三级语法考点归纳
一．虚拟语气
1. if 句中虚拟形式
if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：
条件从句主句
与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do
与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do
与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done
例句
If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.
If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.
2. 原形虚拟：
a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。
suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do
例如He suggested that we should leave early.
My suggestion is that we should tell him.
b. It is (was) 形容词/名词that …… (should) do/
例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.
3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：
1. It’s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) …动词过去时…
例如It’s time we left.例如It is time we went to bed.
2 would rather/sooner 宁愿
as if/ though 好像
would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反
as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反
4．练习
1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.
A. will；am
B. should；am
C. would；were
D. would；had been
2. If it _______ not for the water，the plants _______live.
A. were；would not
B. is；could not
C. were；could
D. did；could not
3. If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.
A. have not had；could not become
B. had not had；would not have
become
C. did not have；could not become
D. doesn’t have；will not become
4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.
A. might have been killed；hadn’t come
B. will be killed；didn’t come
C. may be killed；did’t come
D. could be killed；haven’t come
5. If it _______for your help，I _______that hard time with so little money.
A. were not；would not spend
B. is not；can not spend
C. had not been；would not have spent
D. have not been；will not spend
6. Where _______ you go if war _______?
A. will；breaks out
B. do；will break out
C. would；were to break out
D. will；is to break out
7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.
A. doesn’t do
B. didn’t do
C. haven’t done
D. hadn’t done
8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.
A. can be
B. be
C. is
D. will be
9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.
A. should go
B. must go
C. goes
D. went
10. It is time we _______do our homework.
A. begin to
B. can begin to
C. began to
D. will begin to
答案：
1.选C。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设) (译文; 如果我是你，我会再试一次)
2选A。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)。(译文：要是没有水，植物就不能存活。)
3.选B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。
4 A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。(译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。)
5. C。与过去事实相反的假设。(译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的。)
6.选C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。(译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去？)
7.选D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。(译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。)
8. 选B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。(译文：主席建议会议延期举行。)
9. 选A。虚拟语气用于主语从句(It is ／was + 形容词+ that 引导的分句)。
10. 选C。虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time (that)...句型。(译文：我们该开始做作业了。)
