宾语从句语法讲解及专题训

者某些形容词的宾语。

由于宾语从句涉及到引导词、语序、时态等多方面的内容，所以宾语从句的用法一直是学习的重点难点。

本文对宾语从句的用法进行了详尽讲解并附有专项练习，现分述如下：一•宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。

谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。

有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。

二•宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：连词：that （that 常可省略）,whether, if代词：who, whose, what ,which畐H词：when ,where, how, why 等。

（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）1.可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest,hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report 等。

例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets ・2•引导宾语从句的that在下列情况下一般不省略：（1）・宾语从句前有插入语。

如：We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们呆在家里。

（2）. 有间接宾语时。

如：He told me that he was leaving for Japan. 他告诉我他要去日本。

宾语从句知识全解1. 宾语从句的理解常见的宾语有两种情况，一是名词或代词，二是介词+名词或代词（介宾）如：I miss you/my friend （其中you/my friend 就是代词/名词）He is looking at me/my face （其中at me/my face 介词+名词或代词） 结论:一般情况下，宾语都是一个词/介词+一个词 在观察以下句子 I don ’t know you （原来是一个词当宾语）I don ’t know if you are right （现在是一个句子）结论:将宾语变为一句话的句子就是宾语从句2. 宾语从句的判断思考：英语句子有很多！怎么判断哪些是宾语从句呢？技巧：常见的宾语从句情况有两种结论:记住两种情况一是动词+句子，二是介词+句子，两种即为宾语从句3. 宾语从句的引导词的理解思考：宾语从句为什么需要引导词？不用引导词不是更加简单？语言的作用是用简洁清晰表达想表达的，为什么要加引导词增加复杂程度？我们对比以下两个句子，找一下答案：I don ’t know he is a student.（先不考虑可以省略的情况）(对于一个句子只有一个动词的原则，这里出现了两个动词，一个句子不可能出现两个动词，而又没有连接词，容易让读者产生误会，认为这句话有语法错误。

)I don ’t know that he is a student.(整个句子虽然有两个动词，但是因为第二个句子开头有一个引导词“that ”（其作用相当于连接词）连接，符合一个句子一个动词原则即，句子+连接词+句子)结论：引导词有代替连接词的作用，可以帮助读者理解句子的结构动词+句子I don ’t know if you are right. 介词+句子 We are talking about if it will rain tomorrow. 宾语从句1.判断以下句子哪个是宾语从句（）A.Teacher told that the sun is bigger than the moon to us.B.I have hated him since I was five.C. The children go to school by car every day.D.I met the man who is my friend’s uncle yesterday at school.解析：根据一是动词+句子，二是介词+句子的两种情况，只有A选项符合以上的情况。

宾语从句专项讲解及练习（有答案）宾语从句一、基本概念定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

二、宾语从句分类动词的宾语从句e.g.He asked whose handwriting was the best.介词的宾语从句e.g.It depends on whether it is going to rain.形容词的宾语从句,即系词+心理状态形容词+宾语e.g I am afraid that he can't finish the work.三、宾语从句用法详解1.宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。

即主语+谓语的顺序。

如：I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we’ll hav e the meeting.注意：在宾语从句中带有特殊疑问词但句序不变的句子：What’s the matter?What’s your trouble?What’s your problem?What’s up?What’s your name?典型例题1.Can you tell me ____?A .whom do we have to see B. whom we have to see2. The teacher asked the students ____.A. what they were doingB. what were they doing3. She wants to know____.A. where does he liveB. Where he lives4. Her father asked _____.A. who the tallest isB. who is the tallest5.Do you know ____?A. what is on the desk B . what on the desk is答案：BABBA2.宾语从句的时态1）. 若主句时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。

初中宾语从句一、定义宾语从句是英语复合句中非常重要的从句之一，也是初中阶段要求重点掌握的从句。

宾语从句属于名词性从句，是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语。

宾语从句一般做介词或及物动词的宾语，如：We all expect that they will win.我们所有人都盼着他们能赢。

（动宾）We are talking about whether we should keep the money.我们正在讨论是否应该收下这笔钱。

（介宾）二、宾语从句的连接词宾语从句的引导词很多样，基本涵盖了从句中涉及的所有引导词，可分为从属连词，连1. 若主句是现在时的某种时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时），宾语从句不受限制，可以根据实际情况随意穿越，如：I remember he gave me a book yesterday.我记得他昨天给了我一本书。

He has told me that he will leave for Shanghai next week.他已经告诉我下周他就要动身去上海了。

2. 若主句是过去时的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么宾语从句一般要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时），如：I only knew he was studying in a western country.我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书。

My teacher told me that Mrs. Rosemary had been back to Australia already.我的老师告诉我，Rosemary夫人已经回澳大利亚了。

He told me that he would take part in the high jump.他告诉我他将会参加跳高。

3. 若从句是一个客观真理,那么从句用一般现在时，不根据主句的时态而变化，如：He told me that the earth goes around the sun.（真理）他告诉我地球围着太阳转。

初中宾语从句练习宾语从句的用法一、主句是一般现在时,从句可用任何时态根椐主句中的谓语动词，决定从句动作发生主句前后关系，所用时态。

I think that she will finish reading that book in two days 我想她两天后看完那本书.二、主句是过去式时，从句必须用过去时的形式1．一般过去式He told me that Jim returned his book to him last Sunday。

他告诉我吉姆上星期天把他的书还他了。

2．过去进行时She said she was writing to her friend at this time yesterday. 她说她昨天这时候正在给她的朋友写信。

3．过去将来时He asked when they would leave the next week。

他问他们下个星期什么时候出发。

4．过去完成时She said she had known him since two years ago。

她说她自从两年前就认识他.5．如从句是客观真理时,用一般现在时She told us the earth moves around the sun.她告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。

The teacher said Japan is the east of China. 老师讲日本位于中国的东部。

三、宾语从句三种形式1．陈述句，前用引导词that，但经常省略I hear （that) he will help you with your French。

我听说他将帮忙你的法语.Lily knew （that）Tom had gone to London by air。

莉莉知道汤姆坐飞机去伦敦了.2．从句是一般疑问时,前用if或whetherHe asked if she liked swimming. 他问她是否喜欢游泳。

He asked me whether Mike came to school by bike or on foot。

宾语从句详细解析及精选练习题宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要部分，它在实际语言运用中经常出现，是语言表达的重要组成部分。

宾语从句通常出现在主句中作为宾语，其结构为“连接词+从句”。

常见的连接词有that, if, whether, how, when, where, why等。

宾语从句由一个主语和谓语组成，它的语序与主语从句的语序相同。

下面我们将详细解析宾语从句，并提供相应的练习题目。

一、宾语从句的种类1. 引导宾语从句的连接词(1) 引导宾语从句的连接词that：常用于陈述句中，做动词、形容词、副词等的宾语从句。

例如：I know that you are a good student.（我知道你是一个好学生。

）He said that he would come tomorrow.（他说他明天要来。

）(2) 引导宾语从句的连接词if / whether：用于是否疑问句中。

例如：I don't know if / whether he will come to the party.（我不知道他是否会来参加派对。

）We asked if / whether we could go to the beach.（我们问能否去海滩。

）(3) 引导宾语从句的连接词how：用于问方式的疑问句中。

例如：I don't know how to do this.（我不知道怎么做。

）Can you tell me how to get to the station?（你能告诉我去车站怎么走吗？）(4) 引导宾语从句的连接词when / where / why：分别用于问时间、地点和原因的疑问句中。

例如：I don't remember when we met.（我不记得我们是什么时候见的面。

）Do you know where he lives?（你知道他住在哪里吗？）I don't know why he didn't come.（我不知道他为什么没来。

宾语从句一、宾语从句的语序问题（一）陈说句变宾语从句He was ill.Mike said that he was feeling ill.We must study hard.All of us know that we must study hard.（二）特别疑问句变宾语从句1. 指引宾语从句的疑问代词有：who, which, what, whose, whom疑问副词有： when, where, how, why公式法：特别疑问句+主语 +谓语动词 +其余Whose bike is this? Does anybody know?Does anybody know whose bike this is?2.宾语从句的时态与主句的时态保持一致。

如：When the train will arrive? He asked me.He asked me when the train would arrive.3.在语序上，要将疑问句语序改为陈说句语序。

如：Which one do you like best? She asked me.She asked me which one I liked best.注意 : 疑问句中主语以前的助动词假如do / does / did ,变成宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语时词再依据时态作相应的变化。

4.特别疑问句词在句中作主语，变成宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。

Who can answer the question? The teacher asked.The teacher asked who could answer the question.5.特别疑问句变成宾语从句后，用问号仍是用句号完整取决于主句的句式：如主句为陈说句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。

如：I don ’ t know when we shall start tomorrow.Do you know when we shall start tomorrow?(三 )一般疑问句Does she live here?He asked me whether he lived here or not.Will the movie star come?I don’ t know whether/if the movie star will come.Did he study English 20 years ago?My brother asked him whether he had studied English 20 years before.专项训练：语序I.选择填空Please tell me _______________.A. how soon the work can finishB. how soon the work he can finishC. how soon can he finish the workD. how soon he can finish the work2. Do you know __________?A. when the sports meeting will beginB. when will the sports meeting beginC. when the sports meeting beginsD. when will begin the sports meeting3.The clerk at the post office asked Jack _________.A. how he wanted to post the parcelB. how did he want to post the parcelC.how does he want to post the parcel D.how he wants to post the parcel4.Can you tell me ___________?A. why did they give up halfwayB. why they give up halfwayC. why they gave up half wayD. why do they give up halfway5.Mr. Johnson asked Mary _____ with her.A. what is the matterB. what was the matterC. what the matter isD.what the matter was6.Mr. Smith didn ’ t tell me ________. A.when will Miss Black comeB. when would Miss Black comeC. when Miss Black would comeD. when Miss Black will come7.Susan didn ’ t believe ________.A. What Joe has told herB. What has Joe told herC. What had Joe told herD. What Joe had told her8.Could you tell me _______?A. When did he leaveB. Who has broken the vaseC. How many times has he visited thereD. Where you have gone9.Could you please tell me ________?A. Where is the maglev stationB. Which is the way to the maglevstation C. How can I get to the maglevstation D. How far is the maglev station10.Could you tell me ________?A. Where would the 2016 Olympics holdB. Where will the 2016 Olympics holdC. Where the 2016 Olympics will be heldD. Where the 2016 Olympics would be heldKey: D A A C B C D B B C二．宾语从句的时态1. 主句是此刻的时态（一般此刻时，此刻进行时，此刻达成时），从句可依据实际状况而定（能够是任何时态）The headmaster hopes everything goes well. （一般此刻时）I ’ m sure that Tom is watching TV at home right now. 现(在进行时 )They have no idea at all where he has gone. ( 此刻达成时 )2. 主句是过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态要变成相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去达成时，过去未来时）She was sorry that she hadn’ t finished her work on（过time去完.成时）The famous detective told me when he would leave Shanghai. ( 过去未来时 )He wondered whether they were still living in Beijing. (过去进行时)He asked me whether I did my homework or not. ( 一般过去时 )3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真谛或许事及时，即便主句是过去时，从句也用一般此刻时态。

宾语从句一、考点解读所谓宾语从句，就是一个句子在句子中作宾语成分，主要复习以下的容：1．述句作宾语从句2．一般疑问句作宾语从句3．特殊疑问句作宾语从句二、专题梳理1．述句做宾语从句述句包括肯定句和否认句。

我们先复习述句作宾语从句时的三大方面的问题。

〔一〕连接词，述句作宾语从句时，用连接词that，通常that可以省略。

e.g.I think (that) English is difficult to learn. 我认为英语难学。

但在有些动词后连接词that不能省略，在初中阶段我们学过的动词有learn, sugget, e*plain, agree, wonder, feel, mean。

e.g.However, he went on to e*plain that he was not too sure about the grammar.然而，他继续解释说他对语法还没有把握。

〔二〕语序，宾语从句要用述句的语序，而述句就是述句的语序，所以不必作任何改动。

〔三〕时态。

在带有宾语从句的句子中，主句和从句的谓语动词在时态上是互有联系的，具体说来有三条。

〔1〕当主句的谓语动词用的是一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，从句的谓语动词通常不受主句的限制，即从句的时间是什么，从句的谓语动词就用什么形式。

e.g.She says (that) she likes English. 她说她喜欢英语。

She says (that) she liked English three years ago. 她说她三年以前喜欢英语。

She says (that) she will like English ne*t term. 她说下个学期她会喜欢英语的。

〔2〕当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时的时候，从句的谓语动词通常要和主句保持一致，要用过去了的*种时态。

我们来做一些练习。

She said. She likes English. →She said (that) she liked English.She said. She liked English three years ago.→She said (that) she liked English three years ago.She said. She will like English. →She said (that) she would like English ne*t term.She said. They are swimming. →She said (that) they were swimming.她说他们在游泳。

宾语从句考点归纳一、定义：在句子中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。

The girl told me that she would come here tomorrow. 那个女孩告诉我她明天要来这里。

二、宾语从句可分为：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句三种。

1. 动词的宾语从句，即从句作动词的宾语。

Do you know who will teach us English this semester? 你知道这学期谁将教我们英语吗？She asked whether she could go. 她问她是否可以去。

2. 介词的宾语从句，即从句在介词后面作宾语。

They are discussing who will climb the mountain with me. 他们正在讨论谁和我一起去爬山。

You may depend on it that they will always help you. 你要相信他们会一直帮助你的。

3. 形容词的宾语从句，即sure、certain、pleased、surprised等表示情感的形容词后的从句。

I am not sure whether he will come again. 我不敢肯定他是否会再来。

I am quite sorry that I made a lot of mistakes in the exam. 非常抱歉，我在考试中犯了很多错误。

三、宾语从句三要素：1. 连接词（1）that间接引语（从句本身）是陈述句，且连接词只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分，也不翻译出意思时，用that连接（在口语或非正式文体中常省去）。

She said (that) she wanted to join us. 她说她想加入我们。

（2）whether/if间接引语（从句本身）是一个一般疑问句，用whether/if“是否”连接，whether/if 表示“是否”之意。

宾语从句一、宾语从句的连接词：1、连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。

eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.2、连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。

eg. Tom don’t know if/whether his grandpa liked the present.He asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：①在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.②在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.③与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.3、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, how，它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。

eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in.I wonder where he got so much money.【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。

eg. I don’t know how I should do with the presents. →I don’t know how to do with the presents.2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.二、宾语从句的语序：宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。