《大学英语（1）》阶段练习二及答案华东理工大学网络教育学院《大学英语（1）》阶段练习2（一级）（Unit 3-Unit 4）Part I Vocabulary and structureDirections: Choose the best one from the four choices to complete the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1.We have been focusing on the research and development of new products to meet the ______changing demands of our customers.A. constantlyB. convenientlyC. closelyD. chiefly2.Feelings of depression can have a significant ______ on one’s work, health, and enjoyment oflife.A. insectB. impactC. importanceD. indeed3.The twin brothers are so alike that even their closets friends can hardly ______ betweenthem.A. extinguishB. treatC. markD. distinguish4.During the trip he proved himself to be an amusing ______, full of wit and humor.A. conditionB. commentC. complaintD. companion5.Animals cannot ______ for long without adequate water and food.A. intendB. tendC. surviveD. insist6.Clever criminals can find ways to break computer codes and ______ millions of dollars totheir accounts.A. differB. referC. transferD. offer7.In many situations, we have asked and answered some pretty ______ questions.A. toughB. touchC. troubleD. trust8.Everyone thought that it was odd for her to ______ the well-paid job – they did not know shefound a better one.A. quiteB. quitC. quiltD. quote9.Sometimes more money will not solve a problem, and in fact, it may ______ make theproblem worse.A. partlyB. deeplyC. actuallyD. recently10.I can ______ you that the medicine is very effective and can relieve your headache.A. sureB. ensureC. insureD. assure11.Sam wants to dine at this restaurant, so I’d better ______a table in advance.A. reserveB. conserveC. preserveD. deserve12.When people drive to work, they usually choose from a small number of ______ routes,depending on traffic conditions.A. privateB. singleC. favoriteD. total13.All of us, especially the youth, should learn how to ______time and use it efficiently.A. cherishB. adoptC. packD. withdraw14.To ______ the deadline, they have to work overtime for at least two weeks.A. meetB. getC. takeD. catch15.He could have finished the report on ______, but somehow he fell behind.A. planB. expectationC. scheduleD. date16.Jack doesn’t know how to use the washing machine. Can you ______ him ______?A. bring … backB. help … outC. get … overD. turn … down17.The doctor and the nurses tried hard to ______ the wild patient ______.A. br ing … upB. calm … downC. hold … onD. take … into18.How long do you think it will take a patient to ______ thepain after the operation?A. work outB. break offC. come downD. get over19.Never ______ until tomorrow what can be done today.A. call offB. put offC. take offD. break off20.Don’t be too hard ______ the students; they have tried their best.A. inB. withC. atD. on21. A foreigner is incapable ______ becoming president of the United States.A. toB. forC. ofD. in22.As a student, you should focus your attention ______ your study rather than how you dressyourself every day.A. toB. inC. atD. on23.Remember to send me a photo of us next time you ______to me.A. are writingB. will writeC. has writtenD. write24.--- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.--- Thanks. You ______ it. I could manage it myself.A. needn’t doB. needn’t have doneC. mustn’t doD. shouldn’t have done25.The editor told the reporter to write a ______ report.A. two-thousand-wordsB. two-thousands-wordsC. two-thousand-wordD. two thousand words26.The secretary worked late into the night, ______ a long speech for the president.A. to prepareB. preparingC. prepareD. was preparing27.Without your help, I ______ in my English study.A. would not have succeededB. hadn’t succeededC. will not succeedD. won’t have succeeded28.The monitor made a proposal that the whole class ______ the matter.A. discussedB. would discussC. be discussedD. discuss29.Those ______ make the best use of their time are more likely to succeed.A. whichB. whatC. whomD. who30.The graduating students are busy ______ material for their reports.A. collectB. collectingC. collectedD. to collect31.It wasn’t until nearly a month later I received the manager’s reply.A. sinceB. whenC. thatD. as32.______ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.A. ImprovingB. To improveC. ImproveD. Having improved33.She thought I was praising her son, ______ as a matter of fact, I was scolding him for his badbehaviors at school.A. whileB. thereforeC. whichD. so that34.Not until he came back ______.A. I could fall asleepB. could I fall asleepC. I had fallen asleepD. had I fallen asleep35.From what is mentioned above we can draw a conclusion ______ theory must be combinedwith practice.A. whatB. whichC. howD. thatPart II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Dolphins (海豚) are not fish, but warm-blooded animals. They live in groups, and speak to each other in their own language. In this they are like other animals, such as bees and birds. But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals. Their brain is nearly the same size as our own, and they live a long time --- at least twenty or thirty years.Like some animals, dolphins use sound to help them findtheir way around. They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food. We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds, but the lower part of the mouth, called the jaw.Strangely, dolphins seem to like man, and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people.There is a story about sailors in the 19th century. In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack. From 1871 to 1903 Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way. Then in 1903 a passenger on a boat called “The penguin” shot and wounded Jack. He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the area --- except for “The Penguin”.Today, some people continue to kill dolphins, but many countries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them.36.Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they ______.A. live in groupsB. have large brainsC. are warm-bloodedD. have their own language37.Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around?A. Its nose.B. Its ears.C. Its mouth.D. Its eyes.38.Why did the sailors off the coast of New Zealand look forJack?A. He was lonely and liked to be with people.B. They enjoyed playing with him.C. He was seriously wounded.D. They wanted his help39.By telling the story of Jack the writer wanted to show that ______.A. dolphins are friendly and cleverB. people are cruel to animalsC. Jack is different from other dolphinsD. dolphins should be protected by law40.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Dolphins have their own language.B. Dolphins use a part of their mouth to find their way around.C. In many countries one will break the law if he/she kills a dolphin.D. It took Jack nine years to recover after it was wounded by the shot in 1903.Passage 2Not everyone in the world requires the same amount of living space. The amount of space a person needs around him is a cultural difference, not an economic one. Knowing your own psychological space needs is important because they strongly affect your choices, including, for example, the number of bedrooms in the home. If you were brought up in a two-child family, and both you and your sister or brother had your own bedrooms, the chances are, if you have two children or more, that you also will offer separate bedrooms for them. In America, for example, they train people to want to have their own rooms bygiving them their own rooms when they are babies. This is very rare in the world. In many other countries, the baby sleeps in the same bed with his parents or in a bed near them.The space in the home also shows a lot about psychological space needs. Some families gather closer to each other and the size of their house has nothing to do with it. Others have separate little corners where family members go to be alone.Although it is true that psychological space needs are not decided by economic reasons, they sometimes have to be changed a little because of economic pressures. It is almost impossible, however, to completely change your psychological space needs.41.The passage is chiefly concerned with ______.A. American way of livingB. living conditions in different countriesC. space requirements in different culturesD. space requirements and economic factors42.According to the author, the amount of living space a person needs is decided by ______.A. his cultural backgroundB. the relationship between the family membersC. his financial situationsD. how many rooms there are in his house43.The example of American families seems to suggest that ______.A. Americans are more eager to be alone when they are at homeB. psychological space needs are developed when one is very youngC. it is advisable to let the baby sleep with his parentsD. it is advisable to let the baby sleep in a separate room44.Some families gather close to each other at home because ______.A. they have limited living spaceB. it satisfies their psychological space needsC. they have been brought up in a small familyD. they haven’t small corners for themselves45.According to the author, psychological space needs ______.A. will change as one’s incomes are reducedB. will change if you move to a smaller houseC. can be changed at willD. cannot be changed completelyPassage 3People and the sources of air pollution are found in the same places. This means that cities with large populations have the biggest problem of dirty air. Air pollution is caused by many different things. A major source of air pollution is the gas fumes (烟) from cars. Statistics show that 93 percent of all auto trips are within cities. Another major source of dirty air is the burning of coal and oil for energy. This energy is needed to make electricity. Of course, much more electricity is used in the city than in the country.On the average, we throw away more garbage than the year before. The burning of garbage contributes to air pollution. Many major industries are also responsible for the dirty air in the cities. The fumes from iron, steel, chemical, and petroleum production add pollution to the air.The effects of air pollution range from slight headaches to death. The levels of pollution found in heavy traffic may cause headaches for loss of clear vision. Wherever coal and oil are usedfor fuel, fumes may kill trees and plants and cause metal to corrode (腐蚀). In some of the larger cities, these fumes endanger the lives of human beings by contributing to lung diseases and causing early death.46.The key point of the passage is that ______.A. the cause of air pollution is peopleB. the causes and the effects of air pollution are both found in citiesC. the effects of air pollution range from headaches to deathD. air pollution is caused by dirty air47.What is the purpose of this passage?A. To persuade people to stop polluting the air.B. To tell the causes of air pollution.C. To tell why cities are bad places to live in.D. To describe how people living in cities feel about polluted air.48.Why is air pollution more serious in the city than in the country?A. Because there are larger population in cities.B. Because the air in the city is dirty.C. Because there are more cars in the city.D. Because there are much more gas fumes from cars and burning of coal and oil for energyin the city than in the country.49.The fumes from coal and oil may cause metal ______.A. to turn blackB. to become rustyC. to corrodeD. to twist50.In larger cities, the fumes from coal and oil may contributeto ______.A. lung diseasesB. heart diseasesC. loss of clear visionD. serious headachePassage 4A man once sa id how useless it was to put advertisements in newspapers. “Last week,” said he, “my umbrella was stolen from a London church, it was a present, I spent twice its worth in advertising, but did not get it back.”“How did you write your advertisement?” asked one of the listeners, a merchant.“Here it is,” said the man, taking out of his pocket a slip from a newspaper. The other man took it and read, “Lost an umbrella from the City church, the man who finds it will receive ten shillings leaving it at No. 10 Br oad Street.”“Now,” said the merchant, “I often advertise and find that it pays me well. But the way in which an advertisement is expressed is of extreme importance. Let us try your umbrella again, and if it fails, I’ll buy you a new one.”The merchant the n took a slip of paper out of his pocket and wrote: “If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening does not wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. He is well known.”This appeared in the paper, and on the following morning, the man was astonished when he opened the front door. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors that had been thrown, and his own was among them. Many of them had notes fastened to them saying that they had been taken bymistake, and begging the loser not to say anything about the matter.51.What is an advertisement?A. A news item.B. A public announcement in the press, on TV, etc.C. One way to voice one’s view.D. Public opinions.52.The man once thought advertising was ______.A. of little useB. of some useC. practicalD. valuable53.Why did the merchant say “I often advertise and find that it pays me well”?A. Because he knew how to advertise.B. Because he had more money for advertising.C. Because he found it easy to advertise.D. Because he had a friend in the newspaper where he advertised.54.Did the merchant know who had taken the umbrella?A. Sure.B. Not very sure.C. Not at all.D. Probably.55.This is a story about ______.A. a useless advertisementB. how to make an effective advertisementC. how the man lost and found his umbrellaD. what the merchant did for the umbrella ownerPart III ClozeDirections: There are 20 blanks in each of the following passages. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1I do a lot of management training each year for the Circle K Company. Among the 56__ we discuss in our classes is the 57 of quality employees.“What has caused you to stay _58 enough to become a manager?” I asked. After a while a new manager took the 59 and said slowly, “It was a baseball glove.”Cynthia said she used to 60 a Circle K clerk job as an interim (临时的) one while she looked for something 61 . On her second day behind the counter, she received a(n) 62__ from her nine-year-old son, Jessie. He 63 a baseball glove for the little League. She 64__ that as a single mother, money was 65 , and her first check would have to go for paying __66 .When Cynthia arrived for work the next morning, Patricia, the store manager asked her to come to her small office and handed her a box. “I overheard you 67 to your son yesterday,” she said, “a nd I know that it is 68 to explain things to kids. This is a baseball glove for Jessie. I know you have to pay bills 69 you can buy gloves. You know we can’t 70__ good people like you as 71 as we would like to; but we do 72 and I want you to know how 73 you are to us.”Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people 74 more how much a(n) 75 cares than how much he pays.56. A. topics B. problems C. difficulties D. lessons57. A. employing B. praising C. keeping D. improving58. A. soon B. long C. strong D. calm59. A. position B. decision C. question D. advice60. A. take B. change C. lose D. consider61. A. lighter B. easier C. better D. higher62. A. letter B. call C. answer D. email63. A. bought B. kept C. needed D. offered64. A. complained B. explained C. understood D. admitted65. A. short B. enough C. spare D. tight66. A. food B. education C. clothes D. bills67. A. talking B. crying C. arguing D. scolding68. A. easy B. hard C. simple D. nice69. A. after B. until C. when D. before70. A. value B. remain C. pay D. fire71. A. much B. many C. pleasant D. possible72. A. regret B. agree C. worry D. care73. A. excellent B. important C. thankful D. thoughtful74. A. remember B. refuse C. thank D. realize75. A. mother B. clerk C. official D. manager2Venus (金星) is often the _76_ object in the morning or evening sky. It is also one of the __77_ objects to the earth: only the moon and, _78_ , Mars are nearer to us than Venus. Why, then, do we know so little about it?The reason is _79_ the surface of Venus is always covered _80_ a thick layer of clouds. These clouds brilliantly reflect the light _81_ reaches them from the sun and make theplanet __82 very bright to us. We are not sure about _83_ the clouds contain, and we don’t know _84_ the surface of Venus 85 look like.One _86_ suggestion is that the clouds of Venus _87_ be vapors of oil. Our earth clouds _88_ water ---because ourtemperature is just _89_ to turn a little of _90_ seas into vapor. The temperature on Venus, _ 91 _ is four times as hot as boiling water, is quite high enough to _92_ some kinds of oil in to vapors. If Venus had any “seas”, they cannot be seas of water. The water there _93_ away millions of years ago. _94_ they may be “sea” of heavy oil. Some kinds of oil would need to be hotter than Venus before they _95_ boil.76. A. brightest B. nearest C. smallest D. biggest77. A. smallest B. brightest C. nearest D. biggest78. A. however B. but C. sometimes D. then79. A. why B. how C. which D. that80. A. in B. by C. over D. on81. A. of which B. that C. this D. it82. A. seem B. to seem C. seeming D. seems83. A. what B. that C. the thing D. which84. A. when B. how C. where D. what85. A. must B. might C. ought to D. should86. A. good B. basic C. better D. interesting87. A. may B. can C. must D. would88. A. are composed of B. are made up of C. are made of D. are consisted of89. A. high enough B. as high enough C. enough high D. enough high as90. A. ours B. our C. their D. my91. A. that B. as C. which D. this92. A. rotate B. alter C. turn D. revolve93. A. should have boiled B. ought to have boiledC. must have boiledD. would have boiled94. A. Hence B. So C. But D. Therefore95. A. would B. will C. may D. mightPart IV Word FormationDirections: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the words given in the brackets and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.96.I turned off all the lights in the apartment so that my bedroom was ______ dark. (complete)97.All these experiences have made him a ______ man, and one of the world’s most legendaryleaders. (mystery)98.His later stories are not interesting because of their poverty of ______. (imagine)99.The company will go bankrupt (破产) sooner or later because of its poor ______. (manage) 100.Tom had a very ______ look when his father told him they would not go to the movies.(disappoint)101.Several small businesses combined to form a large ______ company (power)102.The ______ of the atomic theory by physicists has led to many scientific discoveries. (accept) 103.Our foreign policy is to maintain ______ relations with all countries. (friend)104.The government tried hard to seek ways to reduce pollution and increase ______. (efficient)105.I often stay at home reading and writing at night, but ______ I may go to see a movie with my friend. (occasion) 106.The members said nothing, with the ______ that they didn’t like the proposal. (imply)Part V TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English.107.这间诊所不仅对职员和家属开放，还对外开放。
