广东外语外贸大学考博英语题型分析

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题This issue has become a political hot（）.问题1选项A.potatoB.cakeC.rodD.bun【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项potato“土豆，马铃薯”；B选项cake“蛋糕，块状物；利益总额”；C 选项rod“棒，惩罚，枝条，权力”；D选项bun“小圆面包”。

hot potato为俗语，意思是烫手的山芋，即棘手的事件。

句意：这一事件升级为一个棘手的政治事件。

因此A选项正确。

2.单选题America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it（）before the West was settled.问题1选项A.couldB.wasC.wouldD.did【答案】D【解析】考查助动词替代。

题干中的as作为连词，引导方式状语从句，意为“像……一样”。

根据平行结构原则，从句中应填入实义动词had，但主句中已有了一个have，为了避免重复，可用助动词did代替had，例如：Study as Lenin did (did用来代替studied)．像列宁那样学习。

因此D选项正确。

3.单选题Critics called the proposal a（）game that is not easily recognizable.问题1选项A.boardB.ballC.homeD.shell【答案】C【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项board“木板，甲板，膳食，董事长”；B选项ball“球，舞会”；C选项home“家，住宅，产地，家乡，避难所”；D选项shell“壳，贝壳，炮弹，外形”。

shell game为固定搭配，意为“骗局”。

句意：批评人士称该提议是一场难以辨认的骗局。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题George is only a stalking（）, his mother is the real boss问题1选项A.horseB.catC.duckD.tiger【答案】A【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项horse“马，骑兵，脚架”；B选项cat“猫，猫科动物”；C选项duck“鸭子，鸭肉”；D选项tiger“老虎，凶暴的人”。

stalking horse“用以掩人耳目的人(或物)，用以掩蔽的事物，(为试探对手支持率而推出的)掩护性候选人”。

句意：乔治只是个幌子，他妈妈才是真正的老板。

因此A选项正确。

2.单选题He promised to return the book the next day without（）.问题1选项A.failB.defaultC.troubleD.failure【答案】A【解析】考查固定搭配。

A选项fail“失败，不及格；破产；缺乏；衰退”；B选项default “（n.）违约，拖欠；缺席；（v.）不履行，拖欠，违约；默认，预设；因未到场而取消……参赛资格”；C选项trouble“（n.）麻烦；烦恼；故障；动乱；（v.）麻烦；使烦恼；折磨；费心；烦恼”；D选项failure“失败；故障；失败者；破产”。

根据固定搭配without fail“务必；必定，无疑”可知该题选fail。

句意：他答应第二天一定把书还给我。

因此A选项正确。

3.单选题Several guests were waiting in the（）for the front door to open.问题1选项A.porchB.ventC.inletD.entry【答案】D【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项porch“（沿外墙建筑、常带顶的）门廊，走廊”；B选项vent“（气体、液体的）进出口，通风口，排放口”；C选项inlet“（河道、水湾）入口，进口”；D选项entry“进入，入口”。

广东外语外贸大学英语专业的考题分析及经验分享广东外语外贸大学英语专业的考题分析及经验分享1.日语第一题还是和往年一样单词假名，考了秋叶原，节分，社交之类的，有点记不住了，反正多看书，多背单词是没错的，考得也不超纲。

日语的每个字都有音读和训读，字和字拼起来的时候有些变促音，有些浊化，大家搞清楚这些规律，背单词的时候会轻松很多。

第二题片假名，同样的上下两册多记多看没问题。

第三，四，五题都是语法题，副词，形容词，名词，助词，隔助词，上下册的语法，敬语要多留意。

推荐蓝宝书N5到N3的都看一下，会让你对书上的语法了解的更清晰，特别是多注意几个易混语法的辨析，如なら，たら，，と等等，几乎每年都要考。

如果语法不太好的同学可以考虑《英语专业考研二外（日语）对策：语法》周维强的版本，里面搜集得有各个学校往年的真题可以多做做，熟悉语法。

阅读：今年很以外还有一篇阅读比较难，反正比我当年考N2的时候的阅读难，感觉广外这几年比较倾向于考长阅读了，一篇阅读5个选项。

10年以前的阅读很多都摘自于往年的N2考试阅读，而且是比较简单的短阅读，反正大家多练N2的阅读肯定是没问题的就对了。

翻译：这个不用说了，日译汉N3语法为主，汉译日初级上下两册的语法就对了，多注意句子里提醒的时态。

1.我在自己的房间里，就能听到隔壁小孩练钢琴的声音。

2.因为要去旅游，提前买好了地图和相机3.由于今年夏天不太热，空调的销路不好4.这个建筑非常有中国的感觉（很典型的中国建筑？）有点记不清了5.忘了（可参考贴吧里的其他帖子，印象中有人回忆得比较全面）反正今年都不是书上的，大家多注意语法和单词就没问题网上可能大家能找到一份10年到98年日语真题的答案，我自己也做了，确定了几乎每年都有几个错答案，后面会把自己修改过的答案附上。

2.基英：（大家都懂的单词量决定英语专业的前途）题型都还是一样的完形填空，短文改错，gapfilling，六篇阅读完型和短文改错就没什么说的了，短文改错是星火专八60篇的水平，大家如果胡要练习的话还推荐冲击波会更难。

广东外语外贸大学出国英语培训入学考试真题全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hello everyone! Today I want to share with you my experience of taking the entrance exam for the English training program at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies.When I first heard about the exam, I was really nervous because I didn't know what to expect. But after studying hard and preparing myself, I felt more confident. The exam was divided into four parts: listening, reading, writing, and speaking.The listening part was a bit challenging for me because the speakers spoke really fast. But I tried my best to focus and understand the questions. The reading part was easier for me because I love reading English books and articles. I was able to answer most of the questions correctly.The writing part was a bit tricky because I needed to write an essay about my favorite holiday. I wrote about my trip to Disneyland and why it was the best holiday ever. I tried to use different vocabulary words and sentence structures to make my essay more interesting.Finally, the speaking part was the most fun! I had to talk about my daily routine and answer some questions from the examiners. I practiced speaking English with my friends and family, so I felt more confident during this part of the exam.Overall, I had a great time taking the entrance exam for the English training program at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. I hope I did well and can't wait to start my English training soon!篇2Title: My Experience in the Entrance Exam for Studying Abroad English Training at Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesHey everyone! I want to share with you my experience in the entrance exam for studying abroad English training at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. It was such a fun and exciting day!The exam was divided into four parts: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. In the listening part, we had to listen to different recordings and answer questions about them. Some of the recordings were really fast, but I tried my best to pay attention and write down the answers.The reading part was a bit challenging too. We had to read passages and answer questions based on them. Some of the passages were quite long, but I tried to scan them quickly and find the answers.The writing part was my favorite because I love writing stories. We had to write a short essay about our favorite hobby and why we like it. I wrote about how much I love playing soccer with my friends and how it helps me relax and have fun.Finally, the speaking part was nerve-wracking but exciting. We had to talk about a topic given by the examiner for two minutes. I talked about my dream of traveling around the world and how I want to learn English to communicate with people from different countries.Overall, the exam was a bit challenging but so much fun! I can't wait to find out the results and hopefully get accepted into the program. Wish me luck!篇3Hello everyone! Today, I'm going to tell you all about the entrance exam for the English training program at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. It's like a big test to see if you're ready to study English and go abroad. Let's dive in!First, you have to know some basic English words and grammar. They'll ask you questions like "What's your name?" or "How old are you?" Don't worry, it's not too hard. Just study a bit and you'll be fine!Next, there will be a listening test. You'll hear people talking in English and you have to understand what they're saying. It's important to listen carefully and try your best to answer the questions.Then, there's a reading test. You'll read some passages in English and answer questions about them. Remember to take your time and read carefully. Don't rush through it!After that, there's a writing test. You'll have to write a short essay in English. Just think of it as telling a story or describing something you like. Remember to use proper grammar and punctuation.Finally, there's a speaking test. You'll talk to a teacher in English and answer their questions. Don't be shy, just do your best and try to speak clearly.So, that's the entrance exam for the English training program at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. Remember to study hard and good luck on the test! You can do it!篇4Hi everyone! Today I want to share with you a really cool thing – the entrance exam for the English training program at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. It's like a super fun challenge that could help us get better at speaking English and maybe even go abroad someday!So, in this exam, we have to show our English skills in listening, speaking, reading, and writing. For the listening part, we have to listen to conversations and answer questions about them. It's kind of like a game where we have to pay attention and think fast!Next up is the speaking part, where we have to talk about a topic for a few minutes. We can choose a topic we like and just talk about it. Maybe I'll talk about my favorite food or my favorite superhero!Then there's the reading part, where we have to read some passages and answer questions about them. It's like a puzzle that we have to solve with our reading skills. And finally, there's the writing part, where we have to write an essay about a topic. I'll make sure to use lots of big words and cool phrases to impress the examiners!I'm super excited about this exam because I really want to improve my English and maybe even study abroad one day. So, wish me luck and let's rock this exam together! Go English! Go GDUFS!篇5Hi everyone! Today I want to share with you the entrance exam questions for the study abroad English training at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies and Foreign Trade. Are you ready? Let's get started!Question 1:Why do you want to study abroad and improve your English skills? Please provide at least two reasons.Question 2:Please write a short paragraph (around 100-150 words) about your dream study abroad destination and why you want to go there.Question 3:Imagine you are traveling in a foreign country and you need to ask for directions to a popular tourist attraction. How would you communicate with the locals in English to find your way?Question 4:What are some of the benefits of studying abroad, besides improving your language skills? Please provide at least three examples.Question 5:If you could choose any job in the world that requires English language skills, what would it be and why? Please explain your choice in detail.Remember to answer each question thoroughly and express your thoughts clearly. Good luck on your exam! Let's all work hard to achieve our dreams of studying abroad and becoming fluent in English! Go, go, go!篇6Title: Let's have fun with the GDUFS Study Abroad English Training Entrance Exam!Hey guys, are you ready to have some fun and show off your English skills for the GDUFS Study Abroad English Training Entrance Exam? Let's dive into the exciting world of English together!First, let's warm up with some simple questions to get our brains going. Can you tell me the English names of some common animals like dog, cat, and bird? How about the colors red, blue, and yellow? Don't worry, these are just the basics!Now, let's move on to some more challenging questions. Can you put these words in the correct order to make a sentence: I, like, apples, do, you? How about figuring out the correct verb tense to complete this sentence: Yesterday, Tom (play) ______ basketball with his friends.Next, let's test your listening skills with a short audio clip. Listen carefully and answer the questions that follow. Don't worry if you don't get it right the first time, practice makes perfect!Finally, it's time for the reading comprehension section. Read the passage carefully and answer the questions to show off your reading skills. Remember, take your time and don't rush through it.Phew, that was a lot of brain work! But don't worry, just do your best and have fun with the GDUFS Study Abroad English Training Entrance Exam. Good luck, my fellow English learners! Let's show them what we've got!篇7Title: My Experience Taking the Entrance Exam for English Language Training at Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesHey everyone! So I want to tell you about my experience taking the entrance exam for the English language training program at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. It was super exciting and a bit nerve-wracking, but I had a lot of fun too!The exam had a few different parts. First, we had to do a listening test where they played some recordings and we had to answer questions about them. It was kind of tricky because they spoke really fast, but I tried my best to listen carefully and write down the answers.Next, we had a reading comprehension section where we had to read some passages and answer questions about them. Some of the passages were really interesting, like one about a trip to a foreign country and another about a famous historical figure. I had to read carefully to make sure I understood everything.After that, we had a writing test where we had to write a short essay in English. I wrote about my favorite hobby, which isplaying soccer. I had to make sure to use good grammar and spelling, so I tried to be really careful with my writing.Finally, we had a speaking test where we had to talk about a given topic for a few minutes. I got a topic about my family, so I talked about my parents and siblings and what we like to do together. It was a bit nerve-wracking speaking in English, but I tried to be confident and speak clearly.Overall, the exam was a bit challenging, but I had a lot of fun showing off my English skills. I hope I did well and can get into the English language training program at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. Wish me luck! Bye!篇8Title: My Experience in the Entrance Exam for Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesHey everyone! I want to tell you about my experience in the entrance exam for Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. It was super cool and a little bit nerve-wracking, but I had a lot of fun in the end.First, we had to do a listening test. The teacher played a recording and we had to write down what we heard. It was a littletricky because the recording was fast, but I did my best to catch everything. Then, we had a reading test where we had to answer questions about a passage in English. Some of the words were hard, but I tried to guess the answers based on the context.Next, we had a speaking test. We had to talk about our hobbies and favorite foods in English. I was a little shy at first, but the teacher was really nice and helped me feel more comfortable. Finally, we had a writing test where we had to write a short essay about our dreams and goals. I wrote about how I want to travel the world and learn about different cultures.Overall, the exam was a challenge, but I had a lot of fun and learned a lot. I can't wait to see if I get accepted into the program. Wish me luck!篇9Title: My Experience Taking the Entrance Exam for English Training at Guangdong University of Foreign StudiesHey guys, do you want to hear about my experience taking the entrance exam for English training at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies? It was super exciting and a little bitnerve-wracking, but I had a lot of fun!First, let me tell you about the exam. It had three parts: listening, reading, and writing. In the listening part, they played all kinds of recordings like conversations, news reports, and speeches. It was a bit tricky because they spoke really fast, but I did my best to answer the questions.Next was the reading part. They gave us a few passages to read and then asked us questions about them. Some of the passages were really interesting, like one about the history of the English language. I learned a lot just from reading them!Finally, there was the writing part. We had to write an essay on a given topic. I wrote about my dream of studying abroad and how learning English would help me achieve it. I made sure to use all the vocabulary and grammar I had learned in my English classes.After the exam was over, I felt relieved but also proud of myself for trying my best. I hope I did well and will get accepted into the English training program at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. Wish me luck!Overall, taking the entrance exam was a great experience. It really tested my English skills and showed me how much I have learned so far. I can't wait to continue improving and become even better at English!篇10Once upon a time, I went to Guangdong University of Foreign Studies to take the entrance exam for studying abroad English training. It was super duper exciting, but also kind of nerve-wracking, ya know?The exam had a bunch of questions, like reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar, listening, and speaking. It was like a big adventure through the land of English. I had to use all my brain power to answer the questions and show off my English skills.In the reading part, I had to read some stories and answer questions about them. It was like going on a reading journey and exploring different worlds. I had to really focus and understand the meaning of the stories. It was like solving a puzzle, but with words instead of pieces.For vocabulary and grammar, I had to match words with their meanings and choose the correct grammar rules. It was like playing a game of memory, but with English words. I had to remember all the words I learned and use them in the right way. It was a real brain workout, let me tell ya!Then, there was the listening part, where I had to listen to conversations and answer questions about them. It was like listening to a secret code and trying to figure it out. I had to really pay attention and tune my ears to understand what was being said. It was a challenge, but I think I did pretty good.Last but not least, there was the speaking part, where I had to talk about a given topic for a few minutes. It was like telling a story to a friend and sharing my thoughts. I had to be confident and speak clearly to show my English skills. It was a little scary, but I gave it my best shot.Overall, the exam was a fun and challenging experience. I learned a lot and had a great time exploring the world of English.I hope I did well and can continue my English adventure at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies. Wish me luck!。

广东外语外贸大学初试题型分析(针对高翻学院和英文)初试题型分析（政治除外，以09年为准）初试除政治外，还有英语水平考试、写作与翻译考试和二外。

一、英语水平考试包括四个题型，选词填空（30分）、改错（30分）、近义词辨析填空（30分）、阅读理解（60分）。

其中，选词填空比较简单，可结合《新编英语教程》中的习题，应尽量得满分；改错难度与专八改错相当，建议使用冲击波改错辅导书；近义词辨析填空可结合《新编英语教程》中的习题，并极力推荐李长庚编《英语常用同义词近义词辨析词典》（东华大学出版社），掌握此书不仅对做选词填空题有益，而且对翻译和写作也很有裨益；阅读理解部分，06年以前（尤其是06年）这部分不难，07、08年未知，09年的题目难度较大，高于专八难度，内容涉及国际政治经济时事（如金融危机、美国大选）、文学评论、科技发展，最后一篇为描写性记叙文，难度也较大，是否阅读理解题的难度在逐渐加大？未知。

二、写作与翻译考试也包括三种题型四个考题，概要（40分）、写作（60分）、英译汉（25分）、汉译英（25分）。

其中，09年概要写作部分给定的材料是语言学方面的，易于理解，却难于概括，一般的写作教程（如丁往道的《英语写作手册》）中都会涉及summary的写作，但都谈得比较浅显，如果无法找到这方面的专著，建议使用丁往道的《英语写作手册》，平时进行适量的（不少于十篇）针对性练习，同学之间可以相互批阅、讨论，共同进步。

写作部分一般需自拟题目，字数400至600不等，为典型的四段或五段式作文，建议精读《GRE写作模板100篇》，并进行模仿练习，也可结合专八作文辅导进行练习。

尤其须注意一点，广外似乎偏好翻旧账，把往年已考的作文题再拿出来考，或原封不动，或细微改动，如04年与06年的作文题目相同，03年与09年的相同。

翻译部分，英译汉字数150-200，如03年150词，04年174词，09年200词左右，一般为文学翻译，或为文学评论，难度不大；汉译英字数150至400不等，如03年为150字，04年为290字，09年411字（清明上河图解），语体可能是章回体（03年，摘自《儒林外史》）、白话、现代白话等，难度较大。

贸大考博辅导班：2019对外经济贸易大学外国语言学及应用语言学考博难度解析及经验分享下面是启道考博整理的关于对外经济贸易大学外国语言学及应用语言学考博相关内容。

一、专业介绍外国语言学及应用语言学学科，现有应用语言学、翻译理论与实践两个研究方向。

本学科培养从事英语口、英语翻译及英语教学研究和实践的高级专业人才。

外国语言学及应用语言学是外国语言文学一级学科下设的一个二级学科。

本学科以形式语言学的基本假设为理论指导，以音系学、句法学、形式语义学和语言习得为主要教学和研究内容，同时从事应用语言学具体领域的教学与研究。

本专业是国内唯一能够覆盖形式语言学四大基础理论领域(音系学、句法学、形式语义学和语言习得)的外国语言学及应用语言学专业。

对外经济贸易大学英语学院的外国语言学及应用语言学专业在博士招生方面，分为3个研究方向050211外国语言学及应用语言学研究方向：01语用学02认知语言学03应用语言学04跨文化交际研究考试科目：第一阶段考试（初试）①1101 英语②2204二阶段专业课综合③3301 二阶段专业综合考核（复试中进行）二、考试内容对外经济贸易大学外国语言学及应用语言学专业博士研究生招生考试分为两个阶段。

其中，综合考核内容为:（一）第一阶段考试（初试）1.第一阶段考试拟定时间：2019年3月16日。

（以准考证时间为准）2.第一阶段考试科目：经管类、政治学类专业：①公共英语+②专业基础课；其他专业(法学院、英语学院、外语学院各专业)：①公共英语。

具体可查看《博士入学考试第一阶段初试科目大纲及题型结构》。

“2202经济数学综合”科目适用于国际经济贸易学院和统计学院，为可选项，考生可在“2201经济学基础”和“2202经济数学综合”中二选一，其他经济类专业基础课只考“2201经济学基础”。

3.考试地点：对外经济贸易大学校内。

（二）第二阶段考试1.第二阶段考试资格确定办法我校将根据第一阶段的考试成绩，划定进入第二阶段考核的资格线，只有达到资格线的考生方可进入第二阶段考核，请考生考后及时关注我校研究生院主页相关通知。

广东外语外贸大学出国英语培训入学考试真题English:The entrance exam for the study abroad English training at Guangdong University of Foreign Studies and Foreign Trade usually includes various sections such as reading comprehension, grammar, listening comprehension, writing, and speaking. The reading comprehension section typically includes passages of varying lengths with accompanying questions to test the students' ability to understand and analyze written English. The grammar section assesses the students' understanding of English grammar rules through multiple-choice questions or fill-in-the-blank exercises. The listening comprehension section involves playing audio clips or videos followed by questions to evaluate the students' ability to comprehend spoken English. The writing section usually requires the students to write essays or short responses on given topics to demonstrate their writing skills. Lastly, the speaking section assesses the students' ability to communicate effectively in English through individual presentations or group discussions. Overall, the entrance exam aims to evaluate the students' English proficiency in various aspects and determine their readiness for studying abroad.中文翻译:广东外语外贸大学出国英语培训入学考试通常包括阅读理解、语法、听力理解、写作和口语等不同部分。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-外交学院考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题After the Democratic shellacking in the midterm election, everyone wondered how President Obama would respond.问题1选项A.fanfareB.fiascoC.facadeD.fantasy【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。

A选项fanfare“（仪式上庆祝或欢迎重要人物到场时）号角齐鸣，嘹亮短曲；大张旗鼓宣扬，热议”；B选项fiasco“惨败；大惨败；泥鸽靶”；C选项facade“正面；表面；外观”；D选项fantasy“幻想；白日梦；幻觉”。

句意：民主党在中期选举中落败后，每个人都想知道奥巴马总统会作何反应。

shellacking“殴打；彻底击败”，B选项与该词意思最相近，因此B选项正确。

2.单选题I don’t believe you are going to have the ma tter looked into today,（）?问题1选项A.are youB.do youC.aren’t youD.don’t you【答案】A【解析】考查反义疑问句用法。

题干属于陈述部分为主从复合句的反义疑问句。

一般有两种情况：当陈述部分为主从复合句“主语+从句”时，疑问部分一般应与主句保持一致，如He knows that where I live, doesn’t he？；当陈述部分为I think（believe, suppose）that...等时，疑问部分通常与从句保持一致，如I don’t think he will come, will he? 题干陈述部分为I don’t believe (that)...从句部分为you are going to have...，因此A选项正确。

考博英语面试的问题(总8页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--考博英语面试的问题这是一篇由网络搜集整理的关于考博英语面试的问题的文档，希望对你能有帮助。

考博英语面试的问题篇一1. "What can you tell me about yourself"This is not an invitation to give your life history. The interviewer is looking for clues about your character, qualifications, ambitions, and motivations. The following is a good example of a positive response. "In high school I was involved in competitive sports and I always tried to improve in each sport I participated in. As a college student, I worked in a clothing store part-time and found that I could sell things easily. The sale was important, but for me, it was even more important to make sure that the customer was satisfied. It was not long before customers came back to the store and specifically asked for me to help them. I''m very competitive and it means a lot to me to be the best."1．"关于你自己，你能告诉我些什么"这一问题并非在请你大谈你的个人历史。

2010年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题解析各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。

第1卷：基础英语Part 1: Grammar and V ocabulary. （30 POINTS）01. Although she gives badly ____ titles to her musical compositions, they ____ unusual combinations of materials including classical music patterns and rhythms, electronic sounds, and bird songs.A. conventional/incorporateB. eccentric/deployC. traditional/excludeD. imaginative/disguise02. Even though the folktales Perroult collected and retold were not solely French in origin, his versions of them were so decidedly French in style that later anthologies of French folktales have never ____ them.A. excludedB. admiredC. collectedD. comprehended03. In arguing against assertions that environmental catastrophe is imminent, her book does not ridicule all predictions of doom but rather claims that the risks of harm have in many cases been ____.A. exaggeratedB. ignoredC. scrutinizedD. derided04. There seems to be no ____ the reading public’s thirst for books about the 1960’s: indeed, the normal level of interest has ____ recently because of a spate of popular television documentaries.A. quenching/moderatedB. whetting/mushroomedC. slaking/increasedD. ignoring/transformed05. Despite a tendency to be overtly ____, the poetry of the Middle Ages often sparks the imagination and provides lively entertainment, as well as pious sentiments.A. divertingB. emotionalC. didacticD. romantic06. One of the first ____ of reduced burning in Amazon rain forests was the chestnut industry: smoke tends to drive out the insect that, by pollinating chestnut tree, allow chestnuts to develop.A. reformersB. discoveriesC. casualtiesD. beneficiaries07. The research committee urged the archaeologist to ____ her claim that the tomb she has discovered was that of Alexander the Great, since her initial report has been based only on ____.A. disseminate/suppositionB. withdraw/evidenceC. undercut/capriceD. document/conjecture08. Although Heron is well known for the broad comedy in the movies she has directed previously, her new film is less inclined to ____: the gags are fewer and subtler.A. understatementB. preciosityC. symbolismD. melodrama09. Bebop’s legacy is ____ one: bebop may have won jazz the right to be taken seriously as an art form, but it ____ jazz’s mass audience, which turned to other forms of music such as rock and pop.A. a mixed/alienatedB. a troubled/seducedC. an ambiguous/aggrandizedD. a valuable/refined10. The exhibition’s importance lies in its ____: curators have gathered a diverse array of significant works from many different museums.A. homogeneityB. sophistryC. scopeD. farsightedness11. Despite the fact that the commission’s report treats a vitally important topic, the report will be ____ read because its prose is so ____ that understanding it requires an enormous effort.A. seldom/transparentB. carefully/pellucidC. little/turgidD. eagerly/digressive12. Carleton would still rank among the great ____ of nineteenth century American art even if the circumstance of her life and career were less ____ than they are.A. celebrities/obscureB. failures/illustriousC. charlatans/impeccableD. enigmas/mysterious13. Although based on an actual event, the film lacks ____: the director shuffles events, simplifies the tangle of relationships, and ____ documentary truth for dramatic power.A. conviction/embracesB. expressiveness/exaggeratesC. verisimilitude/sacrificesD. realism/substitutes14. When Adolph Ochs became the publisher of The New York Times, he endowed the paper with a uniquely ____ tone, avoiding the ____ editorials that characterized other major papers of the time.A. abstruse/scholarlyB. dispassionate/shrillC. argumentative/tendentiousD. cosmopolitan/timely15. There are as good fish in the sea ____ ever came out of it.A. thanB. likeC. asD. so16. All the President’s Men ____ one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.A. remainB. remainsC. remainedD. is remaining17. “You ____ borrow my notes provided you take care of them”, I told my friend.A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can18. If only the patient ____ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.A. had receivedB. receivedC. should receiveD. were receiving19. Linda was ____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.A. to startB. to have startedC. to be startingD. to have been starting20. She ____ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A. must beB. had beenC. could beD. must have been21. It is not ____ much the language as the background that makes the book difficultto understand.A. thatB. asC. soD. very22. The committee has anticipated the problems that ____ in the road construction project.A. ariseB. will ariseC. aroseD. have arisen23. The student said there were a few Points in the essay he ____ impossible to comprehend.A. had foundB. findsC. has foundD. would find24. He would have finished his college education, but he ____ to quit and find a job to support his family.A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have25. The research requires more money than ____.A. have been put inB. has been put inC. being put inD. to be put in26. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably ____ a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.A. no moreB. not moreC. even moreD. much more27. It is not uncommon for there ____ problems of communication between the old and the young.A. beingB. would beC. beD. to be28. ____ at in his way, the situation does not seem so desperate.A. LookingB. LookedC. Being lookedD. To look29. It is absolutely essential that William ____ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.A. will continueB. continuedC. continueD. continues30. The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a ____ forgery.A. man-madeB. naturalC. crudeD. realPart 2: Reading Comprehension. （40 POINTS）Passage AOn New Year’s Day, 50,000 inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch. This was not some mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions. It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture: the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3.5 million Kenyans who, because of a severe drought, are threatened with starvation. The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn. If you are reading this in the west,however, you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories. Even if you do know about the drought, you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately: the pastoralists. There are 20 million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent. Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so? It comes down to the reluctance of governments, aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders’traditional way of life. Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists, even though it has been demonstrated time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments, and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands. Furthermore, African pastoralist systems are often more productive, in terms of protein and cash per hectare, than Australian, American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions. They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies. In Kenya, for example, the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth $800 million per year. In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia, hides from pastoralists’herds make up over 10 percent of export earnings. Despite this productivity, pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits. One reason is that only a trickle of the profits goes to the herders themselves; the lion’s share is pocketed by traders. This is partly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famine, when they need the cash to buy food, andthe terms of trade in this situation never work in their favour. Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and USAID tried to address some of the problems in the 1960s, investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production. It didn’t work. Firstly, no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted. Secondly, rearing livestock took precedence over human progress. The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors. They were based on two false assumptions: that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient, which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models; and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching. They cannot. Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle. Over the past few years, funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message. One example is intervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought, so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remaining livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive (the problem in African famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it). Another example is a drought early-warning system run by the Kenyan government and the World Bank that has helped avert livestock deaths.This is all promising, but more needs to be done. Some African governments stillfavour forcing pastoralists to settle. They should heed the latest scientific research demonstrating the productivity of traditional cattle-herding. Ultimately, sustainable rural development in pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade, so one thing going for them is the growing demand for livestock products: there will likely be an additional 2 billion consumers worldwide by 2020, the vast majority in developing countries. To ensure that pastoralists benefit, it will be crucial to give them a greater say in local policies. Other key tasks include giving a greater say to women, who play critical roles in livestock production. The rich world should pay proper attention to the plight of the pastoralists. Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainable and will lead to more resentment, conflict, environmental degradation and malnutrition. It is in the rich world’s interests to help out.01. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage? ____A. Forcing Africa’s nomadic herders to become ranchers will save them from drought.B. The difference between pastoralist and agriculturalist is vital to the African people.C. The rich world should give more support to the African people to overcome drought.D. Environmental degradation should be the major concern in developing Africa’s pastoralism.02. The word “encapsulates”in the sentence “Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.”(para.l) can be replaced by ____.A. concludes.B. involves.C. represents.D. aggravates.03. What is the author’s attitude toward African drought and traditional lifestyle of pastoralism? ___A. Neutral and indifferent.B. Sympathetic and understanding.C. Critical and vehement.D. Subjective and fatalistic.04. When the author writes “the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.”(para.4), he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not ____.A. have an objective view of the situation in AfricaB. understand the unpredictable weather systems thereC. feel themselves superior in decision makingD. care about the development of the local people05. The author’s main purpose in writing this article is ____.A. to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralistsB. to give suggestions on the support of the traditional pastoralism in AfricaC. to illustrate the difference between commercial ranching and pastoralismD. to criticize the colonial thinking of western aid agenciesPassage BCivil-Liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week: the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft. As part of a long-running court case, the government has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavior. All but Google have handed over data, and now the Department of Justice (DOJ) has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related to national security, but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography. In 1998, Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act (COPA), but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal, the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore. In order to conduct a controlled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines. It would then use those terms to do its own searches, employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers, in an attempt toquantify how often “material that is harmful to minors”might appear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case, the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test. “We intend to resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms, and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. (The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.) Originally, the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July 2005; the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case. If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites, the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net. “We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam, group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test, it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps, subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching. “What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?”Says the DOJ’s Miller, “I’m assuming that if something raised alarms, we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld, it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior. One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information, but the company hopes to eventually use the personal information of consenting customers to improve search performance. “Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl, an Electronic Frontier Foundation attorney. “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”01. When the American government asked Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior, the major intention is ____.A. to protect national securityB. to help protect personal freedomC. to monitor Internet pornographyD. to implement the Child Online Protection Act02. Google refused to turn over “its proprietary information”(para. 2) required by DOJ as it believes that ____.A. it is not involved in the court caseB. users’privacy is most importantC. the government has violated the First AmendmentD. search terms is the company’s business secret03. The phrase “scaled back to”in the sentence “the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”(para.3) can be replaced by ____.A. maximized toB. minimized toC. returned toD. reduced to04. In the sentence “One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4), the expression “sink its own case”most probably means that ____.A. counterattack the oppositionB. lead to blocking of porn sitesC. provide evidence to disprove the caseD. give full ground to support the case05. When Kurt Opsahl says that “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para. 5), the expression “Big Brother”is used to refer to ____.A. a friend or relative showing much concernB. a colleague who is much more experiencedC. a dominating and all-powerful ruling powerD. a benevolent and democratic organizationPart 3: Answering Questions. （20 POINTS）Passage AMillions of elderly Germans received a notice from the Health&Social Security Ministry earlier this month that struck a damaging blow to the welfare state. The statement informed them that their pensions were being cut. The reductions come as a stop-gap measure to control Germany’s ballooning pension crisis. Not surprisingly, it was an unwelcome change for senior citizens such as Sabine Wetzel, a 67-year-old retired bank teller, who was told her state pension would be cut by $12.30, or 1% to $1,156.20 a month. “It was a real shock,”she says. “My pension had always gone up in the past.”There’s more bad news on the way. On Mar. 11, Germany’s lower house of Parliament passed a bill gradually cutting state pensions—which have been rising steadily since World War II—from 53% of average wages now to 46% by 2020. And Germany is not alone. Governments across Western Europe are racing to curb pension benefits. In Italy, the government plans to raise the minimum retirement age from 57 to 60, while France will require that civil servants put in 40 years rather than 37.5 toqualify for a full pension. The reforms are coming despite tough opposition from unions, leftist politicians, and pensioners’groups.The explanation is simple: Europeans are living longer and having fewer children. By 2030 there will only be two workers per pensioner, compared with four in 2000. With fewer young workers paying into the system, cuts are being made to cover a growing shortfall. The gap between money coming in and payments going out could top $10 billion this year in Germany alone. “In the future, a state pension alone will no longer be enough to maintain the living standards employees had before they retired,”says German Health & Social Security Minister Ulla Schmidt. Says Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti: “The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves.”Of course, those population trends have been forecast for years. Some countries, such as Britain and the Netherlands, have responded by making individuals and their employers assume more of the responsibility for pensions. But many Continental governments dragged their feet. Now, the rapid runup in costs is finally forcing them to act. State-funded pension payments make up around 12% of gross domestic product in Germany and France and 15% in Italy—two percentage Points more than 20 years ago. Pensions account for an average 21% of government spending across the European Union. The U. S. Social Security system, by contrast, consumes just 4.8% of GDP. The rising cost is having serious repercussions on key European nations’commitments to fiscal restraint. “Governments have no choice but to make pensionreform a priority,”says Antonio Cabral, deputy director of the European Commission’s Directorate General for Economic & Financial Affairs.Just as worrisome is the toll being exacted on the private sector, corporate contributions to state pension systems—which make up 19.5% of total gross pay in Germany—add to Europe’s already bloated labor costs. That, in turn, blunts manufacturers’competitiveness and keeps unemployment rates high. According to the Institute of German Economics in Cologne, benefit costs reached a record 41.7% of gross wages in Germany last year, compared with 37.4% a decade before. French cement manufacturer Lafarge says pension cost of $121 million contributed to a 9% fall in operating profits last year.To cope, Germany and most of its EU partners are using tax breaks to encourage employees to put money into private pension schemes. But even if private pensions become more popular, European governments will have to increase minimum retirement ages and reduce public pensions. While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits, the next generation of retirees may look back on their parents’pension checks with envy.QuestionsParaphrase Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti’s statement “The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves”? What is implied by the last sentence of the passage “While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits, the nextgeneration of retirees may look back on their parents’pension checks with envy”? Passage BIn the old days, it was all done with cakes. For Marcel Proust, it was a visit to Mother’s for tea and madeleines that provided the access to “the vast structure of recollection”that was to become his masterpiece on memory and nostalgia, “Remembrance of Past Things.”These days, it’s not necessary to evoke the past: you can’t move without tripping over it.In an age zooming forward technologically, why are all the backward glances? The Oxford English Dictionary’s first definition of nostalgia reads: “acute longing for familiar surroundings; severe homesickness.”With the speed of computers doubling every 18 months, and the net doubling in size in about half that, no wonder we’re aching for familiar surroundings. Since the cornerstone of the Information Age is change, anything enduring becomes precious. “People are looking for something authentic,”says McLaren. Trouble is nostalgia has succumbed to trends in marketing, demographics and technology. “Nostalgia ain’t what it used to be,”says Michael J. Wolf, senior partner at Booz-Allen & Hamilton in New York. “These are the new good old days.”Baby boomers form the core of the nostalgia market. The boomers, defined by American demographers as those born between 1946 and 1964, are living long and prosperous lives. In both Europe and America, they remain the Holy Grail for admen,and their past has become everyone’s present. In a study on “entertainment imprinting,”two American marketing professors, Robert Schindler and Morris Holbrook, asked people ranging in age from 16 to 86 which popular music from the past they liked best. People’s favorite songs, they found, tended to be those that were popular when they were about 24, with their affection for pop songs diminishing on either side of that age. Doubtless Microsoft knows about entertainment imprinting, or at least nostalgia. The company hawks its latest Explorer to the strains of Simon and Garfunkel’s “Homeward Bound,”just as it launched Windows 98 to the tune of “Start Me up”by the Rolling Stones. Boomers remember both tunes from their 20s. If boomers are one market that values memories, exiles are another. According to the International Organization of Migration, more than 150 million people live today in a country other than the one where they were born—double the number that did so in 1965. This mass movement has sources as dire as tyranny and as luxurious as the freedoms of an EU passport. But exiles and refugees share one thing: homes left behind. Type in “nostalgia”on the search engine Google, and one of the first sites that pop up is the nostalgia page of The Iranian, an online site for Iran’s exiles, most of whom fled after 1978’s Islamic revolution. Perhaps the savviest exploitation of nostalgia has been the secondhand-book site alibris. com, which features stories of clients’rediscovering long-lost books on it. One John Mason Mings writes of the glories of finding a book with information on “Kickapoo Joy Juice,”a dreaded medicine of his youth. A Pennsylvanian waxes over alibris’s recovery of hisfirst-grade primer “Down cherry Street.”The Net doesn’t merely facilitate nostalgia —it promotes it. Web-based auction houses have helped jump-start markets for vintage items, form marbles to Apple Macintoshes.Cutting-edge technology, designed to be transient, has even bred its own instanostalgia. Last year a $666 Apple I went for $18,000 to a British collector at a San Francisco auction. “Historic! Microsoft Multiplan for Macintosh”crows one item on eBay’s vintage Apple secion. Surf to The Net Nostalgia Quiz to puzzle over questions like “In the old days, Altavista used to have which one of these URLs?”Those who don’t remember their history are condemned to repeat it. Or so entertainment moguls hope, as they market “70s TV hits like “Charlie’s Angels”and “Scooby Doo,”out next year, to a generation that can’t remember them the first time round. If you’ve missed a Puff Daddy track or a “Sopranos”episode, panic not. The megahits of today are destined to be the golden oldies of 2020, says Christopher Nurko of the branding consultant FutureBrand. “I guarantee you, Madonna’s music will be used to sell everything,”he says. “God help me, I hope it’s not selling insurance.”It could be. When we traffic in the past, nothing’s sacred.QuestionsExplain the beginning sentence “In the old days, it was all done with cakes.”What is the other big group besides baby boomers which values memories? What do these people share? What is “nostalgia market”? What do they sell in the nostalgia market?Part 4: Writing. （30 POINTS）Please reflect on the following opinion and write an essay of about 400 words elaborating your view with a well-defined title.Some people believe the key of the reform in the education system is a well-shared awareness that educations is there, instead of simply offering the knowledge important to the students, to improve the students in an all-round way, and especially to guide them to a careful pondering over such fundamental issues as life itself and social responsibility. An undue emphasis on knowledge-education and the resultant ignorance over the guidance to the students to a proper understanding of life will bring us nothing but a large number of “memorizing machines”. We can never expect a group of young people well prepared for the real social life.2014年考研专业课复习安排及方法问题一：专业课复习的复习进度及内容安排回答一：专业课的复习通常在9月或者更早就要开始了，集中复习一般放在11月－12月左右。