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纺织品专业词汇翻译中英文对照表纺织品[转]纺织品专业词汇翻译中英文对照表纺织品Braided Fabric 编织物Deformation 变形；走样Fast Colours 不褪色；色泽牢固Punch Work 抽绣Embroidery 刺绣品Acetate Fibre 醋酯纤维Hemp 大麻Damp Proof 防潮Sanforizing, Pre-Shrunk 防缩Textiles 纺织品Crochet 钩编编织物Gloss, Lustre 光泽Synthetic Fibre 合成纤维Chemical Fibre 化学纤维Jute 黄麻Gunny Cloth (Bag) 黄麻布（袋）Mixture Fabric, Blend Fabric 混纺织物Woven Fabric 机织织物Spun Silk 绢丝Linen 麻织物Woolen Fabrics 毛织物（品）Cotton Textiles 棉纺织品Cotton Velvet 棉绒Cotton Fabrics 棉织物（品）Non-Crushable 耐绉的Viscose Acetal Fibre 黏胶纤维Matching, Colour Combinations 配色Rayon Fabrics 人造丝织物Artificial Fibre 人造纤维Crewel Work 绒线刺绣Mulberry Silk 桑蚕丝, 家蚕丝Silk Fabrics 丝织物Silk Spinning 丝纺Linen Cambric 手帕亚麻纱Plain 素色Figured Silk 提花丝织物Jacquard 提花织物Applique Embroidery 贴花刺绣Discolourization 褪色Mesh Fabric 网眼织物Bondedfibre Fabric 无纺织物Embroidered Fabric 绣花织物Flax 亚麻Linen Yarn 亚麻纱Knitting 针织Knitwear 针织品Hosiery 针织物Textile Fabric 织物Ramee, Ramie 苎麻Tussah Silk 柞蚕丝服装－－－Clothes 衣服,服装Wardrobe 服装Clothing 服装Habit 个人依习惯.身份而着的服装Ready-Made Clothes, Ready-To-Wear Clothes 成衣Garments 外衣Town Clothes 外衣Double-Breasted Suit 双排扣外衣Suit 男外衣Dress 女服Tailored Suit 女式西服Everyday Clothes 便服Three-Piece Suit 三件套Trousseau 嫁妆Layette 婴儿的全套服装Uniform 制服Overalls 工装裤Rompers 连背心的背带裤Formal Dress 礼服Tailcoat, Morning Coat 大礼服Evening Dress 夜礼服Dress Coat, Tails 燕尾服,礼服Nightshirt 男式晚礼服Dinner Jacket 无尾礼服(美作:Tuxedo)Full Dress Uniform 礼服制服Frock Coat 双排扣长礼服Gown, Robe 礼袍Tunic 长袍Overcoat 男式大衣Coat 女大衣Topcoat 夹大衣Fur Coat 皮大衣Three-Quarter Coat 中长大衣Dust Coat 风衣Mantle, Cloak 斗篷Poncho 篷却(南美人的一种斗篷)Sheepskin Jacket 羊皮夹克Pelisse 皮上衣Jacket 短外衣夹克Anorak, Duffle Coat 带兜帽的夹克,带风帽的粗呢大衣Hood 风帽Scarf, Muffler 围巾Shawl 大披巾Knitted Shawl 头巾,编织的头巾Fur Stole 毛皮长围巾Muff 皮手筒Housecoat, Dressing Gown 晨衣(美作:Duster) Short Dressing Gown 短晨衣Bathrobe 浴衣Nightgown, Nightdress 女睡衣Pyjamas 睡衣裤(美作ajamas)Pocket 衣袋Lapel (上衣)翻领Detachable Collar 假领,活领Wing Collar 硬翻领,上浆翻领V-Neck V型领Sleeve 袖子Cuff 袖口Buttonhole 钮扣孔Shirt 衬衫Blouse 紧身女衫T-Shirt 短袖圆领衫,体恤衫Vest 汗衫(美作:Undershirt)Polo Shirt 球衣Middy Blouse 水手衫Sweater 运动衫Short-Sleeved Sweater 短袖运动衫Roll-Neck Sweater 高翻领运动衫Round-Neck Sweater 圆领运动衫Suit, Outfit, Ensemble 套服Twinset 两件套,运动衫裤Jerkin 猎装Kimono 和服Ulster 一种长而宽松的外套Jellaba, Djellaba, Jelab 带风帽的外衣Cardigan 开襟毛衣Mac, Mackintosh, Raincoat 橡胶雨衣Trousers 裤子Jeans 牛仔裤Short Trousers 短裤Knickers 儿童灯笼短裤Knickerbockers 灯笼裤Plus Fours 高尔夫球裤,半长裤Braces 裤子背带(美作:Suspenders)Turnup 裤角折边,挽脚Breeches 马裤Belt 裤带Skirt 裙子Divided Skirt, Split Skirt 裙裤Underskirt 内衣Underwear, Underclothes 内衣裤Underpants, Pants 内衣裤(美作:Shorts)Briefs 短内裤,三角裤Panties 女短内裤Knickers 女半短内裤,男用灯笼短裤Brassiere, Bra 乳罩Corselet 紧身胸衣Stays, Corset 束腰,胸衣Waistcoat 背心Slip, Petticoat 衬裙Girdle 腰带Stockings 长袜Suspenders 袜带(美作:Garters)Suspender Belt 吊袜腰带(美作:Garter Belt) Socks 短袜Tights, Leotard 紧身衣裤Handkerchief 手帕Bathing Trunks 游泳裤Bathing Costume, Swimsuit, Bathing Suit 游泳衣Bikini 比基尼泳衣Apron 围裙Pinafore (带护胸)围裙Shoe 鞋Sole 鞋底Heel 鞋后跟Lace 鞋带Moccasin 鹿皮鞋Patent Leather Shoes 黑漆皮鞋Boot 靴子Slippers 便鞋Sandal 凉鞋Canvas Shoes, Rope Soled Shoes 帆布鞋Clog 木拖鞋Galosh, Overshoe 套鞋Glove 手套Tie 领带(美作:Necktie)Bow Tie 蝶形领带Cravat 领巾Cap 便帽Hat 带沿的帽子Bowler Hat 圆顶硬礼帽Top Hat 高顶丝质礼帽Panama Hat 巴拿马草帽Beret 贝蕾帽Peaked Cap, Cap With A Visor 尖顶帽Broad-Brimmed Straw Hat 宽边草帽Headdress 头饰Turban 头巾Natural Fabric 天然纤维Cotton 棉Silk 丝Wool 毛料Linen 麻Synthetic Fabric 混合纤维Acryl 压克力Polyester 伸缩尼龙Nylon 尼龙Worsted 呢料Cashmere 羊毛Patterns 花样Tartan Plaid 格子花(美作:Tartan) Dot 圆点花Stripe 条纹Flower Pattern 花纹花样Veil 面纱颜色－－－Pink 粉红色Salmon Pink 橙红色Baby Pink 浅粉红色Shocking Pink 鲜粉红色Brown 褐色, 茶色Beige 灰褐色Chocolate 红褐色, 赭石色Sandy Beige 浅褐色Camel 驼色Amber 琥珀色Khaki 卡其色Maroon 褐红色Green 绿色Moss Green 苔绿色Emerald Green 鲜绿色Olive Green 橄榄绿Blue 蓝色Turquoise Blue 土耳其玉色Cobalt Blue 钴蓝色, 艳蓝色Navy Blue 藏青色, 深蓝色, 天蓝色Aquamarine Blue 蓝绿色Red 红色Scarlet 绯红, 猩红Mauve 紫红Wine Red 葡萄酒红Purple, Violet 紫色Lavender 淡紫色Lilac 浅紫色Antique Violet 古紫色Pansy 紫罗兰色White 白色Off-White 灰白色Ivory 象牙色Snowy White 雪白色Oyster White 乳白色Gray 灰色Charcoal Gray 炭灰色Smoky Gray 烟灰色Misty Gray 雾灰色End==Wedoliya提供==End++感谢：Handson提供++Begin==Handson提供==Begin 服装专业词汇[分享] 服装专业词汇A 色牢度试验项目Colour Fastness Tests皂洗牢度Washing摩擦牢度Rubbing/Crocking汗渍牢度Perspiration干洗牢度Drycleaning光照牢度Light水渍牢度Water氯漂白Chlorine Bleach Spotting非氯漂白Non-Chlorine Bleach漂白Bleaching实际洗涤（水洗一次）Actual Laundering (One Wash)氯化水Chlorinated Water含氯泳池水Chlorinated Pool Water海水Sea-Water酸斑Acid Spotting碱斑Alkaline Spotting水斑Water Spotting有机溶剂Organic Solvent煮呢Potting湿态光牢度Wet Light染料转移Dye Transfer热（干态）Dry Heat热压Hot Pressing印花牢度Print Durability臭氧Ozone烟熏Burnt Gas Fumes由酚类引起的黄化Phenolic Yellowing唾液及汗液Saliva And Perspiration B 尺寸稳定性（缩水率）及有关试验项目（织物和成衣）Dimensional Stability (Shrinkage) And Related Tests (Fabric & Garment)皂洗尺寸稳定性Dimensional Stability To Washing (Washing Shrinkage) 洗涤/手洗后的外观Appearance After Laundering / Hand Wash热尺寸稳定性Dimensional Stability To Heating熨烫后外观Appearance After Ironing商业干洗稳定性Dimensional Stability To Commercial Drycleaning (Drycleaning Shrinkage)商业干洗后外观(外观保持性）Appearance After Commercial Drycleaning (Appearance Retention)蒸汽尺寸稳定性Dimensional Stability To Steaming松弛及毡化Dimensional Stabilty To Relaxation And Felting缝纫线形稳定性Dimensional Stability For Sewing Thread C 强力试验项目Strength Tests拉伸强力Tensile Strength撕破强力Tear Strength顶破强力Bursting Strength接缝性能Seam Properties双层织物的结合强力Bonding Strength Of Laminated Fabric涂层织物的粘合强力Adhesion Strength Of Coated Fabric单纱强力Single Thread Strength缕纱强力Lea Strength钩接强力Loop Strength纤维和纱的韧性Tenacity Of Fibres And Yarn D 织物机构测试项目Fabric Construction Tests织物密度（机织物) Threads Per Unit Length (Woven Fabric Construction) 织物密度（针织物) Stitch Density (Knittted Fabric)纱线支数Counts Of Yarn纱线纤度（原样）Denier Counts As Received织物幅宽Fabric Width织物克重Fabric Weight针织物线圈长度Loop Length Of Knitted Fabric纱线卷曲或织缩率Crimp Or Take-Up Of Yarn割绒种类Type Of Cut Pile织造种类Type Of Weave梭织物纬向歪斜度Distortion In Bowed And Skewed Fabrics (Report As Received And After One Wash)圈长比Terry To Ground Ratio织物厚度Fabric Thickness E 成分和其他分析试验项目Composition And Other Analytical Tests纤维成分Fibre Composition染料识别Dyestuff Identification靛蓝染料纯度Purity Of Indigo含水率Moisture Content可萃取物质Extractable Matter填充料和杂质含量Filling And Foreign Matter Content淀粉含量Starch Content甲醛含量Formaldehyde Content甲醛树脂Presence Of Formaldehyde Resin棉丝光度Mercerisation In CottonPh值Ph Value水能性Absorbance F 可燃性试验项目Flammability Tests普通织物的燃烧性能Flammability Of General Clothing Textiles布料的燃烧速率（45。
摘要作为目前研究的大热门，激光透明陶瓷已成为激光武器的重要元件。
本次实验用氧化钕，九水硝酸铝，六水硝酸钇，柠檬酸来制备YAG激光透明陶瓷，采用的是溶胶凝胶法，先用氧化钕制得硝酸钕，然后将原料混合，用恒温水浴进行凝胶，然后干燥得到前驱粉，最后对粉体进行烧结，最终制得激光透明YAG陶瓷。
并对制品进行粒度测试、并利用XRD射线分析仪进行分析，对制品性能进行测试。
关键词：YAG 激光透明陶瓷溶胶凝胶法AbstractAt present, laser transparent ceramics has become an important element of laser weapons.This experiment using neodymium oxide, aluminum nitrate, nine water six water yttrium nitrate and citric acid to the preparation of YAG laser transparent ceramics, by the sol gel method, first made with neodymium oxide, neodymium nitrate and then mixing raw materials, with a constant temperature water bath gel, and then get the precursor powder drying, finally to sintering of powders, eventually made transparent YAG laser ceramics.And the product particle size test, and analyzed by XRD ray analyzer, testing products performance.Keywords: YAG;Transparent ceramic laser;Sol gel method0引言陶瓷是我们日常生活中经常使用的东西，传统概念的陶瓷是指人工制成的硅酸盐无机非金属材料。
退火对氧化铟镓薄膜晶体管电学特性的影响赵铭杰;吴天雨;许英朝;徐代升;张继艳【摘要】研究不同气氛中退火的氧化铟镓薄膜晶体管电学性能随退火温度的变化,并采用霍尔效应测试分析氧化铟镓的载流子浓度(Nc)和迁移率(μH)的变化规律,探讨深层次原因.结果表明:退火处理后器件的饱和区场效应迁移率μsat由1.0cm2·(V·s)-1升高至最高12.0 cm2·(V·s)-1,亚阈值摆幅由0.58 V·dec-1(dec代表10倍频程)降至最低0.19 V·dec-1,迟滞现象减弱,但阈值电压(Vth)负向漂移甚至导致器件无法关断;高氧气氛退火可抑制Vth负向漂移.此外,Nc和μH均随退火温度升高而升高;高氧气氛退火可抑制Nc,这可能与氧在薄膜表面吸附,从而修复氧空位有关;氧气退火能更好地修复薄膜中的缺陷.【期刊名称】《厦门理工学院学报》【年(卷),期】2019(027)001【总页数】6页(P41-46)【关键词】薄膜晶体管;氧化铟镓;退火;霍尔效应【作者】赵铭杰;吴天雨;许英朝;徐代升;张继艳【作者单位】福建省光电技术与器件重点实验室, 福建厦门361024;福建省高校光电技术重点实验室, 福建厦门361024;福建省光电技术与器件重点实验室, 福建厦门361024;福建省高校光电技术重点实验室, 福建厦门361024;福建省光电技术与器件重点实验室, 福建厦门361024;福建省高校光电技术重点实验室, 福建厦门361024;福建省光电技术与器件重点实验室, 福建厦门361024;福建省高校光电技术重点实验室, 福建厦门361024;福建省光电技术与器件重点实验室, 福建厦门361024;福建省高校光电技术重点实验室, 福建厦门361024【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TN321.5氧化物薄膜晶体管(thin film transistor，TFT)兼具较高的载流子迁移率和均匀的电学特性[1-4]，适合用于驱动有源矩阵发光二极管显示器，近些年得到了工业界和研究者的广泛关注。
序号分散剂/活性剂的名称简介结构1N-甲基-吡咯化合物（烷酮）2十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)分子式：C18H29NaO3S；分子量：348.48；固体，白色或淡黄色粉末，易溶于水，易吸潮结块；无毒3聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)分子式：(C6H9NO)n；白色或乳白色粉末或颗粒；4阴离子型表面活性剂：木质素磺酸钠（SLS)多聚物；分子量不定；化学结构尚未确定5胆酸钠（SC)分子式：C24H39Nao5；分子量：430.55；白色结晶或无色粉末6高浓度的胆酸钠7十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)分子式： C16H33(CH3)3NBr；分子量：364.446；白色微晶性粉末，吸湿性，在酸性溶液中稳定，易溶于乙醇8聚氧乙烯月桂醚（Brij 35）棕色粘稠液，易溶于水，具有乳化、润湿、分散能力标准情况下熔点约为27℃沸点约100℃密度接近于水约为1.00g/mL，闪点大于110℃折射率 1.462可以用作乳化润湿剂，在橡胶工业中用作分散剂，石油工业和环境保护行业中用作溢油分散剂的组分之一。
也可用作醚酯类非离子型表面活性剂9吐温80分子式：C64H124O26 ；分子量：1309.5 ；浅黄色粘稠液体10曲拉通X100聚乙二醇对异辛基苯基醚；分子式：C34H62O11；分子量：646.86；对人体有害。
11氧化二丁基锡分子式：C8H18OSn ，分子量：248.95 ，白色到微黄色粉末。
熔点 >300℃，水溶性 4.0 mg/L（20℃）。
溶于盐酸，不溶于水及有机溶剂。
遇火自燃；剧毒12Disperbyk-163分散剂 Disperbyk-163 是一种相对分子质量为 17000,的嵌段共聚物，包括亲颜料端的胺基和亲溶剂端的酯基和羧基。
13赖氨酸14聚间亚苯亚乙烯衍生物（PmPV）15DsPE16聚乙烯醇(PVA) 17聚丙烯酰胺购买/自行合成出现的文章结构/机理优缺点These solvents areexpensive and requirespecial care whenhandling可购买liquid phase production ofgraphene by exfoliation ofgraphite insurfactent/water solutions合成工艺成熟、成本价低，可以得到高品质的石墨烯，具有较广阔的应用前景，但是此方法制备的石墨烯浓度较低。
第42卷 第6期Vol.42No.62021年12月Journal of Ceramics Dec. 2021收稿日期：2021‒04‒28。
修订日期：2021‒05‒31。
Received date: 2021‒04‒28. Revised date: 2021‒05‒31.基金项目：装备预研项目(61409220208)。
Correspondent author: MA Xin (1986-), Male, Ph.D., Senior 通信联系人：马 新(1986-)，男，博士，高级工程师。
engineer.E-mail: ****************DOI: 10.13957/ki.tcxb.2021.06.0142D Si 3N 4f /SiBN 热透波复合材料的高温性能研究邱海鹏，马 新，梁艳媛，陈明伟，谢巍杰，王晓猛，赵禹良(1. 中国航空制造技术研究院 复合材料技术中心，北京 101300；2. 先进复合材料重点实验室，北京 101300) 摘 要：连续氮化物纤维增强氮化物复合材料在高温下具备优异的力学性能和介电性能稳定性，有希望应用于高超声速飞行器所需的热透波材料。
以连续Si 3N 4f 纤维为增强体，化学气相沉积BN 为界面层，聚硅硼氮烷(PBSZ)为先驱体，采用先驱体浸渍裂解工艺制备了Si 3N 4f /SiBN 复合材料。
研究了复合材料在高温环境中的力学性能与介电性能，结果表明：在900 ℃以上，氨气气氛裂解时，PBSZ 先驱体中的C 元素可以被有效去除，其陶瓷产率约为53 wt.%～56 wt.%，其裂解产物中C 含量低于0.3 wt.%，Si 含量为38.11 wt.%，B 元素为7.35 wt.%。
Si 3N 4f /SiBN 复合材料的室温弯曲强度为182.3 MPa ，1400 ℃的弯曲强度保留率为44.7%。
高温下，纤维的相变是导致复合材料失效的主要原因。
科普纺织行业各环节可能用到的英语汇总01检验标准用英语质量标准：quality standard(OEKO-TEX STANDARD 100、ISO9002、SGS、ITS、AATCC、M&S）客检：customer inspection台板检验：table inspection经向检验：lamp inspectionF 可燃性试验项目FLAMMABILITY TESTS普通织物的燃烧性能 Flammability Of General Clothing Textiles 布料的燃烧速率（45。
角） Burning Rate Of Cloth (45。
Angle) 瑞典成衣燃烧性能 Sweden Fire Properties Of Apparel Textile G 织物性能试验项目FABRIC FERFORMANCE TESTS耐磨性 Abrasion Resistance抗起毛起球性 Pilling Resistance拒水性 Water Repellency抗水性 Water Resistance折痕回复力 Wrinkle Recovery布料硬挺度 Fabric Stiffness弹性及回复力 Stretch & RecoveryH 羽绒试验项目FEATHER & DOWN THERMAL TESTS羽绒成分分析 Composition Analysis膨松度 Filling Power杂色毛和绒的比例 Black Tip填充料的净重量 New Weight (Conditioned) Of Filling Material 含水率 Moisture Content溶剂可溶物的测定 Determination Of Solvent Solube酸度 Acidity好氧指数 Oxygen Number清洁度 Turbidity Test羽绒布防漏性 Penetration Resistance Of Cloth To Feather & DownI 成衣附件试验项目GARMENT ACCESSORY TESTS(LACE, ZIPPER, BUTTON, BUCKLE, ETC.)洗涤后外观 Appearance After Laundering贮存后外观 Appearance After Storage耐烫性能 Resistance To Ironing拉链强力 Zipper Strength拉链的往复性 Reciprocating Test拉链耐用性 Durability Of Zipper拉链的使用性能 Operability Of Zipper魔术贴剪力 Shear Strength Of Hooks & Loops Fastener (Velcro Tape)魔术贴撕离力 Peeling Strength Of Hooks & Loops Fastener (Velcro Tape)魔术贴分合Consecutive Adhere/ Separation Exercising On Hooks & LoopsFastener (Velcro Tape)金属抛光物的锈蚀/变色试验 Corrosion / Tarnish T est OnMetallic Finishes按钮分开强力 Unsnapping Og Snap Fasteners金属钮扣、铆钮的紧固试验 Security Of Metallics Buttons, Rivets, Ets.按钮的紧固试验 Security Of Snap ButtonJ 其他纺织品测试项目OTHER TEXTILE TESTS适当试验后推荐护理标签Care Instruction/Label Recommendation After Appropriate Testing(T esting Charges Excluded)成衣尺寸测量 Garment Size Measurement硫化染料染色的纺织品的加速老化 Accelerated Ageing Of Sulphur-Dyed Textiles色差判定 Colour Difference AssessmentK 纤维和纱的试验项目FIBRE & TESTS短纤维长度 Fibre Staple Length线形密度 Linear Density纤维直径 Fibre Diameter单根纤维强力 Single Fibre Strength纤维韧性 Tenacity Of Fibre纱支 Yarn Count纱线纤度(原样） Denier Count As Received连续或非连续纤维的识别 Identification Of Continuous/ Discontinuous Fibres每卷经纱长 Length Of Thread Per Roll纱线净重 Net Weight Of Thread单纱强力 Single Thread Strength绞纱强力 Lea Strength线圈强力 Loop Strength纱线韧性 Tenacity Of Yarn纱捻度 Twist Per Unit L填充棉试验 Batting Tests重量 Weight厚度 Thickness纤维含量 Fibre Content树脂含量 Resin ContentL 压缩与回复试验 COMPRESSION AND RESILIENCE TEST 样品分析前准备 Sample Dissection For Analysis Preparation 皂洗尺寸稳定性 Dimensional Stability To Washing机洗/水洗后的外观 Appearance After Laundering / Hand WashM 地毯试验项目CARPET TESTS摩擦色牢度 Colour Fastness To Rubbing光照色牢度 Colour Fastness To Light水渍色牢度 Colour Fastness To Water毛束联结牢度 Tuft Withdrawal Force (Tuft Bind)毛束经密度 Pitches Per Unit Length毛束纬密度 Rows Per Unit Length底布密度 Threads Per Unit Length Of Backing单位面积重量 Weight Per Unit Area表面毛绒密度（只做单层毛毯） Surface Pile Density (Single Level Pile Carpet Only)起绒纱股数 Ply Of Pile Yarn割绒种类 Type Of Cut Pile毛绒或毛圈长度 Pile Or Loop Length毛绒或底部的纤维成分 Fibre Composition Of Pile & Back02整理用英语染色前整理：preminary finishe(pep,pfd) 退浆：desizing染色：dyeing固色：color fixing后整理：after finish/after treatment热定型：heat setting树脂整理：resin finish切割：cut轧花：embossed/logotype涂层：coating（ PVC、PU、PA）涂白：white pigment涂银：silver烫金：gold print磨毛：brushed起皱：crinked/creped轧泡：bubbled丝光：mercerized硬挺：stiffening抗静电：anti-static抗起球：anti-pilling防羽绒：down proof防霉：anti-fungus免烫：wash and wear砂洗：stone washed阻燃：flam retardant环保染色：azo free/no azo防水：W/P（ WATER SHRINKAGE ）拒水：W/R（WATER REPELLENT ）缩水：00W/S （ WATER SHRINKAGE ）印花：printing涂料印花：coat printing拔染印花：discharge printing平网印花：plate scream printing圆网印花：rotary scream printing转移印花：transfer printing烂花：burn out模版印花：block printing纸版印花：paper stencil03设备用英语麦克贝思电脑配色系统：MACBETH “ CLOR –EYE ” COMPUTER COLOR – MATCHING SYSTEM电脑配液系统：“ RAPID –DOSER ” LABORTEX –LABORATORY DOSING SYSTEM VERIVIDE对色灯箱：verivide color assesment cabinet打样：lab dips大货生产：bulk production精练机：desizing machine折幅机：creasing machine卷染：jig dyeing溢流染色：jet overflow dyeing/ bleed dyeing轧染：pad dyeing04染料用英语碱性染料：basic dyes酸性染料：acid dyes活性染料：reactive dyes分散染料：disperse dyes阳离子染料：cation dyes还原染料：vat dyes直接染料：direct dyes硫化染料：sulphur dyes非偶氮染料：azo free dyes05原料用英语涤纶：polyester锦纶：nylon/polyamide醋酸：acetate棉：cotton人棉：rayon人丝：visco仿真丝：imitated stilk fabric真丝：silk氨纶：spandex/elastic/strec/lycra 长丝：filament短纤：spun黑丝：black yarn阳离子：catton三角异形丝：triangle profile空气变形丝：air-jet texturing yarn超细纤维：micro-fibric全拉伸丝：FDY （full drawn yarn）预取向丝：POY（preoriented yarn）拉伸变形丝：DTY（draw textured yarn）。
光学中光滑的英文Title: The Optical Phenomenon of Surface SmoothnessLight, a fundamental aspect of our physical world, has fascinated scientists and philosophers for centuries. One of the intriguing phenomena associated with light is the concept of surface smoothness and its optical implications. In the realm of optics, the smoothness of a surface plays a crucial role in the behavior of light as it interacts with various materials and surfaces.At the most basic level, the smoothness of a surface can be described as the absence of significant irregularities or deviations from a perfectly flat or uniform surface. When light encounters a smooth surface, it interacts with the surface in a predictable manner, exhibiting specific optical properties that are distinct from those observed when light interacts with a rough or uneven surface.One of the primary consequences of surface smoothness in optics is the phenomenon of specular reflection. Specular reflection occurs when light is reflected off a smooth surface in a manner where the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence. This type of reflection is often observed in everyday life, such as the reflection of lightoff a mirror or a still body of water. The smoothness of the surface is a critical factor in determining the quality and clarity of the reflected image, as any irregularities or imperfections on the surface can distort or scatter the reflected light.In contrast, when light encounters a rough or uneven surface, the reflection of light is diffuse, meaning that the light is scattered in multiple directions rather than being reflected in a single, predictable direction. This diffuse reflection is responsible for the appearance of many everyday objects, such as matte painted surfaces or rough-texturedmaterials, where the light is scattered in a more random and unpredictable manner.The smoothness of a surface can also influence the refractive properties of light as it passes through the material. Refraction is the bending of light as it transitions from one medium to another, such as from air to glass or water. When light passes through a smooth surface, the refraction is consistent and predictable, allowing for the precise control and manipulation of light beams. This property is essential in the design and manufacture of optical components, such as lenses and prisms, where the smooth surfaces are crucial for achieving desired optical outcomes.Furthermore, the smoothness of a surface can also impact the transmission of light through the material. In the case of transparent materials, such as glass or certain plastics, the smoothness of the surfaces can minimize the scatteringand absorption of light, allowing for efficient transmission and the preservation of image quality. This is particularly important in the design of optical devices, such as camera lenses, where the quality of the transmitted light is crucial for capturing high-resolution images.The importance of surface smoothness extends beyond the realm of optics and has significant implications in various scientific and technological fields. In the field of materials science, the smoothness of a surface can influence the adhesive properties, friction, and wear characteristics of a material. Smooth surfaces can exhibit reduced friction and improved resistance to wear, making them valuable in applications such as mechanical engineering, tribology, and surface coatings.In the semiconductor industry, the smoothness of surfaces is critical for the fabrication of high-performanceelectronic devices. The manufacturing of integrated circuitsand microchips requires the creation of extremely smooth surfaces, often at the nanoscale level, to ensure the accurate deposition of thin films and the precise patterning of features. Any irregularities or roughness on the surface can lead to defects and performance issues in the final devices.Moreover, the smoothness of surfaces plays a crucial role in the development of advanced materials and technologies, such as in the field of nanotechnology. The ability to engineer and control surface smoothness at the nanoscalelevel has opened up new possibilities for the creation of novel materials with unique optical, electronic, and mechanical properties. These materials find applications in areas like quantum computing, energy storage, and medical diagnostics.In conclusion, the optical phenomenon of surface smoothness is a multifaceted and profoundly important aspectof the study of light and its interactions with various materials. The smooth or rough nature of a surface can significantly impact the behavior of light, influencing phenomena such as reflection, refraction, and transmission. The understanding and optimization of surface smoothness have far-reaching implications in a wide range of scientific and technological fields, from optics and materials science to semiconductor fabrication and nanotechnology. As our understanding of the optical properties of smooth surfaces continues to evolve, the potential for innovativeapplications and groundbreaking discoveries in these fields remains vast and exciting.。
金属氧化物薄膜晶体管电特性参数的提取陈文彬;何永阳;陈赞【摘要】采用磁控溅射法制备了底栅反交叠刻蚀阻挡型(ES)金属氧化物薄膜晶体管(α-IGZO TFT),测试了TFT电流-电压特性曲线.根据TFT的一级近似模型,结合实验数据提出了TFT电特性参数提取方法.在TFT的线性区和饱和区采用线性拟合提取了TFT的场效应迁移率和阈值电压,定义了TFT的开态电流和关态电流,在TFT 的亚阈值区分别采用线性拟合和一阶导数的方法提取了TFT的亚阈值摆幅.通过筛选测试条件和数据拟合范围,得到α-IGZO TFT线性区和饱和区场效应迁移率和阈值电压分别为6.27 cm2/V·s和7.7 V;7.24 cm2/V·s和4.3V,α-IGZO TFT的开关比和亚阈值摆幅分别为109和272 mV/dec.【期刊名称】《实验室研究与探索》【年(卷),期】2018(037)011【总页数】4页(P42-44,48)【关键词】金属氧化物薄膜晶体管;电特性参数;刻蚀阻挡型【作者】陈文彬;何永阳;陈赞【作者单位】电子科技大学光电信息学院,成都610054;电子科技大学光电信息学院,成都610054;电子科技大学光电信息学院,成都610054【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TN321+.5;G4820 引言薄膜晶体管技术是平板显示的核心技术[1]，其所采用的半导体材料经历了氢化非晶硅(α-Si:H)、纳米晶硅和低温多晶硅(LTPS)的发展[2-3]。
近年来更是出现了以α-IGZO为代表的金属氧化物TFT[4-5]，国内也已经将α-IGZO TFT引入到了实验教学中[6]。
TFT性能的高低以TFT的特性参数来表征，TFT的特性参数须从TFT电流-电压特性，即转移特性曲线和输出特性曲线中提取。
尽管Shur等建立了精确的α-Si:H TFT和LTPS TFT物理模型[7]，但是，由于物理概念清晰，使用相对简单，TFT的电流-电压特性仍然常用TFT的一级模型来描述，实验室中或新型TFT技术开发中经常用来结合实验数据进行TFT特性参数提取。
J O U R N A L O F M A T E R I A L S S C I E N C E34(1999)5701–5705Fabrication of transparent continuous oxynitride glassfiber-reinforced glass matrix compositeH.IBA,T.NAGANUMA,K.MATSUMURA,Y.KAGAWA∗Institute of Industrial Science,The University of Tokyo,7-22-1,Roppongi,Minato-ku,Tokyo106-8558,JapanE-mail:kagawa@iis.u-tokyo.ac.jpUnidirectional-aligned continuous SiCaAlONfiber-reinforced glass matrix composites have been fabricated and their light transmittance was measured.Optically transparent composites with thefiber volume fraction from0.03to0.10were fabricated by ahot-pressing method.The light transmittance of the composite perpendicular to thefiber axis in the wavelength range from200to700nm was measured,and found to decrease with the increase of thefiber volume fraction.This decrease is explained by the theory proposed by the authors(Hl and YK).The major source of a light transmittance loss of the composite originates from a phase change of transmitted light in the composite.C 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers1.IntroductionThe incorporation of continuous ceramicfibers into glass materials has been shown to improve the strength and fracture resistance of the materials[1–4].How-ever,the light transmittance of glass materials at visible wavelengths disappeared after incorporation of thefiber into the glass matrix because of the poor light transmit-tance of thefiber.This non-transparent property of the composite limits its applicationfields even though high strength and high fracture resistance are added to the glass materials.To overcome this problem,the authors recently re-ported the possibility of fabrication of optically trans-parent short oxynitride glassfiber-reinforced glass matrix composites[5–7].It was clear,however,that the maximum efficiency of the reinforcingfiber was obtained by the incorporation of continuousfibers. Therefore,if optically transparent continuousfiber-reinforced glass matrix composite is obtained with a small loss of the light transmittance of a glass matrix, the composite was expected to open new application fields.The potential of the composite has not yet been reported,however.The aim of this paper is to show the possibility of fabricating optically transparent continu-ousfiber-reinforced glass matrix composite.2.Experimental procedureOptically transparent continuous oxynitridefiber (SiCaAlONfiber,Shimadzu Corp.,Kyoto,Japan)was used as a reinforcement material[7].The continuous fiber with a diameter(2R f)of20µm was supplied in a form of100fibers per unit bundle.Before slurry infil-tration into thefiber bundle,thefiber was fully cleaned ∗Author to whom all correspondence should be addressed.with acetone to remove the starch coating of thefiber. SiO2(31mol%)-B2O3(36mol%)-BaO(18mol%)-La2O3(15mol%)glass powder with an average di-ameter of25µm was used as a matrix.Table I lists properties of thefiber and matrix[7,8].Fig.1illustrates the fabrication process of the com-posite.The matrix glass powder was mixed with water to form a slurry.The cleaned oxynitridefiber bundle was made to pass through the slurry and then dried by heated air.The glass-adheredfiber bundle was then wound uniformly onto a drum to obtain prepreg tape. The prepreg tape was dried,cut and aligned unidi-rectionally,and put into a boron-nitride coated steel die.Then,the prepreg sheet was set on hot-pressing equipment,preheated in air at773K for0.72ks and heated to1003K with a heating rate of50K/min. The temperature of the steel die was measured by a chromel-almel thermocouple embedded in the side of the die.When the temperature reached1003K,the temperature was held for0.3ks without applied pres-sure to achieve uniform temperature distribution.Af-ter the holding,a pressure of50MPa was applied to the prepreg tape by a press and the pressure was again held for60min.The hot-pressed composite was then cooled to room temperature at a rate≈−5K/min.The fabricated composite was removed from the die when the temperature reached room temperature(≈297K). For the purpose of comparison,a monolithic matrix glass was also fabricated under the exactly the same processing temperature-time schedule.In this case,the glass powder was put directly into the steel die and hot-pressed.Thefiber volume fraction was varied by controlling the amount of glass powder used during preparation0022–2461C 1999Kluwer Academic Publishers5701T A B L E I Some properties of the fiber and matrixSiCaAiON fiberMatrix Coefficient of thermal expansion,7.77.9α(×10−6K −1)Refractive index,n D (λ=589.3nm) 1.704 1.704Young’s Modulus,E (GPa)13060Room temperature strength (MPa)3000–5000a30–40ba Tensile strength.bThree point flexural strength with a specimen of 50×50×3mm (thick)with a span length 30mm.Figure 1Schematic illustration of the fabrication process of the com-posite.of the slurry.The actual fiber volume fraction of each composite,however,was identified individually by de-termining the total fiber area in the transverse cross-sectional area of the specimen under an optical micro-scope.Typical thickness of the hot-pressed composite and monolithic glass matrix was ≈1.5mm with the fiber volume fraction of ≈0.03,0.05,and 0.1.The micro-structure of the composite was observed under reflec-tive light and cross-polarized transmission light using a conventional optical microscope (BUH,Olympus Co.,Ltd.,Tokyo,Japan).The surfaces of the as fabricated composites per-pendicular to the pressing direction were progressively polished with a conventional metallurgical procedure.Final polishing of the surfaces was done by 1.1µm dia-mond paste.The thickness of the specimen for the mea-surement of light transmittance was 1.0mm (±0.1mm).This means that the surface of the composite perpen-dicular to the fiber axis was used for light transmission measurement.The light transmittance of the polished specimen at a wavelength range from 200to 700nm with the area ≈100mm 2was measured by a transmission optical spectrometer (UV-3100PC,Shimadzu Corp.,Kyoto,Japan)at a fully controlled temperature of 297K (±1K).Resolution of the spectrometer for the wave-length range used was less than 0.1nm.The light transmittance of the monolithic matrix glass and bulk fiber were also measured.The specimen and the procedure were completely identical to those of the composite specimen.3.Results and discussionFig.2shows the typical appearance of the monolithic glass matrix and composites (thickness ≈1mm)with their fiber volume fraction,f .Characters underneath each monolithic glass matrix and composite are legible through these specimens.This evidence indicates that both the matrix and the composites have optical trans-parency in the visible wavelength region.However,as clearly seen in the photograph,the light transmittance of the composite seems lower than that of the monolithic matrix and the light transmittance of the composite de-creases with increase in the fiber volume fraction.The hair-line appearance of the composite,shown in Fig.2,is related to the differences of the light transmittance of this local high and low volume fraction region.More uniform fiber distribution is required to obtain full light transmittance of the composite by modification of the preparation process of the prepreg tape and glass matrix flaw during the hot-pressing.Fig.3shows the light transmission spectra of the monolithic glass matrix,fiber,and composites.The light transmittance of the fiber is nearly zero at the wavelength shorter than ≈280nm.This is natural because the glass material for the fiber has a strong inherent absorption below this wavelength.Above ≈280nm,the transmittance increases with increase in the wavelength up to ≈77%and the transmittance saturates at λ≈400nm.The light transmittance of the monolithic glass matrix continuously rises with the increase in wavelength and the rate of increase changes at wavelength ≈350nm.At a wavelength longer than 300nm,the light transmittance of the composite gradu-ally increases.Fig.4shows the plots of the normalized light transmittance of the composite, T c ,at λ=589nm (Na-D ray)versus fiber volume fraction,f .Here,the light transmittance of the composite,T c ,is normalized by the light transmittance of the monolithic matrix glass,T m ,at the same wavelength,i.e.,T c =T cT m.(1)The light transmittance of the monolithic glass matrix is also plotted as f =0.The figure suggests that the light transmittance of the composite decreases rapidly with the increase in fiber volume fraction.5702Figure 2Appearance of the hot-pressed glass matrix (a)and composites (b)f =0.03,(c)f =0.05,(d)f =0.10.Figure 3Light transmission spectra for the fiber,matrix,andcomposite.Figure 4Plots of the normalized light transmittance of the composite,T c ,versus fiber volume fraction,f ,at λ=589nm.In general,light attenuation in solid materials is usually discussed with the Rayleigh scattering,(the fiber radius,R f λ),Rayleigh-Gans-Debye scattering (R f ≈λ),and/or Mie scattering (R f is comparable insize or a little larger than the wavelength)[9–11].The light transmittance of the monolithic glass matrix,T m ,for monochromatic light ∗is given by [12]T m =1− n 0m −n a2 n 0m +n a2exp(−αd )(2)where αis the loss factor,d is the thickness of the speci-men,n 0m is the refractive index of the monolithic matrix (n 0m =1.704),and n a is the refractive index of air (1.000[13]).The slightly lower value of the light transmit-tance of the monolithic matrix glass than the prediction by Equation 2(T m =0.869)indicates the existence of micro-scale light scattering sources in the hot-pressed monolithic matrix glass.However,obtained T m and αindicate that the effects of this micro-scale light scat-tering of the matrix phase (≈1mm)are assumed to be quite small on the light transmittance of the thin com-posite.In this experiment,the diameter of the fiber (2R f =20µm)is much larger than the wavelength of light at visible wavelength region (R f λ).In such case,the light scattering by the existence of the fiber is an im-portant factor to reduce light transmittance.Recently,Iba and Kagawa [14]showed the theoretical form of the light transmittance of a continuous fiber-reinforcedcomposite with (n c f −n cm ) 1and with R f λ,where n c f and n c m are the refractive indices of the fiber and ma-trix in the composite,respectively.This theory success-fully explained the light transmittance of continuous glass fiber-reinforced epoxy matrix composites [14].The theory concludes that the major factor of the light extinction in an unidirectionally reinforced composite∗Hereafter,the refractive indices and the light transmittance at λ=589nm are used.5703Figure 5Light attenuation model in an unidirectionally aligned contin-uous fiber-reinforced composite.is the accumulation of phase shift of a light when the light pass through the composite.The refractive indices of the fiber and matrix after fabrication differ from those of raw materials by a ther-mal misfit strain [15].The approximate value of thermal misfit strain,εT ,is given byεT ≈T0(αf −αm )dT(3)where αf and αm are the coefficients of thermal expan-sion of fiber and matrix,respectively, T is the temper-ature difference between the stress free temperature and room temperature.Here,the stress free temperature is assumed to be the same as the processing temperature.In this experiment,the thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber and matrix,respectively,are 7.7×10−6and 7.9×10−6K −1.The misfit strain estimated from Equa-tion 3using T =700K is ≈1.4×10−4.This valueis small enough to cause large changes in n c f and n cmfrom their initial values:the change of (n c f −n cm )is an order of 10−4.The condition of the Iba-Kagawa theory((n c f −n cm ) 1and R f λ)is satisfied in this study.According to the theory [14],the light transmittance of the unidirectional continuous fiber-reinforced com-posite perpendicular to fiber axis, T c ,is given byT c =1−2Q ext (ρ)f d R f √f π(4)andQ ext (ρ)=2ρπ/20sin(ρcos γ)sin 2γd γ(5)where Q ext is an extinction function [9],γis the angleof incidence to fiber,and ρis 2π(n c f −n cm )R f /λ.Fig.5shows a light attenuation model for a fiber in a unidirec-tionally aligned fiber-reinforced composite.This theory assumes that the major light loss during light transmit-tance in the unidirectional continuous fiber-reinforced composite is due to phase shift of light passed through the fibers with the refractive index different from that ofsurrounding matrix under a condition of (n c f −n cm ) 1and R f λ.The calculated results are normalized by T m (≈0.869)and the results are shown in Fig.4by bro-ken line (2R f =20µm,(n c f −n c m )=0.0032,†and d =1.0mm are used for the calculation).This agree-ment between the experiment and theory confirms that the light transmittance loss is due to accumulation of a phase shift slightly enlarged by misfit strain when a light passes through the fibers.4.Concluding remarksThe present results demonstrate the possibility of fab-ricating a new type of optical-base continuous glass fiber-reinforced glass matrix composite.However,pre-liminary study of mechanical evaluation of the compos-ite reveals that the maximum achieved three-point bend strength of the composite is ≈50MPa (f =0.03).This strength level is nearly the same order as that of a mono-lithic glass material fabricated by the same hot-pressing condition.Controlling both optical and mechanical in-terface properties while keeping the expense of light transmittance low is the key to improving the mechan-ical properties of this composite.AcknowledgementThe authors would like to thank Mr.H.Minakuchi and Mr.K.Kanamaru,Shimadzu Corp.for the supply of oxynitride fiber.The authors would also like to thank Dr.T.Chang and Mr.K.Nojima for preparation of the composite specimen.References1.D .C .P H I L I P S ,J.Mater.Sci.9(1974)1847.2.K .M .P R E W O and J .J .B R E N N A N ,J.Mater.Sci .15(1980)463.3.Idem.,ibid.17(1982)1201.4.J .J .B R E N N A N and K .M .P R E W O ,ibid.17(1982)2371.5.T .C H A N G and Y .K A G A W A ,Seisan-Kenkyu (Report of the Institute of Industrial Science,The University of Tokyo)46(1994)34.6.P .K A N G U T K A R ,T .C H A N G ,Y .K A G A W A ,M .J .K O C Z A K ,H .M I N A K U C H I and K .K A N A M A R U ,Ceram.Eng.Sci.Proc.14(1993)963.7.H .I B A ,T .C H A N G ,Y .K A G A W A ,H .M I N A K U C H I and K .K A N A M A R U ,J.Amer.Ceram.Soc.79(1996)881.8.S H I M A D Z U C O R P O R A T I O N ,Kyoto,Japan:Technical Data Sheet of Shimadzu Oxynitride Fiber (1992).9.H .C .V A N D E H U L S T ,in “Light Scattering by Small Particles”(Dover,New York,1981).10.M .N I E T O -V E S P E R I N A S ,in “Scattering and Diffraction in Physical Optics”(John Wiley &Sons,Inc.,New York,1991).†The value of this parameter also includes errors by the anisotropy of thermal misfit strain,geometrical factors such as fiber wearing and misalignment of the fiber axis.570411.A.I S H I M A R U,in“Electromagnetic Wave Propagation,Radia-tion,and Scattering(Prentice Hall,Englewood Cliffs,1991). 12.H.B A C H and N.N E U R O T H,in“The Properties of OpticalGlass”(Springer-Verlag,Berlin,1995).13.E.H E C H T,in“Optics”(Addison-Wesley Pub.Co.,Massachusetts,1987).14.H.I B A and Y.K A G A W A,Phil.Mag.B78(1998)37.15.Y.K A G A W A,H.I B A,M.T A N A K A,H.S A T O and T.C H A N G,Acta Mater.46(1998)265.Received10Marchand accepted21June19995705。
