20XX年同等学力考试英语阅读理解练习题(1)-在职申硕英语考试.doc
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同等学力申硕英语真题及答案一、听力理解1. A) The man is looking for a new job.B) The man is planning to start his own business.C) The man is considering taking a vacation.D) The man is discussing his career plans with a friend.答案:B2. A) The woman is late for the meeting.B) The woman is worried about the weather.C) The woman is concerned about her presentation.D) The woman is discussing her travel plans.答案:C二、词汇与语法3. The company has recently ________ a new marketing strategy.A) implementedB) demonstratedC) speculatedD) deteriorated答案:A4. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work was ________on schedule.A) postponedB) acceleratedC) delayedD) maintained答案:D三、阅读理解Passage 1In the past decade, the use of renewable energy sources has grown significantly. This trend is driven by the increasing awareness of environmental issues and the need for sustainable development. Governments around the world are investing in research and development to improve the efficiency of renewable energy technologies.5. What is the main reason for the growth in renewable energy use?A) Economic benefitsB) Environmental concernsC) Technological advancementsD) Government policies答案:B6. What does the passage suggest about the future of renewable energy?A) It will be replaced by nuclear energy.B) It will continue to grow.C) It will face significant challenges.D) It will be limited to certain regions.答案:BPassage 2The digital transformation of businesses has led to an increase in the demand for skilled professionals in the field of information technology. Companies are now seeking individuals with expertise in areas such as data analysis, cybersecurity, and artificial intelligence to stay competitive in the global market.7. What is the primary focus of the passage?A) The impact of digital transformation on businesses.B) The need for skilled professionals in IT.C) The challenges faced by companies in the digital age.D) The role of artificial intelligence in business.答案:B8. According to the passage, what are companies looking for in potential employees?A) Experience in traditional industries.B) Knowledge of data analysis and cybersecurity.C) Proficiency in foreign languages.D) Expertise in marketing and sales.答案:B四、写作9. Write an essay on the topic "The Importance of Lifelong Learning in the 21st Century". Your essay should be no less than 300 words.答案:Lifelong learning has become an essential aspect of personal and professional development in the 21st century. With the rapid pace of technological advancements and the ever-changing global landscape, individuals must continuously update their skills and knowledge to remain relevant and competitive. This essay will discuss the importance of lifelong learning and its impact on individuals, organizations, and society as a whole.Firstly, lifelong learning enables individuals to adapt to new technologies and work environments. As industries evolve and new job roles emerge, the ability to learn and apply new skills is crucial for career advancement and job security. For instance, professionals in the field of software development must continuously learn about new programming languages and frameworks to stay current in their field.Secondly, organizations benefit from a workforce that engages in lifelong learning. A skilled and knowledgeable workforce can lead to increased productivity, innovation, and competitiveness. Companies that invest in the professional development of their employees are more likely to attract and retain top talent, which in turn contributes to the overall success of the organization.Lastly, society as a whole benefits from a population that values lifelong learning. A well-educated and skilled workforce can drive economic growth, improve public health, and foster social cohesion. Moreover, lifelong learning promotes a culture of curiosity and critical thinking, which is vital for addressing complex social issues and fostering a sense of civic responsibility.In conclusion, lifelong learning is not just a personal endeavor but a collective responsibility. It is essential for individuals to stay competitive, for organizations to thrive, and for society to progress. As we navigate the challenges and opportunities of the 21st century, the commitment to lifelong learning will be a key determinant of success.请注意,以上内容仅为示例,实际的同等学力申硕英语真题及答案可能会有所不同。
在职申硕(同等学力)英语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1. Dialogue Communication 3. V ocabulary 4. Reading Comprehension 5. Cloze 6. Error Detection 7. Translation 9. WritingPaper OneDialogue CommunicationSection ADirections: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.1.A: You Americans are funny! It seems as if you were married to your cars. B: ______. I was reading that there are about millions of cars in our country now.A.Yes. We are mad with cars and we are called the country on wheels.B.Yeah, I guess that’s true. The country is becoming one big parking lot.C.That’s ridiculous for you to say so!D.You are exaggerating!正确答案:B解析:根据答话下半句可以推断选择B项,意思是“是啊,我想没错。
在职申硕同等学力英语真题及答案一、听力部分本部分共有四个小节,每个小节听两遍。
第一节:听下面一段对话,回答问题。
现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题:What is the woman planning to do tomorrow?答案:She is planning to go shopping.解析:从对话中可以听出,女士打算明天去购物。
第二节:听下面一段对话,回答问题。
现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题:Where does the conversation take place?答案:In a restaurant.解析:从对话中可以听出,这段对话是在一个餐厅进行的。
第三节:听下面一段对话,回答问题。
现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题:What is the woman doing this weekend?答案:She is going to visit her parents.解析:从对话中可以听出,女士计划这个周末去看望她的父母。
第四节:听下面一段对话,回答问题。
现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题:What will the man do next?答案:He will go to the bank.解析:从对话中可以听出,男士接下来要去银行。
二、阅读部分本部分共有三个小节,阅读每篇短文后回答相关问题。
第一节:阅读短文,回答问题。
现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题:What is the main purpose of the text?答案:To introduce a newly-opened restaurant.解析:从短文中可以看出,文章的主要目的是介绍一家新开的餐厅。
第二节:阅读短文,回答问题。
现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题:What do we learn about Antonio in the text?答案:He used to live in the UK.解析:从短文中可以得知,Antonio曾经住在英国。
【经典】在职申硕同等学力英语真题及答案在职申硕同等学力英语真题及答案Section 1: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions below:Passage 1:There is growing concern about the impact of air pollution on human health. Air pollution is caused by a mix of chemicals, particulate matter, and biological material that can harm both human health and the environment. It is mainly released from industrial and vehicle emissions, as well as from burning fossil fuels.Question 1: What are the main sources of air pollution?Answer: The main sources of air pollution are industrial and vehicle emissions, as well as burning fossil fuels.Question 2: What can air pollution harm?Answer: Air pollution can harm both human health and the environment.Passage 2:Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperature, rainfall patterns, and weather conditions experienced in a particular region. It is primarily caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Climate change has significant implications for ecosystems, agriculture, and human health.Question 3: What are the primary causes of climate change?Answer: The primary causes of climate change are human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.Question 4: What are the implications of climate change?Answer: Climate change has significant implications for ecosystems, agriculture, and human health.Section 2: Listening ComprehensionListen to the following recordings and answer the questions below:Recording 1:Speaker 1: Have you finished the report on time?Speaker 2: Yes, I completed it yesterday. I've sent it to the team for review.Question 1: When did Speaker 2 complete the report?Answer: Speaker 2 completed the report yesterday.Question 2: What did Speaker 2 do after completing the report?Answer: Speaker 2 sent it to the team for review.Recording 2:Speaker 1: I'm really stressed about the upcoming exam. I feel like I haven't studied enough.Speaker 2: Don't worry too much. You've been studying consistently and I'm sure you'll do well.Question 3: How does Speaker 1 feel about the upcoming exam?Answer: Speaker 1 feels stressed and feels like they haven't studied enough.Question 4: What does Speaker 2 say to comfort Speaker 1?Answer: Speaker 2 tells Speaker 1 not to worry too much and assures them that they have been studying consistently.Section 3: WritingWrite a short essay (approximately 500 words) on the following topic:Topic: The Impact of Technology on EducationIntroduction:Technology has revolutionized the field of education, transforming the way students learn and teachers teach. In this essay, we will explore the positive and negative impacts of technology on education.Body Paragraph 1: Positive Impacts of Technology on EducationTechnology has made education more accessible and flexible. With the internet, students can access vast amounts of information at their fingertips, allowing for self-paced learning. Online learning platforms and educational apps provide interactive and engaging content, making learning more enjoyable and effective. Additionally, technology has expanded educationalopportunities, enabling distance learning and connecting students from different parts of the world.Body Paragraph 2: Negative Impacts of Technology on EducationDespite the numerous advantages, technology also has its drawbacks. One major concern is the potential for excessive screen time, which may lead to health issues such as eye strain and decreased physical activity. The reliance on technology may also hinder interpersonal communication and social interaction skills. Moreover, the digital divide, where not all students have equal access to technology and the internet, creates disparities in educational opportunities.Conclusion:In conclusion, technology has revolutionized education, bringing numerous benefits and challenges. It is crucial to harness the positive impacts of technology while addressing its negative consequences. Educators and policymakers must strive to ensure equal access to technology and promote its responsible use to maximize its potential in enhancing education.Note: The word count for the essay is approximately 239 words. Please expand the essay according to your preferred word limit.。
Section A的细节题What did you study at university?If it was something along the lines of law or business,you might want to look away now.That’s because according to new research, which has found a link between our university subjects and our personalities,you have selfish,uncooperative tendencies and are not very in touch with your feelings. On the plus side,you’re probably the life and soul of a party,the findings suggest.Researchers analyzed data from more than13,000university students who were involved in12separate studies.From this,they discovered a correlation between the “Big Five”major personality traits and the subjects they were enrolled on.For example,those studying law,economics,political science and medicine tended to be much more outgoing than those taking other subjects,the study found. But when it came to“agreeableness”-the tendency towards being helpful,generous and considerate-the lawyers scored particularly low,as did business and economics students.Arts and humanities students,as well as those studying psychology and politics scored highly for openness,meaning they were curious,imaginative and in touch with their inner feelings,while economists,engineers,lawyers and scientists scored comparatively low.However,the arts and humanities students also tended to be less conscientious and more nervous,typically exhibiting signs of anxiety and moodiness. Psychology students were not far behind arts and humanities students for these traits.Study author Anna Vedel,from the University of Aarhus in Denmark,said she was surprised by the results.“The effect sizes show that the differences found are not trivial,far from,”she said.“On the more humorous side they do confirm our more or less prejudicial stereotypes of the disturbed psychologist,the withdrawn natural scientist,the cynical economist.”And she said that the findings could help those school pupils who currently have no idea what to study at university,as well as helping academics to plan their lectures.“I’m not arguing that these results should play a major role in either guidance or selection,but it might provide some inspiration for students that are in doubt bout study choices and want to make a choice based on more than abilities,for example,”said Dr Vedel.“Or teachers might better understand their student population.”25.According to Anna Vedel,the research may help____________.A.students make wise choices in finding jobsB.teachers understand their students betterC.students make presentations more academica1lyD.school pupils go to better universitiesIn1902,Georges Méliès made and released a movie called A Trip to the Moon. In this movie,the spaceship was a small capsule,shaped like a bullet,that was loaded into a giant cannon and aimed at the moon.This movie was based on a book that came out many years earlier by an author named Jules Veme.One of the fans of the book was a Russian man,KonstantinTsiolkovsky.The book made him think.Could one really shoot people out of a cannon and have them get safely to the moon?He decided one couldn’t,but it got him thinking of other ways one could get people to the moon.He spent his life considering this problem and came up with many solutions.Some of Tsiolkovsky’s solutions gave scientists in America and Russia ideas when they began to think about space travel.They also thought about airplanes they and other people had made,and even big bombs that could fly themselves very long distances.Many scientists spent years working together to solve the problem.They drew and discussed different designs until they agreed on the ones that were the best.Then, they built small models of those designs,and tested and tested them until they felt ready to build even bigger models.They made full-scale rockets,which they launched without any people inside,to test for safety.Often the rockets weren’t safe, and they exploded right there on the launch pad,or shot off in crazy directions like a balloon that you blow up and release without tying it first.After many,many tests, they started to send small animals into space.Only after a long time did they ever put a person inside a rocket and shoot him into space.Even after they began sending people into space,scientists were still trying to improve the shape of the rockets.The design changed many times,and eventually ended up looking like a half-rocket and half-airplane.The machine called space shuttle was used for many years.Now,the government lets private companies try their own designs for spaceships,and they have come up with many different, crazy-looking machines.36.In the movie A Trip to the Moon,the spaceship was sent to themoon____________.A.in a capsuleB.in a bulletC.by a cannonD.by a gun37.The movie was based on a book written by__________________.A.Konstantin TsiolkovskyB.an unknown authorC.Georges MélièsD.Jules VemeThe payroll register constitutes the treasurer department’s authority to pay the employees.Payment is usually made in the form of a check drawn on the company’s regular bank account.Pre-numbered payroll checks should be used,and there should be independent verification of the agreement of the checks with the payroll register in detail and in total.Payroll checks should be distributed directly to employees,on proper identification,by treasurer’s department personnel.The checks should not be returned to payroll for distribution since the payroll department would then have control overboth preparing and paying the payroll.Alternatively,payroll checks may be deposited directly in the employee’s checking account.Payment of employees in cash is the exception rather than the rule.This form of payment is more easily influenced by errors,irregularities,and robbery than payment by check.Following payment,check numbers are entered on the register,the preparation and payment of the payroll are programmed on a computer.A termination notice should be issued by the personnel department on the completion of an individual’s employment with the company.Copies of the termination authorization should be sent to the employee’s supervisor and to payroll, and a copy should be filed in the employee’s personnel record.The proper execution of this function is vital in preventing terminated employees from continuing on the payroll.The subsequent diversion of such payroll checks to an unauthorized individual has been responsible for many payroll cheat through the years.Every company is expected to fulfill the legal requirements relevant to the filing of payroll tax returns and the payment of the resulting taxes.Ordinarily,the payroll department prepares the tax returns and a check is issued through the guarantor system in payment of the taxes.The responsibility for the filing of returns before due dates should be assigned to a payroll department supervisor.Furthermore,there should be independent verification within that department of the accuracy and completeness of the return.Effective control over tax returns is necessary to avoid penalties for late or incorrect filings.1.Payroll checks should be_______________.A.identified by treasurer’s department personnelB.distributed to employees by the company’s bankC.sent to employees directly and responsibly by postD.deposited regularly in the employee’s account2.Which of the following statements may NOT be the weakness of payment in cash?A.It’s easily affected by mistakes.B.It may be distributed irregularly.C.There is possibility of robbery.D.It can be done conveniently.“Clean your plate!”and“Be a member of the clean-plate club!”Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent.Often,it’s accompanied by an appeal:“Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!”Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food.Unfortunately,many people in the US take a few too many bites.Instead of saying“clean the plate”,perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.According to news reports,US restaurants are partly to blame for the growing bellies.A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer,with two to four times the amount recommended by the government,according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that.They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather thantoo little.Barbara Rolls,a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University,told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the1970s,the same time that the American waistline began to expand..Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions.Now, apparently,some customers are calling for this too.A restaurant industry trade magazine reported last month that57percent of more than4,000people surveyed believed restaurants serve portions that are too large;23percent had no opinion;20 percent disagreed.But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can’t afford fine dining still prefer large portions.Seventy percent of those earning at least$150,000per year prefer smaller portions.But only45percent of those earning less than$25,000want smaller.It’s not that working class Americans don’t want to eat healthily.It’s just that after long hours at low-paying jobs,getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal.They live from paycheck to paycheck,happy to save a little money for next year’s Christmas presents.1.Why do American restaurants serve large portions?A.Because Americans associate quantity with value.B.Because Americans have big bellies.C.Because Americans are good eaters.D.Because Americans are greedy.2.Which of the following is Not true of working class Americans?A.They work long hours.B.They live from paycheck to paycheck.C.They don’t want to be healthy eaters.D.They want to save money for children.实战演练For many years,people believed that the brain,like the body,rested during sleep. After all,we are rendered unconscious by sleep.Perhaps,it was thought,the brain just needs to stop thinking for a few hours every day.Wrong.During sleep,our brain-the organ that directs us to sleep-is itself extraordinarily active.And much of that activity helps the brain to learn,to remember and to make connections.It wasn’t so long ago that the regretful joke in research circles was that everyone knew sleep had something to do with memory-except for the people who study sleep and the people who study memory.Then,in1994,Israeli researchers reported that the average performance for a group of people on a memory test improved when the test was repeated after a break of many hours-during which some subjects slept and others did not.In2000,a Harvard team demonstrated that this improvement occurred only during sleep.There are several different types of memory-including declarative(fact-based information),episodic(events from your life)and procedural(how to do something)-and researchers have designed ways to test each of them.In almost every case, whether the test involves remembering pairs of words,tapping numbered keys in a certain order or figuring out the rules in a weather-prediction game,“sleeping on it”after first learning the task improves performance.It’s as if our brains squeeze in some extra practice time while we’re asleep.This isn’t to say that we can’t form memories when we’re awake.If someone tells you his name,you don’t need to fall asleep to remember it.But sleep will make it more likely that you do.Sleep-deprivation experiments have shown that a tired brain has a difficult time capturing memories of all sorts.Interestingly,sleep deprivation is more likely to cause us to forget information associated with positive emotion than information linked to negative emotion.This could explain,at least in part,why sleep deprivation can trigger depression in some people:memories stained with negative emotions are more likely than positive ones to“stick”in the sleep-deprived brain.Sleep also seems to be the time when the brain’s two memory systems-the hippocampus(海马体)and the neocortex(新皮质)-“talk”with one other. Experiences that become memories are laid down first in the hippocampus, eliminating whatever is underneath.If a memory is to be retained,it must be shipped from the hippocampus to a place where it will endure-the neocortex,the wrinkled outer layer of the brain where higher thinking takes place.Unlike the hippocampus, the neocortex is a master at weaving the old with the new.And partly because it keeps incoming information at bay,sleep is the best time for the“undistracted”hippocampus to shuttle memories to the neocortex,and for the neocortex to link them to related memories.1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?A.The brain is very active during sleep.B.The brain functioned in the same way as the body.C.The brain needs to stop for a few hours every day.D.The brain rested during sleep.2.We can infer from the2000Harvard report thatA.people can only improve their memory by more sleepB.sleep of only a few hours proves useless to improve memoryC.researchers didn’t agree with the conclusion of the1994Israeli reportparisons were made between subjects who slept and those who didn’t3.What can researchers do to test different memory types?A.They can test all memory types at the same time.B.They can only test a certain type of memory.C.They can test each type of memory in different ways.D.They can reach different conclusions with different methods.4.If someone is long deprived of sleep,he will certainlyA.suffer depressionB.forget joyful memoriesC.form no new memoriesD.find it hard to remember5.A temporary memory won’t become an enduring one unless____________.A.it reaches the hippocampusB.it is transferred to the neocortexC.it is captured during sleep timeD.it eliminates the memory under it。
在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)一、阅读理解阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
Passage 1Scientists are learning more about the effects of stress on our bodies. Long-term stress may increase the risk of obesity(肥胖), heart disease, and even asthma, according to new research.Stressful experiences---such as mental illness in a family, unemployment, poverty, or abuse---continue to affect our health and well-being far longer than the actual event. This is becoming a major concern for public health professionals.Researchers at the University of California discovered that childhood stress could permanently affect a person’s DNA. They found that kids who went through traumatic (创伤性的) experiences at a young age had shorter telomeres(端粒)than tho se who hadn’t. Telomeres are the protective tips at the end of our DNA, and shorter telomeres are linked to a variety of health problems. The researchers concluded that early childhood trauma has a lasting impact on our overall health.In another study, scientists in Sweden measured the stress levels of 17,000 adults, and then tracked them for 11 years. The results showed that the most stressed-out participants had a 45% higher risk of developing heart disease. The study also revealed that those with stressful jobs were more likely to take sick leave due to heart problems.Furthermore, researchers in New Zealand found that children who suffered ongoing stress before the age of 15 had a higher chance of developing asthma later in life. This finding suggests that reducing stress in early childhood could have long-term health benefits.Overall, these studies emphasize the need for stress reduction strategies and interventions, particularly in high-risk populations. Whether through therapy, meditation(冥想), or lifestyle changes, it is essential that we find healthy ways to manage and cope with stress to protect our long-term health.1. According to the passage, long-term stress may lead to _______.A. mental illnessB. shorter telomeresC. unemploymentD. poverty答案:B解析:根据第一段中的“Long-term stress may increase the risk of obesity(肥胖), heart disease, and even asthma, according to new research.”可知,长期的压力可能会增加肥胖、心脏病甚至哮喘的风险,选项B中的“shorter telomeres”(更短的端粒)对应文章中提到的短端粒与健康问题有关。
同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语-阅读理解(四)(总分:30.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、专项练习(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、Passage One(总题数:1,分数:6.00)The worst thing about television and radio is that they entertain us, saving us the trouble of entertaining ourselves.A hundred years ago, before all these devices were invented, if a person wanted to entertain himself with a song or a piece of music, he would have to do the singing himself or pick up a violin and play it. Now, all he has to do is turn on the radio or TV. As a result, singing and music have declined.Italians used to sing all the time. Now, they only do it in Hollywood movies. Indian movies are mostly a series of songs and dances wrapped around silly stories. As a result, they don"t do much singing in Indian villages anymore. Indeed, ever since radio first came to life, there has been a terrible decline in amateur singing throughout the world.There are two reasons for this sad decline: One, human beings are astonishingly lazy. Put a lift in a building, and people would rather take it than climb even two flights of steps. Similarly, invent a machine that sings, and people would rather let the machine sing than sing themselves. The other reason is people are easily embarrassed. When there is a famous, talented musician readily available by pushing a button, which amateur violinist or pianist would want to try to entertain family or friends by himself?These earnest reflections came to me recently when two CDs arrived in the mail: They are historic recordings of famous writers reading their own works. It was thrilling to hear the voices from a long dead past in the late 19th century. But today, reading out loud anything is no longer common. Today, we sing songs to our children until they are about two, we read simple books to them till they are about five, and once they have learnt to read themselves, we become deaf. We"re alive only to the sound of the TV and the stereo.I count myself extremely lucky to have been born before TV became so common. I was about six before TV appeared. To keep us entertained, my mother had to do a good deal of singing and tell us endless tales. It was the same in many other homes. People spoke a language; they sang it, they recited it; it was something they could feel.Professional actors" performance is extraordinarily revealing. But I still prefer my own reading. Because it"s mine. For the same reason, people find karaoke liberating. It is almost the only electronic thing that gives them back their own voice. Even if their voices are hoarse and hopelessly out of tune. At least it is meaningful self-entertainment.(分数:6.00)(1).The main idea of this passage is that ______.(分数:1.00) and radio can amuse us with beautiful songs and music and radio have weakened our interest in entertaining ourselvesC.people should not be too lazy or embarrassed to singD.parents should sing songs and read books aloud to their children(2).According to the passage, Indians ______.(分数:1.00)A.only sing songs in HollywoodB.are no longer fond of musicC.only sing and dance in villagesD.don"t sing much nowadays(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason for the decline in amateur singing?(分数:1.00)A.It is easier for people to please themselves with songs through TV.B.People don"t want to take the trouble to sing songs themselves.C.Amateurs feel shy if they cannot sing as well as the professionals.D.Famous and talented musicians are always willing to entertain people.(4).On hearing the voices of the famous writers of a long time past, the author was ______.(分数:1.00)A.very excitedB.very frightenedC.very nervousD.very surprised(5).By stating "We are alive only to the sound of the TV and the stereo" in paragraph 5, the author means ______.(分数:1.00)A.we come back to life at the music provided by the TV and the stereoB.we only perceive the music provided by the TV and the stereoC.we should sing more than listen to the TV and the stereoD.we should listen to more music on the TV and the stereo(6).The author"s attitude toward karaoke is ______.(分数:1.00)A.negativeB.positiveC.neutralD.indifferent三、Passage Two(总题数:1,分数:6.00)If those " mad moments "— when you can"t recall what your friend has told you or where you left your keys—are becoming more frequent, mental exercises and a healthy brain diet may help. Just as bodies require more maintenance with the passing years, so do brains, which scientists now know show signs of aging as early as the 20s and 30s. "Brain aging starts at a very young age, younger than any of us have imagined and these processes continue gradually over the years," said Dr. Gary Small, the director of the Center on Aging at the University of California, Los Angeles. "I"m convinced that it is never too early to get started on a mental or brain-fitness program," he added.In his book, "The Memory Bible," the 51-year-old neuroscientist lists what he refers to as the 10 commandments for keeping the brain young. They include training memory, building skills, minimizing stress, mental exercises, brain food and a healthy lifestyle. It"s a game plan for keeping brain cells sparking and neural networks in tip-top shape."Misplacing your keys a couple of times doesn"t mean you should start labeling your cabinets. Memory loss is not an inevitable consequence of aging. Our brains can fight back," he said. Small provides the weapons for a full-scale attack. According to him, simple memory tests give an indication of what you are up against and tools such as look, snap and connect are designed to make sure that important things such as names and dates are never forgotten. "So if you want to learn names and faces, for example, you meet Mrs. Beatty and you notice a distinguishing facial feature, maybe a prominent eyebrow," said Small. "You associate the first thing that comes to mind. I think of the actor Warren Beatty so I create a mental snapshot of Warren Beatty kissing her brow. "Small admits it may sound a bit strange but he says it works. " Mental exercises could be anything from doing crossword puzzles and writing with your left hand if you are right handed or learning a language. It could be anything that is fun that people enjoy doing", he added.He also recommends physical exercise, a low-fat diet and eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, such as fish, walnuts and Brazil nuts, and fruits and vegetables high in antioxidants (抗氧化剂) including blueberries and onions in addition to reducing stress.(分数:6.00)(1).By saying "I think of the actor Warren Beatty so I create . . . her brow" (Paragraph 5), Dr. Small is trying to explain how to use the memory tool of ______.(分数:1.00)A.impressing rapidlyB.minimizing stressC.connecting related thingsD.observing carefully(2).According to Dr. Small, ______.(分数:1.00)A.left-handers may start brain aging later than right-handers doB.learning a foreign language does not help to keep our brain from getting oldC.doing crossword puzzles is a good way to keep us from memory lossD.mental exercises plus healthy diet alone cannot keep us from brain aging(3).The "mad moments" in the first paragraph refers to when we ______.(分数:1.00)A.have some mental problemsB.have lost our important thingsC.don"t listen to what our friends tell us to doD.fail to remember what should be remembered(4).In this passage, the author mainly tells us that ______.(分数:1.00)A.everyone can be forgetful sometimes regardless of one"s ageB.we can prevent our sound mind from aging with certain methodsC.brain aging starts from the time when we are in our 20s and 30sD.memory loss is a sign that shows we are getting old(5).According to this passage, ______.(分数:1.00)A.the game plan for keeping brain cells sparking doesn"t work for everyoneB.Dr. Small"s memory tests can show you what to do about brain agingC.Dr. Small"s advice can help us fight brain aging effectivelyD.our brains can reconstruct memories themselves(6).In the fifth paragraph, the author mainly ______.(分数:1.00)A.provides us with the weapons for attacking othersB.introduces the tools that help us fight against memory lossC.tells us about the important things we should never forgetD.explains the facial features useful for us to remember people四、Passage Three(总题数:1,分数:6.00)Through the years, our view of what leadership is and who can exercise it has changed considerably. Leadership competencies have remained constant, but our understanding of what it is, how it works, and the ways in which people learn to apply it has shifted. We do have the beginnings of a general theory of leadership, from history and social research and above all from the thoughts of reflective practitioners such as Moses, Julius Caesar, and James Madison, and in our own time from such disparate sources of wisdom as Gandhi, Winston Churchill, Mao Tse-tung, and Henry Kissinger, who have very little in common except that they have not only been there but tried with some fairness to speculate on paper about it.But tales and reflective observation are not enough except to convince us that leaders are physically strong and abnormally hard workers. Today we are a little closer to understanding how and who people lead, but it wasn"t easy getting there. Decades of academic analysis have given us more than 350 definitions of leadership. Literally thousands of empirical investigations of leaders have been conducted in the last seventy-five years alone, but no clear understanding exists as to what distinguishes leaders from non-leaders, and perhaps more important, what distinguishes effective leaders from ineffective leaders and effective organizations from ineffective organizations.Never have so many labored so long to say so little. Multiple interpretations of leadership exist,each providing a fragment of insight but each remaining an incomplete and wholly inadequate explanation. Most of these definitions don"t agree with each other, and many of them would seem quite remote to the leaders whose skills are being examined. Definitions reflect fashions, political tides and academic trends. They don"t always reflect reality and sometimes they just represent nonsense. It"s as if what Braque once said about art is also true of leadership: "The only thing that matters in art is the part that cannot be explained. "Many theories of leadership have come and gone. Some looked at the leader. Some looked at the situation. None has stood the test of time. With such a track record, it is understandable why leadership research and theory have been so frustrating as to deserve the label " the La Brea Tar Pits " of organizational inquiry. Located in Los Angeles, these asphalt pits house the remains of a long sequence of prehistoric animals that came to investigate but never left the area.(分数:6.00)(1).In regard of leadership competencies, the author suggests that people have ______.(分数:1.00)A.believed in their existenceB.learned to apply them extensivelyC.found it very difficult to acquire themD.been unable to realize their importance(2).Several big names are mentioned in the first paragraph mainly to show their ______.(分数:1.00)A.different styles of leadershipB.effective exercise of leadershipC.contributions to the theory of leadershipD.wisdom in applying the theory of leadership(3).According to the author, people"s opinions of leadership are on the whole quite ______.(分数:1.00)A.dividedB.originalC.misleadingD.sophisticated(4).The author thinks that ______.(分数:1.00)A.many people have labored to be leadersB.leaders are beyond our understandingC.the essence of leadership has not been graspedD.the definitions of leadership should vary(5)."The La Brea Tar Pits" in paragraph 4 probably signifies things that ______.(分数:1.00)A.can be traced back to the prehistoric ageB.are traps for those who want to inquireC.are located in one place foreverD.don"t deserve full investigation(6).This passage is mainly concerned with ______.(分数:1.00)A.the inconsistent theories of leadershipB.the famous leaders and their theoriesC.the changes in the trend of leadershipD.the inaccurate definitions of leadership五、Passage Four(总题数:1,分数:6.00)Without question there are plenty of bargains to be had at sales time—particularly at the top-quality shops whose reputation depends on having only the best and newest goods in stock each season. They tend, for obvious reasons, to be the fashion or seasonal goods which in due coursebecome the biggest bargains.It is true that some goods are specially brought in for the sales but these too can provide exceptional value. A manufacturer may have the end of a range left on his hands and be glad to sell the lot off cheaply to shops; or he may have a surplus of a certain material which he is glad to make up and get rid of cheaply; or he may be prepared to produce a special line at low cost merely to keep his employees busy during a slack period. He is likely to have a good many "seconds" available and if their defects are trifling these may be particularly good bargains. Nevertheless, sales do offer a special opportunity for sharp practices and shoppers need to be extra critical. For example the "second" should be clearly marked as such and not sold as if they were perfect. (The term "substandard", incidentally, usually indicates a more serious defect than "seconds".) More serious is the habit of marking the price down from an alleged previous price which is in fact fictitious. Misdescription of this and all other kinds is much practiced by the men who run one day sales of carpets in church halls and the like. As the sellers leave the district the day after the sale there is little possibility of redress . In advertising sales, shops may say "only 100 left" when in fact they have plenty more; conversely they may say "10 000 at half-price" when only a few are available at such a drastic reduction. If ever the warning "let the buyer beware" were necessary it is during sales.(分数:6.00)(1).Which kind of goods can be among the best bargains?(分数:1.00)A.Cheapest goods.B.Newest goods.C.Seasonal goods.D.Goods in stock.(2).The second paragraph deals with all of the following types of goods EXCEPT ______.(分数:1.00)A.surplus goodsB.low-cost goodsC.the end lot goodsD.exceptionally valued goods(3).In order to maintain his business during a bad time, a manufacturer may ______.(分数:1.00)A.have his goods produced at low costB.sell his goods at a very- low priceC.have his employees sell his goodsD.try to produce high quality goods(4).The passage suggests that "seconds" ______.(分数:1.00)A.are of better quality than "substandard goods"B.attract buyers as particularly good bargainsC.are defective but marked as perfectD.are goods with serious defects(5).The word "redress" in paragraph 4 probably means ______.(分数:1.00)A.dressing againB.change of addresspensation for something wrongD.selling the same product at different prices(6).During sales shoppers should ______.(分数:1.00)A.find the best bargains at every opportunityB.beware of being cheatedC.buy things that are necessaryD.pay more attention to the price六、Passage Five(总题数:1,分数:6.00)How many of today"s ailments, or even illnesses, are purely psychological? And how far can these be alleviated by the use of drugs? For example a psychiatrist concerned mainly with the emotional problems of old people might improve their state of mind somewhat by the use of anti-depressants but he would not remove the root cause of their depression—the feeling of being useless, often unwanted and handicapped by failing physical powers.One of the most important controversies in medicine today is how far doctors, and particularly psychologists, should depend on the use of drugs for "curing" their patients. It is not merely that drugs may have been insufficiently tested and may reveal harmful side effects (as happened in the case of anti-sickness pills prescribed for expectant mothers) but the uneasiness of doctors who feel that they are treating the symptoms of a disease without removing the disease itself. On the other hand, some psychiatrists argue that in many cases (such as chronic depressive illness) it is impossible to get at the root of the illness while the patient is in a depressed state. Even prolonged psychiatric care may have no noticeable effect whereas some people can be lifted out of a depression by the use of drugs within a matter of weeks. These doctors feel not only that they have no right to withhold such treatment, but that the root cause of depression can be tackled better when the patient himself feels better. This controversy is concerned, however, with the serious psychological illnesses. It does not solve the problem of those whose headaches, indigestion, backache, etc. are due to "nerves". Commonly a busy family doctor will ascribe them to some physical cause and as a matter of routine prescribe a drug. Once again the symptoms are being cured rather than the disease itself.It may be true to say, as one doctor suggested recently, that over half of the cases that come to the ordinary doctor"s attention are not purely physical ailments. If this is so, the situation is serious indeed.(分数:6.00)(1).The author thinks that drugs used for treating psychological ills ______.(分数:1.00)A.could be ineffective in some casesually have harmful side effectsC.can greatly alleviate the illnessesD.can remove the root causes(2).The controversy mentioned in the passage focuses on ______.(分数:1.00)A.whether psychologists should use drugs to cure their patientsB.how psychologists should treat their patientsC.the fact that all of the drugs have harmful side effectsD.the extent to which drugs should be used to fight psychological illness(3).The passage indicates that psychologists ______.(分数:1.00)A.find it impossible to remove a psychological diseaseB.feel dissatisfied at treating their patients with drugsC.believe that the root cause of a disease can be ignoredD.can do nothing if the patient is in a depressed state(4).When treating patients with psychological problems, some doctors feel that they ______.(分数:1.00)A.are at a loss for treatmentB.have no right to use drugsC.have to cure their patients by any meansD.should use drugs to treat the symptoms(5).A family doctor would normally consider a headache or backache as a result of ______.(分数:1.00)A.a more serious diseaseB.some emotional problemC.a physical disorderD.prolonged work(6).Regarding the situation of psychological problems the author feels ______.(分数:1.00)A.concernedB.hopelessC.surprisedD.disappointed。
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畅游题海后,力英语语试题试卷及答案同等学力英及答案力英同等学2020年在职在职申硕申硕申硕同等学一、同义词替换1.There will be a ten-minute interval halfway through the performance.A period()()B timeC length()D break()2.Most of Egypt's inhabitants live in the Nile valley and delta, with the rest of the country sparsely populated.A randomly()B thinly()()C denselyD evenly()3.The hotel owner was authorized to sell alcoholic drinks in his hotel.A inclined()B prepared()C required()()D licensed4.Your lawyer's presence in the court room is critical since he may prevent you from being misdirected.()A impressiveB wonderful()()C favorableD crucial()15.Some books are not for you to leaf through, but for you to think through.A browse()B appreciate()C recommend()()D debate6.I was denied access to my account after I typed in the wrong password three times in a row.A abandoned()B delayed()C warned()D refused()7.Lots of people make long-distance commuting to work daily in big cities.A contact()B discussion()C travel()D call()8.Guests at Four Seasons Hotels can enjoy delicious meals served on fine china.()A delicateB special()()C shiningD desirable()9.The energy value of dried fruits is considerably in excess of that of fresh items. ()A short ofB equal to()C more than()D different from()10.When disasters like this happen, we set aside whatever petty disagreements we may have. ()A discuss2B retain()C reveal()D dismiss()二、阅读理解It sounds like something straight out of a science fiction movie or a silly cartoon:a futuristic traveling tube that can quickly shoot people wherever they want to go, inside a tiny pod. But this may be just around the corner for people looking for a faster, easier, and cheaper-than-ever way to travel.South African-American inventor and billionnaire Elon Musk, who, in the past, has worked on both private space flight and electric cars, recently announced he has been working on the design of this traveling tube, which could forever change the way we travel the world.In an interview, Musk described the new tube as a fifth kind of transportation. "We have planes, trains, automobiles, and boats, he explained. "What if there was a fifth mode?1 have a name for it. It's called the Hyperloop.…This system I have in mind can never crash, is immune to weather, it goes three or…four times faster than the bullet train it goes at an average speed of twice what an aircraft would do. You would go from downtown L. A. to downtown San Francisco in under 30 minutes.People using the Hyperloop would shoot around in pods, which are each just oversix-and-a-half feet across, and the pods would travel through tubes located either above round or under water.The Hyperloop could even run 24/7, be cheap, and allow people to travel on their own schedule. People could show up at the Hyperloop station whenever they want and be quickly sent on their way.Additionally Musk believes the Hyperloop could be completely powered by the sun making—it more environmentally friendly than cars, airplanes, or train systems. Someday it could3possibly move people between the East and West Coasts of the United States in less than an hour. Eventually the Hyperloop would be able to move people around the world.Musk is not the first person outside of science fiction novelists to dream up vacuum tube technology for moving people. The idea has been around for some time, and inventors in other countries, including China, are reportedly working on similar technology.11.The phrase just around the corner (Para.1) means____________.A preferable()B forthcoming()C reliable()D available()12.The pod mentioned in the passage is a(n)___________.A tube-shaped music player()B wireless earphone()C engine that provides a driving force()D vehicle that carries passengers()13.Which of the following is NOT true of Elon Musk?()A He draws insights from science fictions.B He has tried his hand at space flight.()C He has manufactured electric cars.()D He cares for environmental protection.()14.What can be learned about the Hyperloop?()A It could be developed at a low cost.B It would remind people of their schedule.()()C It could operate round the clock.D It would run at regular intervals.()15.China is mentioned in the last paragraph in order to________________.()A demonstrate that it is an innovative countryB give an example of those working on similar technology()4C show a successful model of vacuum tube traveling()D indicate a potential for international cooperation()How are you feeling today? I've got a few aches and pains, but nothing serious. However, when things become more critical, I would normally book myself an appointment with my doctor —although by the time I get to see him, the problem will have probably gone away. That's because in the UK at least, we usually have to wait a few days before the doctor can fit us in.Luckily today, technology has come to our rescue. There are thousands of apps available on our smartphones that can offer first aid advice and allow us to self-diagnose our sickness —ranging from a simple cold or flu to some exotic disease. And together with the internet, we have an ocean of medical information at our fingertips.But is too much knowledge a good thing? By reading up on an illness, we discover its side-effects and what could happen in a worst-case situation. More worrying is that we give ourselves the wrong diagnosis, and then worry ourselves sick that we're going to die. This health anxiety, fueled by the internet, is called cyberchondria. It gives sufferers a deep fear of diseases and, according to experts, it's on the rise. Professor Peter Tyrer from Imperial College London said, We find that approximately four out of five of our patients with health anxiety spend literally hours on the internet. One of the first things we do in treatment is to tell them to stop browsing the internet.A study a few years ago also found many doctors felt intimidated by the increasing numbers of web-wise patients arriving in surgeries. One doctor admitted to not being very happy about patients using the internet, saying, They all seemed to come to me with things I'd never heard of and very often with things which seem rather bizarre or inappropriate. Of course there is no doubt, the world wide web has most of the information we need to diagnose our symptoms, but Doctor Tyrer points out, it doesn't have any judgment associated with it. This is why having a consultation with a doctor face-to-face still has its benefits.It would seem then that a virtual online doctor can prescribe a dose of useful advice, but technology hasn't replaced the human medical expert just yet.516.What does the author try to emphasize in Paragraph 1?A The low efficiency of the healthcare system.()B The tips for making appointments with doctors.()C The treatment for common health problems.()D The critical challenges for general hospitals.()17.Cyberchondria (Para.3) can be defined as__________.A overdependence on the internet for medical advice()B too much knowledge about health problems()C health concerns caused by online information()D incorrect diagnosis based on web knowledge()18.According to the doctors, cyberchondria____________.A can be prevented()B is not unusual()C is hard to predict()D may not last long()19.How do doctors in general feel about web-wise patients?()A They are surprised at patients' wise use of online information.B They are frightened by patients' blind trust of internet information.()()C They are satisfied with patients' sufficient knowledge about diseases.D They are troubled by patients' excessive search for health information.()20.According to Doctor Tyrer, what is the problem with online medical information? ()A It is usually not sufficient.B It is not always accurate.()C It fails to give judgment.()D It provides too much information.()Many of the major supermarket chains have come under fire with accusations of various unethical acts over the past decade. They've wasted tons of food. They've underpaid their6suppliers and they've contributed to excessive plastic waste in their packaging, which has had its impact on our environment.But supermarkets and grocers are starting to sit up and take notice. In response to growing consumer resentment against the huge amounts of plastic waste generated by plastic packaging, some of the largest UK supermarkets have signed up to a pact promising to transform packaging and cut plastic wastage. In a pledge to reuse, recycle or convert all plastic wastage by 2025, supermarkets are now beginning to take some responsibility for the part they play in contributing to the damage to our environment, with one major supermarket announcing their plan to eliminate all plastic packaging in their cwm-brand products by 2023.In response to criticisms over food waste, some supermarkets are donating some of their food surplus. However, charities estimate that they are only accessing two percent of supermarkets' total food surplus, so this hardly seems to be solving the problem. Some say that supermarkets are simply not doing enough. Most supermarkets operate under a veil of secrecy when asked for exact figures of food wastage, and without more transparency it is hard to come up with a systematic approach to avoiding waste and to redistributing surplus food.Some smaller companies are now taking matters into their own hands and offering consumers a greener option. Shops like Berlin's Original Unverpakt and London's Bulk Market are plastic-free shops that have opened in recent years, encouraging customers to use their own containers or convertible bags. Online grocer Farmdrop eliminates the need for large warehouses and the risk of huge food surplus by delivering fresh produce from local farmers to its customers on a daily basis via electric cars, offering farmers the lion's share of the retail price.There is no doubt that we still have a long way to go in reducing food waste and plastic waste. But perhaps the major supermarkets might take inspiration from these smaller grocers and gradually move towards a more sustainable future for us all.21.Which is NOT mentioned as an unethical act of major supermarket chains?7()A Wasting large amounts of food.B Producing excessive plastic waste.()C Underpaying their suppliers.()D Selling goods of poor quality.()22.The word pact(Para.2) is closest in meaning to ______________.A agreement()B organization()C campaign()D program()23.According to Paragraph 3, supermarkets' donation of their food surplus___________.A receives high praises()()B is considered as a good charityC is regarded as not doing enough()D arouses more criticisms()24.Farmdrop is mentioned as an example that provides_____________.A plastic-free bags and containers()B easier access to fresh produce()C a great variety of healthy foods()D goods at more competitive prices()25.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that_____________.A some businesses are reluctant to reduce their waste()B major supermarkets refuse to do public good()C some small companies better protect the environment()D a more sustainable future for all is soon to come()We all know people who say they have "no sense of direction". Yet for some people that:description is true in all circumstances If they take a single wrong turn on an established route they often become totally lost. This happens even when they are just a few miles from where they live.8This condition is called developmental topographic disorientation ( DTD), the inability to orient within the environment. It didn't even have a formal name until 2009, when Giuseppe laria reported his first case in the journal Neuropsychologia.Ellen Rose had been a patient of mine for years before I realized that she had this life-long learning disability. Like other people with DTD, she can follow a route in pieces, but it never becomes part of a larger spatial understanding. That's because she does not have a larger spatial understanding of her environment.I asked her to draw a diagram of the second floor of the house she shares with her daughter and son-in-law. It was a difficult task for her (she lives on the first floor but is very familiar with the second). She described her effort not as a bird looking down from above, but as a spider crawling across the paper tracing a route from one room to the others. Ellen has always wondered what was wrong with her. She knew that when others ascribed her problems to simply not paying attention they were mistaken. She worried that her problems in traveling might be a sign of something more serious than just getting lost easily, but had no idea what that might be.Finding out that she had DTD was a relief. Knowing that something has a name can be a liberating experience. All of a sudden it is a thing, a concept with defining characteristics. It is in a way, a kind of map.26.What is the relation between Ellen and the author?A Student and teacher.()B Subject and researcher.()C Employee and employer.()D Patient and doctor.()27.It can be learned that people with DTD____________.()A are unable to find their position in an environmentB find it difficult to remember where they have been()C dislike traveling to a faraway place on their own()()D are characterized by their inability to concentrate928.From Ellen's difficulty in drawing her own house, we can infer that__________.A observing from high above is more effective than from the bottom()B common people tend to perceive a space from a bird's eye view()C it is useful to get familiar with our living environment()()D people with DTD have a poor sense of vision29.How did Ellen feel about her DTD?A She had a clear idea what it was and how to deal with it.()()B She worried that she might misunderstand people around her.C She thought she could improve her condition by paying more attention.()D She was afraid that it might bring problems other than disorientation.()30.The word "map" in the last paragraph probably means____________.A cure()B design()()C proposalD clue()Face masks are one of the best defenses against the spread of COVID-19, but their growing adoption is having a second, unintended effect breaking facial recognition algorithms(:算法).Wearing face masks that adequately cover the mouth and nose causes the error rate of some of the most widely used facial recognition algorithms to rise to between 5 percent and 50 percent, a study by the US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has found. Black masks were more likely to cause errors than blue masks, and the more of the nose covered by the mask, the harder the algorithms found it to identify the face."We need to understand how face recognition technology deals with masked faces," said the author of the report and NIST computer scientist. "We have begun by focusing on how大流行病an algorithm developed before the pandemic () might be affected by subjects wearing face masks. Later this summer, we plan to test the accuracy of algorithms that were intentionally developed with masked faces in mind "10Facial recognition algorithms such as those tested by NIST work by measuring the distances between features in a target's face. Masks reduce the accuracy of these algorithms by removing most of these features, although some still remain. This is slightly different from how facial recognition works on iPhones, for example, which use depth sensors for extra security, ensuring that the algorithms can't be fooled by showing the camera a picture (a danger that is not present in the scenarios NIST is concerned with).Comment 1:Well, that's one good thing to come out of the pandemic. Mass surveillance is nonsense. Time to pair masks up with sunglasses to deliver the decisive stroke.Comment 2:Wearing face masks that adequately cover the mouth and nose causes the error rate of some of the most widely used facial recognition algorithms to rise sharply Rubbish technology! I would've never guessed.Comment 3:步态There's a reason why some country is already using gait() analysis. Facial recognition is too easy to block or to fool.Comment 4:Pretty soon they are going to do analysis. With the development of AI, there will be…a way out.Comment 5:The AI's getting better, though, so soon it won't matter. Just like how you can pick out a relative or close friend even in bad CCTV footage, so too can AI. Your height, walking gait, mannerisms, voice, ears, clothing, etc, all add up to YOU.31.What is the passage mainly about?A The best way to defend against COVID-19.()B Efforts to improve facial recognition technology.()C Methods to fool the facial recognition system.()D The impact of masks on facial recognition accuracy.()1132.The NIST study found that compared with blue masks, black masks___________.A were more widely used by the public()B caused more errors in facial recognition()C provided better protection against the virus()D required less complex algorithms()ment 1 seems to be__________.A in favor of the rules for wearing face masks()B in favor of the facial recognition technology()C against the wide use of facial recognition()D against the requirements for wearing face masks()34.Which comment views the current facial recognition technology with contempt?A Comment 2.()B Comment 3.()C Comment 4.()D Comment 5.()35.Which of the following is positive about the future technological advance?()A Comment 2 and Comment 3.B Comment 1 and Comment 4.()()C Comment 3 and Comment 5.D Comment 4 and Comment 5.()三、完形填空The English countryside has a classic image. People imagine that life in the country is slow and calm; that there are no traffic jams, no pollution, and no crime. In some places, 【】this is true; but in C1_________it is not.【】Small towns and villages are becoming more and more C2_________; people have more【】space and most houses have gardens. But problems are C3_________. Lots of people want【】to live in the country and work in the city; so more and more people travel C412_________distances each day, to go to work. Of course they don't use buses or trains; they【】use cars. Little villages now have traffic problems in the morning, just C5_________big cities!The problems are very complicated! If everyone moves into the country, the peace of 【】the countryside will C6_________! People leave cities and big towns, to escape from urban【】problems; but more and more, they are C7_________their problems with them. On warm summer【】days, and cold winter days, air pollution can be a big problem in large C8_________of the south of England, not just in London.C9_________for the future. Soon Britain's population will stop rising.Perhaps there is【】From about the year 2030, it will perhaps start to fall. In 100 years' time, there will—be less people in Britain than today perhaps two million less. No doubt there will be C10_________pollution too; oil and petrol will probably be rare by then.【】【】36.C1()A otherB the others()C others()D another()【】37.C2A famous()B beautiful()()C secureD popular()【】38.C3()A decliningB growing()C solved()D involved()【】39.C413()A farB short()C remote()D long()【】40.C5A like()()B asC for()D to()【】41.C6A arise()B emerge()()C continueD disappear()【】42.C7()A developingB bringing()C causing()D creating()【】43.C8A parts()B places()C cities()D blocks()【】44.C9A fear()B plan()()C hope14()D vision【】45.C10A more()B less()C much()D Few()四、英译汉46. Personality is the pattern of thoughts, feelings and behaviors unique to a person. People tend to think of personality as fixed. But according to psychologists, that's not how it works. Personality is a developmental phenomenon. It's not just a static thing that you're stuck with and can't get over. That's not to say that you're a different person each day you wake up. In the short term, change can be nearly impossible to be perceived. Long-term studies, in which researchers survey the personalities of participants regularly over many years, suggest that our personality is actually stable on shorter time scales.五、作文47.Write an essay in no less than 150 words on the topic What are the Benefits and:Disadvantages of Online Learning? You could write according to the hints given below. Write your essay on the Answer Sheet.As the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic seems to be here to stay, we perhaps have to choose online instruction sometimes. The mode of instruction and learning may have its advantages, but…六、完成文章A. connectedB. healthyC. immune15Phrases:【】A.eating T1________meals at regular times【】B.can also impair our T2_______system function【】C.are T3_______to the body clock【】A lack of quality sleep not only affects how we feel during the daytime, but T4_______, which is vital in protecting us from common viral illnesses. Efforts needed to【】sleep well that include following a sleep routine, T5_______ and not drinking too much coffee. All of these things are really interconnected in terms of their function. All of them T6_______The body is like an orchestra where there's an orchestra leader that's 【】sort of the main timer, but everybody else is playing it together and they're optimizing what they are doing.48.T1【】A()()BC()【】49.T2A()B()C()【】50.T3()AB()C()51.T4【】A()B()C()【】52.T516A()B()C()【】53.T6()AB()C()A. shareB. demandsC. forcePhrases:【】A.true happiness T7_________that we have it in our lives【】B.they freely T8_________their ups and downs【】C.as it is a driving T9_________in our natureOne of the basic needs we have as humans is to connect with others. We have done this【】since the beginning of time T10_________Close intimate friendships fill that need. There is simply no replacement for this in our lives. You can't buy it, borrow it or steal it, 【】but T11_________Experts found that people who can name several close, supportive friends friends with whom T12_________live with greater health and happiness.—【】—【】54.T7()AB()C()55.T8【】A()B()C()【】56.T917A()B()C()【】57.T10()AB()C()58.T11【】A()B()C()【】59.T12A()()BC()A. futureB.shapeC. formD. safetyPhrases:A.will adjust themselves for your T13_________and comfort【】【】B.will T14_________the way we live in astonishing waysC.mimicked human T15_________and thinking【】【】D.gains a truer glimpse of our robotic T16_________Tiny technologies are a key to the future of robots, The old science-fiction notion【】of a robot pictured a large machine that T17_________But a visitor to the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at Cambridge T18_________In this microworld, scientists and【】engineers are building new machines in other fields such as medicine and aerospace. Soon,18you'll be driving smart car and living in smart home that T19_________It is already clear【】【】that our tiny new tools T20_________By "thinking small," scientists and dreamers are enlarging and enriching the future for all of us.【】60.T13A()B()()CD()【】61.T14A()B()C()()D【】62.T15A()()BC()D()【】63.T16A()B()C()D()【】64.T17A()B()C()()D1965.T18【】A()B()()CD()【】66.T19A()B()C()D()【】67.T20A()B()C()D()七、短对话A. Are you kidding?B. I'll go over to the gym too.C. I want to do some running.:【】Steve I'm going over to the gym,D1___________:Joseph Why don't you run outside?:【】Steve D2________Do you know how cold it is today?:Joseph Yeah, I suppose. I guess it isn't healthy to run in this weather.:Steve No, it's not. Not at all. I'd probably freeze my lungs.:【】Joseph Wait a minute.D3___________:Steve You?Joseph Yes, why not? Just let me get my gym clothes together.:20【】68.D1A()B()C()69.D2【】A()B()()C【】70.D3A()B()C()A. Well, I'm not really interested in going there.B. How about going to an Indian restaurant?C. Uh, here's something interesting.:Man So, what do you want to do tomorrow?:【】Woman Well, let's look at this city guide here.D4__________Why don't we first visit the art museum in the morning?Man Okay, I like that idea, and where do you want to eat lunch?::【】Woman D5__________The guide recommends one downtown a few blocks from the museum.:Man That sounds great. After that, what do you think about visiting the Zoo? Well, it says here that there are some very unique animals not found anywhere else.:【】Woman D6__________Why don't we take the subway down to the seashore and walk along :the beach? Man That sounds like a wonderful plan.【】71.D4A()()BC()2172.D5【】A()B()C()【】73.D6A()()BC()八、长对话A. Anyway, there must be some solution.B. But they don't have anything now.C. Have you tried some part-time job on campus?D. You don't have to tell me that.:Natasha I need to get a job, or I won't be able to stay here next semester. I don't know what to do.:【】Eric D7__________:Natasha What do you mean?Eric:I mean in the library, or in some information center. Often the university has part-time positions for foreign students.:【】Natasha Yes, I know. I tried that.D8__________:Eric Well, it's really hard since you're a foreign student. It's actually illegal for you to work in America.:【】Natasha D9__________I know I have the right to work for the university. That's legal. But they don't have a job. And it's illegal for me to work elsewhere.:【】__________You know there are many people working illegally in New York. Natasha:Eric D10But I need a pretty decent job. I need to make enough to pay my rent at least.【】74.D722。
同等学力申硕考试英语阅读理解冲刺练习及答案解析(1)阅读理解Learning disabilities are very common. They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.Since about 1970,new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things. There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward sign of the disorder. So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.In one study,researchers examined the brain of a learning-disabled person,who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things. One involved cells in the left side of the brain,which control language.These cells normally are white. In the learning-disabled person,however,these cells were gray. The researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together.The study was carried out under the guidance of Norman Geschwind,an early expert on learning disabilities. Doctor Geschwind proposed that learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain. He believed this side of the brain failed to develop normally. Probably,he said,nerve cells there did not connect as they should. So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires were crossed.Other researchers did not examine brain tissue. Instead,they measured the brain’s electrical activity and made a map of the electrical signals.Frank Duffy experimented with this technique at Children’s Hospital Medical Center in Boston. Doctor Duffy found large differences in the brain activity of normal children and those with reading problems. The differences appeared throughout the brain. DoctorDuffy said his research is evidence that reading disabilities involve damage to a wide area of the brain,not just the left side.1. Scientists found that the brain cells of a learning-disabled person differ from those of a normal person in .A. structure and functionB. color and functionC. size and arrangementD. color and arrangement2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. Learning disabilities may result from the unknown area of the brain.B. Learning disabilities may result from damage to a wide area of the brain.C. Learning disabilities may result from abnormal organization of brain cells.D. Learning disabilities may result from problems in the left side of the brain.3. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that .A. many factors account for learning disorderB. a learning-disabled person shows no outwardsignsC. reading disabilities are a common problem that affects 10 percent of the populationD. the brain activity of learning-disabled children is different from that of normal children4. Doctor Duffy believed that .A. he found the exact cause of learning disabilitiesB. the problem of learning disabilities was not limited to the left side of the brainC. the problem of learning disabilities resulted from the left side of the brainD. the problem of learning disabilities did not lie in the left side of the brain5. According to the passage we can conclude that further researches should be made .A. to investigate possible influences on brain development and organizationB. to study how children learn to read and write,and use numbersC. to help learning-disabled children to develop their intelligenceD. to explore how the left side of the brain functions in language learning。
在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷及答案在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷及答案一、阅读理解Passage 11. 【答案】A. reduce individual energy consumption.2. 【答案】D. discourage the construction of urban settlements.3. 【答案】C. it increases energy consumption.4. 【答案】C. areas with convenient public transportation.5. 【答案】B. make public transportation more accessible.Passage 26. 【答案】D. They allow for more creative thinking.7. 【答案】D. It limits the range of learning possibilities.8. 【答案】A. Increase the flexibility of the formal education system.9. 【答案】B. They complement each other.10. 【答案】C. Gain a broader understanding of the world.Passage 311. 【答案】D. Some employees might feel inadequate compared to others.12. 【答案】C. Providing them with training opportunities.13. 【答案】A. It provides a source of motivation and inspiration.14. 【答案】B. Encouraging employees to learn from each other.15. 【答案】D. Maintain a healthy work-life balance.二、完形填空16. 【答案】C. discovered17. 【答案】A. creation18. 【答案】D. praise19. 【答案】B. perspective20. 【答案】D. explore21. 【答案】C. forces22. 【答案】B. conveyed23. 【答案】A. possess24. 【答案】B. countless25. 【答案】D. strength26. 【答案】C. intense27. 【答案】A. promoting28. 【答案】D. thus29. 【答案】B. in return30. 【答案】C. leadership三、语法填空31. 【答案】to fight32. 【答案】that/which33. 【答案】but34. 【答案】in35. 【答案】had been exhausted36. 【答案】since37. 【答案】attracting38. 【答案】with39. 【答案】workers40. 【答案】to survive四、短文改错41. 【答案】latter → latterly42. 【答案】beginning → began43. 【答案】knowledge → knowledgeable44. 【答案】helpful → helpfully45. 【答案】when → where46. 【答案】safety → safely47. 【答案】better → best48. 【答案】else → otherwise49. 【答案】have experienced五、写作参考范文:In recent years, the number of people pursuing a Master's degree while working full-time has been steadily increasing, with the same standards as those who study full-time. This trend can be attributed to the numerous benefits it offers, including career advancement opportunities, personal development, and financial reasons.Firstly, one of the main advantages of pursuing a Master's degree while working is the opportunity for career advancement. In today's competitive job market, having a higher level of education is often a requirement for higher positions or promotions. By obtaining a Master's degree, individuals can enhance their skills and knowledge, making them more competitive and desirable to employers. This can open up new career opportunities and help them climb the corporate ladder.Secondly, pursuing a Master's degree while working allows individuals to continue their personal development. Education is not only about gaining knowledge but also about personal growth. Through academic studies, people can improve their critical thinking abilities, communication skills, and problem-solving capabilities. These skills are transferable and can benefit individuals in various aspects of their lives, both personally and professionally.Additionally, financial reasons play a significant role in the decision to pursue a Master's degree while working. Studying full-time often requires individuals to give up their jobs, resulting in a loss of income. By choosing to study while working, individuals can maintain a stable income while obtaining a higher degree. This provides financial security and reduces the burden of student loans or other forms of financial assistance.However, pursuing a Master's degree while working also presents challenges. The juggling act of balancing work, studies, and personal commitments can be demanding and often requires exceptional time management skills and discipline. It may require individuals to sacrifice leisure time and personal relationships. Nonetheless, with proper planning and dedication, it is possible to overcome these challenges and reap the benefits of this unique educational path.In conclusion, pursuing a Master's degree while working offers numerous advantages, including career advancement opportunities, personal development, and financial stability. It provides individuals with the chance to enhance their skills, expand their knowledge, and remain competitive inthe job market. Despite the challenges it may present, with determination and perseverance, this educational path can lead to a brighter future.。
2014年同等学力考试英语阅读理解练习题
(1)-在职申硕英语考试
2014年同等学力考试英语阅读理解练习题提供给各位考生参考,预祝大家取得好成绩!
Researchers have found that short, intense exercise sessions prove to be healthier than longer, more moderate sessions with an equal caloric burn.
The study found that activities like running and jumping reduced participants’risk of developing metabolic syndrome ( 代谢综合征) by two-thirds, compared with moderate activities like walking and leisurely bike rides that burned an equal number of calories.
Metabolic syndrome is a set of health conditions that significantly increase your risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes ( 糖尿病). Insulin ( 胰岛素) resistance and extra weight around the middle--that dreaded “belly fat”--are two major health conditions associated with the syndrome.
The researchers used data collected from l, 841 American adults. It is suggested that vigorous physical activity should be
emphasized in public health guidelines for exercise.
Currently, the non-profit organization Society for Exercise Physiology recommends 150 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week for adults aged 18-64.
Avoiding metabolic syndrome isn’t the only reason to change your exercise routine. One study found that gym goers who totaled 150 minutes of vigorous activity a week looked about l0 years younger than those who skip the gym altogether, while another study found that physical activity can cut the risk of breast cancer by up to 30 percent in older women at a healthy body weight.
Also in recent years, studies have determined that three minutes of intense exercise, three times a week, could be the equivalent to five one-hour sessions, reducing the risk of heart disease and diabetes.
Comment 1:
Exercising is very personal. Nobody can say which one suits you except yourself. I have been walking for 45-50 minute everyday for the past l0 years, and it’s fine with me now. I think walking is the best way to keep me healthy.
Comment 2:
Exercise is just like anything. Don’t overdo it but also don’t just use it as an excuse to say you are working out. It needs to be in a good range to give you a good sweat but don’t destroy yourself as well. The bottom line is to get out and exercise. It might not make you live longer but it definitely will make you healthier.
Comment 3:
Any exercise is good, short or long, fast or slow, especially the exercise in fresh air.
Comment 4:
I’ve always done 15-20mins but I don’t take breaks. I move from one machine to the next after my first round, I grab some water and then do a second round and then I’m finished. 20mins solid, only one water break.
练习题:
1. The main idea of the passage is that______.
A. short and intense exercise can avoid metabolic syndrome
B. intense exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease and
diabetes
C. shorter and more vigorous exercise can do better to health
D. metabolic syndrome can increase health disorders
2. According to the passage, metabolic syndrome ______.
A. is resulted from insulin resistance and the dreaded”belly fat”
B. can increase the risk of heart disease and diabetes
C. can be cured by short and vigorous exercise
D. is a kind of deadly disease
3. According to the passage, vigorous exercises can also______.
A. make people look younger
B. help people lose weight
C. help people save time
D. be more interesting
4. The writer of Comment 2 believes that_______.
A. the advice of the passage is not suitable for him
B. too much exercise can destroy people's health
C. different people should do exercise differently
D. people should exercise in an appropriate time and intensity
5. Which writer of the following comments does the same as advised in the passage?
A. The writer of Comment 1.
B. The writer of Comment 2.
C. The writer of Comment 3.
D. The writer of Comment 4.
参考答案:1.C 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.D
1 2。