新视野第三册unit6课文翻译
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Unit11.我还要感谢那些在我处境艰难时支持我的人. My thanks go to those who still stuck by me when I fell upon dark days.2.他出版了一本通俗小说,賺了很多钱> 所以有能力买新房和轿车•Now that he has published a popular novel which earns him a large amount of money, he is able to buy a new house and a car.3.警察说,他们产生怀疑是因为姑娘的尸体上还有其他印记. The police said that their suspicions were aroused because the girl had other marks on her body.4.你怎么能这样对她说话?是她把你养大,帮你完成学业. How can you talk to her like that? She is the one who brought you up and helped you finish school.5.尽管这些学生毕业后的道路会很艰难,但他们的前途却是光明的•Hard as the road for these students after school will be, their prospects are bright.6.为了有足够的钱来经营这个商行,他拍卖了新买的房子,损失了一大笔钱•In order to have enough money to run the business, he sold his newly-bought house at auction even at a substantial loss.7. 他批评警察局长对自己的部门监管不严是完全有道理的. He is fully justified in criticizing the police commissioner for poorly supervising his department.8.为吸引外宾,这些受保护的古代建筑被修复得很漂亮. These ancient buildings which are under protection have been restored beautifully to attract foreigners.1.On Saturday night at The Grouse’s Nest, they’re still willing to raise a glass or two to “Lord Williams", though now his title prompts laughter. 周六晚,在“牢骚酒吧”,村民依旧乐意向“威廉斯勋爵”祝酒,尽管这个头衔现在只能引来阵阵笑声。
1. 被告是位年仅30岁的女子,她坚持称自己无罪。
The defendant a woman of only 30 kept insisting on her own innocence.2. 总体看来,枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色食物是最好的铁质来源。
All tings considered dates beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron.3. 正餐时不供应饮料,饮料会影响消化。
No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion.4. 考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度,提前定旅馆是明智的。
Taking the popularity of the region into consideration it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 5. 服药后若有呕吐感,请立即停止使用并尽快咨询医生。
If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible.6. 总结这次结论时,他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方式来解决这一问题。
Summing up the discussion he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem.1.在思维方面,与他的行为一样,他是非常传统的。
In his thinking as in his behavior he is very traditional.2. 教师一旦同意接受新的教学计划,他们就得面对新计划所带给他们的压力。
All I wanted was to talk to my family, and get some dry socksOne month ago, I landed Flight 1549 safely in the Hudson River. In some ways, that was the easy part.1 The night of the accident, after we'd safely accounted for all 155 people on the airplane, left the hospital, finally reached the hotel—the pilots' union and the NYPD whisking us away—I remember thinking that my needs were very simple. I'd lost all my belongings; I'd had the most harrowing three minutes of my life. All I really wanted was to talk to my family, and get some dry socks.2 It has been a month since the airplane I piloted, US Airways Flight 1549, made an emergency landing in the Hudson River.3 Since then, the attention given to me and my crew—I'm trying to resist, somewhat unsuccessfully, everyone's attempt to make this about fewer than five people—has obviously been immense. But I still don't think of myself as a celebrity. It's been a difficult adjustment, initially because of the "hero" mantle that was pushed in my direction. I felt for a long time that that wasn't an appropriate word. As my wife, Lorrie, pointed out on 60 Minutes, a hero is someone who decides to run into a burning building. This was different—this was a situation that was thrust upon us. I didn't choose to do what I did. That was why initially I decided that if someone offered me the gift of their thankfulness, I should accept it gratefully—but then not take it on as my own.4 As time went by, though, I was better able to put everything in perspective and realize how this event had touched people's lives, how ready they were for good news, how much they wanted to feel hopeful again. Partly it's because this occurred as the US presidency was changing hands. We've had a worldwide economic downturn, and people were confused, fearful and just so ready for good news. They wanted to feel reassured, I think, that all the things we value, all our ideals, still exist—that they're still there, even if they're not always evident.5 When I was very young, my father impressed upon me that a commander is responsible for the welfare of everyone in his care. Any commander who got someone hurt because of lack of foresight or poor judgment had committed an unforgivable sin. My father was a dentist in the Navy, serving in Hawaii and San Diego from 1941 to 1945. He never saw combat, but he knew many who did. In the military, you get drilled into you the idea that you are responsible for every aspect of everyone's welfare.6 During every minute of the flight, I was confident I could solve the next problem. My first officer, Jeff Skiles, and I did what airline pilots do: We followed our training, and our philosophy of life. We valued every life on that airplane and knew it was our responsibility to try to save each one, in spite of the sudden and complete failure of our aircraft. We never gave up. Having a plan enabled us to keep our hope alive. Perhaps in a similar fashion, people who are in their own personal crises—a pink slip, a foreclosure—can be reminded that no matter how dire the circumstance, or how little time you have to deal with it, further action is always possible. There's always a way out of even the tightest spot. You can survive.7 Even though we had a successful outcome, it's human nature to wonder about the what-ifs. The second-guessing was much more frequent, and intense, in the first few days at night, when I couldn't sleep. It was hard to shut my brain off and get back to sleep. Sometimes I didn't, I couldn't. It was part of the post-traumatic stress that we have all felt, that each of the crew members has reported to each other.8 It's funny—for the first two weeks after the accident, Jeff kept telling me, "I just want my old life back." But the other day he finally said for the first time, "You know, this is OK. I'm learning to like this. This is good."I think he's coming to terms with what's happened. He realizes that he's entitled to the attention. That he can still be true to himself. That accepting it isn't selling out.9 Besides the outpouring of support from the passengers, the most touching sentiments I have received have been from other pilots. They tell me that because of the years of economic difficulties faced by the airline industry and its employees and the decreased respect for the profession, they have not felt proud to go to work—some of them for decades. Now, they tell me, they do. And they thank me for that. They thank us, the crew, because we've reminded people what all of us do every day, what's really at stake. They feel like they've regained some of the respect they'd lost.10 What's next? I will return to flying for my airline—when I'm ready. I'm not sure when that will be. Probably a few months. I still haven't had many nights at home. My family and I are trying hard to remain true to ourselves and not let this change us, but there's a steep learning curve. The trajectory of our lives has changed forever. And we're determined to make good come out of this in every way that we can.我想要的只是与家人说话和几双干袜子一个月前,我安全地将1549号航班停在了哈得孙河。
【导语】本⽂《新视野⼤学英语第三册Unit6课⽂翻译》由写作翻译频道整理,仅供参考。
如果觉得很不错,欢迎点评和分享~感谢你的阅读与⽀持! 从理想上说,⼈们希望知道地震什么时候发⽣,破坏程度会如何。
在⽇本和中国,⼈们长期以来⼀直相信地震是可以预测的。
在⽇本,科学家在陆地上和海洋中铺设电线,以监测它们的运动。
⽽中国⼈的传统做法是观察动植物以获取地震的警⽰信号。
例如,中国⼈注意到,地震之前母鸡的⾏为会有所异常:它们夜晚不肯进笼。
他们还注意到,蛇会爬出地⽳⽽冻死,狗会狂吠不已,甚⾄那些平常很安静的狗也会叫个不停。
⽇本的阪神地震发⽣之前,有报告说⼤批鱼群游到了⽔⾯。
有些鸟,如鸽⼦,也显得特别聒噪,据说地震前它们飞⾏的⽅式也与往常不同。
也许最有趣、也最容易测量的,是地震前地下⽔发⽣的化学变化。
实验数据似乎表明,地震前地下⽔中氡的含量会增⾼。
⼈们还希望能够预防地震会造成的重⼤财产损失。
要知道,多数在地震中丧⽣的⼈都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的。
所以,具有抗震能⼒的房屋结构是关注的重点。
钢似乎是的建材,但⼀旦被焊接成僵硬的结构就不⾏了。
许多新式结构都采⽤了⼀种新型的钢接合⽅法,即I形接合,它看来是最耐⽤的⼀种接合。
这种钢接合在移动时不会断裂。
同样,为了预防财产损失,建筑师如今设计楼房时会使房屋的⽀柱和横梁⼒度相等,⽽垂直⽀柱则深深插⼊坚实的地基中。
此外,许多新型房屋都采⽤了较轻的屋顶和坚实的墙壁。
⾼架桥的⽔泥柱先前只是在内部有钢筋,如今外⾯也包上了钢板。
除了设法改善建筑结构外,地震频发区的⼈们也需要为可能发⽣的⼤地震做好防备⼯作。
他们应当定期检查和加固房屋,将重物放在低处,将橱柜和柜⼦贴墙放置,加固房门以防地震时意外脱开。
除做好房屋的防震外,这些地区的⼈们还需要为⾃⾝做些防备。
他们应该在家⾥和⼯作地储备些⽔和⾷物。
每⼈储备⼏加仑⽔。
储备⼀些可以净化⽔和消灭病菌的东西也很重要,这样就可以安全地饮⽤其他来源的⽔了。
新视野大学英语第三册Unit6课文翻译从理想上说,人们希望知道地震什么时候发生,破坏水准会如何。
在日本和中国,人们长期以来一直相信地震是能够预测的。
在日本,科学家在陆地上和海洋中铺设电线,以监测它们的运动。
而中国人的传统做法是观察动植物以获取地震的警示信号。
例如,中国人注意到,地震之前母鸡的行为会有所异常:它们夜晚不肯进笼。
他们还注意到,蛇会爬出地穴而冻死,狗会狂吠不已,甚至那些平常很安静的狗也会叫个不停。
日本的阪神地震发生之前,有报告说大批鱼群游到了水面。
有些鸟,如鸽子,也显得特别聒噪,据说地震前它们飞行的方式也与往常不同。
也许最有趣、也最容易测量的,是地震前地下水发生的化学变化。
实验数据似乎表明,地震前地下水中氡的含量会增高。
人们还希望能够预防地震会造成的重大财产损失。
要知道,多数在地震中丧生的人都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的。
所以,具有抗震水平的房屋结构是注重的重点。
钢似乎是的建材,但一旦被焊接成僵硬的结构就不行了。
很多新式结构都采用了一种新型的钢接合方法,即I形接合,它看来是最耐用的一种接合。
这种钢接合在移动时不会断裂。
同样,为了预防财产损失,建筑师如今设计楼房时会使房屋的支柱和横梁力度相等,而垂直支柱则深深插入坚实的地基中。
此外,很多新型房屋都采用了较轻的屋顶和坚实的墙壁。
高架桥的水泥柱先前仅仅在内部有钢筋,如今外面也包上了钢板。
除了设法改善建筑结构外,地震频发区的人们也需要为可能发生的大地震做好防备工作。
他们理应定期检查和加固房屋,将重物放在低处,将橱柜和柜子贴墙放置,加固房门以防地震时意外脱开。
除做好房屋的防震外,这些地区的人们还需要为自身做些防备。
他们应该在家里和工作地储备些水和食物。
每人储备几加仑水。
储备一些能够净化水和消灭病菌的东西也很重要,这样就能够安全地饮用其他来源的水了。
每人准备一周的食物。
地震救生储备还包括无线电接收器、手电、备用电池、急救用品、铁锹、帐篷、绳子和保暖衣物。
新视野大学英语3读写教程课文翻译目录Unit 1-Unit2 (1)Unit 3-Unit4 (3)Unit 5-Unit6 (7)Unit 7-Unit8 (12)Unit 9-Unit10 (15)Unit 1III1 beneath2 disguised3 whistles4 restrain5 grasp6 longing7 praying8 faithful 9 pledge 10 drainIV1 tell…on you2 track down3 work it out4 picking on me5 reckoned with6 call on7 on his own8 get through9 in disguise 10 revolves aroundVG O D I K L B F A NVI1 advise2 level3 problems4 necessity5 skills6 experience7 solution8 value 9 tool 10 mannerVII1 air-conditioned(装空调的;有冷气的)2 handmade(手工制作的)3 thunderstruck(非常吃惊的)4 heartfelt(衷心的;诚挚的)5 data-based(基于数据的)6 self-employed(自主经营的)7 custom-built(定制的;定做的)8 weather-beaten(饱经风霜的)VIII1.well-informed(对……非常熟悉的)2 new-found(新获得的)3 hard-earned (辛苦挣得的)4 soft-spoken(说话温柔的)5 newly-married(新婚的)6 widely-held (普遍认为的)7 well-meant(出于好意的)8 well-educated(受过良好教育的)IX1 no matter how different it may seem form any other substance2 no matter what a woman tries to do to improve her situation3 no matter what excuse he gives4 no matter what anyone else may think5 no matter how they rewrite historyX1 just as we gained fame in victory,we lost nothing in defeat2 just as the head teacher plays a significant role in the school,Jane plays a significant role f leader in the classroom.3 whoever was out there obviously couldn’t see him just as he couldn’t see them.4 she has been searching all her life for the perfect chocolate just as I have been searching for the perfect beer.5 you can make those kinds of comparisons just as you were doing the analyses a minute ago.XI1.No matter how experienced a speaker you are,and how well you have prepared your speech,you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.2.Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him,Jimmy cared about them.3.Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles.4.If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.5.Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.6.Here is something that needs to be reckoned with:how to get the necessary finances to establish the company.XII1.每当有人帮了你,无论事情大小,无论他地位高低,你都应该对他说声“谢谢”。
汉译英汉译英 Unit11、无论你是多么富有经验的演说家,、无论你是多么富有经验的演说家,无论你做了多么充分的准备,无论你做了多么充分的准备,无论你做了多么充分的准备,你都很难在这样嘈杂的招待会上发表演你都很难在这样嘈杂的招待会上发表演讲。
(no matter how)No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception. 2、就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关心吉米一样,吉米也关心他们。
(just as)Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them.3、汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码,以便帮助找回被盗的车辆。
(track down)Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles. 4、老师回来时你敢告我状的话,我就不再和你说话了。
(tell on)If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.5、有些老年人愿意独自过日子,但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。
(on one's own)Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children. 6、现在需要面对的事情是:如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。
TEXT AUnder the bombs: 19451945:在炮火攻击下1 Today, when I look back, I'm surprised that I recall the beginning so vividly; it's still clearly fixed in my mind with all its coloring and emotional intensity. It begins with my suddenly noticing 12 distant silver points in the clear brilliant sky filled with an unfamiliar abnormal hum. I'm seven years old, standing in a meadow, and staring at the points barely moving across the sky.如今,当我回首往事,我很惊讶我居然能如此生动地回忆起轰炸开始的情况,那天的色彩和紧张的情绪仍然清晰地印在我的脑海中。
那天,我突然发现在晴朗的天空中出现了12个银色的小点儿,离我很远,发出不正常的嗡嗡声,这种声音我以前从来没听过。
那年我七岁,就这样站在一片草地上,盯着天空中几乎不怎么移动的小点儿。
2 Suddenly, nearby, at the edge of the forest, there's the tremendous roar of bombs exploding. From my standpoint, I see gigantic fountains of earth spraying upward. I want to run toward this extraordinary spectacle; it terrorizes and fascinates me. I have not yet grown accustomed to war and can't relate into a single chain of causes and effects these airplanes, the roar of the bombs, the earth radiating out from the forest, and my seemingly inevitable death. Unable to conceive of the danger, I start running toward the forest, in the direction of the falling bombs. But a hand claws at me and tugs me to the ground. "Stay down," I hear my mother's trembling voice, "Don't move!" And I remember that my mother, pressing me to her, is saying something that I don't yet know exists, whose meaning I don't understand: That way is death.突然,就在附近,森林的边缘,我听到有巨大的炸弹爆炸的声音。
Unit 1 The Way to Success1 F2 G3 H4 J5 E6 A7 N8 I9 K l0 M如今,很多年轻人不再选择“稳定”的工作,他们更愿意自主创业,依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。
青年创业(young entrepreneurship)是未来国家经济活力的来源,创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活,从长远来看,对于国家更是一件好事,创业者正式让中国经济升级换代的力量。
尤其是在当前,国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新,在政策上给予中小企业支持,这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。
Nowadays, many young people no longer choose "stable" jobs. Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts. Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future. The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people's life, but it is also good for the country in the long term. Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China's economy. Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses. This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.Unit 2 beat your fear1 K2 D3 H4 J5 I6 O7 G8 A9 N 10 C实现中华民族伟大复兴(rejuvenation)是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想,我称之为“中国梦”,其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。
UNIT 1Passage听力原文:A strong bicycle culture had always been associated with China, but as the nation prospered, sales of bicycles dramatically declined while sales of cars doubled during the same period. As more cars shared the roads with bicycles, the number of accidents increased as well. To reduce these accidents, many city governments closed bicycle lanes.However, the rapid increase of cars on China's roads led to huge traffic delays, some of them lasting for an astonishing nine days over 60 miles. People were stuck in their cars and depended on local villagers to sell them water and noodles while they waited. With the sudden increase of cars, air quality also began to suffer. The local governments decided to make a change. They encouraged the citizens to take up bike riding once again and established bike-sharing programs.Some Chinese are having difficulty changing their attitude toward the bicycle. Many of them consider bicycle transportation socially unacceptable. If you want people to think you are successful, they say, you can't ride a bicycle; you must own and drive a luxury car. This is a problem facing a nation that's moved very quickly into wealth. In a rush to display wealth, many Chinese have left behind tradition as they embrace the modern world.There has been some change in attitude recently. In many parts of the world, bicycle riders have earned a special respect as unique individuals who won't be satisfied copying what everybody else does. Greater environmental concerns worldwide have also prompted more people everywhere to leave their cars and get on their bikes, and this trend has begun to spread into China as well.强烈的自行车文化一直与中国联系在一起,但随着国家的繁荣,自行车的销量急剧下降,而汽车的销量在同一时期翻了一番。
Door closer,are you? 关门者”,你是吗?1 The next time you're deciding between rival options, one which is primary and the other which is secondary, ask yourself this question: What would Xiang Yu do?1 下次你要在两个难于取舍的、主要的和次要的选择之间做决定时,不妨问自己这样一个问题:项羽会怎么做?2 Xiang Yu was a Chinese imperial general in the third century BC who took his troops across the Zhang River on a raid into enemy territory. To his troops' astonishment, he ordered their cooking pots crushed and their sailing ships burned.2 项羽是公元前三世纪中国古代王朝的一位将军。
他带领他的部队横渡漳河,突袭进入了敌方的领地。
他下令砸锅烧船,令他的部队大为震惊。
3 He explained that he was imposing on them a necessity for attaining victory over their opponents.What he said was surely motivating, but it wasn't really appreciated by many of his loyal soldiers as they watched their vessels go up in flames. But the genius of General Xiang Yu's conviction would be validated both on the battlefield and in modern social science research. General Xiang Yu was a rare exception to the norm, a veteran leader who was highly respected for his many conquests and who achieved the summit of success.3 他解释道,他强加给他们的是战胜对手的必要举措。
Unit 1Text A Never, ever give up!永不言弃!1 As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He wasnot a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide.英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士,小时候在哈罗公学上学。
当时他可不是个好学生,要不是出身名门,他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。
谢天谢地,他总算从哈罗毕业了,在那里犯下的错误并没影响到他上大学。
新视野大学英语(第三版)Unit6-单词讲解New wordsUnit 6 TEXT Anumerousa.many 许多的;很多的The library has numerous books, more than I have ever expected. 这个图书馆拥有大量的图书,比我预想的要多得多。
reliablea.able to be trusted or depended on 可信赖的;可靠的A reliable employee does his/her job with minimal error. 一个可靠的员工工作起来错误最少。
contrastvt.compare two things, ideas, people, etc. to show how different they are from each other 使成对比;使成对照In her essay, the author contrasts the present economic crisis with the one 10 years ago. 作者在文中就当前的经济危机和十年前的经济危机进行了对比。
vi.(of two things) be different from each other, often in a noticeable or interesting way 形成对比Her dark hair contrasted sharply with her pale silk gown. 她的黑头发和她的浅色丝绸礼服形成了强烈的对比。
n.[C, U] a difference between people, ideas, situations, things, etc. that are being compared 差异;差别The book presents a very interesting contrast between life now and life 100 years ago. 这本书把现在的生活和100 年之前的生活进行了十分有趣的对比。
新视野大学英语第三册课文翻译Unit1 AMy brother, Jimmy, did not get enough oxygen during a difficult delivery, leaving him with brain damage, and two years later I was born. Since then, my life revolved around my brother’s. Accompanying my growing up was always “go out and play and take your brother with you”. I couldn’t go anywhere without him, so I urged the neighborhood kids to come to my house for some out-of-control kid-centered fun我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产,因为缺氧导致大脑受损。
两年后,我出生了.从此以后,我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。
伴随我成长的,是“到外面去玩,把你哥哥也带上。
”不带上他,我是哪里也去不了的。
因此,我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来,尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。
My mother taught Jimmy practical things like how to brush his teeth or put on belt. My father, a saint, simply held the house together with his patience and understanding.I was in charge outside where I administered justice by tracking down the parents of the kids who picked on my brother, and telling on them.我母亲教吉米学习日常自理,比如刷牙或系皮带什么的.我父亲宅心仁厚,他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。
TEXT AUnder the bombs: 19451945:在炮火攻击下1 Today, when I look back, I'm surprised that I recall the beginning so vividly; it's still clearly fixed in my mind with all its coloring and emotional intensity. It begins with my suddenly noticing 12 distant silver points in the clear brilliant sky filled with an unfamiliar abnormal hum. I'm seven years old, standing in a meadow, and staring at the points barely moving across the sky.如今,当我回首往事,我很惊讶我居然能如此生动地回忆起轰炸开始的情况,那天的色彩和紧张的情绪仍然清晰地印在我的脑海中。
那天,我突然发现在晴朗的天空中出现了12个银色的小点儿,离我很远,发出不正常的嗡嗡声,这种声音我以前从来没听过。
那年我七岁,就这样站在一片草地上,盯着天空中几乎不怎么移动的小点儿。
2 Suddenly, nearby, at the edge of the forest, there's the tremendous roar of bombs exploding. From my standpoint, I see gigantic fountains of earth spraying upward. I want to run toward this extraordinary spectacle; it terrorizes and fascinates me. I have not yet grown accustomed to war and can't relate into a single chain of causes and effects these airplanes, the roar of the bombs, the earth radiating out from the forest, and my seemingly inevitable death. Unable to conceive of the danger, I start running toward the forest, in the direction of the falling bombs. But a hand claws at me and tugs me to the ground. "Stay down," I hear my mother's trembling voice, "Don't move!" And I remember that my mother, pressing me to her, is saying something that I don't yet know exists, whose meaning I don't understand: That way is death.突然,就在附近,森林的边缘,我听到有巨大的炸弹爆炸的声音。
从理想上说,人们希望知道地震什么时候发生,破坏程度会如何。
在日本和中国,人们长期以来一直相信地震是可以预测的。
在日本,科学家在陆地上和海洋中铺设电线,以监测它们的运动。
而中国人的传统做法是观察动植物以获取地震的警示信号。
例如,中国人注意到,地震之前母鸡的行为会有所异常:它们夜晚不肯进笼。
他们还注意到,蛇会爬出地穴而冻死,狗会狂吠不已,甚至那些平常很安静的狗也会叫个不停。
日本的阪神地震发生之前,有报告说大批鱼群游到了水面。
有些鸟,如鸽子,也显得特别聒噪,据说地震前它们飞行的方式也与往常不同。
也许最有趣、也最容易测量的,是地震前地下水发生的化学变化。
实验数据似乎表明,地震前地下水中氡的含量会增高。
人们还希望能够预防地震会造成的重大财产损失。
要知道,多数在地震中丧生的人都是被倒塌的建筑物砸死的。
所以,具有抗震能力的房屋结构是关注的重点。
钢似乎是最佳的建材,但一旦被焊接成僵硬的结构就不行了。
许多新式结构都采用了一种新型的钢接合方法,即I形接合,它看来是最耐用的一种接合。
这种钢接合在移动时不会断裂。
同样,为了预防财产损失,建筑师如今设计楼房时会使房屋的支柱和横梁力度相等,而垂直支柱则深深插入坚实的地基中。
此外,许多新型房屋都采用了较轻的屋顶和坚实的墙壁。
高架桥的水泥柱先前只是在内部有钢筋,如今外面也包上了钢板。
除了设法改善建筑结构外,地震频发区的人们也需要为可能发生的大地震做好防备工作。
他们应当定期检查和加固房屋,将重物放在低处,将橱柜和柜子贴墙放置,加固房门以防地震时意外脱开。
除做好房屋的防震外,这些地区的人们还需要为自身做些防备。
他们应该在家里和工作地储备些水和食物。
最好每人储备几加仑水。
储备一些可以净化水和消灭病菌的东西也很重要,这样就可以安全地饮用其他来源的水了。
每人准备一周的食物。
地震救生储备还包括无线电接收器、手电、备用电池、急救用品、铁锹、帐篷、绳子和保暖衣物。
此外,专家们还提出了以下建议:
手边备有灭火器。
应该在住处、工作场所和汽车里(如果你有车的话)都存放一个。
灭火器应该是可以扑灭任何火灾的那种。
有必要的话,准备一些能关闭煤气和自来水管道的特制工具。
准备一个备用的户外烹调和取暖用具,可以准备一个便携式露营灶和几小罐煤气。
在住处、工作场所和汽车里放一双厚重、舒适的鞋或靴子。
发生地震时会有大量的玻璃碎片。
轻便的鞋子不能像厚重的鞋子那样保护好你的双脚。
每个家庭都需要制定地震应急计划。
如何让一家人在地震的混乱中安全离开?
大家应该商定一个地震区外的会合点──可能是在几英里外的某个市镇。
同样,协商好地震时家人的联络方式也很重要。
地震若发生在大城市,市里的许多电话线路很可能中断,
剩下的为数不多的可用线路会很忙,因为灾难之后自然会有许多电话,要从市里的一个地方打到另一个地方会很困难。
但可能通向市外的电话是通的。
明智的安排是,让所有的家人都给一个住在一百多英里之外的朋友或亲戚打个电话,以报平安。
尽管科学家们仍无法预测地震,但对地壳中的大板块如何移动,板块间的压力如何,地震如何发生,某地区发生地震的一般概率为多少,他们了解得越来越多。
在不久的将来,精确预测地震将成为可能。
然而,即使可以预测,居住在地震频发区的人们还是应尽力预防灾难,办法是建造能够抵抗地表运动的房屋,同时做好个人准备。
在挽救生命和防止家庭损失方面,这些预防措施会发挥很大的作用。
教育人们如何在地震中求生,应该是所有政府规划和地震研究项目的重点所在。