Unit 1
不丹1999才引进电视，是世界上最后一个开放电视与网络的国家，手机和互联网的普及率( penetration )分别仅为30%和5%，几乎与现代化世界格格不入。大多数人没有手机，也不上互联网，因此不太可能成为低头族( phubber )或者晚睡族(nightpersons)。在别的国家拼命发展经济、不惜代价提升GDP时，不丹追求的是国民幸福总值( Gross National Happiness)。他们乐于吸取现代技术的益处，但要按照自己的步伐，根据自己的需要，在自已觉得合适的时机去进行。他们同样渴望经济繁荣，但不会以牺牲他们所珍视的传统和文化为代价。
Bhutan did not introduce TV until 1999, and is the last country that is open to TV and the Internet. Its mobile phone and Internet penetrations are as low as 30% and 5% respectively, almost out of tune with the modernized world. Now that the majority of its people have no mobile phones and no access to the Internet, they have little odds of being phubbers or night persons. While the other countries are striving desperately to develop economy and boost GDP at all costs, what Bhutan pursues is GNH (Gross National Happiness). They are willing to take advantage of modern technology, but would do it at their own pace, according to their own needs and at their own proper time. Although likewise thirsting for economic prosperity, Bhutan refuses to realize it at the price of their cherished tradition and culture.
Unit 2
中国的科举制度( the imperial examination system in China) 最早始于隋朝，历经1300多年。在中国古代，阶级意识( class consciousness )分明( distinct)，下层社会鲜有机会在朝廷(court)占一席之地。但自从引进科举选拔制度后，寒门子弟( scholars from poor families )得以参加考试，有机会光宗耀祖( bring honor to one'sfamily)。这种人才选拔制度不仅对中国封建社会( feudal society)的政治、经济、教育、文化观念和社会风尚有重大影响，还影响到了周边国家如日本、朝鲜、越南的教育体制。在某种程度上，中国现行的教育体制也选择性地继承( inherit)了科举考试的一些优越之处。
The imperial examination system in China began to be put into practice in the Sui Dynasty and lasted more than 1,300 years. In ancient China, class consciousness was distinct and people from lower classes had little chance to gain a position in the official court. But once the imperial examination system was introduced, scholars from poor families had opportunitiesto take the government exams, which enabled them to bring honor to their families. Such a talent-selection system had great impact not only on the politics, economy, education, cultural concepts and social customs in Chinese feudal society, but also on the education systems of such neighboring countries as Japan, Korea and
Vietnam. To some extent, China's current education systemhas selectively inherited some advantages from the imperial examination system.
Unit 3
作为一名管理者，我曾在四家以激情和创造力著称的企业任职。我很少用一种自上而下的(top: down)方式为每一-名员工安排工作。我更愿意将自己与员工放在一一个平等的位置上，把自己视作激励者、协调人或沟通桥梁，而非传统意义上的领导者、督促者或命令中心。21 世纪为经理人提出了更高、更全面的要求。为了从一个传统的“管理者”转变为一名成功的“领导”，我们需要为所有员工营造一种充满激情和创新的环境。从这个意义上说，领导力不是一一种方法或技能，而是种独特的艺术。
As a manager/an administrative officer, I have worked in four enterprises well known for their great passion and creativity. Rarely do I assign tasks for my employees in a top-down manner. I prefer to place myself on an equal footing with my employees, regarding myself as one to motivate, coordinate or communicate with them, rather than one to lead, monitor or command. The 21st century has set up a higher and more comprehensive standard for managers. Turning from the traditional role of the manager to a successful leader, we need to create an environment filled with passion and innovation for all employees. In this sense, rather than a method or technique, leadership is actually a unique art.
Unit 4
传统中国绘画形成了一个独特的艺术流派( school of fine art)，无论风格还是技巧都与世界上其他艺术]类迥然不同。传统的日本绘画可能算是唯一的例外，但毋庸置疑的是它深受中国文化的影响。传统中国绘画最为人熟知的莫过于水墨画(ink andwash painting )。中国人绘画采用毛笔蘸(dip)墨汁或颇料，灵巧地挥酒(wield)于纸上。画家用或深或浅、成浓或谈的线和点构成幅图画。在优秀面文的手国、无化基非常具有表现力(pestee。正因为如此，它们不仅是给面的工具，也被现为艺术追求的象征。
Traditional Chinese painting constitutes a unique school of fine art, a school that is distinctly different from any other fine art schools in the world, either in style or in techniques. Traditional Japanese fine art may be the only exception, but there is no doubt that it is heavily influenced by Chinese culture. No other traditional Chinese painting is better known than ink and wash painting. The Chinese do paintings with brushes, dipping their brushes in ink or paint and then skillfully wielding them on the paper. Painters produce pictures with lines and dots -- some heavy, some light, some deep, and some pale. In the hands of an outstanding painter, brushes and ink can be highly expressive. Because of this,
