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牛津英语8Bunit1 past and present课文要点全解Comic strip1.I've just eaten it我刚把它吃了。
(教材第6页)just此处用作副词，意为“刚刚,刚才”,通常与现在完成时连用。
Mr Wang has just left our classroom,王老师刚刚离开我们的教室。
I've just heard the news.我刚听到这个消息。
[拓展]①just副词，还可意为“正好，恰好;仅仅，只是”，起加强语气的作用。
This jacket is just my size.这件夹克衫正合我的尺码。
He is just a child他仅仅是一个孩子。
I just want to talk to you.我只是想和你谈谈。
②.just own意为“刚才”相当于a moment ago,.常用于句来，用于一般过去时态的句子中。
I met one of my friends in the street just now.我刚才在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。
③just then意为“就在那时”。
Just then, someone knocked at the door.就在那时，有人敲门。
中考●链接I'm not hungry because I have ______had lunch.A.everB. neverC. justD. still解析:我们可用“前后照应法”解答此题。
ever"曾经”;never“从不”;just“刚才，刚刚”;sill 还;仍”。
由主句句意“我不饿”可推知从句句意应为“因为我刚吃过午饭”。
故选C。
答案:C2.Why?为什么? (教材第6页)这是一个省略问句，其完整形式是"Why did you cat my food?。
why引导的特殊疑问句用来询问原因，通常用because (因为)引导的句子来回答。
牛津译林版八年级下册Unit1 Past and present单元检测一、单项选择。
1. I read ______ unusual story last night. ______ story is about Dr Zhong Nanshan.A.an;AB.a;TheC.an;TheD.an;A2. To complete her online learning, Suzy needs a computer or a mobile phone to receive messages ______ her teachers.A.withB.duringC.fromD.through3. With the help of the Chinese government, the people in poor areas have a ______ life than before.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well4. Nothing is ______ for you if you always do your best.A. PossibleB.impossibleC.importantD.careful5. Mr Wu has worked in this school since his family _____ to Nanjing five years ago.A.has movedB.movedC.movesD.move6. The government ______ a new rule to stop young people playing video games for long. Nowadays many students spend less time online.A. will makeB.is makingC.has madeD.made7. -Shaoyang has changed a lot in the past few years.-Yes.It is getting ______.A.cleanB.cleanerC.cleanestD.the cleanest8. -How do you like Treasure Island,Lucy?-It's so exciting that I ______it twice.A. am readingB.have readC.was readingD.had read9. ______, our world is more connected than before because of the Internet.A. In some waysB. In this wayC.On the wayD.By the way10. -Look, the light is still on in Helen's office.-Maybe she ______her work yet.A.doesn't finishB.won't finishC.hasn't finishedD.didn't finish11. -Have you finished your homework?-______. It's difficult for me to finish it in such a short time.A.Not yetB.I hope notC.I think soD.Of course12. -Smog has been troubling people a lot in many parts of China.-Now China is ______to reduce pollution.A. taking notesB.making mistakesC.taking actionD.making money13. -My father ______to his workplace by bus, but now he ______there by bike.-Really? You have an environmentally friendly father.A. used to go; is used to goed to going; is used to goC.is used to go; is used to goinged to go; is used to going14. -I don't think students should spend too much time playing phone games.- ______! As students, we should pay more attention to our study.A.MainlyB.ExactlyC.SimplyD.Mostly15. -It has been a long time since we met last year, Alice. How's it going?- ______. Many thanks.A.Pretty goodB.The same to youC.It doesn't matterD.Help yourself二、完形填空。
Unit 1 Past and present 单元检测卷（满分：100分时间：60分钟）一、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）( )1. They got married_______ 1960. That means they have been married _______ 1960.A. at; sinceB. on; inC. in; sinceD. for; since( )2. Julia isn't going to the cinema with us because she_______ the film.A. seesB. sawC. will seeD. has seen( )3. - Lunch?- No, thanks. I_______.A. will eatB. am eatingC. have eatenD. eaten( )4. I met Lucy in the primary school and we have been close friends______ .A. as usualB. again and againC. sooner or laterD. ever since( )5. Though he is_______ at home, he doesn't feel_______ for he has many things to do.A. alone; lonelyB. lonely; aloneC. alone; aloneD. lonely; lonely( )6. - _______ have you been married?- For twenty years.A. How farB. How oftenC. How longD. How soon( )7. -Dave, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready?- No, I_______ our guide book and towels yet.A. don't packB. didn't packC. have packedD. haven't packed( )8. - Have you actually lived in Jianhu since then? - _______.A. Yes, I do.B. Yes, I did.C. Yes, I have.D. No, I didn't.( )9. - How long have you been at this school? - _______.A. Three years ago.B. Since 20XX.C. For three years ago.D. In 20XX.( )10. He likes playing tricks on others, but_______, he is a good boy. He is willing to help others.A. in this wayB. in some waysC. in that wayD. in a word( )11. - I have_______ finished my homework. What about you?- I finished it_______.A. just; justB. just now; just nowC. just; just nowD. just now; just( )12. Suzy_______ a bus to school, but now she walks.A. is used to takingB. was used to takeC. used to takeD. used to taking( )13. Anny_______ Jeff when they were both 25 years old.A. get marriedB. marriedC. married withD. married to( )14. -_______ you_______ your watch? - No, _______.A. Did; find out; I didn'tB. Have; found; not yetC. Have; looked for; I haven'tD. Did; find; not yet( )15. -_______ you_______ the book_______ to the library yet?- Yes, I have.A. Have; returned; /B. Have; returned; backC. Did; return; /D. Did; return; back二、完形填空(每小题1分，共10分)Electric bicycles run on battery-operated(用电池发动的) motors. More and more people like this type of bikes 1 their speed and quality.They were 2 made in 1980s in China, but the selling was not very good. Today, thanks to(多亏了) improvement(改进) on the quality of the batteries, the electric bikes sell 3 . There are more than 100 electric bicycle producers in China and 4 of such bicycles have been produced. Japan is 5 large producer of such bicycles in the world.Now China is one of the 6 producers of electric bicycles in the world, and lots of people have 7 this kind of bicycles.Such bikes are quick, safe and 8 to operate, 9 their .batteries still have shortcomings(缺点). They weigh more than 10 kilograms. Their service life is less than two years and they 10 500 yuan each.( )1. A. because B. because of C. for D. as( )2. A. at first B. first C. the first D. at firstly( )3. A. good B. bad C. well D. badly( )4. A. hundreds and thousand B. hundred and thousandsC. hundred and thousandD. hundreds and thousands( )5. A. another B. other C. others D. the other( )6. A. largest B. smallest C. bigger D. fewest( )7. A. bought B. brought C. broken D. bright( )8. A. hard B. interesting C. easy D. boring( )9. A. but B. / C. so D. and( )10. A. pay B. cost C. spend D. worth三、阅读理解（每小题2分,共20分）(A)Shenzhen is a city in South China. It is not very big, but it has attracted people of the whole country and the whole world as well.Just about thirty years ago, it was only a small fishing village, There were not many people there. Most of them lived on fishing. Things have greatly changed since the 1980s. It became thefirst special economic zone(经济特区) in China.Because of the opening policy(政策), economic changes between China and the outside world have increased greatly. People can come and go easily between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Both foreigners and Chinese have built a lot of factories, companies and tourist attractions there. People all over the country have come to find jobs. Many of them have settled down in this new booming(兴起的) city.Shenzhen is developing so fast that it has become a well-known metropolis(大都市) in China.( )1. Shenzhenlies_______ China.A. in the south ofB. to the south ofC. in the north ofD. on the south of( )2. About twenty years ago most of the people in Shenzhen_______.A. worked in the factoriesB. did houseworkC. caught fish for a livingD. lived a happy life( )3. When did Shenzhen become a special economic zone?A. At the end of the 1880s.B. In the 1980s.C. At the beginning of the 1880s.D. In the 1790s.( )4. What have foreigners done in Shenzhen?A. They have come to visit their friends.B. They have built a lot of factories and companies.C. They have got plenty of money from China.D. They have come to buy things.( )5. "Many of them have settled down in this new booming city. " In this sentence, "settled down" means "_______"A. made downB. sat downC. began to workD. stayed there(B)Fifty-three years ago, Barbie Millicent Roberts first appeared in the world of toys. Since then, Barbie doll, as everyone called her, has become the most successful toy doll in history. Her parent, the Mattel Company, said that 90% of all American girls between 3 and 10 have at least one Barbie at home.However, Barbie is facing some trouble at present. There are many simple dolls on the market in competition with her. Another doll named Bratz, for example, came to life thirteen years ago. She looks more like today's pop stars with heavy makeup(浓妆) and miniskirts. And her company offers more kinds of clothes too.It seems that Barbie has lost her magic among older girls. "For younger girls, playing with a Barbie is much fun. But when you get older, you want something smarter and more modern." says Vera Stepherd, a shop assistant in a New York toy store.It is good news that on the international market, Barbie is still No.1.Although Mattel isselling fewer Barbies in the United States these years, sales in other countries are still going up. In March, , Mattel opened its first Barbie store in Shanghai, where girls can shop, eat, drink or even become fashion designers for their own Barbie.Mattel is planning big celebrations for Barbie's 55th birthday. Fashion designers from all over the world have been called to make new dresses for Barbies. How long will Barbie stay popular in the world of toy dolls? It is hard to say, but 55 is surely not the age to retire(退休). ( )6. Barbie's family name is_______.A. RobertsB. MillicentC. ShepherdD. Bratz( )7. Barbie's trouble is that_______.A. it wears heavy makeup and miniskirtsB. other dolls are more popular with little girlsC. other dolls are trying to beat her on the marketD. it has become less popular in the international market( )8. Girls can do the following in the first Barbie shop in Shanghai EXCEPT_______.A. going shoppingB. having foodC. drinking juiceD. taking photos( )9. What's the meaning of the underlined words "fashion designers" in the passage?A. 珠宝设计师B．发型设计师 C. 舞台设计师 D. 服装设计师( )10. What is the best title of the passage?A. First Barbie shop in shanghaiB. Barbie's past and presentC. Barbie's 55th birthday partyD. Barbie lost her magic(C)Here is a story of the Baiji River Dolphin. It makes its home in the Changjiang River. Over 20million years ago, the Baiji River Dolphin left the sea, swam up the Changjiang River and has lived there ever since. It has smaller eyes than other kinds of dolphins because the Changjiang River has many small piece of earth in it. The small size helps to protect its eyes. However, because it has such small eyes, it can not use its eyes to find food. Instead, this kind of dolphin uses sound waves (声波) to find food. This makes it so unusual.About 2200 years ago, there were thousands of dolphins in the Changjiang River, but today, not many people can see the dolphins. Their population（人口）has gone from 150. Scientists say that the dolphin population has gone down because the population of people on the Chnagjiang River has gone up. They also say that the new dam (大坝) on the river is also making the dolphin die because it doesn’t have food to eat.Scientists have tried different things to save this “panda in the water,” but nothing has helped. What would you do to save this kind of dolphin if you had a chance?( ) 11. The Baiji River Dolphin lives ____.A. in the Yellow RiverB. in the Nile RiverC. in the Chnagjiang RiverD. in the Huaihe River( ) 12. We can also call the Baiji River Dolphin “_____”.A. panda in the skyB. panda on the moonC. panda in the zooD. panda in the water( ) 13. What makes the Baiji River Dolphin different from other dolphins?A. Its big nose.B. Its small eyes.C. Its small ears.D. Its small mouth.( ) 14. Why does the Baiji River Dolphin become fewer and fewer?A. The new dam on the river.B. The population of people has gone up.C. It has smaller eyes.D. Both A and B.( ) 15. Which is the best title of this passage?A. The Changjiang RiverB. The Baiji River DolphinC. Population ProblemsD. The Rising of Population四、单词拼写（每小题1分，共10分）1. The little girl will travel_______ (在国外)to learn more about art.2. Oh, my god! You haven't finished your homework_______（还，仍）．3. We should provide a good_______（环境）for ourselves, so we must protect it.4. - Do you know Hong Kong?-Yes, it_______（返回）to China in 1997.5. Lucy and Tom have been in love for many years and they'll get_______（结婚的）next month.6. We should learn to_______（交流）with different people in different fields.7. Kate and her_______（丈夫）have worked here for many years.8. The city has a lot of parks and_______（开阔的）spaces. It's a good place to live.9. There are twelve_______（街区）in the famous city.10. They all think it's_______（不可能的）to finish the work in such a short time.五、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空（每小题1分，共5分）1. It will be colder in the_______ (south) part of China next week.2. The air_______ (pollute) makes me feel sick.3. -_______ you_______ (receive) any letters from him recently?- Not yet.4. - Turn off the radio, dear. Baby is sleeping.- There is no need. He_______ (wake) up.5. I haven't seen you for a long time. You_______ (change)a lot.六、句型转换（每小题1分，共5分）1．Jack has already finished his homework.（改为一般疑问句）Jack finished his homework_______?2．They have known each other for a long time.（对画线部分提问）_______ _______ _______ they_______ each other?3．Sometimes I feel lonely at the weekend.（同义句转换）I feel lonely at the weekend_______ _______ _______ _______.4．This small village has changed a lot over the years.（同义句转换）There_______ _______a lot of changes in this small village over the years.5. After I got married, I didn't live there any more.（合并为一句）I _______ _______ there_______ I got married.七、翻译句子（每小题2分，共10分）1．你叔叔曾经去过日本吗？_____________________________________________________________________ 2．在过去的几年里，苏州发生了很大的变化。
Unit1 Past and present单元综合测试卷（B）一、听力测试(10分)A)根据你所听到的对话，选择正确答案。
( )1. What can you know about Tony from the talk?A. He won't go to bed.B. He'll go to bed early.C. He'll go to bed late.( )2.When is the boy's birthday?A. December 29.B. December 30.C. December 28.( )3.What game did Jack win?A. The long jump.B. The high jump.C. The boys'100 metres. ( )4.Why is the man moving?A. The new flat is cheaper.B. He likes to listen to the radio.C. He needs a quiet place.( )5.What's the weather like today?A. Much cooler.B. Wet.C. Hot.B)根据你所听到的对话，选择正确答案。
( )6.How many singers were there in the rock band（乐队）last year?A．5．B．4．C．3．( )7.What sports does the singer like?A. Swimming and climbing.B. Swimming and skating.C. Swimming and running.C)根据你所听到的短文内容，选择正确答案，完成信息记录表。
( )8.A. At the gate of the exhibition centre.B．At the bus station.C. In front of the library.( )9. A. No.5. B. No. 15. C. No. 50.( )10. A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By car.二、单词拼写(10分)A)根据句意和汉语注释，写出单词的正确形式1. She's_______（意识到）she is wrong at this matter, so she feels very sorry.2. We have little time. It's_______（不可能）to finish the project in such a short time.3. Life in a busy city is wonderful._______（然而）, the traffic and noise make you uncomfortable.4. The Green family will_______（返回）from England next weekend.5. The price of almost everything has gone up quickly_______（最近）．6. Our living_______（条件）are getting better and better now.7. It's important for us to protect our_______（环境）in a right way.B)根据对话内容，写出句中所缺单词8. -Have you met her since 2012?No. But we keep in_______ with each other by talking on the phone.9. -Has she been alone all her_______?-Yes. As others say, she married herself.10. -Do you play chess as often as_______?-We stopped doing that after he moved away.三、单项填空(15分)( ) 1. There was _______ interview with Li Jiacheng yesterday evening. But it was a pity that I missed _______ beginning.A. an; aB. an; theC. a; theD. the; the( ) 2. Life of Pi is a wonderful film. I _______ it twice.A. will seeB. have seenC. sawD. see( ) 3. _______ the way, my hometown is quite different from what it was _______ some ways.A. By; inB. By, byC. In; byD. In; in( ) 4. -He's just come back from work, _______?- _______. He won't come back before 9 p.m.A. hasn't he; Yes, he hasB. isn't he; No, he isn'tC. isn't he; Yes, he isD. hasn't he; No, he hasn't( ) 5. They _______ going to school on foot before they went to high school.A. use toB. are used toC. wereD. were used to( ) 6. -Would you like _______ some more food?-No, thanks. I _______ enough.A. to have; haveB. have; hadC. to have; have hadD. to have; had( ) 7. The poor _______ woman lived _______ in a small house.A. alone; lonelyB. lonely; aloneC. alone; aloneD. lonely; lonely( ) 8. It _______ ten years _______ I worked in this new office.A. is; sinceB. has been, afterC. was; sinceD. was; after( ) 9. -Have you discussed this problem with your parents _______?-Yes, I have _______ discussed it with them.A. already, yet B yet; yet C. yet; never D. yet; already( )10. Putting _______ waste into the rivers will cause _______ problems.A. too much; too manyB. too many; too muchC. too much; many tooD. too many; much too( )11. - _______ have you been friends? .-We have been friends since we were young.A. How farB. How longC. How soonD. How much( )12. I _______ today's newspaper. There is nothing interesting in it.A. have just now finished reading B have just readC. just finished readingD. have just now read( )13. We must try our best to stop the pollution _______ a happy life.A. from liveB. from livingC. livingD. to live( )14. There _______ great changes in China since twenty years ago.A. areB. were .C. have beenD. have( )15. -I've got a job in New York. -Oh, _______! But I'm going to miss you.A. that's greatB. I’m sorryC. I beg your pardonD. that's too bad四、动词填空(10分)1._______ (improve) your DIY skill, you'd better practise from time to time.2. How many times_______ the teacher_______ (communicate) with the parents in the past two months?3. -May I use your dictionary? -Sorry, I_______ (use) it now.4. - _______ you ever_______ (hear) of this book before?-N ever.5. While Tom with his parents_______ (sweep) the floor yesterday, the telephone rang.6. It's the third time you_______ (be) late for school this week. Please come to school early next time.7. I often spend a lot of time_______ (watch) films on the computer every day.8. -What are you going to give him for his birthday?-Oh, my God. I_______ already_______ (forget) all about it.9. I'm sure the more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you_______ (make) next time.10. _______ you and your penfriend_______ (keep) writing to each other formany years?五、完形填空（10分）It's easier to go downhill than to climb uphill, so it's easier to fall into bad habits(习惯) than into good 1 .Bad habits do not come 2 .They come little by little, so you don't know their 3 . Schoolboys first pick up little bad habits at 4 and on the streets. When they cannot do their homework, they copy(抄写) from their 5 .If they see bigger boys smoking, they 6 want to learn to smoke. If they see their friends gambling(赌博), they want to gamble. When they get 7 , the habits become stronger and stronger. Then they can no longer give them up. 8 copying, they learn to tell lies; from gambling, they learn to cheat(欺骗). 9 no one believes them. How 10 it is that we stop the bad habits at the beginning!( ) 1. A. one B. ones C. other D. others( ) 2. A. slowly B. usually C. exactly D. suddenly( ) 3. A. danger B. idea C. plan D. hope( ) 4. A. work B. school C. home D. night( ) 5. A. parents' B. teachers' C. classmates' D. students'( ) 6. A. still B. too C. yet D. also( ) 7. A. thinner B. fatter C. older D. younger( ) 8. A. In B. With C. Of D. From( ) 9. A. At last B. At first C. At least D. At most( )10. A. possible B. important C. difficult D. easy六、阅读理解（20分）(A)"Dream may be more important than sleep. We all need to dream, " some scientists (科学家) say.Dream takes up (占据）about 25% of our sleeping time. People have a few dreams each night. Dreams are like short movies. They are usually in colour. Some dreams are like old movies. They come to us over and over again. That may be because the dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer.Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They may think about their work all day. These thoughts (想法) can carry over into dreams. Sometimes we wake up with a good feeling from a dream. But often we can't remember the dream.Too much dreaming can be harmful (有害). The more we sleep, the longer we dream. The mind is hard at work when we dream. That is why we may have a long sleep and till wake up tired.( ) 1. It may be less important to sleep than to _______.A. thinkB. dreamC. workD. study( ) 2. Dreams and films are usually _______.A. very longB. very sadC. about workD. in colour( ) 3. Why do some people often dream about their work?A. Because they are tired in the daytime.B. Because the are not interested in their work.C. Because they may be thinking about their work all day.D. Because they have too much work to do.( ) 4. The main idea of the story is _______.A. what the dream isB. people like to sleepC. dreams are like moviesD. we always remember dreams( ) 5. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Sleeping without dreams takes up about 25% of our sleeping time.B. When we dream, the mind doesn't work.C. Too much dreaming .is good for health.D. We may be still tired after a long sleep.(B)Can we live without salt? No, salt is very important to us. We need salt in our food. Animals need it, too. Most of the salt in our country comes from the sea. People dig（挖）very big pools and let sea water in. When the sun dries up the water, people can get salt from the ground. The salt is white, clean and beautiful.There are a lot of salt wells（井）in Sichuan. A salt well is much like a water well. People bring the well water up to the ground and then dry it in big jars（坛子）over fire. In this way, they get salt．We can also get salt from salt mines（矿）.A salt mine may be found under the ground. Some years ago, people in Jiang xi found a big salt mine and soon opened it. People there don't need salt from other places any more.In the northwest of our country, there are many salt lakes. Some of these lakes are very big. The salt even in one big lake will be enough for our people for centuries.( )6.We can't live without salt, so_______A. we must eat a lot of saltB. it is Very important to usC. animals need it, tooD. there is salt in all our food( )7.We get most of the salt from_______A. salt lakesB. sea waterC. salt we11sD. salt mines( )8.People in Sichuan get salt from_______A. jarsB. fireC. salt wellsD. water wells( )9.Not long ago, a big salt mine was found and openedA. in SichuanB. in JiangxiC. in the northwest of ChinaD. beside these( )10.The best title for this article isA. SaltB. Why We Need SaltC. Salt Is ImportantD. We Need Salt七、完成句子(15分)1．这儿过去曾是一些开阔的空地。
