09考研英语词汇速记宝典 (徐绽)-1

09T1Habits are a funny thing . We reach for them mindlessly , setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine.翻译1：习惯是一件很有趣的事情。

我们在无意识中就做成了，把我们的大脑置于一种自动和放松，从而进入熟悉的方式的无意识的舒服。

词汇：mindlessly adv. 不用脑子地, 不费心思地auto-pilot 自动导航routine n. 例行公事, 日常事务, 常规adj. 例行的; 一般的, 平凡的Set on 攻击, 怂恿, 前进and relaxing 和setting 并列做后面分句的主语，轻松的进入...翻译2：惯是一件很有趣的事情。

我们不用动脑子就能做成，怂恿我们的大脑变成一种自动导航和放松的状态，从而进入熟悉的日常事务的无意识的舒服。

翻译3：习惯是件有趣的事情。

在无意识的状态下我们会按习惯形式，将大脑设置为自动驾驶模式，轻松地进入由常规惯例带来的无意识的舒适状态。

“Not choice , but habit rules the unreflecting herd,”William Wordsworth said in 19th century . In the ever-changing 21st century , even the word “habit” carries a negative implication .翻译1：“没有选择，但是习惯规定了不反应的机制，”WW在19世纪时说。

在许多事情都变了的21世纪，以至于“习惯”这个词都带有一种消极的暗示。

词汇：rulen. 规则, 统治, 惯例v. 统治, 管辖; 裁决, 控制, 支配;划; 统治, 管辖; 作出裁决; 控制, 支配; 维持在某一水平unreflecting adj. 不反射的; 无思虑的; 不反省的herd n. 兽群, 牧人, 人群v. 聚在一起, 成群; 群集, 放牧, 使成群implication n. 含意, 暗示翻译2：“没有选择，但是习惯控制了不加思考的人群，”WW在19世纪时说。

词汇记忆方法一、理化二、俗话三、固化Bushism 霸权主义Maoism 毛泽东思想Daoism/ Taoism 道教Scribe 写describe 写下来——描写descriptionascribe a 表示to 把什么归于，是什么的原因asscriptioninscribe in表示里面（往里面写）镌刻，铭刻，雕刻inscription 碑文prescribe pre表示先的意思（先写出来），医生开处方，规定，约束prescription 处方，规定，条款preview 预览prehistory 史前的preschool 学前的precaution 预防措施（未雨绸缪）prepay 预付precondition 前提条件prewar 战前circulation 发行量subscribe （sub 表示under ）捐款；订购subscription 订阅量subway地铁,subarea 分区，sublet 分租；转租subtitle 副标题subeditor 副编辑subagent 副代理人subtropical 亚热带subconscious 潜意思的suburban 郊区manuscript （manu 表示hand）手抄本；原稿manual 手工的manufacture v制造、加工manufacturer 制造商，生产商（fac表示do 的意思）factory (tory表示场所，do的场所) 工场benefactor 好人（捐助者,施主；恩人）(bene 女人，表示好) malefactor 坏人（犯罪分子）（male 男人，表示坏）benediction 祝福malediction 诅咒,咒骂跟mal 有关的词没好词malfunction 故障, 障碍(机能失常)maldevelopment 畸形,变形malnutrition 营养不良malpractice 玩忽职守, 渎职, 不法行为dormitory (door 表示sleep 的意思，休息的场所) 宿舍dormant volcano 休眠性火山，死火山（en 表示使动用法）endorm （使入睡）催眠enable 使能够(mit 表示send 发送)manumit 释放，解放submit 屈服；提交，呈送remit (re 表示back) 寄回, 传送dict 说predict(先说)预言diction (说的名词) 措词，辞令dictum (um名词后缀，著名的人说的)宣言,声明；名言,格言dictionary (关于措词、辞令的书) 词典dictationdictate v (别人说，你来写) 1、写2、口授3、支配dictator （报听写的人很恶心）独裁者contradict (反着说) 矛盾edict (e做前缀表示out ,当局者说出来的) 法令；布告visit （vi 表示see , it 表示go ）go and see 就是参观revise (写完作文再看看) 修改无词根词缀的记忆chaos ['keiɔs] (“吵”死) 混乱enigma [ɪ'nɪgmə] .难于理解的问题、人、物、情况等;奥秘（诶，你干嘛？搞不懂）catastrophe [kə'tæstrəfi] (卡塌一生四处飞) n.灾祸, 灾难friend r像一只手，不伸手帮助的朋友，就是魔鬼fiend [fi:nd] n.恶魔,魔鬼；…迷,…狂loom （高高的个子，大大的眼睛的美眉很少见）若隐若现bloom 开花，繁荣昌盛，兴盛elegant (leg 拉丁语表示“choose”) （选出来，众里挑一,万里挑一的美女肯定是端庄的，优雅的）优美的, 文雅的，端庄的; 讲究的；简洁的, 简练的pos=put，放 e 动词后缀pose n 姿势、姿态v 摆姿势，佯装(重点意思) v 1、提出2、对...构成/造成威胁1、pose a challenge 提出一个挑战2、pose threat to sth 对...构成/造成威胁eg、Pollution poses thtests to the development of industry . position n 1、职位parttime jop/position 兼职工作fulltime jop/position 全职工作2、standpoint/viewpoint 观点，看法3、be in a position to do sth = be likely to do sth positive (tive 形容词后缀) 1、确定的（放好了的），无疑的be positive about/of 对...确定无疑的2、积极的position factorspossess v （sess 表示sit，做）1、自制，控制（能把自己一直坐着）2、拥有，占有（把东西一直放置）sid 也表sitpreside (pre 表示before) [pri'zaid]vi.主持; 主管president (ent 结尾表人)（能先做下来的人，当然是老大）n.总统, 主席；(大学)校长; 会长; 董事长; 总裁reside （re 表示again ）(一直坐着)逗留；居住; 定居resident 居民city dwellers 城镇居民country dwellers 乡下居民dwell [dwel] (这个地方好，住下来了) vi.居住, 住subside v 1、（能够做下去）沉积，沉淀2、（一个人能把这个事情做下去）平息，摆平subsidence n subsidence formation 凹陷地层元音字母太寂寞了，拉个辅音做个伴assiduous [ə'sɪdʒu:əs] adj (uous形容词后缀，as 表示to，能够一直坐下来的人)刻苦的，勤奋的access （ac 表示to ，cess 表示go）n.通道, 入口；接近[取得]…的方法[权利等]vt.存取(计算机文件) aggressive （ag 表示to，一直往前走）正面：积极的，进取的负面：真强好斗的，挑衅的, 侵略性的progress (pro表示forward ,gress 表示walk ，往前走)进步retrogress ( retro 表示walk) vi.倒退;逆行;退化;堕落congress ( con 表示together,一起走，为了显示民主，大家一起开个会) n.代表大会；国会, 议会表示together 还有（com ,con,co）attach （at 表示to,tach 表示粘，粘上去）vt. & vi.贴上; 系;附上expose （ex 表示out）1、暴露，揭露2、使某人面临、面对expose sb to danger 使某人面临危险sb be exposed to 某人面临exposition n 1、解释，说明2、展示，展览exposure n 暴露，曝光，揭露correct exposure 适度曝光over exposure 过度曝光deposit （de 表示down，银行里面可以看见）1、储蓄、储蓄金2、预付（定金、保证金）3、沉积，沉淀a fixd deposit 定期存款 a current deposit 活期存款currency (cy名词后缀，cur表示run) 流通，货币curriculum (ulum名词后缀，学生跑来跑去的依据) n.总课程occur v 发生recur v 再次发生concur v 同时发生concurrent adj 共同的，同时期的incur v 入侵，侵犯，遭受，蒙受incursion 侵犯，入侵excursive（ex--out）(形容人)散漫的，（形容作品）跑题的robust 乐百氏（喝了，就可以强壮）rejoice 飘柔（用了我的洗发水，你就欢乐了）telephone (tele 表示far ,phone 表示sound 声音)teleplay 电视剧telescript 电视剧本telescope 望远镜telecommunication 远程通信teleconference 远程会议phonetic adj语音的,语音学的phonetics n 语音，语音学phonetist n 语音学家ist 人/ ism 主义，流派typist 打字员novelist 小说家socialist 社会主义者defeatist 失败主义者microphone 麦克风microwave 微波，微波炉sterephone 立体声耳机saxophone ['sæksə,fəʊn] n.<音>萨克斯管symphony (sym 表示same ，同一个时间，发出同一样和谐的声音)n.交响乐, 交响曲sympathy ( path 表示feel ，同一类感情的人，心心相惜)同情entertainer n.(娱乐节目的)表演者;艺人anti-intellectualism 反智力论antiwar 反战的antiageing抗衰老的antiforeign 排外的antithesis [æn'tɪθɪsɪs]对立；对立面；对照；对偶thesis 论文，论点antibacterial 抗菌的antibody 抗体antipathy 反感pervasive ( vas 表示walk ,ive形容词后缀，完全走过的)弥漫的，流行的，普遍的perfect (per 表示fully ,fect 表示do,)infect (在里面做了)影响，感染，传染disinfected 已出去感染的，已消毒的propose（往前放）（想法）提议，（人）提名，（男孩把腿往前放）求婚proposal (n) 提议，提名，求婚proposition （n）1、命题2、中心思想（main idea）1、a mathematical position 一个数学命题2、What is de proposition of the passage?dispose (dis表示不的意思) (不去放)处置,处理,（分开放）排列，组合disable disorder disguisedisposal n 处理,处置；布置,安排at one`s disposal任某人处理disposable 一次性的，可自由支配的disposal chopsticks 一次性筷子steamed bread 馒头fried bread stick 油条disposition n性格，性情，性格倾向；倾向，意向；排列，部署personality 个性，特征，名人temper 脾气good tempered 好脾气的bad tempered 坏脾气的oppose (用积极行动) 反对，对立object 反对（与语言反对）resist 反抗（用武力阻止前进）be opposite of ...对立的，...相反的purpose （pur 表示pro）目的，意图；用途，效果for/with the purpose of doing sth =in order to do sthon purpose 故意的suppose (sup--sub)be supposed to do= should do 应该去做suppose that / supposing that =if 引导的条件状语从句provided that /providing that =ifimpose (im—on .pose--put)1、把...强加给2、征税3、利用2 、impose a fine/tax on sb 征税/处以罚款3、impose on one`s kindness 利用某人的善良compose 1、（把东西放在一起）组成、合成2、（把音符放在一起）谱曲3、（把文字放在一起）写作4、（把图表放在一起）绘图5、（把两个吵架的人放在一起）调解，使平静be composed of / be made up of / consist of / comprise...由...组成decompose 分解~~ compound into its elementsdecontrol 失控dewater 除去水分deforest 砍伐森林detach 拆卸depose 罢免decode 解码encode 编码air force 空军enclose 装入，围绕，环绕enslave 奴役widen 拓宽play words 语义双关365页2004 text2eye—catching 引人注目的eye—opening 很有启发性的，使人吃惊的heart—breaking 心碎的a wait—and—see attitude 观望的态度insensitive （sens =feel,感觉）不敏感的sensible 民智的sensory 感觉的，知觉的sensory organ 感官sentiment （ment 名词后缀）感情sentimental adj 多愁善感的consent (感觉在一起) 同意,答应consensus 一致意见、一致观点resent(re表示反) vt.对…感到愤怒resentment 反感,愤恨,怨恨dissent(dis—不) 不同意，否定dissension 争论，纠纷，分歧1994 text2auto=selfautobiography( bio 表示life ，graph表示write) 自传autonomy(nomy 表示治理) 自治autocriticism 自我批评telegraph 电报paragraph (para 表示在...旁边) 段落parasite （site 场所）（在主人旁边）门人，门客（寄宿在主体旁）寄生虫photograph (potho 表示光)（光在底片上写）照片photosensitive 感光的photosensitive materials 感光材料scatter (er可以表示一种动作反反复复)vt. & vi.(使)散开, (使)分散;驱散vt.撒n.零星少数; 少量stagger 踉踉跄跄的走路，shatter （反反复复不断的打）vt.砸碎, 粉碎；大大扰乱; 毁坏chatter v 喋喋不休，说别人闲言碎语waver vi.摇摆; 摇晃; 动摇，（人内心）犹豫不定hover vi.(鸟等)盘旋；(人)徘徊, 走来走去；犹豫, 摇摆不定glitter(gli 表示light ) 闪闪烁烁2000 英译汉backI back you! 我支持你The board backed me.这个板子构成了我的背景Back the car and turn right . 倒车，然后后转。

2009考研打乱英语词汇表（新东方考研名师精选，完全搞定考研变态核心词汇）absurd 荒谬的abundance 富裕，富有，丰富abuse 滥用；虐待，谩骂accelerate 加速access to 进入，接近accessible 可见到的，易处理的；可接近的，容易得到的；容易理解的accommodate 适应；提供住宿accomplishment 成绩，成就account for 说明（原因等）accounting 结算；会计accuracy 准确度accuse…of…指责，控告acknowledge 承认；鸣谢acquaintance 熟悉；熟人acquisitive 贪婪的，渴望获得的activate 激活，使活动acute 敏锐的；（病）急性的adaptiveness 适应能力，适应性additional 额外的。

新的adjoin 毗连，靠近adjust to 适应administration 管理局，（一届）政府；行政管理adopt 收养，采用advance 进步，发展；前进advisable 可取的，适当的advisory 顾问的advocate 倡导者aeronautics 航空术；飞行术affect 影响affiliate 分公司。

附属机构；v。

使奴隶（或附属）于affinity 密切关系；类同afford 提供affrike 非洲after all 毕竟against the background 以…为背景agency 专业行政部门；代理行，代理关系aggressive 大胆的；侵略性的aging 老化agony （极度的）痛苦，创痛aim at 目的在于，瞄准aimlessness 无目的性alien 不相容的；陌生的，国外的all that is needed…只需all too 太attach importantce of 重视attach to 贴上，系上；使附属，使依恋attendant 伴随的，随之而产生的；出席的；n.出席者，服务员attention span 注意力的持续时间attractive 有吸引的attribute…to 将…归因于augment 充实，扩充，增加，扩大authentic 真正的，可靠的authorities 当局，机构authority 权威autonomous 自治的，自主的available 可利用的；可取得联系的，可得到的alphabetically 按字母顺序alternative 其他的，二者选一的amateur 业余人士；业余活动ambition 报复；野心amongst 在…的中间，在…之间ample 充分的，富裕的；宽敞的analogous（to）类似的，相似的analyst 分析家ancestor 祖先and so forth 等等anecdote 轶事，趣闻annoy使烦恼，使生气anti-colonial 反殖民主义的anti-consumerism 反消费主义anti-intellectualism 反智力，反学识anything but 决非，远非apart from 除了；分开apparently 明显地appeal to 申诉，上诉；吸引appliance 电器apply to 适用于，存在于；应用于approach 探讨；处理，对待appropriateness 适宜性，合适性arise from 由…引起，由…产生articulately 清晰明白地artificial 矫揉造作的，人造的；人为的a (whole)host of 大量，众多a good number许多人（或物）a matter of…的问题a range of 众多的a series of 一系列a set of 一系列；一套a sort of 某种a spell of 一段时间a storm of media protest 暴风雨般的媒体抗议a stream of 一连串，大量a variety of 种种，各种as…..put it 用…的话说as a reaction to 作为对…的反应as legend would have it 像传说中的那样as long as 只要as opposed to 与…相对（或相反），而不是as protection against 作为对…的防备（或保护）as such 这样的as they have in the past 一如既往地as well 也as well as 像…一样好；既…又as yet 到目前为止，迄今为止aspect 方面aspire to 追求，渴望assemble 组装，装配；集合assert 断言，宣称assess 评价，评估assign…to 把…归因于assimilate 同化associated with 与…有关系，与…相联系assumption假定，设想；采取，承担，呈现at a minimum 在最低程度，在最小数量，在最低限度at all 完全，根本at best 充其量，至多at the expense of 以…为代价at the mercy of 任凭…的摆布，完全受…的支配at the outset 一开始be accused of 被指责，被控告be adapted to 适应be aware of 意识到，知道be blamed for 因为…而受到指责be bombarded with 被轰炸，被连续发送be bound to 注定，必定be bound up with 与…密切相关be charged with 承担，负责，被控告be confined to 局限于be essential to 对…而言必不可少be exposed to 接触，暴露于…中be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事be limited to （局）限于be linked to 与…有关be marked by 特点是，以…为特点be obliged to sb./sth. 感激某人或某事be occupied with 被…所占据be opposed to 反对be put up for 供（出售或拍卖）等be reduced to 简化为，还原为，沦为be regarded as 被认为be relevant to 与…有关be rooted in 根源在于be spread over 持续，分布be supposed to 应该，可以be treated to 以…款待be true of 对…适用，符合baby boom 生育高峰backbone 基本格式；骨干，脊柱background 背景back-up 替补的，备份的bacteria 细菌的bad taste 品味不佳的bait 以诱饵引诱；n.饵，诱惑物ballot 投票bank on 依赖，指望barely 仅仅，几乎不barn 牲口棚，粮仓barrier 障碍，屏障behavioral 行为的belt tightening 紧缩开支beneficence 行善，善行，馈赠betray背叛，出卖，暴露beyond dispute 无可置疑，不容争辩；很明确binding 有约束力的bioethics 生物伦理学biomass （单位面积或体积内）生物的数量bisynes 商业;生意bite one’s nails 束手无策bitterly 猛烈地；痛苦地bizarre 古怪的blind 被局限，使目眩；a.盲目的blinding 耀眼的，使人眩目的block 阻碍，阻塞，封锁board 董事会；委员会boast about 夸耀，夸口；引以为荣bombard 连续发送，向…连续提出问题，痛斥；炮击boom 繁荣，蓬勃发展boost 提高，促进booth （隔开的）小房间，公用电话亭，货摊border 界线；边界boundary 边界，边缘brake 刹车brand 品牌by a large margin 以较大幅度by contrast 与之相反，与…形成对比的是by…request 经…请求bypass 绕过byproduct 副产品break down 中断，出故障break out 爆发break up 拆散，结束breakthrough 突破breed 产生；繁殖；n.教养brighten 使光明brochure 小册子，情况介绍手册broke 破产的，不名一文的build-up 积聚，增长bulk 大多数，绝大部分，主体；体积，（大）量bummer 失望；失败；懒汉burdensome 繁重的，难以负担的bureaucracy 官僚体制，政府机构；官僚作风burst into being 突然形成business cycle 经济周期buy up 收买，买通circuit 电路circumstance 环境cite 引用，举例civilized 文明的，开化的clash 冲突classic 典型的，经典的classify 分类，归类clear-cut 清晰的，明确的clientele (总称)顾客，委托人clinical 临床的clue 线索，暗示caement 水泥calendar 日历call for 要求；需要capacity 容量，能力capacity for （具有）…的能力capital 资本captive 被俘虏的career prospects 就业前景caring 护理；照顾carry out 执行，实现carry weight 有分量，有影响case-ending 词格尾缀cash register 现金进出记录机cashless 无现金的，不用现金的cast a glance at 瞥一眼casual 随意的，非正式的；偶然的casualty 受害者；伤亡人数cater(to) 满足需要（或欲望）；考虑；迎合causal 因果的caution 警告；谨慎cease 停止，终止centralized 集中的，中央的centuries-old 持续了数世纪的，古老的certificate 证明书，证书，证明，凭证chamber 房间channel 频道，渠道character 性格characteristic of…特有的，独特的charge 收费charitable 慈善的，仁爱的chat show 谈话节目child-bearing 生育chip 芯片chop out 减少chronological age 生理年龄（chronological按时间顺序的）chunk 大块，相当大的部分（或数量）coastline 海岸线code 准则，规范，密码cognitive 认知的colonial 殖民地的colonialism 殖民主义column 专栏，列combined with 加上，与…相结合come in…以…形式出现come into use 投入使用，开始使用come of age 成年comedy 喜剧command 掌握，命令comment 评论comment on 评论commercial 商业的commercialize 商业化commit crime 犯罪commitment 承诺，责任commodity 商品common ancestor 共同祖先community 界，社区，社会comparative 相对的，比较的compared to 与…相比，比作compared with 与…相比comparison 比较compel 强迫，迫使compensate for 弥补，补偿，赔偿competent 胜任的，有能力的complementary 补充的，补足的complexity 复杂compliance 遵从，顺从（动词comply）complicated 复杂的component 因素，组成部分comprehensive 综合的，全面的cracked 破裂的craft 工艺，手艺；技巧；飞机，飞船crash 失败；碰撞，摔坏creationism 神造说，特创论criminal 犯罪的；n.罪犯crisis 危机criteria 标准，准则critic 批评者；评论家critically 批评地；关键性地criticism 评论，批评crop 收获cross-cultural 跨文化的crude（=crude oil原油）粗制的；未经加工的cult 崇拜cunning 巧妙地；狡猾的；诡辩的concept 概念conception 概念，观念；设想，构想concerned 有关的…concerned about 关心，关注conclusive 有说服力的，确定性的，决定性的concrete 具体的condense into 浓缩成conditionally 有条件地conduct 指挥，管理，行为conference 会议confess 承认，坦白confirm to 符合，顺应，遵守confront勇敢地面对，遭遇confusion 混乱congress 国会，大会connotation 内涵意义，隐含意义consciously 有意识地，自觉地consent to 同意，默认consequence 后果，影响conservative 保守的，传统的consist of 由…组成consistently 一直，不断地constitute 构成，组成constitutional 宪法的constraint 限制construct 构建，建设consultant 顾问contend 声称，主张；争夺contemporary 当今的，同时代的contention 争夺，竞争；争吵；争辩，论点context 环境；上下文contract 契约，合同contradiction 矛盾contribute to 有助于，造成controversial 有争议的convention 习俗；大会，会议；公约，规约conventional 常规的，惯例的convey传递，运送convince 使相信，使信服cool off（使）冷静下来coordination 协调，调和cope with 处理，应付corporate 公司的（名词corporation）corporation公司correlate with与…相关，与…相联系corrupt 腐蚀，使堕落；堕落的cosmic 宇宙的cottage 小屋，村舍，别墅could-be 未来可能的，潜在的counterbalance 抗衡，制衡counter-culture 反正统文化counterpart 对应的人或物coupled with 加上，与…相结合courageous 勇敢的，大胆的course路线；过程course of reasoning 推理过程courteous有礼貌地，殷勤的coverage 报道diagnosis 诊断dialect 方言diamaund 钻石dictate 命令，口授，听写die out 灭绝，消失differentiation 区分，分化diffusion 传播，扩散digital 数字化（的），数码（的）digital divide 信息差异dilute 稀释dim 〈口〉迟钝的，愚蠢的，暗淡的diminish 缩小，减少direct...to将…转向（或转移到）direction 方面;方向disable 使(汽车）不能行使（或运行）；使散失能力，使残废disadvantaged 处于不利位置的，处于弱势的disaster灾难discard 抛弃discipline 学科；纪律disclose 披露，公布disconnect 隔断，断开discontent 不满discriminate against 歧视disgrace 使蒙羞disguised 伪装的，掩饰的dishonor 使丢脸；侮辱disjunction 差距；分离；分裂dismiss...as 对…不屑一顾，认为…是disorder 疾病，紊乱dispassioned 冷静的displacement 转移，取代disposable 可以处置的，可以处理的disputable 有争议的disregard 不理会，漠视distaste 厌恶；厌食distinction 区别；杰出distinctly 突出地distinguish between...and...区分…与…distortion 歪曲distract 打扰，扰乱distrust 不信任diverse 不同的，多种多样的diversion 消遣；转移diversity 多样性，各种各样divert 转移，转向；使高兴divided 分裂的dividend 红利dam大坝，水坝database 数据库dead end 绝境；尽头debate 争论，辩论decade 十年deceptive 欺骗的，蒙蔽的declaration 宣布，声明decline 衰落，下降decorate 装饰，装修dedicate…to…把…投入到，献给dedicated 专注的，献身的deduce 推断，演绎推理deem认为，视为defective 有缺陷的defendant 被告defender 辩护者defined……as 把……定义为definitely 肯定的，明确的definition 定义degradation 恶化，破坏deliberate 故意的，认真的deliciously 有趣地，怡人地，可口地delightful 使人愉快的，可爱的delivery 发表，表达，交付，递送democratic 民主的demographic 人口分布demonstrate 表明，证实，演示dense 稠密的，紧密的deny 否定depend on 取决于depletion 耗尽，枯竭depressant 镇静剂，抑制药depression 抑郁，消沉，萧条deprivation 剥夺deprive…of 剥夺derive…from 从…获得（或产生）deserve 应该获得designed to…旨在…desirable 称心的，期望得到的desired 理想的，想要的despite 尽管destiny 命运detach （from）使分开，使分离，拆开detect 觉察，侦查，探测deteriorate 恶化；衰退determination 判断，决定，决心determinism 决定论devalue 贬值device 设备devise 设计do one’s bidding 听…的吩咐do one’s share of 分担；分享do without 免除，不用doctor 篡改，伪造；治理，医治doctrine 教条，教义document （以文件等）证明，提供证据doll 玩偶，玩具娃娃dome 穹顶，圆顶dominant 主要的，占主导地位的dominate 支配，统治；占优势dormant 暂停活动的；潜在的；睡着的doubter 怀疑论者downshifter 过简朴生活者downshifting 放慢生活节奏downsize 裁员，缩小规模draft 草案；草稿dramatic戏剧性的，激动人心的；显著的dramatically 大大地，显著地dramatize使引人注目，使戏剧化，生动地表达draw distinction between 在…与…之间做出区别draw dividend 分红draw...from 由…引出…draw up 排列，写出；停住dreadful 极其大的；可怕的dream up 〈口〉凭空想出，虚构出drive away 赶走driving force 驱动力量，推动dull 沉闷的；乏味的duration 持续时间；期间duty 责任，义务；关税dyamaund 钻石dynamics 动态关系ember 余烬，余火；残存的活动；逐渐淡薄的东西embrace 包括；接受；拥抱embryo 胚胎emerge 出现，显现emerging 新兴的emit 释放encode 编码encounter 遭遇，遇到endeavor 努力，尽力，力图endure 忍受，承受；持久engage in 从事enhance 提高enlightened 有知识的，开明的；文明的enlist 赢得ensure 确保，保证entail 使必需，使蒙受，使承担entertaining 有趣的enthrone 使...居于最高位置；使...登上王位；推崇entirely 完全entitled to 有权享有entitlement 权益；权利，资格entrench 确立，使处于牢固地位environmentalist 环保主义者envision 想象eager 热切的，渴望的earnest 认真的，诚挚的effortless 不费力的，容易的egalitarian 平等主义的eightfold 八倍（fold倍）elaborate 详述elegant 完美的，优雅的elementary 基本的；初级的elevated 高尚的，庄严的；提高的elimination 消灭，淘汰elite 精英的；n.精英人物elude 把...难倒；逃避，避开；使不被理解（或记忆、主义等）equate...with... 将...等同于...equipped with 装备，装有equivalent to 等于，与...等值eschaunge 交易所;交换establish 确立，建立evaluation 评估evil 邪恶的evolutionary 进化的evolve 进化exaggeration 夸张，夸大examine 考察exceptional 残疾的；例外的，异常的excess 过量的，过度的exclusion 排斥executive 执行的；n.高级管理人员，董事existence 存在exotic 外来的，有异国情调的，奇异的expand 拓展，扩大expertise 专长，专门知识explanatory 解释性的，用来解释的exploitation 剥削，利用；开发exploration 探索explore 探讨；探索explorer 探测者，探索者explosion 爆炸；激增exposed to 接触，暴露于…中expressive 富于表现力的，表现的extended family 大家庭，扩大的家庭extent 程度，范围external 外部的，外面的extinguish 熄灭，扑灭；使消灭extremist 极端主义者fabricate 编造，捏造；制造，组装factual 事实的；真实的，确凿的failure 不能；失败fair 集市，交易会，博览会fairness 公平faithfully 忠实地fall down 下落，下降fall off (从…往)下落fall victim to 成为…的牺牲品fallacy 谬论，谬误fallout 附带结果，余波；放射性坠尘fancy 想象far-reaching 深刻的，深远的farfetched 牵强的，靠不住的fascinate 迷住，强烈吸引faster-than-light 快于光速的fatal 致命的favorable 有利的；顺利的，赞许的feature 特征，特色，特点federal 联邦（政府）的，联合的feeble 无效的，虚弱的feed 提供（养料等）fertile 肥沃的；多产的feverishly 狂热地；忙乱地frankly 直率地；坦白地fraunce 法国free fall 自由下降frustrate 挫败，使灰心full expression 充分表达fundamental 根本的，基本的furthermore 而且，此外futurologist 未来学家figure 数据；数字；形象figure out 计算出；（美口）想出，理解finaunce 经济;财经finely细腻地finite限定的；有限的fissure 裂缝flap 慌乱（或忧虑）状态；激动flexibility 灵活性float 漂浮，漂流flock 群集，聚集；n （一）群；大量flourish 繁荣fluctuation 波动（动词fluctuate)follow from 由...产生，由...推断for real 真正的，确实的；严肃的，认真的for sure 肯定for the benefit of 为了...的利益forecast 预测foresee 预见forge 建立；锻造form of thought 思维方式formal 正式的formation 形成；构成former 前任的；前面的；以前的formulate 构想出；系统的阐述forsake 放弃，抛弃foteball 足球go on a diet 节食go to the heart of…直指…的核心go unchallenged 不受质疑good sense 明智govern 支配；统治；适用于，管理，指导，约束governance 管理；统治；控制governor 州长gender 性别（主要指社会性别）gene 基因generate 产生genetically 遗传地genius 天才，创造能力get going 提升；开始工作get on(in life) 出人头地。

2009年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章总体分析本文是一个有关动物智力话题的文章。

文章第一段第一句就点名了文章中心，接着引用自然杂志上描述的实验论证这一观点。

从第二、三段作者从几个方面分析了产生这种情况的原因，最后一段从动物上升到对人的思考。

二、试题具体解析1.[A]Suppose假设猜想[B]Consider考虑[C]Observe观察[D]Imagine设想【答案】B【考点】固定搭配【解析】本题考查的是“consider+名词性词组”的用法，表示“以……为例”，显然与后面的试验搭配表示以该试验为例引出下文。

选项A、D同义，故排除。

选项C代入文中与上下文不合，故答案为B。

【补充】consider在这里等同于take…(as an example)。

2.[A]tended(to)倾向于……[B]feared害怕[C]happened(to)碰巧……[D]threatened(to)威胁要去做……【答案】A【考点】动词搭配【解析】从空格后面的to可首先排除B，因为fear不与to连用。

再结合文章题材看，文章是科技类，而科技类文章中通常为了表示说话客观性并避免绝对化，往往在主谓之间加一个tend to表示语气的弱化，故本题答案为A，其他两个代入文章语义不通。

3.[A]thinner较细的[B]stabler较稳定的[C]lighter更明亮的[D]dimmer较暗的【答案】D【考点】逻辑关系【解析】空前内容谈到聪明的果蝇寿命相对普通果蝇要短，这里拿灯泡做比喻，相对应的自然是光线的暗淡，即光线暗淡的灯泡使用时间更长。

下一句也有提示：no being too bright，故答案为D。

4.[A]tendency趋向[B]advantage优势[C]inclination倾向[D]priority优先【答案】B【考点】词汇辨析【解析】前文谈到暗淡的灯泡寿命更长，接着说“不太明亮也是”，对比四个选项，只有优势语义连贯，故答案为B。

做阅读理解的要求：1、每分钟读60个单词2、理解文章的main idea3、每个段落都有一个topic sentence。

每篇文章也有一个大的topic sentence，找到每一段的topic sentence，再将这些topic sentence联合起来就可以找到全文的topic sentence。

4、要求理解长难句，理解文章的概念性含义。

5、能进行相关的判断，推理和引申。

能根据上下文推测生词的含义，在做单词在文中语义推测时，要严防单词本意的干扰。

6、理解文章的总体结构。

7、理解，推断，和猜测作者命题的意图，观点和态度。

8、能区分论点和论据。

在例证题中选项中不能出现例子本身的内容，例子是用来支撑观点的，要严防用例子事实代替论点，没有正确答案，只有更正确的答案。

三步走：1、通篇细读，把握全文中心，各段核心内容。

2、仔细审题，返回原文定位再次阅读文章。

3、分析选项，对比原文信息，得出正确答案。

在阅读过程中要重点读首尾段及文章中各段的首尾句，一般首尾句是中心句的可能性大。

读完文章思考：1、文章的主要内容是什么。

2、文章有没有核心概念词，即在文章中反复出现的词。

3、作者的态度。

做题要求：仔细审题，返回文章中定位，定位方法：1、关键词定位。

首选大写字母，数字，日期，人名，地名等。

2、自然段定位原则，即对文章分层，一般题目将文章分为几层，一个题目对应一层。

但对宏观的考大意的题例外，其可能是面向全文，也可能重复某一题面向某一段或是几段。

十大解题思路之细节题的解法：细节题题干中出现的标志：5个W和一个H（when,what,which,who,where,how），针对文中一句话或是一个短语，一个词提问，题干和选项之间有因果关系。

解题方法：根据原文中的关键词定位；根据题干或选项中的重点词或重点词的同义词返回原文定位；根据出题顺序推理，紧扣原文；通过长难句返回原文，一般长难句都是出题重点。

十大解题思路之例证题：例证题题的标志：case,example,examplify,illustration,illustrate,demonstration,demonstrate.关键方法，不在于是否看懂了句子，而在于是否找到了例子所支撑的观点。

POSE1．The bride and groom posed for the photograph．2．The ideal listener stays both inside and outside the music at the moment it is played and enjoys almost as much as the compose r at the moment he composes．3．…to withdraw or deposit money in scattered locations，whether or not the local branch bank is open…4．People everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas．5．My job as a police officer is to impose accountability on people who refuse，or have never learned，to impose it on themselves．6．When the committee got down to details，the proposed plan seemed impractical．7．He could dispose of this car and house before he left for New York．8．…repose one’s head on a cushion．9．Strike-breakers are despise d by their workmates．TAIN1．When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion，it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at．2．Most growing plants contain much more water than all other materials combined．3．The fact should not be ignored by those who maintain that unemployment and machinery are inseparable companions．4．Fortunately there are still communities-smaller towns，usually-where schools maintain discipline and where parents hold up standards．5．A growing plant needs water for all of the following except sustaining woody stems．6．But，there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained．7．We fight to retain some independence．8．He told his wife that he had been detained in the office by unexpected callers．SIST1．It serves directly to assist a rapid distribution of goods at reasonable price．2．…whose little drops consist mostly of sulfuric acid．3．Biology has provided a consistent，unified，and constantly improving account of what happened．4．And yet the myth of controlling the waters persists．5．For the next few years，for a substantial portion of the workforce，times are going to be very tough indeed．6．It takes the most cool-headed and good-tempered of drivers to resis t the temptation to revenge．7．…insist on one’s innocence．JECT1．I was unaware of the critical points involved，so my choice was quite arbitrary．2．Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe，it is just empirical and needsproving．3．They provide a quick，objective method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned．4．Most contemporary physicists reject the notion that man can never discover what these mysterious forces ‘‘really’’ are．5．Any deformity frightened and repelled her．6．The old idea that talented children burn themselves out’’in the early years is refuted by the author．7．The engineers are going through with their highway project，even though the expenses have risen．8．…are moving away from each other as new material is injected into the sea floor between them．9．They were ejected because they had not paid their rent for a year．…lava ejected from a volcano．TRANS1．They will appeal to privately funded researchers and clinics not to try to clone humans by body cell nuclear transfer．2．I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism into a humanist industrialism．3．Electronic mail will soon play a dominant role in transmitting messages．4．It should be possible to cut off a bit of ice and transport it!5．When any non-human organ is transplanted into a person，the body immediately recognizes it as foreign．6．The author believes that Futurist poetry is more of a t ransient phenomenon than literature．7．…a man of transparent honesty．MIT1．…but no married women were admitted even as a spectator．2．I acknowledge with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column．3．If a crime was committed，society was considered the victim．4．…emitting radiation as it went，condensing into particles and then into atoms of gas．5．A sketch of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval．6．This chapter may be omitted．TRACT1．Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract．2．A web set selling the right kind of product with the right kind of interactivity，hospitality and security will attract online customers．3．It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope．4．…manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws…5．…subtract 6 from 9CESS1．knowledge is power ’’ may well be the truest saying and access to information may be the most critical requirement of all people．2．First of all，most substances taken in excess will produce negative effects such as poisoning or intense perceptual distortions．3．As a concession to the public outcry，the government reduced the tax on petrol．4．The recession caused a lot of unemployment．5．…walking in procession through the streets．CEED，CED1．Subscribers can customize the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a company’s Web site．2．A further stimulus to invention came from the premium’’ system，which preceded our patent system．3．…they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750，…4．As the tide receded we were able to explore the rocky pools on the beach．5．…You must concede that I have tried hard．6．He conceded 10 points to his opponent．VERSE1．Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to reserve，or at least weaken the trends that emerged in the 1980s．2．Opinions are as diverse as the people who give them．LABOR1．It elaborates the delayed effects of yesterday’s baby boom’’．2．…Whose elaborate system of the sky put Earth at the center of all heavenly motions．3．…collaborate on a biography with a friend．PRESS1．Over billions of years，the gas was compressed by gravity into galaxies，stars，plants and eventfully，even humans．2．Every day a new bit of plaster is falling off，’’ says Hay．I found it quite depressing．’’3．Everyone at school was very impressed---except the geography teacher．4．There are still institutions that oppress women．DICT1．Its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail．2．Newton did because he was not trying to predict anything．3．Sagan is more concerned with those who believe in ghosts，creationism and other phenomenon that contradict the scientific worldview．4．…attending a shareholders’ meeting to dictate their orders to the management．SIGN1．The Prime Minister refused to comment on the rumor than he had planned to resign．2．I don’t think it advisable that he be assigned t o the job since he has no experience whatsoever．3．Cobe is designed to see just the biggest structure，but astronomers would like to see much smaller hot spots as well．SERVE1．It should be observed，of course，that no school，vocational or not，is helped by a confusion over its purpose．2．Some scientists have also suggested that Earth is a kind of zoo or wildlife reserve．3．But one basic difference of opinion concerns the question of whether or not the city as such is to be preserved．4．Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment．CLUDE1．The official statistics on productivity growth exclude the usual rebound in a business cycle．2．Physical dependence on certain substances results from exclusive use of them for social purposes．3．I have concluded that the earth is being visited by intelligently controlled vehicles from outer space．DUCE1．From the tears in Nedra’s eyes we can deduce t hat something sad must have occurred．2．But speech has to be induced，and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child．3．An invention will not benefit the inventor unless it is reduced to commercial practice．4．If，on the other hand，producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost，…5．In the American economy，the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights．PEL1．It also means that government is increasingly compelled to interfere in these sections．2．Any deformity frightened and repelled her．3．…expel a boy from school．4．The President’s speech impelled the nation to great efforts．5．…mechanically propelled vehiclesPENS1．It is well known that knowledge is the indispensable condition for expansion of mind．2．The engineers are going through with their highway project，even though the expenses have risen．3．For example，they do not compensate for gross social inequality．4．It has been striving to expand its market．FER1．Corporations and labor unions have great benefits conferred upon their employees and members as well as upon the general public．2．As a group，their work histories differ in most respects from those of their female colleagues．3．Forgetting clearly aids orientation in time，since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out，providing clues for inferring duration．4．In the past men generally preferred that their wives would work in the home．5．It can be referred to in filling out standard application blanks and is extremely helpful in personal interviews．TRIBUTE1．Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle．2．No company likes to be told it is contributing to the moral decline of a nation．3．Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers．TEST1．Labor MPs took to the street to protest the economic policies．2．International contests encourage false national pride and lead to misunderstanding and hatred．FICIENT1．It is of vital importance to acquire needed information efficiently．2．The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds on which to base his argument in favor of the new theory．ORDINATE1．He or she must coordinate the shapes，lighting and decoration of everything from ceiling to floor．2．All the other questions are subordinate to this one．3．Corporations use them as airborne offices，many metropolitan areas use them in police work．4．They may cooperate directly in the growing number of international projects related to science，economics and industry．5．It’s a self-examination that has，at various times，involved issues of responsibility，creative freedom and the corporate bottom line．CISE1．The new secretary has written a remarkably concise report only in a few pages but with all the details．2．All phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanations．SCRIBE1．The factory law prescribes a fine．2．Many others in equally disadvantaged circumstances choose not to engage in criminal activities．3．The 215-page manuscript，circulated t o publishers last October，sparked an outburst of interest．SURE1．I apologize if I had offended you，but I assure you it was unintentional．2．By helping to increase demand it ensures an increased need for labor．CEIVE1．Leonardo da Vinci conceived the first mechanical apparatus．2．Do we perceive ourselves as quick and curious?MED1．This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future．2．Because of its intimacy，radio is usually more than just a medium．CLAIM1．Parents hold up standards that proclaim: In this family certain things are not tolerated—they simply are not done!’’2．It is announced that a wallet has been found and can be reclaimed at the manager’s office．ORIGIN1．The universe originated in an explosion from a mass of energy．2．Only fifty of the original one hundred passengers remained．SENT1．If these sensitive periods are neglected，the ideal time for acquiring skills passes．2．In addition，it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it．3．by common assent，with one assent4．Levin asserted music is not the cause of society’s ills’’．5．I strongly dissent from what the last speaker has said．6．Technically，any substance other than food that alters our bodily or mental functioning is a dog．FUSE1．Generally，the idea of good science tends to become confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory．2．…to diffuse learning/ knowledge/ light/ heat/ a scent．MINI1．Time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum．2．But，there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained．3．Again，differences between people and the opportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished．4．Many of the minor illnesses of modern industrial society，headaches，tiredness，and stomachupsets are thought to arise from breathing polluted air．5．Another major shift in the modern for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing．SPIRE1．The remarkable variety of life on the Galopagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution．2．He is planning another tour abroad，yet his passport will expire at the end of this month．FINE1．…it is perhaps best to define it more precisely for scientific purposes．2．The significance of hot spots is not confined to their role as a frame of reference．VOC1．Those who support the nurture’’ theory，that is，they advocate education，are often called behaviorists．2．…evoke admiration/ surprise/ memories of the past3．If you provoke the dog，it will attack you．FORM1．Any test performed i nvolves at least three factors．2．I got a letter informing me I had won first prize．3．The panel then informally accepted several general conclusions，although some details have been settled．4．But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so many former buyers are complaining about．5．Modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past．6．Recent court decisions have c onfirmed the right of all children．7．The phrase substance abuse’’ is often used instead of drug abuse’’．考研英语高频词组1．abide by（=be faithful to；obey）忠于；遵守。

复试：听力（60%的学院）加口语找徐绽的博客下载复试的30个话题，每个话题写200-300字的小短文，然后练熟眼睛盯着坐在中间的老头老太太徐绽联系方式博客地址：微博：/u/997644网站：信箱：xuzhan2009@笔记看5遍，词汇书看5遍加强背诵，培养语感；开始接触真题查《考研英语词汇速记宝典》记5遍文都教育五部分《考研英语写作专项特训30分》《考研英语三层递进攻克阅读理解》（vocabulary sentence paragraph)《考研英语美文诵读宝典60+30晨读》《考研英语时文阅读宝典120+60夜读》《考研英语阅读专项特训88篇》做训练《绝对考场最后三模考》早上的黄金时间背整篇文章（美文诵读），下午读熟再背白天的零散时间看单词晚上认真的领会夜读考研英语词汇分数分布Part 1 英语知识运用10Part 2 阅读理解40 （input)新题型10 翻译10Part 3 写作30 (output)拿到一个单词，先拆后猜，缺一不可Goals determine what you are going to be !年龄是生命的长度学识是生命的密度意志是生命的强度梦想是生命的高度Scrib: writeDescribe de: down scrib: write e:v. Description n.Pre =beforeprefix 前缀preview 预览precaution 预防措施predict 预言Precondition 前提条件prepay 预付预支prewar 战前的preschool 学前的Dict 说Dictionary 字典dictum 格言dictate (dictation听力) 口述；支配dictator 支配者Sub =under 下面Subtitle 副标题subarea 分区subeditor 副编辑sublet 转租Subscription订阅量circulation发行量Script 字体，笔记；剧本；Telescript（tele=far；television（vis=see）；visit（vis=see；it=go）;exit(ex=out;it=go)电视剧本Manuscript (manu=hand; manufacture(fact=do);factory(tory=场所);dormitory(dor=sleep); dormant volcane; endorm)Fact =doBenefactor (bene 好)做好事的人，施恩者Malefactor (male 坏；跟男人有关就是不好：malnutrition营养不良；malfuction机能失常）Benediction 说好话malediction 诅咒Fiend 魔鬼；难事，困境（friend在关键时刻不伸出援助之手）Catastrophe 大灾难Elegant 优雅的Pos =put1、提出pose a challenge2、固定搭配Pose threat to sth 对…构成威胁Position1、观点，态度=stand point / viewpoint what's your position on the problem?2、职位，工作full-time position part-time position3、固定搭配be in a position to do sth =be likely to do sthPositive1、肯定的，确定的（放好了的）=definite be positive about/of sth 对…确信无疑2、积极的positive factors 积极因素Possess (pos=put; sess=sit)——assess1、自制；控制2、拥有，占有Sess, sid =sit 词汇书p92 ，93Assess (a=to;a在前面一般都双写；announce, attach, aggressive)Preside——president (pre= before) 统管，统帅，统领Reside——resident (re=again) 逗留，拘留，拘捕Subside——subsidence v. 平息，摆平；物体的沉积、沉淀n.下沉，沉淀；平息，摆平Subsidence for mation 凹陷地层Subsidize——subsidy v. 补助，资助，津贴；n. 津贴，补助Assiduous——insidious adj. 勤勉的，勤奋的adj. 阴险的，狡诈的Possession n.1、拥有，占有2、自制，控制3、财产，财富my riches consist not in the extent of my possessions, but in the fewness of mywants. 我的财富不是在我的财产之多，而是在我的欲望之少real-estate 房地产之类的不动产belongings 可随身携带的财产（when I am with you ,I feel a strong sense of belongings）com ,con, co=togetherCompose1、组成合成2、绘图3、写作4、调解，使平静5、谱曲Be composed of = be made up with = consist of = comprise 由…组成Compound 化合物n 化合的，复合的adjComposition 曲目所绘的图写的作品反义词：decompose 分解（de =down(decline,cline=climb); =not 否定）decompose a compound into its elementsde =down(decline,cline=climb); =not 否定Decontrol 失控，取消管制deforest 砍伐森林dewater 烘干，去除水分detect(tect= cover; protect) 侦查，侦探decode 解码encode 编码（en ）En 使动用法（几乎可以放在大部分名词，形容词前构成动词）（有时可以放前面）Endanger 使陷入危险状态enrage 激怒ennoble 使变得高贵enfeeble 使变得虚弱Enchain 束缚，约束（chain reaction 连锁反应）endure 长期的忍受（dure 持续）（bear 忍受痛苦；tolerate 包容，宽容的容忍）enclose 装入；围绕entitle 使赋予某种权利（be entitled to）enforce 执行（enforce the law；airforce 空军）enrich enlarge (widen)Expose1、展示，展览2、暴露，曝光，揭露3、使某人面对，面临expose sb to danger 使某人面对危险Exposure 暴露，揭露，曝光Exposition 展示，展览=exhibition ; 解释，说明=explanationDepose (de=no) 罢免，罢黜（某人职位）Deposit v./n 1、储蓄（储蓄金）2、预付定金，付保证金（保证金，定金）3、沉积，沉淀（地质学）=subsideA current deposit 活期存款 a fixed deposit 定期存款Cur(r) 跑=runCurrent 流动的，当前的；currency货币，流通curriculum 课程，课表Occur 发生occurConcur 同时发生Recur 重现，再次发生Incur 入侵，侵犯incursive incursion心相印mind act upon mind telephone (tele=far; phone=sound)Tele=farTeleplay电视剧telescript电视剧本teleconference远程会议telecommunication远程通信telescope望远镜Phone=soundMicrophone 扩音器（mic microwave ;mini）stereophone 立体音响（stereo立体的）phonetics 语音学（phonetist）symphony (sym=same)交响乐sympathy (pathy=feel)同情Telepathy 心电感应saxophone 萨克斯管Impose (im = not; on impolite)1、把…强加于/施加于…（impose sth on sb）2、对…征税/处以罚款…（impose a fine/ tax on sb）3、利用（impose on one's kindness）Imposition 强加；征税；欺骗；负担（尤指不公平的负担）Propose (pro=forward,protect, progress(gress=work); retrogress (retro=back); congress; aggressive)1、提建议2、提名，推荐3、求婚Proposal n.propose的三个意思proposition 主题，议题，命题（what's the proposition of the passage? =main idea）Dispose (dis =not, dislike ,disorder; =divide 分)1、处置，处理（dispose of) vi2、(分开) 分开放，排列组合n. Disposal (at sb's disposal 任sb处置，处理)Adj. Disposable disposable chopsticks ( 一次性筷子)书P 391Sens,sent =feel 感觉pathy =feel InsensitiveSensitive 敏感的（insensitive）sensible 明智的(insensible)sensory感觉的，知觉的（sensory organs 人体的感觉器官）sensation 感觉；感动；轰动sensational使人感动的；耸人听闻的Consent 同意，答应consentient 一致的，同意的consensus 一致意见/观点Dissent 不同意，分歧dissentient 不一致的，不同意的dissension 争论，纠纷，分歧resent 反感，憎恨resentful 憎恨的，怨恨的（ful 充满…的状态resentment 憎恨，怨恨（re : =back (return); =again (repeat); =against(resent)）Auto =self 自己mate =moveAutomate 自动automatic 自动的,自动装置的autocriticism 自我批评autobiography 自传（self life write）Gram, graph= write 写Grammar 语法diagram 图表（dia =inter=between）program 节目；电脑程序；计划Parallelogram(para 平行) 平行四边形Geography (geo 大地)地理学paragraph 段落（para 在…旁边）parasite （site地点）门人，食客；寄生虫photography 照片（photo =light 光）photosensitive 感光的Telegraph 电报telegraphic 电报的；简短的telephone 电话Scatter (er表动词，反反复复) V.分散Shatter （反复）敲打，敲击，击碎Human (hum 泥巴）（an=one）(hu=huge)Spir 呼吸，吹气Spirit 精神，心灵，灵魂spiritual 精神的，心灵的，灵魂的Aspire (a=to) 渴望，向往aspirationInspire 激发灵感；鼓舞人心inspirationConspire 共谋，干坏事conspirationExpire 断气，呼出；截止，到期expirationPerspire (per=fully完全）排汗perspiration 排汗系统Respire 呼吸=breathe respirationThanks for your offer to help, but I do not want to impose on you.Baby-booming 生育高峰期baby-boomer 生育高峰期出生的那代人（老人）Get down to do sth 着手做……Tail =cutTailor 裁缝detail 细节n；详细说明v detailed 细节的retail 零售retailing 零售行业Retailor 零售商人（wholesale 批发；wholesaling; wholesaler ）Impractical =unrealistic 不实际的realism 现实主义；写实主义idealism 理想主义；唯心主义materialism 唯物主义；拜金主义(正反两面的意思aggressive ambition）On purpose 故意的for the purpose of doing sth =with the purpose of doing sth =in order to do sth 为了做……En-,-en ; ify , izeWiden deepen heighten lessen shorten sharpen ripen loosen quicken soften tighten strengthenHumid(id …的特征) 潮湿的，黏黏的humidify 使潮湿；使变粘humidifier 加湿器Pure 纯洁purify 提纯purified 纯洁的Modernize 现代化modernization industrilization 工业化Visage 外观n. Envisage 正式，面对，想象Visual effect 视觉效果Visualize 使具体化Review 考察，回顾，评论Preview 预览，先看Revise 修改，修订Supervise 管理，监督（super 超高superstition 迷信（st=stand））白马王子Mr. Right Mr.charmingHe is tall like I am snow white 他个子很矮TainAttain to succeed or arrive at by effort or development 达到一种状态（成功）反：fail Obtain to get sth by effort or development 得到某种东西（奖杯）反：loseRetain allow to remain in a place or position 保持位置或状态反：abandon Always retain yourself vitality 祝你青春常在Maintain 维持，保持（maintain public order）;供养（maintain family）;维修，保养（maintain cars) ; 认为（I maintain ) I affirm, assert, argue, assume, deem ,consider, contend, hold,insist, cling to the idea thatSustain 源源不断的支持，维持的状态sustainable development 可持续性发展Detain 扣押（人，财产）；耽搁（行程，时间）书P ？看句子变体较大：吃eat inedible inedibilityEvade(e:out; vad:walk)逃避inevitable不可避免的inevitabilityVagetable 医学中专指植物人n.其他形容词直接加able 或ible书p119Vacation (vac=empty vaccum cleaner 吸尘器；vacant 未被占用的，空荡荡的）Van =empty vanity 空虚，虚荣vanity box 女士的化妆盒toilet water 花露水Nounce 说，喊出来书P 15Claim 喊出来；索赔Dict 说Lect =speak 说Vit viv bio = lifeVitamin vivid humid vivify reviveContain1、包含2、等同于a pound contains 16 ounces . A foot contains 12 inches3、控制，抑制contain one's angerContainer 集装箱，容器Neglect 无意间的忽略ignore 有意的无视Note 有意的看notice 无意间注意到Glance 刻意的看glimpse无意间瞥了一眼peep偷窥I was shot dead by a glimpse of your eyes 在你不经意间的回眸一瞥就深深的刺穿了我的胸膛Spect 看=look 凡是跟看有关的，都跟想有关Aspect 人的样子，容貌；事物的方面Expect 期待，渴盼unexpectedInspect 看进去；检查，视察inspectionProspect 展望；前景，未来n. Prospective 将来的，未来的Retrospect 回顾retrogress(retro=back)Respect respectable能够respectful充满respective各自的，单独的（反：irrespective不管的，不顾的，不考虑的） a respectable man is often respectful to others 一个受人尊敬的人总是对他人充满敬意的Introspect 内省，反省（look before you leap三思而后行)Suspect 打量，怀疑suspicion suspicious 多疑的conspicuous 显眼的，引人注目的（每个人都能看到的）Speculate v.+in 投机（in futures 在期货中做投机）；+on 考虑，推测Ful 反：lesshopeful;hopeless fruitful;fruitless regretful; regretless shameful可耻的; shameless无耻的Lect =speak ;lect,leg=choose 选Dialect 方言select 分开选，选择elegantCollect 收集collectionRecollect 回忆，回想recollectionElect 选举electionSelect 选择selectioncom, con co 共同（元音开头不双写，辅音开头都双写）corrupt(rupt=break)贪污，腐败bankrupt erupt（e=out）colleague 同事correspond 相符合，相一致（respond回应）collapse 崩溃，倒塌（lapse拉）collocate 布置，配置，排列，并列coexistence coauthor 合著者之一coeducation 男女合校的教育Clud =closeConclude 包含conclusion conclusiveExclude 排外的，排出的，独家的exclusive (exclusive recipe 独家配方)Include 包含的inclusivePreclude 预防，杜绝precludeSeclude 隔离;使孤立，使退隐seclusive 退隐的，隔离的 a seclusive man 隐士Maximum 最大化maximize minimum 最小化minimizeMacro micro=miniMacro climate 大环境，大气候macro world 宏观世界macro scale 超大规模Macro economics 宏观经济学macro biology (micro biology 微生物学）micro element 微量元素Sist =stand,站Consist =stand together 1、consist of …是由…组成的2、consist in 在于，存在于3、consist with 与…保持一致Our greatest glory consist not in narrowly failing but inrather every time we fall (not…but 不是，而是）glory 光辉，荣耀glorious 光辉的，荣耀的Consistent adj一致的，一贯的（否定：inconsistent 不一致的，不协调的）Persist continue to do sth or go on doing sth 坚持（继续做）persistent 持久的，持续的；顽固的，执拗的= stumble persistence 永恒，守恒（the persistence of energy 能量守恒定律）Insist saied or do sth firmly or forcefully 坚持（坚定地说或做）insistent 坚定的，坚持的insistenceResist (re =back; =again; =against ) 抵制；抵抗（in doing sth；cannot resist in doing sth 忍不住做…=cannot help doing sth =cannot help but do sth )；resistance (a way of leastresistance 最容易的办法，最省力的途径）resistant 抵制的，抵抗的（waterresistant 防水的=water proof =antiwater (anti 反)；fire resistant 防火的=fire proof=antifire )Exist 存在，生存，生活existence（sth comes into existence /being 某物得以出现；sb bring sth into existence/ being 某人让某物得以出现）Assist 帮助，援助（assist sb in doing sth/ to do sth) assistant adj.援助的，辅助的；n.助手(financial assistance 经济上的援助/辅助）Anti 反Antipathy 反感Antiforeign 排外的Antiwar 反战的Antibody 抗体Antibacterial 抗菌的Antiaging 抗衰老的Attribute to 归因于,来自于；result from ; stem from ; spring from ; originate from Contribute to 导致……; result in ; bring about ; lead to ; give rise to ;Smoking may contribute to lung cancer.Super 超级Superstructure 上层建筑substructure 下层建筑Superprofit 超额利润supernatural 超自然的，超自然力的superspeed 超速的，超高速的Supersonic 超音速的，超音波的superpower 超级大国Struct =build 建造，建立Construct 构造，建筑construction reconstructDestruct 摧毁，毁灭destruction destructive破坏的，有破坏力的Instruct instruction instructor 导师Obstruct 妨碍，阻碍obstructionStructure 构造，结构structured 有组织的，有结构的，有安排的Infrastructure 基础结构，基础设施infrastructural 基础的，基础建设的（infrastructual project 基础建设工程；infrastructural investment demand 基础建设投资需求）Creationism 神创论creationist 神创论者Evolutionism 进化论Evolutionist 进化论者V olv =turn 旋转Involve 卷入，涉及involutionEvolve 进化evolutionRevolve revolution大变革，大改革revolutionary 革命的，革命者的Devolve 退化；往下传递，移交Intervolve 互相牵连，盘绕，缠绕intervolutionOlogy 学科Bio =life 生命；生物oceanology海洋学methodology 方法论zoology 动物学Biocomputer 生物计算机biochip 生物芯片biotechnology 生物科技bioscience 生物科学bioterrorism 生物恐怖主义Eco 环境的，生态的Ecology 生态学ecodevelopment 经济生态均衡发展Uni =one 一Uniform 制服（form形式）unicorn（corn=horn角）独角兽union 统一Universe 宇宙（vers,vert,volv = turn ）\reverse倒转，颠倒versatile (ile易于…的）多功能的；多面手，多才多艺的Sol =alone 唯一，单独Sole 唯一的solar 太阳的，太阳系的solitary独自的，独居的（lead a solitary life过着独居的生活）比较：solitude （n.孤独）solo （n.独唱，独舞，独奏）console（v安慰）desolate （de 表强调，使荒凉，使荒废）isolate (i=out,v.使隔绝，使孤独，使凄凉)I=outIdentify (dent 牙) identityMono =oneMonologue (logue=talk; dialogue (dia=between, diameter 直径)) 独白Catalogue (cata 下面) 目录，一览表Monotone 单调，乏味monotonous 单调的，乏味的Monopoly (poly=sell) 垄断Monograph 专题论文，专题著作MonokiniBi =double ,twoBilingual education 双语教育（linguistic linguistics linguist 语言；phonetic phonetics phonetist 语音)Bicycle 自行车monocycle 独轮车recycle 利用，回收recyclable 可回收的Bikini 比基尼（两点式的泳衣）Tri =threeTrilingual 三种语言的multilingual 多语言的（multi 多的）Tricycle 三轮车triangle 三角形trichord 三弦乐器（chord =string 弦）Trigonometry 三角学（gono =angle; metry =measure)Triplet 三胞胎之一（let 小东西booklet 小册子leaflet 小叶子）Trivial (vi =way ) 三岔路口；琐碎的，繁琐的；n.细枝末节，繁琐trivialityTrikiniFer, cept, ceive, sum=takeSuffer(suf 在上面）使遭罪suffice( fic =do ) 使充足，使大量Fer p29 cept ceive p10 sum p102Sum =takeCosume 消耗，吃光，喝光consumption 消费量，消耗量consumptive consumer 消费者Resume 再利用；重新开始，继续；个人简历resumption 利用，继续resumptive 再开始的，继续的Assume 假定，假设；承担assumption 假定assumptive 假定的，假设的Presume 假定，假设；擅自行动，自作主张presumption 假定presumptive 推测的，假定的（=assuptive）；presumptuous 傲慢的，自以为是的Cept ceive =takeAccept 接受acceptionExcept 除外，排除；反对exceptionIncept 营养的摄入/摄取inceptionIntercept 截取；法律赋予的裁断，裁决interceptionReceive （客观上的）收到receptionDeceive 欺骗deceptionPerceive (per =fully 完全) 领悟，理解，感知perception 领悟力，理解力Conceive 构思，构想conceptionFer =takeDiffer( dif 分开）different （when it comes to sth, people's opinions differ.）Confer 商讨，商议；颁发，授予conference 会议Infer 推理inference ( what can you infer from the passage? What does the author imply in the passage)Offer 提供，提议；出价offerenceRefer 提及，提到；参考，查阅reference参考资料；证明书Prefer 宁愿选择，喜欢preference 喜好，偏好Defer （de 表强调）延期；（de =down）顺从，服从；deference 顺从，服从Suffer 遭罪sufferanceMigr =remove 移动，转移Emigrate 移出去emigrationImmigrate 移进来immigration表人的部首：er or ist(具备某种思想的人；具备某种专长的人) ant ent ianSocialist 社会主义者specialist专家defeatist 失败主义者futurist 未来主义者Typist 打字员novelist 小说家Inhabitant 居民accountant 会计President 老大resident 居民agent 代理人（ag =do）Civilian 公民electrician 电工politician 政客physician 内科医生librarian 图书管理员Plex ,plic, ply =fold 折Complex 复杂的complexity 复杂性complicate 使错综复杂simplify 使简化，简约Duplicate (du 双) v. 对折；复制；n. 复制品，复本(in duplicate 一式两份)Implication 暗含implyImplicit 含蓄的explicit坦率的，不言自明的Reply 回答，回复Comply 使服从，使遵从，使一致Multiply 乘法；倍增；繁殖；multi =manymultiple 多重的，多样的（multiple choice question) multichannel 多频道的multiform 多形式的（form形式dentiform 齿状的）multilingual 多语的Multilateral 多边的（multilateral trade 多边贸易；bilateral trade 双边贸易）Multifunctional 多功能的Ject =throw 扔Eject 扔出去，喷射，喷发；驱逐，把人赶走Inject 扔进来，注射（injector 注射器）Object 客体objective 客观的(阅读题优选客观题)Subject 主体subjective主观的Project 投射v. ；目标，项目n. Projector 投影仪（Or即可表人也可表物）Abject (ab 偏离=off ,abuse) 卑贱的，可怜的，凄惨的Reject 拒绝；排斥refuse 直截了当的拒绝（fus =flu流淌）Objective 的同义词Impartial 不偏不移的neutral 中立的reserved 有保留的qualified 有条件的Subjective 的同义词arbitrary 任意的，随意的biased 有偏见的（看见尽量不选）Fus =flu 流，流淌Refuse 拒绝Confuse 迷惑，困惑Transfuse （trans=across) 输血Perfuse (per=fully 完全)充满，泼洒Diffuse (di 分开）扩散，传播Interfuse 融合，渗透Flu 流淌Influent 影响(专指思想；affect对身体的影响（fect=do））influenceAffluent 财富的流淌，富足的，富裕的affluenceConfluent 合流的，汇流的confluenceDefluent 往下流淌的defluenceRefluent 逆流，退潮refluenceEffluent 流出的，流淌的effluenceCircumfluent 环流的circumfluenceSuperfluous 过剩的，多余的superfluityPut =think 思考Dispute 争论，争吵，反驳Beyond disputeAct =doLabor =doFic, fect, fact =doActExact 做出来，认真做出来的，精确的adj.; v.强求，强迫Interact 相互作用interactionTransact 交易，商业行为，商业交易transactionCounteract 对抗，抵抗，抵制（count 反）React 反应，起作用reactionEnact (en使动）实施，颁布（法令enact the law)Labor 劳动，做Laborious (ous 充满…的）（工作）艰辛的，费力的；（人）勤奋的，勤勉的Elaborate 精心制作，详细说明v.; adj.精致的，精心的Collaborate 合作，相互勾结Fic, fect, fact =do 书p 28-29FactFactory (tory表场所，dormitory)FicMagnificent (magn =large ;(magnify放大; magnifier放大镜; ））雄伟壮观的Significant （sign 标记）意义深远的SufficantFectAffect v.Effect n. Dual effect 双重功效v. 招致，带来，实现，促使（education effects a real change in his life 教育促使他的生活发生了极大的变化）Infect （病毒的）传染；（思想的）感染disinfected 已消毒的infectious 传染性的；有感染力的Defect 过失，缺点，不足Perfect v. 使完善; n. 完美反：imperfect表否定：im放在p和m开始前；il 放在l前；ir放在r前；in放在c前Imperfect immature illogical irregular(reg= control; regulate p86）Incompetent (pet=seek) 不能胜任的sign 标记what's your sign ? 你属什么的？My sign is a ***我属**Sign v .签名resign 辞职走人Signature 签字，签名n. Signal 信号，暗号，导火索（signal that leading to ）n.; v.发信号，用信号通知，Signify 标记化，表示着，意味着，象征着Design 设计，绘制图案（de强调）Assign 分配，指派v. ；n.assignment 分配的任务Consign 交付，委托Pet =seekCompete competent competitonPerpetuate 使永久，使永恒perpetual 永久的，永恒的，长期的Appetite 食欲，胃口；爱好，欲望appetizer开胃食品Fund =moneyRefund 退款v/n. Demand a refund on sth 所要…方面的退款Nuclear family 核心家庭extended family 三世同堂cracy 统治Bureaucracy (bureau 局；cracy 统治）官僚腐败（mandarin 官僚腐败的，学术界守旧的，写的文章华而不实的；mandarin coat 旗袍；mandarin duck 鸳鸯）Democracy 民主Technocracy 技术统治Theocracy 神权统治Be foreign to 对…相去甚远的，和…格格不入的deception was foreign to his nature .More A than B =rather A than B 与其说是B不如说是A；是A不是BNot so much A as B 与其说是A而不如说是B；是B 而不是A翻译时：破折号变括号，将破折号之后的补充说明成分用括号括起来，放在所修饰的中心词后面Auto =selfAutobiography 传记Automate 自动，自动装置（mate=move）Automatic 自动的，自动装置的，无意识的Autonomy 自治autonomous 自理的，自治的Mit =send 送Admit 接收，接纳（admit the best examinee接收最优的考生（examinier考官））；承认，认可（acknowledge 公开范围的承认，认可；it is generally admitted that……it isuniversally acknowledged that ……）admission(admission notice 录取通知书）Permit 许可，允许；permissible 可行的permissive 放纵的，放任自流的permission （go-ahead许可，允许）Submit 屈服；提交，呈送submissionEmit(e=out) 没有接收（+light, heat, smell, sound, smoke, beams) transmit(trans=across) 传递有接收，跨越式发射Omit 忽略，忘记；省略，删除omissionCommit 把…委托给…（commit sth to memory 记住…）；承诺做…，承担义务做…（commit oneself to sth ); 犯罪，做坏事（commit a crime/murder) mitment 承担义务，许诺，保证committee commission（范围稍大）委员会（economic commission国家经委）commission 表示做事的佣金，手续费，回扣（get/ draw a commission onsth 在…方面获取费用）Remit 寄钱remittance 汇款Intermit 间歇，中断intermittent 间歇的，断断续续的Sub,sur ,sace低一级的，下面，低于的Subsurface 表面之下的Submarine 海平面下的Subaverage 低于平均水平的Subnormal 低于正常的Subtropics 亚热带Subtitle 副标题Subarea 分区Subcentral 接近中心的Sublet 转租Suburban (urban 城市）郊区Subconsciousness 潜意识Cid ,cis =cut, kill 切，割_桥梁作用CidDecide 决定Suicide(sui =self ) 自杀(commit suicide)Pesticide 杀虫剂Bactericide 杀菌剂Herbicide 除草剂Genocide 杀基因，种族灭绝CisConcise adj.简明的，简洁的，简要的Precise adj.明确的，准确的，精确的precisionIncise v. 切开，雕刻，切割Incisive adj. 锋利的，尖锐的Incisor n. 门牙同意的短语：approve of ; agree with ; subscribe with ; in sympathy with ; in favor withForm 形式Transform 转化reform 改革inform 告知uniform 制服Tract, duc, duct =draw =leadDuc =drawEducate ( e-out) reduce 减少seduce 勾引（se 色）produce 生产制造TractAttract 吸引attraction attractive 反：v. repel 排斥n. repulsion adj. Repulsive (pel, puls =push 推P72 ）Contract v. 签合约；收缩（condense (dense浓密）液体浓缩；compress 气体的压缩n.合约（sign a contract ; violate a contract 违约；cancel a contract 取消合同；executea contract 履约，履行合同（CEO：chief executive officer ; CFO: chief financialofficer)）Distract 分开拉，分散注意力，迷惑，扰乱（distract sb from (doing) sth 让sb从sth上分散注意力）the noise distracted me from concentration. Distraction distracteddistractingExtract (ex=out 出来）1. draw out 抽出，拔出crude oil is distracted from a well. 2. 提取，提炼=refine/ take out oil extracted from peanuts. Peacock(TMD )Subtract 减法subtract A from B 从B中减去ARetract 收缩retractable 可缩进的，可取消的Tractor 拖拉机，牵引机；机器设备的引擎Abstract (abs=from) (从…中抽取出来）v.提取，做摘要n.摘要（brief辩护状；案情摘要）adj.理论的，抽象的，深奥的Anthropology 人类学（anthro 人类；logy 学科）Anthroposociology 人类社会学Philosophy 哲学(phi 爱；sophy 智慧）philanthropy 博爱，慈善，善心Zoophilist 爱动物的人Jack 千斤顶Setting up shops in silicon 在互联网上开店Audi =listen 听Audience 听众audiphone 助听器Audible 听得到的inaudible 听不见的Audio 音频的，收音的audiovisuals （vis=see）视听教材，直观教具Audit 审计，审查；旁听auditor 审计员（ballot box 投票箱；blackball投反对票v.;n.反对票）Auditorium 礼堂（um 地点尾缀，stadium(stad=stand);forum 论坛；museum (mus主管艺术的神，amuse 使消遣，使逗乐，amusing 有趣的，好玩的=funny））Dead president 美元senior-citizen 老年人Put sb to sleep = kill sb put sb to bed 哄睡觉Cess, ceed ,ced =goCedConcede 妥协，让步；给予，割让concessionRecede 1、leave,depart 离开2、退出合约，收回意见withdraw 3、drop pr decline in force or value 价值或力量的下降下跌（专指经济的不景气）recession经济大萧条（=depression) deflation 通货紧缩inlation 通货膨胀Precede 先于，领先于precedent 先例unprecedented 史无前例的preceding 以前的（preceding years 前几年CessAccess = to go (have access to =have knowledge of =have idea of 知道;否定在名词前加no）accessory （ory可表adj.帮助的，辅助的n. 配件；从犯，帮凶）Excess n.(ex=out) 过剩，多余；超越，超额；超出（go/run to excess 走极端）excessive 过分的，过度的exceeding 非常的Exceed v.Process （pro=forward)v.加工，处理n.工序，过程Preceed v.1.往前走，列队前进（precession队列，行列）=march；2.proceed to do sth=go on doing 继续做；3.proceed against 控诉，控告某人n.Blood and flesh 血肉之躯brave v.勇敢的面对考试：Pos = putTain = holdSist = standJect = throwTrans = acrossMit = sendTract = drawCes,cees = goVers = turnLabor = doDict = saySign = markServ = keepFer = takePress = pressFact,fect = doCept,Dut,duct = draw, leadForm = shapeSense, sent = feelLect = choosePart,port = divide, carryPel, puls = pushPet = seekReg = controlSid = sitI count him braver who can overcome his desire than him who conquers his enemies, for the hardest victory is victory over themselves。