英语专四听力真题、原文+听力答案

英语专四听力原文试题及答案2017年英语专四听力原文试题及答案读书是易事，思索是难事，但两者缺一，便全无用处。

以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年英语专四听力原文试题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!听力原文part Ⅱ dictationsalmonevery year, millions of salmon swim from the ocean into the mouths of rivers and then steadily up the rivers. passing through waters, around rocks and waterfalls, the fish finally reach their original streams or lakes. they dig out nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. then, exhausted by their journey, the parent salmon die. they have finished the task that nature has given them. months, or years later, the young fish start their trip to the ocean. they live in the salt water from 2-7 years, until they, too are ready to swim back to reproduce. their life cycle helps man provide himself with a basic food-fish. when the adult salmon gather at the river mouths for the annual trip up the rivers, they are in the best possible condition, and nearly every harbor has its salmon fishing fleet ready to catch thousands for markets.?now, you have two minutes to check through your work.part Ⅲ listening comprehensionin sections a, b and c, you will hear everything once only. listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.section a statementin this section, you will hear seven statements. at the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer thequestion.1. you must relax. don't work too hard. and do watch your drinking and smoking.2.we hadn't quite expected the committee to agree to rebuild the hospital, so we were taken aback when we got to know that it had finally agreed.3.the coach leaves the station every 20 minutes. it's 9:15 now, and you have to wait for five minutes for the next one.4.perhaps jane shouldn't have got married in the first place. no one knows what she might have been doing now, but not washing up. that's for sure!5.i happen to be working on a similar project at the moment.i am only too pleased to help you.6.the man arrived for the ceremony with patched jackets and faded jeans that the average person would save for mowing the lawn in his garden at the weekend.7.mark! here you are! this is the last place in the world i would have expected to find you.section b conversationin this section you will hear 10 short conversations between two speakers. at the end of each conversation, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.8. w: i couldn't stand this morning. my right leg went stiff.m: i'm afraid it's probably a side-effect from the drugs i put you on.9. w: how did your writing go this morning? is the book coming along alright?m: i'm not sure. i think the rest of it will be difficult to write.10. w: is there anything you can do to make the cold go away more quickly?m: no, there isn't. and a cold isn't really serious enough for a visit to a doctor.11. w: look! what have i got here!m: oh. so you did go to that bookstore!12. m: excuse me. has there been an emergency?w: oh, no sir. there's just a storm, so the plane will leave a little later this afternoon.13. w: i wish i hadn't hurt linda's feeling like that yesterday. you know i never meant to.m: the great thing about linda is that she doesn't hold any grudges. by tomorrow she'll have forgotten all about it.14. m: my grades are not bad, but not good enough. i knowi didn't study at all this semester. now i have to work very hard next semester to keep my scholarship.w: i'll see you in the library, then.15. w: i'll wear this blue jacket for the evening. i like the color on me, don't you think?m:i think it looks terrific on you-really!16. w: do you know that sam turned down that job offer bya travel agency?m: yeah. the hours were convenient, but had he accepted it, he wouldn't have been able to make ends meet.17. w: at the rate it is being used, the printer is not going to make it through the rest of the year.m: the year? it is supposed to be good for four!section c news broadcastquestions 18 and 19 are based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. now listen to the news.the u.n resolution calls for greater international intelligenceand law enforcement cooperation. and it requires states to change their banking laws in order to police the global network of terrorisms financiers. it makes providing funds for terror activities a criminal offence and would freeze bank accounts of those who sponsor terrorism.questions 20 and 21 are based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. now listen to the news.a police spokesman said the devices were made safe by explosive experts in the ardorn district, where a woman was shot in the leg and 13 police officers were injured during a second successive night of violence. northern ireland's police chief had earlier called on community leaders to work together to end the violence. the violence has erupted sporadically throughout a summer of sectarian tension in northern belfast.question 22 is based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. now listen to the news.airlines are being hit with huge increases to ensure their planes after the terrorist attacks in the united states. goshork insurance holdings, which ensures aircraft around the world, said rates had soared as much as 10 fold since the september 11th terror attacks. airlines around the world have cut services and dismissed staff as their business has plunged in the wake of the crisis. they are also struggling with increased security costs.questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. now listen to the news.a pakistani lawyer said the resumption of the trial of eight foreign aid workers accused of preaching christianity inafghanistan has been put off until sunday. he had met earlier saturday with the aid workers, 2 americans, 2 australians, and 4 germans. they insist they were in afghanistan to help the poor, not to convert them. the penalty for these captured aid workers could range from expulsion to a jail term and death sentence.question 25 is based on the following news. at the end of the news item you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. now listen to the news.on the 20th anniversary of the first official report on aids, the head of the united nations aids program warns that the deadly disease may only be at its early stages in many parts of the world. dr. piu said the disease has already reached staggering proportions since first being identified in 1981. 58 million people worldwide have contracted the hiv virus, which causes aids, while 22 million have died from related illnesses. the un estimates the world's hiv positive population at 36 million, including 25 million in sub-saharan africa.international officials warn the disease will have disastrous political, social, and economic consequences in many developing countries.this is the end of listening comprehension.答案与详解part Ⅰ writingsection a compositionthe importance of keeping a good moodpeople in modern society live under a lot of pressure. i see three kinds of pressure working on people today: pressure from education, family and career. it is easy to blame the school for charging too much money, the family members for the heavy burden, the society for the fierce competition. i think peopleshould relax. it is important for them to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.long gone are the days when people lived their life with a certain relaxation, sampling a wide variety of activities-film, music, art, poetry. but now, a lot of people suffer from a lot of pressure. they can't communicate well with co-workers and family members, and have unbalanced, one-dimensional lives. some people complain of symptoms of stress, for instance, loss of appetite, a complete sense of exhaustion, insomnia and low morale. thus have destructive effect on their health. people tend to lose temper easily, and this may interfere personal relationship. what's more, a high rate of suicide may warn people of their emotional well-beingto be a healthy person physically and psychologically, one should keep a good mood, according to some psychology experts. those little things may seem relatively insignificant-reading mystery novels, playing volleyball, spending time with family and friends, maintaining your emotional well-being, getting plenty of rest, going fishing. they can help you keep a good mood.??section b note-writingoct. 18, 2003dear clare,thank you for inviting me to your house-warming party this weekend. but i'm afraid i couldn't go there, because i have an important business appointment on that day. i saw some pictures of your new house, which is so cozy and comfortable. i sincerely hope that you have a good day.yours,gou mingpart iii listening comprehensionsection a statement1. 答案：d【问句译文】关于听者哪一句是不对的?【试题分析】本题为细节题。

专业英语四级听力专项强化真题试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.听力原文：Online Education Good morning, everybody. In today’s lecture, we will talk about online education. You know in some parts of the world, it is not that easy for people to receive education. And even in the United States where education is available, it might not be within reach. Thus, online courses provided by those world famous universities can bring the best quality education to as many people as we could around the world, and for free. First, let’s talk a little bit about some of the components that go into online education. The first component is that when you move away from the constraints of a physical classroom and design content for an online format, you can break away from, for example, the one-hour lecture format. You can break up the material, for example, into short, modular units of 8 to 12 minutes, and each of the short unit introduces a coherent concept. Students can deal with this material in different ways, depending on their background, their skills or their interests. So, for example, some students might benefit from a little bit of preparatory material that other students might already have. Other students might be interested in a particular topic that they want to pursue individually. So this format allows students to break away from the one-size-fits-all model of education, and allows students to follow a much more personalized curriculum. Second, and perhaps one of the biggest components of our online education is that we need to have students who practice with the material in order to really understand it. There’s been a range of studies that demonstrate the importance of this. A study in Science last year, for example, demonstrates that even simple retrieval practice, where students are just supposed to repeat what they already learned gives considerably improved results on various achievement tests. So we need to build in much more meaningful practice questions. Now, fortunately, technology has helped us to provide the students with feedback on those questions. We can now grade a range of interesting types of homework online. The third component is what is called collaborative learning. Students could collaborate in different online courses in a variety of ways. First of all, there was a question and answer forum, where students could pose questions, and other students could answer these questions. And what is really amazing is that, because there were so many students, it means that even if a student posed a question at 3 o’clock in the morning, somewhere around the world, there would be somebody who was awake and working on the same problem, and he might answer that question. And so, in many of the online courses, the median response time for a question on the question and answer forum was 22 minutes. So in a word, if we wanted to offer top quality education to everyone around the world for free, what would that affect us? Three things. First, it would establish education as a fundamental human right, where anyone around the world with the ability and the motivation could get the skills they need. Second, it would enable lifelong learning. It’s a shame that for so many of us,learning stops when we finish high school or when we finish college. By making this amazing content available, we would be able to learn something new every time we wanted, whether it’s just to expand our minds or it’s to change our lives. And finally, this would make a wave of innovation possible, because amazing talent can be found everywhere. To sum up today, we have talked about some features of online education and its benefits. We are sure that online education will have a promising future. In the next lecture, we are going to learn how online education has changed people around the world.Online Education Introduction Online courses can bring the best quality education to people around the world for ponents of online education no constraints of【T1】______【T1】______—content design for online courses—short, modular units each discussing【T2】______【T2】______—different ways of dealing with the material—a much more【T3】______【T3】______ Providing students with—【T4】______ questions【T4】______—【T5】______ on the questions【T5】______ 【T6】______ in different ways【T6】______—【T7】______ forum【T7】______—median response time: 22 minutesBenefits of online education—education as a【T8】______【T8】______—enabling【T9】______【T9】______—making 【T10】______ possible【T10】______ConclusionOnline education will have a promising future.1．【T1】正确答案：aphysical classroom解析：本题属于网络教育构成要素中的第一点。

2002年英语专业四级考试试卷及答案Part ⅠWRITING ［45 MIN.］SECTION A COMPOSITIONNowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health. And they have different ways to stay healthy. For example, some exercise every day; others try to keep a balanced diet. What do you think is the best way to stay healthy?Write a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:THE BEST WAY TO STAY HEALTHYYou are to write in three parts.In the first part, state what you think is the best way.In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons.In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.SECTION B NOTE-WRITING ［10 MIN.］Write a note of about 50 - 60 words based on the following situation:You have heard that your friend, Jack, wishes to sell his walkman. Write him a note expressing your interest in it, asking him about its condition and offering a price for it.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.一.听力Part ⅡDICTATION ［15 MIN.］Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Part Ⅲ LISTENING COMPREHENSION ［20 MIN.］In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question.SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear eight statements .At the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.1. The speaker is most probably a(n) ___.A. architectB. construction workerC. tourist guideD. housing agent2. What does the statement mean?A. Travel is much faster and convenient now than before.B. People are now travelling much more than in old days.C. Traveling to far-away places has become very common.D. It used to take two more weeks to travel by coach than now3. The speaker feels sorry because___.A. he can’t attend tomorrow’s dinner.B. his wife can’t attend tomorrow’s dinner.C. the couple can’t attend tomorrow’s dinner.D. the couple would be unable to cook the dinner.4. Where is the speaker?A. In the zoo.B. In the classroom.C. In the library.D. At a meeting.5. What does the statement mean?A. One’s success is largely dependent on intelligence.B. Low motivation may lead to poor performance.C. Motivated people are more likely to succeed.D. Both motivation and intelligence are important.6. What does the speaker suggest?A. We should read word by word to get his meaning.B. We should read line by line to get his meaning.C. We should try to find the hidden meaning.D. We should try to find the lines and read them aloud.7. How much does the overcoat cost at the regular price?A. 120. . . .8. What does the speaker mean?A. The sports meet has been cancelled.B. The sports meet has been held despite the rain.C. The time has been set for the sports meet.D. When the sports meet will be held is yet to be known.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. 9． What are the speakers probably going to do?A. To persuade Mary to spend more time on her lessonsB. To help Mary to prepare for the upcoming concert.C. To talk with Mary about going to the concert.D. To ask Mary to stop worrying about the exam10. What can we learn about the man?A. He firmly believes in UFOs.B. He is doubtful about UFOs.C. He is sure many people have seen UFOs.D. He thinks many people have lied about UFOs.11. Which of the following has the man never been interested in?A. Electronic music.B. Civil engineering.C. Electronics.D. Electronic engineering.12. What does the man mean?A. The milk is safe to drink.B. The milk is not safe to drink.C. She s houldn’t have bought the milk.D. He wouldn’t have milk for breakfast.13. How many people were caught in the fire?. . . .14. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The woman will attend her course at 7:45.B. The woman will be late for the blood test.C. The woman will have her blood tested before the first class.D. The woman decides to miss the first class for her blood test.15. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Salesman and customer.B. Expert on jewelry and his wife.C. Estate agent and client.D. Husband and wife.16. How does the man probably feel?A. Nervous.B. Uninterested.C. Confident.D. Upset.17. What do we know about Bill?A. He is thoughtful.B. He is forgetful.C. He is careless.D. He is helpful.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 18 and 19 are based on the following news .At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.18. Which of the following is NOT a condition for the reduction of debts?A. Poverty elimination.B. Good government.C. Fight against corruption.D. Poor living standard.19. By cancelling the debts owed to her, Britain intends to ___a similar scheme proposed by the International Monetary Fund.A. rejectB. restartC. followD. reviewQuestions 20 and 21 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.20. What happened during the accident?A. A train hit another train.B. A train killed 23 people.C. A train went off its tracks.D. A train was trapped inside the station.21. Which of the following statements best describes the condition of the passengers?A. No one was fatally injured.B. There were many heavy casualties.C. No one was hurt during the accident.D. Someone was killed during the accidentQuestions 22 and 23 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.22. The civil servants held a strike to protest___.A. spending cuts.B. reform measuresC. pay cuts.D. low pay.23. The civil servants’ strike was staged ___the general strike.A. a few days afterB. a few days beforeC. a few weeks afterD. a few weeks beforeQuestions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.24. Which is the main idea of the news?A. Industrial relations in Germany.B. The German energy industry.C. Coalition in the government.D. Closure of nuclear reactors.25. The decision to shut down nuclear reactors resulted from the demand from___.A. the GovernmentB. the energy industryC. a party in the coalitionD. a declining need for nuclear energy三.完型填空Part Ⅳ CLOZE ［15 MIN.］Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed gradually as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and ( 26 ) a very simple affair in the beginning.( 27 ), when we observe the language behaviour of ( 28 )we regard as primitive cultures, we find it ( 29 )complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000words ( 30 ) to get along reasonably well, much larger than the active vocabulary of an average businessman who speaks English.( 31 ), these Eskimo words are far more highly infleeted (词尾转变的) than ( 32 ) of any of the well -known European languages, for a( 33 )noun can be spoken or written in ( 34 ) hundred different forms, each ( 35 )a precise meaning different from that of any other.The forms of the verbs are even more ( 36 ). The Eskimo language is, therefore, one of the most difficult in the world to learn,( 37 ) the result that almost no traders or explorers have( 38 )tried to learn it. Consequently, there has grown up, in communication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon ( 39 )to the pidgin English used in Old China, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are derived from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish, Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon that is usually( 40 ) by travellers as “the Eskimo langua ge〞.26. A. must be B. must have beenC. ought to beD. should be27. A. However B. ThereforeC. ProbablyD. Undoubtedly28. A. whose B. thatC. whichD. what29. A. conspicuously B. usuallyC. surprisinglyD. sufficiently30. A. so as B. so thatC. as suchD. as well as31. A. However B. MoreoverC. ThoughD. Therefore32. A. the others B. all othersC. theseD. those33. A. single B. singularC. pluralD. compound34. A. some B. severalC. variousD. varied35. A. getting B. causingC. havingD. owning36. A. endless B. multipleC. uncountableD. numerous37. A. with B. forC. owing toD. as38. A. still B. indeedC. justD. even39. A. alike B. similarC. relatedD. relevant40. A. referred to B. talked aboutC. spokenD. told三.选择Part Ⅴ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY ［15 MIN.］There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.41. She did her work ___her manager had instructed.A. asB. untilC. whenD. though42. ___of the twins was arrested, because I saw both at a party last night.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All43. For some time now, world leaders___ out the necessity for agreement on arms reduction.A. had been pointingB. have been pointingC. were pointingD. pointed44. Have you ever been in a situation ___ you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A. by whichB. thatC. in whereD. where45. We’ve just installed two air-conditioners in our apartment, ___should make great differences in our life next summer.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. they46. AIDS is said ___ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.A. beingB. to beC. to have beenD. having been47. She managed to save ___she could out of her wages to help her brother.A. how little moneyB. so little moneyC. such little moneyD. what little money48. Fool ___Jane is, she could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. thatD. like49. The experiment requires more money than___.A. have been put inB. being put inC. has been put inD. to be put in50. ___for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam.A. Had it not beenB. Hadn’t it beenC. Was it notD. Were it not51. “What courses are you going to do next semester?〞“I don’t know. But it’s about time ___on something.〞A. I’ d decideB. I decidedC. I decideD. I’ m deciding52. The police have offered a large___ for information leading to the robber’s arrest.A. awardB. compensationC. prizeD. reward53. I arrived at the airport so late that I ___missed the plane.A. onlyB. quiteC. narrowlyD. seldom54. The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers’ fears were completely___.A. unjustifiedB. unjustC. misguidedD. unaccepted55. The head of the Museum was ___and let us actually examine the ancient manuscripts.A. promisingB. agreeingC. pleasingD. obliging56. The multinational corporation was making a take-over ___for a property company.A. applicationB. bidC. proposalD. suggestion57. The party’ s reduced vote was ___ of lack of support for its policies.A. indicativeB. positiveC. revealingD. evident58. There has been a___ lack of communication between the union and the management.A. regretfulB. regrettableC. regrettingD. regretted59. The teacher ___expects his students to pass the university entrance examination.A. confidentiallyB. proudlyC. assuredlyD. confidently60. The ___family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before.A. normalB. average C usual D. general61. The new colleague ___to have worked in several big corporations before he joined our company.A. confessesB. declares C claims D. confirms62. During the reading lesson, the teacher asked students to read a few___ from the novel.A. piecesB. essays C fragments D. extracts63. During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n) ___ room in the hotels here.A. emptyB. vacantC. freeD. deserted64. The old couple will never ___the loss of their son.A. get overB. get away C get off D. get across65. Scientific research results can now be quickly___ to factory production.A. usedB. applied C tried D. practiced四.阅读理解APart Ⅵ READING COMPREHENSION ［30 MIN.］SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION ［25 MIN.］In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.TEXT AMany of the home electric goods which are advertised as liberating the modern woman tend to have the opposite effect, because they simple change the nature of work instead of eliminating it. Machines have a certain novelty value, like toys for adults. It is certainly less tiring to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved does not really amount to much: the machine has to be watched, the clothes have to be carefully sorted out first, stains removed by hand, buttons pushed and water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed. It would be more liberating to pack it all off to a laundry and not necessarily more expensive, since no capital investment is required. Similarly, if you really want to save time you do not make cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shop. Ifone compares the i mage of the woman in the women’s magazine with the goods advertised by those periodicals; one realizes how useful a projected image can be commercially. A careful balance has to be struck: if you show a labour-saving device, follow it up with a complicated’ recipe on the next page; on no account hint at the notion that a woman could get herself a job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness, emphasizing the creative aspect of her function as a housewife. So we get cake mixes where the cook simply adds an egg herself, to produce “that lovely homo-baked flavour the family love〞, and knitting patterns that can be made by hand, or worse still, on knitting machines, which became tremendously fashionable when they were first introduced. Automatic cookers are advertised by pictures of pretty young mothers taking their children to the park, not by professional women presetting the dinner before leaving home for work.66. According to the passage, many of the home electric goods which are supposed to liberate woman___.A. remove unpleasant aspects of houseworkB. save the housewife very little timeC. save the housewife’s time but not her moneyD. have absolutely no value for the housewife67. According to the context, “capital investment〞 refers to money___.A. spent on a washing machineB. borrowed from the bankC. saved in the bankD. lent to other people68. The goods advertised in women’s magazines are really meant to ___.A. free housewives from houseworkB. encourage housewives to go out to workC. make housewives into excellent cooksD. give them a false sense of fulfillmentTEXT BThe “standard of living〞of any country means the average person’s share of the goods and services which the country produces. A country’ s standard o f living, therefore, depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth. “Wealth〞 in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: “goods〞such as food and clothing, and “services〞 such as transport and entertainment.A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most ofwhich have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country’s natural resources, such as coal, gold, and other minerals, water supply and so on. Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a fertile soil and a favourable climate; other regions possess none of them.Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use. Some countries are perhaps well off in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, and for this and other reasons have been unable to develop their resources. Sound and stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth thananother country equally well served by nature but less well ordered. Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country’s people. Industrialized countries that have trained numerous skilled workers and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled.A country’s standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade. For example, Britain’s wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would otherwise be lacking. A country’s wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, provided that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.69. The standard of living in a country is determined by ___.A. its goods and servicesB. the type of wealth producedC. how well it can create wealthD. what an ordinary person can share70. A country’s capacity to produce wealth depends on all the factors EXCEPT ___.A. people’s share of its goodsB. political and social stabilityC. qualities of its workersD. use of natural resources71. According to the passage, ___ play an equally important rule in determining a country’s standard of living.A. farm productsB. industrial .goodsC. foodstuffsD. export and import TEXT CHow we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion.Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell us, we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boy’s hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up inthe same way as their mothers and grandmothers did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull.What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats, for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats: more American men followed his example.There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and America, short skirts became fashionable. After World War Two, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter the miniskirt was in fashion. After a few more years, skirts became longer again.Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy〞 look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion of the top fashion houses.At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you don’t look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and you’ll see that no one else does either!72. The author thinks that people are ___.A. satisfied with their appearanceB. concerned about appearance in old ageC. far from neglecting what is in fashionD. reluctant to follow the trends in fashion73. Fashion magazines and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to___.A. confidence in lifeB. personal dressC. individual hair styleD. personal future74. Causes of fashions are ___.A. uniformB. variedC. unknownD. inexplicable.75. Present-day society is much freer and easier because it emphasizes___.A. uniformityB. formalityC. informalityD. individuality76. Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Care about appearance in formal situations.B. Fashion in formal and informal situations.C. Ignoring appearance in informal situations.D. Ignoring appearance in all situations.TEXT DMassive changes in all of the world’s deeply cherished sporting habits are underway. Whether it’s one of London’s parks full of people playing softball, and Russians taking up rugby, or the Superbowl rivaling the British Football Cup Final as a televised spectator event in Britain, the patterns of players and spectators are changing beyond recognition. We are witnessing a globalization of our sporting culture.That annual bicycle race, the Tour de France, much loved by the French is a good case in point. Just a few years back it was a strictly continental affair with France, Belgium and Holland, Spain and Italy taking part. But in recent years it has been dominated by Colombian mountain climbers, and American and Irish riders.The people who really matter welcome the shift toward globalization. Peugeot, Michelin and Panasonic are multi-national corporations that want worldwide returns for the millions they invest in teams. So it does them literally a world of good to see this unofficial world championship become just that.This is undoubtedly an economic-based revolution we are witnessing here, one made possible by communications technology, but made to happen because of marketing considerations. Sell the game and you can sell Cola or Budweiser as well.The skilful way in which American football has been sold to Europe is a good example of how all sports will develop. The aim of course is not really to spread the sport for its own sake, but to increase the number of people interested in the major money-making events. The economics of the Superbowl are already astronomical. With seats at US $125, gate receipts alone were a staggering $ 10,000,000. The most important statistic of the day, however, was the $ 100,000,000 in TV advertising fees. Imagine howmuch that becomes when the eyes of the world are watching.So it came as a terrible shock, but not really as a surprise, to learn that some people are now suggesting that soccer change from being a game of two 45-minute halves, to one of four 25-minute quarters. The idea is unashamedly to capture more advertising revenue, without giving any thought for the integrity of asport which relies for its essence on the flowing nature of the action.Moreover, as sports expand into world markets, and as our choice of sports as consumers also grows, so we will demand to see them played at a higher and higher level. In boxing we have already seen numerous, dubious world title categories because people will not pay to see anything less than a “World Tide〞 fight, and this means that the titlefights have to be held in different countries around the world!77. Globalization of sporting culture means that ___.A. more people are taking up sports.B. traditional sports are getting popular.C. many local sports are becoming internationalD. foreigners are more interested in local sports78. Which of the following is NOT related to the massive changes?A. Good economic returns.B. Revival of sportsC. Communications technology.D. Marketing strategies.79. What is the author’s attitude towards the sug gestion to change soccer into one of four 25-minute quarters?A. Favourable.B. Unclear.C. Reserved.D. Critical.80. People want to see higher-level sports competitions mainly because___.A. they become more professional than ever.B. they regard sports as consumer goods.C. there exist few world-class championshipsD. sports events are exciting and stimulating听力原文及解析PART II DICTATIONDisappearing ForestsThe world’s forests are disappearing. As much as 1/3 of the total tree cover has been lost since agriculture began some 10,000 years ago. The remaining forests are home to half of the world’s species, thus becoming the chief resource for their survival. Tropical rain forests once covered 12% of the land of the planet, as well as supporting at least half of the world’s species of plants and animals. These rain forests are home to millions of people. But there are other demands on them. For example, much has been cut for timber. An increasing amount of forest land has been used for industrial purposes or for agricultural development such as crop-growing. By the 1990’ s less than half of the earth’ s original rain forests remained, and they continued to dis appear at an alarming rate every year. As a result the world’s forests are now facing gradual extinction.PART Ⅲ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A STATEMENT1. Next I’d like to show you a three-bedroom apartment on the second floor which is a newly built one we have for rent.2. It used to take a fortnight to travel from London to Edinburgh by coach. However, you could never travel many times around the world in that time.3. Jack, thank you for inviting us to dinner in your house tomorrow. But I’m e xtremelysorry that my wife and I won’t be able to make it.4. Last time we discussed some patterns of animal behavior and in today’s lecture you’ll concentrate on the methods used in the study of animals.5. In my opinion motivation, rather than intelligence, often decides how far a person can go in his career.6. In order to understand this writer thoroughly, you have to read between the lines.7. Last week at the sale Jane bought herself an overcoat for 30 pounds which was one quarter of the regular price.8. Due to the continual rain the school sports meet has been postponed again till further notice from the principal’s office.SECTION B CONVERSATION9. M: I’m really getting worried about Mary. She was sitting in for the exam in two weeks’ time. But all she is talking about now is nothing but an upcoming concert.W: She may fail along that line. Let’s try to talk some sense into her.10. W: Tony, do you have a belief in UFOs?M: Me? Well, I have never seen. But there are a lot of people who have, or they think they have, seen.11. M: You know, I started out in civil engineering, then I switched to electronic engineering. But what really interests me is electronic music.W: Well, that’s a long way away from civil eng ineering.12. W: How about a pound of milk for our breakfast? But it doesn’t seem to look fresh now. Do you think it is still all right to drink?M: Let me smell it. Well, it has gone off. If I were you, I wouldn’t even think of it. 13. M: Is it true that all of them survived the fire last night?W: Yes, a miracle, isn’t it? There was a couple on the second floor and two women and three kids on the ground floor. But no one was badly hurt.14. M: I’m going to take a blood test at 7:45 tomorrow mor ning.W: In that case, you won’t miss any courses tomorrow morning then.15. M: I’m not really an expert on precious stones, but these are superb. Don’t you like them?W: Have you looked at the price tag? It costs almost twice as much as a house where we。

英语专四真题how to assesa graduate school2022年英语专业四级真题试卷完整版和听力音频原文第一部分：真题试卷TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2022)-GRADEFOUR-TIMELIMIT:130MINPARTⅠDICTATION[10MIN]Pleae write the whole paage on ANSWER SHEET ONE。

音频位置（喜马拉雅）：PARTⅡLISTENINGCOMPERHESION[20MIN]SECTIONATALKIn thi ection you will hear a talk。

You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY。

While litening, you may look at the tak on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap。

Make ure what you fill in i both grammatically and emantically acceptable。

You may each gap。

Make ure what you fill in i both grammatically and emantically acceptable。

You may ue the blank heet for note-taking。

You have THIRTY econd to preview the gap-filling tak。

Now liten to the talk。

When it i over, you will be given TWO minute to check your work。

SECTIONBCONVERSATINSIn thi ection you will hear two converation。

2000Section A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear nine statements. At the end of the statement you w ill be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following nine questions.1. What is said about Harry¡¯s brother?A. He is happy with his job.B. He is a very ambitious man.C. He is too ambitious to be an engine driver.D. He doesn¡¯t like to be an engine driver.2. What do you learn about Ms. Ellis?A. She has been waiting.B. She is examining her patient.C. She is seeing her doctor.D. She wouldn¡¯t mind waiting.3. Joan is probably a___.A. nurseB. doctorC. lawyerD. saleswoman4. The speaker sees Mary wear ___ different silk scarves in a week.A. 2B.5C.7D. 65. Where will the passengers change trains to go to Gilford?A. East Croydon.B. Victoria.C. Southeast.D. Red Hill.6. What is the speaker probably doing?A. Interviewing a clerk.B. Writing a job ad.C. Dismissing a clerk.D. Making inquires7. What does the speaker mean?A. Emily is neither honest nor trustworthy.B. Emily used to be honest only.C. Emily used to be trustworthy only.D. Emily is more than honest and trustworthy.8. When does the next train leave?A. 6:56.B. 7:00.C.7:28.D.8:38.9. What was wrong with Malcolm?A. He had trouble working hard.B. He didn¡¯t know where to go.C. He never went anywhere.D. He worked hard but never succeeded.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear eight short conversations between two speakers. A t the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following eight questions.10. What¡¯s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Doctor and patient.C. Lawyer and client.D. Boss and secretary.11. What is the weather usually like in November?A. Hotter than the present weather.B. More humid than the present weather.C. Drier than the present weather.D. Cooler than the present weather.12. What conclusion can we draw from this conversation?A. Public buses are fast and cheap.B. Parking is becoming a big problem.C. Subway trains are even safer than taxis.D. Taxis are more convenient than buses.13. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Fixing the woman¡¯s computer.B. Ordering some new parts by Friday.C. Getting the new parts ready by Friday.D. Sending the woman¡¯s computer for repair.14. What can we learn from the conversation?A. Neither of them has a favourable opinion of the service.B. The woman is having a terrible time serving in the restaurant.C. Both agree it¡¯s time for the restaurant to fire some staff.D. The man thinks the restaurant is all right, but the woman doesn¡¯t.15. Who will pay for the call?A. The man.B. The operator.C. The man¡¯s sister.D. The man and his sister.16. What does the man think of the woman¡¯s choice of clothing?A. He thinks her choice is good.B. He thinks her choice is terrible.C. He doesn¡¯t like the colour.D. He doesn¡¯t like the style.17. What happened to Mr. Runt¡¯s project?A. It was fairly successful.B. It was hard and futile.C. It failed for lack of fund.D. It stopped for lack of land.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestion 18 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 1O seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.18. According to the news, NATO and Russia___.A. have finalized a charter on their new relationshipB. still have differences in military and political issuesC. will hold a fifth round of talks in LuxembourgD. made no progress in this round of talksQuestions 19 and 20 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions.Now listen to the news.19. ___ people were killed during the air crash.A. 61B. 51C. 41D. 1020. According to the news, the plane crashed___.A. shortly before it landedB. minutes after it took offC. after it cleared the mountainsD. at the foot of the mountainsQuestions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions.Now listen to the news.21. Which of the following is NOT listed as a terrorist group by the US?A. The pro-Iranian Hezbollah.B. The Palestinian group Hamas.C. The Irish Republican Army.D. The Basque separatist group ETA.22. The affected groups will be prevented from___.A. entering the United States legallyB. freezing US financial assets abroadC. receiving support from other countriesD. giving weapons to other terrorist groupsQuestion 23 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 1O seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.23. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu___.A. has been prosecuted by the Justice MinistryB. may be prosecuted by the Justice MinistryC. has been prosecuted by the policeD. will be prosecuted on MondayQuestions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the two questions.Now listen to the news.24. The winners of the reported elections are___.A. the left-wing ConservativesB. the left-wing SocialistsC. the centre-right ConservativesD. the centre-right Socialists25. If the left secures the parliamentary majority,___.A. Chirac will share his presidential power with JospinB. Jospin will share his prime ministerial power with ChiracC. Jospin will become prime minister, and Chirac will remainD. Jospin will become prime minister, and Chirac will resign2000ÄêרҵËļ¶ÌýÁ¦ÊÔÌâÌýÁ¦Ô-ÎÄ£ºPART ¢ò DICTATIONWhat We Know About LanguageMany things about language are a mystery and will remain so. However, we now do know something about it. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. No human race anywhere on earth is so backward that it has no language of its own at all. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped but the languages they speak are by no means primitive. In all the languages existing in the world today, there are complexities that must have been developed for years. Third, we knowthat all languages are perfectly adequate. Each is a perfect means of expressing its culture. And finally, we know that language changes over time, which is natural and normal if a language is to survive. The language which remains unchanged is nothing but dead.PART ¢ó LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A STATEMENT1. Harry¡¯s brother would not remain an engine driver if he were ambitious.2. Would you mind waiting a few minutes? Ms Ellis is being examined by her physician at this moment.3. Joan is in hospital. I¡¯d like to send her a handbag she can use later in the law office, where she is employed.4. Mary and I work in the same office. We are on five days and off two days in a week. Every time I see her, she is wearing a different silk scarf.5. We¡¯ll come aboard Southeast Service to Red Hill, East Corydon and Victoria, with changes in Red Hill for Gilford.6. What we need here is a clerk who is careful and CONSIDERATE. Let¡¯s write that in the ad: carefulness and consideration are a must.7. I used to think Emily was honest and trust-worthy, but now I know better.8. The first train to Green Hill leaves at 6:28. There is a train every hour on the hour and every 28 minutes PAST the hour.9. The trouble is no matter how hard he tried, Malcolm didn¡¯t seem to get anywhere.SECTION B CONVERSATION10. M£ºWhat do you think? Am I OK?W: Well, there is some information that seems to me ... I want to have a thorough checkup and do some tests.11. M: It¡¯s hot! I wish it would rain and cool off!W: This isn¡¯t usual for November. I don¡¯t remember it ever being so hot and dry in November before.12. M: Many people prefer taking public buses or the subway or even taxis because parking is getting to be a real headache in some parts of the city.W: That doesn¡¯t surprise me.13. M: Hello, Good morning, I¡¯m calling to check on the status of mycomputer.W: Well, the new parts have just been coming in, so it should be ready by Friday.14. M£º My goodness, the service in this restaurant is really terrible,a lot worse than before.W: Right. It¡¯s high time they got rid of half the staff here if you ask me.15. M: Operator, I booked a long-distance collect call for my sister in Switzerland 25 minutes ago, but I haven¡¯t got a reply yet.W: Sorry£¬ I ring it for you right now.16. W: I¡¯ll wear this blue jacket. I like the color on me, don¡¯t you think?M: I think it looks terrific on you, really.17. M: How did Mr. Hunt¡¯s project turn out? I heard he had trouble with the financing, but then he could get the loan he wanted.W: It¡¯s true. He did have difficulties at first. But all in all, the project couldn¡¯t have turned out better.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item One (18)NATO and Russia are reporting some progress in efforts to finalize a charter governing their post-cold-war relationship. But they stressed more work must be done to settle their differences in military and political issues. A fifth round of talks between the Russian foreign minister and NATO Secretary General ended Tuesday in Luxembourg.News Item Two (19-20)A Boeing 727 aircraft with 51 passengers and 10 crew on board has crashed into a mountain side just outside the Columbia capital, Bogota. Police and rescue workers said everyone was killed when the plane exploded scattering wreckage over a wide area. The crash happened shortly after take-off when the plane was unable to gain enough height to clear the mountains. The aircraft belonged to Ecuadorian Airline, but it had been chartered by Air-France for the route from Bogota to Ecuadorian Capital, Quito.News Item Three (21-22)The US has designated thirty international groups as terrorist organizations, barring them from receiving money, weapons or other support from US citizens. The new terrorist list includes a Palestinian group Hamas, the Pro-Iranian Hezbollah, Cambodian¡¯s Khmer Rouge, the Basque separatist group ETA, Sri Lanka¡¯s Tamitigers, and Peru-based Shining Path and Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement. The list does not include the Irish Republican Army or the Palestinian Liberation Organization. US Secretary of State Maddine Albright says the affected groups will have their US visas revoked and US financial assets frozen.News Item Four (23)Israeli prosecutors are reviewing charges against Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, after Israeli police called off his indictment. Justice Ministry officials say they hope a decision on whether to bring charges against the Israeli leader will be announced Sunday. The case stems from the appointment of Runny Barong as Israeli attorney general. Critics charged the appointment was part of a conspiracy to end the trial of Netanyahu¡¯s political ally.News Item Five (24-25)The combined left-wing opposition in France has defeated President Jaque Chirac¡¯s ruling conservative coalition in the first round of the country¡¯s parliamentary elections. Projections by French TV give the Socialist-led opposition 40% of the vote and Mr. Chirac¡¯s center-right coalition 37%. If the left secures the majority of seats in parliament, Socialist leader Leono Jospin would likely became prime minister in the power-sharing arrangement with President Chirac.2000ÄêרҵËļ¶ÌýÁ¦ÊÔÌâ²Î¿¼´ð°¸£º1-5 ACCBD6-10 BABDB11-15 DBAAC16-20 AABAB21-25 CABBC2001SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear nine statements. At the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.1. The speaker likes teaching because of ___.A. its interesting natureB. the good salariesC. contact with the youngD. more summer holidays2. What does the speaker mean?A. Bad living conditions are due to the poor city.B. Bad planning is responsible for poor living conditions.C. Living conditions are bad because the city is too big.D. Small cities have better living conditions than large ones.3. What does the statement mean?A. Many people are concerned about their security.B. Social security bears no relation to population.C. Most social security problems are caused by a few people.D. Too many people may result in social security problems.4. Passengers must check in to board Flight 998 by ___.A. 10:30 a.mB. 10:00 a.mC. 11:30 a.mD. 11:00 a.m5. The speaker is probably a(n) ___.A. insurance agentB. firemanC. salesmanD. policeman6. The speaker thinks that___.A. Ian achieved a lot as an athleteB. Ian¡¯s blind eye prevented him from athleticC. Ian¡¯s success depended on his childhood experienceD. Ian trained so hard in athletics as to lose one eye7. Mrs. Clark is worried about her___.A. husband¡¯s healthB. husband¡¯s workC. husband¡¯s illnessD. own health8. The relationship between Susan and Jenny is ___.A. neutralB. friendlyC. unclear D strained9. What do we learn about Jack?A. He is well-known for hard work.B. He is pretty busy working.C. He has overworked and hurt his sight.D. He doesn¡¯t like to have dinner with us.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.10. What are they mainly talking about?A. Graduation date.B. Vacation plans.C. School courses.D. Job hunting.11. The conversation probably takes place in___.A. a libraryB. a bookstoreC. the classroomD. a department store12. The relationship between the two speakers is probably___.A. man and wifeB. lawyer and clientC. customer and waitressD. colleagues13. We can infer from the conversation that the man is a(n) ___.A. plumberB. construction workerC. office boyD. porter14. What will the man probably do next?A. Turn off the tape recorder.B. Turn up the tape recorder.C. Call the doctor.D. Continue to play.15. How does Lisa feel about her work?A. Satisfied.B. Frustrated.C. Annoyed.D. Confident.16. The woman is going to the___.A. libraryB. theatreC. research instituteD. laboratory17. Jackson changed his job because he ___.A. hurt himself during his workB. was not satisfied with his planC .wanted to work harderD. found the job too hard18. What does the woman say about the film?A. It is hard to pronounce the name.B. It is not going to be well received.C. She has temporarily forgotten its name.D. She has never heard of the name.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTQuestions 19 and 20 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.19. Nigeria returned to the Commonwealth after ___.A. she had sentenced minority rights activists to deathB. the military had resumed control of the countryC. power had been handed over to an elected presidentD. she had negotiated with Commonwealth leaders20. The Commonwealth consists of ___countries which were former British colonies.A. 54B. 29C. 9D. 95Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.21. The space shuttle Discovery completed a ___mission upon to the Kennedy Space Centre.A. 11-dayB. 94-dayC. 10-dayD. 49-day22. When the spacecraft was going to land, ___.A. it produced a lot of noiseB. there were scattered showerC. people could see it high in the skyD. people could neither see nor hear itQuestions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 second to answer the question.Now listen to the news.23. How many people died during the collision?A Two.B Eighteen. C. Three. D. Five.24. Three Albanians were arrested for___.A. attacking the patrol boaB. smuggling in refugeesC. causing the accidentD. injuring refugeesQuestion 25 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.25. The news item is mainly about___.A. efforts to salvage Sun VistaB. negotiation with the ship¡¯s ownerC. threats Sun Vista poses to passing shipD. a newspaper¡¯s comment on Sun Vista2001ÄêÓ¢ÓïרҵËļ¶ÌýÁ¦Ô-ÎÄÎı¾£ºSECTION A STATEMENT1. I have to teach the same course books several times in the summer holiday camp, which is sometimes boring and not well-paid, but by and large I¡¯m quite delighted at being with young people.2. The poor living conditions in such a large city have resulted from the unplanned real estate development, which is rarely seen in small cities.3. At a recent seminar, many participants were worried about the fact that overpopulation may give rise to many social security problems.4. May I have your attention, please? Flight 998 is leaving at 11:30a.m. Please check in half an hour prior to the departure.5. Having gone through your claims for fire damage, I don¡¯t think the policy you have provided protection against loss by fire.6. Ian lost one eye in a childhood accident, but he nonetheless hada very successful athletic career.7. Mr. and Mrs. Clark used to smoke. But now Mrs. Clark has stopped and she is afraid her husband will fall ill if he doesn¡¯t get rid of his bad habit of smoking both at home and at work.8. I heard from Mary that last semester, Susan found it difficult to stay on good terms with her roommate Jenny.9. Jack says that he is up to his eyes at work at present and really cannot afford the time to have dinner with us.SECTION B CONVERSATION10. W: I want to find a part-time job during the summer vacation and earn some money. How about youM: I¡¯m going to take a few summer courses so that I can graduate early next year.11. W: Excuse me, I want some dictionaries. Where can I find themM: The regular-priced ones are here and on that table in the corner of the room we have some on discount.W: Thank you.12. W: I wonder where I can take my girlfriend for dinner after work tonight.M: Have you been to the Chinese Restaurant near the school13. M: Hello, the pipe in my bedroom is leaking. Can you come and get it repaired right awayW: Well, it depends on how soon I can finish the drains at the office building.14. W: Do you think you can play the music tape another time, dear? I¡¯ve got a slight headache.M: Of course. Sorry. I didn¡¯t realize you could hear it. You want me to call the doctorW: No, thanks. I¡¯ll be OK in a minute.15. M: Lisa, how are you getting along with our term paperW: I¡¯ve been writing and rewriting it. I simply don¡¯t know if I will ever get it finished.16. W: I must go to the library, the one near the laboratory, becauseI have to finish my research project by tomorrow. But if I could, I prefer to go with you to the theatre.M: I wish you could come along.17. M: Why did Jack suddenly decide to quit his jobW: He said he wouldn¡¯t break his back working for such low pay.M: I see.18. M: Are you sure you can remember the name of the film you saw last weekW: It¡¯s just on the tip of my tongue.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item One (19-20)Commonwealth leaders agreed to lift Nigeria¡¯s 3-5 years¡¯ suspension on May 29, the day the military government hands over power to the elected president, the organization secretary general announced yesterday.Nigeria was suspended from the 54 nation group of mainly former British colonies in 1995 after it executed 9 minority rights activists including writer Ken Thawrawiwa. But now that the country has embarked on the return to democracy, Commonwealth heads of government have agreed to end this estrangement. Secretary general chief Ormiga Anyaco said in a statement: ¡°I¡¯m delighted an unfortunate episode in Nigeria Commonwealth relations will now come to an end and Nigeria is resuming its rightful place in the Commonwealth.News Item Two (21-22)The Space Shuttle Discovery made a real night landing at the Kennedy Space Center early on Thursday. The night landing, the 11th in the centre¡¯s 94 shuttle missions, ended a 10-day mission to outfit the orbiting international space station. Although the space craft created a solid boom that can be heard along much of Florida¡¯s eastern seaboard, witnesses on the ground could not see the orbiter until it was directly over the one-way lights. Scattered showers off the Florida coast had threatened to postpone the shuttle¡¯s return. But broadcasters gave a green light when they decided no rain will fall within 48 kilometres of the space centre.News Item Three (23-24)Five people died, two were missing and at least 18 were injured on Wednesday when an Italian petrol vessel collided with a dinghy filled with refugees crossing the Adriatic sea from Albania, authorities said. The victims were believed to be Albanians from either Albania or Kosovo, said authorities from Italy¡¯s Tax Police Division, which, along with the coast guard, patrols the nation¡¯s coast. The cause of the collision was not immediately known. Three Albanians, believed be smuggling the refugees were arrested a few hours after the accident.News Item Four (25)Malaysian authorities are discussing possible salvage efforts with Sun Cruisers, the Singapore owner of a large liner, that sunk off Malaysialast week, a news report said yesterday. Sun cruisers had received some advice from Malaysia on the matter. The Business Times newspaper quoted the company¡¯s spokeswoman Judy Shoo Asian. Judy and other Sun Cruiser¡¯s officials could not immediately be reached for further comment as they were away in Indonesia. The Sun Vista went down in international waters. The nearby Malaysia may have the right to order the wreck¡¯s removal, the newspaper said. Salvage experts said the wreck of the Sun Vista, which sank in 65 metres of water, poses no threat to ships passing over it. But Malaysia may still want it removed.2001ÄêÓ¢ÓïרҵËļ¶ÌýÁ¦ÊÔÌâ²Î¿¼´ð°¸£ºPART ¢ò DICTATIONCharacteristics of a Good ReaderTo improve your reading habits, you must understand the characteristics of a good reader. First, the good reader usually reads rapidly. Of course, he does not read every piece of material at the same rate. But whether he is reading a newspaper or a chapter in a physics text, his reading rate is relatively fast. He has learned to read for ideas rather than words one at a time. Next, the good reader can recognize and understand general ideas and specific details. Thus he is able to comprehend the material with a minimum of effort and a maximum of interest. Finally, the good reader has in his command several special skills, which he can apply to reading problems as they occur. For the college student, the most helpful of these skills include making use of the various aids to understanding that most text books provide and skim-reading for a general survey.1-5 CBDDA6-10 AADBB11-15 BDAAB16-20 ABCCA21-25 CADBB2002SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear eight statements .At the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.1. The speaker is most probably a(n) ___.A. architectB. construction workerC. tourist guideD. housing agent2. What does the statement mean?A. Travel is much faster and convenient now than before.B. People are now travelling much more than in old days.C. Traveling to far-away places has become very common.D. It used to take two more weeks to travel by coach than now3. The speaker feels sorry because___.A. he can¡¯t attend tomorrow¡¯s dinner.B. his wife can¡¯t attend tomorrow¡¯s dinner.C. the couple can¡¯t attend tomorrow¡¯s dinner.D. the couple would be unable to cook the dinner.4. Where is the speaker?A. In the zoo.B. In the classroom.C. In the library.D. At a meeting.5. What does the statement mean?A. One¡¯s success is largely dependent on intelligence.B. Low motivation may lead to poor performance.C. Motivated people are more likely to succeed.D. Both motivation and intelligence are important.6. What does the speaker suggest?A. We should read word by word to get his meaning.B. We should read line by line to get his meaning.C. We should try to find the hidden meaning.D. We should try to find the lines and read them aloud.7. How much does the overcoat cost at the regular price?A. 120.B.15.C.60.D.45.8. What does the speaker mean?A. The sports meet has been cancelled.B. The sports meet has been held despite the rain.C. The time has been set for the sports meet.D. When the sports meet will be held is yet to be known.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.9£® What are the speakers probably going to do?A. To persuade Mary to spend more time on her lessonsB. To help Mary to prepare for the upcoming concert.C. To talk with Mary about going to the concert.D. To ask Mary to stop worrying about the exam10. What can we learn about the man?A. He firmly believes in UFOs.B. He is doubtful about UFOs.C. He is sure many people have seen UFOs.D. He thinks many people have lied about UFOs.11. Which of the following has the man never been interested in?A. Electronic music.B. Civil engineering.C. Electronics.D. Electronic engineering.12. What does the man mean?A. The milk is safe to drink.。

unions专四听力原文2018年英语专四真题答案解析（含听力原文）PART I DICTATIONEmotional Reaction to MusicNo matter who you are, where you live, / or what your cultural background is, / people get some pleasure from listening to their favorite music. / However, some people are simply not capable of enjoying music. / This is not because they can’t experience pleasure at all. / They don’t have trouble hearing music properly, either. / Instead, they’re just indifferent to music. / Researchers have conducted studies to find out / why some people have no emotional reaction to music. / However, despite their efforts, the mystery remains.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TAL1. seven2. sounds3. cognitive4. a sound change5. six-month-old6. discriminate the7. their first birthday8. totally equivalent9. incredible different10. taking statisticsSECTION B CONVERSATIONSConversation One1. According to the man, what is a British characteristic?答案：C. The British are unable to speak a foreign language.2. What is the second most-spoken language in the UK?答案：B. Polish.3. Why was the 1,000 Words Campaign launched?答案：A. To help improve international trade.4.According to the man, which is not considered an advantage of learning a foreign language?答案：D. It makes you work hard.5. What’s the most probable relationship between the man and the woman?答案：B. Schoolmates.Conversation Two6. According to Alice, what is a phobia?答案：A. An unreasonable fear.7. What are the chances of getting knocked off one’s bicycle and killed in a one-mile journey?答案：C. One in fourteen million.8. What kind of event do people tend to worry about?答案：B. Catastrophic events.9. Which may involve a chronic risk?答案：D. Smoking cigarettes.10. Why do some people enjoy risks?答案：A. They get pleasure from risks.婴儿的语言天赋The Linguistic Gift of Babies大家早上好。

专四试题及答案2024一、听力理解（共20分）1. 短对话理解（共5分）- 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。

- 例：What is the man going to do?- A. Go to the library.- B. Go to the cinema.- C. Go to the concert.- 答案：A2. 长对话理解（共5分）- 根据所听对话，回答以下问题。

- 例：What is the main topic of the conversation?- 答案：The main topic is the upcoming holiday plans.3. 新闻听力（共5分）- 根据所听新闻，选择正确答案。

- 例：What is the news report mainly about?- A. A new policy.- B. A natural disaster.- C. A sports event.- 答案：B4. 听力填空（共5分）- 根据所听短文，填写空缺的单词或短语。

- 例：The project was completed on _______.- 答案：schedule二、阅读理解（共30分）1. 快速阅读（共10分）- 阅读文章，判断下列句子是否正确。

- 例：The article mainly discusses the benefits of exercise.- 答案：True2. 深度阅读（共20分）- 阅读文章，回答以下问题。

- 例：What is the author's opinion on the issue?- 答案：The author believes that the issue requires a balanced approach.三、词汇与语法（共20分）1. 词汇选择题（共10分）- 选择最合适的词填空。

- 例：The _______ of the new policy was met with mixed reactions.- A. introduction- B. conclusion- C. exclusion- 答案：A2. 语法填空（共10分）- 根据句子结构，填写正确的语法形式。

华研专四听力答案专四听写 50 篇Dictation 1 Superstition 迷信（144 words）One person in four in Britain is, apparently, superstitious, / and they’ll do everything f rom hanging horseshoes over their fireplace to crossing their fingers, / touching wood and absolutely never walking under a ladder. / And they’re careful about cats. / Black cats are supposed to be the familiars of witches, / so if one is following you it’s definitely bad luck ?a witch is after you! / On the other hand, if one crosses your path and continues / then it’s good luck because it hasn’t noticed you. / However, in some places the beliefs are different / ? so it pays to know where your black cat comes from! / Old superstitions linger even in today’s modern world. / The author Philip Pullman drew on them / in his award winning novel “His Dark Materials”. / The novel, which appeals to both children and adults, / has been adapted for radio and also the theatre.Dictation 2 Graduate Student 研究生（157 words）Graduate students specialize in a particular field of study. / They study to become experts in this field / and to learn new advances in their fields while they earn an M.A. or Ph.D. / Sometimes when they get an M. A. in one field they begin studying another field. / They hope that when they earn their graduate degrees / they will succeed in finding important jobs. / They hope to get jobs that are interesting and high paying. / Thelife of a graduate student is often difficult. / They are usually too busy studying to make a good living. / Often they have to pay high tuition fees for their education. / Some give up studying before they get their degrees. / But most keep on working at their studies until they graduate. / In today’s world, most graduate students don’t regret spending time with their studies. / They are finding that new developments are occurring in all fields. / For many graduate study has become a necessity. /Dictation 3 April Fool’s Day 愚人节（157 words）1st April is a day to be careful, or you could easily get tricked by someone. / It’s April Fool’s Day, a day when people traditionally like to try / to make a fool of someone else and laugh at them. / There are lots of theories surrounding the origins of the day, / but one explanation isconnected with the change in the calendar in the 16th century, / which meant that 1st April was no longer the beginning of the year. / Those who still celebrated the New Year on 1st April were called fools. / So what kind of pranks do people play on April Fool’s Day? / Well, there are lots of simple tricks / that you can play on your friends. / For example, you could wear a black sweater / and pull a piece of white thread through it, / so that people try to pull it off. / You could change the time on someone’s alarm clock / so that they’re late for work. /Dictation 4 Living Online 网上生活（159 words）How do you meet new people, make new friends, or find out about the latest bands? / Here in the UK young people have traditionally done their socializing in bars, pubs and clubs. / However, there is a new generation growing up / that finds it easier to manage their social lives on the net, / using free websites like MySpace, Bebo or MSN Spaces. / Welcome to the social networking website / ? a place where you can present yourself to the digital community and meet other like-minded people. / The most successful social networking website in the UK is . / As of Jul y 2006, MySpace is the world’s fourth most popular English-language website, / attracting almost 3 million visitors per month. / MySpace claims to have 95 million members / with 500,000 new members joining the community each week. / So how has it become so successful? / Perhaps its secret is in its simplicity. / Each new member can build their own page simply ? uploading photos, videos and MP3 files.Dictation 5 Mother’s Day 母亲节（160 words）Does your mother know how much you appreciate her? / Well, Mother’s Day is the time to show her. / It’s a chance to say ‘thank you’, or to tell your mum how much you love her. / In Britain, Mother’s Day, or Mothering Sunday, / falls on a different day each year, / because it takes place a few weeks before the festival of Easter. / But it is always in the early springtime, which seems appropriate, / as the season when new plants emerge, / and baby birds and animals are born. / In the USA, Mother’s Day takes place a little later, in May, / andmany other countries also celebrate their mothers on different days of the year. / It began many years ago, when children, / especially girls, as young as 10 would live and work away from home / as housemaids and other types of servant. / Mothering Sunday was a daywhen everyone was allowed to go to their home village or town, and visit their mothers.Dictation 6 Online Shopping 网上购物（159 words）With only two weeks to go before Christmas, / buying presents is a high priority for a lot of people. / However, this year not so many people are leaving their homes to browse around the shops. / These days lots of people can do their shopping / in the comfort of their own home with the help of the internet. / Online shopping is becoming more and more popular for a number of reasons; / prices are often lower online, / you don’t have to queue up in busy shops / and you can buy almost any product imaginable / with just a few clicks of your mouse. / Computer trends are often male-dominated / but this year women are expected to do more shopping on the internet than men. / It seems women are now more attracted to the convenience of online shopping than they used to be. / Average spending online this Christmas by women will rise to ￡240 / compared to the slightly lower average of ￡233 for men.Dictation 7 Reality TV 真实电视（155 words）The latest fashion on British TV is Reality TV. / Reality TV means that shows follow and film ordinary people in an artificial situation. / This could be at work, or in some kind of competition. / One of the first and most popular Reality TV shows is Big Brother. / In this show, 15 complete strangers have to live together in a house for 11 weeks. / They are filmed 24 hours a day, / and shown on television. / Each week, the viewers vote to evict one of the housemates. / Finally, only one is left, / and they win the prize money! / The show was an instant hit, and runs in several countries. / The housemates often become stars as a result of the show, / and appear in national newspapers and on other shows. / Another very popular show is I’m a Celebrity ? Get Me Out Of Here! / In this show, 10 celebrities have to complete tasks each week, such as eating insects.Dictation 8 School 学校（160 words）September is traditionally the end of summer / and the beginning of autumn in the UK. / It is also the month when children go back to school after their long summer holidays. / There are two types of school in England. / State-run schools are paid for by the government, so are free to attend. / Independent Schools are private, which means you have to pay to attend. / The school day usually starts at 9 in the morning and finishes around 4, / with breaks forlunch of course! / In many schools, you have to wear a uniform too. / Children start school when they are 5 years old. / Thisis called primary school, / and lasts until the child is 11 when he or she will go on to senior school. / Secondary school is compulsory from 11 until 16 years of age. / At 16, students take national examinations called GCSE’s. / After this, students can stay at school for another 2 years and take A Level examinations.Dictation 9 The Modern Family 现代家庭（154 words)Father leaves for work in the morning after breakfast. / The two children take the bus to school, / and mother stays home cooking and cleaning / until father and the kids return home in the evening. / This is the traditional picture of a happy family living in Britain. / The past 20 years have seen enormous changes in the lives and structure of families in Britain. / The biggest change has been caused by divorce. / As many as 2 out of 3 marriages now end in divorce, / leading to a situation where many children live with one parent / and only see the other at weekends or holidays. / There has also been a huge rise in the number of women with children who work. / The large rise in divorces has meant / many women need to work to support themselves and their children. / Even when there is no divorce, / many families need both parents to work in order to survive.Dictation 10 Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节（146 words）On 25th September this year, people all over China / will be getting together to eat with their families, / look at the moon and celebrate one of the biggest festivals in the Chinese lunar calendar. / However, the celebrations stretch far beyond the borders of China. / Here in the UK events are taking place for Chinese people living here, / and to teach the people of Britain more about this popular festival. / The Soho Theatre in London conducted a study / which showed that Chinese Londoners don’t engage much with the arts world. / As a result, ‘Moon walking In China’ has been created to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival. / This is no normal theatre production though, / as it doesn’t take place in the theatre. /Theatre professionals and volunteers from the local community / will take audiences around the streets of Soho / on a magical lantern-lit walk / through the landmarks and backstreets of Chinatown.Dictation 11 The Dragon 龙（160 words）When many people in the west think of China, / the animal that they think of is the dragon. / For them, the dragon is an aggressive monster that breathes fire. / Many popular legends tell of how dragons killed brave knights and ate beautiful maidens. / For Chinese people however, the dragon is not an evil monster. / It’s a cultural and spiritual symbol for prosperity and good luck. / The dragon’s main task is to create harmony and bring rain. / Dragons are celebrated in art and architecture, / and of course the dragon dance is a very popular ritual. /Millions of Chinese have the word ‘long’, meaning dra gon, as part of their name. / China isn’t the only country to have the dragon as its symbol. / Wales, one of the four countries in the UK, / has a red dragon proudly displayed on its flag. / The only other country in the world with a dragon on its flag is Bhutan, / the tiny country between China and India.Dictation 12 Rainy Britain 阴雨的英国（153 words)Britain is famous around the world for its rainy weather, / but many parts of the country this June / are experiencing much more rain than they have ever seen before. / Torrential downpours have caused rivers to burst their banks, / roads have been closed and many people have been evacuated / from their homes because of the floods. / The worst hit area seems to be the north of England. / There have even been fatalities as people got stuck in the rain / or were washed away by the floodwaters. / Flood warnings have been issued in many parts of the UK / and it is said that over a month’s worth of rain has fallen in just the last couple of days. / The rain has also caused chaos at some of Britain’s famous June events. / The Glastonbury festival is a four-day-long outdoor music festival / and while it is traditionally quite rainy and muddy there, / this year was particularly bad.Dictation 13 Christmas traditions 圣诞节传统（145 words）There are many ways to celebrate Christmas, / and some British people like to go on holiday, / go out for lunch to a restaurant, or spend the day with friends. / But most people’s idea of a traditional Christmas / involves spending a few days with their family / ? sometimes their extended family. / The day is the most exciting for the children. / They may have spent weeks or even monthsdreaming of the presents they want most. / Since the beginning of December, they may have opened their advent calendars, / finding a new festive picture, chocolate, or small gift, / to count down each day until 25th December. / On Christmas Eve, they hang up stockings, / ready to be filled with presents by Santa Claus. / Often a thank you gift of a mince pie and a glass of sherry will be left, / as well as a carrot for those hungry reindeer.Dictation 14 Olympic Slogan 奥运口号（140 words）Beijing unveiled the slogan for the 2008 Olympics as far back as 2005. / “One World, One Dream” was finally selected / from more than 210,000 entries from around the world. / Beijing’s original bid to host the 2008 games / had a different slogan “New Beijing, Great Olympics”. / The orga nizers felt the newslogan shifted the focus nicely / from the city of Beijing itself to the spirit of the Olympics /? unity, friendship amongst nations and progress. / It was also felt that the “One World, One Dream” slogan / captured the traditional Chin ese values of peace and harmony. / The Olympics hasn’t always had a slogan attached to each host country. / In fact it wasn’t until 1988 at the Seoul Olympics in South Korea / that the first slogan appeared. / “Harmony and Progress” was chosen / and it seems to have been a popular theme over the years.Dictation 15 Sunbed 太阳床（159 words）In the UK, a country known for its bad weather and lack of sunshine, / there appears to be an ever increasing number of very tanned young people. / So just how are they achieving their golden tans? / Some are opting for the sun-free option / and are getting their tan from a bottle. / However, it appears that others are turning to tanning salons, / of which there are thousands in the UK. / While in China young people often prefer to remain fair, / in the UK there seems to be a growing desire for tanned skin. / So why do the British prefer to be bronzed? / Often, they are trying to emulate their favorite celebrities, footballers, or footballers’ wives. / Research from the British Sunbed Association suggests that / many people believe a tan makes them feel and look healthier. / This is a belief that is most definitely not shared by Cancer Research UK. / They firmly state that being tanned is not a sign of health. /Dictation 16 Speechwriting 写演讲稿（143 words）The success of a speech is often attributed to the skill of the speaker, / with merit being given to speakers who are confident, articulate, / knowledgeable and able to deliver a speech with conviction. / But often it is not the speakers who write these moving speeches, / it is a speechwriter. / And one industry in which this practice is common is that of politics. / So what does it take to be a political speechwriter? / Well according to a recent job advertisement from the US Embassy in Britain, / a political speechwriter needs to have exceptional interpersonal skills, / be detail oriented and able to demonstrate a deep knowledge of their subject. / They must also work closely with speakers / and be able to relate to their style.。

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010)-GRADE FOUR-TIME LIMIT: 135 MIN PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.1. The following details have been checked during the conversation EXCEPTA. number of travelers.B. number of tour days.C. flight details.D. room services.2. What is included in the price?A. Air tickets and local transport.B. Local transport and meals.C. Air tickets, local transport and breakfast.D. Air tickets, local transport and all meals.3. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance.B. The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance.C. The traveler doesn't have to buy travel insurance.D. Travel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.B. Mark knows the exact number of delegates' spouse.C. Mark doesn't know the exact number of delegates yet.D. Mark doesn't know the number of guest speakers.5. What does Linda want to know?A. The arrival time of guest speakers.B. The departure time of guest speakers.C. The type of transport for guest speakers.D. The number of guest speakers.6. How many performances have been planned for the conference?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Not mentioned.7. Who will pay for the piano performance?A.Pan-Pacific Tours.B.Johnson & Sons Events.C.Conference delegates.D.An airline company.Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.8. What is NOT missing in Mary's briefcase?A. Her cheque book.B. Her papers for work.C. Her laptop.D. Her appointment book.9. Where was Mary the whole morning?A. At the police station.B. At a meeting.C. In her client's office.D. In the restaurant.10. Why was Mary sure that the briefcase was hers in the end?A. The papers inside had the company's name.B. The briefcase was found in the restaurant.C. The restaurant manager telephoned James.D. The cheque book inside bore her name.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. We learn from the passage that about two-thirds of the courses are taught throughA. the School of Design and Visual Arts.B. the School of Social Work.C. the School of Business.D. the Arts and Sciences program.12. What is the cost of undergraduate tuition?A. Twenty thousand dollars.B. Thirty thousand dollars.C. Twenty-seven thousand dollars.D. Thirty-eight thousand dollars.13. International students can receive all the following types of financial assistance EXCEPTA. federal loans.B. private loans.C. scholarships.D. monthly payment plans.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. According to the passage, mothers in ____ spend more time looking after children.A. FranceB. AmericaC. DenmarkD. Australia15. Which of the following activities would Australian fathers traditionally participate in?A. Feeding and playing with children.B. Feeding and bathing children.C. Taking children to the park and to school.D. Taking children to watch sports events.16. According to the study, the "new man" likes toA. spend more time at work.B. spend more time with children.C. spend time drinking after work.D. spend time on his computer.17.It is suggested in the passage that the "new man" might be less acceptable inA. France.B. Britain.C. Australia.D. Denmark.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18.The services of the new partnership are provided mainly toA. mothers of infected babies.B. infected children and women.C. infected children in cities.D. infected women in cities.19.Which of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT?A. It is a nonprofit organization.B. It provides public health services.C. It carries out research on public health.D. It has worked in five countries till now.20.The example of Cambodia mainly showsA. the importance of government support.B. the importance of public education efforts.C. the progress the country has made so far.D. the methods used to fight AIDS.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. According to the news, the victim wasA.A 17-year-old girl.B.A 15-year-old boy.C.A 23-year-old woman.D.An l 8-year-old man.22. We learn from the news that the suspects were arrestedA. one month later.B. two months later.C. immediatelyD. two weeks later.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23.The Iraqi parliament can vote on the security agreement only afterA. all parties have agreed on it.B. the US troops have pulled out.C. the cabinet has reviewed it.D. the lawmakers have returned from Mecca.24.According to the news, the US troops are expected to completely pull out byA. mid-2009.B. the end of 2009.C. mid-2011.D. the end of 2011.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25.The following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras EXCEPTA.the police.B.the district attorney.C.the prison authorities.D.Institute of Childhood and Family.26. What punishment would parents face if they allowed their children to beg?A. To be imprisoned and fined.B. To have their children taken away.C. To be handed over to the authorities.D. None.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item，you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.27.What is the news item about?A. Coastlines in Italy.B. Public use of the beach.C. Swimming and bathing.D. Private bathing clubs.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.28.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the news?A. The airport was shut down for Friday.B. There was a road accident involving two buses.C. Local shops were closed earlier than usual.D. Bus service was stopped for Friday.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29.How many people were rescued from the apartment building?A. 17.B. 24.C. 21.D. 41.30.Which of the following details in the news is CORRECT?A.The rescue operation involved many people.B.The cause of the explosions has been determined.C.Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday.D.The explosions didn't destroy the building.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage it" inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.How men first learned to invent words is unknown; (31) ____, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain (32) ____ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, (33) ____ they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed (34) ____ certain signs, called letters, which could be (35) ____ to represent those sounds, and which could be (36) _____. Those sounds, whether spoken, (37) _____ written in letters, we call words.The power of words, then, lies in their (38) ____ the things they bring up before our minds. Words become (39) ____ with meaning for us by experience; (40)._____ the longer we live, the more certain words (41) _____ to us the happy and sad events of our past: and the more we (42) ____, the more the number of words that mean something to us (43) ____ Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal (44)___to our minds and emotions. This (45)___and telling use of words is what we call (46)___style. Above all, the real poet is a master of (47)___. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which (48)___their position and association can (49)__ men to tears. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will (50)___our speech or writing silly and vulgar.31. A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary32. A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements33. A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that34. A. in B. with C. of D. upon35. A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied36. A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed37. A. and B. yet C. also D. or38. A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links39. A. filled B. full C. live D. active40. A. but B. or C. yet D. and41. A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect42. A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite43. A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges44. A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully45. A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common46. A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic47. A. signs B. words C. style D. sound48. A. in B. on C. over D. by49. A. move B. engage C. make D. force50. A. transform B. change C. make D. convertPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?B. I wish I could write as well as you.C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone53. He feels that he is not yet ____ to travel abroad.A. too strongB. enough strongC. so strongD. strong enough54. After___ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.A. thatB. itC. whatD. there55. Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.A. whoB. asC. likeD. that56. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. They each have two tickets.B. They cost twenty yuan each.C. Each they have bought the same book.D. They were given two magazines each.57. She seldom goes to the theatre, _____?A. doesn't sheB. does sheC. would sheD. wouldn't she58. Dr Johnson is head of the department, ____ an expert in translation.A. orB. eitherC. butD. and59. When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.A. youB. theyC. heD. we60. It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.A. hand inB. hands inC. must hand inD. has to hand in61. In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is)____.A. the objectB. an adverbialC. a complementD. the subject62. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures are very interesting.B. Half their savings were gone.C. Many his friends came to the party.D. Both his sisters are nurses.63. Which of the following sentences has an object complement?A. The directors appointed John manager.B. I gave Mary a Christmas present.C. You have done Peter a favour.D. She is teaching children English.64. Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film ___"?A. beforeB. recentlyC. latelyD. yet65. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.A. To be not tallB. Not being tallC. Being not tallD. Not to be tall66. Due to personality _____, the two colleagues never got on well in work.A. contradictionB. conflictC. confrontationD. competition67. During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging _____ in the streets.A. aboutB. onC. overD. out68. There were 150 ____ at the international conference this summer.A. spectatorsB. viewersC. participantsD. onlookers69. School started on a ____ cold day in February.A. severeB. bitterC. suchD. frozen70. In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, ____ action.A. determiningB. defensiveC. demandingD. decisive71. The team has been working overtime on the research project ____.A. latelyB.just nowC. lateD. long ago72. Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remainedA. motionlessB. inactiveC. stagnantD. immobile73. The police had difficulty in ____ the fans from rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.A. limitingB. restrainingC. confiningD. restricting74. Joan is in the dorm, putting the final ____ to her speech.A. detailsB. remarksC. commentsD. touches75. His_____ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.A. indulgenceB. habitC. actionD. engagement76. The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did _____.A. absolutelyB. accidentallyC. accordinglyD. accurately77. You can actually see the deer at close range while driving through that area. The italicized phrase means _____.A. clearlyB. very nearC. quicklyD. very hard78. He listened hard but still couldn't what they were talking about.A. make overB. make upC. make uponD. make out79. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n) salary and benefits package.A. generousB. plentifulC. abundantD. sufficient80. As there was no road, the travelers ____ up a rocky slope on their way back.A. ranB. hurriedC. scrambledD. crawledPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO. TEXT AWhat is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science? We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment.The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which henotices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.He is skeptical—he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available—and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them.Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to make hypotheses of how processes work and how events take place.These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts.81. Many people believe that science helps society to progress throughA. applied knowledge.B. more than one aspect.C. technology only.D. the use of machines.82. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity?A. It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work.B. It gives rise to interest in problems that are unexplained.C. It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.D. It encourages the scientist to look for new ways of acting.83. According to the passage, a successful scientist would notA. easily believe in unchecked statements.B. easily criticize others' research work.C. always use his imagination in work.D. always use evidence from observation.84. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Application of technology.B. Progress in modem society.C. Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.D. How to become a successful scientist.85. What is the author's attitude towards the topic?A. Critical.B. Objective.C. Biased.D. Unclear.TEXT BOver the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds, a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senseless mess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet - meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific community did not take long to scoff at and abandon von Daniken's theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific community.Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result of the creation of the Internet. Currently there are over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin America's past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the right direction.86. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena.B. Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru.C. Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.D. Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.87. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were foundA. in mountains.B. in stones.C. on animals.D. on a plain.88. We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the __ the images they present.A. smallerB. largerC. clearerD. brighter89. There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because ofA. the participation of scientists.B. the emergence of the lnternet.C. the birth of new theories.D. the interest in the Internet.90. The author is ____ about the role of the internet in solving mysteries.A. cautiousB. pessimisticC. uncertainD. optimisticTEXT CGraduation speeches are a bit like wedding toasts. A few are memorable. The rest tend to trigger such thoughts as, "Why did I wear such uncomfortable shoes?"But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger. Every year a few colleges and universities in the US attract attention because they've managed to book high-profile speakers. And, every year, the media report some of these speakers' wise remarks.Last month, the following words of wisdom were spread:"You really haven't completed the circle of success unless you can help somebody else move forward." (Oprah Winfrey, Duke University)."There is no way to stop change; change will come. Go out and give us a future worthy of the world we all wish to create together." (Hillary Clinton, New York University)."'This really is your moment. History is yours to bend." (Joe Biden, Wake Forest University).Of course, the real "get" of the graduation season was first lady Michelle Obama's appearance at the University of California, Merced. "Remember that you are blessed," she told the class of 2009, "Remember that in exchange for those blessings, you must give something back... As advocate and activist Marian Wright Edelman says, 'Service is the rent we pay for living ... it is the true measure, the only measure of success'."Calls to service have a long, rich tradition in these speeches. However, it is possible for a graduation speech to go beyond cliche and say something truly compelling. The late writer David Foster Wallace's 2005 graduation speech at Kenyon College in Ohio talked about how to truly care about other people. It gained something of a cult after it was widely circulated on the Internet. Apple Computer CEO Steve Jobs' address at Stanford University that year, in which he talked about death, is also considered one of the best in recent memory.But when you're sitting in the hot sun, fidgety and freaked out, do you really want to be lectured about the big stuff?. Isn't that like trying to maintain a smile at your wedding reception while some relative gives a toast that amounts to "marriage is hard work"? You know he's right; you just don't want to think about it at that particular moment. In fact, as is the case in many major life moments, you can't really manage to think beyond the blisters your new shoes are causing.That may seem anticlimactic. But it also gets to the heart of one of life's greatest, saddest truths: that our most "memorable" occasions may elicit the fewest memories. It's probably not something most graduation speakers would say, but it's one of the first lessons of growing up.91. According to the passage, most graduation speeches tend to recall ____ memories.A. greatB. trivialC. unforgettableD. unimaginative92. "But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger" is explainedA. in the final paragraph.B. in the last but one paragraph.C. in the first paragraph.D. in the same paragraph.93. The graduation speeches mentioned in the passage are related to the following themes EXCEPTA. death.B. success.C. service.D. generosity.94. It is implied in the passage that at great moments people fail toA. remain clear-headed.B. keep good manners.C. remember others' words.D. recollect specific details.95. What is "one of the first lessons of growing up"?A. Attending a graduation ceremony.B. Listening to graduation speeches.C. Forgetting details of memorable events.D. Meeting high-profile graduation speakers.TEXT DCultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for acquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers. The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea societies, like that of the Lesu on the island of New Ireland in the Pacific and that of the Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status as a married couple. In U.S. society, it is just the reverse. A couple may go out to dinner on a first date.Other cultural rules have to do with taboos against eating certain things. In some societies, members of a clan, a type of。

Passage 1Weather in BritainIn Britain the weather is news. /A television weather forecast often begins with an interesting fact /– the town with the top temperature of the day or the place with the most rain. /The public like that kind of information. /But the BBC forecasters do not have an easy job. /They are the only presenters on the television who do not use a script, /and they cannot see the map they are describing. /Viewers are often critical, especially of female presenters. /One woman left her job after rude letters and press reports about her clothes. /The British talk about the weather more than almost any other subject, /so it is a surprise to discover /that seventy percent of television viewers cannot remember /what they saw on the weather forecast. /What happens is that people like watching and hearing the forecasts, /but they probably only take real notice when they need to. / (152 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 3Asian ElephantThe Asian elephant is one of the world’s rarest animals. /Unfortunately, its sad condition has not been as well publicized as that of the African elephant. /This is because Asian elephant’s ivory supplies only a small percentage of the world ivory trade. /In fact, we know very little about the Asian elephant. /They live in the remote forests of southern Asia /and it is therefore very difficult to study them. /Most knowledge of Asian elephants is from those that have been captured, or tamed. / Asian elephants are easier to tame than African elephants. /The major reason for the decline of Asian elephants is the harm to their forests. /The huge increase in the human population/ has caused the destruction of the Asian forest. /As a result, the Asian elephants are compelled to scatter in different areas./Originally they lived all over the continent, /but now there are only small isolated populations left. /They are vulnerable to extinction. / (159 words)___________________________________________________________________ Passage 4Happy CommutersThe Golden Gate Bridge joins the beautiful city of San Francisco /with the suburbs to the north. /Each day about one hundred thousand automobiles cross the bridge /taking people to and from the city. /More than half of them cross the bridge during the morning and evening rush hours. /When traffic is so heavy, the trip is not pleasant. /Now, however, there is at least one group of happy commuters. /These are people who travel under the bridge instead of on it. /They go to work by boat /and enjoy it so much that most of them say they will never go by car again. /The ferry they take is spacious, quiet and comfortable. /Commuters can enjoy the sun on deck. /The trip takes only 30 minutes and is not very costly. /Best of all, being on boat seems to make people more friendly toward each other. /There has always been a marriage of two commuters who met on the ferry. / (162 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 5The Red CrossThe worldwide Organization of the Red cross stems from the ideal of Henri Dunant, a Swiss Banker. /On 24th, June 1859, on his way from Geneva to France, /Dunant witnessed a battle. /It was one of the fiercest battles of the 19th century. /Shocked by the lack of medical supplies and attention given to the wounded, /Dunant decided that volunteer service had to be organized. /He gathered together a number of women /who attended the hundreds of wounded soldiers of all nationalities /and helped the surgeons as best they could. /He determined to form a body of people /who would rally together in times of war and attend to the needs of the wounded and thedying. /Many Europeans states supported him /and on 22nd, August 1864 the first Geneva Convention was signed. /This lays down that once a soldier is wounded /everyone else who comes to his help ceases to be an enemy. / (154 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 6Cars in the FutureWhat kind of care will we be driving by the year 2030? /Rather different from the type we know today. /With the next decade bringing greater change than the past 50 years, /the people who will be designing the models of tomorrow believe that /environmental problems may well accelerate the pace of the car’s deve lopment. /The vision is that of a machine with 3 wheels instead of 4, /electrically-powered, environmentally clean and able to drive itself along intelligent roads, /equipped with built-in power supplies. /Future cars will pick up the fuel during long journeys /from a power source built into the road. /This view of future cars is based on a much more sophisticated road system. /Cars will be automatically controlled by a computer. /All the driver will have to do is to say where to go /and the computer will do the rest. /It will be impossible for cars to crash into one another. / (155 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 7Dogs as PetsMost people have had a dog or wanted one as their companion at some time in their life. /If you are thinking of buying a dog, /you should first decide what sort of companion you need. /You must also be ready to devote a good deal of time to train the dog when it is young /and give it the exercise it needs throughout its life. / Dogs are demanding pets. /Whereas cats identify with the house /and so are content if their place is secure, /a dog identifies with its master /and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection. /The best time to buy a baby-dog is when itis between 6-8 weeks old /so that it can transfer its affection from its mother to its master. /If baby-dogs have not established a relationship with the human being /until they are over 3 months old, /their strong relationship will always be with dogs. / (156 words)_____________________________________________________________________ Passage 8Why Do We Cry?Why do we cry? /Can you imagine life without tears? /Not only do tears keep your eyes lubricated, /they also contain a substance that kills certain bacteria so they cannot infect your eyes. /Give up tears, and you will lose this on-the-spot defense. /Nobody wants to give up the flood of extra tears you produce /when you get something physical or chemical in your eyes. /Tears are very good at washing this irrit ating stuff out. /Another thing you couldn’t do without your tears is cry from joy, anger or sadness. /Humans are the only animals that produce tears in response to emotions, /and most people say a good cry makes them feel better. /Many scientists, therefore, believe that crying somehow helps us cope with emotional situations. /It may be that tears discharge certain chemicals from your body, /chemicals that build up during stress. /What do you think will happen to people who restrain their tears? / (155 words)_____________________________________________________________________ Passage 10The MarsScience fiction writers have often imagined humans going to live on the Mars. /But these days, scientists are taking the idea seriously. /It has a great deal to recommend it, /since it might solve the problem of overcrowding on the earth. /But obviously, it would not be worth making the effort /unless people could live there naturally. /If the atmosphere were like that of the earth, /this might be possible. /Apartfrom that, there are other problems to overcome. /For example, the temperature would have to be raised from 6 degrees below zero to 15 degrees above it. /Scientists who study Mars have laid down the program that they can follow. /To begin with, they will have to find out /whether life has ever existed on the planet of Mars in the past. /Secondly, they will have to make a reliable map of its surface. /And finally, they will have to make a list of the gases on Mars. / (159 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 11SharksTo most of us sharks are the most dangerous fish in the sea and they attack humans. /However, according to Doctor Clark, who has studied the behavior of sharks for 12 years, /humans are not normally on the shark’s menu. /She also found that sharks don’t eat as much as people think. /For instance, a 9-year-old shark only needs two pounds of food a day to keep healthy. /But she says, sharks sometimes starve /and at other times they fill themselves with what they have killed. /Around the world, there are only about one hundred shark attacks on humans each year, /ten of which proved fatal. /If you went underwater-fishing and saw a shark, /you could be in trouble. /The shark might go for the injured fish you have attacked /and take a bite of you at the same time. /If you go into a shark’s territory and threaten it, /it might try to bite you because sharks are territorial. / (160 words)_____________________________________________________________________Passage 12Waterways in the USIn the early 19th century, waterways in the middle of the United States /providedNorth America the most popular form of long distance transport. /Travel by river was often more convenient than taking a wagon over country roads, /especially when shipping heavy loads of farm products or household goods. /When the natural waterways were not adequate, /shallow canals were built. /The Erie Canal, opened in 1825, /connected the Great Lakes with the upper Hudson River. /It allowed residents in the Great Lakes region /to send their crops eastward to New York City at a much lower cost. /The construction of the Erie Canal also encouraged people to move westward. /The city of Detroit and Chicago became flourishing cities. /By the mid 1800, faster and cheaper railroads became more popular /and the canal system declined. /During the first third of the century, however, /transport on the rivers, lakes and canals aided greatly in the growth of the United States. /(158 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 13The English LanguageEnglish is increasingly significant in the globalization of the world. /Generally, English is the most important linguistic vehicle in all the human activities carried out worldwide. /These activities include application of science and technology /in medicine, transport, entertainment and information technology /and all the other fields related to human life. /Science and technology cannot do without languages, /which are symbolic systems though not the only ones. /In a world where there are global human enterprises, /a language that is widely understood, /and that can be used across the boundaries of different countries, is a necessity. /English has been extensively used for the purposes of exchanging information. /No matter whether English is more suited to be used as an international language or not, /it is really suited to a great variety of scientific and technological purposes. /It has a very large vocabulary /and all sorts of ways of extending its vocabulary that is already much ample to meet changing needs. /(159 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 14GlobalizationPeople around the globe are more connected to each other than ever before. /“The Era of Globalization” is fast becoming the preferred term for describing the current times. /Globalization is a process of interaction and integration /among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, /a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. /This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, /on economic development and prosperity, /and on human physical well-being in societies around the world.Policy and technological developments of the past few decades /have spurred increases in cross-border trade, investment, and migration so large that / many observers believe the world has entered a qualitatively new phase in its economic development.Technology has been the other principal driver of globalization. /Advances in information technology, in particular, have dramatically transformed economic life. /Information technologies have given consumers, investors and businesses /valuable new tools for identifying and pursuing economic opportunities. /(158 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 17British Pub CultureVisitors to Britain may find the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub. / Most pubs have no waiters / --you have to go to the bar to buy drinks. / This may sound inconvenient, / but there is a hidden purpose. / Pub culture is designed to promote sociability in a society known for its reserve. / Standing at the bar for service / allows you to chat with others waiting to be served. / The bar counteris possibly the only site in the British Isles / in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered really quite normal behavior. / The trouble is that if you do not follow the local rules, / the experience may fall flat. / For example, if you are in a big group, / it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks. / Nothing irritates the regular customers while they chat about what to order.（163 words）_____________________________________________________________________ Passage 18 CoffeeCoffee is a brewed beverage prepared from roasted seeds, / commonly called coffee beans. / Due to its caffeine content, / coffee has a stimulating effect in humans. / Today, coffee is one of the most popular beverages worldwide. /Coffee was first consumed in the ninth century, / when it was discovered in the highlands of Ethiopia. / Coffee has played an important role in many societies throughout history. / In Africa, it was used in religious ceremonies. /Coffee is an important export commodity. / In 2004, coffee was the top agricultural export for 12 countries, / and in 2005, it was the world's seventh largest legal agricultural export by value. /Some controversy is associated with coffee cultivation and its impact on the environment. / Many studies have examined the relationship between coffee consumption and certain medical conditions. / Whether the overall effects of coffee are positive or negative is still disputed. （159 words）_____________________________________________________________________ Passage 19Buses in LondonThe London Bus is one of London's principal icons. / Although the Routemaster has now been largely phased out of service, / with only two heritage routes still using the vehicles,/ the majority of buses in London are still red / and therefore the red bus remains an iconic symbol of the city./In Britain bus-type vehicles used for long distances / or where it is not possible to get on at any stop / and buy a ticket are always called coaches rather than buses. / Buses have been used on the streets of London since 1829, / and in 1855 the London General Omnibus Company or LGOC was founded / to regulate the horse-drawn omnibus services then operating in London. / LGOC began using motor omnibuses in 1902, / and manufactured them itself from 1909./ The last LGOC horse-drawn bus ran on 25 October 1911, / although independent operators used them until 1914. (155 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 20American FoodMany meals in America are arranged around popular television shows. / People like to eat in front of the TV, / and they sit in a chair or on a sofa. / Cooking in the USA is not just hamburgers, pizza and fast food. / However, the American fast food restaurant chains / have been very successful at introducing American-style fast food around the world. / Now people from many lands believe / it is what everyone eats all the time in the USA. /Most traditional American foods were introduced by the early European immigrants / but modified to take advantage of the locally available ingredients. / Fried chicken, meatloaf, baked potato, corn, baked beans and apple pie / would be considered traditional American dishes. /Regional cooking varies from state to state / and is highly influenced by the types of ingredients locally available, / as well as the cultural background of the people that settled in the area. / (165 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 21New YorkThe City of New York has been the most populous city in the United States since 1790, / while the New York metropolitan area / ranks among the most populous urban areas in the world. / A leading global city, / it exerts a powerful influence over worldwide finance, culture, fashion and entertainment. / As host of United Nations headquarters, / New York is also an important center for international affairs./ The city's estimated population exceeds 8.2 million people / living in just under 305 square miles,/ making New York City the most densely populated major city. / New York is notable among American cities for its high use of mass transit, / much of which runs 24 hours, / and for the overall density and diversity of its population. / The city is sometimes referred to as "The City that Never Sleeps", / while other nicknames include Gotham and the Big Apple. /(153 words)_____________________________________________________________________Passage 22Public SchoolPublic-school education is the most common form of education in the United States / and is provided mainly by local governments, / with control and funding coming from three levels: / federal, state, and local./ Curricula, funding, teaching, and other policies are set / through locally elected school boards by jurisdiction over school districts. / The school districts are special-purpose districts / authorized by provisions of state law. / Generally, state governments can and do set minimum standards / relating to almost all activities of primary and secondary schools, / as well as funding and authorization to enact local school taxes to support the schools. / The federal government funds aid to states and school districts / that meet minimum federal standards. / The first tax-supported public school in America was inMassachusetts. / The vast majority of adults born in the U.S. have attended a U.S. public school. / (149 words)_____________________________________________________________________ Passage 24French FriesFrench fries, or french-fried potatoes are thin strips of potato / that have been deep-fried. / They are popular in many countries / and go by many names in various languages. / A distinction is sometimes made between fries and chips. / North Americans often refer to any elongated pieces of fried potatoes as fries, / while in other parts of the world, / long slices of potatoes are sometimes called fries to contrast them with the thickly cut strips, / which are often referred to as chips. / French fries can contain a large amount of fat or oils from frying. / Some researchers have suggested / that the high temperatures used for frying such dishes may have results harmful to health. / In the United States about ¼ of vegetables consumed are prepared as French fries / and are proposed to contribute to widespread obesity. / Many restaurants now advertise their use of unsaturated oils. / (158 words) Passage 25MoneyMoney is anything that is generally accepted as payment / for goods and services and repayment of debts./ The main uses of money are as a medium of exchange, / a unit of account, and a store of value. / Some authors explicitly require money to be a standard of deferred payment. / The dominant form of money is currency. / The term "price system" is sometimes used / to refer to methods using commodity valuation or money accounting systems. /Money is used as an intermediary for trade, / in order to avoid the inefficiencies of a barter system, / which are sometimes referred to as the 'double coincidence ofwants problem'. / Such usage is termed a medium of exchange. / In economics, money is a broad term that refers to any financial instrument / that can fulfill the functions of money. / Modern monetary focuses on the liquidity of the financial instrument used as money. / (158 words)_____________________________________________________________________ Passage 26NewspapersA newspaper is a publication containing news, information, and advertising. / General-interest newspapers often feature articles / on political events, crime, business, entertainment, society and sports. / Most traditional papers also feature an editorial page / containing columns that express the personal opinions of writers./ Supplementary sections may contain advertising, comics, and coupons./ Newspapers are most often published on a daily or weekly basis, / and they usually focus on one particular geographic area where most of their readers live. / Despite recent setbacks in circulation and profits, / newspapers are still the most iconic outlet for news and other types of written journalism. /By the late 1990s，the Internet posed an ongoing challenge / to the business model of most newspapers in developed countries. / Many newspapers around the world launched online editions / in an attempt to follow or stay ahead of their audience. / However, in the rest of the world, newspapers continue to grow. / (160 words)_____________________________________________________________________Passage 27The History of TeaAfter water, tea is the most widely-consumed beverage in the world. / The Chinese have consumed tea for thousands of years. / People of the Han Dynasty used tea as medicine. / China is considered to have the earliest records of tea consumption, / with records dating back to the 10th century BC. / Legend has it that master Lao Zi was saddened by society's moral decay and, / sensing that the end of the dynasty was near, / he journeyed westward to the unsettled territories, / never to be seen again./ While passing along the nation's border, / he encountered and was offered tea by a customs inspector, / who encouraged him to compile his teachings into a single book / so that future generations might benefit from his wisdom. / This then became known as the Dao De Jing, a collection of Laozi's sayings. / A national custom of offering tea to guests began in China. / (158 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 28ChristmasEvery year after Thanksgiving, / most people’s thoughts turn to Christmas. / It is the time when professing Christians are supposed to focus on Jesus Christ. / It is the day we celebrate as the birthday of Jesus. / There are special Christmas services in Christian churches all over the world. / But many of the festivities of Christmas do not have anything to do with religion. / Exchanging gifts and sending Christmas cards / are the modern ways of celebrating the Christmas in the world. / And the Christmas has become popular /when Christmas cards appeared in 1846 / and the concept of a jolly Santa Claus was first made popular in nineteenth Century. / Christmas is thought by most to be a wonderful time, / focusing the participants on /giving, family togetherness, beautiful music and decorations, / feasting on special foods and singing Christmas carols throughout the neighborhood. / (150 words)Passage 29For years, students were assured that with a college degree in hand / they could acquire an excellent job. / In recent years, however, several developments / havesignaled the onset of a change / in the supply-demand relationship in the services of higher education. / Teachers with terminal degrees far outnumber / the available teaching positions in many disciplines. / The chairman of a science department today / may receive three to four hundred applications / for a position that once attracted only half a dozen. / Administrations of colleges and universities must be prepared / to enter into competition with all other suppliers of products and services. / Today’s students are in touch with the reality of the world, / and they realize that while a degree may obtain the first job for them, / keeping the job and advancing depend upon the education behind the degree. (148 words)_____________________________________________________________________ Passage 33Credit Card SecurityCredit card security relies on the physical security of the plastic card / as well as the privacy of the credit card number. / Therefore, whenever a person other than the card owner / has access to the card or its number, / security is potentially compromised. / Once, merchants would often accept credit card numbers / without additional verification for mail order purchases. / It's now common practice to only ship to confirmed addresses / as a security measure to minimize fraudulent purchases. / Some merchants will accept a credit card number for in-store purchases, / but many require the card itself to be present, / and require a signature. / A lost or stolen card can be cancelled, / and if this is done quickly, / will greatly limit the fraud that can take place in this way. / (141 words)____________________________________________________________________ Passage 34Independent FilmmakingFilmmaking also takes place outside of the mainstream / and is commonly called independent filmmaking. / Since the introduction of DV technology, / the means ofproduction have become more democratized./ Filmmakers can conceivably shoot and edit a film, / create and edit the sound and music, / and mix the final cut on a home computer. / However, while the means of production may be democratized, / financing, distribution, and marketing remain difficult to accomplish outside the traditional system. / Most independent filmmakers rely on film festivals / to get their films noticed and sold for distribution. / However, the Internet has allowed for relatively inexpensive distribution of independent films; / many filmmakers post their films online for critique and recognition./ Although there is little profitability in this, / a filmmaker can still gain exposure via the web. 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