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短文改错高频考点专题讲练第1讲词法错误高频考点1、谓语动词1.谓语动词时态：动词时态不一致，常考一般现在时，一般过去时和现在完成时。
(2020 1卷) I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook.(2020 2卷) I start to learn Kongfu when I was seven years old, but I have long been out of practise.2.谓语动词语态：语态有主动语态和被动语态，常考被动语态的句子缺了be或过去分词误用；不该用被动语态的的句子多了be.(2016 1卷) Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are using for cook.(2015 1卷) Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already becomea very serious problem.3.并列动词形式是否一致。
(2017 3卷) About one month later after his photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school ans become a new member of the school music club.(2015 2卷) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.4.情态动词的用法：情态动词后接动词原形却接了其它形式或情态动词的误用。
(2016 2卷) We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.(2012 全国课标卷) My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more practice, I must make my toy last.高频考点2、非谓语动词1.谓语动词的使用条件：当没有连词的情况下，一个句子有且只能有一个谓语动词，谓语动词外的动词必须用非谓语动词。
专题9 短文改错[构建知识体系]2015-2017年全国高考Ⅰ本专题考查分布明细统计2015-2017年全国高考Ⅱ本专题考查分布明细统计2016-2017年全国高考III本专题考查分布明细统计[考纲解读][剖析全国高考真题]——预测高考命题方向1.[2017·新课标I]短文改错(共10小题；每题l分，总分值10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。
每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!〞“Slow down!〞“Turning left!〞 I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.[文章大意]本文是一篇记叙文。
高考英语二轮复习资料专题19 短文改错教学案（教师版）【高考考纲解读】【重点知识整合】解题步骤1．通读全文，掌握大意快速通读短文，要迅速把握短文的题材、中心思想与故事的时间、地点、原因、结果以及人物关系等要素，并理清行文的时态、人物与逻辑等方面的问题。
虽然短文改错是分行设错的，但判断只能以句子作为意义单位，做到行不离句，句不离文；孤立地在一词一句上寻觅错误的“只见树木，不见森林”的改错法很容易让人产生烦躁情绪，影响解题效果。
因此，我们必须坚持从整体到局部，再从局部到整体，把握全局，用整体理解去攻克词、句、篇上的错误。
2．整句理解，逐行分析这是最关键的一步。
根据词法和句法知识，检查和判断错误所在。
可逐行检查主谓、时态、人称是否一致；关系词、代词使用是否正确；动词形式是否恰当；表达是否符合习惯用法等，分析判断所述多个考查项目在句中的正误。
3.复读全文，检查验证将初步改错后的短文再次细读，检查并验证所做的答案是否使全文语气连贯流畅，行文逻辑是否合乎情理，全篇结构是否严密完整，凡遇不通之处要进行细致的分析和推敲，以便使答案更有把握。
此时，若有一两个拿不准的，不可举棋不定，可以根据此项命题的特点，运用错误类型的比例来做最后定夺。
解题方法1．先易后难在通读全文的过程中，可以将其中明显的冠词、固定搭配、主谓一致等拿得准的错误先行改正，第一遍解决不了的，第二遍重点突破，不断缩小包围圈，并要兼顾四种命题类型在历年高考中所占的比例。
若发现某种题型在改错中占的比例过大或过小，便要重新推敲一下。
当然这种比例历年也有些微变化，并非绝对。
2．注意改错符号教师讲课或教辅书由于时间和版面的限制，在给出短文改错练习答案时可能不规范，再加上同学们平时做练习时规范化不够，因而高考中可能出现仍按平时习惯，用文字或用箭头去表示改正方法的现象。
改错时，要严格按照高考要求来答题。
高考试卷中每个大题前都写明了答题的要求，但仍有不少学生不规范答题，白白丢了应得的分数。
专题二短文改错策略综述解题流程1．细读全文，了解全篇首先要细读全文，弄懂全篇的主旨，背景和素材。
记住必须做到一句一句地读，在读的过程中可以把初步确定的错误标出来。
2．分句阅读，逐句纠错在此过程中，考生一定要细心，要根据上表中的考点方向去发现错误，可以先易后难。
3．重读文章，仔细推敲最后要将改正后的短文再仔细阅读一遍，看词法、句法及行文逻辑是否合理恰当，如有不适及时纠正。
真题导练A(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Since I was a kid, I've conside red different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered my goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.1.形容词different后跟名词的复数形式。
故应将job改成jobs。
2．系动词look后跟形容词作表语。
故应将coolly改成cool。
第3讲篇法类篇法类错误也就是行文逻辑类错误相对来说并不是很难，但考生要从整体入手，放眼全篇，它可能从单句来看在语法上并没有错误，但放入特定语境则不正确，一般来说我们可以从上下文、惯用法、主从句及语意语境等方面去着手，我们建议在解题流程的第3步去解决此类错误。
考点1指代类错误1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) ... I started to play my football with classmates after school.答案去掉my2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I had done myself homework, but I was shy.答案myself→my3．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledge we cannot get from books.答案your→our4．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Mr and Mrs Zhang all work in our school.答案all→both5．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot.答案many→much6．(2015·浙江高考)Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.答案them→it对于代词类错误一是要关注上下句或上下文，看指代对象、代词性别、代词的单复数、代词的格等是否逻辑一致，代词与反身代词、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词是否混淆；二是要熟知常见的不定代词的区别，如some与any，many与much，either 与neither等。
考点2逻辑关系类错误1．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hitme.答案but→and2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Everyone was silent, waiting to see who would be called upon to read his and her paragraph aloud.答案and→or3．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, so once I started the car, my mind went back.答案so→but/yet4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.答案去掉but5．(2015·陕西高考)My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.答案after→when/while对于连词类错误考生一方面要在熟悉常见连词用法的基础上去看上下文的语境，另一方面要知晓连词的考查类型：①删除：如，because或since与so连用时，删除so；though/although/as与but连用时，删除but；②误用：如，or与and，and与but，so与but，before与after，before/after与when/while等。
高考英语二轮复习第3板块专题5短文改错学案含解析专题五短文改错[ 三年考情分析][命题规律]短文改错的语言材料通常取自于学生的习作，以记叙文为主，主要考查学生在语篇中准确运用英语知识的能力。
1．错误类型相对稳定。
全国三套卷的设题中，错词各为7－8个，多词或缺词为2－3个。
需要注意的是，有时从句引导词错误既可按错一词也可按缺一词修改。
2．知识考查覆盖面广，动词、形容词、副词、名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词及行文逻辑是考查的重点。
3．近三年高考考点相对稳定，但也有变化，如2017年全国卷Ⅰ首考了数词，2018年全国卷Ⅱ首考了名词普通格与所有格的误用。
[命题趋势]1．预计2019年高考短文改错仍将以记叙文为主，题材和难易度都会保持相对稳定，话题贴近学生生活，内容积极向上，反映核心价值观。
2．以词法考查为重点，其次会考查句法及行文逻辑。
3．备考时要注意近三年高考未考到的知识点，像虚拟语气中的谓语动词、强调句型中that的用法、倒装句中助动词的用法等。
[短文改错解题三步骤]第一步：从语篇入手，理解大意，着眼时态短文改错取材于考生作文，在时态上常用一般现在时和一般过去时。
有些句子中谓语动词的时态和语态本身并没有错误，只有立足于上下文才能发现其中的错误。
因此，在理解短文大意之后就应该逐句排查每句的时态和语态。
第二步：从句子入手，逐句分析，推敲语法解决语法类错误的关键是要熟知短文改错的出题点，对实词和虚词的考查角度了如指掌。
如动词类错误一般有三个左右，第一步应从时态、语态角度进行排查，这时就需要考虑非谓语动词、主谓一致和情态动词；名词的数、形容词与副词的混用、冠词的用法、介词搭配等问题几乎每年都要考到，因此我们做题时要做到心中有数。
第三步：从行文逻辑入手，兼顾上下，审查连代通过前两步仍然有做不出来的，就应该重读短文，看看是否存在连词错误、指代是否一致、逻辑词是否一致。
高考英语短文改错技巧田星霞为了提高做短文改错题的能力，除了要加强基础知识的积累、提高语篇的整体理解能力之外，还应该对其错项设置的基本情况有所了解，以便做到目标明确，有的放矢，从而提高解题的正确率。
本人从语法和逻辑的角度，用口诀的形式，向同学们介绍高考英语短文改错中最常见的几类错误。
短文改错口诀：动词形，名词数；还要注意形和副．非谓动词细辨别；代词格细领悟介词短语须关注，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析；逻辑错误要关注冠词连词常光顾。
一．动词形主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。
例如：1. However, my father had to return to work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday. (2011 全国）2.I stayed there for one and a half hours and made surethat the girl were all right. (2009 全国卷2)二．名词数指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。
常表现为将名词复数写成单数。
例如：3.In early January this year, the rate of UFO reports was steady, around three per weeks.(2011辽宁卷）4.Don’t lose hearts, you’ll be successful in time.5.I need some more informations.三．区分形和副及区分形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。
这也是高考短文改错的常考点。
例如：6.When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.（2011 浙江卷）7.I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself. (2007浙江四．非谓动词细辨别这是考查最多的错误形式之一。
2020届二轮复习短文改错考点大搜索练学案短文改错是集语法知识与语言技能为一体的综合性英语试题，它并不是单纯考查语法知识，而是重点考查考生写作能力中的校验能力和积极的写作能力，同时考查考生对语篇的把握能力。
考生应在词汇、语法和语篇三个方面着重把握这种题型。
综合近三年全国卷短文改错题可知，其设题的角度有三个：词法、句法和行文逻辑，从这三个角度考查学生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的准确性。
1.词法层面对动词的考查频率最高，主要考查单句话中并列谓语的时态一致或根据相应的时间状语判断时态。
形容词和副词的使用也是热点考点之一，主要涉及它们之间的相互转换。
冠词的用法是必考题之一；名词的用法基本为必考考点；介词和数词的考查相对较低。
2.句法层面的改错主要涉及主谓一致、复合句连词的使用以及特殊句式。
3.语篇层面的改错主要包括上、下文时态一致、代词指代一致、逻辑关系一致(连词的使用)。
策略一| 注意事项与答题原则1.注意事项(1)共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；(2)只允许修改10处，多者从第11处起，不计分；(3)每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
(4)错1个词、多1个词、少1个词的比例是8∶1∶1。
2.答题原则(1)“规范性”原则要严格按照示范规定的符号改错。
要记住错词纠正、缺词填补、多词删除对应的修改标志。
切忌用文字说明或用箭头表示。
(2)“四不改”原则①单词拼写不改；②大小写不改；③词序错误不改(应从错词或少词方面考虑)；④标点符号不改。
(3)“五改动”原则①忠实于原文原则(不可改变原文的意思)；②错误以改动最少为原则；③虚词以添加或者删除为原则；④实词以改变形式为原则。
策略二| 常见错误形式及应对技巧策略三| 3大解题微技能微技能一如何应对词法题从词法角度考查，主要涉及冠词、介词、名词的数和格、代词、形容词、副词、动词的时态和语态以及非谓语动词等。
1.冠词错误2.介词错误3.名词错误4.代词错误5.形容词和副词错误6.谓语动词错误7.非谓语动词错误微技能二如何应对句法题从句法角度考查，主要涉及主谓一致和复合句连词的用法等。
高三英语二轮复习导学案短文改错〔第二课时〕【学习目标】1. 知识目标: 掌握并准确运用语法工程如动词的时态，语态，定语从句，非谓语动词以及固定句式及词语搭配等。
2. 能力目标：掌握短文改错解题技巧。
3. 情感目标: 通过解题，最终增强解决问题的信心，提高英语学习兴趣。
【重点难点】掌握短文改错解题技巧。
【解题方法指导】(1)注意分行的技巧性：上一行的末尾和下一行的开始，往往是我们容易无视的地方；(2)要以句子为单位而不是以行为单位进行判断；(3) 注重上下文之间的逻辑关系；(4) 在逐行寻查错误时应着重注意看句子结构是否完整，看习惯用法固定搭配是否正确，看上下文逻辑是否合理，看主谓是否一致，时态、语态是否正确，冠词、代词、连词、形容词、副词以及关系词的使用是否得当【自主学习】【实战演练】完成下面6篇短文改错填空下面短文中共有10处错误，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号〔∧〕，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线〔\〕划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者〔从第11处起〕不计分一When the accident was happened, I was standing near a bus stop. There I saw an old lady waiting a bus with her umbrella. The bus soon arrived at. There were too many passengers hurrying to get on it that the old lady couldn’t get on. A driver closed the door without looking careful and drove away. Unluckily the old lady’s umbrella was caught by the door. She shouted to the driver but he didn’t hear. The bus pulled her along the road. Finally, she fall to the ground. Several minutes late, the ambulance came and took her to hospital.I think the driver should be responsible for the accident.二Last week, we feel sorry to hear that our class teacher was ill. Afterwards, we had a discussion and decided manage on our own. During the followed days, all of us did a good job. None of us late for school and we did morning exercise better than ever. In class, we gave a classroom a thoroughly cleaning to welcome her. Our monitor presented some flowers to her while she stepped onto the platform. Seeing the red flag for Weekly Model Class, she was happy but moved.三Li Ming went to the park in last Saturday afternoon after he had already finished his homework. He saw several boys skating in the pond happily. Suddenly he heard a cry for help. Looked ahead, he found one of the boys had fallen into the water. Li Ming jumped into icy water immediately and tried to pull the boy to safety. Then the boy was given first aid but soon came to myself. The boy’s parents came soon after they received the phone call. They were very much thankful Li Ming, who was trembling there with cold.四My secret of staying young is simple: Keeping your mind awake and you will stay young all over. Take interest in the world around you, and learn at least the new thing every day. Do n’t think that you are ever too young to go back to school. I know a man entered a medical college at 70. He got his degree with honors and became a famous doctor. Other man went to a law school at 71 and is now a active lawyer. You may say that staying young is easy only for that living in the future. In fact, you can do it whether you care enough to try to keep your mind awake and active, what is the only way to be always.五One day after school, on the way home, I happened see a little boy turning off a tap and splashing water here and there on the ground. So with hesitation I went over and turned off the water. As we all know it, water is the source of life. Without water we human beings can’t live. Otherwise they will disappear from the earth. Besides, there are a very limited water resource in our world. So we mustn’t take some measures to getting rid of such wasteful habits. Everyone must save water so that development of the world and mankind can continue.六Learning English is great importance. English is widely used all over the world. It was often used in the international meetings. Most business letters are written in English. With a help of English we can learn modern science and technology from the developed countries. We can also introduce our achievement and experiences to other countries. Because of their importance, English is a requiring subject in high schools and colleges. Now many people are working hardly at English. It’s very important to learn English well. If we learn English well, we can serve for our country better. So I suggest most Chinese can learn it well.【携手共赢】短文改错解题技巧做该错题要学会化整为零。
2020届二轮复习短文改错中常见考点学案考试中，大家常把握不好名词的数、所有格以及一些集合名词的用法。
1. He gave me a very good advice yesterday.句中的a要去掉，因为advice是不可数名词。
一些汉语概念为可数的词在英语中却是不可数的，表示数量时在其前加a piece of，类似的词有：news, bread, work, paper, chalk, furniture, information等等。
2. That girl loves reading book.可数名词单数不能孤零零地放在句子里，或前面加冠词，或将其变为复数。
此处最好变为books.3. He went into a book’s shop and bought a dictionary.一般表示有生命的东西的名词的所有格用’s，如my mother’s car, 而此处适宜用名词修饰名词，改为a book shop.4. My family is watching TV.一些集合名词如看成一个整体，则用单数的谓语动词，如My family is a happy one; 如强调集合中每个个体的个人行为，则用复数的谓语动词。
此处看电视是个体行为，应把is改为are。
类似的词有：team, class, audience等。
5. I bought some potatos and tomatos at the supermarket.中学阶段以“o”结尾的名词中有四个词变复数时要加es，它们是tomato, potato, Negro, hero; 其余的都加s变为复数。
6. This has nothing to do with their believes.（这和他们的信仰没关系。
）以f, fe 结尾的词变为复数时一般去f, fe 加ves，如knife —knives, thief—thieves; 而roof 和belief直接加s变为复数。
所以应把believes改为beliefs.7. The boss wants to hire an useful person.用a还是an，取决于后面单词的第一个音标，如为元音用an，为辅音用a。
useful的第一个音是辅音所以应把an改为a。
类似的，我们说a European country.8. Plane is a machine that can fly.Plane为可数名词单数，不能单独放在句中，应在其前加冠词或把它变为复数，而本句后有 a machine, 因此只能在其前面加a，变为A plane。
9. He played a piano at the party yesterday.把a 改为the ，因为乐器前用定冠词。
10. The machine was invented in 1920s.在in后加the，因为表示年代用in加the再加几十的复数，如在八十年代in the 80s。
11. Xiao Hong went to school by the bus every day.去掉the，因为表示交通方式用by直接加交通工具。
使用代词时请注意其单、复数，主、宾格以及形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的用法。
12. He is one of those speakers who make his ideas perfectly clear.定语从句的先行词是those speakers，为复数，因此从句中的指示代词应为复数，应把his改为their。
13. Whom do you think has left the lights on？放在疑问句特殊疑问词后的do you think / believe / guess / imagine / suppose等都不参与句子成分，把它们去掉后，疑问词在句中做主语用主格，做宾语用宾格。
本句中去掉do you think后缺的是主语，应把Whom改为Who。
14. The boss pretended not to see John and I.John和I在句中都做的宾语，应把I 改为me。
15. These books are mine; those in the bag are her. Her是形容词性物主代词，后面应该加名词books，或把her 改为hers。
16. There are fourteen hundreds students in our school. Hundred / thousand / million / score/ dozen等词前有具体数字时后不加s，前面没有具体数字时在其后加s 和of，表示大约几百几千的概念。
如 two hundred students（两百个学生），hundreds of students（成百上千个学生）。
例句中应把hundreds 改为hundred。
17. Their school is twice as larger as our school.表倍数关系的as---as中间只能用形容词或副词的原级。
因此把larger改为large.18. Today’s homework is a five-hundred-words composition.几个单词由连字符连接而组成的复合形容词中的名词只能用单数，所以把five-hundred-words改为five-hundred-word.19. Two third of the students in our school are from America.英语表达中分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于一时分母后要加s，所以就把third 改为thirds.形容词和副词容易被误用，形容词和副词的比较级和最高级也是应注意的重点。
20. The patient appeared nervously when he talked to the doctor.appear在此是个系动词，其后应接形容词作表语。
所以把nervously改为nervous.21. The artist worked hardly to finish his drawings on time.此句需要一个副词来修饰，hardly是副词，但意为“几乎不”，hard 也可以是副词，表努力，因此把 hardly 改为hard.22. This shirt is more cheaper than that one.More只构成比较级，而不能修饰比较级。
因此把more去掉。
23. He is the most successful of the two businessmen.两者相比较时，比较级前用定冠词，三者或三者以上才用most，因此把most改为more.24. He works less harder than he used to.表不如…时用less加上形容词和副词的原级，因此把harder 改为hard.25. The book is fairly more interesting than that one.fairly只能修饰形容词和副词的原级，可以修饰比较级的副词或短语有：much, even, still, far, a lot, a little, a bit, any, no, by far, rather等，因此把fairly改为rather.26. This is as an interesting a story as the one in the magazine.as … as中间的词序是as加上形容词加上a(n)加上名词再加上as，因此应改为as interesting a story as the one.27. The weather here is nicer than Xizang.同样的事物才能相比较，weather和Xizang不具有可比性，因此应改为The weather here is nicer than that of Xizang.28.You shouldn't stand too closely to him有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以形容词-ly 构成，但他们有不同的含义。
close靠近、挨近；closely紧密地，紧紧地29. I would rather take a train than went by bus.这个词组为would rather do … than do …，因此把went改为go.30. Is there interesting anything at the meeting?修饰anything, something, every-thing, nothing的形容词都要放在它们的后面。
31. I never have seen such a person before.像never之类的副词在句中应放在be动词、助动词之后，实意动词之前。
因为应改为I have never seen such a person before.32. The book is worth to be read.be worth doing 意为值得被做。
因此改为The book is worth reading.33. It is sure that he will succeed.sure 的主语只能为人，而certain的主语可为人和物。
因此把sure改为certain.34. He is regarded as one of the best alive writers at present.alive 为表语形容词，偶尔也做后置定语。
因此把alive改为living，或把alive 放在writers后面。
35. I don’t know that he has finished the work yet. yet 用于否定和疑问句，already用于肯定句。
把yet 改为already.36. He said nearly nothing at the meeting.nearly 不与否定词用在同一个句子中，而almost可以。
因此把nearly 改为almost.37. He usually goes to school by his father’s car.by加上名词表示一种交通方式，中间什么都不加，如by car, by bus, by plane等；如果名词前有其他的词修饰，则应除by以外的其他介词，此处把by改为in.38. Please wait me at the school gate.wait为不及物动词，需加介词for后才能再跟名词或代词做宾语。
