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英语中“倍数〞的常用表达方式一、用times 表示倍数〔一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。
表示两倍的数，一般用twice 〕。
其句式有：(前三种为主)1. “… times ＋形容词/ 副词的比拟级＋than …〞例如：Line AB is three times longer than line CD.线段AB 是〔线段〕CD 的三倍长。
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.这个大厅比我们的教室大5 倍。
This rope is twice longer than that one．This hall is five times bigger than our classroom．The car runs twice faster than that truck．2. “… times +as + 形容词/ 副词的原级＋as …〞例如：This table is three times as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍长。
This dictionary is five times as thick as the one you borrowed from the library.这本词典的厚度是你从图书馆借的那本〔厚度〕的5 倍。
Asia is four times as large as Europe亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
This big stone is three times as heavy as that one．这块大石头的重量是那一块的三倍。
〔这块石头比那块重二倍〕The plane flew ten times as high as the kite．那架飞机飞行高度是那个风筝的十倍。
〔高出九倍〕3. “… times + the + 名词〔如：size，height，weight，length，width, age等〕＋of …〞例如：The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球的体积是月球的49 倍。
英语中如何表达倍数及其译法英语中如何表达倍数及其译法倍数否定1. 倍数 + as + 形容词或副词的原级 + as + 其他。
这种结构又常演变成下列两类：①倍数 + as + many + 可数名词复数 + as；②倍数 + as +much + 不可数名词 + as。
如：There are seven times as many people as I expected.是我预料的人数的七倍。
There is five times as much coffee in this glass as in that one.这个杯子里的咖啡是那个杯子里的五倍。
2. 倍数 + 形容词（或副词）的比较级 + than + 其他。
如：The hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 这个大厅的面积比我们教室大五倍。
3. 倍数 + the size / height / length / width. etc. + of + 其他。
如：This road is six times the length of that one. 这条路是那条路的六倍长。
4. 计量名词 + of + 名词 + be +倍数 + that + of + 其他。
如：The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。
5. 倍数+what从句。
如：The production is now three times what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的三倍。
6. 倍数 + more + 名词 + than +其他。
如：There are nine times more books in his bag than in yours.他书包里的书比你书包里的书多九倍。
数字翻译法（一）表示“不多不少”、“恰恰正好”（二）表示“大约”、“不确定”（三）表示“高于”、“多于”（四）表示“少于”、“差一些”、“不到”等（五）形容数目、数量多时的翻译（六）形容数目、数量少时的翻译（七）倍数的翻译（八）大数字的翻译The wire measures exactly twenty meters.The machine worked for ten whole days.The plane takes off at 8o’clock sharp.这条导线刚好20米长。
这台机器整整运转了10天时间。
这架飞机8点整起飞。
He earns a cool half million dollars a year.他一年收入整整50万美元。
Professor Johnson finished the experiment in twenty-four hours flat.约翰逊教授完成这一实验正好用了24小时。
（一）表示“不多不少”、“恰恰正好”、“整整”：exactly ，flat ，just ，sharp ，whole ，cool 等The T-shirt cost just 10 dollars. 买这个T 恤衫正好花了10美元。
It is nearly / toward (s)4 o’clock. It is somewhere about 4o’clock .The price of this new machine is on the border of/in the neighborhood of a thousand dollars.现在将近四点了。
现在四点左右。
这台新机器的价格约1000美元。
The book will only cost 15 dollars or so.这本书只要十五美元左右。
About /Some /Around /Round twenty passengers were killed in the road accident.这次交通事故中约有二十名旅客死亡。
For personal use only in study and research; not forcommercial use数量词的翻译方法和技巧(Translating Skills: Numbers)数词的翻译英汉两种语言表示数量的方法有时不同，翻译中不仅需要仔细推敲如何表达，有时还需要进行换算。
例如：1．ten thousand 万，one hundred thousand 十万, one hundred million 亿, one billion 十亿, ten billion 百亿2．hundreds of：数百thousands of：数千；成千上万tens of thousands of ：千千万万millions of：数百万；千百万millions of millions of 亿万与此相类似的还有一些表示数量的名词：decades：几十（年）scores：好几十；大量dozens：数打量词的翻译 1. 度量衡单位词的翻译：直接将量词译为对应的汉语。
例如：ton：吨gram：克foot：英尺inch：英寸 2. 普通名词作量词则应按语境来译，必须符合汉语的表达习惯。
例如：a piece of news：一则消息a colony of ants：一窝蚂蚁a cake of soap：一块肥皂 3. 翻译时增加量词。
例如： a chair：一把椅子a horse：一匹马a tree：一棵树 A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea.一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起。
倍数的翻译(Translating Skills: multiple)常见的倍数的翻译有倍数的增加和倍数的减少。
倍数的增加 1. n times +名词或+that of…, n times as … as…或v+ n times等可译成"是…的n倍”或"比…增加n-1倍”。
简析商务英语中数字和倍数的翻译【摘要】商务英语中数字和倍数的翻译是较为棘手的问题，因为英语和汉语在表达上方式迥异。
本文就这两个方面的知识和技巧作以下简要的探讨。
为商务活动中避免造成业主的损失或误会，同时一定程度上提高翻译工作者的专业知识水平和业务能力。
【关键词】商务英语数字倍数翻译商务英语中数字和倍数的翻译是较为棘手的问题，因为英语和汉语在表达上方式迥异。
一字之差，可能就会给雇主带来百万千万的损失，译者进而会惹得官司上身，因此，提高翻译工作者的专业素养显得尤为重要。
一、数字的翻译在合同的标的及报价等当中都会出现很关键的数字，对这些数字的准确翻译至关重要。
下面谈一下数字翻译应注意的两个方面的问题：首先，英汉对数字的分位制不同。
中国数字是“个、十、百、千”、“万、十万、百万、千万”、“亿、十亿、百亿、千亿”等以四位数分位，而英语则以三位数来分位的，即“个、十、百”、“千、十千、百千”、“百万、十百万、百百万”，最后落脚点都在“百”上。
如：888，888．其次，中英命数的方法不同。
英语当中没有“万”“亿”的命数，而中文中不以英语中的“million”“billion”来命数，这就给翻译带来困难。
同时，英美的命数也有差异：“billion”在美国是“十亿”，在英国是“一兆（万亿）”，美国则用“trillion”指“一兆（万亿）”.数字的译法：28,462,679 “twenty-eight million, four hundred and sixty-two thousand, six hundred and seventy-nine”；50亿five billion（美国）five thousand million(英国)等等。
二、倍数的翻译在商务建议书及商务报告等当中都会出现很关键的倍数，对这些倍数的准确翻译至关重要。
下面谈一下倍数翻译应注意的几个方面的问题：1. “n times＋adj.(adv.)比较级＋than...”译成是n 倍（大n﹣1倍）.“...to be five times that of last year”是去年的五倍（大四倍），这个句型为大家所熟悉这里不赘述.2.“ n times＋as＋adj.(adv.)原级＋as...”译成是n倍.“The speed of bicycling is nearly 4times as fast as that of walking”骑自行车的速度几乎是步行速度的4倍.3.A)“表示增加意义的动词＋by＋n times”译成增加了n﹣1倍；“表示增加意义的动词＋to＋n times”则译成增加到n倍；“表示增加意义的动词＋n times”译成增加了n﹣1倍（增加到原来的n倍）.The output of wheat has increased by three times小麦产量已增加了两倍.The price of pork has increased to 5 times猪肉价格增长到5倍.The sales of computer have risen 4.5 times(fold)电脑销售量增加了3.5倍（增加到原来的4.5倍）.这里又没介词及介词不同表达意思绝然不同.另外，“倍数＋upon/over”结构表示“增加到n倍或超过了（n–1）倍”The old man 6times upon her age.老头是她年龄的6倍.B）“表示减少意义的动词＋by＋n times”译成减少到1/n(减少了1–1/n)；“表示减少意义的动词＋to＋n times”则译成减少到原来的1/n；“表示减少意义的动词＋n times”译成了减少到原来的1/n（减少了1–1/n）.The distance is shortened by 4.5 fold 距离缩短了7/9（缩短到2/9）The length of the thread has been shortened 6 fold 线的长度缩短了5/6（缩短到1/6）c) “表增减意义的动词＋by a factor of倍数”增加到n倍，减少到1/n倍The equipment reduced the error probability by factor of 5 该设备误差概率降低到原来的1/5（降低了4/5）4.“倍数＋the size (length, height ...)of...”＝“ n times＋as＋adj.(adv.)原级＋as...”译成是n倍.His house is about 5 times the size of hers 他的房子有她得5倍大.总之，数字和倍数的翻译向来英汉翻译中的麻烦问题，牵涉的知识点很多，许多教材和论文多有论述，本文只不过是笔者在工作中遇到比较多的一些现象，做了小小归纳.目的是一定程度上提高翻译工作者的专业知识水平和业务能力.参考文献：［1］商务英语翻译师考试培训教材（笔试）.沈素萍Grace Zhang中国社会科学出版社［2］翻译专著中英语倍数译法几个的问题〔J〕.孟梅琳.中国翻译，1996,6.［3］英汉翻译教程. 杨士焯. 北京大学出版社。
英语中倍数的表达方式英语中“倍数”的常用表达方式倍数表达法是高中英语教学的重点，也是历年的高考热点之一。
掌握倍数的表达法对于同学们学好英：语具有重要意义。
下面对倍数的几种表达法作一归纳一、用times 表示倍数（一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。
表示两倍的数，一般用twice ）。
)其句式有：(前三种为主1. “?times＋形容词/ 副词的比较级＋than ?”例如：Line AB is three times longer than line CD.线段AB 是（线段）CD 的三倍长。
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.大 5 倍。
这个大厅比我们的教室This rope is twice longer than that one ．This hall is five times bigger than our classroom ．The car runs twice faster than that truck ．2. “?times +as +形容词/ 副词的原级＋as ?”例如：This table is three times as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍长。
This dictionary is five times as thick as the one you borrowed from the library.这本词典的厚度是你从图书馆借的那本（厚度）的 5 倍。
Asia is four times as large as Europe亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
This big stone is three times as heavy as that one ．倍）这块大石头的重量是那一块的三倍。
（这块石头比那块重二The plane flew ten times as high as the kite ．那架飞机飞行高度是那个风筝的十倍。
翻译的基本知识一、翻译的定义奈达：Translation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning andsecondly in terms of style. —— Eugene A. Nida二、翻译的标准奈达：The receptors of a translation should comprehendthe translated text to such an extent that they canunderstand how the original receptor must have understood the original text.—— Eugene A. NidaEugene A. Nida (November 11, 1914 – August 25, 2011)was the developer of the dynamic-equivalence Bible-translation theory.四、翻译的方法1 . 直译（Literal translation）例子： C.O.D. (cash on delivery) 货到付现blue chip 蓝筹股一箭双雕 hit two hawks with one arrow意译（Free translation）例子： WPA 水渍 blue chip 绩优股一箭双雕 kill two birds with one stone一、广告的定义 Advertising is the non-personal communication ofinformation usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, services or ideas by identified sponsors through the various media.—— American Marketing Association二、广告的分类1.理性广告（ Rational ads）情感广告（Emotional ads）三、广告的组成部分1.Headline Subhead Text (body) Logo sloganI’m lovin’ it! （麦当劳）我就喜欢！Good to the last drop. （Maxwell coffee）滴滴香浓，意犹未尽。
Chpater 4 Lexical Translation:Numerals and Units1. Numerals精确数词翻译1） Some English numbers 一些英语数字的翻译English Words American Use British UseBillion 109 (十亿) 1012(万亿)Trillion 1012(万亿) 1018(百万兆) Quadrillion 1015(千万亿) 1024(万亿兆) Quintillion 1018 (1000的6次幂) 1030 (100万的5次幂)Foreign funds flowed into China in a spectacular way. The stock of foreign investment grew from under $5billion in 1989 to nearly $90billion by 1994.中国现有草地面积3.9亿公顷, 其中可利用面积3.2亿公顷, 居世界第三位.在1997年, 中国进出口总额还不到150亿美元, 仅占世界贸易总额的0.6%.by thousands数以千计大量by hundreds数以百计by (the) millions数以百万计by halves不完全地thousands of数千,数以千计hundreds of 数百数以百计hundreds of thousands几十万; 无数的thousands upon thousands成千上万millions upon millions of千百万tens of, decades of数十个dozens of 几打;几十个scores of 许多billions of 几十亿hundreds of millions亿万a thousand and one 无数的 a hundred and one许多ten to one 十之八九nine cases out of ten十之八九nine tenths 十分之九;几乎全部tens of thousands好几万several millions of 数百万fifty-fifty各半的;对半;平均by one hundred percent 百分之百地;全部a long hundred 一百多;一百二十a few tens of十分之几有几成by twos and threes 三三两两in two twos 转眼;立即at sixes and sevens乱七八糟one or two少许;几个first of all首先second to none 首屈一指last but one倒数第二a decade of 10个;一组 a score of 20个一组a dozen 12个;一打 a long dozen 13个They packed the oranges in ten.Ten to one she has forgotten it.We do nothing by halves.Her name ranks last but one on the list.Let’s go fifty-fifty on the dinner check.2）Translation of Approximate Numbers 约数的翻译1) More than, above, over, past, in excess of, or more, long, odd, etc. Can be used to express Chinese 多于,多,超过,etc. Compare the versions in the following examples.100多公斤1000多英里3个多小时1公里多6万多六万几千八十几厘米八百零几克据说这个孩子的体重有100多磅.我花了两个多小时才完成家庭作业.这辆车已经跑了1000多英里.这所师范学校有3000多名学生.她80多了.2）Less than, under, below, off, or less, etc: Can be used to express Chinese 不到,少于,低于,etc. Look at the following examples.不到80美元这只火鸡低于25美元她是不会卖的.那辆三轮车的售价还不到185法郎.他以低于价目表6美元的价格买下了那个咖啡壶.3) Or so, more or less, about, in the region of, approximately, some, around, etc. Can be used to express Chinese 大约,左右,上下and others of the like.11点钟左右约5万吨近3个月1000元左右600公里左右大约两周这个学院订阅的杂志大约有250种.她的月薪在400美元左右.我每天早上五点半左右起床.4)We can still use English whole numbers to express approximate Chinese conception.I have told you twenty times.A million thanks for your kindness.We have a hundred things to do.A wonder lasts but nine days.She has fifty things to tell you.If we want to express the Chinese meanings of 不多不少,刚好,整整, we can employ words such as flat, clear, sharp, cool, just, whole, exactly, with whole numbers together.He finished the 100-meter dash in 10 seconds flat.The chief physician treated cool 40 patients that day.3) Translation of English multiple 英语倍数的翻译1) Some Sentence Constructions as to Increase 用于增长中常见句型的翻译“Multiple + as…as…” constructionThe grain output of this year is about three times as great as that of last year.Asia is four times as large as Europe.Were the ear th’s mass twice as great as it is, it would attract an object twice as strongly as it does.Your room is three times as large as mine.“Multiple + comparative +than…”constructionMt. Qomolangma is 8848 meters high, about two and half times higher than Mt. Fuji.Kuwait oil wells yield nearly 500 times more than U.S. wells.Iron is almost three times heavier than aluminum.Your room is four times larger than mine.The irrigated area in this prefecture is four times bigger than in 1998.Some verbs + multipleVerbs like increase, rise, exceed, grow, raise, expand, go up, etc. are commonly used to express multiple with the meanings of “increase”.The number of the students enrolled in evening classes has increased more than twofold.The total volume of state purchase in the first quarter rose by 5.2 percent, compared with the same period of last year.The output of chemical fiber has been increased three times as against last year.During this period its territory increased ten-fold.“By a factor of +multiple” constructionThis structure is copied with when we have to minus one from the number since the original is not included in Chinese language.In case of electronic scanning the beam width is broader by a factor of two.Today the speed of our car exceeds the ordinary speed by a factor of three.The population of this county has increased by a factor of five.Some words with multiple meaningSuch words with multiple meaning are double, treble, quadruple, etc. in English.The output of diesel oil for farm has more than double.The baby girl doubled its weight in a year.Henry trebled his money by buying a dog for ＄50 and selling it for ＄150.Having the repeater spacing decreased by one half, we made it possible to quadruple the bandwidth.The output of color TV sets has been double in the past five years.The output of iron and steel is treble what it was.The number of livestock has quadrupled this year.Our population is now double what it was thirty-five years ago. Comments① A is N times bigger than B.② A is bigger than B by N times.③ A is N times as big as B.The exact meaning of the three structures is: A=B×N2) Some words, Phrases and Structures as to Decrease用于减少中常见词语和句型的翻译Some words and phrasesThe output of cars in Europe last year was 24 percent less than in1996.In this lathe, proper lubrication has diminished almost three fifths of the friction.Owing to natural calamities, the wheat output of every mu in our village has decreased from 500 kilograms to less than 350 kilograms.The production cost of electronic organs was reduced by 30%.The depth of water in the first tube is less than half that in the other.The leads of the new condenser are half as long as those of the old, yet the functions are the same.This new method has halved the loss of metal.Some structuresThe length of the designed size was reduced ten times.This kind of film is twice thinner than ordinary paper, but its quality is quite good.Aluminum is almost more than three times as light as copper.We see that the price of the product is reduced by a factor of 5.Comments Besides some words and phrase, we can come to a conclusion that the following sentence structures have the same meanings.①A is N times smaller than B.②A is smaller than B by N times.③A is N times as small as B.2. Vague numerals模糊数词翻译模糊数词英译包括以下几个方面: 数词带有形容词性或副词性, 表示约略或夸张; 数词与政治术语连用。
数词的译法（商务语篇的翻译）第一部分：一、数字增减的译法：胡韵迪：1.句式特征：by＋名词＋比较级＋thanThe wire is by three inches longer than that one.这根导线比那根长3英寸。
2.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词＋to+n.译为：增加到。
或减少到。
Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.金属切割机已经减少到50台。
给大家举例如下：Females live by seven years longer than males.But in places like Southern California, the population is growing by four percent a year -- faster than in most third-world countries.像南加州这样的地方，每年的人口增长达4%，比大多数第三世界国家的人口增长还要快。
二、百分数增减的表示法与译法范欣怡1.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词＋％The output value has increased 35%.产值增加了35％2.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词＋by ＋％Retail salses should rise by 8%商品零售额应增加3％The prime cost decreased by 60%.主要成本减少60％3.句式特征：表示减少意义的动词＋to+%表示减少后剩余的数量By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.采用这种新工艺，铁的损失量减少到20％古丽娜尔：4.句式特征：％＋比较级＋than表示净增减的数量Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.今年零售额与去年相比，有望增加9％。
