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科技管理研究Science and Technology Management Research2020年第22期2020No.22 doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7695.2020.22.011众创空间服务效率的多阶段测度李荣112,王彦铭3(1.武汉城市圈制造业发展研究中心，湖北武汉430056；2.江汉大学商学院，湖北武汉430056;3.湖北工业大学经济与管理学院，湖北武汉430068)摘要：通过两阶段共同边界的数据包络分析(DEA)方法，测度中国省域众创空间服务效率。
研究结果表明：(1)第一阶段中间服务产出的主导因素为纯技术效率，第二阶段最终服务转化的主导因素为规模效率；第二阶段省域各项效率均值均低于第一阶段。
(2)通过三阶段DEA模型测度，调整后省域众创空间服务的技术效率和纯技术效率上升、规模效率下降，纯技术效率优势明显。
(3)增加外商投资企业数量有助于提高众创空间服务效率；留学归国创业人数和众创空间数量•对众创空间服务投入形成替代。
(4)众创空间服务效率沿东部、中部、东北、西部依次递减，四大板块区域差异显著。
关键词：众创空间；服务效率；共同边界；三阶段数据包络分析中图分类号：F264.2;F062.4;F224;G301文献标志码：A文章编号：1000-7695(2020)22-0078-07Multi-stage Measurement of Service Efficiency in MakerspaceLi Rong1,2,Wang Yanming3(1.Research Center of Manufacturing Industry in Wuhan City Circle,Wuhan430056,China;2.School of Business,Jianghan University,Wuhan430056,China;3.School of Economics and Management,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan430068,China)Abstract：This paper measures the service efficiency of provincial makerspaces in China through two—stage common boundary DEA.The results show that:(1)Dominant factor in first stage of intermediate service output is pure technical efficiency,while it is scale efficiency in second stage of final service transformation;in the second stage,the average efficiency of each province is lower than that of the first stage.(2)By means of three—stage DEA model measure,the service technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the makerspaces in the adjusted province are increased,and the advantages of pure technical efficiency are obvious.(3)Increasing the number of foreign—invested enterprises will help to improve service efficiency of makerspaces;and the number of returned entrepreneurs and the number of makerspace form a substitute for the investment in makerspace services.(4)Service efficiency of makerspaces gradually decreases along the East,the Middle,the Northeast and the West of China,the regional differences of the four plates are significant.Key words:makerspace;service efficiency;common boundary;three—stage DEA1研究背景众创空间是一种创新型孵化器，能够满足大众创新创业需求，有效地将创新与创业、线上与线下、投资与孵化联系在一起，以实现全要素运营、便利化运营、低成本运营、开放式运营为目的。
6-7软件产业基地科技活动经费筹集情况Science and Technology ActivityFunding of Software IndustrialBases单位:千元合 计2707887291772282101821893523930281 Total北京软件产业基地Beijing Software Industrial Base中关村软件园24100000Zhongguancun Software Park天津滨海高新区软件园11280602807467713059891899936 Tianjin Huayuan Software Park河北软件产业基地(石家庄)18030001280500310500112000 Hebei SoftwareBase(Shijiazhuang)山西软件园4463583314735450720177 Shanxi Software Park内蒙古软件园1423781053281583711527 Inner Mongolia Software Park东大软件园1035722835945187392 Dongda Software Park沈阳软件园145298613624191486875699 Shenyang Software Park大连软件园24048631899760150000355103 Dalian Software Park长春软件园85060051312259010202200 Changchun Software Park吉林软件园129000870007150 Jilin Software Park大庆软件园8958377679754891077416 Daqing Software Park上海软件园246933521262832914875644729507 Shanghai Software Park江苏软件园1300000127842021580Jiangsu Software Park南京软件园59529463896943597647556706 Nanjing Software Park无锡软件园170979001160092631511432191950 Wuxi Software Park常州软件园1695638141298320982367834 Changzhou Software Park武进软件园13835161288013576764546 Wujin Software Park苏州软件园30219892502747210000250000 Suzhou Software Park如皋软件园30000014300010000039800 Rugao Software Park杭州高新软件园29242046262135938569871095617 Hangzhou Hi-tech Software Park宁波市软件与服务外包产业园106000100006450031500 Ningbo Software Park6-7 续表 continued单位:千元合肥软件园15813081159823161231158292 Hefei Software Park福州软件园3253836279793212399893631 Fuzhou Software Park厦门软件园102500009160000918000172000 Xiamen Software Park金庐软件园12992478618884696232741 Jiangxi Jinlu Software Park齐鲁软件园24318426135082902307442982723 Qilu Software Park青岛软件园4449337417513416264611155) Qingdao Software Park东营软件园88195608721590011424 Dongying Software Park潍坊软件园12000005300002020040000 Weifang Software Park临沂软件园2187001537001500030000 Linyi Software Park郑州软件园3280002629004750010020 Zhenzhou Software Park湖北软件产业基地765515642565129855221522452Hubei Software Base长沙软件园31675761672547985842285428 Changsha Software Park广州软件园1342844812864372564076 Guangzhou Software Park深圳软件园33145535307133853566701707682 Shenzhen Software Park珠海高新区软件园43605332445490658200172452 Zhuhai Software Park南宁软件园86500065000050000165000 Nanning Software Park重庆软件园37878523971924843801614600 Chongqing Software Park天府软件园65186963902278883971357868 Tianfu Software Park贵阳火炬软件园1568546466541115418426541 Guiyang Torch Software Park云南软件园16081511125180806417 Yunnan Software Park西安软件园196548311421654211962152482517 Xi'an Software Park兰州软件园15396014046067006800 Lanzhou Software Park141512271139961355001177411527922583744735510392300525034780 249403941753016408955598379678600032800 261394220007286064885 11500027240 807892106251142410000200008800 1020012265546 539757 693850 100000 145000 807300 676745 4154164247 14951215000。
1-3各高新区企业主要经济指标MainEconomicIndicators ofEnterprises inNationalHi-tech合 计Total18526651036314891719407420北京中关村BeijingZhongguancun45931122013130222620437天津滨海Tianjin Binhai1521140731458353116石家庄Shijiazhuang13729822281124195唐 山Tangshan33252126717401保 定Baoding8510414188131323承 德Chengde2242462214655燕 郊Yanjiao72592216035954太 原Taiyuan55001143361121760长 治Changzhi4415683442939呼和浩特Hohhot53726757051包 头Baotou777355810595962鄂尔多斯Eerduosi38223910545沈 阳Shenyang33738755237104370大 连Dalian123101220443193893鞍 山Anshan24802897037871本 溪Benxi116756336917锦 州Jinzhou2144824522451营 口Yingkou45611105123086阜 新Fuxin18431012617068辽 阳Liaoyang783491945059长 春Changchun9345877164178224长春净月ChangchunJingyue818267719118772吉 林Jilin30184381969813通 化Tonghua786631211916延 吉Yanji471205312469哈尔滨Harbin1235736516785990齐齐哈尔Qiqihaer261632220515大 庆Daqing5354533104116715上海张江ShanghaiZhangjiang38000534536751062759上海紫竹Shanghai Zizhu16791388126829南 京Nanjing97121319704305728无 锡Wuxi317831099357262679江 阴Jiangyin48022449683391徐 州Xuzhou30471805661108常 州Changzhou293541182360172515武 进Wujin7150420164119071苏 州Suzhou328311195434232579昆 山Kunshan275177753641882771-3 续表1常 熟Changshu413446512175863南 通Nantong439143613497542连云港Lianyungang22901276047043淮 安Huai an15551923623875盐 城Yancheng43202397559701扬 州Yangzhou259915410141058镇 江Zhen Jiang911644717363216泰 州Taizhou89623745159833宿 迁Suqian14951524231850杭 州Hangzhou358452015700324964萧山临江XiaoshanLinjiang75034268574836宁 波Ningbo31862623321199230温 州Wenzhou1716545518384208嘉 兴Jiaxing16601366857142莫干山Moganshan38612498343918绍 兴Shaoxing826529456126870衢 州Quzhou253523415959781合 肥Hefei217181294852242346芜 湖Wuhu193329120097509蚌 埠Bengbu280235415863952马鞍山慈湖Ma'anshan Cihu24391829338114铜陵狮子山Tonglingshizishan158803511546福 州Fuzhou130022517070613厦 门Xiamen36911088653212981莆 田Putian7271782752370三 明Samning7151303721674泉 州Quanzhou290826314281471漳 州Zhangzhou30364156599155龙 岩Longyan17401803234416南 昌Nanchang7828466202134609景德镇Jingdezhen13282223869714新 余Xinyu34002374763434鹰 潭Yingtan25671203926527赣 州Ganzhou4211312818095吉 安Ji'an3051373139694抚 州Fuzhou31511974740207济 南Jinan30994933503283586青 岛Qingdao7621415343139269淄 博Zibo8944458130114014枣 庄Zaozhuang27021458324701-3 续表2黄河三角Huanghe Delta263285017洲烟 台Yantai76253069260777潍 坊Weifang14291584196159543济 宁Jining1147857793176795泰 安Tai'an42853195652460威 海Weihai12828297128122594莱 芜Laiwu35461422514422临 沂Linyi48103694051244德 州Dezhou3861661723659郑 州Zhengzhou371211445803231093洛 阳Luoyang4475812274175557平顶山Pingdingshan1412881815907安 阳Anyang27653192566276新 乡Xinxiang21302373964886焦 作Jiaozuo16581121342291南 阳Nanyang20081782345529武 汉Wuhan5713730521766554692宜 昌Yichang7290277219111796襄 阳Xiangyang11342826227176338荆 门Jingmen9011493187113255孝 感Xiaogan368146415382841黄 冈Huanggang458119918433665咸 宁Xianning790841118866257随 州Suizhou27392828752839仙 桃Xiantao15013267084042长 沙Changsha201101340795364189株 洲Zhuzhou8280327168157469湘 潭Xiangtan27023598284157衡 阳Hengyang57731645854654常 德Changde7172593635430益 阳Yiyang5563367444923郴 州Chenzhou1099582917668广 州Guangzhou1712438272877541788深 圳Shenzhen1178520911520486875珠 海Zhuhai6492904671235475汕 头Shantou1684040920571265佛 山Foshan617813251009296429江 门Jiangmen289840222887339肇 庆Zhaoqing170220110255080惠 州Huizhou146774652732017221-3 续表3continued源 城Yuancheng10081213848672清 远Qingyuan17291757967931东 莞Dongguan486257225089971中 山Zhongshan11718575334144903南 宁Nanning23378801365214349柳 州Liuzhou5038330272108068桂 林Guilin13764517155133257北 海Beihai458753331534海 口Haikou16312268542809重 庆Chongqing391801209552221521璧 山Bishan49822148862783成 都Chengdu11479319141201384683自 贡Zigong79811922733765攀枝花Panzhihua369931215015泸 州Luzhou17873436350046德 阳Deyang10641954031233绵 阳Mianyang9280196103117531内 江Neijiang521671312169乐 山Leshan6381795049433贵 阳Guiyang14909802370259977安 顺Anshun2851092623142昆 明Kunming1231931718271530玉 溪Yuxi2785792722079西 安Xi'an5203739731156450982宝 鸡Baoji9135642115157973杨 凌Yangling47442241929289咸 阳Xianyang792862422341渭 南Weinan1210881624406榆 林Yulin275384420515安 康Ankang16102201623808兰 州Lanzhou6688575176149322白 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