外研高中英语选修7M4课文翻译
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单词:1.sophisticated adj. 复杂的;高级的;老练的;老于世故的;精通的sophisticated devices used in spacecraft航天器中的尖端装置①The young man is quite sophisticated for his age.这个年轻人的世故与年龄不相称。
②He is fairly sophisticated about biology.他对生物学颇为精通。
知识拓展sophisticate v. 使迷惑;掺杂;使(人)世故;使(人)懂事n. 老于世故的人;精于……之道的人unsophisticated adj. 不懂世故的;单纯的;纯洁的即学即用完成句子即使经验丰富,成熟老练的读者阅读梭罗的作品也有困难。
________ ________ ________ ________ readers have trouble with Thoreau's works.答案:Even experienced and sophisticated2.movement n. [C]运动;[U,C]活动;动作①A movement to protect nonsmoker's right to health is going on in the country.一场保护不抽烟者健康权利的运动正在国内进行着。
②I had a broken leg, so movement was quite impossible.我的腿骨折了,所以完全无法行动。
知识拓展(1)enter a movement 参加运动May 4th Movement 五四运动in the movement 与时俱进;跟着潮流前进(2)move v.移动;搬家;感动 n.移动;步骤;迁居;动作get a move on马上开始,准备出发We'd better get a move on before it rains.我们最好在下雨之前赶快做。
高中外研版选修七module1高中外研版选修七module11dream team 1梦之队2star2(娱乐或体育的)明星3forward3(球赛的)前锋4defend4防守5guard5(球赛的)后卫6referee6裁判7hoop7圈8court8球场9slam dunk 9扣篮10association10协会11league11联赛12top-class12最优秀的;第一流的第 1 页13talented13有天资的;有才能的14professional14职业球员15complicated15复杂的16hold16保持17consecutive17连续的,不间断的18title18(重大体育比赛中的)冠军19centre19(足球,篮球等的)中锋20scorer20(进球得分的)运动员21valued21有价值的22in the history of 22在……历史上23grow up23成长,长大24attend24上(学)25with an average of 25平均为……26average26平均数第 2 页27per27每28gold medal 28金牌29motivation29动力30tie30平局31steak31牛排32alongside32靠着;并排33awesome33了不起的34shipyard34造(修)船厂;船坞35various35各种各样的36entire36全部的;整个的37immediate37立刻的;即刻的38There’s no doubt that…38毫无疑问39deserve39应得;值得40outstanding40杰出的;优秀的;出色的第 3 页41generation41一代人42popularity42流行;普及43live43现场直播地;现场演出地44commentary44解说45half45(比赛的)半场46overtime46加时赛47coach47教练48commentator48(实况)解说员49rely49信任;信赖50stamina50持久力;耐力;毅力51quarter51(篮球赛的)一节52selfish52自私的;自私自利的53all the time 53一直54nature54性格;本性;天性第 4 页55instant55立刻的56hit56热门人物57nationwide57全国各地的58if necessary58如果有必要的话59be rude to 59对……粗鲁60dominate60支配;控制61be used to 61习惯于(某事物)62draw sb’s attention to62引起某人注意(某事物)63wresting63摔跤(运动)64boxing64拳击(运动)65upwards65向上地66angle66角,角度67collision67碰撞68parallel68平行的,并行的第 5 页69adequate69适当的,足够的,充分的70sock70短袜71sneaker71胶底运动鞋72absorb72消减,缓冲73bound73跳跃74vest74内衣背心,汗衫75abrupt75突出的,出其不意的76horizontal76水平的,及地平线平行的77accelerate77加快,加速(使球等)反弹,(使)弹78bounce78回79tournament79锦标赛,联赛;比赛80interval80(球赛的)中场休息81appoint81任命,委派第 6 页典型的,具有代表性的;独82typical82特的83slim83苗条的,修长的84stout84(躯体)胖的,粗壮的85belly85肚子,腹部86obtain86获得,得到87circuit87环形88boundary88界限,范围89controversial89有争议的90aside90靠一边,站到一边91dip91下降92commit92犯(错误,罪行)93foul93(运动比赛中的)犯规动作94suspension94暂停,中止第 7 页(体育比赛中对犯规的)处95penalty95罚96take possession of 96占有,占据,拥有97howl97(尤指因受伤而)流血,出98bleed98血99cheek99脸颊,脸蛋100pulse100脉搏101confirm101102dizzy102头晕目眩的,眩晕的103bandage103绷带104blanket104毯子,毛毡105ambulance105救护车106considerate106体谅的,考虑周到的第 8 页107apologise107道歉,谢罪108sniff108(短促有声地)以鼻吸气109weep109哭泣,流泪110frustration110挫折,失望,失意111teamwork111合作,协作,配合112scar112(伤)疤113oval113卵形的;椭圆形的114gymnasium114体育馆;健身房115pole115杆;柱116basis116基础;根据117 be based on 117根据,以……为基础118version118变体;改编本第 9 页module2module2最重要的部分;最精彩的部1highlight1分2chart2图;图表3prom34peer4同龄人5mediator5调解员;斡旋者6forever6永远7look back at 7回顾,回忆8settle8解决9have fun9玩得开心10competitive10好强的;好竞争的第 10 页11elect11选举;推选12suit12合适;适合13rent13(短期)租用14It’s a great pity that ... 14很可惜……男子晚礼服上装,无尾礼服15dinner jacket15上装16enormous16巨大的,庞大的17slogan17口号;标语18attract18吸引19photography19摄影(术)20keen20渴望的;热切的;热心的21issue21问题22as far as I’m concerned 22就我而言23 in my view 23我认为;在我看来第 11 页24after-school24校外的,课外的25consider25认为26 be considered as 26被看作,被认为是……27develop27发展;培养28activity28活动29ability29能力;本领;技能30outdoor30户外的;用于户外的31water skiing31滑水运动,水橇运动32 be likely to do 32有可能33tradition33传统34boarding34提供食宿的35nursery35托儿所36recite36背诵,朗诵37alphabet37字母表第 12 页38institution38机构,团体39sew39缝;缝制;缝补40woollen40羊毛制的,毛料的41suitcase41(旅行用)手提箱42luggage42行李43innocent43天真无邪的;阅世不深的44pillow44枕头45quilt45被子46worn46(物品)陈旧的,损坏的47armchair47扶手椅48shabby48破旧的,破烂的49cushion49垫子50kettle50(煮开水用的)水壶51decoration51装饰物第 13 页52curtain52窗帘;门帘;帘子53washroom53厕所54basin54洗脸盆55bathtub55浴缸,澡盆56sob56啜泣,呜咽,抽噎57arithmetic57算术58multiply58乘,使相乘59algebra59代数60geometry60几何学61concept61概念62cubic62立方的63acre63英亩64gram64克65dynamic65精力充沛的,有创新思想的第 14 页66bachelor66未婚男子,单身汉67botanical67植物(学)的68microscope68显微镜69regulation69规章,规则,条例70punctual70准时的,守时的71T-shirt71T恤(衫),短袖运动衫工作日,周日(星期一到星72weekday72期五中的某天)73Catholic73天主教徒(指不断重复做某事而)使74irritate74(人长期)烦躁使(某人)心烦意乱,使心75upset75情不好76polish76擦光,擦亮第 15 页77zipper77拉链,拉锁78button78纽扣,扣子79mailbox79邮箱,邮筒80mummy80(儿语)妈咪81airmail81航空邮件82fortnight82两星期,14天(毕业)文凭,成绩合格证83certificate83书84scholarship84奖学金85cheerleading85当拉拉队队员86cheerleader86拉拉队队员87cheer87欢呼;喝彩;加油88squad88拉拉队89pompom89(拉拉队队员用的)彩色塑第 16 页料线球;绒球公共表演的)一套固定舞步;90routine90一套舞蹈动作91course91课程module3module31novelist1小说家2scene2场景;场面3cruel3冷酷的4feed4喂养;为……提供食品第 17 页5pot5锅6warden6管理员7serve7端上(饭菜等)8eager8热切的;渴望的9appetite9胃口;食欲10whisper10低声地说;耳语11nudge11推开12desperate12绝望的13healthy13健康的14in astonishment 14惊讶地,吃惊地15support15支撑物用……声音(说),……声16in a ... Voice16地17 no sooner ... than ... 17刚一……就第 18 页18seize18抓住19hang19绞死;吊死20lock20用锁锁(起来)(英国昔日的)济贫院;贫21workhouse21民习艺所22reward22酬谢;奖赏;赏金23scream23尖叫;高声喊叫24collar24衣领25rough25多暴力的;犯罪率高的26drag26拖;拉;硬拽27naughty27淘气的;调皮的28rascal28恶棍;无赖29orphan29孤儿30convict30囚犯第 19 页31escape31逃跑32prison32监狱33wedding33婚礼34intend34打算35illegally35违法地;非法地36repay36报答;回报37cast37演员阵容,全体演员38distribute38分发,分配,分送39chapter39章节40filthy40十分肮脏的,污秽的41sparrow41麻雀42seagull42海鸥(通常埋在地下的)管,管43pipe43子,管道第 20 页44smog44烟雾(使)窒息,(使)噎住,45choke45(使)呼吸困难46swallow46吞下;咽下(食物或饮料)47rag47(一小块)旧布;抹布48dustbin48垃圾箱,垃圾桶49attain49获得,达到50nutrition50营养(作用);滋养51starvation51挨饿,饿死52welfare52幸福,福祉;健康53concern53关心,54taxpayer54纳税人55compass55指南针,罗盘56anchor56锚第 21 页(样式古老的)小酒馆;小57inn57旅馆58carrier58运输工具59accumulate59积累60corporation60公司,企业61navy61海军62pile62堆,叠,摞63paperwork63资料,文件64trial64审判,审理65pump65泵;抽水机66fountain66喷泉;喷水池67pub67酒馆,酒吧68maid68女仆69bunch69一束,一串第 22 页70mistress70女主人完成(任务等),取得(成71accomplish71功)72ambassador72大使73humble73(身份、地位等)低下的,74pedestrian74行人75lantern75灯笼,提灯76mourn76悼念,哀悼,为……哀痛77 a huge amount of 77大量的78bring sth. to the attention of sb. 78使某人关注某事第 23 页module4module4 1soul music1灵乐2blues2布鲁斯音乐3harmonica3口琴4sophisticated4复杂的;高级的第 24 页5rhythmic5有节奏的6rhythm6节律;节奏;律动7gospel8improvisation8即席演奏(音乐的)切分音;切分节9syncopation9奏10 DJ (=disk jockey)11hip hop12graffiti12涂鸦;乱涂乱抹13microphone13麦克风;话筒14percussion14打击乐器15rap15说唱乐16reggae1617turntable17(唱机的)转盘;唱盘第 25 页18movement18运动19MC-ing19司仪;节目主持20technique20技巧;手法21Jamaica21牙买加22side by side22并排;并肩23improvise23即兴演奏;即兴表演24vocal24嗓音的;及嗓音有关的25approach25方法;步骤26be bored with 26厌烦27disco27迪斯科(音乐)28decline28衰退;下降;减少29take advantage of29利用30backing track30(音乐)伴奏曲31rapper31说唱乐歌手第 26 页32emerge32出现33rather than 33而不是34touch34触动;感动;使动心35trumpet35小号(一种铜管乐器)36in order36有序地37try out 37尝试38arise38(由……)引起(产生)39offshore39向海,离岸40boom40繁荣;兴起;迅速发展41friction41不合,抵触;摩擦42harmony42融洽,一致43virtue43美德44be blessed with 44有幸45conventional45按惯例的;因袭的;传统的第 27 页46fancy46新潮的47blouse47女士宽松短衫,女衬衫48slacks48宽松长裤,便裤49neat49整齐的,整洁的50mom50妈妈51consensus51共同意见,一致看法,共识52makeover52改头换面制定预算,按预算来安排开53budget53支54cheque54支票55consultant55顾问56vain56自负的,自视过高的57bonus57没有预料到的好事58DVD58数码录像光碟第 28 页59VCD59数码影音碟60pace60速度,进度61tight61(控制)严格的,严密的62schedule62计划表,进度表,日程表63spokeswoman63女发言人,女代言人64deadline64截止时间,最后期限65otherwise65否则,要不然66come out66出版67allowance67津贴,补助68far from68完全不69part-time69部分时间的,兼职的为……付出时间/努力/金钱70devote70等71 be devoted to 71对……专一,专注第 29 页72swap72交换73super73极好的,了不起的,超级的74yell74叫喊,叫嚷75beg75请求,恳求76beg for76乞求,请求77pension77养老金;退休金;抚恤金78quit78离开,辞去79refreshing79令人耳目一新的先锋;创始人;先驱;开拓80pioneer80者81solo81独奏;独唱82satchel82书包;小背包83 make an impression on sb. 83给某人留下印象84protest84抗议第 30 页85migrant85移民86humorous86幽默的module5module5 1ethnic1种族的;民族的2minority2少数民族3rainforest3热带雨林第 31 页4diverse4完全不同的;各不相同的5native5出生地的;土生土长的6bright-coloured6颜色鲜艳的,鲜亮的7belt7腰带;裤带8varied8各种各样的;形形色色的9maze9迷宫;曲径10cobbled10铺鹅卵石的11run11控制;管理12inherit12继承13property13财产14custom14风俗,习惯,传统15apron15围裙16hieroglyphic16象形文字的17in use17在使用第 32 页18hatch18孵化19pineapple19菠萝,凤梨20bucket20桶21splash21(液体)溅落;飞溅22apparently22看起来;显然23has a population of 23有……人口24crop24庄稼,农作物25opera25歌剧26maize26玉米27farm27种植;养殖28fish28捕鱼;钓鱼29script29(一种语言的)书写字母(突然感到疼痛时的叫声)30ouch30哎呦第 33 页31hammer31榔头,锤子32foolish32愚蠢的,傻的33lame33瘸的,跛的34hop34单足蹦跳35tyre35轮胎36firm36牢固的,稳固的37jungle37热带丛林38soul38(一个)人39in the distance 39在远处40ox40(常用于干农活的)阉牛41spear41矛,梭镖,标枪42garment42(一件)衣服43sleeve43袖子44necklace44项链第 34 页45jewellery45珠宝,首饰46set off46出发,动身47arch47弓状物;拱形物僵硬的;不动的;不能弯曲48rigid48的49framework49构架,框架,结构50fasten50系牢,缚紧51loose51稀松的,疏松的52fibre52(植物的)纤维质53corn53谷物54spade54铲,铁锹55tool55工具56chick56小鸟57rooster57公鸡第 35 页58fold58折叠,对折59adjust59适应,使适应60furnish60为(房屋或房间)配备家具61mat61地垫;地席;蒲席62teapot62茶壶63bare63赤裸的64waist64腰,腰部65widow65寡妇,遗孀66nephew66侄子;外甥67garage67汽车修理厂68awkward68尴尬的,为难的69pierce6970rainbow70彩虹,虹71aborigine71(澳大利亚)土著居民第 36 页72gatherer72采集者module6module61venue1会场;举办地点2preserve2保护;保存3agreement3协议4invest4投资5divert5使改道6prehistoric6史前的;有历史记载以前的7remains7遗迹;遗体8archaeologist8考古学家(人类或动植物)原始的,9primitive9原生的第 37 页10skull10头颅;颅骨11item11(一)件12existence12存在13relation13亲属;亲戚14limestone14石灰石15span15时距;期间16fossil16化石17beast17野兽18sharpen18使变锋利19excavation19发掘(按某次序)把……列表,20list20列清单21evolution21进化;演变22exposure22暴露;显露第 38 页23weed23野草;杂草24cement24水泥25contribute25促成26maintain26保持;维持;保养27endangered27濒危的28recommend28建议29awareness29意识;认识;感悟能力30propose30建议;提议31fund31基金;专款32assistance32帮助,援助33precious33宝贵的;珍贵的;贵重的34 of vital importance34至关重要35catastrophe35毁灭性的大灾难36estimate36估计;估算第 39 页37length37长度38request38请求;要求39apart from39除……之外40waterproof40防水的;不透水的41marvelous41极好的;绝妙的;了不起的42imperial42皇帝的;皇家的43tangible43有形的;可触摸的无形的;难以捉摸的;无法44intangible44形容的45delegate45代表46monument46纪念碑;纪念馆47inhabitant47居民48mankind48人类49directory49名录;指南第 40 页50bid50投标;努力,争取51enlarge51(使)增大;(使)扩大52discrimination52歧视53go through53获准,经过程序(尤指医学或法律界的)从54practitioner54业人员55advocate55主张,拥护56status56法律地位57virus57病毒58malaria58疟疾59compromise59折中;妥协60remind sb. of sth. 60使某人想起……61seminar61讨论课,研讨会62symbolic ambassador62形象大使第 41 页63epic63史诗,叙事诗64agenda64(事项)待办;待讨论65mercy65任凭……的摆布66 at the mercy of ... 66受……支配67undertake67许诺做某事;同意做某事68absence68缺乏;没有69subjective69主观的70diplomacy70外交71thorough71彻底的;全面的;详尽的72bureaucratic72官僚的;官僚主义的73in return 73反过来74autonomy74自治,自治权75federal75联邦政府的76guidance76指导,引导,咨询第 42 页77ignore77忽视;不理;不管及说西班牙语(葡萄牙语)78Hispanic78国家有关的79honour79给予荣誉80 be honoured for 80因……而受到尊敬81journalism81新闻业;新闻工作第 43 页。
单词1.decline v.&n. 衰退,下降,减少;谢绝,拒绝归纳拓展(1)fall into (a) decline 开始衰退be in decline 处于下降、衰退中on the decline 在下坡路上;在衰退(减少)(2)decline by 下降了decline to do sth. 拒绝做某事(3)(反)increase n . & v.增力口on the increase 在增力口例句:His interest in computer games is now in decline.他对电脑游戏的兴趣开始减退。
The number of tourists to the resort declined by 30% because of the terrorist attack last year.去年由于恐怖袭击,到这个旅游胜地旅游的人数减少了30%。
Their spokesman declined to comment on the allegations. 他们的发言人拒绝对这些指控加以评论。
【链接训练】The number of the tourists to the resort 10%.A .declined by B.declined toC.decline by D.decline to【解析】decline by "下降了 "。
句意为:到这个旅游景点的游客数量下降了10%。
decline to "下降到……:不合题意。
【答案】 A2. harmony n.协调,融洽归纳拓展(1)in harmony with sb./sth.与.......... 协调;与相配out of harmony with sb./sth.与不协调live/work in harmony 一起生活/工作得融洽(2)harmonious adj .和谐的,协调的,和睦的例句:His suggestions are in harmony with the aims of this project.他的建议和本项目的目标相符。
外研社选修7课文原文(每个模块4篇)Module 1BasketballMichael Jordan – Head and Shoulders Above the Rest! During the 1990s, Michael Jordan was probably the best-known athlete in the world. He was the top scorer in the NBA, and played for the Chicago Bulls from 1984 to 1993. He was named their most valued player five times. Wearing his famous number 23 shirt, Michael Jordan became the most successful basketball player in the history of the game.Jordan was born in New York and grew up in North Carolina. He attended the University of North Carolina for a year before leaving to join the Chicago Bulls. He finished his first season (1984-1985) as one of the top scorers in the league, with an average of 28.2 points per game.In 1987, Jordan became only the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season. He was the top scorer in the NBA for seven consecutive seasons (1987-1993). During this time, the average number of points he scored was more than 30 points per game. With him, the Bulls won their first NBA championship in1991. During this successful period they won the title again in 1992 and1993. Jordan was also in the United States Olympic Basketball Team, known as “the Dream Team”, which won the gold medal at the 1992 Olympics in Barcelona, Spain.Jordan surprised everyone when he retired before the 1993-1994 season, but he rejoined the Chicago Bulls and won three more championships with them from 1996 to 1998. he played again for the Washington Wizards before finally retiring from sport in 2003 at the age of 40. Millions of fans admire his athletic ability, motivation and confidence. They have fantastic stories to tell about Michael Jordan, such as the time when he rescued the Bulls from ending a game on a tie. He stepped to the line and made two free throws. Each time he threw the ball straight through the basket – and each time he had his eyes closed.Off the basketball court, Michael Jordan opened his own steak restaurant because he loves steak so much. He also found success as an actor in the film Space Jam alongside the famous cartoon character Bugs Bunny!There is only one word to describe the best player in the world –awesome!Wilt the Stilt – the Tower of Power!Michael Jordan was the second player to score more than 3,000points in a season – but the first was Wilt Chamberlain. Chamberlain was born in Philadelphia on 21st August 1936. He was one of the 11 children, the only one who was very tall. His father William worked in a shipyard and his mother Olivia was a cleaner. As a child, Chamberlain had various health problems. He had pneumonia and almost died when he was ten.Chamberlain is the only NBA player who averaged over 50 points per game for an entire season. At one point, Chamberlain was so much better than all the other players that they changed the rules of the game to try to stop him!The giant player joined the NBA’s Philadelphia Warriors in the 1959-1960 season and was an immediate success. During 14 seasons with four different teams, Chamberlain was named the most valued player in the league four times. On 2nd March 1962, he scored 100 points in a single game – no one has ever done that since! The final score was Warriors 169 New York Knicks 147!He ended his career after five amazing seasons with the Los Angeles Lakers. By the time he retired, Wilt held many NBA records: he scored 50 or more points 118 times and 60 or more points 32 times.Was Wilt Chamberlain better than Michael Jordan? Who knows? But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “outstandin gplayer of his generation”.Is Yao Ming Too Nice to Be a Star?Jeff Van Gundy, the head coach of the Houston Rockets, has a dream. He wants Yao Ming to be like other players. Star players, says Gundy, are “selfish” and want the ball all the time. “Let’s put it this way,” he said. “When they ask for the ball, they don’t say ‘please’!”Yao, however, is a selfless and kind person. He has been brought up and trained in this way. It is not in his nature to be “selfish” and “rude”.When he first arrived in the US, Yao was an instant hit among basketball fans nationwide. They all loved this kind, gentle but powerful giant. Van Gundy wanted to build his team around the talented Chinese player. To do this, he told Yao to be more aggressive and, if necessary, to be rude to his teammates.“He’s a wonderful guy, he has every physical basketball skill and he puts the team first,” Van Gundy said. “But I want him to be a star, not just a great team player. He’s got to think that he’s the best player out the re. That way, he can dominate the game.”“At first, I didn’t really understand what the coach wanted,” Yao said. “But now I do. In China, everyone gave me the ball, I didn’t have to ask! Here, I have to be a little ‘impolite’! I’m not quiteused to it yet. If you give me a little time, I can get more used to it. I have to learn to be l little more ‘selfish’.”Dizzy Heights of School BasketballBasketball is one of the safest sports. Unlike wrestling or boxing, it’s not usually dangerous. One reason fo r this is that the players’ energy is partly directed upwards, at a 90-degree angle to the ground, and over the heads of the others. So there’s less risk of a collision between two players.In other sports, such as baseball and American football, the player’ energy moves parallel to the ground and towards their opponents, so they wear helmets which give adequate protection to their heads.But although basketball players wear socks and sneakers which are specially designed to absorb energy when they bound into the air, they war no other protection, just a vest and shorts. If there is an abrupt change of direction in their energy, from vertical to horizontal, such as when they accelerate across the court, bouncing the ball, there is a real danger of personal injury.For example, in the Kent State High School Basketball tournament, Chandler High was playing St Mary Central and at the interval the score was 50-52. but St Mary had appointed a captainwho was not a typical basketball player. Whereas everyone else was tall and slim with short haircuts, Joe Johannsen was short and stout, with long hair and a large belly. But he was really fast, and when he obtained control of the ball, he could make a circuit of the court and reach the opposing team’s b oundary within seconds.Anyhow, twelve minutes into the second half, Frank Sackler, the Chandler star player, made a controversial pass over Joe’s head. Joe stepped aside and dipped his head down. Sackler bounced off him and committed a foul. The referee interrupted the match ,and there was a suspension of play. But Joe was unhurt, short the penalty, and the score was 88-90. there were three minutes to go.Joe immediately took possession of the ball and ran, … and suddenly 80 kilos hit the Chandler star, who howled loudly in pain and fell, with his nose bleeding and a cut on his left cheek. For a moment, he lay very still ,and the referee even checked his pulse, but soon confirmed he was OK. But when Sackler stood up he was dizzy, so they put a bandage round his head, a blanket round his shoulders, and called an ambulance to take him to the hospital. Joe was a considerate guy, and apologized as Sackler left, sniffing and weeping, either in pain or in frustration.Chandler scored with the penalty, and their teamwork had won the match. But Frank Sackler still has the scar on his face as asouvenir of the tournament.How Did They Start?How did American football start?Football – or soccer – started in England 800 years ago. The game was played with a round ball that players kicked but could not carry. There were two teams, but there were often a hundred players on each team!However, in 1823, William Webb Ellis, a pupil at Rugby School in England, picked up the ball during a soccer game and ran with it. Teachers at the school were shocked and angry but Webb Ellis’s schoolmates enjoyed this new game, which they named after the school. Eventually, rugby was played with an oval ball that could be both carried and thrown.Rugby was exported to the United States, changed a lot and became the sport that Americans now call football. During a game of American football, the ball can be kicked, thrown or carried.How did basketball start?Basketball was invented in 1891 in a gymnasium in Springfield, Massachusetts by Dr James Naismith, a physical education teacher. Naismith wanted to create a game that would provide exercise for a noisy class through the clod winter months. Naismith attached twobaskets to two tall poles at each end of the gymnasium and gave the players a soccer ball and told them to try to throw the ball into the baskets. Naismith later wrote 13 rules which are the basis of modern basketball rules.How did baseball start?The exact origin of baseball is unknown, but it is probably based on an old English game called rounders. In the USA, a version of the game became popular in the early 19th century and eventually, a man called Alexander Cartwright wrote the rules or baseball in 1845. Cartwright I called “the father of baseball” becau se the modern rules of the game are very similar to his original rules.Module 2Highlights of My Senior YearHighlights of My Senior YearI can hardly believe it, but my school life is almost over. Prom night has come and gone, and I’ve received my hi gh school diploma at last. It’s a good thing that the exams are finished. I feel too excited to think clearly. It seems strange to think that in a few days’ time I’ll be walking out of the school gates forever. The first thing I’m going to do is to take a long vacation!Meanwhile, I find myself looking back at my senior year, andthinking about all the wonderful things that have happened. I’ve decided to write them down so that one day, years from now, when I reread them ,the memories will come back.There’s so much to remember. One of the best things about this year has been working as an arts editor for this newspaper. I’ve so enjoyed it I love writing, and working on this paper is my first step towards becoming a journalist, so this has been a real success for me.Something else I’ve greatly enjoyed is working as a peer mediator, someone who helps students to settle problems that they have with other students. At the start of the school year, we were given training in how to do this, and it’s clear that this kind of work can really help people. I think I’ll continue to work as a mediator when I go to college.During the Easter vacation, I went on a short school skiing trip to the Rocky Mountains. I’ve been skiing quite a few times, but never with the school, and since two good friends came on the trip, we had great fun racing each other down the ski slopes. It’s well-known that Americans are competitive, and I did enjoy it whenever I won our races!Other things I’m pleased about – getting good grades on my final exams, and receiving the senior prize for English Literature. Iwas given a car by my parents so I’ve been able to drive to school, which is brilliant. And of course, I’ll never forget being elected to the student council. I really enjoyed meeting the teachers and telling them how we, the students, feel about thing, and what we think should happen in the school!All these things have been wonderful. But I have to say, the highlight of the year was the senior prom. For an A merican girl, it’s so important that you have a good time at the prom. Well, I did Daniel, a boy in my English class, asked me to go to the prom with him, and I was so pleased –I’d been hoping he would ask me. I found a dress that suited me perfectly, and had my hair specially done on the day of the prom. It took two hours but it was worth it, as everyone told me I looked very elegant! A group of us rented a nice car to take us to the prom. The food was delicious and I ate so much that I had to stop dancing for a while! We shared a table with some good friends, and laughed and told jokes all evening. It’s a great pity that it’s probably the last time this will happen.Daniel and I danced most of the dances together. But the big surprise of the evening was when I was elected prom queen! This was so unexpected, and I can’t tell you how good this made me feel! After the prom, a group of us drove down to the coast, and sat on the beach in our long dresses and dinner jackets. I shall never forgetwatching the sunrise over the sea – it was unforgettable! Afterwards, we went and had an enormous breakfast in a nearby hotel – it was a perfect ending to a perfect school year.After-school ActivitiesIn America, the development of social skills is considered as important as the development of intellectual skills. To help students develop these social skills, schools offers a large number of after-school activities, in other words, activities that take place outside classroom lessons. When deciding which students to accept, employers and colleges look for students who have skills in several areas. Exam grades are very important, but so are the after-school activities. By taking part in these activities, students show their special talents, their ability to lead, and their ability to get on with others.Competitive sports, for example, baseball, are probably the most popular of all the after-school activities. This is because, for many American parents, it is important that their children, particularly boys, learn how to compete successfully. Young people are encouraged to take part in team sports such as football and basketball, since these games teach to have the “winning spirit”. For some students and their parents, high school sport is consideredmore important than academic achievements.During the long summer holidays, it is a custom for American children to spend several weeks at summer camps. There are thousands of camps, and they can be found all over the country. What these camps offer is an opportunity to take part in many different kinds of outdoor activities, for example, horse riding and water skiing. Older teenagers are more likely to get summer jobs or go camping with a group of friends. Many go backpacking in the mountains of the west.My SchooldaysThey say that schooldays are the happiest days of your life, but not for me! My father worked abroad, so I was sent to a boarding school when I was seven. Like most schoolchildren, I had already been to nursery school. I could recite the alphabet, and read some simple books, but this was my first experience of the institution my parents called “big school’. In fact, the only preparation I had for this adventure was watching as my mother sewed my name tag into my shirts, trousers and woolen sweaters.I arrived with one suitcase, my only luggage for a term. I was shown to the dormitory where I would sleep with five other innocent boys. The bedding was a pillow, a sheet and a thin quilt. There weretwo worn armchairs, a few shabby cushions, an electric kettle to heat water for tea, some posters for decoration but no curtains. The washroom had a basin and a bathtub, but no heating. I’m ashamed to admit that I sobbed as I fell asleep that night.I remember that my first lesson was arithmetic. My first task was to multiply seven by three. No one explained why. It took me years to understand the greater mystery of algebra, geometry, and concepts such as cubic metres, acres and grams.We had a dynamic English teacher, a bachelor who had plenty of time for us boys and inspired my life-long love of literature. There was also a teacher of botanical science, who introduced me to my passion for flowers and plants. We spent hours studying the structure of leaves under the microscope.School regulations were strict. Being punctual for classes was essential, no one was allowed to be late. Sport was compulsory, and every week we had to go for a five-kilometre run, wearing just a T-shirt and a pair of shorts even on freezing cold November days. We all had to attend morning assembly, every weekday, except for boys of other faiths, who were allowed to stay in their classrooms. I wanted to become a Catholic simply so I could stay with my books!But there were also so many silly rules to follow, which irritated or even upset me. For example, everyone had to polish theirshoes every day, and no one was allowed trousers with zippers, only buttons! On Sundays, it was compulsory to write home. Every day I would check my mailbox, looking forward to my mummy’s airmail letter. But my parents lived in Asia and to my great disappointment, I only got a reply once a fortnight.I left eleven years later, with my school leaving certificate, anda scholarship to study at Oxford University. Many people talk about their happiness at school, but for me, at eighteen, all I felt was a sense of liberation.The American Art of CheerleadingWhat is a cheerleader?A cheerleader is a member of a team that dances and does gymnastics before and during competitive games such as baseball. They do this in order to encourage crowds to cheer their sports teams. The team is called cheerleading squad. Cheerleading only exists in America, and today it is mostly girl that do it.What is the history of cheerleading?Cheerleading began in all men colleges in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. As time passed, more and more colleges started cheerleading, and more women started doing it than men. It was not until the 1920s that pompoms began to play an importantpart in cheerleading. At about the same time, cheerleaders began to include gymnastics in their routines. By the 1950s, most American high schools had cheerleading squads. In 1978, the National Cheerleading Championships were shown on television, and universities began offering courses in cheerleading. Today, cheerleading competitions are an important part of school and college life and for many squads, cheerleading is a very serious activity. Cheerleading squads, can be fund at most athletic events. How do Americans feel about cheerleading?For cheerleaders, their sport is just as serious as baseball or football. However, many Americans are amused by cheerleading and see it as rather a stupid activity. Cheerleaders reply that a lot of training is needed to do the dance and gym routines. Many girls try to become cheerleaders but very few are accepted. To be a cheerleader is to play a very important part in your school. In fact, cheerleading is considered so important in American that several movies have been made about it!Module 3LiteratureOliver Asks for MoreThe room in which the boys were fed was a large stone hall, with a large pot at one end. The warden, helped by two women, served the soup from this pot at meal times. Each boy was allowed one bowl of soup and no more, except on special holidays when he was given another 60 grams of bread. The bowls never needed washing, as the boys cleaned them with their spoons, trying to eat every bit of soup. This never took very long, as the spoons were almost as large as the bowls. When they had cleaned their bowls in this way, they would sit staring at the pot with eager eyes, as if they wanted to eat it. Boys usually have excellent appetites. Oliver Twist and his companions slowly starved for three months until finally, they became quite wild with hunger.There was one boy who was tall for his age, and was not used to being hungry all the time, as his father had kept a small cook shop. This boy told his friends that he had to have another bowl of soup each day. If he did not, he was afraid that one night he might eat the small young boy who slept next to him. The tall boy had a wild, hungry look in his eye and everyone believed him. The boys had a meeting. They decided that one of them should walk up to the warden after supper that evening and ask for more food. They wrote their names on pieces of paper and picked one out. It was Oliver Twist who was chosen.The evening arrived and the boys went to their places. The warden stood by the pot with his assistants in a line behind him. The soup was served and disappeared down the boy's throats. The boys whispered to each other, and those next to Oliver nudged him. Oliver, who was desperate with hunger and misery, rose from the table and walked toward the master with his bowl and spoon in his hand. Frightened by his own courage, he said, "please sir, i want some more."The warden was a fat, healthy man, but his face became very pale. He stared in complete astonishment at the child and held on to the pot for support. Not until at least thirty seconds had passed, was the man able to speak. "What?" he said finally, in a weak voice."Please, sir," replied Oliver, "i want some more." no sooner had the boy spoken these words than the warden hit him on the head with the soup spoon. Then he seized Oliver arms and held him, while he shouted for Mr. Bumble.The managers of the workhouse were having a meeting when Mr Bumble rushed into the room in great excitement. Speaking to the leader of the meeting, he said, "Mr. Limbkins, i am sorry, sir! Oliver Twist has asked for more!"The faces of everyone in the room showed complete astonishment. "For more!" said Mr Limbkins. "Think carefully, MrBumble, and answer me clearly. Do I understand that he asked for more, after he had eaten his bowl of soup?""He did, sir," replied Bumble."Never have I heard anything like it!" said Mr Limbkins."They will hang that boy," said a gentleman in a white jacket. "i know that they will hang him."Nobody disagreed with the gentleman's opinion. A lively discussion took place. Oliver was immediately locked in a room. The next morning a notice was put up on the door of the workhouse, offering a reward to anybody who would employ Oliver Twist."I never was more sure of anything in my life," said the gentleman in the white jacket, as he knocked at the door and read the notice the next morning. "I never was more sure of anything in my life —— that boy will be hanged."Great ExpectationsPhilip Pirrip, known as Pip, is an orphan who lives with his sister and h er husband. The family is poor and Pip’s sister does not treat him very well. One day the boy helps a starving convict called Abel Magwitch. Magwitch has escaped from prison but is soon caught again and sent to Australia in a prison ship.Some months later, Pip is invited to visit a lonely but wealthyold lady called Miss Havisham. At her house, Pip meets and becomes very fond of a beautiful girl called Estella, who live there. However, Estella is cold and cruel to him, always telling him that she is “better” than him. She is encouraged in this by Miss Havisham, whose fiancé left her on her wedding day, and who, as a result, hates all men.Some years later, Pip learns that an unknown person intends to give him money every month. Pip believes that it is Miss Havisham who has done this for him. With this money, he goes to London, becomes educated and is able to live very comfortably.Magwitch returns to England illegally, having made a lot of money in Australia. He finds Pip and tells him that it is he, Magwitch, who has been giving Pip the money. He has been doing this in order to repay the boy’s kindness. Sadly, Magwitch is caught by the police and dies. We learn that Estella is in fact Magwitch’s daughter. She marries Bentley Drummle, a wealthy man who treats her very badly, but dies when he is quite young.Meanwhile, Pip leaves England and has a successful career. He returns and meets Estella, who has at last learnt the meaning of love. The two marry.Dickens’ LondonDickens’ cast of cha racters lived in London, the largest and richest city in the world. But its wealth was distributed unfairly among the population. Every chapter of his novels describes the sights, sounds, and smells of the city, and provides a social commentary of London life.In the middle of the 19th century, London was a filthy city for rich and poor people alike. Although on clear days, the air was filled with sparrows and seagulls flying high above, more often the smoking chimney pipes created smog which was so strong that it choked the inhabitants. The River Thames was polluted, causing disease and death everywhere, and if you fell in, it was dangerous to swallow the water.The East End was London’s poorest district, where children wore rags for clothes and the women searched in dustbins for food. Few people could ever hope to attain an acceptable standard of living. Many people suffered from the effects of poor nutrition and even starvation because of a lack of food, yet their welfare was of no concern to the taxpayers of London. Ships from all points of the compass would drop anchor here at the main port of London. South of the river lies Southwark, another poor district. The George Inn was a busy coaching stop with food and accommodation for travelers leaving London, and for carriers taking goods into the city.But some Londoners had accumulated enormous wealth through trade. In the old City of London are housed the many banks and corporations which Dickens mentions. Further west and opposite Southwark s tands Somerset House, where Dickens’ father worked for the navy. Close by are the law courts, where lawyers and their clerks, carrying piles of paperwork, would hurry to the trials. There were many squares and gardens with water pumps and fountains, as well as smart restaurants and pubs.Servants would buy fruit and vegetables at Covent Garden market for their rich families, and maids would buy bunches of flowers to decorate their mistresses’ rooms.The West End is the theatre district where Dickens felt at home because, surprisingly ,he thought he would accomplish more with his drama than with his novels. It is also the London of government, where politicians, ministers, ambassadors as well as more humble pedestrians walked home at night through streets lit with gas lanterns.London is very different today, and few people mourn the passing of the old city. But you can still see many of the sights which Dickens saw and wrote about in his novels.Charles DickensCharles Dickens (1812-1870) was born in London. His father was put in prison because he could not pay his bills, and two days after his 13th birthday, Dickens started work in a factory, experiencing real poverty. He was very unhappy, but later in life, he was able to write very well about poverty because he had actually experienced it himself.Dickens always had a huge amount of energy. As a young man, he worked for newspapers; and as a political journalist, he met all kinds of people. He used all these experiences in his writing. Dickens started writing novels in his early thirties and became successful almost immediately. Oliver Twist, his second novel, was published in 1838 and was hugely successful. It told the story of a young orphan alone in the dangerous streets of London. The story ends happily – the young boy discovers who his real parents are and finds a loving home. However, it brought child poverty to the attention of the public, and for this reason alone it is a very important novel.Over the next 25 years, Dickens wrote a large number of popular novels that are still read today. Among the most famous are David Copperfield(1849-1850), A Tale of Two Cities (1859) and Great Expectations (1860-1861). Dickens often wrote about the problems of poor people, and as a result of his work, the lives of thepoor were improved.Dickens’ books were popular in both American and England, and the novelist traveled round both countries, reading from his novels. He often became very excited during these readings. Some people believe that he had a heart attack as a result of his excitement during the reading of the final part of Oliver Twist.Module 4Music Born in AmericaAll You Need to Know About Hip HOPPART1What is hip hop and how did it start?Hip hop is an American cultural movement which started in the 1970s and block parties in New York, especially in a district called the Bronx. There are four main aspects of hip hop: breakdance and graffiti art plus two types of hip hop music –DJ-ing and rapping. Rapping is also known as MC- ing (coming from the term master of ceremonies). The DJs at block parties in the 1970s played a lot of soul music and they noticed that people preferred the percussion breaks in the songs because they were the best parts to dance to. So they started repeating the percussion breaks. This is a technique used by DJs in Jamaica. There were a lot of Jamaicans in New York who。
M4 reading and vocabulary:你应该了解的有关嬉蹦乐的知识Part 1 什么是嬉蹦乐?它是怎样开始的?①嬉蹦乐是一场美国文化运动,始于20 世纪70 年代纽约的街道舞会,特别是布朗克斯区.嬉蹦乐包含四个主要元素:霹雳舞、涂鸦和另外两种嬉蹦乐音乐说唱乐. 说唱也称为节目主持人(源于master of ceremonies 这个词的缩略形式).②20 世纪70 年代街区舞会上音乐主持人(DJ)播放很多灵乐,他们注意到大家更喜欢乐曲中的打击乐,因为打击乐非常适合跳舞。
②that 引导宾从;because 原因状从;to dance to 不定式做后置定语修饰parts于是,他们开始重复播放这些打击乐。
这是牙买加音乐主持人使用的一种技艺。
带去了有关音乐的理念。
起初,音乐主持人播放许多雷盖音乐。
Part 2 嬉蹦乐有何重大突破?para.1 埃尔克,当时最受欢迎的牙买真正喜欢雷盖音乐,于是他就开始播放其他种类的音乐,其中包括摇滚乐和迪斯科。
④这些打击乐通常很短,但埃尔克和其他音乐主持人利用摆放在一起的两个唱盘将两盘录音反复播放,使打击乐播放时间更长。
有些声喊叫的音乐主持人就被称之为节目主持人。
这样,称之为“说唱乐”.④make them longer “make+宾语+宾补”;By doing …通过做…,为方式状语para.2--3起初,这些节目主持人常常表演数小时,重复同样的单词和短语,然后即兴表演。
⑤后来,他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法,使用的押韵词汇经常是来自非籍美洲人的文化。
与此同时,人们开始在街区舞会上跳街舞。
⑥节目主持人达克•斯达回忆他第一次听到说唱歌手时的情景。
⑦ “我一听,”他说,“就知道这是一种全新的音乐。
”⑤using…伴随状语;often words…同位语⑥ the first time 做宾语,后跟定语从句⑦ the moment/mintue/second “一…就…”名词词组做连词引导时间状从Part 3 嬉蹦乐为什么会如此成功?主要有两个原因。
M4 reading and vocabulary:你应该了解的有关嬉蹦乐的知识Part 1什么是嬉蹦乐?它是怎样开始的?①嬉蹦乐是一场美国文化运动,始于20世纪70年代纽约的街道舞会,特别是布朗克斯区.嬉蹦乐包含四个主要元素:霹雳舞、涂鸦和另外两种嬉蹦乐音乐——流行音乐和说唱乐. 说唱也称为节目主持人(源于master of ceremonies这个词的缩略形式).②20世纪70年代街区舞会上音乐主持人(DJ)播放很多灵乐,他们注意到大家更喜欢乐曲中的打击乐,因为打击乐非常适合跳舞。
②that引导宾从;because原因状从;to dance to 不定式做后置定语修饰parts于是,他们开始重复播放这些打击乐。
这是牙买加音乐主持人使用的一种技艺。
纽约有许多牙买加人,他们从自己的国家带去了有关音乐的理念。
起初,音乐主持人播放许多雷盖音乐。
Part 2嬉蹦乐有何重大突破?para.1 埃尔克,当时最受欢迎的牙买加音乐主持人之一,注意到纽约观众并不真正喜欢雷盖音乐,于是他就开始播放其他种类的音乐,其中包括摇滚乐和迪斯科。
④这些打击乐通常很短,但埃尔克和其他音乐主持人利用摆放在一起的两个唱盘将两盘录音反复播放,使打击乐播放时间更长。
有些音乐主持人开始边放音乐边说话、叫喊。
大声喊叫的音乐主持人就被称之为节目主持人。
这样,称之为“说唱乐”的音乐风格就诞生了.④make them longer “make+宾语+宾补”; By doing …通过做…,为方式状语para.2--3起初,这些节目主持人常常表演数小时,重复同样的单词和短语,然后即兴表演。
⑤后来,他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法,使用的押韵词汇经常是来自非籍美洲人的文化。
与此同时,人们开始在街区舞会上跳街舞。
⑥节目主持人达克•斯达回忆他第一次听到说唱歌手时的情景。
⑦“我一听,”他说,“就知道这是一种全新的音乐。
”⑤using…伴随状语;often words…同位语⑥the first time做宾语,后跟定语从句⑦the moment/mintue/second “一…就…”名词词组做连词引导时间状从Part 3嬉蹦乐为什么会如此成功?主要有两个原因。
高中英语选修七课文翻译外研社篇一:高中英语选修七课文翻译Unit 1Living well Reading MARTY’S STORY 马蒂的故事你好,我叫马蒂·菲尔丁。
我想你可能会说我是“百万人中才有一个”的那种人。
换句话说,世界上像我这样的人并不多见。
你瞧,我的肌肉有毛病,使我的身体非常虚弱,所以我不能向别人那样快跑或快步爬楼梯。
另外,有时候我还会笨手笨脚、不小心摔掉东西,或磕碰到家具上。
不幸的是,医生们不知道如何治好我的病,但是我很开朗乐观,学会了适应身体的残疾。
我的座右铭是:活一天算一天。
十岁以前,我跟其他人是一样的。
我常常爬树、游泳、踢足球。
说实在的,我过去常常梦想我会成为职业球员,代表我的国家参加世界杯足球赛。
后来,我的身体开始变得越来越虚弱,以至于只能坐在体育场的长凳上欣赏足球了。
最后我到医院去做了检查,住了将近三个月的医院。
我想我至少做过十亿次检查了,包括有一次检查,他们从我的腿部切下一小块儿肌肉,放在显微镜下观察。
即使做过了所有这些检查,也没有人能够确诊这个病。
因此,很难知道将来会是个什么样子。
问题是我看上去跟平常人一样,因此,当我跑了很短的一段路之后,就喘不过气来,或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息,我的小学同学就会笑我。
有时候我的身体太虚弱,上不了学,因此落下了许多功课。
每次缺课之后,我就觉得自己很笨,因为我比别人落后了。
我在中学时期的生活(比在小学时)要轻松多了,因为我的同学已经接受了我的状况。
还有少数同学看不到我的内心世界,但是我并不生气,只是不去理会他们罢了。
总而言之,我生活得挺好。
我很高兴我能做许多事情,比如写作和电脑编程。
我有雄心壮志,长大后我要在开发电脑软件的公司里工作。
去年我开发了一个电脑足球游戏,有一家大公司已经决定从我这儿买走。
我的生活很充实,没有时间坐着顾影自怜。
除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛外,我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。
我有两只兔子、一只鹦鹉,一缸金鱼和一只乌龟。
第一单元篮球迈克尔乔丹——篮坛超人20世纪90年代,迈克尔乔丹可能是狮山最著名的运动员,他是NBA的顶尖邱yuan1984nean 到1993年间效力于芝加哥公牛队,他曾5次荣膺最有价值的球员的称号。
身着著名的23号球衣,迈克尔乔丹成为篮球运动史上最成功的球员。
乔丹出生于纽约,在北卡罗来纳州长打在加入芝加哥公牛队之前,他在北卡罗来纳大学习了一年。
在第一赛季(1984-1985),他就以平均每场28.2分的成绩成为联盟得分最高的球员之一。
1987年,乔丹成为在一个笑傲江湖重点额分超过3000分的第二个球员。
以后连续七个赛季(1987-1993),他都是NBA的得分王。
这期间,他每场比赛的平均分都超过30分。
有了他的参与,公牛队在1991年首次获得NBA总冠军。
在这段日子里,捷报频传,他们在1992年和1993年偶蝉联了总冠军。
驰奥迪也是人称“梦之队”的美国奥林匹克篮球队的成员。
这支球队在1992年西班牙巴塞罗那奥运会上夺去了金牌。
1993-1994赛季前乔丹退役,举世震惊。
但后来他有回到了芝加哥公牛队,并和队友们一起在1996年到1998年间有获得了三次冠军。
2003年40岁的驰奥迪在最终退出体坛前,还曾效力于华盛顿奇才队。
数百万的球迷们都很钦佩乔丹的运动才能,动力和信心。
他们可以讲述很多管用迈克尔乔丹的传奇故事,例如一次他在比赛的关键时刻拯救了公牛队,从而避免达成平局。
他走向罚球线发了两次球,每次他都把球直接投进了篮球——每次都是闭着眼睛投进去的。
离开篮坛,迈克尔乔丹开了一家自己的牛排馆,因为他很爱吃牛排。
在和著名卡通人物宾尼兔一起演出的影片《空中大灌篮》中,他也获得了成功!对于这位世界上最优秀的球员,只有一个词能用来形容他——令人敬佩。
高跷威尔特——神力之巅迈克尔乔丹是一个赛季中得分超过3000分的第二人,第一人是威尔特张伯伦。
张伯伦于1936年8月21日出生于费城。
他是家里11个孩子中唯一一个长得很高的。
1.选修七Unit1 MARTY’S STORY马蒂的故事Hi, my name is Marty Fielding and I guess you could say that I am "one in a million".你好。
我叫马蒂·菲尔丁。
我想你可能会说我是“百万人中才有一个”的那种人。
In other words, there are not many people like me. 换句话说,世界上像我这样的人并不多见。
You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can't run or climb stairs as quickly as other people. 你瞧,我的肌肉有毛病,使我的身体非常虚弱,所以我不能像别人那样快跑快步爬楼梯。
In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture. 再说,有时候我还会笨手笨脚、不小心摔掉东西,或磕碰到家具上。
Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. 不幸的是,大夫们不知道如何治好我的病,但是我很开朗乐观,学会了适应身体的残疾。
My motto is: live one day at a time. 我的座右铭是:活好每一天。
Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. 十岁以前,我跟其他人是一样的。
I used to climb trees, swim and play football. 我常常爬树、游泳、踢足球。
英语选修七第四单元课文及翻译Unit4(A篇)A LETTER HOMEDear Rosemary,Thanks for your letter, which took a fortnight to arrive. It was wonderful to hear from you. I know you're dying to hear all about my life here, so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.You asked about my high school. Well, it's a bush school –the classrooms are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track. When I reach the school grounds there are lots of "good mornings" for me from the boys. Many of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to school. There's no electricity or water and even no textbooks either! I'm still trying to adapt to these conditions. However, one thing is for sure, I've become more imaginative in my teaching. Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments. In fact there is no equipment, and if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a bucket! The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere! The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. To be honest, I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.You asked whether I'm getting to know any local people. Well, that's actually quite difficult as I don't speak much of the local English dialect yet. But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and1 did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe. It was my first visit to a remote village. We walked for two and a half hours to get there - first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below. When we arrived at the village, Tombe's mother, Kiak, who had been pulling weeds in her garden, started crying "ieee ieee". We shook hands with all the villagers. Everyone seemed to be a relative of Tombe's.Tombe's father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof - this shows it is a man's house. The huts were round, not rectangular like the school buildings. There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through. The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust. Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a newly made platform for Jenny and me to sleep on. Usually Kiak would sleep in her own hut, but that night she was going to share the platform with us. Mukap and Tombe were to sleep on small beds in another part of the hut. There was a fireplace in the centre of the hut near the doorway. The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars.Outside Mukap was building a fire. Once the fire was going, he laid stones on it. When hot, he placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau (sweet potato), corn and greens. He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam. I sniffed the food; it smelled delicious. We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire. I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate the conversation. Luckily, Tombe could be our interpreter.Later, I noticed a tin can standing upside down on the grill over the fire. After a short time Tombe threw it out of the doorway. I was puzzled. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food. They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night, so the food is dried up in the can and the can is then thrown out of the hut. Otherwise they don't waste anything.We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we climbed down the mountain towards home. That evening I fell happily into bed. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with T ombe's family.It's getting late and I have to prepare tomorrow's lessons and do some paperwork. Please write soon.LoveJo一封家信亲爱的罗斯玛丽:谢谢你的来信,这封信两星期才到。
M4 reading and vocabulary:你应该了解的有关嬉蹦乐的知识Part 1什么是嬉蹦乐?它是怎样开始的?①嬉蹦乐是一场美国文化运动,始于20世纪70年代纽约的街道舞会,特别是布朗克斯区.嬉蹦乐包含四个主要元素:霹雳舞、涂鸦和另外两种嬉蹦乐音乐——流行音乐和说唱乐. 说唱也称为节目主持人(源于master of ceremonies这个词的缩略形式).②20世纪70年代街区舞会上音乐主持人(DJ)播放很多灵乐,他们注意到大家更喜欢乐曲中的打击乐,因为打击乐非常适合跳舞。
②that引导宾从;because原因状从;to dance to 不定式做后置定语修饰parts于是,他们开始重复播放这些打击乐。
这是牙买加音乐主持人使用的一种技艺。
纽约有许多牙买加人,他们从自己的国家带去了有关音乐的理念。
起初,音乐主持人播放许多雷盖音乐。
Part 2嬉蹦乐有何重大突破?para.1 埃尔克,当时最受欢迎的牙买加音乐主持人之一,注意到纽约观众并不真正喜欢雷盖音乐,于是他就开始播放其他种类的音乐,其中包括摇滚乐和迪斯科。
④这些打击乐通常很短,但埃尔克和其他音乐主持人利用摆放在一起的两个唱盘将两盘录音反复播放,使打击乐播放时间更长。
有些音乐主持人开始边放音乐边说话、叫喊。
大声喊叫的音乐主持人就被称之为节目主持人。
这样,称之为“说唱乐”的音乐风格就诞生了.④make them longer “make+宾语+宾补”; By doing …通过做…,为方式状语para.2--3起初,这些节目主持人常常表演数小时,重复同样的单词和短语,然后即兴表演。
⑤后来,他们尝试用不同的发声和奏乐方法,使用的押韵词汇经常是来自非籍美洲人的文化。
与此同时,人们开始在街区舞会上跳街舞。
⑥节目主持人达克•斯达回忆他第一次听到说唱歌手时的情景。
⑦“我一听,”他说,“就知道这是一种全新的音乐。
”⑤using…伴随状语;often words…同位语⑥the first time做宾语,后跟定语从句⑦the moment/mintue/second “一…就…”名词词组做连词引导时间状从Part 3嬉蹦乐为什么会如此成功?主要有两个原因。
首先,它的成本低廉且容易操作——你只需要两个唱盘和一个麦克风。
使用录制好的歌曲,谁都可以当主持人。
⑧其次,人们厌倦了当时的流行音乐——20世纪70年代中期迪斯科和摇滚乐都在走下坡路。
但是,迪斯科音乐节奏强烈,跳舞容易跟上节奏。
⑨嬉蹦乐利用了这一点,为那些不喜欢迪斯科的人们提供了别样的迪斯科音乐!⑧in decline=on the decline(状态)go/fall into decline(动作) ;decline to do (v.) Part 4说唱歌手是怎样录制歌曲的?⑩说唱艺术家初次录制音乐时,音乐家先在录音室里录制背景音乐(一种不加歌声的音乐),说唱歌手过后再加进他们自己的声音。
⑾第二代的说唱歌手在音乐家演奏时同时录制歌声。
纽约在20世纪80年代曾是嬉蹦乐之都,其风格被称为东海岸说唱乐。
这种风格很快就传到了美国其他地区。
在加利福尼亚有许多西海岸说唱歌手。
在迈阿密和佛罗里达,受古巴和波多黎各音乐的强烈影响,产生了一种新的说唱风格.⑩the first time 名词词组引导时间状从⑾the same ….as the musicians (played)此处为省略现象;20世纪80年代后期,说唱音乐传到了世界各地——日本、印度以及欧洲的许多地区,特别是法国、比利时和意大利。
⑿在英国,一种被称之为迷幻舞曲的新音乐形式出现了,它融合了爵士乐、嬉蹦乐和电子音乐(例如电脑上播放的音乐)。
⑿called…做a new music后置定语;a mixture of… 做同位语;played on… 做music的后置定语Cultural corner (books, P55)路易斯·阿姆斯特朗是音乐史上最有影响力的艺术家之一。
他于1901年出生在新奥尔良的路易斯安娜州,13岁时开始演奏音乐并成为即席创作爵士独奏的先驱。
在阿姆斯特朗之前,爵士音乐家们常常同时一起即席创作。
阿姆斯特朗发展了个人独奏的新观点。
他的外号叫Satchmo, “书包口”的简称,因为他的一张大嘴看起来就像书包的口。
他于1971年在纽约去世。
para.2 罗伯特·约翰逊是一位布鲁斯歌手和吉他演奏家,他被称为“摇滚乐之父.”他于1911年出生于密西西比.约翰逊写了一些非常诗意的、忧伤的歌曲.他的音乐影响了数代的现代摇滚音乐家,包括埃里克·克莱普顿和滚石乐队.他只录制过两次他的歌曲——第一次于1936年在德克萨斯州圣安东尼奥的一家旅馆里.尽管如此,他尽力录制了29首歌曲。
约翰·哈蒙德,一位为他制作专辑的黑人音乐专家说道:我希望黑人音乐给白人听众留下印象,我们有很多优秀的布鲁斯音乐,爵士音乐和福音音乐方面了不起的艺术家——其中,罗伯特·约翰逊是最伟大的。
”para.3 ①伍迪·格思里是一位乡村音乐歌手,1912年出生于俄克拉荷马州,那一年正好是伍德罗·威尔逊当选总统,因此他的父母就以总统的名字给他取名为伍罗·威尔逊·格思里。
他被认为是抗议音乐的先驱,并影响了像鲍勃·迪伦这样的艺术家。
在20世纪30年代,他和家人一起搬到了加利福尼亚州找工作。
格思里开始写关于被有权势的地主剥削的移民工人的歌曲。
他还在美国共和党会议上演奏音乐。
当有人问道他为什么参加左翼派的人召集的会议时,他答道:“左翼,右翼,或者鸡翼——对我来说都一样。
”随着年龄的增长,他的歌曲变得更加幽默,乐观。
②“我想告诉大家的是,不论你是黑人还是白人,肥胖还是瘦小,年长或年幼,这些都不重要——我们都是一样的,这是一个美妙的世界,你可以在有生之年做些事情”。
②that 引导表语从句; if“是否”,引导主语从句(it做形式主语)Reading and writing (books,P52)有一天,我们的科学老师问同学们: “你们认为听音乐对你们的学习有帮助吗?”①老师告诉我们,有人相信古典音乐.如莫扎特的音乐,可以放松大脑并有助于集中精力。
在几年前的一次心理测验中,有些学生由于在考试前听了莫扎特的音乐而使考试成绩暂时提高.老师想看看这对她的学生是否有用。
②就我个人而言,当我试着集中精力写一篇文章或复习时,我会听些音乐,因为如果没有音乐,周围太安静了, 我会睡着的。
①两个that均引导宾语从句;②in o ne’s case /in this/that/any/no case; get an essay written- get/have sth done 结构③但是如果我听强烈的音乐、说唱乐或者摇滚乐,我的字迹会变得潦草而且我的思绪会混乱。
我的朋友杰克说, “不行!任何音乐都让我没法学习—我必须在安静的情况下学习,否则我无法思考!”老师告诉我们她会尝试一下这个理论,在下次考试前为我们播放一些古典音乐,看我们的成绩是否提高!③get ,stay 都是系动词,后常接形容词表状态; 也可以接介词短语。
Reading Practice(books,P53)香港的音乐para.1①在一个有700万人口的地区兴起了一种世上最伟大的流行音乐。
粤语流行歌曲不仅仅吸引了香港本地大批听众,还走出家门,传到各地,流行歌星在北京、伦敦和纽约都非常出名。
香港的音乐越来越繁荣。
①介词短语放在句首引起完全倒装。
原句: Some of the greatest pop music in the world has arisen from a region of seven million people.Para.2在世界大部分地区,流行音乐是两代的人之间产生代沟的象征。
②但是粤语流行歌曲只表达了融洽与美德,香港有幸成为世界上最传统的音乐基地。
明星们也不穿很新潮的衣服。
女士们穿着干净的衬衫,男士们穿着平整的长裤。
他们的形象整洁,举止良好,因此母亲们都喜欢让自己的孩子看他们表演。
③大多数人一致认为这种音乐很好。
但是,……不同的地区看法不同。
para.3--4歌迷们期望明星们有规律的改变。
你不用天生丽质,只需要一张空白支票和一个时尚顾问。
歌手陈慧琳每三个月改变一次造型,但她声称她并不自负。
作为给歌迷们的惊喜,基本上所有的粤语歌手都会演电影,从张学友到王菲。
刘德华就经常扮演坏小子或者拍浪漫喜剧,他们的电影光碟DVD和VCD在全世界销售。
claim to do/ to have done/ that…声称做…/已经做过…/…Star v.主演…para.5香港的明星们非常努力工作,进度也都很迅速。
一些明星一年拍10部电影,另一些一年录制4张唱片,同时还有安排紧凑的演唱会和电视节目。
去年20岁的谢霆锋发行了5张专辑,他的女经纪人还说这只达到了最低线。
不然他很快就会被公司和歌迷遗弃。
④当新专辑发行的时候,明星们就像消费品一样被出售,因为年轻的歌迷们把他们的零用钱都花在购买最新专辑上。
⑤这可远远不是一项业余工作。
④market v.在市场上出售n.市场⑤far from +n./代词/adj./doingpara.6歌迷们对他们喜爱的明星非常忠实。
他们经常在网上相互交流超级巨星的信息。
他们在音乐会上大喊他们的名字并索要亲笔签名。
粤语流行歌曲的天王们有张学友、郭富城、黎明和刘德华,⑥他们的名气就是他们的养老金,为了他们的后半生他们也不会退出演艺舞台。
⑦但是新星也不甘落后,包括李克勤、许志安、古巨基和梁汉文。
郑秀文一年很轻松地卖掉100万张专辑。
歌迷认为他们的音乐纯净,令人耳目一新,很适合在卡拉OK里点唱。
⑦the new talent 新出的歌星Para.7 粤语流行歌曲不仅仅是一种流行音乐,也是音乐之王。
⑧任何一种在世界上有百万歌迷的音乐必定有它的可取之处。
⑧which引导定语从句;do something right 做正确的事情。