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the 5th century . Chrysanthemum blossomin the ninth lunar month have a beautiful name of “flower of longevity”. The chrysanthemum flowa- wine is unique in brewing. In ancient times, people usually picked fresh chrysanthemum flowers and leaves on the 9th of the 9th lunar month, and brewed the mixture of them and grains into the wine, (8) _________ would not be drunk until the same day next year.The wine is said to have wholesome effects on sharpness of the eye, alleviation of headache, drop of hypertension, reduction of weight and removal of stomach trouble, thus (9) _________ (contribute) to longevity. It is said that the drinkers of the chrysanthemum wine would be free from evil and have strong physique (10) _________ cold weather.答案： 1， with 2, and 3, higher 4, that 5, climbing6, refreshing 7, originated 8, which 9, contributing10, against、(13)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.The authors examined how discounts influence pleasure-related consumption experiences. They found that discounts generally make consumers happier. But they also found that (1) _________ (pay) a lower price for a product reduces the need to justify the expenditure, (2) _________ causes people to pay less attention during consumption, dampening enjoyment. The relative strength of these opposing forces (3) _________ (depend) on when the product is consumed after payment —right away or after a delay.The authors conducted four experiments involving real spending and consumption, (4) _________ (use) a variety of products (chocolates, music, orange juice) and different durations of consumption delay. In one of the experiments, participants (5) _________ (purchase) one of two types (6) _________ chocolate truffles (松露）at either the regular price of $1 or a discount of 50 cents. Half of (7) participants consumed the chocolate right away, and the other half waited for a week (8) _________ consuming the chocolate. Consumers enjoyed the chocolate less when theyhad to wait a week.！"'Our research provides new insight for better understanding the mixed effects of discounts on sales and loyalty, (9) _________ (offer) an explanation for why discounts may increase sales in the short run, but (10) _________ have negative long-term effects on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty,” the authors conclude.答案： 1， playing 2, which 3, depends 4, using 5, purchased 6, of , 7, the 8, before 9, offering 10, could；(14)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.In the study, researchers looked at a group of about 100 patients with speech and language disorders and noticed many of them were teachers. For a control, they compared them (1) _________ a group of more than 400 Alzheimer’s patients from the Mayo Clinic Study on Aging. Teachers were about times (2) _________ (many) likely to develop a speech and language disorder than Alzheimer's disease. For other occupations, there was no difference (3) _________ the speech and language disorders group and the Alzheimer^ group.(4) _________ compared to the 2008 . census, the speech and language cohorthad a higher proportion of teachers, but it was consistent with the differences (5) _________ (observe) with the Alzheimer^ dementia group.This study has important implications for early detection of progressive speech and language disorders, says Mayo Clinic neurologist, Keith Josephs, ., (6) _________ is the senior author of the study. A largecohort study (7) _________ (focus) on teachers may improve power to identify the risk factors for these disorders. "Teachers are (8) _________ daily communication,” says Dr. Josephs. “It’s a (9)_________ (demand) occupation, and teachers may be more sensitive to (10) _________ development of speech and language impairments (损伤）《答案： 1， to , 2, more 3, between 4, When 5, observed6, who 7, focusing 8, in 9, demanding 10, the^(15)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Shoppers are more likely to buy a product from a different location when a pleasant sound coming from a particular direction draws attention to the item, according to a new study in (1) _________ Journal of Consumer Research. "Suppose that you are standing in a supermarket aisle (通道)，（2) _________ (choose) between two packets of cookies, one placed nearer your right side and the other nearer your left. (3) _________ you are deciding, you hear an in-store announcement from your left, about store closing hours," write authors Hao Shen and Jaideep Sengupta. "Will this announcement, (4) _________ is quite irrelevant (5) _________ the relative merits of the two packets of cookies, influence your decision”]In the example above, most consumers would choose the cookies on the。

语法新题型（一）In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families 1 support. If the Great Depression is any guide, we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate. But this won’t necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run, the Depression weakened American families, and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of the Depression as 2 time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses, By 1932, when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed, the divorce rate 3 (decline) by around 25% from 1929. But this doesn’t mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages. Rather, with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn’t afford to divorce. They feared neither spouse 4 manage alone.Today, 5 (give) the job losses of the past year, 6 (few) unhappy couples will risk 7 (start) separate households. Furthermore, the housing market meltdown will make8 more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.After financial disasters family members also tend to do 9 they can to help each other and their communities. A book—The Unemployed Man and His Family described a family in whi ch the husband initially reacted to losing his job “with tireless search for work.” He was always active, looking for odd jobs 10 (do).Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis, working together and supporting one 11 through the early months of unemployment. Today’s economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples12 relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地)ruined. So it’s only when the economy is healthy again13 we’ll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.1 for2 a3 had declined4 could5 given6 fewer7 starting8 it 9 whatever 10 to do 11 another 12 whose 13 that（二）People are being lured (引诱)onto Facebook with the promise of a fun, free service1 realizing they’re paying for it by giving up toads of personal information. Facebook then attempts to make money by selling their data to advertisers that want to send2 (target) messages.Most Facebook users don’t realize this is happening. Even if they know what the company is up to, they still have no idea 3 they’re paying for Facebook, 4 people don’t really know what 5 personal data is worth.The 6 (big) problem, however, is that the company keeps changing the rules. Early on, you keep everything private. That was the great thing about Facebook you could create own little private network. Last year, the company changed its privacy rules so that many things—your city, y our photo, your friends’ names-were set, by default (默认)to 7 (share) with everyone on the Internet.According to Facebook’s vice-president Elliot Schrage, the company is simply making changes to improve its servi ce, and if people don’t share information, t hey have a “8(satisfying) experience”.Some critics think this is more about Facebook looking to make more money. In original business model, 9 involved selling ads and putting them at the side of the pages totally failed. Who wants to look at ads when they’re online10 (connect) with their friends?The privacy issue has already landed Facebook in hot water in Washington. In April, Senator （议员）Charles Schumer called on Facebook to change its privacy policy. He also urged the Federal Trade Commission 11 (set) guidelines for social-networking sites. “I think the senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear about what the new products were and how people cou ld choose to use them or not to use them,” Schrage admits.I suspect that whatever Facebook has done so far to invade our privacy, it’s only the beginning. Which is 12 I’m considering deactivating(撤销) my account. Facebook is a handy site, 13 I’m upset by the idea that my information is in the hands of people I don’t trust. That’s too high14 price to pay.1 without2 targeted3 what4 because5 their6 biggest7 be shared8 less satisfying 9 which 10 connecting 11 to set 12 why 13 but 14 a十一选十A.budgetB.influenceC.weakD.characterizedE.unstableF.expansionG.steadyH.crisisI.sufficientJ.likelyK.climateThe global economy may be entering a new phase as the year draws to a close. New data suggest some of the uncertainty that has 1 much of 2013 appears to be lifting as a new year begins, though economists are cautious （谨慎的）. Despite steady improvement, U.S. unemployment remains high, Europe’s debt 2 is far from over, and China’s economy continues to slow.As the year ends, more people are finding work in the United States, the economy is growing at the fastest pace in two years and Congress has a new 3 that effectively removes the threat of another costly government shutdown.Barring（排除）another political standoff （僵局）, small business advocate John Arensmeyer sees an improved business 4 in 2014. “Could be a better year than 2013, particularly if we don’t see the ty pe of shenanigans（诡计）we saw with the shutdown.”Across the Pacific, China's economy has slowed after decades of double-digit 5 . But even with a relatively modest outlook of seven percent growth, international economist UriDadush said China continues to exert strong economic 6 in the region. “It’s going to be somewhat slower going forward over the next year or two, but still 7 to pull a large number of countries along,” said Dadush.But while improving demand is likely to benefit countries from Cambodia to Japan, European economies remain 8 . The European Commission says growth will slow in the 18 nations that use the euro - with unemployment likely to inch higher in the new year. Despite recent banking reforms, Dadush said tough austerity（严厉的）measures in countries that received bailouts （紧急援助）continue to weigh on Europe’s economy.“Italy’s in deep trouble, and it’s going to take some years even for the Spains and the Portugals and the Irish to come out of the mess,” said Dadush.Lingering questions also remain about the international impact of the U.S. central bank’s decision to scale back monetary stimulus （刺激）. With prices of raw materials 9 to fall next year, economists say commodity-dependent countries could see their revenues fall. “That includes Brazil, but it also includes Turkey, it includes Hungary, it may include Indonesia, that is also commodity-dependent by the way,” said Dadush.In the Middle East, some of the Arab Spring countries, which remain politically 10 , are expected to experience economic difficulties in 2014. Pinfan Hong, chief of global economic monitoring at the United Nations, said, “Nevertheless, we believe some improvements are building the momentum（趋势，势头）for next year. So we expect the world economy to grow by about three percent for 2014.”C H A K FB IC J E完形填空A bill submitted to China's top legislature for deliberation （审议）aims to allow couples to have two children if either parent is an only child. The suggested 1 of the family planning policy is expected to bring China roughly 13 million more babies in five or six years, top demographers （人口统计学家）said.The new one-child policy is expected to go into 2 in some provincial regions in the first quarter of 2014, said Yang Wenzhuang of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, adding that health and family planning authorities at 3 levels are conducting risk 4 for the policy. They are still calculating the number of such couples and their situations before specific regulations are 5 by provincial peoples' congresses, the official said.The State Council argues adjustment to the policy in the face of a steadily 6 birth rate and changing demographics.The birth rate has remained 7 low and shows a tendency to fall further. The rate has 8 to between 1.5 and 1.6 since the 1990s, which means each Chinese woman of child-bearing age gives birth to 1.5 to 1.6 children on average. The working population began to drop in 2012 by 3.45 million 9 , and it is likely to fall by 8 million each year after 2023."If the current family planning policy 10 , the birth rate will continue to fall and lead to a sharp drop of the total population after reaching a peak," said Li Bin, minister in 11 of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, when briefing law makers."It is the right time to make changes. The low birth rate is stable, the working population still large and the 12 of supporting the elderly remains relatively light," she said.An increase in births is expected if the policy changes but will not seriously affect the food supply, public education, healthcare or employment, Li said. China's food safety and public service schemes are designed to meet the needs of 1.43 billion population in 2020 and 1.5 billion in 2033. 13 with the policy change, the total population will not 14 1.38 billion in 2015, Li said. Family planning must continue, since a large population remains a major obstruction to realizing comprehensive, balanced and 15 development.1. A relaxation B increase C establishment D realization2. A being B existence C force D reality3. A social B various C local D national4. A assessment B investigation C negotiation D discussion5. A proposed B approved C appreciated D estimated6. A growing B declining C remaining D leaping7. A respectively B especially C comparatively D remarkably8. A jumped B fell C changed D dropped9. A averagely B swiftly C slowly D annually10. A resists B reserves C persists D conserves11. A charge B memory C honor D name12. A money B profit C burden D benefit13. A Because C Though C But D Even14. A over B access C assume D exceed15. A substantial B sustainable C considerable D considerate。

高考样题：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

2013年One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he __1__(find) that he has run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much __2__ too little.”His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn’t pay too much, Fat her, but if I can pay less, __3__not save a bit of money?”“That would be a very __4__(reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.Nick’s guests, __5__had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt __6__a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect __7__the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thin g could n’t __8__(possible) destroy a village.”“In th e beginning, there was only __9__very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always __10__(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up to day.”1. found2. nor3. why4. reasonable5. who6. at7. for8. possibly9. a 10. thinking2012年Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, __1__ (wear) sun glasses. He walked in as if he __2__ (buy) the school. And the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.For some reason he sat beside Mary. Mary felt __3__ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. But she quickly realized that it wasn’t her, it was proba bly the fact that she sat in __4__ last row.__5__ he thought he cloud escape attention by sitting at the back, he was wrong. It might have made it a little __6__ (hard) for everybody because it meant they had to turn around, but that didn’t stop the kids i n the class. Of course whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, __7__ made her feel like a star.“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons?” the teacher asked. The new boy shook his head.” “Then I’d appreciate it if you didn’t w ear them in class. I like to look at your eyes when I’m speaking to you.” The n ew boy looked at the teacher __8__ a few seconds and all the other students wondered __9__ the boy would do. Then he took __10__ off, gave a big smile and said “That is cool”.1. wearing2. would buy3. pleased4. the5. Although6. harder7. which8. for9. if/whether 10.them.高考样题：阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

语法2【介词】1. The author received tons of congratulations ______________ his great success in writing.2. Eating a balanced diet and getting adequate sleep are key ________________ maintaining ahealthy and vigorous state of life.3. People who had lived _____________ the horror and suffering of the war began to rebuildtheir nation.4. Books are the most important records we keep ________ man’s thought, ideas andfeelings.5. The company said as well as giving customers faster internet, 4G would also be_________________big benefit to businesses.the north coast.6. The fishermen were illegally arrested just several miles ________overexploited, or seriously destroyed, the ocean, the last great 7. _____________ fish stockspiece of wilderness on this planet, is _____________ serious trouble.8. ___________the many ways illegal immigrants come into the United States every year, thevehicle crammed with crowds seems to be the method of choice lately, however, tragedies such as deaths on the journey to the destination, are sometimes reported nowadays．9. China has made a series of technological advances _______ constructing high-speedrailways.10. You’ll lose appetite if you take too much snack ______ meals.11. Children are ranged ________ order of their performance in the last test.12. "We Chinese people always put empHasis on the friendly relationships the people ofall countries," said the ambassador.13. Scientists are not sure of the potential effects _______ the greenhouse gases on the futureclimate of the earth.14. Some doctors want to examine the impact those marine mammals have _____ t hechildren who had tried dolphin-assisted therapy.15. ______ economy in some European countries worsening, many more workers had to belaid off.16. Larry Walters is__________the relatively few people who have actually turned their dreamsinto reality.17. Mitch tries to strike a balance _____ his work and his family life.【时态语态】1. Did you foresee that so many investors ______ all their money in the stock market? （lose ）A. had lostB. lostC. would loseD. have lost2. All the residents in the area ______ that they move into new flats within three months.A. are advisedB. advisedC. have advisedD. have been advised3. According to a survey, the number of Chinese weibo users ________ 250 million so far thisyear, making China the world's No. 1 weibo-using country.A. has reachedB. reachedC. will reachD. reaches4. World Wildlife Fund's project Earth Hour, which encourages people to turn off the lightforan hour on the last Saturday of every March, ________ to help to create a promising future for the planet.A. is carried outB. carries outC. will carry outD. carried out5. – Do you bring the picture?– Yes, I _____ it for a whole morning.A. looked forB. have looked forC. have been looking forD. had looked for6. ---I hope you will be ready to leave on time.---Don’t worry. I’ll be ready by the time the taxi _______.A. arrivedB. arrivesC. will arriveD. will have arrived7. ---I don’t think our coach knows the real reason for our losing the match.---Well, surprisingly, he does. Our team leader has been called in and now.A. has been questionedB. is being questionedC. is questioningD. has questioned8. Dr. Margaret Chan was eventually selected as the world's top health official and it is thefirst time that a Chinese ________ such a high-ranking U.N. post.A. holdsB. had heldC. will holdD. has held9. People are looking forward to the new, smaller iPad mini that ________ on sale in the comingseason.A. has goneB. will goC. goD. goes10. Even though she much, the woman multimillionaire insists on working as a streetcleanser to set her children a good example.A. doesn’t payB. isn’t paidC. hasn’t paidD. hasn’t been paid11. Every passenger boarding the Titanic filled with confidence that the ship wasunsinkable.A. wasB. had beenC. has beenD. is12. The population of this city, forty percent of which _________, _________ 15% in the last threeyears.A. are Germans, has risen byB. are Germen, has fallen byC. is Germans, have increased toD. is Germans, have been reduced by13. According to a recent survey, 95 percent of women aged between 15 and early 40s______ a doctor once a year, compared to 70 percent of men in the same age group.A. seesB. seeC. sawD. had seen14. — Look! Someone _______ the laptop.—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.A. has repairedB. is repairingC. had repairedD. was repairing15. After the meeting, we went to the supermarket to do some shopping, only to be told thatit _______.A. was being decoratedB. was decoratingC. is being decoratedD. has been decoratingspare any time, for I ______ a 16. I had wanted to help you last night but I couldn’tcomposition which I have to hand in this morning.A. wroteB. was writingC. had writtenD. have written17. Most parents believe that the hard work for their school kids ______ later in their lives.A. has repaidB. has been repaidC. will repayD. will be repaid18. Any spare cash he referred to ________ to more worthy causes.A. has donatedB. having donatedC. has been donatedD. have beendonated19.This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen _____ comfortably.A. is wornB. wearsC. wearD. are worn20.I was trying to pick up my hat that ________ off in the wind, but failed at last.A. had been blownB. is blownC. blownD. it had been blown21. --Could you tell me where you’re working now, Tony?--In the new development zone. But I _______ in a computer company for five years.A. have workedB. had workedC. was workingD. worked22. China _____ at a tremendous rate, an outstanding achievement never seen before, duringthe past two decades.A. developedB. has developedC. is developingD. had been developing23. More than 20 cars of the new type _____ in the first three days after its launch lastSaturday.A. soldB. has soldC. were soldD. has been selling24. – Mike, did you see Mr. Chapman in the office just now?-- Yes, he ______, and he looked a little bit nervous.A. had been interviewedB. interviewedC. was being interviewedD. was interviewed25. Boys and girls, make sure you ______ your names on the test paper before handing themin.A. wroteB. writeC. will writeD. had written26. The low-budget iilm Lost in Thailand just __________ the most bankable Chinese film of alltime.A. is...becomingB. has…becomeC. was...becomingD. did…become27. Although Mo Yan __________ one of the top domestic literature awards before the NobelPrize, he is not the most popular novelist in China.A. entitledB. had entitledC. was entitledD. has been entitled28. Since the 14th and 15th centuries, the Diaoyu Islands _____ in Chinese maps.A. have been includedB. had been includedC. were includedD. would be included29. You may be able to prevent problems if you _____.A. are not preparedB. had preparedC. preparedD. are prepared【代词】1. Some fast developing countr ies around the world don’t care about protecting ______against environmental pollution.A. themselvesB. themC. itD. itself2. According to the research, some people prefer to suffer more stress at work in exchangefor high salary, while ________ are willing to live with little pay.A. allB. othersC. the othersD. none3. The gangs were all dealing drugs, but Bob was _____ who got caught.A. someoneB. oneC. the oneD. anyone4. Knowledge begins to increase as soon as one individual communicates his ideas to_______ by means of speech.A. otherB. anotherC. the otherD. some other5. Instead of having to choose one or the other, we can benefit from ________ of theapproaches.A. everyB. allC. bothD. another6. There is as good as the taste of a fresh apple, especially in the fall.A. nothingB. everythingC. somethingD. none7. Our principal would like to accept _______ of the practical suggestions on how to improvestudents’ lunch.A. eitherB. neitherC. bothD. any8. — You seem busy these days.__ with a garden.—Yes. I’m looking for a house. It’s really not easy to find ____A. thisB. thatC. itD. one9.I need some carbon paper badly, but there is ________ at hand.A. noneB. no oneC. nothingD. not anything10. Scientists found that grasshoppers living beside noisy roads produced songs differentfrom ______ living in quieter areas.A. thatB. oneC. onesD. those11. Cars do cause people some health problems, in fact far more serious _____ thancomputers do.A. oneB. onesC. itD. those12. Of all the clues they provided, ______ is of any help for solving the case of robbery.A. nothingB. neitherC. noneD. no one13. Ice Hockey is a game played between two teams, with six players on the ice.A. eachB. eitherC. allD. neither14. Besides the occasional hotdog, I rarely eat _____ unhealthy.A. nothingB. anythingC. somethingD. none【情态动词】1. According to the new regulations, one ______ pass night driving test for the license.A. needB. canC. mustD. may2. In order to avoid fires or explosions, people ________ not use mobile phones at gas stations.A. mayB. mustC. shallD. need3. – Who _____ be phoning us at this time of night?– It might be your sister.A. mightB. canC. dareD. must4. ---My e-dictionary is nowhere to be found. Who have taken it?---I don’t know. But keep looking and you will find it.A. shouldB. couldC. needD. shall5. They have promised the money collected be handed to the charity house.A. canB. mustC. willD. shall6. Babies given more love and affection by their mothers _______ deal better with stress andanxiety when they grow up.A. needB. mustC. shallD. may7. — Sunny had to give a speech in front of 500 people yesterday.beginning.—Whew! That’s a big audience. She ______ have been nervous at theA. mustB. shouldC. needD. shall8. Often, when he ________ something useful, he wasted his time playing computer games.A. should be doingB. must have doneC. should have been doingD. shall be doing9. - Will you stay for the dinner?-Sorry, _______ . The cookers I bought online will be sent to my house this afternoon.A. I can’ｔB. I mustn’ｔC. I needn’ｔD. I shouldn’ｔ10. It’s up tothe Security Council to decide what measures ____ be taken to restore peace and security.A. canB. shallC. mayD. will11. Actually you _____ the dictionary here. You are not allowed to use it.A. needn’t bringB. needn’t have broughtd to bring D. don’t have to bringC. didn’t nee12. Do you believe drinking a glass of wine every day ______ reduce the danger of heartdiseases?A. couldB. mustC. needD. should13. - I'm so tired. Give me some time to have a short break.-It's Monday today. You ＿＿＿＿＿at weekends.A. ought to have stayed upB. need have stayed upC. might have stayed upD. must have stayed up14. When disaster strikes, you _____ find yourself without water, gas and electricity.A. mightB. mustC. shouldD. will【非谓语动词】(分词)have chance to read many books, but folk stories _____________by local people 1. He didn’t(tell)became the root of Mo Yan’s later writings.2. Over time, overuse of antibiotics（抗生素）leads to bacteria that are resistant to the drugs,_____________ them all the harder to kill. (make)3. ______________ any staircase, I followed a dark passage and it seemed to go on for ever.(not see)4. Unless ______________ to speak, most high school students here prefer remaining silent in class. (invite)5. New house prices in major Chinese cities are continuing to rise, ________________a warming housing market. (signal)of high costs, many Chinese parents insisted on sending their 6. Though ________________high school children abroad to study. (warn)7. Don’t spend time beating on a wall, _____________ to change it into a door. （hope）8. Always remember to get every bit of criticism ____________ between two thick layers of praise. （sandwich）9. The Swedish academy announced in Stockholm on October 11 that Mo Yan would receivethe 2012 Nobel Prize for literature, ________________ him the first Chinese national to winthe award. (make)10. ________________by Taobao 4 years ago, the massive promotion campaign on Nov. 11, Singles' day, has seen the fiercest competition among Chinese online retailers. （initiate, start）11. Though ________ of taking too many risks, the climber continued his challenge.(accuse)12. “Does anybody know the definition of Nerd?”________ the host seated in the front. (ask) A. asked B. asking C. ask D. to ask13. The students, _________________ at the way the questions were put, didn't know theanswers to them. (surprise)14. Prices of daily goods ________________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.(buy)15. He wasn ’t a sked to take on the chairmanshipof the society, ___________________insufficiently popular with all members. (consider)16. ________ from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants andanimals not found in any other country in the world. (separate) 17. The latest research _______________ shows that micro blog is the most popular socialnetworking tool among Chinese netizens. (undertake)18. _______________ several important decisions based on emotion instead of reason, he feltbitterly regretted. （make ）19. A strong earthquake hit New Zealand South Island city of Christchurch, ______________widespread destruction in the city center. (cause)20. Conveniently ______________ in downtown, the hotel is quite popular with visitors to thecity. (locate)21. The disc, digitally ________________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (record)22. ________________ any sign of their daughter's school, the anxious couple turned to apoliceman for help. (not see)23. ________________ her way through the excited crowd in the bookstore, the woman writer issurrounded by a group of admirers. (make)24. We were aware that, ________________ , the situation will get worse. ( if not, deal with)25. ________________ with animals, Pi knows how to keep them under order.（grow up）26. In order to jump, your body changes the chemical energy ______________ in the food youhave eaten into mechanical energy. (store)27. Health management membership fees range from 2,000 yuan ($ 320) to 20,000 yuan ayear _____________ on the level of service. （depend）28. The boy has spent a whole day _____________ in his room. No one knows what he is doing.years, the house designed by an Italian architect finally collapsed. 29. __________________for(neglect)30. Although he has suffered an injury, people keep hoping the world will see Kaka, atalented player,_____ ___________ the game he loves so much. (enjoy)31. _________ on a clear day far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense ofinfinite peace. (walk)(不定式)1. Sherry used a piece of bread _____________ the rat into her trap. (tempt)2. Train stations in China are taking seasonal measures these days________________large numbers oftravelers during the upcoming Spring Festival holiday. (cope with)the speech at the class meeting next week?3. Who would you rather have ______________(deliver)an even greater4. If she accepts this position, she will have no choice but ______________challenge. (meet)5. Don’t let the sadness of your past and the fear of your future _____________ the happinessof your present. (ruin)6. I hope to achieve this objective by calling on the smokers ________________ good judgmentand show concern for others rather than by regulation. (use)7. ________________ his own boss for such a long time, he found it hard to accept orders fromanother. (be)8. Though ______________ of danger, sightseers have been flocking to the site where theworld’s biggest terrorist Bin Laden lived. (warn)9. The media center for the 18th CPC national congress launched its official website________________service to both domestic and overseas press and readers. (offer)out of his awkward10. The village official sponsored the 7-year-old orphan ________situation. (get)the 11. The government will come up with more volunteer projects just _______________volunteer industry. (promote)12. Chinese writer Mo Yan, whose real name is Guan Moye, is the first Chinese citizen______________ the Nobel Prize for Literature. (win)13. Before closing the door to his office, he told his secretary that he was ________________. (disturb)14. Planning a balanced diet ________________trying new and different kinds of foods. (involve)15. A total of 264,302 people in the country were reported _________________ with HIV by theend of last September. (infect)participation in public decision-making, telephone conference calls are 16. ____________widely used. (extend)17. A reporter’stask is to inform readers of the events that happened, ______________ conclusions. (not draw)18. ________ an important position in a big company, Richard has a good chance toimprove himself. (offer)19. Making a proper choice ______________ the future will probably make much difference inour life. (concern)20. - English is hard to learn, isn't it?-I don't think so. ________________ more words and expressions, and you will find it easier to read and communicate. (know)21. The students expected there _____________ more reviewing classes before the final exams. (be)(动名词)1. Activities on the farm range from milking cows to _____________ the chickens to satisfy theneeds of different people. (feed)2. __________________ in Canada rose 1.0 percent in the third quarter of 2012, following a 0.1 percentincrease in the previous quarter. (tourist spend)3. ______________ once every two years, whether it is a car, a bus or a lorry, is the rule that alldrivers must obey in our country. (examine)4. “My dear friends, let us build our class, a team ever looking forward _____________ the full（realize）potential of all its members,” said our monitor.5. Almost every one of the graduates wants to deliver the keynote speech at thegraduation ceremony, because for the speaker, _______________is an honour. (invite)6. I remember ______________ Mike for advice since he is regarded by many as a good adviser.（ask）shoppers with a huge variety of choices for every shopping experience 7. ________________distinguishes online shopping from other forms of purchase. （provide）8. To avoid _____________ off, you should be prepared to state how your contributions willbenefit the company. (lay)9. We have found out the old in the village ________. (require care for) （需要被关爱）10. It can never be denied that with a big family results in his quitting school. （burden）11. _______________ our life goals will guide us to a bright future, without which we may wasteour lifetime. (set)a balance of the Internet media and school work for12. For many parents, ______________their children has been a big issue. (keep)13. He fell into the couch and turned on the TV, unaware of ________ being a snake lyingnear his feet.A. itB. thereC. thatD. one14. ________________ well in an interview made him lose the position in that company. (not do)15. News of the World was gone, shut down after _____ in the biggest newspaper scandal everto hit Britain. (catch)【定语从句】1. Today’s college is appropriate as a setting for a society,_____________ its members mustacquire and manage knowledge from a wide variety of sources．2. The scientists have made an exhaustive study of the virus ________________ many people have been infected.3. The Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded annually to an author from anycountry _________________ has produced "in the field of literature the most outstandingwork in an ideal direction".he was in crashed into a truck from the 4. Donald survived when the car ______________opposite side.5. A Chinese basketball team employed the former NBA superstar Tracy Macready thisyear, ________ encouraged the whole team and the fans.6. Life is a hospital _____________ every patient is possessed by the desire to change his bed.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whose7. My grandfather, _____________ is often the case with old people, is fond of talking aboutgood old days.works were based on his experience in his birth place, was8. Mo Yan, many of ________awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature 2012.9. I can think of many cases _________________ students obviously knew a lot of English wordsand expressions but couldn't write a good sentence.10. A lot of lovers chose to get married on Dec. 12, 2012, _______________ the date, the monthand the year match.11. Microblog is a platform ______________ people can express their thoughts, show their dailylife and communicate with each other by sending post.12. I kept getting mysterious phone calls _______________ the caller would hang up as soon as Ianswered.13. In Canada, cross country skiing is a popular sport among people ______________ they canenjoy excitement and adventure.14. Funny animals is a term used in comics and animated cartoons ________________the animals are given human characteristics.15. Our math teacher set such a hard test problem _____________ none of us could work out theother day.16. Being from a family _____________ produced great actors, it’s no wonder that she quicklyfound her way into the spotlight.may result in global warming, is a17. Decreasing the greenhouse effect, ________________complicated problem facing the whole world.18. Lucy has many positive personality features _____________ make her popular at school.【状语从句】___ y ou start with one small positive thing during your day, you’ll begin to1. ____________move into a more positive situation.A. Even ifB. In caseC. As long asD. As far as2. In a way, privacy is like health _________ people don't value it until they lose it.A. becauseB. owing toC. so thatD. in case3. Larry Walters' story is true, ________________ you may find it hard to believe.A. sinceB. even thoughC. as ifD. if4. Owing to the level of the damage to factories and infrastructure, it will be weeks oreven months ________________ the country’s supply chain returns to normal.A. thatB. beforeC. whenD. since5. Innovation is a natural desire of the human mind to develop variety,________________activity is involved.A. no matter whenB. howeverC. whateverD. no matter which6. Tears of joy and happiness came to my eyes _____ we won the first prize in the sportsmeeting.A. whileB. asC. unlessD. before7. I was advised to arrange for insurance _____ I needed some medical treatment.A. so thatB. in caseC. even ifD. as though8. She came up with several ideas about the house decoration ______ a fantastic one poppedinto her mind.A. untilB. beforeC. sinceD. unless9. Any athlete will be punished if found to use stimulant, ________ famous he is in the sportsfield.A. in spite ofB. whateverC. no matter howD. although10. The success of the movie series Bourne Identity shows that a good director should holdthe audience' curiosity ________ the story reaches the end.A. unlessB. whileC. untilD. because11. A man can fail many times, but he isn’t a failure _____ he begins to blame somebody else.A. evenB. untilC. in caseD. once12. _____ difficult explorations are, humans have never stopped moving forward.A. WhileB. DespiteC. AsD. However13. John was so disappointed when Susan turned down his proposal ________ he decided tostay single for the rest of his life.A. thatB. asC. whereD. since14. Everything was placed exactly ________ he wanted it for cooking the big meal.A. whileB. whereC. whenD. though15. I always prefer to start early leave everything to the last minute.A. in additionB. in caseC. or elseD. rather thanI put on the parachute and was pulled off the beach.16. I couldn’t help feeling greatA. even thoughB. whetherC. whileD. the moment17. The word ‘positive energy’is becoming more than common in newspapers andmagazines _______ you could notice.A. beforeB. sinceC. whenD. after18. Tell your doctor with a detailed medical history ______ he can give you the accuratetreatment.A. even ifB. so thatC. in caseD. as though19. School killing cases in the U.S. will continue ______ severer laws are passed over thecontrol of guns.A. unlessB. whetherC. becauseD. since20. ______ it is hoped that college students should be equipped with the ability to take a goodset of notes, this is not always the case.A. WhileB. WhenC. AsD. Unless21. I thought we agreed to talk to each other ________ making any major decisions.A. beforeB. thoughC. sinceD. unless22. I was halfway back to hospital where the doctor was working ________ Susan caught upwith me.A. whileB. untilC. whenD. though23. No matter how ________ , you can find something animate, a kind of plant, an animal orhuman being.A. may a desert be dryB. a desert dry may beC. dry a desert may beD. a desErt may be dry24. The Premier says that bilateral relations will grow smoothly and steadily both countriesfollow the principle contained in the Joint documents.A. as far asB. thoughC. unlessD. as long as25. -- How long do you think it will be ______ the bus arrives here?-- No more than five minutes.A. whenB. beforeC. sinceD. after26. The young man knew following others never made a unique writer, _______ he did imitatehis idols in his very early works.A. asB. ifC. whileD. although27._______ performing business is by no means easy to get into, still many people are eager toenter this profession.A. WhenB. WhileC. AsD. Since28. In extreme weather, a worn tyre c an break easily ______ it’s mended, as is often the case.A. whenB. whereC. whichD. that29. There’s little privacy _____ you have to share a room with a family member.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. how30. Shannon will continue to bother you with phone calls _____ you help her.A. as ifB. as far asC. untilD. as soon as【名词性从句】a lot of people are wearing jeans to1. Nowadays, you’ll notice a phenomenon _____________concerts.____________ they will listen to my excuse.2. Believe it or not, I’m not interested in ____3. Online education forces colleges to focus on the rest of the learning processes, whichis________________ the real value lies.4. Of course, the fact _____________ misguided forms of dieting result in so many problemsdoes not mean that no dieting is safe.iterature, believes reading is ______________first5. Mo Yan, this year’s Nobel Prize winner in Ltriggered his imagination and gave him a way with words.6. The news quickly spread ________________China has successfully launched another mannedspaceship.cher has a point about _____________ you failed!7. You didn’t study for your test, so your tea8. The government has promised to do ________________lies in its power to relieve the hardships of the victims in the snow-stricken area.the number of people9. According to the survey, the result is shocking ________________living alone has risen.10. People generally think that fairness and justice are at the centre of ______________ they arestriving for.their only son is behaving worse and worse11. It worries the couple a lot ______________these days.12. ________ golf was first played in Scotland in the 15th century is generally agreed.13. She began to cook the meal, briefly wondering ________ her own household was copingwithout her.。