敦煌英文介绍PPT课件

亲爱的老师同学们：1，今天的主题是旅游，可能大家都去过很多风景秀丽的地方，可是下面我为大家介绍的这个地方的风景是非常壮丽。

首先请大家听一小段音乐，先想象一下这是哪里？这是哪里呢？你们会想到什么？是的，敦煌，2 那里有飞天、骆驼、莫高窟、沙漠。

可能我们中的大多数人都没有去过，我不敢说那里风景如画，但是肯定与江南水乡不一样。

我希望大家能有机会去看一看，祖国的大西北有这样一个神奇美丽的地方。

今天就由我这位东道主来带领大家领略敦煌的神奇美丽的风景与特色。

3 敦煌位于古代中国通往西域、中亚和欧洲的交通要道——丝绸之路上是我国古代丝绸之路上的著名重镇。

它就像一颗绿色的明珠，镶嵌在茫茫的沙海上。

国家历史文化名城敦煌莫高窟是一个著名的旅游城市。

它坐落在甘肃省，青海省，新疆等省的共同边界。

4 敦煌，不久前简称为”沙洲“（美丽的沙漠绿洲），中部和东部在古代的丝绸之路的枢纽。

城市地标是一个有吸引力的雕像，这个想法是来自莫高窟壁画，神社的文化和敦煌艺术的。

敦，大也，煌，盛也，取盛大辉煌之意，显现了古代敦煌在经济、文化、政治上的重要性，就像现在的上海。

5由于敦煌地处甘肃西部，位置偏远，因此一般旅行采用的交通工具最主要的有两种：火车，飞机，这是敦煌的火车站和飞机场，一般情况下人们都做火车去，因为火车是比较安全经济，而机票都很贵，很少有直达的飞机，从上海飞大约单程2000左右。

6 敦煌有一些著名的景点值得参观，如莫高窟，月牙泉;相呼应的沙山，雅丹地貌、西千佛洞，西湖自然保护区，阳关、玉门关、敦煌影视城等。

7----首先为大家介绍的是莫高窟，8下面是莫高窟的中文介绍。

9 莫高窟是全国重点文物保护单位，被命名为千佛洞，位于西部的甘肃走廊结束敦煌，是世界著名的精美的壁画和中投。

现有洞窟735，壁画45，000平方米，泥质彩塑2415，是在世界上现存规模最大，内容最丰富的佛教艺术的地方。

近代以来发现了的佛教以古代息tureshole，有50,000古代文物，增长了专门研究佛经洞古书籍和敦煌艺术的学科- 敦煌学。

Mogao Caves are the nation key cultural relic preservation organ, is named Thousand Buddhas Cave, is situated west the Gansu Corridor end Dunhuang, is world famous by the fine mural and the cast. Its beginning constructs at 16 countries' formMogao Caves are the nation key cultural relic preservation organ, isnamed Thousand Buddhas Cave, is situated west the Gansu Corridor end Dunhuang, is world famous by the fine mural and the cast. Its beginning constructs at 16 countries' former Qin times, has been through repeatedly 16 countries, the Northern Dynasty, Sui, Tang, fivegenerations, Tangut , the Y uan and so on all previous dynasties constructing, forms the huge scale, existing cavern 735, the mural45,000 square meter, argillaceous painted sculpture 2,415, are in theworld the extant scale is biggest, the content richest Buddhism art place. Since the modern times had discovered the Buddhist scripture shole, in had 50,000 ancient times cultural relics, and grew specially to study the Buddhist scriptures hole ancient book and Dunhuang artdiscipline - Dunhuang studies. But since Mogao Caves receive many people in the modern times for the damage, the cultural relic massively drain, its integrity was seriously destroyed. In 1961, Mogao Caves are announced by the People's Republic of China State Council one of for first batch of national key cultural relic preservation organs. In 1987, Mogao Cavesare listed as the world culture inheritance.Mogao Caves are located southeast the Chinese Gansu Province Dunhuang east 25 kilometer place Mt. Mingsha on the foothill cliff, first near dawdle Quan River, face east, north and south length 1680 meters, height 50 meters.Cavern distribution height scattered about, row after row, about most has five. Its beginning constructs at 16 country times, "the Li Obliging Repairs Mogao Caves Niche for a statue of Buddha Tablet" according to Tang the record.Former Qin establishes a reign title for two years （366 years）, the Buddhist priest happy goes via this mountain, sees the golden light sparkle suddenly, if presently ten thousand Buddha, therefore then opened cutting on the dike the first cavern.Hereafter the law good Zen master and so on continues in this to construct the hole to repair the imperial sacrifices, is called the desert high hole, Italy is the desert high place.Because later generation desert and not general, then renames as Mogao Caves.When Northern Wei Dynasty, Western Wei Dynasty and Northern Zhou Dynasty, the ruler respects and believes in Buddhism, the rock cave construction has the nobility support, the development is quick.The Sui and Tang dynasties time, along with Silk Road prosperity, Mogao Caves is prosperous, when Wu Zetian has cavern thousand.After the Anlushan Rebellion, Dunhuang successively and turns over to the troops fighting in a good cause by Turfan to seize, but the statuary activity too greatly has not been affected.The Northern Song Dynasty, the tangut and the Y uan Dynasty, Mogao Caves gradually hasten the decline, only repaired the previous dynasty hole room primarily, newly built extremely few.After Y uan Dynasty, along with Silk Road abandoning, Mogao Caves also stopped constructing and is neglected gradually in common people's field of vision.After clear Kanghsi 40 years （in 1701）, here only then again manner attention.The modern times, people usual name it “Thousand Buddhas Cave.The Mogao Caves extant Northern Wei Dynasty to Y uan cavern 735, divides into the north and south two areas.South the area is Mogao Caves' main body, is engaged in the religious activities for the clergy the place, some 487 caverns, have the mural or make an idol.North the area has 248 caverns, in which only then 5 existence murals or makes an idol,But after other all is the clergy leads a pious life the place which, the housing and the death buries, has life facilities and so on the adobe bed, stove kang, flue, niche, desk lamp.Two area total 492 cavern existence mural and makes an idol, has the mural 45,000 square meter, the argillaceous painted sculpture 2415, Tang Songmu constructs cliff eave 5, as well as several thousand lotus flower pillars, spread out on the floor the decorative brick and so on.。

敦煌英文介绍DunhuangThe national, historical city of Dunhuang is a renowned tourist city famous for the Mogao Caves. It is situated in the common boundary of Gansu Province, Qinghai Province and Xinjiang Province. Dunhuang, long ago referred to as 'Sha Zhou' (beautiful desert oasis), was the hub of middle and eastern silk routes in ancient times. The city landmark is an attractive statue, the idea of which comes from the mural in Mogao Caves, a shrine to the culture and arts of Dunhuang. From Mt.Qilian in the south, Mt. Mazong in the north and desert from east to west, the landform of Dunhuang City is a declining basin-plain from west to northeast, high in the north and south, and low in the middle. The western cities of China, especially those in the desert, are known for their sandstorms, so tourists should protect themselves with glasses, hats and gauze kerchiefs, etc.In ancient times, Dunhuang was the center of trade between China and its western neighbors. At that time, it was the most westerly frontier military garrison in China. With the flourishing of trade along the Silk Road, Dunhuang was prompted to become the most open area in international trade in Chinese history. It provided the only accesswestward for the Chinese Empire and eastward for western nationalities. Today, as a reminder of this historical area, we are left with the Mogao Caves, Yangguan Pass, Yumenguan Pass and many wonderful Chinese poems depicting the time. Although what remains of the two Passes are crumbling walls, one can still experience the atmosphere of that time while visiting in person.Today, Dunhuang is a typical tourist city, clean and beautiful. Because of its splendid stone caves, tourism has become an indispensable industry to Dunhuang City. Surrounding establishments include various classes of hotels and restaurants for your choosing. As well, tourism personnel are knowledgeable and well trained these days. For a western city in China, it has become more accesible for people to come and go as they please. Transportation is much more efficient, ensuring that your wonderful trip runs smoothly. May to September is the best time to visit, so be sure to plan your trip during these months. Including Dunhuang City in your tour is a decision you won't regret!Dunhuang City, an obvious pearl on the Silk Road, opens her arms to welcome tourists from all over the world.The first recorded history of Dunhuang, a vital station along the legendary Silk Road, was related by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty (206 B.C. – 220). However, modern archaeological findings trace the region's history as far back as the Xia Dynasty (21st – 16th century B.C.). During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties over the next 1,400 years, the area was inhabited by three nomadic tribes—the Qiang, Wusun and Yuezhi (Rouzhi). At the end of the Qin Dynasty (221 B.C. – 206 B.C.), the Yuezhi conquered the other two tribes and occupied the entire Hexi Corridor. This corridor (also called Gansu Corridor) was the primary segment of the ancient Silk Road. Later, the Hun (or Xiongnu) armies vanquished the Yuezhi and established dominance here during the early Han Dynasty. From the early seventh century B.C., Chinese kingdoms built walls along their northern frontiers to defend themselves against the warlike Huns. During the Han Dynasty, the most ambitious Great Wall project to date was begun with four systems of fortification spanning from Dunhuang in the west all the way to the Korean peninsula in the east.Dunhuang's importance as a military fortress led to its becoming a prefecture in 177 B.C. concurrently, construction of the Yumenguan Pass and Yangguan Pass to the west of Dunhuang opened a new trade route between the central plains (Hexi) and the states in Xi Yu (literally the western regions, referring to most parts of Xinjiang and part ofcentral Asia) namely the noted Silk Road. As more and more immigrants from the central plains settled here, Dunhuang gradually became a prosperous agricultural base as well as the key military installation on the Han's border frontier. For the next several centuries, Dunhuang served as one of China's most important military, political and economic centers.Commercial development in the Han Dynasty was soon accompanied by the growth of religion. The arrival of Confucianism initially and later Taoism and Buddhism would play an important role in Dunhuang's development. During this period, however, political turbulence prevailed as five different regimes rules the region. At this time Buddhism began to gain a strong foothold and its earliest grottoes were built in the nearby Magao Caves. In the ensuing years, the Silk Road flourished as the popularity of Buddhism increased. More Buddhist writings and music were brought to Dunhuang with the encouragement of the Sui (561 – 618) and Tang (618 – 907) Dynasties, more and more local people began to embrace Buddhism.The Tang continued its dominance of the region fending off military attacks including a defeat of the Tufan (the ancestors of Tibetans). Dunhuang and the Hexi Corridor would remain vital military fortresses. During this time, the art, ideas and cultures of other civilizations such as Greece, India, and central and western Asia were imported into Dunhuang.Eminent Buddhist monks continued to come here to carry forward their dharma. The Magao Caves, the greatest example of Buddhist cultural significance, continued to house religious statuary and frescoes in its grottoes.In the Southern Song Dynasty (1127 – 1279), warfare in the region became more frequent and commerce was gradually shifting from land to sea routes. This resulted in Dunhuang gradually losing its national stature as the economic gateway to the western regions. During the Ming Dynasty (1368 – 1644) nomadic Mongolian tribes occupied the region. After the Mongolian occupation, Islamic tribes conquered the region in 1516. This event marked the end of the centuries-long presence of Buddhism in Dunhuang. Much Buddhist art and religious relics destroyed although some reconstructed works were salvaged in the Qing Dynasty (1644 – 1911). While Dunhuang never regained its commercial and military status, it does remain a premier tourist destination largelybecause of the peerless Magao Caves.。

用英文介绍敦煌莫高窟The Mogao Caves, also known as the Dunhuang Caves, are a network of Buddhist cave temples located near the oasis town of Dunhuang in Gansu Province, China. The caves are renowned for their exquisite murals and sculptures, which date back to the 4th century AD. The site is one of the most important cultural heritage sites in China and has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.The Mogao Caves were first constructed in the 4th century AD and continued to be expanded and embellished over the following centuries. The caves were created as places of worship and meditation for Buddhist monks and pilgrims, and many of the murals and sculptures depict scenes from Buddhist scriptures and teachings. The caves also served as repositories for Buddhist scriptures and artifacts, with thousands of manuscripts and paintings found within the caves.One of the most remarkable features of the Mogao Cavesis the diversity of artistic styles and influences found in the murals and sculptures. The artwork in the cavesreflects a blend of Chinese, Indian, and Central Asian artistic traditions, showcasing the cultural exchange and religious syncretism that characterized the Silk Road region during this period. The caves also contain some of the earliest known examples of Chinese landscape painting, with detailed depictions of mountains, rivers, and forests.In addition to their artistic significance, the Mogao Caves are also important for their historical and archaeological value. The caves provide valuable insights into the religious beliefs, social practices, and artistic achievements of the various cultures that inhabited the region over the centuries. The discovery of the Dunhuang Manuscripts in the early 20th century further enhanced the site's importance, shedding light on the intellectual and cultural life of medieval China.Today, the Mogao Caves are a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from around the world who come to marvel at the beauty and historical significance ofthe site. The caves have been carefully preserved and restored, with ongoing efforts to protect the fragile murals and sculptures from damage due to environmental factors and tourism. The Mogao Caves continue to inspire awe and wonder, serving as a testament to the rich cultural heritage of China and the enduring legacy of Buddhism in the region.。