杨浦秋季补习班杨浦寒春补习班新王牌高三英语资料-

IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why do we read poetry? First obvious one: because we enjoy it. The only other reason is for academic purpose, and that’s not why this is here.Many of us read poetry simply because we often feel depressed and hopelessly lost, and in poetry we see how beautiful and strange everything is. So in that way poetry calms our anxiety.There are many different kinds of poems. They are not all calming. Some poems make me anxious, angry, scared, and sad, which is why I value them. As a reader, I want a full meal, not just dessert. I want the sweet and the bitter. Often, I read poetry when I’m already relaxed. In fact, I read more when I’m not stressed out.Here are the main reasons I respond to poetry, as far as I can tell. Metrical(格律的) poems are about setting up rules and then bending them. Usually, this is done by setting up a rhythm and then breaking it or almost breaking it. And then returning to it again. This satisfies my desire for order and also my desire for testing boundaries.Poetry plays with language and often put words together in surprising ways, which is thrilling the way food can be when the chef has paired ingredients you never thought would taste good together but somehow do.Many poems are dense. Words mean two or three things at once and lots of suggestions are packed between the lines. This is intellectually inspiring and it allows me to read the same poem over and over always finding new things in itAnd, of course, there’s the subject matter. It interests me just as it would if the same subject was explored in a story or essay. Not all poems interest me in this way, but then not all stories and essays do, either.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 根据最新颁布的交通法，车内任何人员都必须系好安全带。

高考英语词汇手册P1 (7)1. abandom—the abandoned baby/city被抛弃的孩子/被废弃的城市sb abandon doing sth 放弃做。

2. ability—a person with high ability ; 一个能力高强的人have ability to do,有能力去做。

able—be able to do 有能力去做。

3. about—what/how about (doing)sth ; 做某事怎么样啊; sb be about to do某人正要做。

4. above—above all 最重要的是5. abroad—go/study abroad 去国外/ 到国外留学6. absent——sb be absent from school/work某人不上班/课7. absorb—sb be absorbed in (doing)sth某人沉迷于做。

P2(8)1. academic—academic achievement 学术上的成就2. access—sb have/get access to spl某人有机会接近/进入某处3. accident—meet with an accident ；某人遇到事by accident意外地4. accomplish – accomplish doing 完成做。

5. according --- according to sth 根据。

6. account—sth account for sth 某事解释了某事7. accuse—accuse sb of sth 因为某事指责某人8. accustom—sb be/get accustomed to doing某人习惯于做。

P3(7)1. achieve—achieve success/nothing取得成功/ 一事无成2. achievement—make achievements 取得成就3. acid—acid rain 酸雨4. act --- act as 充当5. action—take action to do; 采取行动做。

U1.UFO 不明飞行物（unidentified flying object）2.ugly adj. 丑的3.umbrella n. 伞4.unbelievable adj. 难以置信的5.unconscious adj. 失去知觉的；未意识到的6.undergo v. 经历，遭受7.underground adj. 地下的* the underground 地铁；underground railway地铁8.understand v. 理解*understanding n. 理解adj. 有理解力；通情达理的9.undertake v. 承担10.undo v. 解开；取销，废除11.unfortunate adj. 不幸的12.unhappy adj.13.uniform n. 征服*school uniform 校服14.unite v. 联合；团结*the United Nations 联合国（略作the UN）;the United States (of America) 美国（略作the USA 或者the US）the United Kingdom 联合王国，英国（略作the UK）*united adj. 联合的；统一的*union n. 联合；团结*reunion n. 重聚，团圆15.unique adj. 独特的16.unit n. 单元17.universal adj. 普遍的；全世界的，宇宙的*universe n. (the universe) 宇宙，全世界18.university n. （综合性）大学19.unknown adj. 未知的n. (the unknown) 未知事物20.unless conj. 除非....否则（=if...not）21.unlike prep. 不像，和...不同；adj. 不像的，不同的22.until prep. & conj. 直到...为止*not...until 直到...才e.g. (原始句型；部份倒装；强调句)I didn’t know anything about his life abroad until he told me by means of e-mail.Not until he told me by means of e-mail did I know something about his life abroad.It was not until he told me by means of e-mail that I knew something about his life abroad.23.unusual adj. 不寻常的；与众不同的24.up adv. & prep. 向上*up and down 上上下下；*up to多达*It’s up to sb. to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任。

高三英语中译英1. 她不在乎报酬，对她来说重要的是她的实验。

（care）She doesn’t care about the reward, and what matters to her is her experiment.2. 即使周围响声很大，他也能集中精力看书。

（concentrate）He can concentrate on his books even if it is very noisy around him.3. 学生们逐渐认识到友谊胜过金钱。

（come）The students have come to realize that friendship is more important than money.4. 当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于游客。

（choice）At that time the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourist for help.5. 他没有报名参加面试，这使他失去了一份高薪工作。

（cost）He didn’t sign up for the interview, which cost him a well-paid job.6. 做幼儿园老师需要极大的耐心。

（call）Working as a teacher in the kindergarten calls for a lot of patience.7. 成功由三个重要因素组成：天才‘勤奋加上运气。

（consist）Success consists of three important factors: talent, diligence and luck.8. 众望所归，Jam 当选了足球队队长。

（choose）As most people had expected, Jim was chosen as captain ofthe football team.9. 火势最终被控制住了，但还是造成了巨大的损害。

寒假班预初英语辅导讲义第1讲Warming upLook and think1. __________ - __________ (adv.)东北_________ - __________ (adv.)西北_________ - __________ (adv.)东南_________ - __________ (adv.)西南口诀：南北-东西(南北在前，东西在后，短横在中)New words 词汇1. Asia n. 亚洲-- Where's China on the map? -- It’s ________ ________(在亚洲).【拓展】________ adj. 亚洲的，亚洲人2. exhibition n. 展览会；展览品e. g. They are coming to the exhibition as my guests. 他们作为我邀请的客人来参观展览会。

e. g.exhibit flowers at a flower show在花展上展出花卉The young painter has exhibited his work in several galleries.那年轻画家的作品已在几家美术馆中展出。

3. capital n. 首都，都会e. g. Beijing is the capital of China.北京是中国的首都。

ondon, Paris and Rome are capital cities.伦敦、巴黎、罗马都是国都。

知识拓展】capital n.大写字母e. g. Write your name in block capitals, please.姓名请用大写。

4. information n. 信息e. g. information about education教育信息y father usually reads the information about sports in the newspaper. 我父亲常常阅览报纸上有关体育的信息。

路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索 - 百度文库牛津高一下Unit 6巩固版mercial n. （电视或电台播放的）广告2.consumer n. 消费者；用户3.estimate n. 估计4.typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的5.actor n. 演员6.identify with 与(某人)产生共鸣7.advertiser n. 广告商；广告人员cator n. 教师；教育工作者9.materialistic adj. 物质享乐主义的；贪图享乐的10.survey n. 民意调查；民意测验11.possessions n. （复数）个人财产；私人物品12.take action 采取行动13.ban v. 禁止；取缔14.inferior adj. 较差的；次的15.with reference to 关于；至于16.illegal adj. 非法的；违法的17.salary n. 工资；薪水18.furthermore adv. 此外；而且19.best-selling adj. 畅销的20.association n. 协会；社团21.sponsor v.赞助22.secondary adj. 中等教育的；中学的23.handle v. 处理；控制24.savings n. （复数）积蓄；存款25.management n. 经营；管理26.budget v. 制定预算27.household adj. 家庭的；家务的28.expenses n. （复数）开支；花销29.invest v. 投资30.interest n. 利息牛津高二下Unit 6 巩固版1.cosmetics n. 化妆品2.face cream 面霜3.persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的4.advertising n. 做广告；广告业5.campaign n. 运动6.anti-ageing adj. 抗衰老的7.present v. 呈现8.packaging n. 包装材料9.double v. 使加倍；是...的两倍10.poison v. 使中毒；毒害11.lipstick n. 口红；唇膏12.blind v. 使失明13.make-up n. 化妆品14.sue v. 起诉；控告15.force-feed v. 强迫进食16.injection n. 注射17.drip v. 滴入18.amazing adj. 令人惊奇地；令人惊喜的19.unconventional adj. 不因循守旧的；新奇的20.principle n. 规则；规范21.prosper v. 繁荣；兴旺22.revolutionize v. 改革23.immoral adj. 不道德的24.limitation n. 局限；缺陷25.refill v. 再装满26.recycle v. 回收利用；再利用27.unique adj. 独一无二的；独特的28.campaign v. 开展运动29.alternative adj. 供选择的30.remarkably adv.不寻常地；突出地31.global adj. 全球的32.publicity n. 公众的注意；媒体的注意33.hold v. 举办；进行34.pro-environment adj. 支持保护环境的35.publicize v. 宣传36.make up 组成37.tube n. 软管38.wrapper n. 包装材料39.transport v. 运输；运送40.cardboard n. 卡纸板41.end up 结束；告终ndfill n. 垃圾填埋池43.take up 占去；占据44.stink v. 发恶臭45.leak v. 漏，渗；渗透46.substance n. 物质47.take the lead 带头；做榜样48.carton n. （尤指装食品或液体的）硬纸盒；塑料盒49.appropriate adj. 合适的，恰当的50.sort v. 整理，把..分类51.process v. 加工52.vigilant adj. 警觉的；警惕的53.do one’s part 尽自己的职责新世纪高一下Unit 4 巩固版1.block n. 街区v. 阻碍；阻止2.driveway n. 私人车道，汽车道3.lean v. 倾身；屈身4.back v. （使）后退；使退出5.signal n. 信号；暗号v. 用信号发出；标志6.arouse v. 唤起；激起7.shift v. 移动；转移n. 转移；转变8.reaction n. 反应9.content n. 内容10.yawn v. 打呵欠n. 呵欠11.doze v. 打瞌睡；打盹12.honour v. 尊敬n. 荣誉；名誉13.clue n. 线索；迹象14.attentive adv. 聚精会神地15.obstacle n. 障碍；妨碍16.pull into （火车等）到达；到站17.go down well 被接受；受环境18.in a low voice 低声19.the worst 最糟的部分20.go down 下沉21.call for 需要22.be clear of 清除了...的；不接触...的23.convey v. 传达；传递24.dishonest adj. 不诚实的；欺诈的25.confidence n.自信；信心26.status n. 地位；身份27.impolite adj. 无礼的28.elder adj. 年龄较大的n. 长者；前辈29.performance n. 演出；演奏30.delighted adj. 高兴的31.goodness 天哪32.incredible adj. 极妙的；难以置信的plicated adj. 复杂的34.move n. 挪动地方；移动位置35.posture n. 姿势，姿态36.unsure adj. 缺乏信心的；无把握的37.space n. 空间38.shy adj. 害羞的39.concept n. 概念；观念40.constantly adv. 不断地；时常地41.bump v. 碰；撞42.aware adj. 知道的；察觉的43.body language 肢体语言44.put one’s finger on 准确地证明或指出45.sell sb. out 背叛46.believe it or not 信不信由你47.bump into 无意中遇到48.become/be aware of 意识到；注意到49.in doubt 不确定的；未确定的新世纪高二下Unit 4 巩固版1.Swedish n.瑞典语；瑞典人adj. 瑞典人的；瑞典的；瑞典语的2.slide v. 使滑动3.unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的；不认识的4.equivalent n. 同等物adj.相同的（常与to连用）；同等的5.cast v. 投射（光、视线等）6.restless adj. 焦灼不安的7.suspicion n. 疑心，怀疑8.autograph n. 亲笔签名9.release v. 释放，放出10.be fresh from 新从...来的11.take to 喜欢12.in passing 顺便，附带地13.finishing touch 最后的修饰14.cast a glance at 看一眼15.as though 好像，仿佛16.in shock 吃惊地17.Sweden 瑞典18.seat v. 坐下19.study n. 书房20.torch n. 火把，火炬21.wheelchair n. 轮椅22.damage n. 损伤23.endure v. 忍受24.highlight n. 最精彩的部分25.gracious adj. 好心的，亲切的，优雅的26.chant v. 反复地喊，说，唱27.glory n. 荣誉28.motion n. 运动，动作29.historic adj. 有历史意义的st v. 持续；足够维持31.flame n. 火焰32.brotherhood n 兄弟般的关系.33.take...as an example 以...为例34.fall apart 瓦解，崩溃35.up and down 来来回回，上上下下36.drop by 顺便（或偶然）访问e by 访问，看望38.pass by （时间等）过去，流逝39.get in the way 妨碍40.brain damage 脑损伤41.many a 很多42.to the fullest 充分地，最大限度地43.starting point 起点44.line up 排队45.at the sight of看到46.Beethoven 贝多芬牛津高一下Unit 6检测版mercial n.2.consumer n.3.estimate n.4.typical adj.5.actor n.6.identify with7.advertiser n.cator n.9.materialistic adj.10.survey n. 11.possessions n.12.take action13.ban v.14.inferior adj.15.with reference to16.illegal adj.17.salary n.18.furthermore adv.19.best-selling adj.20.association n.21.sponsor v.22.secondary adj.23.handle v.24.savings n.25.management n.26.budget v.27.household adj.28.expenses n.29.invest v.30.interest n.牛津高二下Unit 6 检测版1.cosmetics n.2.face cream3.persuasive adj.4.advertising n.5.campaign n.6.anti-ageing adj.7.present v.8.packaging n.9.double v.10.poison v.11.lipstick n.12.blind v.13.make-up n.14.sue v.15.force-feed v.16.injection n.17.drip v.18.amazing adj. 19.unconventional adj.20.principle n.21.prosper v.22.revolutionize v.23.immoral adj.24.limitation n.25.refill v.26.recycle v.27.unique adj.28.campaign v.29.alternative adj.30.remarkably adv.31.global adj.32.publicity n.33.hold v.34.pro-environment adj.35.publicize v.36.make up37.tube n.38.wrapper n.39.transport v.40.cardboard n.41.end upndfill n.43.take up44.stink v.45.leak v.46.substance n.47.take the lead48.carton n.49.appropriate adj.50.sort v.51.process v.52.vigilant adj.53.do one’s part新世纪高一下Unit 4 检测版1.block n.v.2.driveway n.3.lean v.4.back v.5.signal n.v.6.arouse v.7.shift v.n.8.reaction n.9.content n.10.yawn v.n.11.doze v.12.honour v.n.13.clue n.14.attentive adv. 15.obstacle n.16.pull into17.go down well18.in a low voice19.the worst20.go down21.call for22.be clear of23.convey v.24.dishonest adj.25.confidence n.26.status n.27.impolite adj.28.elder adj.n.29.performance n.30.delighted adj.31.goodness32.incredible adj.plicated adj.34.move n.35.posture n.36.unsure adj.37.space n.38.shy adj.39.concept n.40.constantly adv.41.bump v.42.aware adj.43.body language44.put one’s finger on45.sell sb. out46.believe it or not47.bump into48.become/be aware of49.in doubt新世纪高二下Unit 4 检测版1.Swedish n.adj.2.slide v.3.unfamiliar adj.4.equivalent n.5.cast v.6.restless adj.7.suspicion n.8.autograph n.9.release v.10.be fresh from11.take to12.in passing13.finishing touch14.cast a glance at15.as though 16.in shock17.Sweden18.seat v.19.study n.20.torch n.21.wheelchair n.22.damage n.23.endure v.24.highlight n.25.gracious adj.26.chant v.27.glory n.28.motion n.29.historic adj.st v.31.flame n.32.brotherhood n.33.take...as an example34.fall apart35.up and down36.drop bye by38.pass by39.get in the way40.brain damage41.many a42.to the fullest43.starting point44.line up45.at the sight of46.Beethoven。

Different forms of hospitality (好客)I am a British woman social anthropologist (人类学家). I once spent a year in Moldova, in Eastern Europe,(25) ______ (study) everyday life in the country. I stayed with a Moldovan family to see from the inside how people managed their lives. I had a wonderful time and made many new friends. What I observed is of course based on my own experience at a particular place and time.I often found (26) _______ surprisingly difficult to see life there through the eyes of a Moldovan. This was(27) ______ the people I met were extremely hospitable and I was treated as an honoured guest at all times. As my hosts, they wanted me to enjoy myself, and not to get (28) ______ (involve) in shopping, cooking, or other domestic jobs. Most mornings I was encouraged to go out to explore the city, or carry out my research, and I returned later to find that my elderly landlady and her sister had travelled across the city on buses to the central market (29) ________ (bring) back heavy loads of potatoes, a whole lamb, or other large quantities of products.I was often invited to people’s homes, and was always offered food on entering. Most of the adults I met enjoyed inviting friends, family, neighbours, colleagues and even strangers into their homes, (30) ______ they treated them to food, drink, and a lively hospitable atmosphere. Hosts hurried to serve guests as well and as quickly as possible. (31) ______ a household was expecting guest, large amounts of food were prepared in advance, usually by the women. Wine had already been made, generally by the men, (32) ______ were also responsible for pouring it. Unexpected visitors were still offered as much food and drink as the household (33) ______ provide in the circumstances.(B)How English family life has evolved since the eighteenth century The majority of English families of the pre-industrial age, roughly until the mid-eighteen century, lived in a rural location. Many of them owned or had the use of a small piece of land, and actually all family members were busy with agricultural work in one form or another, usually (34) _______ (grow) food for their own consumption and sometimes also producing food or other goods for sale.The labour was controlled by the husband, (35) ______ _____ his wife and children, too, had an economic value as their contributions to the family income were likely to make the difference between starvation and survival.Children worked from an early age, girls helping their mothers, and boys their fathers. School was an occasional factor in their lives. Instead, children learned by doing (36) _______ their parents showed them. Knowledge of caring (37) ______ animals, sewing was handed down from parent to child.Also, most people engaged in handicraft production in the home, and the family (38) ______ (pay) to work with cloth, wood or leather. In general, this work could be put aside and taken up again when there was a break such as agricultural work.The process of industrialization in the second half of the eighteenth century and during the nineteenth transformed life for the majority of the population. It was the use of steam to power machinery (39) ______ required large buildings, and it resulted in the construction of numerous factories in many towns and cities. These in turn (40) _______（encourage）migration from the countryside in search of work. If electricity had preceded steam, domestic industry might have survived more fully.A Night OutMichelle walked out the theater humming(哼唱) a tune. She’d just seen a wonderful musical at the beautiful Paramount Theater. (25)________ she closed her eyes, she could still see the beautiful costumes and stage sets. It was now after 11 p.m., and she really didn’t like being out late by (26)________. Since no one else had wanted to go to the show, she (27)________ ________ go alone. She headed down the dark Seattle Street toward her car. No car. The parking space was empty. ‘That’s odd,’ she thought. ‘Am I on the wrong stree t?’ She checked the street signs. No, she was on Pine Street. And she was sure that this was (28)________ she’d left her car. But her car was nowhere to be seen. She began to feel nervous. Someone had stolen her car! What was she going to do?Should she call the police or call some one to give her a ride? S he decided to call someone. She took out her cell phone only (29)________(find) that her battery was dead! Now what? Maybe she could take a cab. She only had $1 in cash (30)___________ she checked every corner of her wallet. And to her horror, her credit card was missing! Then she remembered. She’d ordered something on the Internet and left the card by her computer. She headed back toward the theater and the lights on Pike Street. Then she saw something familiar. Her car! She realized she (31)___________(park) on Pike Street not Pine Street! Once again (32)________(sing) a song from the show, she got into her car and headed home.(B)The KoranMost religions have some kind of holy text on which the religious beliefs are based. For Christians this text is the Holy Bible; for Jews it is the Torah and for Muslims it is the Koran.Muslims believe that the Koran (33)________(consist) of revelations from God to Muhammad during the years 610 to 632 when Muhammad died. These revelations were written down by those (34)________ were close to him during this time and for several years after his death. They were gathered into the text (35)________(kno w) as the Koran during the years 630 to 650.The interpretation of the Koran has always been a difficult task, even for Islamic scholars. For example, the meanings of some words are determined by dots above the vowels(元音). In ancient Arabic, however, very often these dots (36)________(omit). As a result some letters looked identical. Thus, the meanings of these words depended in many cases (37)________ the memories of the men who had written them. Early Muslims had to try to get the exact meanings of the words (38)________ these people died and it was too late.Unlike the Bible, in which the events are provided in time order, there is no reference to (39)________ things occurred in the Koran. In any case, unlike the Bible, most the suras - sections - are composed of orders and warning s. Unl ike in the Bible, there are very few stories in the Koran.Muslims believe that by (40)________(recite) the book, they create a holy atmosphere, and there are many Muslims who have learned the Koran by heart.选词填空（普陀）A. commentB. complexC. depressionD. expectE. equivalentF. holdG. mappedH. recommendedI. handleJ. notedK. severeBeing sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or a(n) __41__ relationship. The effect was first __42__ in 1858by William Farr, who wrote that widows (寡妇)and widowers were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effects __43__ for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can __44__ to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same __45__ problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.So how does it work? The effects are, __46__ affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of __47__ later in life. People in supportive relationships may __48__ stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.A life partner, children and good friends are all __49__ if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being __50__ out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”长宁A. accommodateB. alternativeC. boastD. budgetE. eliminationF. enclosedG. maintaining H. possessions I. regulate J. tempting K. unaccompaniedWhen young people begin to live independently, home-hunting can involve some stress. But they would do well to remember that a new _____41_____ is available - micro-homes.Fondly called ‘tiny houses,’ these houses have all living necessities in a small package, including kitchen, bedroom and bathroom. Generally under 50 square meters, most tiny houses _____42_____ just one or two people though some claim the space for more. What’s lost in size is not lost in design as these homes are often quite unique and modern in design.Besides an attractive appearance, tiny houses can also _____43_____ unique practical features. Making the best of urban space, the 72-to 122-centimeter-wide Keret House in Warsaw, the world’s narrowest home, filled in an alley(小巷). The sample home Ecocapsule uses solar power, wind power and rainwater collection to enable its owner to live practically anywhere. A system of rails allows the DALE micro-home to _____44_____ room size and number as well as adding the option of an open or _____45_____ courtyard.As visually _____46_____ as micro-homes are, there are a few disadvantages to consider before getting comfortable on a minicouch. Moving into a tiny house requires the _____47_____ of most non-essentials, no matter the emotional connection to them. Guests will also mostly be out of the question as the limited space may even cause a(n) _____48_____ individual to experience some cabin fever. And finally, a micro-home is likely a temporary living option for most people since they will probably start families and acquire more _____49_____.Though the limitation will scare some, there is usually a benefit. A small size results in a small price tag and small bills, making tiny houses easier to save up for and _____50_____. And though you won’t have much stuff around the house, this can provide the comfort of simple living and maintenance. Micro-homes are also practically mobile and claim eco-friendliness that can’t be matched by other homes. They probably aren’t for everyone or forever, but when it comes to your next (or first) home, they could be just what you need.完型填空（普陀）Who needs sleep?It’s 2 a.m. The time when you should be in beds, sound asleep. But pull back the curtains and you might be surprised by the number of lights on in your street Night-time is __51__ just for sleeping. It has become the new daytime, offering us the chance to catch up on everything we didn’t manage to finish during what used to be our __52__ hours. Now, __53__ sleeping, we can check our bank balances by phone, buy groceries, surf the net for cheap flights or go to the gym.Such flexibility, __54__, has a price. Our bodies are run by circadian rhythms (昼夜节律), a prehistoric internal clock that regulates when we feel sleepy or awake and affects our body temperature and level of alertness. It makes our brains and bodies __55__ during the day and allows them to recover through the night. So powerful is this clock that even two weeks on a nightshift without break will not __56__ its rhythm, and when scientists keep human volunteers in isolation, without any indication of what time it is in the day, they still show daily cycles of temperature changes, sleep and wakefulness, and hormone release. But, __57__ working against our body’s natural rhythm is likely to cause ourselves both physical and psychological damage. Research also shows it may actually __58__ our risk of health problems such as stomach diseases.Consultant Tom Mackey believes that our normal circadian rhythms are increasingly being completely __59__. “More and more of us are being pressured into doing things at odd hours. This is going to have a(n) __60__ impact on quality and length of sleep. If people don’t go to bed at a reasonable time, say around 11 p.m., and have between six and eight hours of sleep, they will be unable to concentrate. You need sleep for rest and __61__. If you stuff your mind with information for too long, then everything gets disorganized ---you become __62__ to manage daytime activities.”The circadian rhythms that run the sleep/wake cycle are as old as __63__ itself. Our prehistoric ancestors would have needed their biological clock to get them out hunting during the day and probably in bed around nightfall to avoid intruders. Our night vision is not as fast as that of nocturnal (夜间活动的) animals ---our natural rhythm was to sleep as the sun went down. The invention of the electric light obviously __64__ that. Like most biological systems, circadian rhythms are not made to __65__. Our internal clock runs a bit longer than 24 hours, hence its Latin name, circadian, which means “about a day.”51. A. by all means B. on earth C. in no time D. to this day52. A. sleeping B. waking C. business D. rush53. A. in terms of B. regardless of C. as a result of D. instead of54. A. furthermore B. otherwise C. however D. somewhat55. A. active B. relaxing C. tiring D. conscious56. A. form B. destroy C. improve D. recover57. A. Efficiently B. Proudly C. Continually D. Independently58. A. minimize B. assess C. avoid D. increase59. A. broken B. enhanced C. emphasized D. misunderstood60. A. effective B. negative C. direct D. reliable61. A. reservation B. resetting C. repair D. replacement62. A. bored B. willing C. likely D. unable63. A. evolution B. clock C. mystery D. hunting64. A. improved B. changed C. speeded D. followed65. A. measure B. reverse C. regulate D. discover长宁At 1:30 p.m. on March 31, 1981, John Hinckley Jr. stepped from a crowd of onlookers and tried to kill Ronald Reagan, the president of the United States. Although he failed, he did cause injury to the president. The crime was committed in clear view of many people. _____51_____, at the end of his trial, Hinckley was found not _____52_____ by reason of insanity(精神失常). Instead of prison, Hinckley was sent to a mental hospital, where he remains.The judgment in Hinckley’s case did more than annoy a few people. It _____53_____ a nationwide debate about whether people accused of a crime can claim they were insane when they did it. If they were capable of _____54_____ and then committing a crime, how could they later claim to have been insane? One starting point is to identify what insane means in a U.S. court of law.Very young children cannot be _____55_____ if they do not know right from wrong, because they cannot be held morally responsible for their actions. For most people, moral responsibility comes with age and maturity. Psychologists, however, say that there are some adults who cannot recognize right from wrong. Since these adults cannot tell the _____56_____, they should not be held morally responsible for their actions. In a U.S. court of law, an adult like this may be considered insane. Hinckley was judged insane because _____57_____ determined that his mind was not functioning like a(n) _____58_____ adult’s so he had no idea what he was doing. Instead of spending the rest of his life in prison, Hinckley would be committed to a mental hospital, where he could be treated for his illness.People who are against the use of an insanity defense say that criminals like Hinckley do know what they are doing. _____59_____ of the insanity defense say that everyone who commits a serious crime like Hinckley’s could be said to be mentally ill. Otherwise, the person would not commit the crime _____60_____. There are many people who struggle with severe mental illness who do not commit crimes. The illnesses should not be used as a(n) _____61_____ for violent behavior. People who _____62_____ the insanity defense believe that mental illnesses are not always treatable. Psychologists have been able to detect patterns of behavior. These mental detectives have _____63_____ evidence that a person can be insane but seem normal. Hinckley and others with _____64_____ conditions suffer from delusions(错觉). Even though people with delusions may seem normal, the world does not appear to them as it does to other people. Therefore, experts say, such people cannot be held to the rules of behavior other people are held to. Their punishments should be _____65_____.51. A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Moreover52. A.hurt B.healthy C.safe D.guilty53.A kicked off B.cleared up C.let out D.put away54. A.confessing B.starting C.planning D.discovering55. A.sentenced B.punished C.annoyed D.defended56. A.insanity B.truth C.responsibility D.difference57. A.judges B.psychologists C.experts D.detectives58. A.mature B.independent C.normal D.capable59. A.Opponents B.Onlookers C.Victims D.Researchers60. A.on the contrary B.by this means C in the first place D.at the same time61. A.example B.excuse C.defense D.idea62. A.study B.refuse C.transform D.support63. A.destroyed pared C.examined D.gathered64. A.realistic B.ordinary C.similar D.treatable65. A.severe B.negotiable C.acceptable D.legal客观性阅读（普陀）AWhen milk arrived on the doorstepWhen I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5-year-old boy, I couldn’t take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.Of course, he delivered more than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note - “Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery” - and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically appear.All of this was about more than convenience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr. Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldn’t freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitchen table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have a delivery service.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my son’s friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.66. Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer _____.A. to satisfy his curiosity.B. to please his mother.C. to show his magical power.D. to pay for the delivery.67. What can be inferred from Para. 3?A. He preferred tea to coffee.B. He had a large sum of money.C. He was treated as a family member.D. He was a famous and popular person.68. Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?A. It is forbidden by law.B. Its service is getting poor.C. It has been driven out of the market.D. Nobody wants to be a milkman now.69. Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?A. He planted flowers in it.B. He missed the good old days.C. He needed it for his milk bottles.D. He was fond of telling interesting stories.CWUThe communication union Head of ResearchSalary: ￡55.271We are looking for a Head of Research to manage the CWU Research Department and Information Centre. You would be required to exercise control of all research work of the department and manage a team of three researchers and four support staff.The person appointed would be expected to carry out research work of a strategic nature across the range of businesses in which the CWU has or seeks membership and to contribute to the strategic thinking and direction of the union as a whole.You will need: proven line management skills, especially in managing and motivating a team; good research skills, holding a good degree in a related subject or other similar experience; a high level of mathematical and calculating skills; the ability to produce high quality work under pressure; a commitment to and knowledge of the trade union movement and social democratic politics; and knowledge and/ or experience of the postal and/ or telecommunications industry.To apply, please request an application pack by emailing hr@ or by telephoning HR (Human Resources) on 020 8971 7482. When applying please state your source.Closing Date for Applications: 4th December 2015Anticipated interview date: 17th December 2015No agencies please70. In which column of a newspaper could we find this advertisement?A. Arts.B. Sales.C. Jobs.D. News.71. One of the duties of the person to be appointed is _____.A. taking charge of research work.B. seeking membership for the trade union.C. running a telecommunications company.D. managing a team of three or four members.72. If you want to apply for this position, you can do all EXCEPT _____.A. ask an agency for an application formB. dial 020 8971 7482 for more informationC. email hr@ for an application packD. send in your application before 4th December 201573. Which of the following applicants is most likely to be employed?A. A chemistry teacher with a master's degree.B. A clerk from a telecommunications company.C. A university graduate majoring in computer science.D. A director from a research centre with a master's degree.A child's map often provides a much-needed rest for parents too. Time for an uninterrupted phone call, or a rest on the sofa. And naps have to be a good thing for preschools, surely, since they need to take a rest and get enough sleep for their brains to develop. Short naps have also been shown to be good for adults---improving alertness and reaction times.So it feels counterintuitive for a review of 26 studies to conclude that napping in children over two years of age may not be a good idea at all. The review says that after two years of age, napping is associated with going to sleep late at night, poorer quality sleep and waking earlier. So should we discourage naps in preschool children -even if they really seem to need one?Although the review talks about the effects of napping on two-year-olds, most of the evidence in review actually comes from studies on three-year-olds. Also, the authors of the view article are clear that the research on children’s naps is of poor quality; some studies rely on parents’ remembering how much their children slept, or are for very short periods.A study published in the journal of attention disorders in February suffers from some methodological shortcomings (for instance small numbers --only 28 children between the ages of three and four, and only for five days), but is at least a randomized (任意的) controlled trial, using actigraphs (活动记录仪) worn on the wrist to objectively measure sleep. It found that children who missed their naps slept better at night and scored higher in studies of memory and attention.Dr Mark Mahone, one of the authors, says that sleep at night may be of a better quality than during daytime napping. Having a sound sleep at night, he says, provides a greater proportion of the slow-wave, restorative sleep that promotes brain development and reinforces what has been learned the day before. The study also found that the children who went without naps did not sleep more at weekends.I could never get my children to nap, but for parents who can, there is no reason to stop. Mahone says that more research is needed before anyone starts making recommendation, and children’s sleep requirements are known to be variable.74. The word ‘’counterintuitive’’ in para.2 most probably means _____.A. difficultB. unreasonableC. revolutionaryD. meaningless75. What does the author think of the study published in Attention Disoders？A. Its objects are too young to take the testB. Its findings are reliable due to the actigraphsC. It has enough objects to produce the resultsD. It provides various ways to help adults to take naps76. According to Dr Mark Mahone, a better-quality night sleep will result in ______.A. frequent rests on the sofaB. higher efficiency of learningC. more serious attention disorderD. fewer daytime naps at weekends77. The author talks mainly about his or her_______.A. opinions on whether children needs napsB. various systemic studies on children’s napsC. comments on some studies on children’s napsD. understanding of the functions of children’s napsDeath is a serious theme worthy of great poets. For example, John Keats’s “When I Have Fears That I May Cease to Be” and John Donne’s “Death, Be Not Proud” both discuss death in reflective ways. However, the imagery(意象) in these poems shows that while Keats believes that death can only destroy, Donne believes that death can be overcome.Keats is afraid of death, because to him death means the loss of those things that make his life worth living: “On the shore/ of the wide world I stand alone, and think/ Till Love and Fame to nothingness do sink.” Earlier in the poem, Keats says that he hopes this “Love” will be a “high romance” with a “fair creature.” He also says that he hopes the “Fame” he seeks will be the result of the “high piled books” produced by his “crowded brain.” In other words, Keats’s fear is that death is a “nothingness” that will arrive before he can finish his life’s work or find his true love.Donne has a different attitude toward death, and so the imagery in his poem is different, too. To Donne, death should “be not proud,” because it is not “mighty and dreadful.” Unlike Keats, Donne sees death as weak and merely a “slave to Fate, chance, kings, and desperate men.” He also says that death is like “rest and sleep”. Donne believes that we will all wake from the sleep of death to everlasting life, just as we wake from our normal sleep to our everyday lives. In fact, Donne believes that it is death itself that will die: “One short sleep past, we wake forever, / And Death shall be no more; Death, thou shalt die.”Keats and Donne both know that death is a part of life, and both poets use powerful imagery to talk about that difficult theme. The differences in this imagery show two very different attitudes toward the subject, one of which is much more positive than the other. Which poet to believe is up to the reader to decide.Not surprisingly, the readers’ own experiences may play a part in the way they respond to these poets’ approaches. Like the two poets and their beliefs, contemporary readers also may be divided on the subject. This may explain why Keats’s and Donne’s poetry remains fascinating years after their won deaths.66．According to the passage, ________ makes Keats’s life worth living.A. expressing his grand passion for poetryB. walking on the shore with a pretty ladyC. defeating nothingness with his true loveD. pursuing the fame of being a romantic poet67．In Donne’s poems he believes that death is ________ .A. generally powerful and terribleB. only a ceaseless sleepC. merely the loss of work and loveD. hardly worth the fear68．C ontemporary readers may view the two poets’ serious subject differently because ________.A. they are attracted to the two poets’ everlasting opposite beliefsB. they are divided naturally by their positive or negative personalitiesC. their own life experiences affect the understandings of the poemsD. their preferences for the poets’ strong imageries are various69．Which of the following best describes the main writing style of the passage?A. Analysis.B. Argument.C. Comparison.D. Reasoning.。

杨浦新王牌秋季班郭Y老师高三英语第一讲Vocabulary Review ISpelling (P 1-30)选词填空Group 11. The __________ for electricity and gas will be increased next year.2. If he wants to get there by tonight he has no _________ but to go by plane.3. It was _________ that the World Youth and Student Festival would soon be held in Beijing.4.Being able to speak another language fluently is a great _________ when you arelooking for a job.5.Word came that both sides of the war agreed to __________ fire and sign peacecommitments.6.His __________ for gossip is absolutely indecent.7.I'd _________ it very much if you would help me arrange this interview.8.He will go all lengths to __________ his purpose.9.The scientist ___________ his research for lack of funds.10.Only a few people have ___________ to the full facts of the case.Group 21.I bought a coat for only 50p at the sales; it was a real _____________.2.Poor health and lack of money may both be __________ to educational process.3.Now we __________ people for a meeting to discuss this problem.4.His book represents a new __________ to the difficulty.5.My bicycle is not __________, and it is being repaired.6.Between them serious disagreements immediately ____________.7.I can not support a policy of which I have never __________.8.Before they fled the country, the enemy __________ to destroy all the factories.9.On the __________ of expanding both import and export, the corporation placesemphasis on exploring the oversea market.10.We will award __________ to whoever wins the first prize in the match.Group 31. Police have launched a ___________ to crack down on the drugs dealer.2. Why ___________ to go abroad, there are so many nice places to visit at home?3.If we __________ carefully, we will be able to afford a new car.4.Nobody paid attention to her for she was wearing a _________ dress.5.The trees which had been blown down by the strong winds __________ the road.6.The __________ of organizing the campaign fell to me.7.This is a new discovery that had a number of industrial __________.8.Many __________sent money to help the victims of the famine.9.The successful __________ for the post of manager is a child of fortune in hisbirth.10.The corporation has enough __________ to build another factory.Phrases (P1-30)I. Complete the sentences.1. When you go to a foreign country, you must ________ yourself _______ newmanners and customs. (使……适应)2. The visit was __________ __________ expanding relations between the twocountries. (旨在，目标在于)3. Fireworks _________ _________ the attraction of the festival night. (增加，增添)4. I come to ask for permission to ______ ________ ________ school tomorrowmorning. (缺席)5. He was so ________ _______ writing that he was not aware of a knock at the door.(专心致志于)6.Many large enterprises have been _________ _________ from small businesses.(逐步建立，增强)7. Never ______ ______ _______ your exams. (焦虑)8.He is trying to think of the topics that will ________ ________ youngsters. (吸引)9.The twins are so much alike that their own mother can hardly _________ them__________. (分辨)10. In this way they can better __________ theory to __________. (应用)11. Many people __________ dark clouds __________ depression and gloom. (联想)12. Then the car I was in __________ __________, so I had to walk home.(发生故障)13. The wind __________ __________ the clothes on the line. (被风等吹走)14. The government __________ __________ the citizens to oppose waste and carryout garbage classification. (呼吁)15.The scientists hope to _________ _________ soon in their fight against heartdiseases. (取得突破)16. I can _________ you _________ the reliability of the information. (保证)17. They __________ __________ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.(坚持，继续)18. The man has been __________ __________ receiving stolen goods.(因某事控告某人)19. The country will probably __________ __________ _________ and surpassAmerica in industrial production and military forces. (赶上)20. Scientists say that many factors __________ __________ changes in the weather.(引起，造成，导致)Translation (P 1-30)1．除了经理没有人可以阅读这些文件。

高三英语中译英1. 由于大雾，从上海飞往北京的航班晚延误了近两个小时。

（because of）Because of the heavy fog, the flight from Shanghai to Beijing was delayed nearly two hours.2. 每一种药物都有副作用，对健康可能造成伤害。

（bad）Every drug has some side effects which may be bad for one’s health.3. 你不应该将此事归咎于她，她是无辜的。

（blame）①You shouldn’t blame it on her, for she is innocent.②You shouldn’t blame her for it, for she is innocent.4. 众所周知，知识始于实践。

（begin）It is known to all that knowledge begins with practice.5. 父母双方必须对养育子女承担同等的责任。

（bring）Parents must be equally responsible for bringing up children.6. 这部以真人真事为原型的电影很感人。

（base）The movie based on a true story is very moving.7. 做志愿者的经历让我受益匪浅。

（benefit）① I benefit a lot from the experience of working as a volunteer.② The experience of working as a volunteer benefits me a lot.8. 人民普遍认为吸烟有害健康。

（It…）It is generally believed that smoking dose harm to health. 9. 他从图书馆借了一些参考书而不是侦探小说。