新编英语语法教程讲
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新编英语语法教程第11讲
began the class.
5.我多么希望你也在这里和我们在一起. A: How I wish you were here with us. 6.Jane 告诉我,你明年即将进大学. A: Jane told me you were going into the college. 7.罗马建成非一日之功. A: Rome was not built in a day.
• • • • • • • • • • •
Exercise 11A 1. 滴水穿石。 A: Patience wears out stones. 2. 骄必败。 A：Pride goes before a fall. 3。事实胜于雄辩。 A： Facts speak louder than words. 4。一燕不成夏。 A： One swallow doesn’t make a summer. 5。长江流入东海。 A：Changjiang flows into the East China Sea.
class. • 11. 我们的公司并非总是高额赢利. • A: Our company does not always make high profits.
• • • • •
• • • • • • •
12. 母亲通常不在早晨喝咖啡. A: My Mum usually doesn’t have coffee in the morning. 13. 她几乎从严不在午夜之前就寝. A: She hardly ever goes to bed before mid-night. 14. Arizona州首府凤凰城( Phoenix) 天气很干燥；几 乎不下雨。 A: Phoenix, the captital of Arizona, is dry and it hardly rains. 15. 星期日我父母很少去做礼拜. A: My parents seldom go to church on Sunday. 16. 地球围绕太阳转. A: The Earth moves around the Sun. 17. 印度位于中国迤南. A: India lies to the south o• •
5.我多么希望你也在这里和我们在一起. A: How I wish you were here with us. 6.Jane 告诉我,你明年即将进大学. A: Jane told me you were going into the college. 7.罗马建成非一日之功. A: Rome was not built in a day.
• • • • • • • • • • •
Exercise 11A 1. 滴水穿石。 A: Patience wears out stones. 2. 骄必败。 A：Pride goes before a fall. 3。事实胜于雄辩。 A： Facts speak louder than words. 4。一燕不成夏。 A： One swallow doesn’t make a summer. 5。长江流入东海。 A：Changjiang flows into the East China Sea.
class. • 11. 我们的公司并非总是高额赢利. • A: Our company does not always make high profits.
• • • • •
• • • • • • •
12. 母亲通常不在早晨喝咖啡. A: My Mum usually doesn’t have coffee in the morning. 13. 她几乎从严不在午夜之前就寝. A: She hardly ever goes to bed before mid-night. 14. Arizona州首府凤凰城( Phoenix) 天气很干燥；几 乎不下雨。 A: Phoenix, the captital of Arizona, is dry and it hardly rains. 15. 星期日我父母很少去做礼拜. A: My parents seldom go to church on Sunday. 16. 地球围绕太阳转. A: The Earth moves around the Sun. 17. 印度位于中国迤南. A: India lies to the south o• •
外教社新编英语语法教程(第6版)PPT课件Unit 26
提示 可译为“既…又…”。
重难点解析
26.2 比较结构
26.3 关于比较结构 用法的补充说明
（3）基本用法三：两个不同主语就不同方面进行比较。 即主语不同，比较项目也不同。
e.g. One is as light as the other is heavy. ——两个物体就轻重作比较。 （一个轻，而另一个重。）
It was by far the worst speech he had ever made. That was much the best meal I have ever tasted.
提示 注 意 very 和 much 修 饰 最 高 级 时 ， 位 置 稍 有 不 同 。 如 “They wanted the very best quality.”。
An oxygen atom is about 16 times heavier than a hydrogen atom. （氧原子重量大约是氢原子重量的16倍。/ 氧原子比氢 原子大约重15倍。）
Its profits are rising four times faster than the average company. （其利润正以一般公司4倍的速度快速增长。）
重难点解析
26.2 比较结构
26.3 关于比较结构 用法的补充说明
1 as … as结构
1. 基本模式： as + 形容词或副词原级 + as-分句 否定式： not as / so + 形容词或副词原级 + as-分句
（1）基本用法一：两个不同的主语就同一方面进行比较。 即主语不同，比较项目相同。
Of the two boys John behaves (the) more politely. Oxford is the older university of the two.
重难点解析
26.2 比较结构
26.3 关于比较结构 用法的补充说明
（3）基本用法三：两个不同主语就不同方面进行比较。 即主语不同，比较项目也不同。
e.g. One is as light as the other is heavy. ——两个物体就轻重作比较。 （一个轻，而另一个重。）
It was by far the worst speech he had ever made. That was much the best meal I have ever tasted.
提示 注 意 very 和 much 修 饰 最 高 级 时 ， 位 置 稍 有 不 同 。 如 “They wanted the very best quality.”。
An oxygen atom is about 16 times heavier than a hydrogen atom. （氧原子重量大约是氢原子重量的16倍。/ 氧原子比氢 原子大约重15倍。）
Its profits are rising four times faster than the average company. （其利润正以一般公司4倍的速度快速增长。）
重难点解析
26.2 比较结构
26.3 关于比较结构 用法的补充说明
1 as … as结构
1. 基本模式： as + 形容词或副词原级 + as-分句 否定式： not as / so + 形容词或副词原级 + as-分句
（1）基本用法一：两个不同的主语就同一方面进行比较。 即主语不同，比较项目相同。
Of the two boys John behaves (the) more politely. Oxford is the older university of the two.
新编英语语法教程 教案 章振邦(上)精编版
教案新编英语语法教程章振邦2016——2017学年度第二学期本课程教学总体安排课程名称：商务英语语法与词汇课程性质与类型：限选课总学时28、学分：2教学目的与要求：1）开设此课，旨在让学生系统学习和掌握各类语法现象，并且学以致用，活学活用，力求避免在使用英语词汇的过程中出现语法错误。
2）帮助学生理解和掌握各类语法现象所使用的规则，以便他们在以后的专业四级考试和工作中恰当地运用英语语法。
3）扩大学生的商务英语词汇量。
教材及参考书目：《新编英语语法教程》章振邦《实用英语语法详解》薄冰《高级英语语法详解》全建强考核方式及成绩计算方法：笔试总成绩=平时成绩X30％ + 考试成绩X70％课程教学日历课程名称：商务英语语法与词汇授课学期：2016—2017学年第一学期第1讲教学安排的说明章节题目：句子结构学时分配：2本章教学目的与要求：谓结构和句子分析基本句型课堂教学方案课题名称、句子结构授课时数：2 授课类型：理论课教学方法与手段：讲授、讨论、指导教学目的的要求：1谓结构和句子分析 2基本句型教学重点、难点：1谓结构和句子分析 2基本句型教学内容及组织安排：1主谓结构和句子分析（1）主语和谓语分句按其逻辑意义，通常分为主语和谓语两大部分。
英语在其长期发展中形成一种相对固定的句子结构：“主语+谓语”的结构。
主语是句子的话题，是信息传递的出发点；谓语是对话题所作的说明，是说话人所要传递的信息。
试观察下列诸句：主语谓语China is a great socialist country．中国是一个伟大的社会主义国家。
Marxism-Leninism is a universally applicable truth．马克思列宁主义是放之四海而皆准的真理。
The students have English lessons twice a week．学生们每星期上两堂英语课。
Hans doesn't seem to be taller than Peter．汉斯似乎并不比彼得高。
新编英语语法教程讲
9.
exaggeration
10. measurement 11. purity
12.
persistence
13. extension
14. statement
15.
generosity
第5页/共27页
II. Number forms of nouns
1. Regular and irregular plural a) Regular plural (p.p. 42-44) b) Irregular plural (p.p. 44-45)
类别
定义
例词
按 构 词 法
按 词 汇 意 义
按语 法特 征
简单名词 复合名词
派生名词
普 个体名词 通 集体名词 名 物质名词 词 抽象名词
专有名词
可数名词 单数式 复数式
不可数名词
包含一个自由词素的名词 由两个或两个以上自由词 素合成的名词 由动词、形容词、简单 名词+词缀构成的名词
man, chair, land, ship armchair, farmland, seaside, roommate arrangement, expectation, ability, greatness
“What a mess!” she said,
若要计数，就 得使用语义上 与之对应的个
体名词
He joined in the laughter.
with a laugh.
He looked shocked, then This scene gets one of the
burst into laughter.
2）“of + 名词” 格：用于无生命的名词之后，作该名词的 后置定语。 （参见 b) ， p. 55）
《新编英语语法教程》PPT课件
Special lecture notes
Ù 6.月球上没有水。
Special lecture notes
Ù A： There is no water on the moon.
Ù 7. 夏威夷气候从来不冷. Ù A: It is never cold in Hawaii.
Ù 8. 在巴黎，五月份天气并非总是美好；有时多雨。 In Paris, the weather is not always nice; it rains a lot
的从句当中
Ù They were leaving a few days later.
Ù He told me to wake him up if he was sleeping. Ù 4) 表示现在时间和将来时间里的动作 Ù A) 委婉的语气
Ù I was wondering if you’d like to come out with me. Ù B) 主观臆想
Ù I hear poor old Mrs Yang has lost her son.
Ù 附特殊用法: Ù A) 表达某种情绪
Special lecture notes
Ù I happen to drop in on her once and you make such an issue of it.
Ù A:
Ù 15. 星M期y p日ar我ent父s se母ldo很m少go去to做ch礼urc拜h o.n Sunday.
Ù A: Ù 16. 地T球he 围Ear绕th太mo阳ve转s ar.ound the Sun.
Ù A:
India lies to the south of China.
18. 泰晤士河流经伦敦。
《新编英语语法教程》1-3
句 子 成 分 主 主 语
定
义
常用词类或表现形式
名词、代词、数词、名词化的其 他词类、不定式、动名词、分句 单个/并列实意动词或短语动词 情态动词+原形动词 系动词+主语的表语（名词、代 词、数词、形容词、副词、介词 短语、非谓语动词、从句） 不及物动词come, go, leave, arrive, return, rise, die, live 等 + 名词、形容词或分词 名词、代词、数词、名词化的其 他词类、不定式、动名词、分句
Questions and answers based on the introduction to English Grammar
Lecture 1
Sentence Structure
( p.p.13—21)
I. Clause elements
Subject (p.13) Predication (p.13) Predicate verb Object (direct object, indirect object, complex object) Complement (subject complement, object complement) Predicative Adverbial Attributive/ Attribute Appositive e.g. S1: Henry is the most studious in the class. S4: Jennie’s paintings were judged inferior to Wanda’s. The experts judged Jennie’s paintings inferior to Wanda’s.
要 成 分 谓 语
新编英语语法教程第16讲
be mobilized at once.
? 4. 董事会决定任命约翰逊为总经理 . ? A:The board decided that Johnson be appointed
general manager.
? 5. 如果我是你,我会勇敢地正视这一问题 .
? A: If I were you, I would face up to the problem.
? 6. 假如我身体好一些 ,我早就离开这里了 . ? A:
If I were in better health, I would have long left this place.
? 7. 我非常不愿意眼看他犯错误 .
? A: Far be it from me to see him make a mistake.
?C) 用在一些形容词后的真实主语 从句中.如形容词:advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper等.
?It is essential that all the facts be examined first.
you took a rest. ?It's high time we left this place.
?B) I would rather/ sooner that… ?I would rather she got home a little
earlier. ?I'd rather he told me the truth. ?I would rather he had been present. ?C) If only… ?If only I knew her address.
? 4. 董事会决定任命约翰逊为总经理 . ? A:The board decided that Johnson be appointed
general manager.
? 5. 如果我是你,我会勇敢地正视这一问题 .
? A: If I were you, I would face up to the problem.
? 6. 假如我身体好一些 ,我早就离开这里了 . ? A:
If I were in better health, I would have long left this place.
? 7. 我非常不愿意眼看他犯错误 .
? A: Far be it from me to see him make a mistake.
?C) 用在一些形容词后的真实主语 从句中.如形容词:advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper等.
?It is essential that all the facts be examined first.
you took a rest. ?It's high time we left this place.
?B) I would rather/ sooner that… ?I would rather she got home a little
earlier. ?I'd rather he told me the truth. ?I would rather he had been present. ?C) If only… ?If only I knew her address.
新编英语语法教程 第40讲 从句到篇
从句到篇前面39讲主要解决语法结构特别是句子结构问题，其中虽也涉及句子在一定上下问中的使用，但主要讲的是词组结构和句子结构，基本上没有越出词法的范围。
最后一讲谈一谈句子在语篇中的使用问题。
40。
1 句子和语篇如前所述，句子是语法结构的最高层次，也是构成语篇{Text}的基本语言单位。
所谓“语篇”。
不论是口头形式或书面形式，都是一些意义相关的句子为达到一定交际目的并通过一定手段连接起来，从而具有结构上的粘着性{Cohesion}和意义上的连贯性{Coherece}的语义整体。
因此，句子和语篇有着不可分割的联系。
1]句子的意义和交际功能实际使用中的句子总是出现在一定的上下文和语境中。
没有绝对孤立的句子：句与句之间或者句子和语境之间总是互相联系，互相制约的。
正是这种上下文或语境的制约关系确定着一个句子的交际功能{Communicative Function}.句子的意义和交际功能是既相统一又相矛盾的，这种矛盾只有把句子放到一定上下文中去考察才能得到解决。
我们通常说“句子按其交际功能分为陈述句，祈使句，感叹句”。
这种描述主要着眼于句子的语法结构特征。
如若论其交际功能，那就显得不够全面，因为陈述句就其交际功能来说，并非都是陈述观点或事实，疑问句也并非都是用于提问。
同一句子结构在不同上下文和语境中可具有不同的交际功能；反之，同一交际功能在不同场合也可用不同的句子结构来表示。
例如：He will report this to the authorities concerned.这一陈述句在不同上下文和语境中可以理解为：He mentioned in passing that he will...{陈述事实}It is supposed that he will...{表示推测}He promised that he will...{表示允诺}He warned that he will...{表示警告}He threatened that he will...{表示威胁}又例如：Is Tom there?I hear someone whispering.What"s that on the table?Clear-up time!Where do your shoes belong?Could we have the garbage can over here, Tom?Let"s get this list run off before the faculty meeting starts.上述所有这些陈述句“疑问句”祈使句“感叹句根据不同的上下文可以分别理解为：Send for Tom,please.Don'T whisper;listen attentively.You oughtn't to have put that on the table.Let't start the clean-up.Don't put your shoes here.Tom,take the garbage can away.Please get enough copies of this list typewritten before the faculty meeting starts.这就是说，同一交际功能——指示别人做某事或不做某事——可以用不同的句子结构去表达。
外教社新编英语语法教程(第6版)PPT课件Unit 39
“十二五”普通高等教育本科国家级规划材料
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）
总主编 戴炜栋
新编英语语法教程
第6版
第三十九讲 强调
内容导图 学习目标 重难点解析 专四真题链接 本讲总结 练习精讲
内容导图
关键词语 的重读 P440
关键词语 的重复 P441
关键词语的 重读和重复
句尾焦点和 句尾重心 P442
It remains unknown when the accident happened.
提示 根据“句尾重心”原则，我们在造句时要注意句子结构平衡，利 用语法手段把最重要的信息置于句尾，避免头重脚轻。
2 句尾焦点和句尾重心的实现
1. 句尾焦点和句尾重心的实现手段——后置
（1）后置：是一种语法手段，即为了表示强调而把一个非
提示 将真正主语或真正宾语（通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名 词性分句）后置，以保持句子结构平衡。
（2）分隔修饰 e.g. The time has now come for us to face the facts squarely.
About 85 papers were published reporting the results of the experiment. In those days, a false belief was commonly held by people that the globe was flat. All the essays are good except John’s.
lasted only half an hour. —The expertly handled cross-examination lasted only
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）
总主编 戴炜栋
新编英语语法教程
第6版
第三十九讲 强调
内容导图 学习目标 重难点解析 专四真题链接 本讲总结 练习精讲
内容导图
关键词语 的重读 P440
关键词语 的重复 P441
关键词语的 重读和重复
句尾焦点和 句尾重心 P442
It remains unknown when the accident happened.
提示 根据“句尾重心”原则，我们在造句时要注意句子结构平衡，利 用语法手段把最重要的信息置于句尾，避免头重脚轻。
2 句尾焦点和句尾重心的实现
1. 句尾焦点和句尾重心的实现手段——后置
（1）后置：是一种语法手段，即为了表示强调而把一个非
提示 将真正主语或真正宾语（通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构或名 词性分句）后置，以保持句子结构平衡。
（2）分隔修饰 e.g. The time has now come for us to face the facts squarely.
About 85 papers were published reporting the results of the experiment. In those days, a false belief was commonly held by people that the globe was flat. All the essays are good except John’s.
lasted only half an hour. —The expertly handled cross-examination lasted only
外教社新编英语语法教程(第6版)PPT课件Unit 30
[3] I didn’t take Tom to ̌ swim in the pool today. （= I took Tom to the pool today just to see it.）
[4] I didn’t take Tom to swim in the ̌ pool today. （= I took Tom to swim at the seaside, not in the pool.）
提示 最后一个例句，it用在由名词转化来的动词后面作形式宾语只见于 非正式语体。
重难点解析
30.1 IT-句型
30.2 否定结构
3 典型错误
①* You’ll find helpful to talk things over with a friend. ②* I’ll not give you any trouble if I can help that.
提示3
It’s no use doing ...句型可与几个类似句型进行转换，比如： It’s no use buying books but not reading them. = It is of no use to buy books but not to read them. = It is useless to buy books but not to read them. = There is no use / no good / no point buying books but not reading them.
'poetry. （= I didn’t buy the book, because it had nothing to do with
提示1 提示2
该结构中的动词通常是表心理状态的动词，如think，find，feel， believe，consider，make等。
[4] I didn’t take Tom to swim in the ̌ pool today. （= I took Tom to swim at the seaside, not in the pool.）
提示 最后一个例句，it用在由名词转化来的动词后面作形式宾语只见于 非正式语体。
重难点解析
30.1 IT-句型
30.2 否定结构
3 典型错误
①* You’ll find helpful to talk things over with a friend. ②* I’ll not give you any trouble if I can help that.
提示3
It’s no use doing ...句型可与几个类似句型进行转换，比如： It’s no use buying books but not reading them. = It is of no use to buy books but not to read them. = It is useless to buy books but not to read them. = There is no use / no good / no point buying books but not reading them.
'poetry. （= I didn’t buy the book, because it had nothing to do with
提示1 提示2
该结构中的动词通常是表心理状态的动词，如think，find，feel， believe，consider，make等。
《新编英语语法教程》1-3讲
accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given by people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. Do Ex. 1C 1, 17, 18 and 20 (p.19) Key to the rest of Ex. 1C
要 成 分 谓 语
动词性 复合 复合谓语 谓语 名词性 复合谓语
双重谓语
由不及物动词+主语的 不及物动词come, go, leave, 表语构成，表现主语的 arrive, return, rise, die, live 等 双重状况 + 名词、形容词或分词
次 要 成 分
宾语、补足语、定 语、同位语、状语
句子的主体，叙述的中心，表明 所说的是“谁”或“什么”
要
成 分
简单谓语 说明主语的行为、动作、特征或 复 动词性 复合谓语 所处的状态，即“是什么”、 合 谓 谓 名词性 “干什么”、 “怎么样” 语 复合谓语
语
双重谓语
由不及物动词+主语的表语构成， 表现主语的双重状况
直接宾语
宾 语 间接宾语 复合宾语 介词宾语 宾语补足语 主语补足语 定语 同位语
Note 1: Single subject/predicate S–V and Compound subject/predicate (p.14)
S1: The boys and the girls are planning a dance. S V S S4： Leah jumped on her bike and rode around the block. V S V S7： Her brother and her sister were very shy and were really hard persons to get know. S S V V
要 成 分 谓 语
动词性 复合 复合谓语 谓语 名词性 复合谓语
双重谓语
由不及物动词+主语的 不及物动词come, go, leave, 表语构成，表现主语的 arrive, return, rise, die, live 等 双重状况 + 名词、形容词或分词
次 要 成 分
宾语、补足语、定 语、同位语、状语
句子的主体，叙述的中心，表明 所说的是“谁”或“什么”
要
成 分
简单谓语 说明主语的行为、动作、特征或 复 动词性 复合谓语 所处的状态，即“是什么”、 合 谓 谓 名词性 “干什么”、 “怎么样” 语 复合谓语
语
双重谓语
由不及物动词+主语的表语构成， 表现主语的双重状况
直接宾语
宾 语 间接宾语 复合宾语 介词宾语 宾语补足语 主语补足语 定语 同位语
Note 1: Single subject/predicate S–V and Compound subject/predicate (p.14)
S1: The boys and the girls are planning a dance. S V S S4： Leah jumped on her bike and rode around the block. V S V S7： Her brother and her sister were very shy and were really hard persons to get know. S S V V
外教社新编英语语法教程(第6版)PPT课件Unit 22
（Carlos是catch的承受者） Having been told (tell) many times, he still repeated the same mistakes. （he是tell的承受者，同时强调动作发生在“repeated”之前）
重难点解析
22.0 -ing分词 22.1-ing分词与 22.2 既能直接带不定式又 22.3 -ing 的形式及用法 动词的搭配关系 能直接带-ing分词的动词 分词分句
They plan to plant the area with grass and trees.
重难点解析
22.0 -ing分词 22.1-ing分词与 22.2 既能直接带不定式又 22.3 -ing 的形式及用法 动词的搭配关系 能直接带-ing分词的动词 分词分句
2 能带不定式和-ing分词而意义不同的动词
e.g. We’re considering buying a new car. He denied having been there. We appreciate your inviting us to your party. She can’t stand being kept waiting.
1. remember / forget / regret等动词 + -ing分词：先于主句动词的动作 + 不定式：后于主句动词的动作
e.g. I remember posting the letter. （“寄信”先于“记得”） I remembered to post the letter. （“寄信”后于“记得”）
提示 would like意思是wish或want，后面永远接不定式，如“What would you like to do tomorrow?”。
重难点解析
22.0 -ing分词 22.1-ing分词与 22.2 既能直接带不定式又 22.3 -ing 的形式及用法 动词的搭配关系 能直接带-ing分词的动词 分词分句
They plan to plant the area with grass and trees.
重难点解析
22.0 -ing分词 22.1-ing分词与 22.2 既能直接带不定式又 22.3 -ing 的形式及用法 动词的搭配关系 能直接带-ing分词的动词 分词分句
2 能带不定式和-ing分词而意义不同的动词
e.g. We’re considering buying a new car. He denied having been there. We appreciate your inviting us to your party. She can’t stand being kept waiting.
1. remember / forget / regret等动词 + -ing分词：先于主句动词的动作 + 不定式：后于主句动词的动作
e.g. I remember posting the letter. （“寄信”先于“记得”） I remembered to post the letter. （“寄信”后于“记得”）
提示 would like意思是wish或want，后面永远接不定式，如“What would you like to do tomorrow?”。
新编英语语法教程第五版1 Sentence Structure
短语或从句担任。具体说来，可用做状 语的有：副词、名词、代词、数词、形 容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句 等。
Practice
(2014-TEM4) 53. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object complement? A. The front door remained locked. B. The boy looked disappointed. C. Nancy appeared worried. D. He seemed to have no money left.
(2011-TEM4) 58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object? A. What do you think has happened to her? B. Who do you think the visiting professor is? C. How much do you think he earns every month? D. How quickly would you say he would come? (2010-TEM4) 61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is ____. A. the object B. an adverbial C. a complement D. the subject
Lecture 1: Sentence Structure 1. Clause elements
The construction of the simple sentence or clause
Practice
(2014-TEM4) 53. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object complement? A. The front door remained locked. B. The boy looked disappointed. C. Nancy appeared worried. D. He seemed to have no money left.
(2011-TEM4) 58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object? A. What do you think has happened to her? B. Who do you think the visiting professor is? C. How much do you think he earns every month? D. How quickly would you say he would come? (2010-TEM4) 61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is ____. A. the object B. an adverbial C. a complement D. the subject
Lecture 1: Sentence Structure 1. Clause elements
The construction of the simple sentence or clause
新编英语语法教程 第13讲 将来时间表示法
第13讲将来时间表示法13.1 表示将来时间的多种结构1.will/shall+不定式这种结构通常用来表示将来时间。
will用于第一、二、三人称主语，shall用于第一人称主语，都可表示将来，但常夹杂说话人的主管态度和看法，比如表示“预见”：You will feel better after taking this medicine.We shall know the result next week.有时既表示将来，也含有“意愿”或“意图”：I will do it, if you like.在疑问句中，will/shall还可用来征询听话人的“意图”：When shall we see you next?2.will/shall+不定式进行体/完成体“will/shall+不定时进行体”可以用于表示“纯粹”将来，通常带有“自然要发生”的含义，因而不包含“意愿”、“意图”等情态意义：I shall be writing to you soon.“will/shall+不定时进行体”也可以表示将来某一时刻或时段里正在进行的动作：I will be working in Geneva during May.如果要表示将来某一时刻之前业已完成的动作便可用“will/shall+不定式完成体”：Before long he will have forgotten all about it.如果要表示一个已经开始的动作到将来某一事件仍在进行，便可用“will/shall+不定式完成进行体”：By the end of next month I shall have been working here for 20 years exactly.但是这三种结构在一定语气中也可能并不表示“将来”，而仅表示说话人的揣测：Hurry up. They will be waiting.（快点吧，他们一定在等我们。
新编英语语法教程第-讲 ppt课件
A：This is an infectious disease to be
wiped out in a few years.
4.听不到有什么声音。 A：There was no sound to be heard. 5. 我已经在这里呆了两天，没有什
么可看的了。
A：I’ve spent 2 days here. There is
say to any other person.
8.这是一个难以解答的问题。 A：This is a difficult question to answer.
9.听见窗外有脚步声，我便轻手轻 脚走出室外，但什么也没看见。
A：Awitntdhoewso, uI nsdtoolef
footsteps out of the
非谓语动词
• 非谓语动词 • 具有双重性质: • 1) 动词性质 • have breakfast fast • Having breakfast fast is bad for
health.
• 2) 非动词性质,即名词及形容词性 质
• To see is to believe. • The girl standing there is my sister.
• He expected to see him at once. • I can’t afford to buy a house now.
• 3)部分动词只用动名词作宾语 • acknowledge/ admit/ advise/
advocate/ allow/ anticipate/ appreciate/ avoid/ complete/ confess/ consider/ contemplate
• 非谓语动词作宾语 • 1) 不定式是 “未发生” 或 “将发生”
wiped out in a few years.
4.听不到有什么声音。 A：There was no sound to be heard. 5. 我已经在这里呆了两天，没有什
么可看的了。
A：I’ve spent 2 days here. There is
say to any other person.
8.这是一个难以解答的问题。 A：This is a difficult question to answer.
9.听见窗外有脚步声，我便轻手轻 脚走出室外，但什么也没看见。
A：Awitntdhoewso, uI nsdtoolef
footsteps out of the
非谓语动词
• 非谓语动词 • 具有双重性质: • 1) 动词性质 • have breakfast fast • Having breakfast fast is bad for
health.
• 2) 非动词性质,即名词及形容词性 质
• To see is to believe. • The girl standing there is my sister.
• He expected to see him at once. • I can’t afford to buy a house now.
• 3)部分动词只用动名词作宾语 • acknowledge/ admit/ advise/
advocate/ allow/ anticipate/ appreciate/ avoid/ complete/ confess/ consider/ contemplate
• 非谓语动词作宾语 • 1) 不定式是 “未发生” 或 “将发生”
外教社新编英语语法教程(第6版)PPT课件Unit 21
“某些形容词+不定式结构” 作主语补语的歧义现象 P224
不定式 （二）
主—动关系、动—宾关系、 同位关系 P225
用主动态还是用被动态 P225
不定式与名词. 的搭配关系
“名词+不定式"与“名词+ 介词+ -ing分词” P226
不定式与动词 的搭配关系
动词+不定式 P228
动词+宾语+不定式 P228
主谓关系
He has a large family to support. (= that he must support) 动宾关系
He hit back the urge to tell a lie. (to tell a lie是the urge的具体内容) 同位关系
提示 表同位关系的名词中心词一般是由动词派生出来的抽象名词。
重难点解析
21.1 不定式与 21.2 不定式与 形容词的搭配 名词的搭配
21.3 不定式 与动词的搭配
21.4 不定式 分句
2. 表动宾关系时，如果不定式是不及物动词，其后需加适 当的介词
e.g. We are looking for a place to live in.
提示1 live为不及物动词，我们不能说to live a place，应该说to live in a place。
提示 动词为接双宾语的动词。
重难点解析
21.1 不定式与 21.2 不定式与 形容词的搭配 名词的搭配
21.3 不定式 与动词的搭配
21.4 不定式 分句
3 “名词 + 不定式”与“名词 + 介词 + -ing分词”
1. attempt, chance, effort, freedom, intention, necessity, opportunity, reason, time, way ...
《新编英语语法教程》ppt课件
要
特征或所处的状态，即
动词性 “是什么”、“干什么”、 情态动词+原形动词
复合 复合谓语 “怎么样”
成谓
谓语 名词性
系动词+主语的表语（名词、
分语
复合谓语
代词、数词、形容词、副词、 介词短语、非谓语动词、从句）
双重谓语
由不及物动词+主语的 不及物动词come, go, leave,
表语构成，表现主语的 arrive, return, rise, die, live 等
3
Note 1: Single subject/predicate S–V and Compound subject/predicate (p.14)
S1: The boys and the girls are planning a dance.
S V
S
S4： Leah jumped on her bike and rode around the block.
介词+其补足成分
补 宾语补足语 补足直接宾语/主语的意义， 名词、形容词、副词、
要
足 主语补足语 使其完整，宾语/主语与其补 介词短语、不定式、
语
足语之间有逻辑主谓关系
分词、动名词
修饰或限定名词、代词，说 形容词、名词、代词、名
成
定语
明人或物的特性、状态、数 词所有格、数词、副词、
量等
不定式、动名词、分词、
Predicate verb Object (direct object, indirect object, complex object) Complement (subject complement, object complement)
新编英语语法教程6-7 Determiners
I.S.R or D.S.R?
A tiger escaped from the zoo. The tiger escaped from the zoo. Tigers escaped from the zoo. The tigers escaped from the zoo.
I. S. R. D.S.R. I. S. R. D.S.R.
I have a book. The reference is limited to an specified object of a certain class, but not identified. indefinite specific reference (I.S.R) I have a book. The book is English grammar coursebook. The reference is identified and known to the speaker and hearer. definite specific reference (D.S.R.) Q: Can the be used for D.S.R?
There are some tall trees before the house. left by my grand-grand father. The reference is mentioned in the previous context. anaphoric specific reference
I.S.R or D.S.R?
The life of the old man was forfeited. A life is not proper payment for that. The lives lost in the war were wasted. Some lives were saved. Lives are always lost in war.
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Note 1: Single subject/predicate S–V and Compound subject/predicate (p.14)
S1: The boys and the girls are planning a dance.
S V
S
S4： Leah jumped on her bike and rode around the block.
Predicate verb Object (direct object, indirect object, complex object) Complement (subject complement, object complement)
Predicative Adverbial Attributive/ Attribute Appositive
Do Ex.1A 1.2,5,9, and 14 (p.15) Key to the rest of Ex. 1A
句子成分
定义
常用词类或表现形式
句子的主体，叙述的中 名词、代词、数词、名词化的
主语
心，表明所说的是“谁”其他词类、不定式、动名词、
或“什么”
分句
主
简单谓语 说明主语的行为、动作、单个/并列实意动词或短语动词
介词短语、分句
一个名词或代词放在另一个 名词、代词、or/of +名词、
分
同位语
名词或代词后，说明前者， that引导的分句，等 并与前者同指一个人或物
状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或 副词、名词或名词词组、 整个句子，表示时间、地点、 介词短语、不定式、分词、 方式、程度、原因、目的、 分句 结果、条件、让步，等
语 复合谓语
系词动、词数+词主、语形的容表词语、（副名词词、、介代词 短语、非谓语动词、从句）
分语
双重谓语
由不及物动词+主语的表语构成， 表现主语的双重状况
不及物动词come, go, leave, arrive, return, rise, die, live 等 + 名词、形容词或分词
e.g. S1: Henry is the most studious in the class. S4: Jennie’s paintings were judged inferior to Wanda’s. The experts judged Jennie’s paintings inferior to Wanda’s.
Questions and answers based on the introduction to English Grammar
Lecture 1
Sentence Structure
( p.p.1Biblioteka —21)I. Clause elements
Subject (p.13) Predication (p.13)
双重状况
+ 名词、形容词或分词
次 要 宾语、补足语、定 成 语、同位语、状语 分
句子成分
定义
常用形式
主
要 主语
成 分
谓语
直接宾语 行为、动 直接对象（指物） 名词、代词、数词、名词
宾 间接宾语 作的对象 间接对象（指人） 化的其他词类、不定式、
次 语 复合宾语 或承授者 宾语+其补足语 动名词、分句
Predicate verb Object (direct object, indirect object, complex object) Complement (subject complement, object complement）
Predicative Adverbial Attributive Appositive
句子成分
定义
常用词类或表现形式
主
主语
句子的主体，叙述的中心，表明 名词、代词、数词、名词化的其
所说的是“谁”或“什么”
他词类、不定式、动名词、分句
简单谓语
单个/并列实意动词或短语动词
要
复 动词性 说明主语的行为、动作、特征或 合 复合谓语 所处的状态，即“是什么”、
情态动词+原形动词
成 谓 谓 名词性 “干什么”、 “怎么样”
要
特征或所处的状态，即
动词性 “是什么”、“干什么”、 情态动词+原形动词
复合 复合谓语 “怎么样”
成谓
谓语 名词性
系动词+主语的表语（名词、
分语
复合谓语
代词、数词、形容词、副词、 介词短语、非谓语动词、从句）
双重谓语
由不及物动词+主语的 不及物动词come, go, leave,
表语构成，表现主语的 arrive, return, rise, die, live 等
S
V V
S7： Her brother and her sister were very shy and were
really hard persons to get know.
SV SV
Note 2: Double Predicate
S9：He left home a mere child and returned quite a
different man.
S10: He was a mere child when he left home, and he became quite a different man when he returned.
S2: A bird fell dead to the ground. S1: He died beloved, revered, and mourned by
millions of the working people.
S4: --Everyone stood listening intently. S3: --The doctor sat reading a newspaper in the shade.
II. Sentence analysis
Subject (p.13) Predication (p.13)
介词宾语
介词+其补足成分
补 宾语补足语 补足直接宾语/主语的意义， 名词、形容词、副词、
要
足 主语补足语 使其完整，宾语/主语与其补 介词短语、不定式、
语
足语之间有逻辑主谓关系
分词、动名词
修饰或限定名词、代词，说 形容词、名词、代词、名
成
定语
明人或物的特性、状态、数 词所有格、数词、副词、
量等
不定式、动名词、分词、