河南省南乐县实验高级中学2012-2013学年高二下学期期中考试生物试题

2010-2023历年河南省南乐县实验高级中学高二下学期期末考试生物卷（带解析）第1卷一.参考题库(共25题)1.埃及的阿斯旺大坝建成后，尽管改善了电力和灌溉条件，取得了明显的经济效益，但巨大的水库沿岸水草丛生，使血吸虫发病率高达80%～100%，尼罗河下游农田失去了肥源等，这说明该工程（）A．经济效益和生态效益良好B．在一定程度上破坏了生态平衡C．维持了原来的生态平衡D．使生态系统的结构变得复杂2.下列哪种生物不能作为生物武器（）A．伤寒杆菌B．炭疽杆菌C．乳酸菌D．天花病毒3.1997年英国科学家培育的世界上第一只克隆绵羊“多利”的程序为下图所示，据图回答下列问题：（1）写出图中a、b所指的细胞工程名称：a.___________，b.___________。

（2）对重组细胞进行电脉冲刺激的目的是_____________________________ __ _。

（3）实施细胞工程a时，所需的受体细胞大多采用动物卵细胞的原因是。

（4）“多利”面部的毛色是___________。

请根据遗传学原理说明判断依据是___ ______________________。

（5）继植物组织培养之后，克隆绵羊的培育成功，证明动物细胞也具有____ ________。

（6）请举一例，说明克隆绵羊培育成功的实际意义：_______________ ______。

4.胚胎干细胞的特点是A．在形态上，表现为体积大，细胞核大，核仁明显；在功能上具有发育的全能性B．在形态上，表现为体积小，细胞核大，核仁明显；在功能上具有发育的全能性C．在形态上，表现为体积小，细胞核小，核仁不明显；在功能上不具有发育的全能性D．在形态上，表现为体积大，细胞核小，核仁明显；在功能上具有发育的全能性5.治疗白化病等人类遗传病的根本途径是（）A．口服化学药物B．注射化学药物C．利用辐射或药物诱发致病基因突变D．采取基因工程技术替换致病基因6.马铃薯利用它的块茎进行无性繁殖，种植的世代多了以后往往会感染病毒而减产，为此农户都希望得到无病毒的幼苗进行种植。

2012学年度第二学期期中考试九校联考高二年级生命科学试卷(考试时间：90分钟，满分：100分，命题人：沈利)一．单选题（共40分。

每小题只有一个正确选项）1、无性生殖与有性生殖的根本区别是 （ ）A ．有无生殖细胞的形成B ．是否由单一个体完成C ．有无细胞分裂D ．有无两性生殖细胞结合 2、姜能出芽，出芽后长成新个体的生殖方式为（ ） A ．孢子生殖 B ．营养繁殖 C ．出芽生殖 D ．分裂生殖3、与无性生殖相比，有性生殖的优越性表现在通过有性生殖 （ ）A ．可增加遗传物质重组的机会B ．可保持亲、子代遗传性状的一致C ．产生的子代都是二倍体D ．可在短时期内迅速增加子代数量 4、下列属于增殖细胞的是（ ）A ．肝细胞B ．筛管细胞C ．神经细胞D ．骨髓细胞5、下图a →d 表示连续分裂细胞的两个细胞周期。

下列叙述不正确的是（ ） A ．a 和b 为一个细胞周期 B. c 段结束DNA 含量增加一倍 C. 遗传物质平分一般发生在d 段 D. b 和c 为一个细胞周期6、下列哪项叙述可以表明动物细胞正在进行有丝分裂（ ） A ．核糖体合成活动加强 B ．线粒体产生大量ATP C ．中心体周围发射出星射线 D ．高尔基体数目显著增多7、在观察细胞有丝分裂过程中，分辨染色体形态和数目的最佳时期是（ ） A ．前期 B ．中期 C ．后期 D ．末期8、玉米体细胞中有20条染色体，细胞有丝分裂后期的染色单体数是（ ） A.40条 B.20条 C.10条 D.0条9、某植物体细胞内有4条染色体，那么在有丝分裂的前期，其染色体、染色单体、DNA 分子依次是（ ）A ．4 4 4B ．4 4 8C ．4 8 8D ．4 8 1610、动物胚胎细胞进行有丝分裂过程的中，其DNA 与染色体的加倍分别发生在（ ） A ．间期、前期 B ．后期、后期 C ．后期、间期 D ．间期、后期学校______________班级____________姓名______________学号____________11、下图是一学生绘出的某高等植物的细胞分裂图像。

实验中学2011-2012高二下学期期中考试文科生物一、单项选择I：本大题共30小题，每小题1分，共30分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。

1、建立细胞学说的科学家是施莱登和（）A．施旺 B．沃森 C．达尔文 D．克里克2、原核细胞和真核细胞的根本区别是有无( )A．细胞膜B．核糖体 C．核膜D．细胞质3、小丽没有吃早餐，第四节课时因饥饿而晕倒，此时最好给她喝( )A．纯净水 B．矿泉水 C．葡萄糖水 D．生理盐水4、有关细胞膜功能的叙述中，错误．．的是 ( )A．将细胞与环境分开 B．控制物质进出细胞C．进行细胞间的信息交流 D．可合成遗传物质5、鉴定一个细胞是植物细胞还是动物细胞，最可靠．．．的依据是观察它是否具有( )A．细胞壁 B．叶绿体 C．液泡 D．中心体6、下列物质出入细胞膜的方式中需要载体的是 ( )A．氨基酸分子进入小肠上皮细胞 B．O2进入肺泡C．水分子进入骨骼肌细胞 D．CO2进入毛细血管7、下列元素中，构成有机物基本骨架的是( )A．碳 B．氢 C．氧 D．氮8、下列哪项不是组成生物体的大量元素( )A. CB. NC. MgD. Cu9、生活在沙漠中的仙人掌细胞中含量最多的化合物是( )A．蛋白质 B．糖类 C．水 D．无机盐10、一分子ATP中，含有的高能磷酸键和磷酸基团的数目分别是( )A．2和3 B．1和3 C．2和2 D．4和611、所有原核细胞都具有 ( )A．核糖体和线粒体B．细胞膜和叶绿体C．内质网和中心体D．细胞膜和核糖体12、植物和动物体内都具有的糖是( )A. 糖元和淀粉B. 葡萄糖和核糖C. 蔗糖和乳糖D. 麦芽糖和纤维素13、下列用于鉴定组织中是否有脂肪存在的试剂及其颜色反应是( )A.碘液，蓝色B.斐林试剂，砖红色C.苏丹Ⅲ染液，橘黄色D.双缩脲试剂，紫色14、下列对细胞周期的叙述，不正确的是( )A.能够连续分裂的体细胞具有细胞周期B.一个细胞周期包括分裂间期和分裂期C.从一次分裂完成时开始，到下一次分裂之前为止D.从一次分裂完成时开始，到下一次分裂完成时为止15、在唾液细胞中，参与合成并分泌唾液淀粉酶的细胞器有( )A.线粒体、中心体、高尔基体、内质网B. 内质网、核糖体、高尔基体、线粒体C. 内质网、核糖体、叶绿体、高尔基体D.内质网、核糖体、高尔基体、中心体16、叶绿体中有多种色素，可以用纸层析方法将它们分离。

第I卷（选择题） 一、单项选择1．— I don’t think this TV set is of good quality. Can you replace it with a new one? — ___________. But I have to talk to my manager first.A. I’m sorryB. No wayC. No problemD. That’s a question 2．Tom was very angry about ________ to Mary’s birthday party.A. not invitingB. being not invitedC. not being invitedD. not to be invited 3．Energy drinks are not allowed _______ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.A. to makeB. to be madeC. to have been madeD. to be making 4．The plan has to be _______ to meet the real situation.A. adjustedB. adaptedC. producedD. refounded 5．Students are encouraged to _________ the design competition for robots at the university.A. take partB. operateC. join toD. participate in 6．The man I ______ yesterday in the street is my manager.A. paid a visitB. had a talkC. metD. dropped 7．Have you ever listened to the song Yesterday once more, ________ singer died in her early years?A. itsB. it’sC. whoseD. which 8．Mary felt sad over the loss of photos she had shot in Australia, ______ that was a memory she especially treasured.A. asB. whichC. whenD. where 9．As the busiest woman in the village, she made _____ her duty to look after all the otherpeople’s affairs in that village.A. thisB. thatC. oneD. it 10．— I’m dead tired. I can’t walk any farther, Jenny. — _______, Tommy. You can do it!A. No problemB. No hurryC. Come onD. That’s OK 11．Can you imagine a person _______ in the institutional revolution for doing nothing wrong?A. putting into prisonB. to stay in the prisonC. being put into prisonD. to put into prison 12．Getting a notebook to help you keep a schedule of the things will ____ you putting things off. A. stop B. keep C. make D. allow 13．One of the judges __________ to Gana’s film festival was a famous artist from China, Zhang Ziyi.A. invitedB. to inviteC. had been invitedD. being invited 14．— Are you glad to hear from her? — Of course. ___________, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That is to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not 15．He hurried to the station only _______ that the train had left.A. to findB. findingC. foundD. to have found 16．The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to ________ the change.A. adapt toB. adopt toC. apply toD. devote to 17．You were silly __________ your car, otherwise it wouldn’t have been stolen.A. not lockingB. to not lockC. not having lockedD. not to lock 18．As we grow up, it always _______ that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place.A. suggestsB. promisesC. requiresD. seems 19．Wang Gang is considering buying a computer, is considered to be a great help in our work and study.A. asB. whichC. thatD. what 20．I was scared _______ when I saw the tiger jumped out of the cage and ran to the little child.A. to the deathB. of deathC. into the deathD. to death 21．— I hear it will rain tomorrow. — It _______ true. You see, there are so many black clouds in the sky now.A. won’t beB. will beC. may beD. may not be 22．To qualify yourself for this kind of new job, I recommend that you ________ some online courses.A. to takeB. takingC. takeD. would take 23． With the guide _______ the way, we finally got to the village which we were looking for.A. ledB. leadingC. to leadD. had led 24．The reason ______ at the meeting for being late was not reasonable.A. why he gaveB. what he gaveC. he gaveD. on which he gave 25． — Could I have a word with you, mum? — Oh, dear, if you ______.A. canB. mayC. mustD. should 二、完型填空Once there was a very brilliant, creative and educated man. He gained much __26__ while traveling throughout the world. Unfortunately he lost his legs and left arm in a tragic accident, leaving only a finger and thumb on his right hand. He became so __27__ that he was afraid he would spend his life __28__ and would no longer be able to use his life in a(n) __29__ way. One day, he remembered how he had always loved getting __30__. He realized that he still had partial __31__ of his right hand and could write with __32__. Then, he had an idea. “Why not write to other people who need encouragement?” He __33__ where he could find those who could be encouraged if they read his letters. He thought of people in __34__. Many of them had hope of regaining their __35__. Others would keep feeling depressed and remain put away for the rest of their lives. He decided that he must try to __36__ them. So he wrote to a prison ministry about sending letters to the prisoners. The prison minister replied that writing to the prisoners would be __37__. However, it would be against prison rules for the prisoners to write back. __38__ with the intention, the man began sending __39__ messages of God’s love, hope, strength, and encouragement. He wrote twice a week, __40__ his strength and ability to the limit. He poured his heart and soul into his words, __41__ his experience, sense of humor, optimism, and faith. It was difficult to write those letters, especially without hope of any__42__. Frequently, he felt discouraged, wondering if anyone __43__ read his letters. However, this was his __44__ chance，so he determined to continue. At last, he received a letter from the prison officer, which said, “Please write on the best paper you can afford. Your letters are passed from cell (牢房) to cell until they almost fall to __5__!” We all have unique experiences, abilities and talents. We can discover ways to reach others in need of encouragement and strength. 26．A. wealth B. faithC. experience D. confidence 27．A. depressed B. embarrassedC. ashamedD. thrilled 28．A. writing B. sufferingC. weepingD. wandering 29．A. abnormal B. regularC. comfortableD. meaningful 30．A. presents B. e-mailsC. lettersD. prizes 31．A. sense B. strengthC. shapeD. function 32．A. affection B. cautionC. difficultyD. confidence 33．A. evaluated B. doubtedC. assumedD. wondered 34．A. hospitalsB. churchesC. prisonsD. charities 35．A. families B. letters C. freedomD. conscience 36．A. release B. reachC. defend D. know 37．A. acceptableB. reasonableC. prohibited D. considered 38．A. Faced B. FilledC. SatisfiedD. Annoyed 39．A. holyB. dailyC. one-wayD. round-way 40．A. holdingB. makingC. doingD. testing 41．A. sharingB. learningC. gainingD. enriching 42．A. successB. replyC. helpD. progress 43．A. curiouslyB. patientlyC. carefullyD. actually 44．A. onlyB. betterC. extraD. lost 45．A. ruinB. piecesC. the groundD. the bottom 三、阅读理解We have all experienced days when everything goes wrong. A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control. Sometimes a single unimportant event may cause a number of things to happen. Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping an eye on the baby at the same time. The telephone rings and this causes your troubles to begin. While you are on the phone, the baby pulls the tablecloth off the table, destroying your half-prepared meal. You hang up hurriedly and attend to your baby. Meanwhile, the meal gets burnt. As if this is not enough to bring you to tears, your husband arrives home, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner. Things can also go wrong on the road. During rush hour one evening two cars collided and the drivers began to argue. The woman driver behind the two cars happened to be a learner. She got into a panic and stopped her car. This forced the driver following her to stop suddenly. This driver’s wife was sitting beside him holding a large cake, and as she was thrown forward, the cake went right through the window and landed on the road. A truck driver seeing a cake flying through the air slammed on the brakes. The truck was carrying empty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the truck onto the road, causing a terrible traffic jam. It took the police an hour to get the traffic on the move again. In the meantime, the truck driver had to sweep up hundreds of broken bottles. Only two dogs were enjoying themselves, for they were happily having what was left of the cake. 46．If you want to answer the phone without any trouble, you’d better ___________ . A. pull out the telephone line when you are with your baby B. put your baby on the bed and keep an eye on him / her C. not hurry to answer the phone D. make sure your baby is not near the table 47．Who is responsible for the accidents that happened on the road? A. The two drivers who were arguing. B. It wasn’t mentioned in the passage. C. The woman driver. D. The truck driver. ．From this story we learn that ________. A. there are many road accidents every day B. the accidents mentioned in the passage are very strange C. no one knows why this kind of accident happens D. the accidents mentioned in the passage are very common ．The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is to ___________. A. remind us not to answer the phone when we are busy B. tell us driving is dangerous every day C. remind us not to be nervous when we meet an accident D. remind us not to carry a cake when we are sitting in a car 50．The main idea of this passage is that ________. A. troubles always come in groups B. accidents may happen anywhere at anytime C. a telephone call may cause great trouble D. anyone may have trouble on their way home From their beginnings New England towns had a special democratic system of government. At a stated time all the citizens would assemble at a town meeting, where they would discuss local problems and express opinions freely. They also elected the town’s officials at these gatherings and made decisions about the taxes they would pay and about other community matters. These meetings were usually held at the town hall, which was located in the central square. 51．At a town meeting, people do the following things EXCEPT __________. A. express their opinions about the government B. elect officials of the towns C. make a decision about whom they should marry D. discuss some community matters 52．In the 18th century, who had the right to vote? A. All the citizens. B. All the men except those who were church members. C. The rich. D. The rich men and the church members. 3．Why has the town meeting been widely imitated? A. Because many people are interested in it. B. Because it is very democratic. C. Because many people enjoy themselves at town meetings. D. Because sometimes government agencies call them. 4．According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Citizens can elect the officials in the town meeting. B. In recent years, town meetings are often called by a government agency. C. People can say what they want to say at the town meeting. D. Nowadays this kind of meeting is also held on radio and television. 55．This passage mainly talks about _______.A. the New England town meetingB. modern town meetingsC. a democratic meetingD. New England towns Decisions, decisions! Our lives are full of them, from the small ones to the life-changing. Theright to choose is central to everyone. Yet sometimes we make bad decisions that leave us unhappy orfull of regret. Can science help? Most of us know little about the mental processes that lie behind our decisions. Luckily, what psychologists are finding may help us all make better choices. Here are some of their amazing discoveries to help you make up your mind. Consider your emotions. You might think that emotions are the enemy of decision-making, but in fact they are a part of it. Whenever you make up your mind, your brain’s emotional centre is active. University of Southern California scientist, Antonio Damasia, has studied people with damage to only the emotional parts of their brains, and found that they were unable to make basic choices about what to wear or eat. Damasia thinks this may be because our brains store emotional memories of past choice, which we use to help the present decision-making. However, making choices under the influence of an emotion can greatly affect the result. Take anger for example. A study by Nitika Garg of the University of Mississippi and other scientists found the angry shoppers were more likely to choose the first thing they were offered rather than considering other choices. It seems that anger can lead us to make quick decisions without much thinking. 56. What does the underlined word “central” mean?A. in the middleB. easy to reachC. importantD. having power 57. Damasia’s study suggests that ________. A. emotions are the enemy of decision-making. B. our brain has nothing to do with decision-making. C. people with physical damage find it hard to make up their minds. D. our emotional memories of past choices can affect present decisions. 58. According to the text, what may help us make better decisions?A. To think about happy times.B. To make many decisions at a time.C. To stop feeling regretful about the past.D. To learn about the process of decision-making. 59. Why are angry shoppers more likely to choose the first thing they are offered?A. They often forget their past choices.B. They make decisions without much thinking.C. They tend to save time when shopping.D. They are too angry to bargain. 60. What do we learn from the text? A. Emotions are a part of decision-making. B. Sad people always make worse choices. C. No emotion seems to help us make good choices. D. Only sad feelings affect our thinking and motivation. D We have all experienced days when everything goes wrong. A day may begin well enough, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control. Sometimes a single unimportant event may cause a number of things to happen. Let us suppose that you are preparing a meal and keeping an eye on the baby at the same time. The telephone rings and this causes your troubles to begin. While you are on the phone, the baby pulls the tablecloth off the table, destroying your half-prepared meal. You hang up hurriedly and attend to your baby. Meanwhile, the meal gets burnt. As if this is not enough to bring you to tears, your husband arrives home, unexpectedly bringing three guests to dinner. Things can also go wrong on the road. During rush hour one evening two cars collided and the drivers began to argue. The woman driver behind the two cars happened to be a learner. She got into a panic and stopped her car. This forced the driver following her to stop suddenly. This driver’s wife was sitting beside him holding a large cake, and as she was thrown forward, the cake went right through the window and landed on the road. A truck driver seeing a cake flying through the air slammed on the brakes. The truck was carrying empty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the truck onto the road, causing a terrible traffic jam. It took the police an hour to get the traffic on the move again. In the meantime, the truck driver had to sweep up hundreds of broken bottles. Only two dogs were enjoying themselves, for they were happily having what was left of the cake. 61. If you want to answer the phone without any trouble, you’d better ___________ . A. pull out the telephone line when you are with your baby B. put your baby on the bed and keep an eye on him / her C. not hurry to answer the phone D. make sure your baby is not near the table 62. Who is responsible for the accidents that happened on the road? A. The two drivers who were arguing. B. It wasn’t mentioned in the passage.C. The woman driver.D. The truck driver. 63. From this story we learn that ________. A. there are many road accidents every day B. the accidents mentioned in the passage are very strange C. no one knows why this kind of accident happens D. the accidents mentioned in the passage are very common 64. The writer’s purpose in writing this passage is to ___________. A. remind us not to answer the phone when we are busy B. tell us driving is dangerous every day C. remind us not to be nervous when we meet an accident D. remind us not to carry a cake when we are sitting in a car 65. The main idea of this passage is that ________.A. troubles always come in groupsB. accidents may happen anywhere at anytime C. a telephone call may cause great trouble D. anyone may have trouble on their way home 四、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

实验中学2011-2012高二下学期期中考试理科生物考生须知:本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题，其中1—15为单项选择题，16—20为双项选择题。

第Ⅱ卷为非选题。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共50分）一、单项选择题：本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。

在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项符合题目要求。

1. PCR技术扩增DNA,需要的条件是①目的基因②引物③四种脱氧核苷酸④热稳定DNA聚合酶等⑤mRNA ⑥核糖体A、①②③④B、②③④⑤C、①③④⑤D、①②③⑥2、下列关于质粒的叙述，正确的是A、质粒是广泛存在于细菌细胞中的一种颗粒状细胞器B、质粒通常是细菌细胞质中能够自主复制的小型环状DNA分子C、质粒是在基因工程中最常利用的目的基因D、质粒是在基因工程中最常利用的受体细胞3、要将胡萝卜韧皮部细胞培养成完整植株，下列条件中不需要的是A、具有完整细胞核的细胞B、离体状态C、导入外源基因D、一定的营养物质和激素4、与传统的有性杂交法相比，植物体细胞杂交的最大优点是A、可使两个亲本的优良性状组合到一起B、可以克服远缘杂交不亲和的障碍C、可以培育出高产性状明显的新品种D、可以降低生成成本，提高经济效益5、科学家用小鼠骨髓瘤细胞与某种细胞融合，得到杂交细胞，经培养可产生大量的单克隆抗体，与骨髓瘤细胞融合的是A、经过免疫的B淋巴细胞B、不经过免疫的T淋巴细胞C、经过免疫的T淋巴细胞D、不经过免疫的B淋巴细胞6．表现型不同的母牛生育出基因型完全相同的牛，产生这一结果的最可能的原因是A．试管动物培养 B．胚胎移植 C．胚胎分割移植 D．细胞核移植7、下列对动物细胞培养的有关叙述正确的是A、动物细胞培养的目的是获得大量的分泌蛋白B、动物细胞培养必须取健康动物的细胞核C、细胞的癌变发生于原代培养的过程中D、动物细胞培养前要用胰蛋白酶使细胞分散8、卵子是否受精的标志是a b c A 、雌、雄原核形成 B 、精卵相遇，发生顶体反应C 、精子接触透明带D 、在卵黄膜和透明带的间隙出现两个极体9、下列哪种生物不能作为生物武器A. 伤寒杆菌B. 炭疽杆菌C. 乳酸菌D. 天花病毒10. 如图是“无废弃物农业”物质和能量流动图，该图所体现的主要生态工程原理是A ．物质循环再生原理B ．整体性原理C ．物种多样性原理D ．协调与平衡原理11、某学者正在研究某一种鸟类的季节性迁徙行为，他的研究对象属于哪一生命层次A ．个体B ．种群C ．生物群落D ．生态系统12．生物大分子中出现最多并起骨架作用的元素是A ．碳B ．氮C ．氧D ．磷13．某蛋白质由m 条肽链、n 个氨基酸组成。

2019年河南省濮阳市南乐县实验高级中学高二生物下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题（本题共40小题，每小题1.5分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

）1. 下列各项不属于孟德尔进行遗传研究获得成功的原因是A．豌豆生长期短，闭花受粉，自然状态下是纯种B．豌豆异花授粉是在开花期将母本去雄后套袋C．从分析一对相对性状开始，运用统计学方法分析实验结果D．科学地设计实验程序，提出假说并进行验证参考答案：B2. 如图示一对同源染色体及其上的等位基因，下列说法错误的是（）A．来自父方的染色单体与来自母方的染色单体之间发生了交叉互换B. A与a的分离仅发生在减数第一次分裂C． B与b的分离发生在减数第一次分裂D．A与a的分离发生在减数第一次分裂或减数第二次分裂参考答案：B略3. 如图所示，一植株被纸盒罩住，纸盒的一侧开口，有单侧光照，固定植株，旋转纸盒，一段时间后，植株的生长状况是甲；如果固定纸盒，旋转植株，植株的生长状况是乙；如果将纸盒和植株一起旋转，植株的生长状况是丙，则甲、乙、丙分别代表A.直立生长、向右弯曲生长、弯向盒开口方向生长B.向左弯曲生长、直立生长、弯向盒开口方向生长C.向右弯曲生长、向左弯曲生长、直立生长D.向右弯曲生长、直立生长、弯向盒开口方向生长参考答案：B4. 科学家曾用柑桔雌果蝇的性外激素涂在纸片上，挂在柑桔园里诱得大量雄性柑桔果蝇并加以消灭，这种对有害动物控制的方法属于A. 机械防治B. 生物防治C. 化学防治D. 物理防治参考答案：B科学家将含有柑桔雌果蝇的性外激素的纸片挂在柑橘树上，结果吸引来大量的雄性果蝇，这属于化学物质的扩散来传递的，这种物质对雄果蝇来说是化学信息，这种对有害动物控制的方法属于生物防治，故选B。

5. 下列关于真核细胞结构和功能的叙述中，错误的是A．抑制线粒体的功能会影响主动转运 B．核糖体由RNA和蛋白质构成C．有分泌功能的细胞才有高尔基体 D．溶酶体可消化细胞器碎片参考答案：C6. 图分别表示同一动物不同细胞的分裂图像，可能导致等位基因彼此分离和非同源染色体上的非等位基因自由组合的图像分别是（）A. ①和②B. ②和②C. ③和②D. ②和④参考答案：B【分析】真核细胞增殖的方式包括有丝分裂、减数分裂和无丝分裂，其中有丝分裂和无丝分裂是体细胞增殖的主要方式，减数分裂是形成有性生殖细胞时的增殖方式，题目中我们可以依据是否有同源染色体，以及同源染色体的行为来判断是有丝分裂还是减数分裂。

河南南乐实验高级中学2018-2019学度高二下学期年中考试生物试题word版含解析考试范围：选修3前两个专题；考试时间：90分钟；本卷须知1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、班级、考号填写在答题卡和答题卷规定的位置上。

2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的题目答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。

3.答非选择题时，最好使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卷相应的位置上。

在试题卷上答题无效。

第I卷〔选择题〕本卷共有25小题，每题2分，共50分。

在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项为哪一项符合题目要求的。

1、以下关于基因工程的表达中，错误的选项是．．．．．．()A.首先要猎取目的基因，然后要让目的基因与运载体结合B.一般用同一种限制性内切酶切割质粒和猎取目的基因C.目的基因导入受体细胞后能够随着受体细胞的繁殖而复制D.一次基因工程操作中，能够摄入重组DNA分子的受体细胞特别多2、以下有关基因工程中限制性内切酶的描述，错误的选项是．．．．．．〔〕A.一种限制性内切酶只能识别一种特定的脱氧核苷酸序列B.限制性内切酶的活性受温度妨碍C.限制性内切酶能识别和切割RNAD.限制性内切酶可从原核生物中提取3、在重组DNA技术中，不常用到的酶是〔〕A、限制性内切酶B、DNA聚合酶C、DNA连接酶D、反转录酶4、在基因工程技术中，以下方法与目的基因获得无关的是()A.辐射诱变法B.从基因组文库中猎取C.反转录法D.人工合成法5、以下关于限制酶和DNA连接酶的理解正确的选项是()A.其化学本质基本上蛋白质B.DNA连接酶能够恢复DNA分子中的氢键C.它们不能被反复使用D.在基因工程操作中能够用DNA聚合酶代替DNA连接酶6、限制酶切割DNA时切出的DNA末端是〔〕A.只有黏性末端B.只有平末端C.既有黏性末端也有平末端D.任意末端7、蛋白质工程的实质是〔〕A、改造蛋白质B、改造mRNAC、改造基因D、改造氨基酸8、植物体细胞杂交的结果是〔〕A、产生杂种植株B、产生杂种细胞C、原生质体融合D、形成愈伤组织9、一般来说，动物细胞体外培养需要满足以下条件〔〕①无毒的环境②无菌的环境③合成培养基需加血清、血浆④温度与动物体温相近⑤需要O2，不需要CO2⑥需要O2和CO2A.①②③④⑤⑥B.①②③④C.①③④⑤⑥D.①②③④⑥10、以下表达中正确的选项是〔〕A、利用植物组织培养技术得到的植株，所产生的变异来源于基因突变、基因重组和染色体变异B、单克隆抗体是动物细胞工程产物，在单克隆抗体上连接抗癌药物制成生物导弹，可将药物定向带到癌细胞所在部位，既消灭了癌细胞，又可不能损害健康细胞C、动物细胞培养中细胞遗传物质的改变发生于原代培养过程中D、动物细胞培养至50代后能接着传代的是正常细胞11、在以下过程中，需要采纳植物组织培养技术的是〔〕①利用秋水仙素处理萌发的种子或幼苗，获得多倍体植株②利用花药离体培养得到单倍体植株③利用基因工程培育抗棉铃虫的植株④利用细胞工程培养“番茄—马铃薯”杂种植株⑤无子西瓜的大量繁殖A、①②③B、③④⑤C、①②④⑤D、②③④⑤12、以下过程中，没有发生膜融合的是〔〕A、植物体细胞杂交B、受精过程C、基因重组载体的构建D、杂交瘤细胞的形成13、动物细胞工程常用的技术手段中，最基础的是〔〕A、动物细胞培养B、动物细胞融合C、单克隆抗体D、细胞核移植14、以下各项中，不是用基因工程方法生产的药品是〔〕A、干扰素B、白细胞介素-2C、青霉素D、乙肝疫苗15、以“—GAATTG—”的互补链转录mRNA，那么此段mRNA的序列是〔〕A、—GAAUUG—B、—CTTAAC—C、—CUUAAC—D、—GAATTG—16、以下关于细胞工程的表达，错误的选项是．．．．．．〔〕A、电刺激可诱导植物原生质体融合或动物细胞融合B、去除植物细胞的细胞壁和将动物组织分散成单个细胞均需酶处理C、小鼠骨髓瘤细胞和经抗原免疫小鼠的B淋巴细胞融合可制备单克隆抗体D、某种植物甲乙两品种的体细胞杂交与甲乙两品种杂交后代的染色体数目相同17、以下关于体细胞克隆的表达中，错误的选项是．．．．．．()A、供体为体细胞的细胞核B、受体为去核卵细胞的细胞质C、克隆出的后代与供体的遗传物质和表现型完全一致D、细胞核移植是体细胞克隆的关键步骤18、限制酶是一种核酸切割酶，可辨识并切割DNA分子上特定的核苷酸碱基序列。

高二生物第二学期期中测试试卷1、本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分120分。

考试时间100分钟。

2、第Ⅰ卷与第Ⅱ卷答案均填在答题纸上。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共55分)一、单项选择题（本题包括20小题，每小题2分，共40分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题意。

）1．在基因工程中，科学家所用的“分子手术刀”“分子缝合针”“分子运输车”分别是指A．大肠杆菌病毒、质粒、DNA连接酶 B．噬菌体、质粒、DNA连接酶C．DNA限制酶、RNA连接酶、质粒 D．DNA限制酶、DNA连接酶、质粒2．基因工程技术可使大肠杆菌合成人的蛋白质。

下列叙述不正确的是A．常用相同的限制性内切酶处理目的基因和质粒B．DNA连接酶和RNA聚合酶是构建重组质粒必需的工具酶C．可用含抗生素的培养基检测大肠杆菌中是否导入了重组质粒D．导入大肠杆菌的目的基因不一定能成功表达3．有关基因工程的叙述正确的是A．重组质粒的形成在细胞内完成 B．限制性内切酶只在获得目的基因时才用C．质粒都可作运载体 D．蛋白质的结构可为合成目的基因提供资料4．基因芯片技术是最近几年才发展起来的崭新技术，涉及生命科学、信息学、微电子学、材料学等众多的学科，固定在芯片上的各个探针是已知的单链DNA分子，而待测DNA 分子被用同位素或能发光的物质标记。

如果这些待测的DNA分子中正好有能与芯片上的DNA配对的，它们就会结合起来，并在结合的位置发出荧光或者射线，出现“反应信号”，下列说法错误的是A．基因芯片的工作原理是碱基互补配对B．待测的DNA分子首先要解旋变为单链，才可用基因芯片测序C．待测的DNA分子可以直接用基因芯片测序D．由于基因芯片技术可以检测未知DNA碱基序列，因而具有广泛的应用前景，好比能识别身份的“基因身份证”5．离体的植物组织或细胞在适当培养条件下发育成完整的植株，离体动物体细胞却没有发育成动物的成熟个体，原因是A．动物细胞内没有成套的遗传物质B．动物细胞的全能性随分化程度提高而受到限制，分化潜能变弱C．动物细胞的细胞核太小D．动物细胞没有全能性6．在植物组织培养过程中，愈伤组织的形成和形态发生是十分关键的一步。