下载文档原格式
工业技术II中央空调系统冷却塔的节能改造丘呈龙(广东省国防科技高级技工学校，广东广州510000)摘要：当前我国空调能耗仍比较高，节能措施应用不普遍等导致过多的浪费，是影响空调应用效果的重要因素。
另外，还有投资费用有限、运行管理水平低等因素也制约了节能效果。
针对以上在能耗方面存在的问 题，中央空调的节能主要应从设备和系统两方面着手。
基于此，对中央空调系统的冷却塔进行改造，提高水系统、通风系统的保温水平，减少热损失、热回收等,从而达到低碳节能的目的。
关键词：中央空调;冷却塔;节能;改造中图分类号:TU831 文献标识码:A文章编号：1003-5168(2016)02-0068-02 Energy Saving Reformation of Central Air Conditioning SystemCooling TowerQiu Chenglong(Guangdong National Defense Science and Technology Senior Technical School,Guangzhou Guangdong 510000) Abstract：A t present,China^s air conditioning energy consumption is s till relatively high,energy saving measures are not widely used,such as lead to excessive waste,which is an important factor affecting the effectiveness of a ir conditioning applications.In addition,the investment cost is lim ited,operation and management level and other factors also restrict the energy saving effect.In view of the above problems in energy consumption,the energy saving of the central air conditioning should be m ainly from the two aspects of the equipment and system.Based on this,the cooling tower of central a ir conditioning system was reformed,to improve the water system,ventilation system,the thermal insulation level,reduce heat loss,heat recoveryand so on,so as to achieve the purpose of low carbon energy saving.Keywords：central a ir conditioning;cooling tower;energy saving;transformation随着国民经济的快速发展，人民生活水平的不断提 高，人民对生活环境和舒适度要求越来越高，空调系统及 相关设备已成为人们日常生活的一部分。
绿色环保英语演讲稿5篇世界环境日，你对环境好，肯定有回报，你把环境保，灾害肯定少，你把环境爱，美好家园在，低碳减排，保护环境，一起动员，珍惜资源，转发短信，多多宣传，生活一定会更甜!一起来看看绿色环保英语演讲稿5篇，欢迎查阅!绿色环保英语演讲稿1Many people are active in fighting against unfair treatment to colored people, women , animals and so on. Right now I am talking about fighting for respect to our environment.Though the environment doesn't have a mouth to deprecate what humans have done to her, she retaliates through action. In the early years the Chinese cut down large quantities of trees, at the source of the yellow river, which led to the disappearance of big forests and terrible floods. As a result, the Huangtu plateau which was once covered with grass and forests was turned into barrens that supported fewer plants. Another example was in several developed countries. Because many chemical factories discharged poisonous gas without filtering it, cities were covered with so much poisonous gas that people were killed by the air they breathed in. What horrible scene!What we are suffering is only a small part of what the nature once suffered. If we don't take action to show respect to the environment, we will have to face an increasingly awful situation.Measures should be taken to protect the environment on which we are relying. First governments should forbid destroying vegetation, rivers and lakes, oceans, as and the atmosphere as well. Second voices should be made to announce the public of the importance of protecting the environment. Third enterprises should pay special attention to the effect they have on theenvironment and work out solutions for the problems.Only by changing the way we treat the environment can we get along well with it. Only by saving the environment can we save ourselves.绿色环保英语演讲稿2In recent years there has been a marked growth of fire accidents in big cities of our country. Almost every day we see fire engines rushing through the streets. Fires have not only resulted in heavy economic losses but also injured and killed many people.What are the causes of fire accidents? Most of the fires are brought about by carelessness and violation of fire safety regulations. Others are due to the poor quality of home electrical appliances. By the way, some people don't know how to use them properly. Besides,there are quite a few businesses which focus so much of their attention on profits that they tend to neglect and even ignore fire precautions.In my opinion, in order to prevent fires we should first of all foster people's sense of fire prevention. The second thing we have to do is to increase the number of professional fire fighters, to whom regular training courses should be offered. Finally, we are to improve the existing fire engines and add more fire facilities to high-rise buildings. In this way, a reliable fire prevention system will be formed.绿色环保英语演讲稿3With the improvement of our living standard, more and more people can afford a car. As a result, our roads are more often than not crammed with cars. However, with more and more waste gas being discharged by the cars, the problem of air pollution becomes even more serious. So nowadays we advocate to lead alow-carbon life.My suggestion is we should ride bikes more often instead of driving cars.By riding a bike, we can not only exercise our body but also protect our environment. Why not have a try, my dear friends与我们的生活水平的提高,越来越多的人都买得起汽车的。
fl oodlight flashlight 照明灯Energy saving light 节能灯surface mounted d evice（SMD）贴片Hybrid optical 混合光warm white 暖白natural white 自然白col d white 冷白constant current 恒定电流lumen 流明power supply，driver 驱动电源transformer 变压器panel light, flat light，slim light, d own light 平板灯encl osure, case, incrustation 外壳防爆灯 explosion-proof lamp/light室内灯 residential lamp台灯 table /desk lamp/light壁灯 wall lamp/light落地灯 floor lamp/light吸顶灯 ceiling lamp/light镜前灯 mirror front lamp/light户外灯 outdoor lamp路灯 street lamp/light庭院灯 garden lamp/light草坪灯 lawn lamp/light防水灯 waterproof /under water lamp应急灯 emergency light工具灯 utility light浴室灯 bathroom light灯饰附件 lighting accessories灯饰配件 light fittings灯泡 bulb白炽灯泡 incandescent light bulbs开关 switch光源 light source节能灯 energy saving lamp荧光灯 fluorescent light/lamp荧光灯管 linear fluorescent light tube环形荧光灯fluorescent circular lamp三极管 audion/dynatron灯杯 lamp cup灯罩 lamp shade/cover灯头/灯座 lamp holder灯头/灯座 lamp base灯头型号 base's type灯盘 lamp house灯盘 lamp plate/metal pan灯柱 lamp poleLED=light emitting diode 发光二极管shell material character 外壳材料Light source 光源fluorescent light 荧光灯Type 型号ultraviolet radiation 紫外线辐射Lamp luminous flux 流明量connector 接头Color temperature CCT 色温reactive loss 有功损耗Lamp body material / housing 外壳材料active loss 无功损耗Place of origin 原产地AC=alternating current 交流电C=direct current 直流电Product name 产品名称Beam angle 照射角度socket 插座LED brand LED 品牌transformer 变压器Input voltage 输入电压dimmer 调光器Lamp luminous efficiency 光效spectrum 光谱Working temperature /operating temperature 工作温度optical lens 光学透镜Certification 认证LED type LED类型high voltage 高压Lifespan / lifetime 使用寿命low voltage 低压Lamp power 功率strobe 频闪CRI color rendering index 显色指数hazardous material 有害物质Base type/ lamp base/socker type 底座spotlight 射灯PF power factor 功率因数mercury 汞CCT=correlated color temperature 色温lead 铅Halogen 卤素灯instant start 迅速启动Lamp cover / lamp shade灯罩solid state 固态的Epistar 台湾晶元简称ESshockproof 放震的Dimmable 可调光heat dissipation 散热Frosted PC 雾罩dimension 尺寸Incandescent 白炽灯ultra bright 超亮的IP rating / protection class 防尘防水指数flame retardant 阻燃剂Warn color 暖色heat sink 散热器Cold color 冷色emit 放射，发出SMD 贴片fault 故障DIP 直插quantity 灯珠颗数COB=chip on board 板上芯片soft light 柔光Warranty 保质期closed to natural light 接近自然光Application 应用范围excellent luminous output 高光效CE 产品认证concise and fashion appearance 样式精简流行ROHS 限制在电子电器产品中使用有害物质的指令high energy conservation 高节能Conductive plastic/plastic that conduct heat 导热塑胶parameter 参数Led driver LED 驱动Stable current control driver恒流控制驱动程序Power supply / switch开关电源super heat dissipation：散热性好Light tube support 灯管支架Electric wire 电线Lamp holder 灯头solid mercury 固态汞CFL=compact fluorescent light: 紧凑型节能灯mixed/blended powder：混合粉tri-phosphor powder: 三基色粉aluminum: 铝diameter of whole tube:灯管直径frosted glass: 雾镜T2 lamp：T2灯flame retarded PBT case: 防阻燃PBT材质Super—power lamp：大功率灯spotlight：聚光灯Floriated lamp/lotus lamp:莲花灯bulb lamp: 球泡灯Half spiral lamp：半螺灯corn lamp: 玉米灯Full spiral lamp：全螺灯mushroom lamp: 蘑菇灯Tubular lamp:U型灯guarantee period：保质期Illumination intensity：光照强度mixed powder：混合粉Compact structure：结构紧凑chip：芯片No flickering/strobe：无闪烁Len: 透镜High light：高光效angle: 角度Ideal replacement of incandescent: 完美的取代白炽灯colored bulb：彩泡Optional wattage: 可选瓦数reflector：反光杯Length of lamp：整灯长度heat dissipation index：导热系数Turns of tube: 灯管圈数heat radiation index: 热辐射系数high voltage resisted: 耐高压loading port: 装货港creepage resisted：抗漏电MOQ: minimum order quantity 最小起订量static resisted: 抗静电sample: 样品catalogue: 样本copper ：铜name card：名片rare earth 稀土元素delivery time：交货期halogen powder 卤粉payment:付款方式pipe / tube diameter 灯管直径Optical attenuation：光衰减Power dissipation: 功耗Viewing angle: 视角Color rendering index: 显色指数Color temperature: 色温Operating temperature: 工作温度Storage temperature：储存温度Place of origin: 原产地Diameter: 直径Emitting angle 发光角度Forward current: 正向电流Drive voltage：驱动电压Lumen range 流明范围Light decay：光衰Lowest thermal resistance: 最低的热阻Aniti UV 抗紫外线。
节约能源绿色生活英语简单作文Energy Conservation: Embracing a Sustainable Lifestyle.In an era marked by environmental degradation and dwindling natural resources, energy conservation has emerged as an imperative for the preservation of our planet and the well-being of future generations. Embracing a sustainable lifestyle that prioritizes energy efficiency not only reduces our carbon footprint but also offers numerous economic, environmental, and health benefits.Economic Advantages:Energy conservation can significantly reduce household expenses by minimizing energy consumption. Simple measures such as switching off lights when leaving a room, unplugging electronics when not in use, and using energy-efficient appliances can lead to substantial savings on energy bills. Moreover, investments in energy-efficient upgrades, such as installing solar panels or upgradingwindows, can yield long-term cost savings while increasing the value of a home.Environmental Benefits:Energy consumption is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, which trap heat in the atmosphere and contribute to climate change. By reducing our energy needs, we can mitigate our impact on the environment and help preserve biodiversity. Energy conservation also reduces air and water pollution from fossil fuel combustion, improving air quality and protecting aquatic ecosystems.Health Benefits:Energy conservation promotes healthier living environments. Energy-efficient homes are typically better insulated and have improved air ventilation, reducing exposure to indoor pollutants such as Radon and mold. Reduced reliance on fossil fuels also decreases outdoor air pollution, which can contribute to respiratory problems and other health issues.Practical Steps for Energy Conservation:1. Lighting: Use energy-efficient LED or CFL bulbs, turn off lights when not needed, and consider natural lighting through windows.2. Appliances: Choose Energy Star-rated appliances that meet energy efficiency standards. Unplug devices when notin use to prevent standby power consumption.3. Heating and Cooling: Optimize home insulation to reduce heat loss and gain. Use programmable thermostats to regulate temperature when away or asleep. Consider alternative heating systems such as geothermal heat pumps.4. Transportation: Walk, cycle, or use public transportation for short distances whenever possible. Consider fuel-efficient vehicles or electric cars for longer journeys.5. Water Heating: Install low-flow showerheads andfaucets. Consider a solar water heater to reduce relianceon conventional energy sources for water heating.Community Initiatives and Government Support:Energy conservation efforts are not limited toindividual actions. Communities can implement programs to promote energy efficiency, such as weatherizationassistance for low-income households, public transportation improvements, and incentives for renewable energy installations. Governments play a crucial role in encouraging energy conservation through regulatory measures, tax incentives, and research and development funding.Conclusion:Energy conservation is an essential pillar of sustainable living, offering a multitude of benefits for individuals, communities, and the planet. By adoptingenergy-efficient practices and embracing a greenerlifestyle, we can reduce our environmental impact, save money, and create a healthier and more sustainable futurefor ourselves and generations to come. Let us all strive to be mindful of our energy consumption and contribute to the collective effort to conserve this precious resource.。
节约用电减少碳排放1. 背景介绍随着全球经济的快速发展和人口的不断增加，能源需求也在不断增长。
然而，传统能源的开采和利用对环境造成了严重的影响，其中之一就是碳排放。
碳排放是导致全球气候变化的主要原因之一，对地球生态系统和人类社会产生了巨大的影响。
为了减少碳排放并保护环境，节约用电成为了一种重要的行动。
2. 节约用电的重要性节约用电不仅可以减少碳排放，还可以带来以下几个重要的好处：2.1 减少能源消耗节约用电意味着减少对传统能源的需求，从而降低能源消耗。
这对于保护有限资源、减少能源供应压力具有重要意义。
2.2 降低能源成本通过节约用电，可以降低家庭和企业的能源开支。
这对于提高生活质量、降低企业运营成本具有积极作用。
2.3 增加能源供应可靠性节约用电可以减少对能源供应系统的负荷，从而提高能源供应的可靠性。
这对于避免能源短缺和电力故障具有重要意义。
2.4 保护环境节约用电可以减少对环境的污染和破坏。
通过减少碳排放，可以降低全球气候变化的风险，保护生态系统的稳定和多样性。
3. 节约用电的方法和措施为了实现节约用电的目标，我们可以采取以下一些方法和措施：3.1 提高能源利用效率通过使用高效节能的家电设备和照明产品，可以提高能源利用效率。
选择具有能效标识的产品，并合理使用和维护这些设备，可以有效降低能源消耗。
3.2 改变生活习惯改变生活习惯也是节约用电的重要手段。
例如，合理安排家庭用电时间，避免同时使用大功率电器；充分利用自然光线，减少人工照明；在不使用时及时关闭电器设备等等。
3.3 推广可再生能源可再生能源是未来能源发展的重要方向。
通过推广和利用太阳能、风能等可再生能源，可以减少对传统能源的依赖，降低碳排放。
3.4 加强能源管理加强能源管理是实现节约用电的关键。
家庭和企业可以制定合理的用电计划，监测和控制用电量，采取有效的节能措施，提高能源利用效率。
4. 节约用电的挑战和解决方案虽然节约用电带来了许多好处，但也面临一些挑战。
节约能源的17种方法在现代社会，能源已经成为了人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。
然而，由于能源的有限性以及人类发展的需要，能源的消耗也日益增加，导致环境污染和资源浪费问题越来越严重。
因此，节约能源成为了当今世界各国普遍采取的必备措施之一。
本文将为您介绍节约能源的17种方法。
一、调整室内温度室内温度调节是人们日常生活中最需要消耗能源的部分之一。
因此，我们可以尝试通过调整室内温度来达到节约能源的目的。
在冬季，可以通过加强室内保温来降低暖气供热温度。
在夏季，则可以再降低空调温度，这样空调的能量消耗就会更加高效。
二、选择能源高效的家电现代社会，家电产品已经成为了人们生活中不可或缺的一部分。
因此，在选择家电产品时，你可以选择能源高效的产品，这样就能够在平常的生活过程中达到节约能源的目的。
三、使用LED灯LED灯由于其高效、耐用的特点，已经逐渐成为了人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。
因此，使用LED灯也是节约能源的一种方法。
四、尽量避免使用单个电器在日常生活中，如果使用单个电器，能源消耗会比较高。
因此，可以采用多任务方式，同时利用多个电器，达到减少能源消耗的目的。
五、合理使用热水器如果没有特定的需求，可以尽量减少使用热水器的次数和时间，这样就可以达到节约能源的效果。
六、优化家庭用水合理用水也是节约能源的一种方法，可以通过减少浪费、节制用水的时长和数量等方式来实现。
七、合理使用电脑在日常使用电脑时，可以通过关闭多余的程序来减少电脑的能量消耗，还可以选择省电模式等方式来优化电脑的能量消耗。
八、减少车辆使用时间减少车辆使用时间，不仅可以减少能源消耗，还可以减少环境污染和道路堵塞等问题的发生。
九、使用自行车或走路代替开车在不需要太远距离的情况下，可以通过使用自行车或走路来代替开车，这样不仅节约能源，还可以乐享健康生活。
十、优化旅行方式如果有旅行计划，可以通过优化旅行方式来减少能源的消耗，比如选择公共交通工具或者高效自驾车等方式。
能量回馈型电子负载的原理介绍党三磊，丘东元，张波（华南理工大学电力学院广州510640）Study on the Theory of Energy Recycling Electronic LoadDANG Sanlei, QIU Dongyuan(Electric Power College, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China)摘要：能量回馈型电子负载是一种用于各种电源出厂试验的能够模拟实际电阻负载特性的新型电力电子装置。
它能够实现对所模拟电阻值的无级调节，并能够实现电能的再生利用，具有节能、体积小、重量轻、节省安装空间、试验性能优良等优点。
本文简要描述了交直流电子负载的结构、原理和控制方式，并对主要影响系统性能的PWM整流器的工作原理和控制方法进行了重点分析。
关键字：电子负载，能量回馈，PWM整流器ABSTRACT:The energy recycling electronic load is a new type power electronics instrument that can run with the same function as resistors in the all kinds of power source burn-in test. It can be regarded as a resistor whose value can change smoothly. The device saves energy by feeding burn-in test power back to the utility system. It is lighter, smaller and has a better performance in the test than the normal electronic load. This paper describes the structure, principle and control strategy of AC and DC energy recycling electronic load briefly. The principle and control strategy of the PWM rectifier are studied in-depth.KEYWORDS: electronic load, energy recycling, PWM rectifier1引言电子负载是指能模拟真实负载某些特性的电子设备，它不仅可模拟不同数值的电阻、电感、电容及它们的组合，而且可模拟非线性负载的某些特性。
