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2007 National English Contestfor College Students(Level C -Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 points)Section A (6 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 6 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. He hasn’t found a suitable one. B. He hasn’t enough money.C. He prefers his old one.2. A. In ten minutes. B. In fifteen minutes. C. In twenty minutes.3. A. Have dinner with Mary. B. See a film with Mary.C. Do his homework.4. A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.5. A. He has to go to the bank. B. He has missed the train.C. His train has been delayed.6. A. £315. B. £350. C. £375.Section B (4 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. The conversation will be read only once. At the end of the conversation, there will be a one-minute pause. During the pause, you must read the four questions, each with three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.7. What office is the student looking for?A. Accounting.B. Economic History.C. Economics.8. When was the orientation meeting held?A. Yesterday.B. Last Friday.C. A week ago.9. What is the rule about attendance at lectures?A. It is optional.B. It is necessary.C. It is difficult to enforce.10. How often does the student have to attend tutorials?A. Once every other week.B. Three times a week.C. Once a week.Section C (10 points)Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short news items. After each item, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the question and then the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.11. When did the bomb go off in a popular market in central Baghdad?A. Late in the evening.B. At mid-morning.C. Late in the afternoon.12. What’s the purpose of the Amber Alert program?A. To report the number of children missing in the U.S. every year.B. To help find the children who are believed to have been abducted.C. To find out the reasons why children are kidnapped in the U.S.13. How many villages have been involved in the inter-communal fighting in Chad?A. Fewer than 8.B. About 10.C. Over 20.14. What is the best tactic when you’re caught up by a rolling wave of snow?A. To create space around you.B. To outrun the avalanche.C. To leave the ski resort instantly.15. What’s the news item mainly talking about?A. Development of medical technology.B. Health care in California.C. Health insurance in the U.S.16. How many people did bird flu kill in Indonesia in two weeks?A. 5.B. 2.C. 35.17. What’s the function of the new drug produced by Pfizer?A. Reducing dogs’ weight.B. Increasing dogs’ appetite.C. Controlling dogs’ population.18. What will soon begin in the southern Senegalese towns?A. Planting new agricultural crops.B. Biofuel production.C. Fuel recycling.19. When did Ponti begin making films?A. In 1913.B. In 1931.C. In 1938.20. What’s the main reason Democrats could regain control of Congress after 12 years?A. Nancy Pelosi has become their leader.B. Americans are dissatisfied with the Iraq war.C. They support sending more troops to Iraq.Section D (10 points)Directions:In this section, you will hear a short passage. There are ten missing words or phrases in it. Fill in the blanks with the exact words you hear on the tape. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Every traveller has a tale to tell about bad driving. These are usually exaggerated (21) __________ of life on the main streets of cities where the motorists are crazy and traffic lights are treated as colourful (22) __________.It all happened on a Sunday April morning. I (23) __________ my intention to turn left into a side road and paused as the oncoming traffic cleared. But as I drove across the road, an elderly man driving a battered Renault 12 chose to overtake me (24) __________ pass on the inside. There was a fearful bang and my car was pushed sideways. I felt groggy and bruised and was taken to hospital in the back seat of a police car. There my spleen was removed. Fortunately, though, my recovery was steady and (25) __________.But that’s not the end of the tale. Yes, I had taken out insurance and it covered my medical expenses, (26) __________ while I recovered and my flights home. However, as always, there was a catch to it. I had (27)__________ hired my car from a backstreet firm called Kavis that had been recommended by the hotel front desk. I was assured that I had full insurance cover, but Kavis (28) __________ my credit card £800 on the day of the accident. My solicitor took advice on the form I had signed. Being in a hurry at the time, I hadn’t (29) __________ to get it translated. “Mr. Balmer was stupid to sign this document,” it read. I (30) __________ with a smile. After all, I am still alive!Section A (6 points)1. A2. C3. B4. B5. C6. BSection B (4 points)7. C 8. A 9. B 10. CSection C (10 points)11. B 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. BSection D (10 points)21. accounts 22. decorations 23. signalled 24. ratherthan 25. complete 26. accommodation 27. foolishly 28. charged 29. bothered 30. paid up。
2007 National English Contestfor College Students(Level C -Preliminary)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 points)SectionA (6 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 6 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, and decide which isthe best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. He hasn蒺t found a suitable one. B. He hasn蒺t enough money.C. He prefers his old one.2. A. In ten minutes. B. In fifteen minutes. C. In twenty minutes.3. A. Have dinner with Mary. B. See a film with Mary.C. Do his homework.4. A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.5. A. He has to go to the bank. B. He has missed the train.C. His train has been delayed.6. A.谊315. B.谊350. C.谊375.SectionB (4 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear one long conversation. The conversation will be-12007 National English Contest for College Students(Level C -Preliminary)参考答案及作文评分标准Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 points)SectionA (6 points)1.A2.C3.B4.B5.C6.月SectionB (4 points)7.C 8.A 9.B 10.CSectionC (10 points)11.B 12.B 13.C 14.A 15.B 16.A 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.BSectionD (10 points)21. accounts 22. decorations 23. signalled 24. rather than 25. complete 26. accommo原dation 27. foolishly 28. charged 29. bothered 30. paid upPart II V ocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 points)31.B 32.D 33.B 34.A 35.B 36.D 37.C 38.B 39.A 40.A41.C 42.A 43.B 44.A 45.DPart III IQ Test (5 minutes, 5 points)46.B 47.C 48.B 49.A 50.BPart IV Reading Comprehension (25 minutes, 40 points)SectionA (6 points)51.B 52.C 53.D 54.A 55.D 56.ASectionB (7 points)57.N 58.NG 59.Y 60.Y 61.Y 62.N 63.NGSectionC (7 points)64.B 65.F 66.A 67.G 68.D 69.H 70.C-1SectionD (10 points)71. Lying. / Not acting, but lying.72. Nicolas Cage.73. They thought its script was weak.74. Three.75. His good looks and“bad boy”image.SectionE (10 points)76. low levels77. best-selling periodicals78. inferior cultural form79. represent the interests80. cultural and mediaPart V Cloze (10 minutes, 10 points)81. whether 82. suggestion 83. especially 84. instruction 85. forms 86. applied to87. both 88. greater 89. strength 90. whichPart VI Translation (15 minutes, 20 points)SectionA (10 points)91.两位著名的神经专家认为，积极的生活方式和健康的、富含鱼类的饮食不仅对心脏有好处，还有助于攻克由衰老引起的记忆力减退。
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)A类研究生初赛英语真题2007年Part I Listening C o m p e r h e n s i o nSection AIn this section, you will hear 6 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be read only once. After e a c h question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the three choices marked A, B and C, a nd decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the ce n t r e.1.A.Work in the garden.B.Go to the beach.C.Watch TV.A [解析]A: Bye, Mark, have a nice weekend.B: Thanks, same to you. Doing anything exciting?A: No, not really. We were thinking of going to the beach, but I don't think Martin is well enough to go. So he will probably stay in and watch TV. And I'll plant the rose bushes I bought yesterday.Q: What's the woman going to do this weekend? 女士说他们本打算去海边，但是Matin身体不大好，所以她会plant the rose bushes，而Martin则呆在家里看电视。
2007年12月英语三级考试A级真题及答案——附作文2007年12月英语三级考试A级真题Part I Listening ComprehensionDirections: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections.Section ANow the test will begin.1. A) A week ago.B) Two weeks ago.C) Three weeks ago.D) Four weeks ago.2. A) good friends.B) Linda and peter want to work together.C) Linda and Peter live in the same house.D) Linda and Peter work in different offices.3. A) Tom is coming for dinner.B) Tom won’t be able to come.C) Tom will give a dinner party.D) Tom won’t be away on business.4. A) In the bank.B) In the office.C) In the hospital.D) In the travel agency.5. A) To fax the report.B) To write the report.C) To copy the report.D) To email the report.Section BDirections: This section is to test your ability to understandshort conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions. Both the conversations and questions will be spoken two times. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D) given in your test paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Conversation 16. A) One.B) Two.C) Three.D) Four.7. A) Book a room.B) Fill out a form.C) Show his passport.D) Take away the suitcases.Conversation 28. A) Movie tickets.B) Concert tickets.C) Museum tickets.D) Opera tickets.9. A) Front seat tickets.B) Back seat tickets.C) Box tickets.D) Standing tickets.10. A) 8 pounds.B) 16 pounds.C) 30 pounds.D) 60 pounds.Section CDirections: This section is to test your ability to comprehend short passages. You will hear a recorded passage. After that you will hear five questions. Both the passage and the questions will be read two times. When you hear a question, you should complete the answer to it with a word or a short phrase (in no more than 3 words). The questions and incomplete answers are printed in your test paper. You should write your answers on the Answer Sheet correspondingly. Now listen to the passage.11. Why are more and more people able to work at home?Because of the increasing use of ________________________________.12. What are the advantages of working at home?It saves time and money and enables people to be their own___________.13. What is another advantage of working at home?It reduces ___________________________.14. What is the at home only?There isn’t enough ___________________________ interaction.15. What conclusion can we draw about working at home from the passage?Working at home is getting popular but most people need to meet their colleagues_______.Part II Vocabulary & StructureDirections: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences. It consists of 2 sections.Section ADirections: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then you should mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the center.16. Although ，he insisted _________going there together with us.A) toB) onC) atD) for17. I’ll ask Mr. Smith to ring you up _________he comes back to the office.A) whenB) whereC) becauseD) although18. They regard _________as their duty to provide the best service for their customers.A) thisB) whatC) itD) that19. Not until the day before yesterday _________to give a speech at the meeting.A) he agreedB) does he agreeC) he agreesD) did he agree20. _________up at the clock on the wall，the secretary found it was already midnight.A) LookingB) LookC) To lookD) Looked21. The first textbook _________for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A) writingB) writtenC) to writeD) to be written22. Young _________he is，an able salesman.A) thatB) whoC) asD) which23. I don’t doubt _________the stock market will recover from the economic crisis.A) ifB) whatC) thatD) which24. In our company，great changes _________since the new manager came.A) took placeB) take placeC) will have taken placeD) have taken place25. News came from the sales manager _________the new product had been selling well in the local market for three months.A) whoseB) whatC) whichD) thatSection BDirections: There are 10 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets. Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26. Sandy made quite a number of(apply) _________for a management position but failed every time.27. The graduates had a(cheer) _________farewell party before leaving the college.28. Karl probably(see) _________“Star Wars”several times for he knows every detail of the film.29. Believe it or not，when first(introduce) _________to Europe，tomato was thought to be poisonous.30. A telephone user may pay a fixed monthly charge and(allow) _________to make an unlimited number of local calls in the month.31. I remember(see) _________you somewhere before，but I can’t tell the exact place.32. I don’t think it necessary(discuss) _________the the problem is settled.33. Since five managers are going to give their reports，the meeting(last) _________for at least two hours.34. Although he was(deep) _________hurt by what she said to him，he made no reply.35. It is strongly recommended that teachers(use) _________computers to assist in their classroom teaching.Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill. You should read the reading materialscarefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Melbourne，with a population of over 3.5 million，is the second largest city in Australia. It is clean，safe，dynamic and exciting，and well known internationally for its universities and other educational institutions.The city has well-planned tree-lined beautiful parks and gardens. It has a good transport system of roads，buses，trains，and trams(电车). The La Trobe University(拉特罗布大学) campus is connected to the Central Business District by trams，express buses，and bus and train connections.Melbourne is a culturally rich city，and is home to large communities of people from all parts of Europe，the Americas，Africa，and Asia. The city is famous for its restaurants，theatres，music，opera，ballet，art，culture，and shops，and a lively and dynamic nightlife. Melbourne people are enthusiastic about sports，and the city hosts many famous international sports events. Near Melbourne there are beautiful coastlines with excellent beaches，national parks，forests，wineries(葡萄酒厂) ，winter snowfields and summer resorts.The climate is temperate and comfortable，with warm summers and cool winters. In summer，maximum daytime temperatures range from 26℃to 36℃，and in winter from 12℃to 18℃.1]he weather inMelbourne can be variable from day to day. In 2002.Melbourne was rated the world’s bestcity to live in by the Economist Intelligence Unit.36. Melbourne is well-known in the world for its__________________.A) large populationB) educational institutionsC) transport systemD) beautiful parks and gardens37.According to the passage，Melbourne is a city where_________.A) rich people choose to liveB) the best wine is producedC) various cultures existD) Asian food is popular38. Melbourne people are very interested in_________.A) sportsB) sunbathingC) sightseeingD) traveling39. The word temperate in the sentence “The climate is temperate…”(Line 10) ，most probably means ________.A) hotB) mildC) dryD) cold40. The best title for the passage might be_________.A) An Ideal Place for ShoppingB) A City with the Best ClimateC) The World’s Best City to Live inD) The World’s Most Beautiful CityTask 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1. The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Terms and Conditions of EmploymentThese terms and conditions should be read before you sign your contract.Salary：Your starting salary is：$15，000.This is reviewed annually.Hours：work are eight hours a day，Monday through Friday. You will start work on Feb.21，2008.On the first morning，report to your line manager John Knight.Health and safety：Please read the safety regulations attached. If you have any questions，contact the health and safety officer，whose name is at the top of the regulation sheet. If you have health problems，please inform the Senior Nurse，Chris Thomas. If you cannot work because of illness，please telephone the factory.Annual leave：During your first year of employment you ale allowed twenty days’leave. This should be arranged with your line manager.Overtime(加班) ：If you work more than forty hours a week，you will be paid at the current overtime rate. Your line manager will keep a record of the overtime you work. If you work on public holidays，you will be paid at the current rates. If you prefer，time can be taken instead ofextra pay for public holidays and overtime.Clothing：The Supplies Department provides overalls(工作服) .Inform Supplies of your size two days before you need them. You can also order any other equipment you need for your jobfrom Supplies.41. According to the contract，the salary of the employee_________.A) is paid weeklyB) is adjusted every quarterC) is re-examined from year to yearD) is fixed for the whole contract period42. If employees have any health problem，they should_________.A) telephone the factoryB) inform the Senior NurseC) report to t11eir line managerD) contact the health and safety officer43. The line manager is responsible for____________.A) giving a pay raiseB) signing a contractC) arranging annual leaveD) helping with personal affairs44. If employees work on public holidays，usually they will get_________.A) extra days offB) extra moneyC) a pay raiseD) paid holidays45. When they need overalls for their job，employees should inform the Supplies Department of_________.A) the sizeB) the colorC) the styleD) the quantityTask 3Directions: The following is part of a job advertisement. After reading it, you are required to complete the outline below it (No.46 to No.50). You should write your answers briefly (in no more than three words) on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.INFORMA TION SECURITY SPECIALISTNOTE：Please directly through this website，as well as emailing your resume as an attachment to us at resumes@/doc/8a17333495.html,JOB DESCRIPTION:Establishes and satisfies highly challenging and complex information system security(ISS) requirements based upon the analysis of user，operational，policy，regulatory，and resource demands.Supports the development，implementation，and operation of ISS-enabling technologies, processes, and procedures into client systems and networks.Also requires an expert understanding of security policy advocated by the U.S Government including Department of Defense and other agencies，e.g.，Treasury，as well as commercial best security practices.EDUCATION:Bachelor’s degree in Computer Science or related fields.REQUIRED SKILLS:ISS Policy，Procedures，and Planning，RACF，LAN，LIFE CYCLE，Microsoft NT，Network Security，Office Automation Tools.LOCATION:New Carrollton，Maryland or Falls Church, VirginiaCONTACT US AT:resumes@/doc/8a17333495.html,U.S. Citizenship or U.S. Permanent Resident status required for employment.A job advertisementPosition offered: -46-Responsibilities：to establish and satisfy -47- requirements Qualifications：1. -48- degree2.required skillsCitizenship required：US Citizenship or -49-Way of contact：by -50-Task 4Directions: The following is a list of terms for library signs. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to (与…等同) those given in Chinese in the table below. Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A—reading，reference and copyingB—staff onlyC—closed shelves for undergraduatesD—information retrieval roomE—inter-library loanF—display＆reading room for new booksG—multi-media reading roomH—reference department officeI—novelty researchJ—lecture hallK—reading room for reference booksL—return depositM—reading roomN—title catalogueO—circulation for foreign booksP—card catalogueQ—periodicals and magazinesExamples：(O) 外文书刊借阅(D) 信息检索室51.( ) 员工专用( ) 多媒体阅览室52.( ) 参考书阅览室( ) 中文社科图书阅览室53.( ) 报告厅( ) 书名目录54.( ) 卡片目录( ) 新书展阅室55.( ) 期刊杂志阅览( ) 馆际互借Task 5Directions: The following is an agreement. After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No.56 to No.60) that follow. The answers (in no more than 3 words) should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.(Website) Visitor Agreement/doc/8a17333495.html, is provided to you by Cox Texas Newspapers. This visitor agreement is legally binding(有约束力的) between you and us. Please read this visitor agreement；by using this service，you accept its terms. The Internet is a fast growing medium；we may change the terms of this agreement from time to time. By continuing to use the service after we post any such changes，you accept this agreement as modified.We reserve the fight to deny access to this website，or any service provided via this website，to anyone who violates(违反) this visitor agreement or who，in our judgment，interferes with the ability of others to enjoy this website，or infringes(侵犯) the fights of others.We invite you to send in your questions or comments about this website，or to any material you believe to be inaccurate. Please send such comments，including a copy of any materialyou wish to discuss to：Jim SmithGeneral Manager/doc/8a17333495.html,305 South Congress AvenueAustin，Texas 78704Phone：(512) 912—2510Fax：(512) 912-2926 Or e—mail us.56. Who are the two parties to the agreement?The provider of the website and its __________________.57. What is meant if you go on using the service after changes in the agreement are posted?It means you have __________________the modification.58. What will happen if a visitor breaks this agreement?The visitor will be denied access to this__________________.59. What are visitors invited to do about this website?Send in their __________________about the website.60. What can visitors do when they find materials on the website inaccurate?They can send their comments to__________________.Part IV Translation -- English into ChineseDirections: This part, numbered 61 through 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese. After each of the sentences numbered 61 to 64, you will read four choices of suggested translation. You should choose the best translation and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. And for the paragraph numbered 65, write your translation in the corresponding space on the Translation/ Composition Sheet.61. professional hair—care products indicates that consumers are paying as much attention to their hair as to theirskin.A) 专业护发产品的增加表明消费者既关心护发，也关心护肤。
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Part I Listening Comprehension (25minutes,30points)Section A (6points)1.A2.A3.B4.C5.B6.CSection B (4points)7.A 8.B 9.C 10.CSection C (10points)11.C 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.BSection D (10points)21.electronic database 22.registered 23.agencies 24.books 25.details shows 27.special skills 28.particular qualities 29.theatrical shows 30.productPart II Vocabulary and Structure (10minutes,15points)31.C 32.D 33.C 34.B 35.D 36.B 37.C 38.A 39.D 40.B 41.A 42.D 43.A 44.C 45.BPart III IQ Test (5minutes,5points)46.B 47.C 48.D 49.A 50.CPart IV Reading Comprehension (25minutes,40points)Section A (7points)51.B 52.C 53.A 54.D 55.B 56.C 57.BSection B (7points)2007National English Contest for College Students(Level A -Preliminary)参考答案及作文评分标准1--赛才英语竞赛论坛h t tp ://e n .s ai c a i .c o m58.N 59.N 60.Y 61.NG 62.Y 63.NG 64.YSection C (6points)65.G 66.C 67.E 68.F 69.D 70.BSection D (10points)71.It is no longer sinking but rising.72.the pumping of underground water73.changing weather patterns,damage to the lagoon from erosion 74.Clay and sand.75.the basilica,palaces and bell tower.Section E (10points)76.policies 77.trade unions 78.freedom 79.(more)job opportunities 80.current /majorPart V Cloze (10minutes,10points)81.limited 82.relies rmation 84.tame 85.prefers86.least87.qualities88.experience 89.familiarity 90.differentPart VI Translation (15minutes,20points)Section A (10points)91.如果我们在几代以后能够做到它们（家蝇）那样，我们每小时就能飞行2，000公里，我们就不再需要那些破坏臭氧层的飞机和占用土地的机场了。
2007年全国大学生英语竞赛A类初赛赛卷2007 National English Contest for College Students Part ⅡVocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 points)31. Email newsletter marketing is morn cost-effective than ________ any other form of marketingthat a firm does.A. reallyB. utterlyC. practicallyD. specially32. I think my problems at work ________ the fact that I never really wanted to go intoaccountancy as a career.A. bring backB. stir upC. lie behindD. spring from33. The bill, which was approved in its first reading, bans tobacco advertising in the media,sponsorship of public events by tobacco producers.A. and so doesB. nor was itsC. as well asD. and might as well34. ________ with the truth in small matters cannot be trusted with important matters.A. No matter who is carelessB. Whoever is carelessC. He is carelessD. As is careless35. That week’s talent included a spectacular dance team from Argentina, a popular rock group, atop vocalist and a magicianA. which made everything in sight disappearB. that was making all at sight disappearC. who made all at sight to disappearD. who made everything in sight disappear36. I spent all the winter break with my friends. Not a single day ________ a few hours to myself.A. I hadB. did I haveC. had ID. I was having37. I’m sorry you’ve decided not to go with us on the river trip, but ________ you change yourmind, there will still be enough room on the boat for you.A. even thoughB. neverthelessC. in the event thatD. provided if38. When I first arrived here to take up my new job, I stayed in a hotel, but I soon started lookingfor a permanent ________, a place to ________ my own.A. residence; callB. accommodation; referC. household; beD. habitation; say39. So, ________, there remains a fundamental question: at what precise time does life begin?A. everything been consideredB. all being consideredC. all to be consideredD. all things considered40. What is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on a child’s character ________ islearned through experience.A. asB. as whatC. thatD. like what41. ________ she disliked the idea of marriage, she knew that political reasons might make itnecessary.A. Much asB. As muchC. Much thoughD. Though much42. For security reasons, always log when you leave your computer unattended for anyperiod of time.A. onB. upC. inD. out43. The teacher was worried about the play her young class was putting on for the parents but,fortunately, everything ________ off without any problems.A. passedB. tookC. calledD. walked44. Tom: Hurry up —we haven ’t got much time —we ’re going to be late.Jerry: Don ’t worry. ________ . The train doesn ’t leave for fifteen minutes, and there isn ’t muchtraffic on the road.Tom: I know, but we ’ve got to park the car first and at this time in the morning there probably isn ’t much space in the car park.Jerry: ________ I ’m sure there ’s still be a few places left.A. Leave it to me; Don ’t be sillyB. Do trust me; Take your timeC. T here ’s plenty of time; Take it easyD. Let me see; Don ’t be ridiculous45. Receptionist: Hello, Skip ’s Gym. This is Kathy speaking. ________?Caller: Hi. I ’ve just seen your advert in the local paper. Could I speak to someone about becoming a member?Receptionist: Certainly________.Caller: OK. Dainty, Luke Dainty.A. How do you do; your phone number, pleaseB. How can I help; can I have your name, pleaseC. Any problem; what ’s your exercise itemD. Anything I can do for you; Are you a local residentPart Ⅲ IQ Test (5 minutes, 5 points)There are 5 IQ Test questions in this part. For each question there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.46. Which word completes the sentence?Controversy is to quarrel as agreement is to ...A. joyB. concordC. satisfactionD. agony47. Find the missing number.A. 15B. 9.C. 27D. 29.48. Different foods are to be found on three shelves in a fridge. Butter is kept below the eggswhile cheese is kept above the milk. The butter is also above the milk, but the eggs are on the same shelf as the yoghurt. The ice cream is above the cheese. What is on the bottom shelf?A. Butter.B. Eggs.C. Cheese.D. Milk.49. You are given a series of pictures. Yourtask is to see their relationship to eachother, then work out which will be thenext figure in the series. You have tochoose one from the four possible answersprovided.50. Two aero planes are flying straight towards each other. One is traveling at 10 kilometres perminute, and the other at 15 kilometres per minute. Assuming that the planes are exactly 1,000kilometres apart, what distance will be between them one minute before they crash into each other?A. 10 kilometres.B. 15 kilometres.C. 25 kilometres.D. 5 kilometres.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (25 minutes, 40 points)Harry Houdini, who died in 1927, was the entertainment phenomenon of the ragtime era. He could escape from chains and padlocks, from ropes and canvas sacks. They put him in a strait-jacket and hung him upside down from a skyscraper and he somehow untied himself. They tied him up in a locked packing case and sank him in Liverpool docks. Minutes later he. surfaced smiling. They locked him in zinc-lined Russian prison van and he emerged leaving the doors locked and the locks undamaged. They padlocked him in a milk churn full of water and he burst free. They put him in a coffin, screwed down the lid, and buffed him and well, no, he didn’t pop up like a mole, but when they dug him up more than half an hour later, he was still breathing.Houdini would usually allow his equipment to be examined by the audience. The chains, locks and packing eases all seemed perfectly genuine, so it was tempting to conclude that he possessed superhuman powers. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes was the very paragon of analytical thinking but Conan Doyle believed that Houdini achieved his tricks through spiritualism. Indeed, he wrote to the escapologist imploring him to use his psychic powers more profitably for the common good instead of just prostituting his talent every night at the Alhambra. However, Houdini repeatedly denounced spiritualism and disclaimed any psychic element to his act.The alternative explanation for his feats of escapism was that Houdini could do unnatural things with his body. It is widely held that he could dislocate his shoulders to escape from strait-jackets, and that he could somehow contract his wrists in order to escape from handcuffs. His ability to spend long periods in confined spaces is cited as evidence that he could put his body into suspended animation, as Indian fakirs are supposed to do.This is all nonsense. If you ever find yourself in a strait-jacket, it is difficult to imagine anything less helpful than a dislocated shoulder. Contracting your wrists is not only unhelpful but, frankly, impossible because the bones of your wrist are very tightly packed together and the whole structure is virtually incompressible. As for suspended animation, the trick of surviving burial and drowning relies on the fact that you can live for short periods on the air in a confined space. The air shifted by an average person in a day would occupy a cube just eight feet square. The build-’up of carbon monoxide tends to pollute this supply, but, if you can relax, the air in a cuff should keep you going for half an hour or so.In other words, there was nothing physically remarkable about Houdini except for his bravery, dexterity and fitness. His nerve was so cool that he could remain in a coffin six feet underground until they came to dig him up. His gingers were so strong that he could undo a buckle or manipulate keys through the canvas of a strait-jacket or a mail bag. He made a comprehensive study of locks and was able to conceal lock-picks about his person in a way which fooled even the doctors who examined him. When they locked him in the prison van he still had a hacksaw blade with which to saw through the joins in the metal lining and get access to the planks of the floor. As an entertainer he combined all this strength and ingenuity with a lot of trickery. His stage escapes took place behind a curtain with an orchestra playing to disguise the banging and sawing. Themilk chum in which he was locked had a double lining so that, while the lid was locked onto the rim, the rim was not actually attached to the chum. Houdini merely had to stand up to get out. The mail sack he cut open at the seam and sewed up with similar thread. The bank safe from which he emerged had been secretly worked on by his mechanics for 24 hours before the performance.All Houdini’s feats are eminently explicable, although to explain them, even now, is a kind of heresy. Houdini belongs to that band of mythical supermen who, we like to believe, were capable of miracles and would still be alive today were it not for some piece of low trickery. It’s said of Houdini that a punch in his belly when he wasn’t prepared for it caused his burst appendix.Automatically, it’s virtually impossible that a punch could puncture your gut, but the story endures. Somehow the myth of the superman has an even greater appeal than the edifice of twenty-first century logic.Questions:51. In the first paragraph, what does the writer say Houdini managed to do?A. Jump upside down from a skyscraper.B. Safely escape from a submerged box.C. Break the locks of a prison van from inside.D. Escape from a buried coffin unhurt.52. The writer mentions Houdini’s burial alive to show that________.A. his tricks sometimes went disastrously wrongB. he was not always able to do what he claimed he couldC. he was capable of extraordinary feats of survivalD. his fear of confined spaces could readily be overcome53. The writer suggests that Conan Doyle________.A. was less analytical about Houdini than one might have expectedB. asked Houdini if he could include him in a Sherlock Holmes storyC. felt that Houdini could make more money in other waysD. thought there were scientific explanations for Houdini’s feats54. The writer comes to the conclusion that Houdini________.A. had an unusual bone structureB. could make parts of his body smallerC. could make himself fall asleep easilyD. was not physically abnormal55. It appears that Houdini was able to escape from a strait-jacket by________.A. hiding a lock-pick in his pocketB. undoing its buckles with his fingersC. cutting the canvas with a hacksawD. using a blade he had concealed56. The writer states that when Houdini escaped from the milk chum________.A. the role of the orchestra was importantB. he made use of the hacksaw to free himselfC. the container had been modified beforehandD. he was in full sight of the audience57. According to the writer, how do people regard Houdini nowadays?A. They want to hear the scientific explanations for his feats.B. They prefer to believe that he had extraordinary powers.C. They refuse to believe the story of how he died.D. They doubt the fact that he ever really existed.Section B:Questions 58- 64 are based on the following passage.The need for a satisfactory education is more important than ever before. Nowadays, without a qualification from a reputable school or university, the odds of landing that plum job advertised in the paper are considerably shortened. Moreover, one’s present level of education could fall well short of future career requirements.It is no secret that competition is the driving force behind the need to obtain increasingly higher qualifications. In the majority of cases, the urge to upgrade is no longer the result of an insatiable thirst for knowledge. The pressure is coming from within the workplace to compete with ever more qualified job applicants, and in many occupations one must now battle with colleagues in the reshuffle for the position one already holds.Striving to become better educated is hardly a new concept. Wealthy parents have always been willing to spend the vast amounts of extra money necessary to send their children to schools with a perceived educational edge. Working adults have long attended night schools and refresher courses.Competition for employment has been around since the curse of working for a hying began. Is the present situation so very different to that of the past?The difference now is that the push is universal and from without as well as within. A student at a comprehensive school receiving low grades is no longer as easily accepted by his or her peers as was once the case. Similarly, in the workplace, unless employees are engaged in part-time study, they may be frowned upon by their employers and peers and have difficulty even standing still. In fact, in these cases, the expectations is for careers to go backwards and earning capacity to take an appreciable nosedive.At first glance, the situation would seem to be laudable; a positive response to the exhortations of politicians for us all to raise our intellectual standards and help improve the level of intelligence within the community. Yet there are serious ramifications according to at least one educational psychologist. Dr. Brendan Gatsby has caused some controversy in academic circles by suggesting that a bias towards what he terms “paper excellence” might cause more problems than it is supposed to solve. Gatsby raises a number of issues that affect the individual as well as society in general.Firstly, he believes the extra workload involved is resulting in abnormally high stress levels in both students at comprehensive schools and adults studying after working hours. Secondly, skills which might be more relevant to the undertaking of a sought-after job are being overlooked by employers not interviewing candidates without qualifications on paper. These two areas of concern for the individual are causing physical as well as emotional stress.Gatsby also argues that there are attitudinal changes within society to the exalted role education now plays in determining how the spoils of working life are distributed. Individuals of all ages are being driven by social pressures to achieve academic success solely for monetary considerations instead of for the joy of enlightenment. There is the danger that some universities are becoming degree factories with an attendant drop in standards. Furthermore, our educationsystem may be rewarding doggedness above creativity; the very thing tutors ought to be encouraging us to avoid. But the most undesirable effect of this academic paper chase, Gatsby says, is the disadvantage that “user pays” higher education confers on the poor, who invariably lose out to the more financially favoured.Naturally, although there is agreement that learning can cause stress, Gatsby’s comments regarding university standards have been roundly criticized as alarmist by most educationists who point out that, by any standard of measurement, Britain’s education system overall, at both secondary and tertiary levels, is equal to that of any in the world.Statements:58. It is impossible these days to get a good job without a qualification from a respectedinstitution.59. Most people who upgrade their qualifications do so for the joy of learning.60. In some jobs, the position you hold must be reapplied for.61. Some parents spend extra on their children’s education because of the prestige attached tocertain schools.62. According to the passage, students who performed badly at school used to be accepted by theirclassmates.63. Employees who do not undertake extra study may find their salary decreased by employers.64. Citizens appear to have responded to the call by politicians to become better qualified.Section C:You are going to read a magazine article about sand. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the sentences ( A - G) the one which fits each gap (65 - 70). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet. (6 points)Questions 65- 70 are based on the following passage.One of the things young people find irritating is listening to their parents going on and on about how everything was less commercialized when they were kids. The complaint often heard from people over 35 refers to commercialization in the music industry.Every time another girl band or boy band appears, this older generation criticizes the new group for being artificial, for not being genuine, dedicated musicians or singers. They claim that all pop groups in the 60’s and the 70’s were true artists, dedicated only to their music, and then suddenly big business took control. (65) ________.Older people who get nostalgic about the good old days of music, before manufactured music groups in the 1990’s, should be reminded of The Archies. The Archies made no pretense of being a real band in the first place. (66) ________But this didn’t step them from having a number one hit with a song called “Sugar Sugar”, which topped the charts for four weeks in 1969. (67) ________Four young men answered an ad for “four folk and rock musicians to appear in a TV series”and were then packaged as The Monkees. From the outset, it was made clear that The Monkees were hired to be television actors first and musicians second. The group wouldn’t do much more than sing although the series would give the impression that they played their own instruments.The Monkees were real and, to a certain extent, musical. They had a string of hits, some very memorable. (68) ________The original material they would sing in the series was written mostly by professional songwriters. How different to a group of real, talented individuals like TheBeatles!Well, not entirely. It is often forgotten today that the manager of The Beatles, Brian Epstein, gave them the distinctive “Beatle look”(Beatle jackets and Beatle hairstyles) and cleverly marketed their songs. If he hadn’t done so, the band might never have had those early hits. (69) ________Things have changed dramatically in the music industry. Managers play an important role in deciding what kind of music will appeal to specific target groups and then find singers and musicians able to produce it. For the last fifty years, pop singers and groups have had managers who shaped them in an attempt to make their records big hits. (70) ________A new study from experts appointed by the Italian environment ministry has discovered that the level of the ground surrounding St Mark’s Square— among the lowest-lying in Venice— has been raised by half a centimetre since 1973. Several other parts of the city’s historic centre are as much as one centimetre higher.Scientists say the city has been rising since a halt was called to the pumping of large amounts of ground water from artesian wells running under the city. The water supplied an industrial complex at Marghera on the mainland nearby.This had dried out the rock below and allowed Venice to sink by up to 12 cm. Since the water has begun flowing back in, the rock has swollen like a sponge, pushing up the level of the alleyways and buildings.The Venetians will not be putting their waterproof boots away yet, though. Although the number of high water floods has remained fairly constant over the past 30 years, smaller floods have become more common.In 1996 Venice was hit by flooding of 80 cm. or more. Changing weather patterns are to blame, as well as damage to the lagoon from erosion and a deep channel dug to allow tankers through.“The new study shows that Venice is not sinking the way most people believe, but of course it is still in danger,” said Giorgio Sarto, senator for Venice and an urban planner.“The city could start subsiding again in future, and we still have to act against the flood. But we’ve lost precious time. Given the new data, we should have started trying to raise the city 10 years ago.”Under a new scheme, the edge of St Mark’s running along the Grand Canal— which is as little as 85 cm. above sea level—would be elevated by 15 cm. to one metre above.A section beyond would be rebuilt to slope gently upwards to a maximum height of 1.15 metres above sea level before roiling back down towards the Doge’s palace.“Apart from restoring the environmental balance of the lagoon,” said Mafia Rosa Vittadini, who chaired the commission, “we must concentrate on raising the ground levels of the canal embankments, and of any other areas where this can be done.”The backers of the project had originally suggested raising the whole of St Mark’s, but this was vetoed by local authorities as an unacceptable threat to the basilica, palaces and landmark bell tower around it, the level of which cannot be changed.The last attempt to resolve Venice’s woes—the £ 1.5 billion Project Moses, which involved placing a 30 metre high flood barrier at three openings from the lagoon into the Adriatic- was dropped by the Italian government. There were fears that it could jeopardize the lagoon’s sensitive ecology.“It’s an awful thing to say, but what Venice really needs is another catastrophe like the flooding of 1966,” said Lord Norwich, chairman of Britain’s Venice In Peril fund. “That would shake people into doing something. If we go on doing nothing, Venice might well not be there for our great-grandchildren.”Questions:71. What encouraging sign has been observed by experts about Venice?72. The sinking of Venice used to be caused by________.73. The causes of the 1996 flooding in Venice were; ________, ________and the digging of achannel to allow tankers to pass.74. What two materials will be laid under St Mark’s Square when it is raised?75. The suggestion of raising the whole of St Mark’s was vetoed because local authorities believedit would threatenSection E: Questions 76-80 are based on the following passage.The British political scene is dominated by two major parties that have quite different political agendas. However, the ideological distance between the Labour Party and the Conservative Party has become less marked, and their policies more difficult to tell apart in recent years. In fact, it would be true to say that both parties consist of conservative, moderate and radical elements, and therefore the general public is often perplexed about which party to vote for. Nonetheless, it is usual to find that a British voter will lean towards supporting one of these two parties and remain faithful to that party for life.The Labour Party’s manifest objective is to safeguard the interests of the common working man and woman, and, in effect, give them political representation in Parliament. The Party has always had strong connections with the trade unions, and, before coming to power, was passionately committed to the concept of a welfare society in which people who are less fortunate than others are politically and financially assisted in their quest for a more equitable slice of the economic pie. The main problem is that such socialist agendas are extremely expensive to implement and maintain, even in a comparatively wealthy country with a large working and, hence, taxpaying population base. Welfare societies tend towards bankruptcy unless government spending is kept in check.Fortunately, the present government recognizes this, and has resisted reckless spending.The Conservative Party, on the other hand, argues that the best way to ensure a fair division of wealth in the country is to allow more freedom to create it. This, in turn, means more job opportunities created, and therefore more wealth available to all. Just how the poor are to share in the distribution of this wealth (beyond being given, at least in theory, the opportunity to create it)is, however, less well understood. Practice, of course, may make nonsense of even the best theoretical intensions, and often the less practically powerful are badly catered for under governments implementing “free-for-all” policies.It is surprising, given the current homogeneity of the two major parties, that less attention than elsewhere in Europe is paid to the smaller political parties such as the Greens and the Liberal Democrats. This may be because British voters distrust parties with platforms based around one or two major current issues alone; the Green Party, for example, is almost solely concerned with the environment. Moreover, when it comes to casting a vote, history shows that the British public tends to resist change and, thus, the status quo is maintained.Part ⅤCloze (10 minutes, 10 points)There are 10 blanks in the passage. Use the words given in the box to fill in the blanks, changing the form where necessary. Use only one word in each blank. There are two extra words which yousome women are bounty hunters, too. Mackenzie Green is a woman- and a very well respected bounty hunter. In fact, she has been called “the most successful bounty hunter in the US.” Why is she so successful? She (82) ________more on her brain than on physical strength. “A good bounty hunter uses gut feelings and people skills to pick up (83) ________on the whereabouts of a skip,” she says. This means that she trusts her feelings about people and situations to tell if they are telling her the troth or if they are trying to hide something. She also doesn’t carry a gun. “Youcan’t (84) ________a bull by hitting it with a stick,” she says. This means that violence always leads to more violence. She (85) ________to use good people skills to get people to trust her.Then, when they (86) ________expect it, she arrests them, when asked what (87)make a good bounty hunter, Mackenzie Green has this to say, “Being a bounty hunter is difficult work; a person has to have (88) ________in shelf defense, things like judo and boxing, as well as a (89) ________with weapons. A person also must be part detective to track down the skips, part lawyer to know what he (90) ________state laws allow, and part actor to try and get people to give you information that they otherwise wouldn’t give out. A person must also be patient and lucky.”Part Ⅵ Translation (15 minutes, 20 points)Section A:Translate the underlined sentences in the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet. ( 10 points )Humans have lost the evolutionary race. We are born without wings. It’s a crucial omission and we are making the environment pay for it.We like to think we’re the bee’s knees of the natural world but we’re nothing more than bumbling flatfoots. That’s why kookaburras laugh and midges torment us. We are grounded for life and, in our frustration, we’re wrecking the planet.Wings might seem just fun and frippery, but they would also save the environment. If we could fly, we would not be trampling ecosystems underfoot. Natural habitats that now get bulldozed would flourish because we wouldn’t need roads. There would be no demand for cars, so there wouldn’t be emissions problems.The common housefly travels 300 times its body length in one second. (91) If in a few generations we could match that, we would reach 2,000 kilometres per hour, which would make ozone-destroying aircraft and land-grabbing airports unnecessary:Society would benefit enormously if we could fly. Our philosophy about the private ownership of land would have to change because fences would become useless. (92) Nets wouldn’t stop people flying into your garden—as anyone knows who has tried in vain to keep birds out of fruit crops. And domestic rooftops would become public resting places.The justice system would not need to guard expensive prisons because felons would simply have their wings clipped. Sports stadia would consist of only the pitch, with spectators hovering over the action. Stairs escalators and lifts would be as superfluous as bridges and tunnels. Buildings would have smaller ground plans and, instead, rise upwards, with entrance porches on every level.(93) If we had wings, not only would we not need to plunder so much of the Earth’s resources, but we’d also be better guardians of the environment. Woodland would not be cut down because trees would be vital resting places as we flitted through the troposphere. We’d be more aware of the changes to Earth as we survived it daily from on high. And we’d soon appreciate any changes to air quality at all heights.There would be some drawbacks. (94) Clothing would have to be tight and aerodynamic-but our perception of human beauty would soon change so that we’d delight at a glimpse of wings with colorful feathers. Demand for the best addresses would push the prices of mountain eyries sky-high.Electricity pylons and overhead cables would have to go. There would, inevitably, be the occasional crash landing in rush hour as soaring commuters got spun by the wing-tip vortices of others.。
2008年全国大学生英语竞赛样题(A级)Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 30 marks)Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10 minutes, 15 marks31. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of ________ reality.A. what it is conceivedB. that is conceivedC. what is conceived to beD. that is being conceived of32. New York City collects garbage ________ $209 per family per year.A. at the cost ofB. at sacrifice ofC. in demand ofD. in support of33. I would just as soon ________ rudely to her.A. you not speakB. you won't speakC. you not speakingD. you didn't speak34. ________ so many people been out of work as today.A. More than ever beforeB. Never before haveC. In the past, there never haveD. Formerly, there never were35. We got home late last night, ________, early this morning.A. namelyB. in other wordsC. or ratherD. in any case36. The miners escaped the danger by ________.A. a hair breadthB. hair breadthC. hair's breadthD. a hair's breadth37. Praise is like warm sunshine. It not only brings joy to ________ who are praised but also adds pleasure to ________ who praise.A. these; theseB. we; usC. them; themD. those; those38. When our imports ________ our exports, we say we have a favorable trade balance; however, when our imports and exports are the other way round we say we have an unfavorable trade balance.A. fall shortB. fall short ofC. run out ofD. are lack of39. ________ that distinguish human beings from other primates are related to the ability of people to stand upright and walk on two legs.A. Many of the physical characteristicsB. Of the many physical characteristicsC. The physical characteristicsD. There are many physical characteristics40. Classical logic is characterized by a concern for the structure and elements of argument ________ that thought, language, and reality are interrelated.A. based on the beliefB. on the belief basedC. belief based on theD. the based belief on41. ________ fashioned from a wick floating in a bowl of oil functioned according to the principle of capillary action.A. All lamps earlyB. Lamps all earlyC. All early lampsD. Early all lamps42. In 1964 ________ of Henry Osaka Tanner's paintings was shown at the Smithsonian Institution.A. was a major collectionB. that a major collectionC. a collection was majorD. a major collection43. Traditionally, ________ on Thanksgiving Day in New England.A. when served is sweet ciderB. when sweet cider is servedC. is served sweet ciderD. sweet cider is served44. Richard: This class is so boring. When will it end?Drew: I don't know. I don't think I can take it much longer.Teacher: ________Richard: Oh, nothing. We were discussing the text.A. Hey you two! What are you talking about?B. Do one of you know what the answer to this problem is?C. Am I boring you two?D. The two of you go to the principal's office right now!45. Delivery man: I have a package here for Beverly Beaver.Beverly: That is me. ________Delivery man: Yes, please sign here on the line.Beverly: Thank you. These must be the new drapes I ordered.A. Where is the receipt?B. Do you have the sender's address?C. Do you take a credit card?D. Do I have to sign for it?Part III Reading Comprehension (20 minutes, 40 marks)Section A (5 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 5 questions. For each question, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage.No matter what our work is, we all have to face that choice - in my field no less than in others. There may not be a more important field for the dissemination of values in our country than the entire communicationsindustry - most strikingly, television. Networks are very sensitive to that fact, and they employ dozens of censors to prevent all of us from using language on television that an eight year old might have to explain to his parents. But the point that censors miss, I think, is that it is not so much what we say that teaches as what we don't say. Even programs that attempt to make a moral point don't always make the point that they intended to. Because when we sense we are being sole something, we automatically defend ourselves against it. I think it may be the unspoken assumptions that mold an audience.Look at the way, for instance, that violence is treated on television. It is not only the quantity that offends. There probably is no more violence on television than there is in a Shakespearean tragedy. But on television you find unfelt violence and in Shakespeare you tend to find felt violence. In Shakespeare the characters react with a human response: They fear, they hurt, they mourn. Most of the time on television, violence is dealt with by sweeping it under the rug as fast as possible and by having people go on about their business as if nothing had happened. (If I can't have less violence, I want at least a better grade of violence.) One of the unspoken assumptions is that violence can be tolerated as long as you ignore it and have no reaction to it. But that seems to me to be dangerously close to psychopathic behavior. I wonder if there is any connection between the long acceptance by our people of the Vietnam War and the thousands and thousands of deaths that we have seen on television over the years that were never mourned, never even paused for except to sell shampoo for sixty seconds.Maybe our greatest problem is that we have two separate sets of value systems that we use - the one we talk about and the one we live by. We seem to place a very high value on fairness and on human concerns. And yet we still have widespread discrimination based on race, sex and religion. You still don't find Jews, blacks or other minorities in any significant numbers in decision-making positions in the banking industry, for instance. You think that's an accident? I think somebody puts a value on that. And you don't find women in any significant numbers in decision-making capacities in any industry. Why? Because we place a higher value on appeasing the fragile male ego than we do on fairness and decency. Maybe what we need is a declaration of interdependence.Questions:46. It can be concluded from the first paragraph that ________.A. we won't buy things that are recommendedB. we become defensive whenever we are taught to do somethingC. television is the most important part of the communication industryD. TV programs can never successfully convey a moral point47. What is the author's attitude toward violence on television?A. He thinks that violence on television should be totally banned.B. Violence on television is more tolerable than the one in Shakespeare's plays.C. Violence can be tolerated if you pretend that it doesn't exist.D. Violence, if unavoidable, should be presented on television in a more appropriate way.48. The word “appeasing” (line 6 in paragraph 3) most probably means ________.A. attackingB. accusingC. soothingD. satisfying49. By citing the examples of the Jews, blacks, and other minorities in the last paragraph, the author aims to show that ________.A. it's an accident that they are out-numbered in the decision-making positions in the banking industryB. they stand for one set of value systemC. what we talk about and what we actually do might be totally differentD. fairness is well respected in our life50. The author's tone in writing the text is ________.A. neutralB. matter-of-factC. criticalD. questioningSection B (15 marks)Directions: There is one passage in this section with 10 questions. Go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on the Answer Sheet.For questions 51 - 55, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 56 - 60, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.You hear the same complaint all the time as people get older: “My memory is terrible.” Is it all in the mind, or do real changes take place in the brain with age to justify such grumbling (抱怨)? The depressing answer is that the brain's cells, the neurons, die and decline in efficiency with age.Professor Arthur Shimamura, of the University of California at Berkeley, says there are three main ways in which mental function changes. The first is mental speed, for examplehow quickly you can react to fast-moving incidents on the road. Drivers in their late teens react quickly but tend to drive too fast, while the over sixties are more cautious but react more slowly. The near-inevitable slowing with age also partly explains why soccer players are seen as old in their thirties,while golf professionals are still in their prime at that age. This type of mental slowing results from a reduction in the efficiency with which the brain's neurons work.The fact that adults find it harder to learn musical instruments than children points to a second type of mental loss with age - a reduction in learning capacity. The parts of the brain known as the temporal lobes control new learning, and are particularly vulnerable to the effects of aging. This means that, as we get older, we take longer to learn a new language, and slower to master new routines and technologies at work, and we have to rely more on diaries and other mental aids.“Working memory” is the third brain system which is vulnerable to the effects of aging. Working memory is the brain's “blackboard”, where we juggle from moment to moment the things we have to keep in mind when solving problems, planning tasks and generally organizing our day-to-day life. Absent-mindedness occurs at all ages because of imperfections in the working memory system - so, for instance, you may continually lose your glasses, or find yourself walking into a room of your house only to find that you cannot remember what you came for.Such absent-mindedness tends to creep up on us as we age and occurs because our plans and intentions, which are chalked up on the mental blackboard, are easily wiped out by stray thoughts and other distractions. Stress and preoccupation can also cause such absent-mindedness, in addition to age-related changes in the brain. The frontal lobes of the brain - located behind the forehead and above the eyes - are where the working memory system is located. Like the temporal lobes, which handle new learning, the frontal lobes are more vulnerable to the aging process than other parts of the brain.The news, however, is not all bleak. Although neurons reduce in number with age, the remaining neurons send out new and longer connection fibers (dendrites) to maintain connections and allow us to function reasonably well with only relatively small drops in ability.This and other evidence suggests that the principle “use it or lost it” might apply to the aging brain. Professor Shimamura studied a group of university professors who were still intellectually active, and compared their performance on neuropsychological tests with that of others of their age group, as well as with younger people. He found that on several tests of memory, the mentally active professors in their sixties and early seventies were superior to their contemporaries, and as good as the younger people.Research on animals provide even stronger evidence of the effects of stimulation on the brain structure. Professor Bryan Kolb, of the University of Lethbridge in Canada, has shown that animals kept in stimulating environments show sprouting (生长) and lengthening of the connecting nerve fibers in comparison with animals kept in unstimulating environments.The beneficial effects of continued mental activity are shown by the fact that older contestants in quiz shows are just as fast and accurate in responding to general knowledge questions as younger competitors, suggesting that at least part of their intellectual apparatus is spared the effects of aging because of practice and skill.Such findings lead to the intriguing possibility of “mental fitness tra ining” to accompany jogging and workouts for the health conscious. Research in Stockholm by Professor Lars Backman and his colleague has shown that older people can be trained to use their memory better, with the effects of this training lasting several years.Just as people go bald or grey at different rates, so the same is true for their mental faculties. Why this should be the case for memory and other mental functions is not yet clear. If Professor Shimamura is right, then the degree to which people use and stretch their mental faculties may also have a role to play.Questions:51. The passage gives a description of several methods of testing mental ability.52. Professor Shimamura identified a number of areas in which mental function may change.53. As the temporal lobes of the brain are affected by aging, it becomes harder to pick up new skills.54. Research indicates that physical training can help to improve memory.55. Taking part in quizzes is the best way to stimulate the brain.56. Absent-mindedness is not necessarily ________.57. Scientists do not understand why people's ________ decline at different rates.58. If a person is under stress, ________ may become more frequent.59. When the frontal lobes of the brain are affected by aging, there is a gradual deterioration in ________.60. If an animal's brain is kept active and stimulated, ______________.Section C (10 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by 5 questions. Read the passage carefully, then answer the questions in a maximum of 10 words. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 61 - 65 are based on the following passage.Alarmed by a 20-year decline in student achievement, American schools are considering major upheavals in the career structure of teachers, school boards around the country are planning to abandon traditional salary schedules and single out outstanding teachers for massive pay rise.The idea is regarded with deep suspicion by the United States' biggest teachers' unions, the National Education Association and the American Federation of Teachers. They say the creation of a cadre of elite teachers will sour professional relationships and encourage teachers to compete instead of cooperate; they also question whether a fair way can be devised to tell which teachers really do perform better than their colleagues.But heightened public anxiety about secondary education appears to have given the master teacher concept unstoppable political momentum. Florida and Tennessee are racing to introduce ambitious statewide master teacher schemes before the end of the year. Less grandiose proposals to pay teachers on the basis of merit instead of seniority have already been implemented in countless school districts. And the Secretary of Education, Mr. Terrel Bell, recently promised substantial incentive grants to states which intend to follow their example.Low pay is believed to be the single most important reason for the flight from teaching. The average salary of a teacher in the United States is just under $19,000, much less than that of an engineer ($34,700) and not much more than that of a secretary($16,500). To make ends meet it is common for teachers to take second jobs in the evening and in their summer holidays, and women, who used to make up the bulk of teacher candidates are turning to better paid professions.The unions insist that the answer to this problem is to increase the basic pay of all teachers, but most states would find that too expensive, they would be better able to afford schemes that confine pay increases to a small number of exceptional teachers. Champions of the idea say it would at least hold out the promise of high pay and status to bright graduates who are confident of their ability to do well in the classroom, but are deterred by the present meager opportunities for promotion.One of the first large-scale tests of this approach will come in Tennessee, where a year of painstaking negotiations has just overcome bitterunion opposition to a wide-ranging master teacher scheme. Tennessee promised that they will allocate $300 million as education budget. In return for a chance to earn bigger salaries and faster promotion, teachers will subject themselves to closer scrutiny.The Tennessee plan will make it harder for poor teachers to join the profession. Beginners will have to serve a probationary year before qualifying, and another three apprentice years before receiving tenure. Apprentice teachers who fail to reach a required standard will not be allowed to stay on. Survivors will be designated “career teachers” and given a chance to climb through three career rugs and earn bonuses of up to $7,000. Advancement will not be automatic. The performance of each teacher will be closely assessed by committees of teachers drawn from other districts.Questions:61. What support is the federal government offering to states that set up a master teacher scheme?62. What's the purpose of the master teacher scheme?63. In the state of Tennessee, how will teachers be assessed?64. What is the main idea of the text?65. What can be inferred from the text about the master teacher scheme?Section D (10 marks)Directions: In this section, there is one passage followed by a summary. Read the passage carefully and complete the summary below by choosing no more than three words from the passage. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Questions 66 - 70 are based on the following passage.The United KingdomBritain (or Great Britain) is an island that lies off the north-west coast of Europe. The nearest country is France, which is 20 miles away and from which Britain is separated by the English Channel. The island is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the North Sea to the east. It comprises the mainlands of England, Wales and Scotland, that is, three countries. Scotland is in the north, while Wales is in the west. Ireland, which is also an island, lies off the west coast of Britain. It consists of Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. Britain together with Northern Ireland constitute the UnitedKingdom (UK). Thus, the United Kingdom is composed of four countries, the largest of which is England. The capital city is London, which is situated in south-east England.The UK has a total area of about 244,100 square kilometres (94,248 square miles). About 70% of the land area is devoted to agriculture, about 7% is wasteland, moorland and mountains, about 13% is devoted to urban development, and 10% is forest and woodland. The northern and western regions of Britain, that is Scotland and Vales, are mainly mountainous and hilly. Parts of the north-west and centre of England also consist of mountains and hills.Britain has a generally mild and temperate climate. It is, however, subject to frequent changes. It has an average annual rainfall of about 120 centimetres (47 inches).In 1998 the population of the United Kingdom was nearly 59 million. The density of population was approximately 240 people per square kilometre. However, in England, where 83% of the population live, the density was much higher, about 363 per square kilometre.In the UK, English is the first language of the vast majority of people. However, in western Wales, Welsh is the first language for many of the people. In Scotland only a small number of people speak Gaelic.In Britain about 66% of the population say that they are Christian, while fewer than 5% say that they belong to other religions.Summary:Britain is an island that (66) ________ the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. It comprises the mainlands of England, Wales and Scotland. Ireland (67) ________ the west coast of Britain. It (68)________ Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic. The United Kingdom consists of Britain together with Northern Ireland. The capital city is London which (69) ________ south-east England.In 1998 the population of the UK was nearly 59 million. The density of population was 240 people per square kilometre. In the UK English is the first language of most people. In western Wales, Welsh (70) ________ many of the people, but few people in Scotland speak Gaelic.Part IV Cloze (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A (5 marks)Directions: There are 5 blanks in the passage. For each blank, some letters of the word have been given (not exceeding 3 letters). Read the passage below and think of the word which best fits each blank. Use only one word in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Language is learned primarily through communication with other people. Research shows that the more communication children (71) exp________ at home, the better developed their language skills will be. Children need to talk well in order to learn well. This is especially important for the development of native language skills since the language is often reinforced by the child's environment outside school.However, the (72) qu________ of communication is just as or more important than quantity alone. The language adults use helps children become aware of the many different aspects of objects and events around them. For example, during a shopping trip to the market or store, adults can develop children's concepts by bringing their attention to the shapes, colors, sounds, textures, and sizes of objectsand events around them. Parents can do this naturally through conversation without (73) di________ teaching. In other words, conversation with children in everyday situations expands their minds and develops their thinking skills.In addition to conversing with children, adults can help prepare their children to succeed in school by (74) en________ them to take an active interest in books and in the print that surrounds them in the environment. The child's first major task in school is learning to read. Children who come to school with knowledge that the print aroundthem carries important meaning and with an interest in books and stories will usually (75) su________ in learning to read rapidly.Section B (10 marks)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the passage. Use the word given in each blanket to form a word that fits in each blank. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.Forensic science (法庭科学) means (76) ________ (use) science to solve crime. But what exactly does a forensic scientist do?At the scene of crime, the crime scene (77) ________ (investigator) will thoroughly examine the area. They will look for fingerprints and palm prints; marks of tools and weapons; marks from shoes; fibers from (78) ______ (cloth); body fluids.Increasingly, CSIs (= crime scene investigators) are using specialized techniques, on site, to determine which areas to concentrate their investigation on.A forensic pathologist (法医)specializes in examining dead bodies to determine how and when death occurred. As well as (79) ________ (examine) the body, either on site or through photos (80) ________ (take) at the scene, the forensic pathologist may also use X-ray imaging(X光成像技术) and will usually conduct an autopsy (尸体解剖). The pathologist will also take samples of body tissues, like blood, liver or hair, for further (81) ________ (analyse).A new form of identification (82) ________ (rely) on DNA, which carries the genetic (基因的) information of each person. Everyone's DNA is different (except for identical twins). DNA fingerprinting allows police to identify an individual in the same way as fingerprints do.DNA profiles (DNA片断) are a very powerful (83) ________ (mean)of determining whether two or more samples may or may not have come from the same person. If DNA profiles do not match, they (84) ________ (come) from different people.However, if they do match, there is still a very slight chance that they may have come from different people.DNA analysis does not enable scientists to build up a picture of a person from DNA. The only (85) ______ (character) that the DNA tells us is the sex of the person.Part V Translation (15 minutes, 15 marks)Section A (8 marks)Directions: Translate the underlined sentences of the following passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the Answer Sheet.If a nation is essentially disunited, it is left to the government to hold it together. (86) This increases the expense of government, and reduces correspondingly the amount of economic resources that could be used for developing the country. And it should not be forgotten how small those resources are in a poor and backward country. Where the cost of government is high, resources for development are correspondingly low.This may be illustrated by comparing the position of a nation with that of a private business enterprise. An enterprise has to incur certain costs and expenses in order to stay in business. For our purposes, we are concerned only with one kind of cost - the cost of managing and administering the business. Such administrative overhead of a business is analogous to the cost of government in a nation.(87) The administrative overhead of a business is low to the extent that everyone working in the business can be trusted to behave in a way that best promotes the interests of the firm. If they can each be trusted to take such responsibilities, and to exercise such initiative as falls within their sphere, then administrative overhead will be low. It will be low because it will be necessary to have only one man looking after each job, without having another man to check upon what he is doing, keep him in line, and report on him to someone else. But if no one can be trusted to act in a loyal and responsible manner towards his job, then the business will require armies of administrators, checkers, and foremen, and administrative overhead will rise correspondingly. (88) As administrative overhead rises, so the earnings of the business, after meeting the expenses of administration, will fall; and the business will have less money to distribute as dividends or invest directly in its future progress and development.It is precisely the same with a nation. To the extent that the people can be relied upon to behave in a loyal and responsible manner, the government does not require armies of police and civil servants to keep them in order. (89) But if a nation is disunited, the government cannot be sure that the actions of the people will be in the interests of the nation; and it will have to watch, check, and control the people accordingly. A disunited nation therefore has to incur unduly high costs of government.Section B (7 marks)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the and expressions given in the brackets. Remember to write your answers on the Answer Sheet.90. 这些要求有点过头，一系列的争端也由此而起。
Part I Listening Comprehension (25minutes,30points)Section A (6points)
1.A
2.A
3.B
4.C
5.B
6.C
Section B (4points)
7.A 8.B 9.C 10.C Section C (10points)
11.C 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.B Section D (10points)
21.electronic database 22.registered 23.agencies 24.books 25.details shows
27.special skills 28.particular qualities 29.theatrical shows 30.product Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10minutes,15points)
31.C 32.D 33.C 34.B 35.D 36.B 37.C 38.A 39.D 40.B 41.A 42.D 43.A
44.C 45.B
Part III IQ Test (5minutes,5points)
46.B 47.C 48.D 49.A 50.C
Part IV Reading Comprehension (25minutes,40points)Section A (7points)
51.B 52.C 53.A 54.D 55.B 56.C 57.B
Section B (7points)2007National English Contest for College Students (Level A -Preliminary)
参考答案及作文评分标准
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58.N59.N60.Y61.NG62.Y63.NG64.Y
Section C(6points)
65.G66.C67.E68.F69.D70.B
Section D(10points)
71.It is no longer sinking but rising.
72.the pumping of underground water
73.changing weather patterns,damage to the lagoon from erosion
74.Clay and sand.
75.the basilica,palaces and bell tower.
Section E(10points)
76.policies77.trade unions78.freedom79.(more)job opportunities80.current/ major
Part V Cloze(10minutes,10points)
rmation84.tame85.prefers86.least87.qualities 88.experience89.familiarity90.different
Part VI Translation(15minutes,20points)
Section A(10points)
91.如果我们在几代以后能够做到它们（家蝇）那样，我们每小时就能飞行2，000公
里，我们就不再需要那些破坏臭氧层的飞机和占用土地的机场了。
92.网不能阻止人们飞进你的花园，正如想用网来保护果类作物的人都知道，用网挡鸟
是徒劳的。
93.如果长了翅膀，我们不仅用不着大量耗费地球上的资源，还可以更好地保护环境。
94.我们的衣服必须是紧身的、流线型的，但我们的审美观念很快就会改变，以至于我
们一看到多彩的羽翼就兴奋不已。
95.为了我们的星球，生物学家们不用再去研究如何让鼠背长耳，而要着手研究如何让
我们肩上插翅，要不就太晚了。
Section B(10points)
96.Let’s devote some of our leisure time to cultivating a love for/of reading.
Let’s devote some of our spare time to developing a love for/of reading.
97.The new government is cutting back on the education budget.
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98.A nurse was with me when I came round after the operation.
99.There being a bus stop near my home,I can get to the company in15minutes. 100.Water is essential to us,next only to oxygen in importance.
Water is indispensable to us,its importance only next to oxygen.
Part VII Writing（30minutes,30points）
Task I(10points)
参考范文略
Task II(20points)
参考范文略
Task I应用文评分标准
一、评分原则：
1.本题满分为10分。
2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要
求来衡量、确定或调整本档次，最后给分。
3.词数少于80或多于120的，从总分中减去2分。
4.如书写较差，以致影响阅卷，将分数降低一个档次。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求：
第四档：8—10分
完全符合写作格式的要求，覆盖所有内容要点，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性很好，基本上无词汇和语法错误。
第三档：6—7分
基本符合写作格式的要求，有个别地方表达思想不够清楚，文字基本通顺、连贯，有少量词汇和语法错误。
第二档：3—5分
未恰当完成写作格式的要求，漏掉内容要点，表达思想不清楚，文字多处出现词汇和语法错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
第一档：1—2分
未完成写作格式的要求，明显遗漏主要内容，表达思想紊乱，有较多词汇和语法的重大错误，未能将信息传达给读者。
0分
白卷；作文与题目毫不相关；内容太少，无法评判；所写内容无法看清。
3--
Task II议论文评分标准
一、评分原则：
1.本题满分为20分。
2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整本档次，最后给分。
3.词数少于140或多于180的，从总分中减去2分。
4.如书写较差，以致影响交流，将分数降低一个档次。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求：
第四档：16-20分
完全符合写作格式的要求，覆盖所有内容要点，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性很好，基本上无词汇和语法错误。
第三档：11-15分
基本符合写作格式的要求，有个别地方表达思想不够清楚，文字基本通顺、连贯，有少量词汇和语法错误。
第二档：6-10分
未恰当完成写作格式的要求，漏掉内容要点，表达思想不清楚，文字多处出现词汇和语法错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
第一档：1-5分
未完成写作格式的要求，明显遗漏主要内容，表达思想紊乱，有较多词汇和语法的重大错误，未能将信息传达给读者。
0分
白卷；作文与题目毫不相关；内容太少，无法评判；所写内容无法看清。
4--。
