中考英语倒装句语法知识复习 (名师精讲必考语法知识点，值得下载背诵)【考点肃清】英语句子的基本语序为主语在前，谓语在后。
但有时为了某种需要，如保持句子平衡、强调或固定的句型结构，而把谓语放在主语之前，这种语序叫倒装语序。
倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装两种。
倒装句是初中阶段学习的重点语法之一，现将几种常见的倒装语序归纳如下：一、全部倒装把谓语部分全部放在主语之前，叫做全部倒装。
1. 在t here/ here + be（或表示状态的动词）结构中使用全部倒装句式。
例如：There are some flowers in the picture. 图画里有些鲜花。
There is only bread and water. 只有水和面包了。
Long long ago， there lived a king. 很久很久以前，那里住着一位国王。
Here is a letter for you. 这儿有你的一封信。
注意：be 动词一般应与主语部分的第一个名词在数上保持一致。
2. here， there， not， then， thus， in， up， away 等副词位于句首时，谓语动词常用c ome， go， lie， run 等，要用全部倒装。
例如：Here comes the bus！公共汽车来啦！Out ran the children！孩子们跑出来了！注意：如主语是人称代词，则只把副词提到句首，主语和谓语的位置不变。
例如：There he is！他在那儿！Here they come！他们来了！Away she went. 她走了。
3. 如果把句子中的地点状语提前，谓语动词为b e， sit， come， lie， stand 等时，需要全部倒装。
例如：On the hill stands a temple. 山上立着一座庙宇。
4. 表语出现在句首时，为了保持句子的平衡，强调表语或使上下文衔接，常用全部倒装结构。
例如：Gone are the days when they could do what they like to the Chinese people. 他们对中国人民为所欲为的日子一去不复返了。
Covering much of the earth’s surface is water. 覆盖在地球表面的主要是水。
5. 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，需全部倒装。
例如：“Xiao Ming made great progress last term，” said his teacher. 他的老师说：“上学期肖明取得了很大进步。
”但如果主语为代词或谓语还有其他词修饰时，则不能倒装。
例如：“What are you doing？” he asked. 他问：“你在做什么？”6. 介词短语做表语时可以使用倒装句式，表示强调。
例如：At the head of the queue was an old woman. 排头的是位老太太。
二、部分倒装只把助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语之前，叫部分倒装。
1. 在一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中常用倒装句。
例如：Is Lily singing or dancing？莉莉是在唱歌还是在跳舞？What does your mother do？你妈妈是干什么的？2.否定副词或半否定副词（如：no， not， never， seldom， little， hardly， rarely，nowhere 等）位于句首时，或否定副词短语（如：in no way，o n no account，a t no time，in no case， by no means 等）位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
例如：Never in my life have I heard such a thing. 我生平从未听过这样的事儿。
3.以否定句n ot only... but also， no sooner... than， hardly/ scarcely... when 等开头的关联结构置于句首时，句子要部分倒装。
例如：Never before have I seen such a wonderful park. 我从未看到过这么漂亮的公园。
No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me. 我一出去，他就来看我。
4. 在s o... that， such... that 句型中，如s o， such 位于句首，则前半句倒装。
例如：So busy is he that he has no time to play with his daughter. 他这么忙，以至于没有时间陪他女儿玩。
5. 频度副词a lways， often， once， only 等出现在句首时句子常用倒装结构。
例如：Not always can people do what they want to. 人们并不总能做他们想做的事。
但当 only 修饰状语不位于句首时，或位于句首的 only 修饰的不是状语，而是主语，则不倒装。
例如：Only a doctor can do it. 只要一个医生就能做到。
6. 在以s o 开头的句子中，使用倒装句式可以使所表达的意思更趋简洁，其汉语意思为“也”。
例如：He can ride a bike， and so can I. 他会骑自行车，我也会。
She saw it， and so did I. 她看见了，我也看见了。
注意：（1）如果前句的谓语动词是实义动词，倒装结构中用助动词d o，does 或d id；如果前句的谓语中含有be 动词、助动词或情态动词，倒装结构中则要根据其主语使用相应的动词。
例如：He can do it， and so can I. 他能做到，我也能做到。
He is working hard， and so are we. 他在努力工作，我们也在努力工作。
（2）有时 so 可以表示对前句内容的进一步肯定，意思相当于“是的；的确如此”，此时不可使用倒装结构。
例如：—They will have a good time this evening. 他们今晚会玩得很愉快。
—So they will. 的确如此。
—It’s fine today，isn’t it？今天天气不错，是吗？—Ah， so it is. 啊！的确如此。
7. 在以n either/ nor 开头的句子中，常常使用倒装句式，表示“也不”。
例如：Tom didn’t watch TV last night. Neither/ Nor did I. 汤姆昨晚没看电视，我也没看。
They haven’t been to Australia. Neither/ Nor have I. 他们没去过澳大利亚，我也没去过。
8. 连词 as 引导让步状语从句时，从句需采用倒装结构，这时往往把动词、形容词、名词、副词或分词提到主语之前。
结构为：名词（不加冠词）/形容词/副词/动词/分词+as +主语+谓语。
例如：Young as he is， he knows a lot. 尽管他很年轻，但是他知道很多。
Surrounded as we were by the enemy， we managed to fight our way out. 尽管被敌人包围了，我们还是设法冲了出来。
9. 在含有w ere，s hould，h ad 的虚拟条件句中，可以省略i f 而把这三个词提前。
例如：Had you told me earlier， I could have done better. 如果你早点告诉我，我可以做得更好。
Were I you， I would try it again. 如果我是你，我会再尝试一次。
10. such 作表语置于句首时，部分倒装。
例如：Such is my teacher. 我的老师就是这样的。
11. 在a s 和t han 引导的缩略式比较状语从句中也常采用倒装结构。
例如：He was a Catholic， as were most of his friends. 他是天主教徒，他的朋友也大多数也是天主教徒。
She traveled a great deal， as did most of her friends. 她经常旅行，她的朋友大多数也是这样。
12. 程度副词s o 及其所修饰的成分出现在句首时，句子也常用倒装结构。
例如：So frightened was he in the darkness that he did not dare to move. 他在黑暗中是如此害怕，以至于不敢动。
13. 在某些表示祝愿的句子里。
例如：May you be happy！祝你幸福！【习题追踪巩固练习】1.Look, .A.here the bus comesB. here is the bus coningC. here comes the busD. here the bus is coming2.—Where is Kate? —Look，, she is at the school gate.A.there she isB. there is sheC. here you areD. here it is3.Which of the following sentences is correct?A.In the teacher cameB. In did come the teacherC. In did the teacher comeD. In came the teacher4.Out , with a stick in his hand.A.did he rushB. rushed heC. he rushedD. he did rush5., he is honest.A.As he is poorB. Poor is heC. Poor as he isD. Poor as is he6., he knows a lot of things.A.A child as he isB. Child as he isC. A child as is heD. Child as is he7., you can’t lift yourself up.A.Even you’re strongB. Strong as you areC. How strong you areD. In spite you’re strong8.So carelessly that he almost killed himself.A.he drivesB. he droveC. does he driveD. did he drive9.Early in the day the news the enemy were gone.e; thatB. came; thatC. comes; thatD. came; what10.Only when you realize the importance of foreign languages them well.A. you can learnB. can you learnC. you learnedD. did you learn11.Only after liberation to be treated as human beings.A.did they beginB. they had begunC. they did beginD. had they begun12.Not only to stay at home, but he was also forbidden to see hisfriends.A. he was forcingB. he was forcedC. was he forcingD. was he forced13.Not until his father was out of prison to school.A. can John goB. John can goC. could John goD. John could go14.Never before seen such a stupid man.A. am IB. was IC. have ID. shall I15.Rarely such a silly thing.A. have I heard ofB. I have heard ofC. am I heard ofD. had I heard of16.Little about his own health though he was very ill.A. he caredB. did he careC. does he careD. he cares17.Only when in the afternoon able to leave.A.the match was over; they wereB.was the match over; were theyC.was the match over; they wereD.the match was over; were they18.Hardly down he stepped in.A. had I sat; thanB. I had sat; whenC. had I sat; thenD. had I sat; when19.No sooner asleep than she heard a knock at the door.A. she had fallenB. had she fallenC. she had fellD. had she fell20.She did not see Smith. .A. Neither did IB. Nor didn’t IC. Neither I didD. So didn’t I21.In front of the farmhouse .A. lay a peasant boyB. laid a peasant boyC. a peasant layD. did a peasant boy lie22.—You ought to have given them some advice.—, but who cared what I said ?A. So ought youB. So I oughtC. So did youD. So I did23.—It was hot yesterday. —.A. It was so.B. So was it.C. So it was.D. So it did24.No longer to be monitor of the class.A. is he fitB. he is fitC. he fitD. fit be25.—You like football very much. —.A. So do IB. So I doC. I do tooD. It is the same with me26.Only by practicing a few hours every day_ be able to master thelanguage.A. you canB. can youC. you willD. will you27.Hardly the bus stop the bus arrived.A. we had got to; whenB. we had got to; thenC. had we got to; thanD. had we got to; when28.—Where is your brother? —There .A. he is comingB. he comesC. comes heD. does he come29.earlier you would have met him.A. If you cameB. If you did comeC. Did you comeD. Had you come30.Not only polluted but crowded.A. was the city; were the streetB. the city was; were thestreet C.was the city; the streets wereD.the city was; thestreets were31.She is a teacher and works at the college. .A. So is Li MingB. So does Li MingC. So is it with Li MingD. So it is with Li Ming32.Now Tom’s turn to recite the text.A. there isB. is goingC. has comeD. comes34.reading and speaking English every day, he would speak it well enough now.A. Had he practicedB. Did he practiceC. Should he practiceD. Were he to practice35.Nearby in which they had spent their summer vacation.A. was two housesB. two houses wereC. were two housesD. are two houses36.Not only a writer but also here.A. an actor was wantedB. was an actor wantedC. an actor were wantedD. were an actor wanted37.So tired after a whole day’s heavy work that I stand on my feet.A. was I; could hardlyB. was I felt; could hardlyC. was I; couldn’t hardlyD. I was; hardly couldn’t39.After that we never saw her again, nor from her.A.did we hearB. we heardC. has we heardD. we have heard40.Not until I began to work how much time I had wasted.A.didn’t I realizeB. did I realizeC. I didn’t realizeD. I realize43.Not until all the fish died in the river how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realizeB. the villagers realized。
