2013年12月大学英语四级改革新题型段落翻译题

大学英语四级新题型“段落翻译”探析作者：张英萍来源：《考试周刊》2014年第07期摘要：从2013年12月开始，大学英语四级考试中的翻译题部分发生了巨大改革，由原来完成句子翻译改为整个段落的翻译，此改革表明原来的知识型考核转为能力型考核。

因此了解其变化和要求，掌握一定的翻译技巧具有重要意义。

关键词：段落翻译新题型翻译技巧从2013年12月开始，大学英语四级考试中的翻译题部分发生了巨大改革，由原来完成句子翻译改为整个段落的翻译，此改革表明原来的知识型考核转为能力型考核。

这对于很少练习翻译的考生来说很可能会成为失分的地方，因此了解其变化和要求，掌握一定的翻译技巧具有重要意义。

一、变化原四级翻译只是单纯地完成句子，相对来说，简单得多，只要观察判断整个句子，然后根据所学英语知识中的句型结构、语法，翻译给出的汉语，就能完整准确地完成句子。

但现在则改为段落翻译，具体变化如下：1.其分值比例由原来的5%调整为15%。

2.考试时长由原来的5分钟调整为30分钟。

3.内容：涉及中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。

4.要求：四级长度为140～160个汉字。

5.评分标准。

二、特点与要求以前的大学英语四级考试大纲中并未将翻译作为一个独立技能考核，翻译部分主要考核学生运用正确词汇和语法结构的能力，反映在题型上只是根据给出的英语句子和汉语内容完成句子。

现在由单句翻译改为段落翻译，其内容涉及中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展等，明显提高了对翻译能力的要求，从对知识“点”的考查转变为对知识“面”的考查，这不仅要求考生按照英语语言结构与思维翻译出整个段落，而且对学生的考核要求也相应拓宽、加深了，不再单一考查学生所学的词汇和语法基础等英语知识，而是考查学生对中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展、风俗习惯等的学习和了解；考查学生对合理拆分、组合句子，将汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力；考查学生对翻译技巧与方法的掌握。

总之，改革后的段落翻译是对学生进行英语知识、翻译能力、中国文化的学习等多方位、多层面的考查。

2013 年12 月：段落翻译：试卷二：中餐【真题原文】许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。

精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。

但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nUtntion)。

由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以屮餐既味美又健康。

【翻译答案】MOSt PeOPIe Iike Chinese food. InChina, COOking is ConSidered as not only a Skill but also an art. The WelI-PrePared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. AlthOUgh COOking methods and food ingredient Vary WiIdly in different PIaCeS Of China, it is COmmOn for good CUiSine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. SinCe food is CrUCial to health, a good Chef is inSiStentIy trying to Seek balance between Cereal) meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as WeIl as healthy.试卷二：信息技术【真题原文】信息技术(InfOrmatiOn Technology),正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。

一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。

1. 挖掘考点：由样题可以看出，翻译题越来越重视中国的历史、文化，也就是越来越接地气。

所以，建议考生有意识的积累和背诵一些和中国节日、历史事件、经济和社会发展相关的词汇。

关注以反映中国社会为主的一些英文杂志和报纸。

例如中国日报及其网站。

大家每天看看网站中头条新闻，配合中文新闻的背景，就可以学到很多表达。

推荐一个中国日报网站下面的一个小栏目：language tips，有大量简单实用的双语文章。

2. 实战演练：【汉译英1】波士顿咨询公司最近做的一项研究显示，到2020年中国将会有2.2亿家庭收入在2万到100万美元的富裕消费者。

这些消费者中75%住在“较小城市”。

随着网络的发展，较小城市的消费者的一种必然趋势是他们更加依赖社交网络服务上的信息。

很多网络顾客都是通过微信、微博和QQ空间分组的。

据估计今年中国将会有2.5亿消费者进行网购，位于四线城市的消费者平均每人会花费他们50%或者更高的工资在网购上，这一数据要比一线城市的消费者的花费高。

【参考译文】A recent study conducted by the Boston Consulting Group says there will be 220 million affluent consumers, who are from households earning between $ 20,000 to $ 1 million, in China by 2020, and 75 percent of them will live in “smaller” cities. With the development of the Internet, an inevitable trend among these consumers is they are much more dependent on information from social networking services. Many of the website’s customers are “grouped” by Wechat, Weibo and QQ Zones. It is now estimated that 250 million Chinese consumers will shop online this year and the average shopper in a fourth-tier city in China will spend 50 percent or more of their income on e-commerce than those in top-tier cities.【汉译英2】聘金是中国传统习俗的一部分。

1、为了切实保护儿童权益，中国的立法、司法、政府各有关部门以及社会团体都建立了相应的机制，以监督、实施和促进保护儿童事业的健康发展。

// 中国政府动员社会采取多种方式关心和帮助残疾儿童的成长，大力弘扬残疾儿童自强不息的精神，倡导团结、友爱、互助的道德风尚。

// 中国民族素有“携幼”，“爱幼”的传统美德，中国古语“有无有以及人之幼”了流传至今。

// 我们要在全社会倡导树立“爱护儿童、教育儿童、为儿童做表率、为儿童办实事”的公民意识，并努力为儿童事业的发展创造良好的社会条件。

//To effectively protect children’s rightsand interests, china’s legislation, judicial and government departmentsconcerned as well as non-governmental organizations have set up correspondingmechanisms to supervise, facilitate and promote the healthy development of thework on protecting children.// The Chinese government has done a great deal tomobilize various circles in society to care for, in various manners , thedevelopment of disabled children, to greatly encourage the spirit of unceasingself-improvement among physically disadvantaged children and to advocate thevalued social virtues of unity, friendship and mutual aid.// The Chinese nationhas long cultivated the traditional virtues of “bring up the young” and caringfor the young”. An old Chinese saying that “love our children and love others’children in the same manner” is still very popular.// We should urge thesociety at large to raise the awareness of importance of “protecting andeducating children, and setting a good example and doing practical thing forchildren”. We will spare no efforts to create favorable social conditions forthe progress of child development programs.//2、中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放，这对海外企业（enterprises）意味着更多的商机。

第一张Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks。

You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage。

Read the passage through carefully before making your choices。

Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter， Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once。

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage。

What does it take to be a well—trained nurse? The answer used to be two—year associate's or four—year bachelor’s degree programs。

But as the nursing shortage 36 , a growing number of schools and hospitals are establishing ”fast—track programs" that enable college graduates with no nursing 37 to become registered nurses with only a year or so of 38 training。

2013年12月大学英语四级改革新题型翻译题：（1）在我的生活里，我也尝试过很多次试着放手。

虽然，学会放手不会减轻生活里的伤痛或是改变什么，也不会让你的情绪得以发泄，也许你仍然会被生活所困。

然而，富有同情心是一种释放。

会让你和感受到你同情心的人得到精神上的洗礼。

当你对一切都富有同情心时，你会发挥自己最大潜力。

你也会在生活中觉得自己有无限的正能量。

（2）关于吃月饼这个传统的来历有两个传说。

一个是唐朝的神话故事，说的是当时地球被10个太阳包围着。

有一天10个太阳同时出现在天空中，巨大的热量几乎把地球烤焦了。

多亏一位名叫后羿的神箭手射下了9个太阳，地球才被保住。

为了奖励后羿，王母娘娘赐给后羿一种长生不老药，但是王母警告他必须正当使用。

然而后羿没有理会王母娘娘的警告，他被名利冲昏了头脑，变成了一个暴君。

后羿美丽的妻子嫦娥对他的暴行再也不能袖手旁观，于是她偷走了后羿的长生不老药，飞到月亮上逃避后羿的狂怒。

从此就有了关于月宫仙子嫦娥，这个月亮上的美丽女人的传说。

（3）和平稳定是发展的前提和基础。

上个世纪，人类经历了两次世界大战，生灵涂炭，经济社会发展遭受严重挫折。

第二次世界大战结束以来，世界经济能够快速增长，主要得益于相对和平稳定的国际环境。

我们应该恪守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，充分发挥联合国及其安理会在维护和平、缔造和平、建设和平方面的核心作用。

坚持通过对话和协商，以和平方式解决国际争端。

我们应该坚持国家不论大小、强弱、贫富都是国际社会平等一员，以民主、包容、合作、共赢的精神实现共同安全，做到一国内部的事情一国自主办、大家共同的事情大家商量办，坚定不移奉行多边主义和国际合作，推进国际关系民主化。

（4）总结一年来的工作，我们清醒地看到，经济社会发展中还存在不少问题和困难。

必须坚持把人民群众利益放在第一位。

要切实维护人民群众的经济、政治和文化权益，着力解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题，保障城乡困难群众的基本生活。

不断满足人们日益增长的物质文化需要，是社会主义现代化建设的根本目的。

2013年12月【翻译原文一】信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。

一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。

另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。

不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。

【参考译文一】With full speed development of the information technology, Chinese citizens pay more and more attention to it. Some schools even take the information technology as a required course. For this phenomenon, different people have different opinion. Some people argue that it is not necessary to do this since the traditional courses are supposed to be learned. While some others hold the opposite view, they believe that China should keep pace with the times. No matter how, it is a good thing that information technology has drawn attention of the people.【参考译文二】As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people hold different views. Some people think it is not necessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern.------------------------------------------------------------【翻译原文二】“你要茶还是咖啡?”是用餐人常被问到的问题。

作文部分：范文一： The modern technology has greatly altered the mode of communication among people. With the help of the Internet, people can easily contact each other anytime anywhere. However, the side effect is that many people have become over-dependent on the Internet and neglected face-to-face communication.As far as I'm concerned, electronic communication cannot fully replace the direct contact among people. Although it seems to bring everyone together, it actually estranges people and decreases the effectiveness of communication. A typical example is that, traditionally, people working in the same office simply walk to others and talk. Today, however, co-workers tend to send e-mails or instant messages through the Internet even when they are sitting next to each other. As words can never convey the full message, it usually takes much more time and rounds of conversation than face-to-face communication, in which people can discuss more directly with less loss of information.To conclude, the Internet enables more effective communication in some situations, but over-dependence on it actually pulls people apart.范文二：It is frequently observed that many people keep looking down at their mobile phones whatever they are doing. It is true that mobile phones have brought great convenience to us as we can send short messages, check e-mails, surf the Internet, or watch videos almost anywhere. However, the overuse of mobile phones also leads to some serious problems.The over-dependence on mobile phones can harm the relationship among friends and family. With mobile phones, people do not talk as much as before. For example, sometimes at dinner tables, instead of chatting and laughing with each other, many people choose to chat with other friends online. In other words, mobile phones help people contacting friends far away more easily at the expense of reducing the communication with those who are sitting right next to them.In conclusion, mobile phone can be a useful tool in modern life, but overusing it damages interpersonal relationship. There is no point to lose our intimacy with friends and family to modern technology.范文三：The impact of the Internet on learningExplain why education doesn’t simply mean learning to obtain informationIn the age of knowledge explosion, the Internet opens a magical portal for leaners to get access to seemingly incessant information. But is information equal to knowledge? “Once I learn how to use google, isn't that all the education I really need?” This question fully embodies the prejudiced opinion that as long as people acquire abundant information, they will get proper education.The rea son why education doesn’t simply mean learning to obtain information is that education is not limited to the hard facts or theories students can learn from their textbooks or the Internet. It relates to a wider scope ranging from the obtainment of practical skills to the development of characters, which are hard for students to learn simply by googling. Consequently, comprehensive learning in schools that includes learning knowledge, conducting experiments and communicating with peers is what true education is.In a word, the Internet does provide valuable information for learners, but people should be fully conscious of the essence of education and learn to tell the right from the wrong.听力部分：1. C. Consult a travel agent.2. A. They are on a long trip by car.3. C. He is unwilling to speak in public.4. B. Purse further education.5. A. He would not be available to start the job in time.6. B. Mechanic.7. D. Ask Laura to put off the cleaning until another week.8. A. A problem caused by the construction.9. C. To place an order for some products.10. A. The person in charge is not in the office.11. B. 0734, 21653 extension 51.12. B. Since he took to heavy smoking.13. A. He is getting too fat.14. D. They dislike doing physical exercise.15. C. To find a girlfriend.16-19音频无。