用比较法来学习英语词汇中的形似义异词组

sick，sickly这两个词都是形容词，意思相近，但词义不同。

Sick 的意思是“患病的”ill in health（参阅sick 与ill 一节）；sickly则表示“经常患病的”或“有病征的”（frequently ill or characteristic of illness）的意思。

试对比 sick 和 sickly 在下列词语中的不同使用场合和涵义：Mr ．Li felt sick ．李先生病了。

He is sick with flu ．他患流感。

He has been sickly from birth．他生来多病。

He looks sickly．他面有病色。

a sick man是“一个有病的人”（暂时或长期有病都可以）a sickly man 是“一个多病的人”（表示经常患病之意）请注意 sickly 在下列片语中的不同涵义：a sickly smile 苦笑a sickly climate 容易使人生病的气候a sickly season 疾病流行的季节a sickly smell 一股令人作呕的气味a sickly moonlight 黯淡的月光a sickly sentiment 一种令人厌恶的感觉a sickly complexion 病容考试大a sickly town 患疫之城镇alive, live, living这些形容词均有“活着的，活的”之意。

alive ：其反义词为 dead，指生命从奄奄一息到精力旺盛的各种状态。

live ：通常作定语，指活生生的，生气勃勃的，还可表示现场直播的。

livin aloud, loud, loudly这些副词均含有“高声地、大声地”之意。

aloud ：强调出声，能让人听见，无比较级。

用于修饰cry, call, shout 等动词时，有高声之意。

loud ：指声音响亮，高声说话，一般放在所修饰的动词后面。

loudly 与 loud 含义相同，可放在动词之前或之后，用以说明声音的强度，含“喧闹”的意味。

第二讲形似英语重点词汇辨析下面这41组形似英语重点词汇辨析1. defy / verify / certify / rectify / justify / magnify / amplify / simplify / specify / modify / qualify / simplify / clarify / terrify/ classify / identify defy: 向…挑战/公然反抗/蔑视/激怒He defied his opponents to equal his record.Criminals defy the law.They defied him to jump off the bridge.The city defied the enemy for three years.defy/defiance/defiant/defiantly/in defiance of不顾/不服从verify: 证实/查实We must verify his figures.Later findings verified the scientist’s theory.When people verify sth. they test the truth or accuracy of it.verify/verification/verifier 证实者/证明人certify: 证明合格/授予执照I hereby certify that this is an original copy.He was certified by the doctor that he was insane.He cited many examples in order to certify his statement.This swimming certificate is to certify that I can swim one hundred metres.certify/certifiable/certificate执照/文凭/证书/certification证明/certified rectify: 纠正/改正I want to rectify my error before it is too late.to rectify abuses/mistakesThe accounting error was rectified before he handed in.Rectify/rectification纠正/改正/rectifier改正者/rectifiable可矫正的justify: 证明…有道理/为…辩护/提供法律依据He had a desperate desire to justify himself.His illness does not justify his long absence.You can hardly justify such conduct.justify/justifiable/justice/justifier/justification辩护magnify: 放大/夸大/赞美（指整体性的放大）The microscope magnified the object one hundred times.放大He is inclined to magnify the difficulties.He tries to magnify the part he played in the battle.magnify/magnifier夸大者，放大镜amplify: 扩大/加大/详细解释（指使里面的具体内容一一展出）与magnify对比The tunnel amplified the noise.to amplify the sound/He amplified on the subject.amplify/ amplifier/amplificationsimplify: 简化/简写Can you simplify your language a little?Try to simplify your explanation for the children.simplified readings/simplified processThe story has been simplified by the author.simple/simplify/simplicity/simplificationspecify:明确说出/专门提到He specified three types of mistakes which had occurred.Please specify the date of your absence.Did you specify any particular time for us to call?specify/specific/specifically/specification具体要求modify: 稍修改/使更温和/（语法中）修饰These plans must be modified if they are to be used successfully. He won’t modify his demands.You had better modify your tone.Adjectives modify nouns.modify/modification/qualify: 使合格/取得资格/限制/描述His training qualifies her as a teacher.They are qualified to judge.Two years of experience qualified him for a promotion.He qualified as a doctor two years ago.The play was at best a qualified success.If you qualify a work, you profess to understand it.Qualify/qualification/clarify: 使清楚/澄清/His explanation clarified the mystery.It clarified my thought a little.It offers a simple way of clarifying basic grammatical concepts.Clarify/clarification/terrify: 使害怕/使惊恐The thunderstorm terrified the children.She was terrified by his appearance.She was terrified of the fierce-looking dogs.terrify/to be terrified of(at)对…惊恐/to terrify sb. into doing sth.胁迫某人做某事/terrified/terrifyingclassify: 分类/归类Children in school are classified into grades, according to how much they know.He carefully began to classify the results of his examinations.classify/classification/classifiedidentify: 识别/辨认/说明身份The police identified the criminal at once.I cannot identify the signature.identify/identification/identical/identity2. mend / amend / recommend / commend / commandmend: 修补/修理/It is never too late to mend.to mend one’s fences弥补/ to mend one’s ways改过自新/on the mend正在痊愈amend:改正/改进/改过自新It is time you amended your ways.I would advise you to amend your manners.The new government amended the laws.recommend: 推荐/建议/Perhaps you can recommend me another hotel.Spain recommends it as a good place for a holiday.You can recommend some books to the students.to recommend a child to sb’s care.commend 赞扬/把…交托给…commend sth. to sb.’s care把某物交托给某人保管command掌控/命令/掌握/值得，博得3. cooperation / corporationcooperation/ co-operation: 合作The teacher thanked her students for being so co-operative.They discussed how to promote cooperation between the two countries. With the cooperation of all the employees, the work was done on time. corporation : 有限公司/社团/法人The corporation has branch offices in many cities.A corporation can sell and buy own property, manufacture goods, as if its members were a single person.4. commemorate / memorize / in honor of / in memory of commemorate:纪念The monument commemorates the local war heroes.The people built a new theatre to commemorate the birth of Shakespeare. memorize: 记住If you memorize a poem, you can say it without looking at a book.He could memorize nothing because he has a very bad memory.in honor of : 为了纪念A memorial meeting was held in his honor.The city dedicated a monument in honor of the general.to have the honor of 有幸…荣幸地…with honors 以优异成绩on one’s word of honor以人格担保honor/honorable可敬的/光荣的/honorary荣誉的/名誉上的in memory of : 纪念I have just finished a long poem in memory of Robert Gregory.Many special ceremonies are in memory of a man named James Ford.to commit sth. to memory熟记from memory凭记忆honor the memory of纪念5. agitate / clap / slap / fluctuateagitate:使激动/使不安The fiery speech agitated the crowd.She was much agitated by the news of her brother’s death.The wind agitated the trees.Agitation不安/煽动/agitator鼓动者clap:拍手鼓掌The audience clapped their hands at the end of the performance.We were awakened by a loud clap of thunder.Slap:拍击She slapped his face.to slap against the boat/水拍打船只a slap in the face打了一记耳光/a slap on the back祝贺/fluctuate:波动/起伏不定The price of the vegetables fluctuates according to the weather.All the year she has fluctuated between optimism and pessimism.6. compensate / supplementcompensate: 补偿The government compensated the families of the men were killed in the accident.compensate /compensation/compensate forDid you get any compensation from the company when you were dismissed from your job?The football player’s speed compensated for his small size. supplement: 补充The night courses are a supplement to his regular course work.At the end of the dictionary there is a supplement of verb tables. supplementary:A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.7. capacity / capability / ability / faculty/facilitycapacity: 容量↓The seating cap a city of the theatre is 500.It is an oil refinery with a capacity of a million tons of petroleum a year. He has a great capacity for work.capability: 能力↑对比I think that my secretary has great capabilities.She has capabilities as singer.ability: 能力His organizing ability is great.He was a man of great ability.I tried to do my work to the best of my ability.faculty:教职工/综合大学中的一个学院/才能，本领He was on the faculty there for over forty years.the faculty of law/the faculty of science/the faculty of medicine/the faculty of theology学院facility: 设施/设备/条件We will provide him with every facility.One of he facilities of our students is a large library.athletic facility/ recreational facility/ public health facilities/production facility/research facility/traffic facility/lodge and eating facility/medical facility/communication facility 设施8. deliberate / desperate / delicate 都是形容词deliberate:故意的/不慌不忙的/深思熟虑的↓A statesman should be deliberate in his speech.That was a deliberate act of cruelty.desperate:危急的/绝望的He felt desperate. He was ready to any price.The country is in a desperate state and we must all work hard.A desperate criminal/亡命之徒delicate: 微妙的/精美的/易损的↑对比as delicate as silk/the delicate skin of a young girl/in a delicate manner/ This is a very delicate camera.Take care with this delicate glass.The situation between the two countries is now very delicate.9. conscious / conscientiousconscious:知道/意识到的/有知觉的/有觉悟的He was very conscious of his shortcomings.Is the patient conscious yet?They are highly conscious politically.conscientious: 认真的/负责的/细心的She was a very industrious and conscientious girl.A conscientious worker10. exceedingly / excessivelyexceedingly: 非常地/极其地We found out that he was exceedingly fond of fishing.Chinese is a exceedingly difficult language.excessively: 过分的/过大的His daily expense is excessively too much, which could lead to bankruptcy.11. reliance / trust / belief / confidencereliance: 依靠/信赖A child has much reliance on his mother.I place complete reliance on Tom.trust: 信任/相信He could not abuse her trust.They put no trust in him.a position of trust/ 负责位置in sb’s trust/托付某人照管trust company信托公司belief: 信赖/信仰I have not much belief in his honesty.He died for his belief.Could you defend your political beliefs?beyond belief难以置信/in the belief相信/ to one’s belief据…看来/ confidence: 信心/自信You know that I have perfect confidence in you.He regained his confidence.in confidence说心里话/with confidence满怀信心地/12. vigorous / rigorousvigorous: 有力的/精力充沛的He made a vigorous speech in defense of the government.He was tall and vigorous.rigorous:坚苦的,严厉的The raining involved rigorous exercises.the rigorous hardship of the journey/rigorous punishment13. sensitive / sensiblesensitive: 敏感的/Don’t be too sensitive.He is very sensitive about his ugly appearance.A sensitive person is one who is easily hurt or offended by things that people do or say.sensible: 明智/理智的She has such sensible views on life.She felt that this was the sensible way to get out of the trouble.14. flash/ crash / crush / clash / smashflash: 闪光The swords flashed in the sun.The mirror flashed in the sunlight.flash back到叙crash: 倒塌The plane crashed, its bombs exploding as it hit the ground.His business crashed last year.crush: 压碎Don’t crush this box; there were flowers insides.Hundreds of people crushed into the room.clash : 冲突The two lawyers clashed in court.There was a crush between the two enemies.smash: 猛打/摧毁He smashed the glass into pieces.This unexpected news smashed all hope of victory.15. inspire / expireinspire: 鼓舞The officer inspired his men to be brave.What inspired him to give such a brilliant performance?expire: 到期When does your driving license expire?The magazine subscription expires next month.17. literal /literate/ liberal / literaryliteral: 逐字逐句的This is a literal translation is not always the closest to the original meaning.In its literal sense “anti” means “against”.literal translationliterate: 受过良好教育的Only one half of the native population was literate.liberal:开明的/自由的Try to keep a liberal attitude and listen to both sides.liberal translation/a literal mind/literary: 文学的He had literary tastes, and was well-read in science.London was the literary center for the English language.18. homogeneous / simultaneous / instantaneous / spontaneous /harmonioushomogeneous:simultaneous :同时的instantaneous :spontaneous :自觉的/自发的harmonious :和睦的,和谐的19. competitive / competentcompetitive: 竞争的/有竞争力的Important posts are sometimes filled with competitive examinations.The city asked for competitive bids on the housing project. competent: 胜任的/称职的/令人满意的Be sure to get competent electrician for the job.He is competent to do the work.He did a competent job.20. extinct / distinct / instinctextinct: 绝种/不在存在的The passenger pigeon is extinct.to become extinct/extinct species/extinct customsdistinct: 清楚的/清晰的/不同的Your pronunciation should be very distinct.The picture showed a very distinct image.Gold is distinct from iron.instinct: 本能/充满的An instinct leads a bird to fly.Most animals have an instinct to protect their young.by instincta situation instinct with great possibilities21. deduce / seduce / inducededuce:演绎/推断What do you deduce from these facts?From the position of his body the police deduced that the man had killed himself.seduce: 勾引/诱使She was seduced by a man who never kept his promise to marry her.She was seduced by the attraction of the big city.To seduce a man from his duty/to seduce sb.into doing sth.induce: 劝使/促使/引起/产生His wife induced him to give up smoking.We tried hard to induce him to go with us.This medicine will induce sleep.His illness was induced by overwork.22. perspective / prospective / respectiveperspective: 全景/全貌/综合印象From the top of the hill you can get a perspective of the entire park.We must keep these minor facts in perspective and not waste too much time on them.prospective: 未来的/可能的a prospective buyer/a prospective brideYour prospective employer is the person who will, later on, be your employer.respective: 各自的After class all the students went back to their respective bedroom.My husband and I are each going t visit our respective mothers.hold in great respect/respect/respectable/respectably/respectful/respectfully/respectively/ respective/23. surplus / extra / supplementarysurplus:多余的/剩余的They sold the surplus food.You should get rid of some of your surplus fat by taking more exercises. extra:额外的/另加的/You have had a good deal of extra work lately.I don’t think they need any extra help.supplementary: 补充的The statement I am going to make is supplementary to my previous one.A supplementary volume has been published containing the index.24. respective 各自的/ respectable 令人尊敬的/ respectful 对…尊敬/be respectful to sb. 对…尊敬/ in respect of/就…来说in respect to关于/pay one’s respects to对某人表示敬意/with respect to至于/关于/respecting关于25. strain / stain / restrain / constrain / refrainstrain: 使紧张/使变形/扭伤The weight strained the rope.He strained every nerve to win.Don’t strain your eyes by reading such small print.under a strain处于紧张劳累过度状态/strain after竭力追求/stain: 污迹/留下印迹He has ink stains on his shirt.Spilled coffee had stained the carpet.restrain: 限制/克制He tried to restrain his sobs.He was so angry that he could hardly restrain himself.I can’t restrain them from going their own way.constrain: 强迫/强制/约束Cold weather constrained the growth of the plants.I feel constrained to write and ask for your forgiveness.refrain: 控制自己使不做某事/避免You must refrain from spitting in the street.He could hardly retrain from enthusiastic comment.26. evoke / provoke / irritate / invoke / poke evoke:引起/唤起The film evoked the good memory of his boyhood. His comment evoked strong protests.provoke: 招惹/惹怒If you provoke him, he will beat you.By provoking people you make them cross. irritate: 使烦/使不高兴The children irritated him.Spoilt children often irritate me.irritate/irrigate/irritable/irritabilityinvoke: 请求/引起to invoke sb’s help/to invoke the judge’s mercy/to invoke new problempoke: 捅/拨动You nearly poked me in the eye with your pencil. His large key had poked a hole in the pocket.She poked her head round the corner.27. cease / resume fire / ignitecease: 停止/At half past one the downpour ceased.They ceased to trouble themselves about him.He was going to cease worrying about his business. cease-fireresume: 继续I resumed my work.Her face quickly resumed its anxious expression. He resumed his former position with the company. resume fire: 继续开火ignite: 引爆/引燃/使燃烧His speech ignited the crowd greatly.28. hostility / futility / hospitality / absurdity / commodityhostility: 敌视/冲突The stranger showed his hostility towards me by refusing to help me.The hostility of the citizens to the dictator was the main reason for the riot. Hostilities have broken out between the two countries.futility:无用/无益的事To try to escape from the prison is a futility.Telling lies after you have made the mistake is a futility.hospitality: 好客The natives are noted for their hospitality.hospitable/hospitality/absurdity: 荒唐可笑His story of being kidnapped by little green men was sheer absurdity.The absurdities of the playful little monkey amused us.commodity: 商品/a commodities fairWheat is a valuable commodity.Good looks are a more profitable commodity in Hollywood than talent and hard work.29. superiority / inferiority / prioritysuperiority: 优越性/优越地位All this completely shatters the myth of white superiority.No one doubts the superiority of modern ways of traveling over those of old times.inferiority: 低劣/卑劣They talked a great deal about the inferiority of Negroes and had learned nothing whatever about them.priority: 优先This project has priority over all others.You must give this matter priority.Road building is a first priority.30. commerce / commencecommerce:: 商业/贸易Overseas commerce increased by 12% in the last month.Our country has grown rich because of its commerce with other nations. commence: 开始Outside the town the road commenced to mount.He commenced studying the law.She commenced to cry.We will commence with this work.31. stationery / stationarystationery: 文具纸张The things he sells are called stationery.As a journalist you must spend a great deal of money on stationery. stationary: 静止的/不变的The bus remained stationary.Business has been slow but our profits have remained stationary.32. compliment / complementcompliment: 恭维/赞扬Compliments turned her head.I take it as a compliment to be asked to speak at the meeting.Her guests complimented her on her cooking.compliment/complimentary/complement: 补充物/补充Wine is a complement to a good dinner.Travel can be an excellent complement to one’s education.33. apprehension / comprehensionapprehension: 理解/忧虑She is a girl of weak apprehension.according to popular apprehension根据大家的理解/to be quick of apprehension理解快/in my apprehension以我看apprehend/apprehension/apprehensive/apprehensible comprehension: 理解力The problem is beyond my comprehension.I will demonstrate two kinds of reading comprehension items. comprehend/comprehensive/comprehensible/ comprehension34. access / assess / inaccessible toaccess: 进入The access to the town was across a narrow bridge.The only access to the farm is a dirty road.Students have access to the library during the vacation.accessibleassess: 估计They sent someone to assess the damage of house.It’s difficult to assess the importance of the decision.assessmentinaccessible to: 难懂/不能达到/不能靠近This novel seems to me among the most inaccessible.The book is inaccessible to most English readers.35. spark / trigger / give rise tospark: 放火花/引爆/激发What made the electric wire spark?The trouble was sparked off by a car accident.This dispute sparked a heat discussion.A cigarette spark can start a forest fire.trigger: 扳机/引发To fire a gun you press the trigger with your finger.His action has triggered off a crisis.give rise to: 引起/使发生The depression gave rise to widespread unemployment.This plan has given rise to many problems.on the rise在增长/rise to one’s feet站起/to rise far in the world掘起36. negligible / negligentnegligible: 极小的/微不足道的The damage to my car is negligible.The interest on my small savings is negligible.negligent: 不注意/忽视He was negligent in his work.He has been negligent in not locking the doors as he was told to do.37. tackle/ address/cope with/deal withtackle :设法解决/He tackled the job as quickly as possible.To tackle a problem is to set about it vigorously.address: 地址/讲话/称呼/着手致力于Please address this letter for me?He is going to address the meeting in a minute.How should one address a senator?It is time we addressed ourselves to the business in hand.cope with: 应付/处理This is more than I am able to cope with.He had a lot of work, but I think he could cope.deal with: 对付/论述/处理I shrink from having to deal with strange people.I’m used to dealing with this sort of matters.This article deals with the figures of speech in English language.38. stability / capabilitystability: 稳定/牢固/可靠The young nation has not yet attained political stability.He has great stability of character.Stable/stability/stabilizecapability: 能力I think that his new secretary has great capability.The country has the capability to defeat any invaders.39. coincide / collide / crashcoincide: 意见,爱好,时间等一致Our opinions did not coincide on this case.His tastes and habits coincide with those of his wife.My birthday coincides with my wedding anniversary. collide: 撞击/分歧The cars collided at the junction.If the aims of the two countries collide, there may be war. crash: 猛烈撞击/毁了The plane crashed into the mountains.The bus crashed into a tree.His business crashed last year.40. prescribe / describe / inscribe / subscribe / script / manuscript prescribe: 开药方/规定The doctor prescribed me a new medicine for the pain in my joints. The doctor prescribed me a lot of rests.What punishment does the law prescribe for this crime? describe: 描述/Can you describe your school life?Try to describe what happened before the accident.inscribe: 雕刻He inscribed his name on the stone.They have inscribed their names in the book.subscribe: 认购//订阅/签名We subscribed for several magazines.We all subscribed to the football club.They subscribed their names to the protest about the lower wages. script: 稿本/正本I received a letter from him in his neat script.manuscript: 手稿/打字稿Some ancient manuscripts were found in the old city.I must return the manuscript to the author.41. ascend / transcend / descendascend: 上升/攀登The story could ascend to the former century.The princess ascended to the throne.transcend: 超出/超越/克服The origin of the universe transcends human understanding.This accomplishment transcended all our previous efforts.We shall transcended all obstacles.descend: 下来/沿袭The elevator descended slowly to the ground floor.The sun descended behind the hill.Are men descended from apes?概述：CET6中词汇有30道，共15分。

小学英语单词趣味记忆法一、比较法记单词比较是人类认识客观事物的一种思维方法，过比较我们能更好地了解词与词之间的差异及共性，从而能较好地掌握单词。

1.反义词比较abent(缺席的)-preent(在场的)broad(宽)-narrow(狭窄的)weet(甜)-bitter(苦)failure(失败)-ucce(成功)uperior(高级的)-inferior(低级的)fertile(肥沃的)-barren(贫瘠的)2.同义词比较invent-createempty-vacantallow-permittupid-foolih-illybeautiful-pretty-good-looking3.同形异义词比较well(好)-well(井)yard(院子)-yard(码)ear(耳朵)-ear(穗)dear(亲爱的)-dear(昂贵的)4.形似词比较tene(紧张的)-tere(简洁的)violate(侵犯)-iolate(孤立)noie(噪音)-poie(使平衡)leon(功课)-leen(减少)precribe(开处方)-procribe(禁止)guilt(有罪的)-guild(协会)二、单词记忆分类法1.按单词的意义分类例如交通工具及与交通相关的单词bike,bu,jeep,truck,ta某i,train,plane,hip,motor-cycle,portcar,pilot,driver,vehicle,engine,gaoline,trafficjam,ruh hour等。

2.按字母组合分类例如以ace字母组合形式的常用词face,urface,lace,palace,place,necklace,fireplace,replace,pace,pa ce,outpace,race,brace,grace,digrace,trace等。

三、意形联想法采用趣味联想法记忆单词，不仅让你思路敏捷，更会让你在轻松气氛里牢记单词。

同形异义词英语同形异义词是指不同意思却拼写相同或非常相似的词语。

这些词汇常常让人产生混淆和困惑，因此在学习英语的过程中，掌握同形异义词是非常重要的。

下面是一些常见的同形异义词及其相关参考内容：1. Lead (领导) - Lead (铅)- The CEO leads the company with strategic vision. (首席执行官以战略眼光领导公司。

)- Be cautious when handling lead as it is toxic. (处理铅时要小心，因为它有毒。

)2. Tear (撕开) - Tear (眼泪)- She started to tear the wrapping paper off the gift. (她开始撕开礼物上的包装纸。

)- The sad movie brought tears to her eyes. (那部悲伤的电影让她流泪。

)3. Bear (熊) - Bear (忍受)- We saw a bear at the zoo yesterday. (昨天我们在动物园看到了一只熊。

)- The pain was too much to bear. (痛苦无法忍受。

)4. Bass (低音) - Bass (鲈鱼)- The bass guitar provides the low tones in the band. (贝斯吉他在乐队中负责低音。

)- He caught a large bass while fishing in the lake. (他在湖里钓到了一条大鲈鱼。

)5. Desert (沙漠) - Desert (遗弃)- The Sahara is the largest desert in the world. (撒哈拉是世界上最大的沙漠。

)- She felt deserted by her friends when they didn't invite her to the party. (她觉得朋友们遗弃了她，因为他们没有邀请她去派对。

附录五英语同形异义词举例一. 完全同形异义词1. air n .空气18. ear n .耳朵air n .曲调ear n .穗2. angle n .角19. even adv .甚至angle v .钓鱼even a .平坦的3. ball n .球20. fair a .美丽的ball n .舞会fair n .定期集市4. bank n .岸21. fan n .扇子bank n .银行fan n .狂热爱好者bank n .一排22. fast a .紧的5. base n .卑贱的fast n .斋戒base n .基础23. grate n .炉格6. bay n .海湾grate v .摩擦bay n .吠声24. hail v .向……欢呼bay n .月桂树hail n .雹子bay n .壁洞25. hawk n .鹰bay n .栗色马hawk v .叫卖7. bear v .负担26. hip n .臀部bear n .熊hip n .蔷薇8. bow v .鞠躬hip n .熟悉内情的bow n .船头hip n .病态的忧郁9. calf n .小牛hip n .集体的喝彩calf n .小腿27. jack n .普通人10. cock n .公鸡jack n .无袖皮军衣cock n .干草堆jack n .一种似面包的树11. count v .点,数28. last a .最后的count n .伯爵last v .持续12. crab n .蟹last n .鞋楦头crab n .酸苹果29. lay v .放,搁13. date n .日期lay n .短叙事诗date n .枣lay a .凡俗的14. desert n .沙漠lay lie的过去式desert n .功过30. light n .光线15. diet n .饮食light a .轻的diet n .议会light v .停落16. down adv .向下31. mark n .痕迹down n .开阔的高地mark n .马克down n .绒毛32. mean v .意指17. duck n .鸭mean a .卑鄙的duck v .闪避mean a .中间1duck n .帆布33. mole n .痣34. nap n .瞌睡nap n .绒毛ring v . 鸣,响nap n .一种牌戏43. save v .救35. own a .自己的save prep . 除……以外. own v .拥有44. scale n .鱼鳞36. peer v .凝视scale n .天平peer n .同等的人scale n .标度37. pen n .钢笔scale v .攀登pen n .圈,棚45. sound a .健康的pen n .雌天鹅sound n .声音38. pile n .堆sound v .测……的深度pile n .桩sound n .海峡pile n .绒面46. stable a .稳定的pile n .痔疮stable n .马厩39. port n .港47. tense n .时态port n .舷窗tense a .拉紧port n .左舷48. till prep .直到……为止port n .举止till v .耕种port n .葡萄酒till n .抽屉40. rear n .后部49. well n .井rear v .扶养well adv .好41. reel n .卷轴well a .健康的reel v .旋转well int .好啦!reel n .苏格兰双人舞50. yard n .院子42. ring n . 环状物yard n .码二. 同音异义词1. ah int .啊7. be v .是are v .是cord n .2. air n .空气bee n .蜜蜂ere perp .在……以前8. berry n .浆果heir n .后嗣bury v . 埋葬3. alter n .改变9. bough n .树枝alter n .祭坛bow n .弓4. ant n .蚂蚁10. brake n .制动器aunt n .姑母brake v .打破aren’t are not的缩略式11. buy v .买5. bare a .赤裸的by prep .在……旁边bear v .负担12. cell n .小房间6. baron n .男爵sell v .卖barren a .贫瘠的13. cent n .分sent send的过去式night n .晚上scent n .气味33. knot n .结14. chord n .弦34. know v .知道cord n .细绳no a .不15. coarse a .粗糙的35. lessen v减少. course n .过程lesson n .功课16. dear a.亲爱的36. loan n .贷款deer n .鹿lone a .孤独的17. dew n .露水37. mail n .邮件due a.适当的male a .男的18. die v .死38. meat n .肉dye n .颜料meet v .遇见19. eye n .眼睛meet v .给予I pron .我39. peace n .和平20. father n .父亲piece n .一块farther a .较远的40. rain v .下雨21. fair a .公平的reign n .统治fare n .车费rein n .缰绳22. our n .面粉41. right a.右边的flower n .花write v .写23. for prep .为了……wright n .制造者(用于复合词) four num .四42. sail n .帆24. forth adv .向前sale n .出售fourth num .第四43. sause n .调味汁25. hall n .大厅source n .水源haul v .拖曳44. sew v .缝制26. heal v .治愈so adv .这样的heel n .脚后跟sow v .播种27. him pron .他45. some prep .一些hymn n .圣歌sum n .总数28. hole n .洞46. to prep .向……whole adv .完整的too adv .也29. holy a .神圣的two num .二wholly adv .完全的47. vain a .徒劳的30. hour n .小时vein n . 静脉our pron .我们的48. wait v . 等待31. in prep .在……里面weight n .重量inn n .小旅馆49. weak a.弱的32. kinght n .爵士week n .星期三. 同形异音词1. bow [b?u] n . 弓21. lead [li:d] v .领导bow [bau ] v . 鞠躬lead [led] n .铅2. close [ kl?us] a . 近的22. leading ['li:di?]a领导的.close [kl?uz ] v .关闭leading ['le di?]n.制的覆盖物3. entrance [ entr?ns] ] n .进入23. live [liv] v .活着entrance [ in trɑ:ns ] v .使出神live [lɑiv] a .活的4. exploit [ ekspl?it ] n .功绩24. local ['l?uk?l] a .地方的exploit [iks pl?it] v .开拓local [l?u'kɑ:l] n.事情发生的场所5. fade [ feid ] v .凋谢25. Male [ mɑ:lei] n.马累(马尔代夫的首都) fade [ fɑ:d ] a .乏味的male [meil] a .男的6. forbear [f?: b??] v .克制26. mare [m??] n.母马forbear [ f?:b??] n .祖先mare ['m??ri] n.月亮表面的海7. frow [frau ] n .妇女27. mate [meit] n.伙伴frow [fr?u] n .劈板斧mate [ m?tei] n.乌拉圭茶8. genial [ d?i:nj?l ] a .亲切的28. mow [mou] n.禾堆genial [d?i nai?l] a .颏的mow [mau] n.怪脸9. gill [ɡil ] n .鳃29. partisan [pɑ:ti'z?n] n.游击队员gill [d?il ] n. 及耳(液量单位) partisan ['pɑ:tizn] n.戟10. glower [ ɡl?u?] n .灯丝30. pension ['pen??n] n. 抚恤金glower [ ɡlau?] v .怒视pension n. 膳宿学校11. hallow [ h?l?u]] n .圣徒31. periodic a .周期的hallow [h? l?u] int .喂periodic a .高碘的12. haver [ heiv?]] v .胡说八道32. perpend v .考虑haver [ h?v?] n .野生燕麦perpend n.穿墙石haver [ hɑ: v?] n .伙伴33. piquet n.皮克牌13. hem [hem] n .衣服的折边piquet n.警戒哨hem [mm,hm] int .哼! 34. placer n.放置者14. hinder [ hind?] v .阻止placer n.砂矿hinder [ haid?] a .后面的35. provost n.院长的15. hist [hist] int .嘘provost n.宪兵司令hist [haist] v .升起36. put v .放16. instinct [ insti?kt] n .本能put v . 击高尔夫球instinct [ins ti?kt] a .充满的37. putter n . 置放者17. interact [ int?r?kt] n .幕间休息putter n .的轻击棒interact [ int?r ?kt] v .互相作用38. read v .读18. intern [in't?:n] v .拘留read a .有学问的intern ['int?:n] v .做实习医生39. recitative 背诵的19. invalid ['inv?li:d] a .有病的tecitative n .宣叙调invalid [in'v?lid] a .无效的40. recon n .侦察20. job [d??ub] n .约伯《圣经》中的人物recon n .重组子,交换子job [d??b] n .工作41. redress v .纠正redress v .重新给……穿衣shower n .阵雨42. relay n .接替人员52. singer n .歌唱家relay v .重新放singer n .烫毛工43. remise v .再刺53. slough n .泥沼remise v .放弃slough n .蛇蜕的皮44. repent v .悔悟54. sloughy a .泥泞的repent a .爬行的sloughy a .蜕皮的45. represent v .代表55. sow v .播种represent v .再赠送sow n .母猪46. reset v .重放56. stingy a .吝啬的reset v .窝藏stingy a .有刺的47. row n .一排,一行57. stipulate v .规定row n .吵嚷stipulate a .有托叶的48. sal n .柳安,婆罗双树58.supine a .仰卧的sal n .盐supine n .动名词49. salve n .油膏剂59. tat n .轻击salve v .救助tat n .粗麻布50. seer n .观看者60. wind n .风seer n .印度重量单位wind v .缠绕51. shower n .出示者6。

4月16日1、【词语辨析】care about/ care for（1）care about和care for都有“关心、照料”的意思；（2）二者的区别是care about还指“介意、在乎”，care for指“喜欢、想要”。

（3）一句话记忆：The man whom you care for never cares about what people say.2、【词语辨析】 excited / exciting（1）exciting既可修饰人也可修饰物。

修饰人时，指人“有鼓动力的”；修饰物时，指事物“令人兴奋的，令人激动的”。

（2）excited一般只可修饰人，指人“激动的，兴奋的”。

（3）一句话记忆：We were excited to hear the exciting news.3、【词语辨析】compare to / compare with（1） compare...with...把…和…比较(常表示同类相比，比较)；（2）compare...to...把…比作…(常表示异类相比，比喻)。

（3）例句：——The poets often compare life to a river. ——My English can't compare with his.4、【词语辨析】 friendly with / friendly to（1）friendly to指“对……友好/友善”，后可跟人或物；（2）friendlywith后一般跟人，指“与某人友好相处”。

（3）一句话记忆：He is friendly to the plan and I am not, but we are still friendly with each other.5、【词语辨析】get in /get on（1）get in/get on都指“上(车)”但车不同：get in一般指上小汽车，出租车；get on 指上飞机，船，公共汽车，火车，自行车，马等。

相似词语辨异15 例1．good, fine, nice 三都都有“好”的意思，但用法不同。

good 常指质量、品质及问候等方面的“好”。

如：He is a good boy．他是个好孩子。

It this egg good?这蛋新鲜吗？fine 常指天气或人的气色方面的“好”，以及人对某种事情的美感。

如：They look fine．他们看上去气色很好。

Fine weather, isn’t it ?天气真好，不是吗？What a fine view!好美的景色啊！nice 常指取悦于人的感觉等方面的“好”。

常译为“好的”、“漂亮的”、“愉快的”等。

如：Lucy is a nice little girl．露茜是一位漂亮的小姑娘。

Nice to meet you．见到你很高兴。

2．take, get, carry 三个词都表示“带、拿”等意思，但用法有别。

take 指“带去，拿走”，含从说话者所在地把某人或某物带到其它地方之意。

如：Please take her bag to the classroom．请把她的书包带到教室去。

get 的意思是“去拿来，去取来”，指从说话者所在地到其它地方去取了东西或带了某人，又返回出发点。

如：Shall I get some chalk?我去拿些粉笔来，好吗？carry 表示“带”时，指随身携带，没有方向之分。

它也可指“运送，手提，肩挑”等方面。

如：She can’t carry the heavy box．她扛不动这个沉重的箱子。

3．in the tree, on the treein the tree 表示树本身之外的某物体“在树上”，如人、猴、鸟等。

如：A big bird is in the tree．一只大鸟在树上。

Don’t sit in the tree．别坐在树上。

on the tree 表示树本身的某部分“在树上”，如果实、叶子等。

如：There are some apples on the trees．树上有一些苹果。

比较法在英语教学中的运用(一)摘要:在英语教学中，对于学生难以掌握极易混淆的语言现象，教师运用比较法，加以分析和讲解，能帮助学生克服易混点、易错点，培养学生形成正确使用语言的习惯，准确掌握运用语言能力。

关键词：运用、英语教学、比较法英语教学中能运用比较法的地方很多，很难细说，现仅略举比较法在字母、语言、词汇、语法教学中运用实例，简要说明如下：一、字母教学：教师在教字母名称的读音时，可有意识地把形体相近的字母G—C、O—Q、E—F、P—R、M—N、e—c、i—j、m—n、g—q、v—r等成对地进行比较，讲述它们相互间在音形上的区别，再给以一些辨音辨形的练习。

经过比较和练习，帮助学生克服畏难情绪，掌握好字母。

二、语音为了要求学生把每一个音都发得准确清晰、教师可引导学生作多种形式的比较。

如：对单元音i:]—i]、u]—u:]等进行长短比较；对双元音ei]—ai]、u]—au]等进行口形变化的比较；对读音相近而易于混淆的某些因素，如e]—ei]、i]—e]等进行口形比较和音响的区别；对清浊成对的辅音音素进行声带振动与不振动的比较。

经验证明，通过比较教学能帮助学生弄清疑点，提高学生误别能力，教学效果显著。

三、词汇为帮助学生确切地掌握单词教师可把单词按性质、用途等归纳比较，使之条理化、系统化、易巩固记忆。

1、同义词。

英语中有些词在意义上相同或相近。

如表示“多”就有：alotof,agreat(large、good)numberof,agreat(good)many等。

它们各有特色，用法也不尽相迥，归纳起来记，就比较深刻。

2、反义词。

背单词时，背到正的想到反的，就会把一些单词记起来。

如ask问——answeer 答，begin开始——end结束。

3、近义词：cap（名词）帽子——cup（名词）杯子，brother（名词）兄弟——bother（动词）打扰。

4、同音异义词：如：dear（形容词）亲爱的——deer（名词）鹿，sell（动词）卖——cell（名词）细胞。