❖ Electricity is a form of energy that remains within the continent where it was produced and can be multi-sourced. As a result it gives the greatest degree of energy resilience .
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Disadvantages of electric vehicles
❖ Limited range due to the low energy density of batteries, compared to the fuel of internal combustion engined vehicles.
✓ 能源方面:能源多样性
电动汽车可以保证全球的能源安全,并且可以使用多种可再生能源。像 热能、核能、水能、潮汐能、风能、地热能、太阳能、化学能、生物能 等。
✓ 控制方面:易于控制
电动汽车比传统的燃料汽车更易实现精确的控制,智能交通系统则有可
。 能率先通过电动车来实现,从而提高道路利用率和交通安全性
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❖ 面对节能与环保的双重压力,近几年,国内
外各国主要将研究方向锁定在替代燃料汽车
(醇类、天然气、氢气等)和电动汽车两个
主要方向。
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1.发展电动汽车缘由
❖ 我国已成为世界第二石油进口大国。2005年,中国 日消费原油约673万桶,其中40%是2700多万辆民用 汽车消耗的。按照现在汽车年耗汽油的平均增长速 度,中国汽车到2030年耗油将达2.63亿吨,进口比 例将达84%,远远高于30%的安全警戒线。
❖ This comparison isn't entirely fair, though, since it compares tank-toflywheel efficiency of gasoline and diesel powered engines to the well-towheel efficiency of electric motors. It also fails to recognize that the practical efficiency of the internal combustion engine is significantly lower in actual use, because of transmission and idling losses.