宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案

«宏观经济学»期末考试试卷 A 卷姓名：学号：成绩：一、名词解释（每题4分，共20分）1、凯恩斯流动性陷阱2、菲利普斯曲线3、货币政策4、挤出效应5、名义GDP二、单项选择题（每题1分，共20分）1、在四部门经济中，GDP是指（）的总和。

A.消费、净投资、政府购买和净出口B.消费、总投资、政府购买和净出口C.消费、总投资、政府购买和总出口D.消费、净投资、政府购买和总出口2、关于投资与利率的关系，以下判断正确的是（）。

A.投资是利率的增函数B.投资是利率的减函数C.投资与利率是非相关关系D.以上判断都不正确3、IS曲线与LM曲线相交时表示（）。

A.产品市场处于均衡状态，而货币市场处于非均衡状态B.产品市场处于非均衡状态，而货币市场处于均衡状态C.产品市场与货币市场都处于均衡状态D.产品市场与货币市场都处于非均衡状态4、抑制需求拉上的通货膨胀，应该（）。

A.降低工资B.减税C.控制货币供给量D解除托拉斯组织5、在其他条件不变的情况下，政府购买增加会使IS曲线（）。

A.向左移动B.向右移动C.保持不变D.发生转动6、一国贸易盈余表示该国（）。

A.消费超过产出并且净出口盈余B.消费超过产出并且净出口赤字C.消费低于产出并且净出口盈余D.消费低于产出并且净出口赤字7、在两部门经济模型中，如果边际消费倾向值为0.8，那么自发支出乘数值应该是（）。

A.4B.2.5C.5D.1.68、如果中央银行采取扩张性的货币政策，可以（）。

A.在公开市场买入债券，以减少商业银行的准备金，促使利率上升B.在公开市场卖出债券，以增加商业银行的准备金，促使利率下跌C.在公开市场买入债券，以增加商业银行的准备金，促使利率下跌D.在公开市场卖出债券，以减少商业银行的准备金，促使利率上升9、已知，C=3000亿元，I=800亿元，G=960亿元，X=200亿元，M=160亿元，折旧=400亿元，则（）不正确。

A.净出口=40亿元B.NDP=4400亿元C. GDP=3800亿元D.GDP=4800亿元10、按百分比计算，如果名义GDP上升（）价格上升的幅度，则实际GDP将（）。

高校宏观经济学期末考核习题及参考答案1. 选择题1.1 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。

A. 国家经济发展的政策B. 单个公司的经济运作C. 不同行业的经济模式D. 整个国民经济的运行规律参考答案：D1.2 影响经济增长率的因素主要包括（）。

A. 基础设施建设B. 科技进步C. 人力资本投资D. 金融市场稳定参考答案：A、B、C1.3 以下哪个指标不属于计算国内生产总值（GDP）时考虑的范围（）。

A. 个人储蓄B. 政府支出C. 净出口D. 固定资本形成参考答案：A2. 简答题2.1 宏观经济学的基本概念是什么？请简要描述。

参考答案：宏观经济学是研究整个国家或地区经济体系的总体运行规律和宏观经济问题的学科。

它关注经济增长、就业、通货膨胀、货币政策等方面的问题，研究经济系统的总体运行和调控。

2.2 请简要解释什么是货币政策？参考答案：货币政策是指中央银行通过调整货币供应量和利率水平等手段来影响经济活动和价格水平的政策。

它旨在实现经济稳定和促进经济增长，通过调控货币供应和信贷规模，以及进行利率调整等策略来影响市场利率、借贷成本和金融市场活动。

3. 计算题3.1 根据以下数据，计算国家的消费水平和投资水平，并计算净出口。

消费支出：5000亿元政府支出：2000亿元投资支出：3000亿元国内生产总值（GDP）：10000亿元进口：1000亿元出口：1500亿元参考答案：消费水平 = 消费支出 = 5000亿元投资水平 = 投资支出 = 3000亿元净出口 = 出口 - 进口 = 1500亿元 - 1000亿元 = 500亿元总结：本文提供了高校宏观经济学期末考核的习题及参考答案。

习题包括选择题、简答题和计算题等。

选择题涵盖了宏观经济学的基本概念和影响经济增长率的因素等内容。

简答题要求对宏观经济学和货币政策进行简要描述和解释。

计算题要求根据给定数据计算国家的消费水平、投资水平和净出口。

通过完成这些习题，学生可以巩固对宏观经济学知识的理解和运用能力，为期末考核做好准备。

宏观经济学A期末考试试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。

A. 个别经济单位的经济行为B. 总体经济现象C. 政府的经济行为D. 企业的生产行为答案：B2. 总需求曲线向下倾斜的主要原因是（）。

A. 价格水平上升B. 价格水平下降C. 收入效应D. 替代效应答案：C3. 货币政策的实施机构是（）。

A. 财政部B. 国家统计局C. 中央银行D. 证监会答案：C4. 经济衰退时，政府应该采取的财政政策是（）。

A. 增加税收B. 减少支出C. 减少税收D. 增加支出5. 货币供应量增加，利率下降，这表明（）。

A. 货币需求减少B. 货币需求增加C. 货币供给增加D. 货币供给减少答案：C6. 通货膨胀率上升，货币的实际购买力会（）。

A. 增加B. 减少C. 不变D. 不确定答案：B7. 经济中存在失业，政府应该采取的措施是（）。

A. 减少公共支出B. 增加公共支出C. 增加税收D. 减少税收答案：B8. 经济增长通常与以下哪个因素有关（）。

A. 资本积累B. 人口增长C. 技术进步D. 所有以上答案：D9. 长期总供给曲线是（）。

B. 向上倾斜的C. 向下倾斜的D. 向右倾斜的答案：A10. 经济周期中，经济从衰退到复苏的阶段被称为（）。

A. 复苏期B. 繁荣期C. 衰退期D. 萧条期答案：A二、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. 简述凯恩斯主义经济学的主要观点。

答案：凯恩斯主义经济学认为，在短期内，总需求的变化是影响经济波动的主要因素。

政府可以通过财政政策和货币政策来调节总需求，从而实现充分就业和稳定物价。

2. 解释什么是菲利普斯曲线，并说明其在现代宏观经济学中的意义。

答案：菲利普斯曲线描述了失业率与通货膨胀率之间的负相关关系。

在短期内，较低的失业率往往伴随着较高的通货膨胀率。

然而，在长期内，这种关系可能并不稳定，因为通货膨胀预期会改变人们的行为。

3. 描述货币政策的三大工具，并简要说明它们是如何影响经济的。

宏观期末试题及答案宏观经济学期末试题及答案一、选择题1. 宏观经济学主要研究的是（）。

A. 个体经济行为B. 产业内部关系C. 市场行为D. 全球经济关系答案：D2. 下列哪种货币供应渠道不属于央行的操作渠道？A. 存款准备金政策B. 开放市场操作C. 货币市场操作D. 贴现贷款操作答案：C3. 当一个国家的货币供应量增加时，该国家的物价水平通常会（）。

A. 上升B. 下降C. 保持不变D. 波动答案：A4. 经济增长率的计算公式是（）。

A. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt-1 × 100%B. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt-1 × 100%C. (GDPt - GDPt-1)/GDPt × 100%D. (GDPt-1 - GDPt)/GDPt × 100%答案：A5. 下列哪种货币政策工具可以用于调控通货膨胀？A. 货币供应量B. 货币利率C. 外汇储备D. 货币市场利率答案：B二、简答题1. 请解释货币的三个职能。

货币的三个职能分别是价值尺度、流通手段和储藏手段。

首先，货币作为价值尺度，可以衡量和比较各种商品和服务的价值。

其次，货币作为流通手段，可以在市场上作为交换媒介，方便商品和服务的买卖交易。

最后，货币作为储藏手段，人们可以将其储存起来，以备将来使用。

2. 请解释通货膨胀对经济的影响。

通货膨胀对经济的影响有以下几方面：首先，通货膨胀会降低货币的购买力，导致物价上涨，减少人们的消费能力和生活水平。

其次，通货膨胀会扭曲资源配置，由于价格上涨，生产成本增加，导致企业投资意愿下降，影响经济的正常运行。

此外，通货膨胀还会引发收入分配的不平等，对固定收入者和储蓄者造成损失，而对资产持有者带来收益。

最后，通货膨胀会削弱国家货币的国际竞争力，影响国际贸易和债务偿还。

三、论述题中国经济的供给侧结构性改革供给侧结构性改革是指通过改善生产力和供给效率，推动经济结构转型升级的一种改革方式。

《宏观经济学》期末考试复习题附答案（参考）一、单项选择第十二章国民收入核算1．下列关于GDP说法正确的是（③）①一年内一个国家范围内的所有交易的市场价值②一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值③一年内一个国家范围内生产的所有最终商品和劳务的市场价值④一年内一个国家范围内交换的所有商品和劳务的市场价值2．某人收入为1000元，个人所得税200元，政府补助150元，则个人可支配收入为（②）① 1350元② 950元③ 650元④ 1050元3．下列将计入当年GDP的一项是（③）①某人花10万元购买一辆二手汽车②面包厂购买的面粉③某企业当年生产没有卖掉的20万元产品④家庭妇女在家从事家务劳动4．如果一个社会体系的消费支出为9亿元，投资支出为1.2亿元，间接税为1亿元，政府用于商品和劳务的支出为2.5亿元，出口额为 3亿元，进口额为1.8亿元，则下列正确的是（①）① GDP为13.9亿元② GDP为12.9亿元③ NDP为13.9亿元④ NDP为12.9亿元5.一国的GNP小于GDP，说明该国公民从国外取得的产值（ B ）外国公民从该国取得的产值。

A、大于B、小于C、等于D、可能大于也可能小于6.今年名义GDP大于去年的名义GDP，说明（ D ）A、今年的物价水平一定比去年高了B、今年生产的物品和劳务总量一定比去年增加了C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。

7．在一般情况下，国民收入核算体系中，数值最小的是（ C ）A、国民生产净值；B、个人收入；C、个人可支配收入；D、国民收入8、一国国内在一定时期内生产的所有最终产品和劳务的市场价值根据价格变化调整后的数值被称为（ B ）A、国民生产净值；B、实际国内生产总值；C、名义国内生产总值；D、潜在国内生产总值9、在统计中，社会保险税增加对( D )项有影响。

A、国内生产总值(GＤＰ)；B、国内生产净值(ＮＤＰ)；C、国民收入(NＩ)；D、个人收入(PＩ)。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（ 卷）一、名词解释题（本题型共 题。

每题 分，共 分）．国内生产总值 ．平衡预算乘数 ．流动性偏好 ．基础货币 ．充分就业 ．国内生产总值：一个国家或地区在一定时期内运用生产要素所生产的全部最终产品（物品和劳务）的市场价值。

．平衡预算乘数：政府的收入和支出同时且以同数量变动时国民收入的变动与政府收入支出变动的比率。

．流动性偏好：即对货币的需求，由于货币具有使用上的灵活性，人们宁可牺牲利息收入而储存不生息货币来保持财富的心理倾向。

．基础货币：商业银行的准备金总额（法定的和超额的）加上非银行部门持有的通货是存款扩张的基础，被称为基础货币。

．充分就业：在广泛的意义上指一切生产要素（包含劳动）都有机会以自己意愿的报酬参加生产的状态。

二、单项选择题（本题型共 题。

每题正确答案只有一个。

每题 分，共 分）．下列哪一项将不计入．．．当年的 ？（ ）．当年整修过的古董汽车所增加的价值； ．一辆新汽车的价值；．一辆二手汽车按其销售价格计算的价值； ．一台磨损的高尔夫球清洁机器的替换品。

． ；．在以支出法计算国内生产总值时，不属于．．．投资的是（ ）。

．某企业增加一笔存货； ．某企业建造一座厂房；．某企业购买一台计算机； ．某企业购买政府债券。

． ；．用收入法计算 时，不能计入 的是（ ）．政府给公务员支付的工资； ．居民购买自行车的支出；．农民卖粮的收入； ．自有住房的租金。

． ；．当实际 为 亿美元， 缩减指数为 时，名义国民收入为：（ ） ． 亿美元； ． 亿美元； ． 亿美元； ． 亿美元。

． ；．一个家庭当其收入为零时，消费支出为 元；而当其收入为 元时，其消费为 元，在图形上，消费和收入之间成一条直线，则其边际消费倾向为（）。

． ； ． ； ． ； ． 。

． ；．认为消费者不只同现期收入相关，而是以一生或可预期长期收入作为消费决策的消费理论是（ ）。

．相对收入理论； ．绝对收入理论； ．凯恩斯消费理论； ．永久收入理论。

1）奥肯定律[答案]：奥肯定律的含义是失业率与实际国民生产总值之间存在一种高度负相关关系。

奥肯定律的主要内容是：失业率如果超过充分就业界限（通常以4%的失业率为标准）时，每使失业率降低1%，实际国民生产总值则增加3%。

反之，失业率每增加1%，实际国民生产总值则减少3%。

2）一个农民种植了 1 蒲式耳小麦，并以1 美元的价格卖给磨坊主。

磨坊主把小麦磨成面粉，然后以3 美元的价格卖给面包师。

面包师用面粉制造面包，并以6 美元的价格卖给一个工程师，工程师吃了面包。

每个人的增加值是多少？GDP 是多少？[答案] 每个人的增值等于成品的价值减去每个人支付的原材料的成本。

因此农民的增值S1（1刀）；面粉厂的增值为S2（3-1=2刀）；面包店的增值为S3（6-3=3刀）。

GPD 是总的价值增量，即1+2+3=6刀。

注意：GDP与最终产品（面包）价值相等。

3）把下列交易归入四个支出部分之一：消费、投资、政府购买以及净出口。

A、波音公司向空军出售一架飞机（政府购买）B、波音公司向美国航空公司出售一架飞机（投资）C、波音公司向法国航空公司出售一架飞机（净出口）D、波音飞机向阿密拉•埃尔哈特出售了一架飞机（消费）E、波音公司制造了一架下半年出售的飞机（投资）4）考虑有三种投入的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数。

K 是资本（机器数量）、L 是劳动（工人人数）、H 是人力资本（工人中大学毕业生人数）。

生产函数为：A、推导出劳动的边际产量。

人力资本量的增加如何影响劳动的边际产量？B、推导出人力资本的边际产量的表达式。

人力资本量的增加怎样影响人力资本的边际产量？C、支付给劳动的收入份额是多少？支付给人力资本的收入份额是多少？在这个经济的国民收入核算中。

你认为工人会得到多大的总收入份额？D、一个不熟练工人赚到劳动的边际产量，而一个熟练工人赚到劳动的边际产量加人力资本的边际产量。

用你对（A）和（B）的[答案]，找出熟练工人与不熟练工人的比率。

一、1、在一般情况下，国民收入核算体系中数值最小的是：A、国内生产净值B、个人收入C、个人可支配收入D、国民收入E、国内生产总值2、下列哪一项应计入GDP中：A、面包厂购买的面粉B、购买40股股票C、家庭主妇购买的面粉D、购买政府债券E、以上各项都不应计入。

3、计入GDP的有：A、家庭主妇的家务劳动折算合成的收入B、拍卖毕加索作品的收入C、出神股票的收入D、晚上为邻居照看儿童的收入E、从政府那里获得的困难补助收入4、在下列各项中，属于经济中的注入因素是A、投资；B、储蓄；C、净税收；D、进口。

5、政府支出乘数A、等于投资乘数B、比投资乘数小1C、等于投资乘数的相反数D、等于转移支付乘数E、以是说法都不正确6、在以下情况中，投资乘数最大的是A、边际消费倾向为0.7；B、边际储蓄倾向为0.2；C、边际储蓄倾向为0.4；D、边际储蓄倾向为0.3。

7、国民消费函数为C=80+0.8Y，如果消费增加100亿元，国民收入A、增加100亿元；B、减少100亿元；C、增加500亿元；D、减少500亿元。

8、如果政府支出增加A、对IS曲线无响应B、IS曲线向右移动C、IS曲线向左移动D、以上说法都不正确9、政府税收的增加将A、对IS曲线无响应B、IS曲线向右移动C、IS曲线向左移动D、以上说法都不正确10、位于IS曲线左下方的收入与利率的组合，都是A、投资大于储蓄；B、投资小于储蓄；C、投资等于储蓄；D、无法确定。

11、当经济中未达到充分就业时，如果LM曲线不变，政府支出增加会导致A、收入增加、利率上升；B、收入增加、利率下降；C、收入减少、利率上升；D、收入减少、利率下降。

12、一般地，在IS曲线不变时，货币供给减少会导致A、收入增加、利率上升；B、收入增加、利率下降；C、收入减少、利率上升；D、收入减少、利率下降。

13、如果现行产出水平为10万亿元，总需求为8万亿，可以断定，若经济不是充分就业，那么：A、就业水平将下降B、收入水平将上升C、收入和就业水平将均衡D、就业量将上升E、就业水平将上升，收入将下降14、在流动陷阱（凯恩斯陷阱）中A、货币政策和财政政策都十分有效B、货币政策和财政政策都无效C、货币政策无效，财政政策有效D、货币政策有效，财政政策无效E、以上说法都不正确15、如果实施扩张性的货币政策，中央银行可采取的措施是A、卖出国债；B、提高法定准备金比率；C、降低再贴现率；D、提高再贴现率；16、如果名义利率为6%，通货膨胀率为12%，那么实际利率是A、6%；B、18%；C、12%；D、-6%。

《宏观经济学》期末考试试题一、判断题（对的写“T”，错的写“F”；每小题1分，共10分）1.人均真实GDP是平均经济福利（生活水平）的主要衡量指标。

2.1963年美国的最低工资水平是每小时1.25美元，而2013年则为7.25美元，因而，在美国拿最低工资的人的生活水平大大提高了。

3.大多数失业是短期的，然而，大多数所观察到的失业是长期的。

4.通货膨胀并没有降低大多数工人的购买力。

5.家庭决定把大部分收入储蓄起来会使总供给曲线向左移动。

6.某人出售一幅旧油画所得到的收入应该计入当年的国内生产总值。

7.无论什么人，只要没有找到工作就是失业。

8.短期总供给不变时，总需求的变动会引起均衡的国内生产总值同方向变动，物价水平反方向变动。

9.扩张性货币政策的实行可以增加货币供给量，从而使利率水平提高。

10.总需求不足时，政府可以提高转移支付水平，以增加社会总需求。

二、简答题（每小题5分，共15分）1.列出并说明生产率的四个决定因素。

2.解释企业通过提高它所支付的工资增加利润的四种可能原因。

3.是什么因素可能引起总需求曲线向左移动？三、应用题（每小题5分，共20分）假设今年的货币供给是5 00亿美元，名义GDP是10万亿美元，而真实GDP是5万亿美元。

1.物价水平是多少？货币流通速度是多少？2.假设货币流通速度是不变的，而每年经济中物品与服务的产出增加5%。

如果美联储保持货币供给不变，明年的名义GDP和物价水平是多少？3.如果美联储想保持物价水平不变，它应该把明年的货币供给设定为多少？4.如果美联储想把通货膨胀率控制在10%，它应该把货币供给设定为多少？四、计算与分析说明题（每小题10分，共30分；要有计算步骤，否则扣分）b.把2015年作为基年，计算各年的真实GDP。

c.与2016年相比，2017年的名义GDP、真实GDP增长率各是多少？名义GDP增长率和真实GDP增长率孰大孰小？解释原因。

2.一个经济在产出低于其自然水平4000亿美元的水平上运行，而且财政政策制定者想弥补这种衰退性缺口。

【注意：答案按序号写在答题纸上，答毕后试题与答题纸一并上交】一、单项选择（每题1分，共20分）1．国内生产总值是指一国在一定时期内生产的_____的市场价值。

A．产品和劳务B．最终产品和劳务C.中间产品和劳务D．所有产品和劳务2．下列哪几项计入当年的GDP？______A．购买一辆旧车 B.购买1000元股票C．蛋糕厂购入的5吨面粉 D.银行从企业获得的贷款利息3.如果货币供给增加，那么在IS-LM分析框架中___________曲线会向___________移动。

A.LM;左B.LM；右C.IS左D.IS；右4. 在凯恩斯交叉中，乘数的重要性依赖于__________。

A. 投资函数的斜率B. 实际利率C. 实际货币供给的增加D. 消费函数的斜率5. 中央银行在公开市场上买进政府证券的结果将是__________。

A.银行存款增加B.市场利率上升C.公众手里的货币增加D.以上都不是6. 在宏观经济学理论中，短期与长期的关键差别在于__________。

A.消费行为B.投资行为C.价格行为D.储蓄行为7.当一国储蓄率提高并达到新的稳态后，该国__________。

A. 人均产量将以更快的速度增长B. 人均产量将比原来高C. 人均产量将与原来相同D. 以上都正确8. 若名义货币供给量增长了6%，物价水平上涨了4%，产出增长了3%，根据货币数量论方程式，货币流通速度__________。

A. 增加了13%B. 增加了7%C. 增加了3%D. 增加了1%9.贸易赤字不能通过以下哪种方式融资__________。

A.向外国人借款B.向外国人出售本国资产C.向外国人出售国内居民拥有的资产D.向国内贷款人借款10.若中央银行在政府增税的同时减少货币供给，则__________。

A. 利率必然上升B. 利率必然下降C. 均衡收入必然上升D. 均衡收入必然下降11.自然失业率__________。

A. 是历史上最低水平的失业率B.与一国的经济效率之间的关系密切C. 包含摩擦性失业与结构性失业D. 恒为零12.如果美国的生产函数是柯布道格拉斯形式，资本份额为0.3，产出增长率是每年3%，折旧率是每年4%，资本产出比率是2.5，那么稳态时相应的储蓄率是：A.12.5%B.14%C.17.5%D.20%13.下列做法可以使时间不一致性降到最低的是__________。

一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1．The government reports that "GDP increased by 1.6 percent in the last quarter." This statement means that GDP increaseda. by 6.4 percent for the year.b. at an annual rate of 6.4 percent during the last quarter.c. at an annual rate of 1.6 percent during the last quarter.d. at an annual rate of .4 percent during the last quarter.2．A Brazilian company produces soccer balls in the United States and exports all of them. If the price of the soccer balls increases, the GDP deflatora. and the CPI both increase.b. is unchanged and the CPI increases.c. increases and the CPI is unchanged.d. and the CPI are unchanged.3．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase bya. more than 1 percent.b. less than 1 percent.c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.4．A nation's standard of living is measured by itsa. real GDP.b. real GDP per person.c. nominal GDP.d. nominal GDP per person.5．In 2002 President Bush imposed restrictions on imports of steel to protect the U.S.steel industry.a. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverseeffects on growth.b. This is an inward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects ongrowth.c. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have adverse effects on growth.d. This is an outward-oriented policy which most economists believe have beneficial effects ongrowth.6．Generally when economists and the text talk of the "interest rate," they are talking about thea. real interest rate.b. current nominal interest rate.c. real interest rate minus the inflation rate.d. equilibrium nominal interest rate.7．An increase in the budget deficita. makes investment spending fall.b. makes investment spending rise.c. does not affect investment spending.d. may increase, decrease, or not affect investment spending.8．Norne Corporation is considering building a new plant. It will cost them $1 million today to build it and it will generate revenues of $1,121 million three years from today. Of the interest rates below, which is the highest interest rate at which Norne would still be willing to build the plant?a. 3 percentb. 3.5 percentc. 4 percentd. 4.5 percent9．Recent entrants into the labor force account for abouta. 1/2 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.b. 1/3 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.c. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/2 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force.d. 1/4 of those who are unemployed. Spells of unemployment end about 1/5 of the time with peopleleaving the labor force10．Which of the following best illustrates the unit of account function of money?a. You list prices for candy sold on your Web site, , indollars.b. You pay for your WNBA tickets with dollars.c. You keep $10 in your backpack for emergencies.d. None of the above is correct.11．Current U.S. currency isa. fiat money with intrinsic value.b. fiat money with no intrinsic value.c. commodity money with intrinsic value.d. commodity money with no intrinsic value.12．Velocity in the country of Shem is always stable. In 2002, the money supply was $200 billion and the GDP price deflator was four times as high as it was in the base year. In 2003, the money supply increased to $240 billion, the price level increased by 15 percent, and nominal GDP equaled $1,200 billion. By how much did real GDP increase between 2002 and 2003?a. 20 percentb. 4.35 percentc. 2.17 percentd. There is not enough information to answer the question.13．Shoeleather costs refer toa. the cost of more frequent price changes induced by higher inflation.b. the distortion in resource allocation created by distortions in relative prices dueto inflation.c. resources used to maintain lower money holdings when inflation is high.d. the distortion in incentives created by inflation by taxes that do not adjust forinflation.14．International tradea. raises the standard of living in all trading countries.b. lowers the standard of living in all trading countries.c. leaves the standard of living unchanged.d. raises the standard of living for importing countries and lowers it for exporting countries.15．Which of the following would be U.S. foreign portfolio investment?a. Disney builds a new amusement park near Rome, Italy.b. Your economics professor buys stock in companies located in Eastern European countries.c. A Dutch hotel chain opens a new hotel in the United States.d. A citizen of Singapore buys a bond issued by a U.S. corporation.16．A Venezuelan firm purchases earth-moving equipment from a U.S. company and pays for it with domestic currency. This transactiona. increases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.b. increases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.c. decreases U.S. net exports, and increases Venezuelan net capital outflow.d. decreases U.S. net exports, and decreases Venezuelan net capital outflow.17．At the equilibrium interest rate in the open economy macroeconomic model, the amount that people want to save equals the desired quantity ofa. net capital outflow.b. domestic investment.c. net capital outflow plus domestic investment.d. foreign currency supplied.18．In an open economy,a. net capital outflow = imports.b. net capital outflow = net exports.c. net capital outflow = exports.d. None of the above is correct.19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, the real exchange rate is determined in the market where dollars are exchanged for foreign currency by the equality of the supply of dollars, which comes froma. U.S. national saving and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.b. U.S. net capital outflow and the demand for dollars for U.S. net exports.c. domestic investment and the demand for U.S. net exports.d. foreign demand for U.S. goods and U.S. demand for foreign goods.20．If a government increases its budget deficit, then interest ratesa. rise and the trade balance moves toward surplus.b. rise and the trade balance moves toward deficit.c. fall and the trade balance moves toward surplus.d. fall and the trade balance moves toward deficit.21．Investment spending decreases when the price levela. rises causing interest rates to rise.b. rises causing interest rates to fall.c. falls causing interest rates to rise.d. falls causing interest rates to fall.22．An increase in the price level and a decrease in real GDP in the short run could be created bya. an increase in the money supply.b. an increase in government expenditures.c. a fall in stock prices.d. bad weather in farm states.23．Which part of real GDP fluctuates most over the course of the business cycle?a. consumptionb. government expendituresc. investmentd. net exports24．According to liquidity preference theory, the price level and interest rate area. positively related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.b. inversely related as are the interest rate and aggregate demand.c. positively related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are inverselyrelated.d. inversely related while the interest rate and aggregate demand are positivelyrelated.25．Which of the following shifts aggregate demand to the right?a. an increase in the price levelb. an increase in the money supplyc. a decrease in the price leveld. a decrease in the money supply26．If the Fed conducts open-market sales, the money supplya. increases and aggregate demand shifts right.b. increases and aggregate demand shifts left.c. decreases and aggregate demand shifts right.d. decreases and aggregate demand shifts left.27．Some economists argue thata. monetary policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.b. fiscal policy should actively be used to stabilize the economy.c. fiscal policy can be used to shift the AD curve.d. All of the above are correct.28．The lag problem associated with monetary policy is due mostly toa. the fact that business firms make investment plans far in advance.b. the political system of checks and balances that slows down the process of determining monetarypolicy.c. the time it takes for changes in government spending to affect the interest rate.d. All of the above are correct.29．A. W. Phillips' findings were based on dataa. from 1861-1957 for the United Kingdom.b. from 1861-1957 for the United States.c. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United Kingdom.d. mostly from the post-World War II period in the United States.30．Which of the following is true concerning the long-run Phillips curve?a. Its position is determined primarily by monetary factors.b. If it shifts right, long-run aggregate supply shifts right.c. It cannot be changed by any government policy.d. its position depends on the natural rate of unemployment.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．The government component of GDP includes salaries paid to Army generals but not Social Security benefits to the elderly.32．An increase in the saving rate does not permanently increases the growth rate of real GDP per person.33．In ten years when you are the owner of a major U.S. corporation, if your corporation opens and operates a branch in a foreign country you will be engaging in foreign direct investment.34．Corporations receive no proceeds from the resale of their stock.35．According to the rule of 70, if you earn an interest rate of 3.5 percent, your savings will double about every 20 years.36．The value of a stock depends on the ability of the company to generate dividends and the expected price of the stock when the stockholder sells her shares.37．A minimum wage above equilibrium creates a labor surplus.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level. 39．The use of money allows trade to be roundabout.40．The quantity theory of money can explain hyperinflations but not moderate inflation.41．In every economy, national saving equals domestic investment plus net capitaloutflow.42．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, net exports represent the quantity of dollars demanded in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affectspecific firms and industries.44．If speculators bid up the value of the dollar in the market for foreign-currency exchange, aggregate demand would shift to the left.45．In response to a decrease in output the economy would revert to its original level of prices and output whether the decrease in output was caused by a decrease in aggregate demand or a decrease in aggregate supply.46．John Maynard Keynes advocated policies that would increase aggregate demand as a way to decrease unemployment caused by recessions.47．An increase in the money supply shifts the aggregate supply curve right. 48．Unemployment insurance and welfare programs work as automatic stabilizers. 49．In the long run, the inflation rate depends primarily on money supply growth.50．Although monetary policy cannot reduce the natural rate of unemployment, other types of policies can. 三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect: 52．depreciation: 53．capital flight: 54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers: 四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Compare and contrast the population theories of Malthus and Kremer.57．Using a graph representing the market for loanable funds, show and explain what happens to interest rates and investment if a government goes from a deficit to a surplus.58．Which two of the Ten Principles of Economics imply that the Fed can profoundly affect the economy?59．The U.S. Treasury Department issues inflation-indexed bonds. What areinflation-indexed bonds and why are they important?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right.61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand and long-run aggregate supply curves.62．How does a reduction in the money supply by the Fed make owning stocks less attractive?63．Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10分)64. Suppose government spends $3 billion to buy police cars. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by more than $3 billion. Explain why aggregate demand might increase by less than $3 billion.65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34. 35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49. 50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation:53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)《宏观经济学》试卷A参考答案1.c2.c3.d4.b5.a6.a7.a8.b9.b 10.a 11.b 12.b 13.c 14.a 15.b 16.b 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.b 21.a 22.d 23.c 24.c 25.b 26.d 27.d 28.a 29.a 30.d31.T 32.T 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.T 37.T 38.F 39.T 40.F 41.T 42.T 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.F 48.T 49.T 50.T51.the property whereby contries that start off poor tend to grow more rapidly than countries that start off rich.52.a decrease in the value of a currency as measured by the amount of foreign currency it can buy.53.a large and sudden reduction in the demand for assets located in a country.54.a period of declining real incomes and rising unemployment.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession考生答题不得过此线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶密∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶封∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶ 任课教师：教学班号：姓名：学号：∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶装∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶订∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶线∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶∶without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.The difference is that Malthus predicted that population growth would be greater than growth in the ability to increase output. He believed that people would continue to populate the earth until output reached a subsistence level. On the other hand Kremer argues that population growth increased productivity allowing people to improve their standard of living despite growing population. Kremer argues that with more population comes more innovations. The improvements in technology more than offset any adverse impact of the increase in population on the standard of living.57. As shown in the graph below, the economy starts in equilibrium at point E0 with interest rate r0 and equilibrium quantity of saving and investment at q0. If the government succeeds in obtaining a surplus, there will be more public saving in the economy at each interest rate, and the supply of loanable funds curve will shift from S0 to S1. The new equilibrium will be at E1, with a lower interest rate, r1 and a higher quantity of saving and investment, q1. Hence, if the federal government succeeds in having a surplus, interest rates will fall and investment will increase.Market for Loanable Funds58. 1. Prices rise when the government prints too much money.2. There is a short-run tradeoff between inflation and unemployment.59. Inflation-indexed bonds are bonds whose interest and principal payments are adjusted upward for inflation, guaranteeing their real purchasing power in the future.They are important because they provide a safe, inflation-proof asset for savers and they may allow the Treasury to borrow more easily at a lower current cost.60. Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph.Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62. The reduction in the money supply raises the interest rate. So the return on bonds increases relative to the return on stocks. The increase in the interest rate also causes spending to fall so that revenues and profits fall making shares of ownership in corporations less valuable.63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president and Congress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended. The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.64. 当政府支出30亿美元购买警车时，直接投资增加警车生产企业的利润，这种增加又使该企业雇佣更多工人，并增加生的。

一、单选题（共15题，每题2分，共30分）1. （鼓励独立完成作业，严惩抄袭。

慎交作业，责任自负。

）哪一项计入GDP?（）（第 二章，视频教学课件第7-9讲）A. 购买一辆用过的IH 自行车；B. 政府向低保户发放一笔救济金；C. 汽车制造厂买进10吨钢材；D. 银行向某企业收取一笔贷款利息试题编号是否评分：未评分 评价描述：***2. 一国的国内生产总值小于国民生产总值，则该国公民从国外収得的收入（）外国国民 从该国取得的收入。

（第二章，视频教学课件第7-9讲） A. 大于 B. 小于 C. 等于D. 不能确定试题编号： 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：和* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：*** 考生答案：B 考生得分：*** 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：***3. 在一个有家庭、企业、政府和国外的部门构成的四部门经济中，GDP 是（）的总和。

（第二章，视频教学课件第7-9讲）政府购买和净出口： 政府购买和净出口； 政府购买和总出口； 政府转移支付和净出口 试题编号:试题类型 标准答案 试题难度 试题解析 考生答案考生得分 单选题 *** 一般D*** A. 消费、 B. 消费、 C. 消费、 D. 消费、 总投资、 净投资、 总投资、 总投资、试题类型 标准答案 试题难度 试题解析 考生答案 考生得分 是否评分 评价描述4. 在两部门收入•支出模型中，如果边际消费倾向为0.8,那么自主支出乘数为（）o （第 三章，视频教学课件第10-18讲）A. 1.6B. 2.5C. 5D. 4试题编号单选题***一般A*** 未评分试题类型 单选题 标准答案 试题难度 试题解析 考生答案 一般 ***C考生得分：***是否评分 未评分评价描述***5.固定税制度下的自发支出乘数（）变动税制下的自发支出乘数。

（第三章，视频教学课 件第10・18讲） A. 大于 B. 小于 C. 等于 D. 不能确定试题编号 试题类型 标准答案 试题难度 试题解析 考生答案 考生得分 单选题 *** 一般 ***C是否评分：未评分 评价描述：***6.当经济出现膨胀缺口时，以下可以使经济达到充分就业均衡水平的措施有（）o （第三章，视频教学课件第10-18讲）A.增加白发消费B.增加计划投资C.提高边际消费倾向D.增加进口试题编号：试题类型：单选题标准答案：***试题难度：一般试题解析：***考生答案：D考生得分：***是否评分：未评分评价描述：***7.下列哪项不是人们持有货币的动机（）0（第四章，视频教学课件第19・25讲）A.交易动机B.预防动机C.投机动机D.均衡财富试题编号：试题类型：单选题标准答案：***试题难度：一般试题解析：***考生答案：D考生得分：***是否评分：未评分评价描述：***& 利率和收入的组合点出现在IS曲线左下方，LM曲线右下方区域中，则表示（）。

2022年宏观经济学期末复习测试试题与答案1长期总供给曲线表示（）。

分值A.经济中已经实现了充分就业(正确答案)B.经济中的资源还没有得到充分利用C.在价格不变时，总供给可以无限增加D.总供给增加，价格不会有变化2.根据常规AD-AS模型，在总需求不变时，总供给的增加会引起（）。

分值A国民收入减少，价格水平下降B.国民收入增加，价格水平上升C.国民收入减少，价格水平上升D.国民收入增加，价格水平下降(正确答案)3.利率效应表明（）。

分值A价格水平上升时将减少货币供给，从而提高利率，使消费和投资支出下降(正确答案)B.价格水平上升时将增加货币供给，从而提高利率，使消费和投资支出下降C.价格水平上升时将增加货币供给，从而降低利率，使消费和投资支出下降D.价格水平上升时将减少货币供给，从而降低利率，使消费和投资支出增加4.由于工会垄断力量要求提高工资，导政雇主提高商品售价，最终引发整个社会物价水平上涨，这就是（）。

分值A需求拉动型通货膨胀B.成本推动型通货膨胀(正确答案)C.结构性通货膨胀D.利润推动型通货膨胀5.通货膨胀会使得下列哪些群体受益（）。

分值A.债权人B.债务人(正确答案)C.工资收入者D.退休人员6.关于菲利普斯曲线的形状，一般认为（）。

分值5分 OA.向右下倾斜B.一条水平线c.一条垂直线D.短期内右下倾斜，长期内为一垂直线(正确答案)7.凯恩斯主义所重视的政策工具是（）。

分值A.需求管理(正确答案)B.供给管理C需求管理和供给管理并重D以上都不是8.较小的边际消费倾向将可能导致（）。

分值A.较大的政府支出乘数B.较大的财政政策效果(正确答案)C.较平的IS曲线D.较陡的计划支出曲线9.在宏观经济学中，经济增长被定义为（）。

分值A投资的增加B.劳动的增加C.资本的增加D.产量的增加(正确答案)10.经济增长的根本原因不包括（）。

分值A制度B.文化C.地理D.劳动(正确答案)11.宏观经济学的中心理论是（）。

宏观经济学期末考试试卷及答案（ A 卷）一、名词解释题（本题型共5题。

每题2分，共10分，将答案写在答题纸上）1．国民生产总值2. 消费函数3. 充分就业4 经济周期5. 菲利普斯曲线二、单项选择题（本题型共30题。

每题正确答案只有一个，从每题的备选答案中选出正确的答案，将其英文字母编号填入答题纸上相应的空格．．．．．内。

每题1分，共30分）1、今年的名义国内生产总值大于去年的名义国内生产总值，说明：( )A.、今年物价水平一定比去年高了；B、今年生产的物品和劳务的总量一定比去年增加了；C、今年的物价水平和实物产量水平一定都比去年提高了；D、以上三种说法都不一定正确。

2、一国的国内生产总值小于国民生产总值，说明该国公民从外国取得的收入( )外国公民从该国取得的收入( )A.、大于；B、小于；C、等于；D、可能大于也可能小于。

3、两部门的均衡是：（）A: I=S；B: I+G=S+T；C: I+G+X=S+T+M；D: AD=AS。

4、一般地说，通货膨胀会使（）。

A．债权人受损，债务人受益；B．债权人受益，债务人受损；C．债权人和债务人都受益；D．债权人和债务人都受损。

5、在货币总量不变条件下，当物价上升，货币投机需求减少，利率上升，从而抑制投资需求和居民信贷消费需求，导致产出的下降，这种效应被称为（）A. 净出口效应；B. 利率效应；C.实际余额效应；D.财富效应。

6、总需求曲线向下倾斜的原因之一是( )：A. 随着价格水平下降，家庭的实际财富下降，他们将增加消费；B. 随着价格水平上升，家庭的实际财富下降，他们将减少消费；C. 随着价格水平下降，家庭的实际财富上升，他们将减少消费；D. 随着价格水平上升，家庭的实际财富上升，他们将增加消费。

7、在LM曲线即定时，扩张性的财政政策使IS曲线向（）。

A: 上移； B: 下移；C: 不变； D: 无联系。

8、假设银行利率为6%，在下列几项投资中，投资者应该选择（）：A.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是2%；B.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是5%；C.类投资的平均资本收益率最高的是8%；D.无法确定。

宏观经济学期末考试1 中央在（D）年以后基本上建立了以经济调控为主的宏观调控体系。

A、1979B、1981C、1989D、1993正确答案：D 我的答案：B2 影响投资最重要的因素是（C）。

A、货币供求状况B、投资者个人的资金状况C、利率水平D、一个国家或地区的投资环境正确答案：C 我的答案：B3 （C）不是紧缩性的货币政策。

A、提高存款准备金率B、提高利率C、提高税率D、压缩商业银行的贷款规模正确答案：C 我的答案：B4宏观经济学的发端是凯恩斯的著作（B）。

A、《凡尔塞和约的经济后果》B、《就业、利息和货币通论》C、《货币改革论》D、《论概率》正确答案：B 我的答案：B5 根据凯恩斯的理论，人们的货币需求不包括（D）A、交易性货币需求B、预防性货币需求C、投机性货币需求D、支付性货币需求正确答案：D 我的答案：D6 影响货币政策调控效应的因素中，如果IS曲线斜率越大，则（B）A、产出效应越大，挤出效应越大B、产出效应越小，挤出效应越大C、产出效应越大，挤出效应越小D、产出效应越小，挤出效应越小正确答案：B 我的答案：D7 根据凯恩斯的理论，当利率（A）时，就会碰到流动性陷阱。

A、上涨到一定水平B、降低到一定水平C、波动幅度大到一定水平D、波动幅度小到一定水平正确答案：A 我的答案：A8 有效需求指（C）达到均衡时的社会产出总量和需求总量。

A、总供给量与总需求量B、总供给能力与总需求能力C、总供给价格与总需求价格D、总供给预期与总需求预期正确答案：C 我的答案：B9 三部门经济的有效需求决定模型中，除了原有的居民和企业，又增加了银行。

（B）A、正确B、错误C、政府D、银行正确答案：B 我的答案：C10最早给宏观经济学下定义的经济学家是（C）。

A、凯恩斯B、马歇尔C、夏皮罗D、萨缪尔森正确答案：C 我的答案：C11 索洛模型的原型公式为（C）。

A、k·f(k)=+nk B、s·f(k)=+nk C、s·f(k)=+nk D、s·f(s)=+nk正确答案：C 我的答案：C12 通货膨胀超过（A）时，可能对期自身产生一个激励加强的作用。

宏观经济学期末试题一、名词解释题（本题型共5题。

每题3分，共15分）1．国内生产总值2．平衡预算乘数3．流动性偏好4．基础货币5．充分就业二、单项选择题（本题型共30题。

每题正确答案只有一个。

每题1分，共30分）1．下列哪一项将不计入．．．当年的GDP？（）A．当年整修过的古董汽车所增加的价值；B．一辆新汽车的价值；C．一辆二手汽车按其销售价格计算的价值；D．一台磨损的高尔夫球清洁机器的替换品。

2．在以支出法计算国内生产总值时，不属于．．．投资的是（）。

A．某企业增加一笔存货；B．某企业建造一座厂房；C．某企业购买一台计算机；D．某企业购买政府债券。

3．用收入法计算GDP时，不能计入GDP的是（）A．政府给公务员支付的工资；B．居民购买自行车的支出；C．农民卖粮的收入；D．自有住房的租金。

4．当实际GDP为1500亿美元，GDP缩减指数为120时，名义国民收入为：（）A．1100亿美元；B．1500亿美元；C．1700亿美元；D．1800亿美元。

5．一个家庭当其收入为零时，消费支出为2000元；而当其收入为6000元时，其消费为6000元，在图形上，消费和收入之间成一条直线，则其边际消费倾向为（）。

A．2/3；B．3/4；C．4/5；D．1。

6．认为消费者不只同现期收入相关，而是以一生或可预期长期收入作为消费决策的消费理论是（）。

A．相对收入理论；B．绝对收入理论；C．凯恩斯消费理论；D．永久收入理论。

7．由于价格水平上升，使人们持有的货币及其他资产的实际价值降低，导致人们消费水平减少，这种效应被称为（）。

A．利率效应；B．实际余额效应；C．进出口效应；D．挤出效应。

8．如果边际储蓄倾向为0.3，投资支出增加60亿元时，将导致均衡GDP增加（）。

A．20亿元； B．60亿元； C．180亿元； D．200亿元。

9．在下列情况下，投资乘数最大的是（）A．MPC＝0.9；B．MPC＝0.8；C．MPC＝0.75；D．MPC＝0.7。

.一、 1、在一般状况下，公民收入核算系统中数值最小的是：A、国内生产净值B、个人收入C、个人可支配收入D、公民收入E、国内生产总值2、以下哪一项应计入GDP 中：A、面包厂购置的面粉B、购置 40 股股票C、家庭主妇购置的面粉D、购置政府债券E、以上各项都不该计入。

3、计入 GDP 的有：A、家庭主妇的家务劳动折算合成的收入B、拍卖毕加索作品的收入C、入迷股票的收入D、夜晚为街坊照看小孩的收入E、从政府那边获取的困难补贴收入4、在以下各项中，属于经济中的注入要素是A 、投资； B、积蓄； C、净税收； D、入口。

5、政府支出乘数A、等于投资乘数B、比投资乘数小 1C、等于投资乘数的相反数D、等于转移支付乘数E、以是说法都不正确6、在以下状况中，投资乘数最大的是A、边沿花费偏向为；B、边沿积蓄偏向为；C、边沿积蓄偏向为；D、边沿积蓄偏向为。

7、公民花费函数为C=80+0.8Y ，假如花费增添100 亿元，公民收入A、增添 100亿元；B、减少100 亿元；C、增添 500亿元；D、减少500 亿元。

8、假如政府支出增添A、对 IS 曲线无响应B、 IS 曲线向右挪动C、 IS 曲线向左挪动D、以上说法都不正确9、政府税收的增添将A、对 IS 曲线无响应B、 IS 曲线向右挪动C、 IS 曲线向左挪动D、以上说法都不正确10、位于 IS 曲线左下方的收入与利率的组合，都是A、投资大于积蓄；B、投资小于积蓄；C、投资等于积蓄；D、没法确立。

11、当经济中未达到充足就业时，假如LM 曲线不变，政府支出增添会致使A、收入增添、利率上涨；B、收入增添、利率降落；C、收入减少、利率上涨；D、收入减少、利率降落。

12、一般地，在 IS 曲线不变时，钱币供应减少会致使A、收入增添、利率上涨；B、收入增添、利率降落；C、收入减少、利率上涨；D、收入减少、利率降落。

13、假如现行产出水平为10 万亿元，总需求为 8 万亿，能够判定，若经济不是充足就业，那么：A、就业水平将降落B、收入水平将上涨C、收入和就业水平将平衡D、就业量将上涨E、就业水平将上涨，收入将降落14、在流动圈套（凯恩斯圈套）中A、钱币政策和财政政策都十分有效B、钱币政策和财政政策都无效C、钱币政策无效，财政政策有效D、钱币政策有效，财政政策无效E、以上说法都不正确15、假如实行扩充性的钱币政策，中央银行可采纳的举措是A、卖出国债；B、提升法定准备金比率；C、降低再贴现率；D、提升再贴现率；16、假如名义利率为6%，通货膨胀率为12%，那么实质利率是A、6%； B、 18%； C、 12%；D 、 -6%。

1．In the United States real GDP is reported each quarter.a. These numbers are adjusted to make them measure at annual and seasonally adjusted rates.b. These numbers are adjusted to make them annual rates, but no adjustment for seasonal variations are made.c. These numbers are quarterly rates that have been seasonally adjusted.d. These numbers are at quarterly rates and have not been seasonally adjusted.2．The price of CD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase by a. more than 1 percent. b. less than 1 percent. c. 1 percent.d. It is impossible to make an informed guess without more information.3．If increases in the prices of U.S. medical care cause the CPI to increase by 2 percent,the GDP deflator will likely increase by a. more than 2 percent. b. 2 percent. c. less than 2 percent.d. All of the above are correct.4．The traditional view of the production process is that capital is subject to a. constant returns. b. increasing returns. c. diminishing returns.d. diminishing returns for low levels of capital, and increasing returns for high levels of capital.5．Which of the following is correct?a. Political instability can reduce foreign investment, reducing growth.6．Use the following table to answer the following question. Assume that the closing price was also the average price at which each stock transaction took place. Whatwas the total dollar volume of Gillette stock traded that day?a. $912,840,000b. $91,284,000c. $9,128,400d. $912,8407．Suppose that in a closed economy GDP is equal to 10,000, taxes are equal to 2,500 Consumption equals 6,500 and Government expenditures equal 2,000. What are private saving, public saving, and nationalsaving? a. 1500, 1000, 500 b. 1000, 500, 1500 c. 500, 1500, 1000d. None of the above are correct.8．Risk-averse people will choose different asset portfolios than people who are not risk averse. Over a longperiod of time, we would expect that a. every risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than every non-risk averse person. b. every risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than every non-risk averse person.c. the average risk-averse person will earn a higher rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.d. the average risk-averse person will earn a lower rate of return than the average non-risk averse person.9．The natural rate of unemployment is the精品文档a. unemployment rate that would prevail with zero inflation.b. rate associated with the highest possible level of GDP.c. difference between the long-run and short-run unemployment rates.d. amount of unemployment that the economy normally experiences.10．Suppose that the reserve ratio is 5 percent and that a bank has $1,000 in deposits. Its required reserves area. $5.b. $50.c. $95.d. $950.11．Suppose a bank has $200,000 in deposits and $190,000 in loans. It has a reserve ratio ofa. 5 percentb. 9.5 percentc. 10 percentd. None of the above is correct.12．The inflation taxa. transfers wealth from the government to households.b. is the increase in income taxes due to lack of indexation.c. is a tax on everyone who holds money.d. All of the above are correct.13．In 1898, prospectors on the Klondike River discovered gold. This discovery caused an unexpected price levela. decrease that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.b. decrease that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.c. increase that helped creditors at the expense of debtors.d. increase that helped debtors at the expense of creditors.14．Ivan, a Russian citizen, sells several hundred cases of caviar to a restaurant chain in the United States. By itself, this salea. increases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.b. increases U.S. net exports and decreases Russian net exports.c. decreases U.S. net exports and has no effect on Russian net exports.d. decreases U.S. net exports and increases Russian net exports.15．Suppose that the real exchange rate between the United States and Kenya is defined in terms of baskets of goods. Which of the following will increase the real exchange rate (that is increase the number of baskets of Kenyan goods a basket of U.S. goods buys)?a. an increase in the number of Kenyan shillings that can be purchased with a dollarb. an increase in the price of U.S. baskets of goodsc. a decrease in the price in Kenyan shillings of Kenyan goodsd. All of the above are correct.16．Use the (hypothetical) information in the following table to answer the next question.In real terms, U.S. goods are more expensive than goods in which country(ies)?a. Brazil and Mexicob. Japan, Sweden, and Thailandc. Japan and Swedend. Thailand.17．Which of the following would tend to shift the supply of dollars in foreign-currency exchange market of the open-economy macroeconomic model to the left?a. The exchange rate rises.b. The exchange rate falls.c. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets rises.d. The expected rate of return on U.S. assets falls.18．The real exchange rate equals the relativea. price of domestic and foreign currency.b. price of domestic and foreign goods.c. rate of domestic and foreign interest.d. None of the above is correct.精品文档19．In the open-economy macroeconomic model, if the supply of loanable funds increases, the interest ratea. and the real exchange rate increase.b. and the real exchange rate decrease.c. increases and the real exchange rate decreases.d. decreases and the real exchange rate increases.20．For the following question, use the graph below.The initial effect of an increase in the budget deficit in the loanable funds market is illustrated as a move froma. a tob.b. a toc.c. c to b.d. c to d.21．When the government spends more, the initial effect is thata. aggregate demand shifts right.b. aggregate demand shifts left.c. aggregate supply shifts right.d. aggregate supply shifts left.22．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a sharp increase in the minimum wage, a major new discovery of oil, a large influx of immigrants, and new environmental regulations that reduce electricity production. In the short run, we would expecta. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall.b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise.c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.23．Suppose the economy is in long-run equilibrium. In a short span of time, there is a large influx of skilled immigrants, a major new discovery of oil, and a major new technological advance in electricity production. In the short run, we would expecta. the price level to rise and real GDP to fall.b. the price level to fall and real GDP to rise.c. the price level and real GDP both to stay the same.d. All of the above are possible.24．According to liquidity preference theory, the money supply curve isa. upward sloping.b. downward sloping.c. vertical.d. horizontal.25．When the Fed buys government bonds, the reserves of the banking systema. increase, so the money supply increases.b. increase, so the money supply decreases.c. decrease, so the money supply increases.d. decrease, so the money supply decreases.26．According to the theory of liquidity preference, an increase in the price level causes thea. interest rate and investment to rise.b. interest rate and investment to fall.c. interest rate to rise and investment to fall.d. interest rate to fall and investment to rise.27．If the stock market crashes,a. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.b. aggregate demand increases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing the money supply.c. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by increasing the money supply.d. aggregate demand decreases, which the Fed could offset by decreasing the money supply.精品文档28．If the MPC = 3/5, then the government purchases multiplier isa. 5/3.b. 5/2.c. 5.d. 15.29．If the government raises government expenditures, in the short run, pricesa. rise and unemployment falls.b. fall and unemployment rises.c. and unemployment rise.d. and unemployment fall.30．If the long-run Phillips curve shifts to the left, for any given rate of money growth and inflation the economy will havea. higher unemployment and lower output.b. higher unemployment and higher output.c. lower unemployment and lower output.d. lower unemployment and higher output.二、判断题(每小题 1 分，共 20 分)31．When an American doctor opens a practice in Bermuda, his production there is part of U.S. GDP.32．In countries where women are discriminated against, policies that increase their career and educational opportunities are likely to increase the birth rate.33．Michael Kramer found that world growth rates have increased as population has.34．Suppose a small closed economy has GDP of $5 billion, Consumption of $3 billion, and Government expenditures of $1 billion. Then domestic investment and national saving are both $1 billion.35．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, at any moment in time, the market price is the best guess of the company's value based on available information.36．According to the efficient markets hypothesis, stocks follow a random walk so that stocks that increase in price one year are more likely to increase than decrease in the next year.37．In the United States, blacks and whites have similar labor force participation rates, but blacks have a higher unemployment rate.38．According to the theory of efficiency wages, firms operate more efficiently if they can pay wages that are below the equilibrium level.39．In the months of November and December, people in the United States hold a larger part of their money in the form of currency because they intend to shop for the holidays. As a result, the money supply increases, cerise parousia.40．In the 1990s, U.S. prices rose at about the same rate as in the 1970s.41．According to the theory of purchasing-power parity, the real exchange rate defined as foreign goods per unit of U.S. goods will equal the domestic price level divided by the foreign price level.42．Net capital outflow represents the quantity of dollars supplied in the foreign-currency exchange market.43．If policymakers impose import restrictions on automobiles, the U.S. trade deficit would shrink.44．Most economists believe that classical theory explains the world in the short run, but not the long run.45．Because not all prices adjust instantly to changing conditions, an unexpected fall in the price level leaves some firms with higher-than-desired prices, and these higher-than-desired prices depress sales and induce firms to reduce the quantity of goods and services they produce.46．All explanations for the upward slope of the short-run aggregate supply curve suppose that output supplied increases when the price level increases more than expected.47．Both the multiplier and the investment accelerator tend to make the aggregate demand curve shift farther than the increase in government expenditures.48．During recessions, the government tends to run a budget deficit.49．If macroeconomic policy expands aggregate demand, unemployment will fall and inflation will rise in the short run.50．The analysis of Friedman and Phelps argues that any change in inflation that is expected has no impact on the unemployment rate.精品文档三、名词解释(每小题 2 分，共 10 分)51．diminishing returns:52．nominal exchange rate: 53．crowding-out effect: 54．stagflation:55．automatic stabilizers: 四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分)56．Why are property rights important for the growth of a nation's standard of living? 57．Suppose that you are a broker and people tell you the following about themselves. Whatsort of bond would you recommend to each? Defend your choices. a. "I am in a high federal income tax bracket and I don't want to take very much risk." b. "I want a high return and I am willing to take a lot of risk to get it."c. "I want a decent return and I have enough deductions that I don't value tax breakshighly."58．Draw a simple T-account for First National Bank of Me,which has $5,000 of deposits, a reserve ratio of 10 percent, and excess reserves of $300.59．What are the costs of inflation?60．Make a list of things that would shift the long-run aggregate supply curve to the right. 61．Illustrate the classical analysis of growth and inflation with aggregate demand andlong-run aggregate supply curves.62．Why do economists think that the wealth effect and exchange-rate effect are not very important factors inexplaining why aggregate demand slopes downward, at least in the United States?63．Describe the process in the money market by which the interest rate reaches its equilibrium value if it startsabove equilibrium.五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分)64. Assume the economy is in a recession. Explain how each of the following policies would affectconsumption and investment. In each case, indicate any direct effects, any effects resulting from changes in total output, any effects resulting from changes in interest rate, and the overall effect. If there are conflicting effects making the answer ambiguous, say so. a). a reduction in taxes; b) an expansion of the money supply. 65. In 1939, with the U.S. economy not yet fully recovered from the Great Depression, President Roosevelt proclaimed that Thanksgiving would fall a week earlier than usual so that the shopping period before Christmas would be longer. Explain this decision, using the model of aggregate demand and aggregate supply.《宏观经济学》答题纸一、选择题 (每小题 1 分，共 30 分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.精品文档11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.二、判断题(正确用“T”；错误用“F”；每小题 1分，共 20 分)31. 32. 33. 34. 35.36. 37. 38. 39. 40.41. 42. 43. 44. 45.46. 47. 48. 49.50.三、名词解释(每小题 2分，共 10 分)51．catch-up effect:52．depreciation: 53．capital flight:54．recession:55．automatic stabilizers:四、简答题( 8题中任选6题；每小题 5分，共 30 分；答题时请标明题号)精品文档五、讨论题(2题中任选1题；每小题 10 分，共 10 分；答题时请标明题号)精品文档《宏观经济学》试卷B参考答案1.a2.d3.c4.c5.a6.b7.b8.d9.d 10.b 11.a 12.c 13.d 14.d 15.d 16.d 17.c 18.b 19.b 20.c 21.a 22.d 23.b 24.c 25.a 26.c 27.c 28.b 29.a 30.d31.F 32.F 33.T 34.T 35.T 36.F 37.T 38.F 39.F 40.F 41.F 42.T 43.F 44.F 45.T 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.T 50.T51.the property whereby the benefit from an extra unit of an input declines as the quantity of the input increases.52.the rate at which a person can trade the currency of one country for the currency of another.53.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending.54.a period of falling output and rising prices.55.changes in fiscal policy that stimulate aggregate demand when the economy goes into a recession without policymakers having to take any deliberate action.56.Property rights are an important prerequisite for the price system to work in a market economy. If an individual or company is not confident that claims over property or over the income from property can be protected, or that contracts can be enforced, there will be little incentive for individuals to save, invest, or start new businesses. Likewise, there will be little incentive for foreigners to invest in the real or financial assets of the country. The distortion of incentives will reduce efficiency in resource allocation and will精品文档reduce saving and investment which in turn will reduce the standard of living.57. a. A municipal bond, because generally they have low credit risk and are notsubject to federal income tax.b. A junk bond. Because of their high risk, they have a high return.c. A corporate bond that isn't a junk bond. Because they have more risk thangovernment bonds and have no special tax treatment, they pay moderate ratesof return.58.First National Bank of MeAssets LiabilitiesReserves $800 Deposits $5,000Loans $4,20059.The costs of inflation include "shoeleather costs," the cost of reducing your money holdings to reduce your inflation tax; "menu costs," the costs of price adjustments; the costs of resource misallocation that result from the relative-price variability induced by inflation; the costs of inflation-induced tax distortions; the costs of confusion and inconvenience; and the costs associated with the arbitrary redistribution of wealth that accompany unexpected inflation.60.Examples in the text (or variations) include increased immigration, a decrease in the minimum wage, more generous unemployment insurance, an increase in the capital stock, an increase in the average level of education, a discovery of new mineral deposits, technology, and removal of barriers to international trade.61.See graph. Over time technological advances cause the long-run aggregate supply curve to shift right. Increases in the money supply cause the aggregate demand curve to shift right. Output growth puts downward pressure on the price level, but money supply growth contributes to rising prices.62.The wealth effect is not very important because it operates through changes in the real value of money, and money is only a small fraction of household wealth. So it is unlikely that changes in the price level will lead to large changes in consumption spending through this channel. The exchange-rate effect is not very important in the United States because trade with other countries represents a relatively small fraction of U.S. GDP.63. If the interest rate is above equilibrium, there is an excess supply of money. People with more money than they want to hold given the current interest rate deposit the money in banks and buy bonds. The increase in funds to lend out causes the interest rate to fall. As the interest rate falls, the quantity of money demanded increases, which tends to diminish the excess supply of money.64. a) 税收减少增加了储蓄的收益、减少了投资的成本，但税收减少对储蓄和投资的影响要视情况而定。