历年山西高考试题及答案
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绝密★启用前2024年山西省高考数学试卷(新高考Ⅱ)学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷(选择题)一、单选题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分。
在每小题给出的选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的。
1.已知z=−1−i,则|z|=( )A. 0B. 1C. √ 2D. 22.已知命题p:∀x∈R,|x+1|>1,命题q:∃x>0,x3=x,则( )A. p和q都是真命题B. ¬p和q都是真命题C. p和¬q都是真命题D. ¬p和¬q都是真命题3.已知向量a⃗,b⃗⃗满足:|a⃗|=1,|a⃗⃗+2b⃗⃗|=2,且(b⃗⃗−2a⃗⃗)⊥b⃗⃗,则|b⃗⃗|=( )A. 12B. √ 22C. √ 32D. 14.某农业研究部门在面积相等的100块稻田上种植一种新型水稻,得到各块稻田的亩产量(单位:kg)并部分整理下表:据表中数据,结论中正确的是( )A. 100块稻田亩产量中位数小于1050kgB. 100块稻田中的亩产量低于1100kg的稻田所占比例超过80%C. 100块稻田亩产量的极差介于200kg至300kg之间D. 100块稻田亩产量的平均值介于900kg至1000kg之间5.已知曲线C:x2+y2=16(y>0),从C上任意一点P向x轴作垂线PP′,P′为垂足,则线段PP′的中点M的轨迹方程为( )A. x 216+y24=1(y>0) B. x216+y28=1(y>0)C. y 216+x24=1(y>0) D. y216+x28=1(y>0)6.设函数f(x)=a(x+1)2−1,g(x)=cosx+2ax(a为常数),当x∈(−1,1)时,曲线y=f(x)与y=g(x)恰有一个交点,则a=( )A. −1B. 12C. 1D. 27.已知正三棱台ABC−A1B1C1的体积为523,AB=6,A1B1=2,则A1A与平面ABC所成角的正切值为( )A. 12B. 1C. 2D. 38.设函数f(x)=(x+a)ln(x+b),若f(x)≥0,则a2+b2的最小值为( )A. 18B. 14C. 12D. 1二、多选题:本题共3小题,共18分。
2023高考数学山西卷指数函数与对数函数历年真题及答案一、指数函数真题1. 2008年山西卷真题已知函数f(x) = 2^x,x为实数。
若f(a) = f(b),则a与b的关系为()。
A. a = bB. a > bC. a < bD. a与b无法比较解析:根据指数函数的性质,若f(a) = f(b),则2^a = 2^b。
两边同时取对数得a = b,因此选项A为正确答案。
2. 2012年山西卷真题已知函数f(x) = 2^x,g(x) = log2(x + 1)。
若f(g(x)) = x,则x的取值范围是()。
A. (-∞, -1)B. [-1, ∞)C. (0, ∞)D. (-1, ∞)解析:将f(g(x))代入得2^(log2(x + 1)) = x,化简得x + 1 = x,显然该方程在任何实数范围内均无解。
因此选项D为正确答案。
二、对数函数真题1. 2009年山西卷真题设a,b为正实数,且满足loga(b^2 + 2ab) = 3,则loga(b + a)的值为()。
A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5解析:根据对数函数的性质,loga(b^2 + 2ab) = loga((b + a)^2) = 3。
因此,b + a = a^3,化简得b = a^3 - a。
代入loga(b + a)中得loga(a^3) = 3。
根据对数的定义可以得到a^3 = a^3,显然成立。
因此选项B为正确答案。
2. 2015年山西卷真题已知函数f(x) = log2(x - 1),g(x) = log(x^2 - 2x)。
若f(g(x)) = 2a,则x的取值范围是()。
A. (1, ∞)B. (0, ∞)C. (2, ∞)D. (3, ∞)解析:将f(g(x))代入得log2(log(x^2 - 2x - 1)) = 2a,化简得log(x^2 - 2x - 1) = 2^(2a)。
根据对数函数的性质,x^2 - 2x - 1 = 2^(2a)。
高考理综山西试题及答案一、选择题(每题3分,共30分)1. 下列关于原子结构的描述,错误的是:A. 原子核由质子和中子组成B. 电子在原子核外以一定的轨道运动C. 原子核带正电,电子带负电D. 原子核的质量几乎等于整个原子的质量答案:B2. 光的传播速度在真空中是:A. 3×10^8 m/sB. 3×10^5 km/hC. 3×10^6 km/hD. 3×10^7 m/s答案:A3. 下列关于化学反应速率的描述,正确的是:A. 温度升高,反应速率一定增大B. 反应物浓度增大,反应速率一定增大C. 催化剂可以改变反应的平衡状态D. 反应速率与反应物的接触面积有关答案:D4. 下列关于遗传物质的描述,错误的是:A. DNA是主要的遗传物质B. 染色体由DNA和蛋白质组成C. 基因是DNA上的一段特定序列D. 基因突变一定会导致生物性状的改变答案:D5. 下列关于生态系统的描述,错误的是:A. 生态系统包括生物部分和非生物部分B. 生态系统中的物质和能量是循环的C. 生态系统具有自我调节能力D. 生态系统中的物种数量越多,生态系统越稳定答案:B6. 下列关于电磁波的描述,错误的是:A. 电磁波是由变化的电场和磁场交替产生的B. 电磁波在真空中的传播速度是光速C. 电磁波的频率越高,波长越长D. 电磁波可以传递信息答案:C7. 下列关于细胞分裂的描述,正确的是:A. 细胞分裂是细胞生长的过程B. 细胞分裂是细胞数量增加的过程C. 细胞分裂是细胞分化的过程D. 细胞分裂是细胞死亡的过程答案:B8. 下列关于牛顿运动定律的描述,正确的是:A. 牛顿第一定律描述了物体在不受力时的运动状态B. 牛顿第二定律描述了力和加速度的关系C. 牛顿第三定律描述了作用力和反作用力的关系D. 所有选项都是正确的答案:D9. 下列关于光合作用的描述,错误的是:A. 光合作用是植物通过叶绿素吸收光能的过程B. 光合作用的产物是氧气和葡萄糖C. 光合作用需要光和叶绿素D. 光合作用是植物的呼吸作用答案:D10. 下列关于热力学第二定律的描述,错误的是:A. 不可能从单一热源吸热使之完全转化为功而不产生其他影响B. 不可能使热量由低温物体传递到高温物体而不产生其他影响C. 热力学第二定律是热力学基本定律之一D. 热力学第二定律表明能量可以自发地从高温物体传递到低温物体答案:D二、填空题(每题3分,共30分)1. 原子核由________和________组成。
2023年山西省高考理科数学真题及参考答案一、选择题1.设5212ii iz +++=,则=z ()A .i 21-B .i21+C .i -2D .i+22.设集合R U =,集合{}1<=x x M ,{}21<<-=x x N ,则{}=≥2x x ()A .()N M C U ⋃B .MC N U ⋃C .()N M C U ⋂D .NC M U ⋃3.如图,网格纸上绘制的一个零件的三视图,网格小正方形的边长为1,则该零件的表面积为()A .24B .26C .28D .304.已知()1-=ax xe xe xf 是偶函数,则=a ()A .2-B .1-C .1D .25.设O 为平面坐标系的坐标原点,在区域(){}41,22≤+≤y x y x 内随机取一点,记该点为A ,则直线OA 的倾斜角不大于4π的概率为()A .81B .61C .41D .216.已知函数()()ϕω+=x x f sin 在区间⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛326ππ,单调递增,直线6π=x 和32π=x 为函数()x f y =的图象的两条对称轴,则=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-125πf ()A .23-B .21-C .21D .237.甲乙两位同学从6种课外读物中各自选读2种,则这两人选读的课外读物中恰有1种相同的选法共有()A .30种B .60种C .120种D .240种8.已知圆锥PO 的底面半径为3,O 为底面圆心,PB P A ,为圆锥的母线,︒=∠120AOB ,若P AB ∆的面积等于439,则该圆锥的体积为()A .πB .π6C .π3D .π639.已知ABC ∆为等腰直角三角形,AB 为斜边,ABD ∆为等边三角形,若二面角D AB C --为150°,则直线CD 与平面ABC 所成角的正切值为()A .51B .52C .53D .5210.已知等差数列{}n a 的公差为32π,集合{}*∈=N n a S n cos ,若{}b a S ,=,则=ab ()A .1-B .21-C .0D .2111.已知B A ,是双曲线1922=-y x 上两点,则可以作为B A ,中点的是()A .()1,1B .()2,1-C .()3,1D .()4,1-12.已知圆122=+y x O :,2=OP ,过点P 作直线1l 与圆O 相切于点A ,作直线2l 交圆O 于C B ,两点,BC 中点为D ,则PD P A ⋅的最大值为()A .221+B .2221+C .21+D .22+二、填空题13.已知点()51,A 在抛物线px y C 22=:上,则A 到C 的准线的距离为.14.若y x ,满足约束条件⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥+≤+-≤-739213y x y x y x ,则y x z -=2的最大值为.15.已知{}n a 为等比数列,63542a a a a a =,8109-=a a ,则=7a .16.已知()()xxa a x f ++=1,()1,0∈a ,若()x f 在()∞+,0为增函数,则实数a 的取值范围为.三、解答题(一)必做题17.某厂为比较甲乙两种工艺对橡胶产品伸缩率处理效应,进行10次配对试验,每次配对试验选用材质相同的两个橡胶产品,随机地选其中一个用甲工艺处理,另一个用乙工艺处理,测量处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率,甲、乙两种工艺处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率分别记为i i y x ,()10,2,1 =i ,试验结果如下试验序号i 12345678910伸缩率i x 545533551522575544541568596548伸缩率iy 536527543530560533522550576536记i i i y x z -=()10,2,1 =i ,记1021,z z z 的样本平均数为z ,样本方差为2s ,(1)求z ,2s ;(2)判断甲工艺处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率较乙工艺处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率是否有显著提高(如果1022s z ≥,则认为甲工艺处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率较乙工艺处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率有显著提高,否则不认为有显著提高).18.在ABC ∆中,︒=∠120BAC ,2=AB ,1=AC .(1)求ABC ∠sin ;(2)若D 为BC 上一点,且︒=∠90BAD ,求ADC ∆的面积.19.如图,在三棱锥ABC P -中,BC AB ⊥,2=AB ,22=BC ,6==PC PB ,BC AP BP ,,的中点分别为O E D ,,,DO AD 5=,点F 在AC 上,AO BF ⊥.(1)证明:EF ∥平面ADO ;(2)证明:平面ADO ⊥平面BEF ;(3)求二面角C AO D --的正弦值.20.已知椭圆C :()012222>>=+b a bx a y 的离心率为35,点()02,-A 在C 上.(1)求C 的方程;(2)过点()3,2-的直线交曲线C 于Q P ,两点,直线AQ AP ,交y 轴于N M ,两点,求证:线段MN 中点为定点.21.已知函数()()1ln 1+⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+=x a x x f .(1)当1-=a 时,求曲线()x f 在()()1,1f 的切线方程;(2)是否存在实数b a ,使得曲线⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛=x f y 1关于直线b x =对称,若存在,求出b a ,的值;如果不存在,请说明理由;(3)若()x f 在()∞+,0存在极值,求a 的取值范围.(二)选做题【选修4-4】22.在直角坐标系xOy 中,以坐标原点O 为极点,x 轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线1C 的极坐标方程为⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛≤≤=24sin 2πθπθρ,曲线2C :⎩⎨⎧==ααsin 2cos 2y x (α为参数,παπ<<2).(1)写出1C 的直角坐标方程;(2)若直线m x y +=既与1C 没有公共点,也与2C 没有公共点,求m 的取值范围.【选修4-5】23.已知()22-+=x x x f .(1)求不等式()x x f -≤6的解集;(2)在直角坐标系xOy 中,求不等式组()⎩⎨⎧≤-+≤06y x yx f 所确定的平面区域的面积.参考答案一、选择题123456789101112BADDCDCBCBDA1.解:()i i ii i i i i i i z 21112211212252-=--=+=+-+=+++=,则i z 21+=2.解:由题意可得{}2<=⋃x x N M ,则()=⋃N M C U {}2≥x x .3.解:如图所示,在长方体1111D C B A ABCD -中,2==BC AB ,31=AA ,点K J I H ,,,为所在棱上靠近点1111,,,A D C B 的三等分点,N M L O ,,,为所在棱的中点,则三视图所对应的几何体为长方体1111D C B A ABCD -去掉长方体11LMHB ONIC -之后所得的几何体,该几何体的表面积和原来的长方体的表面积相比少2个边长为1的正方体.4.解:∵()1-=ax xe xe xf 是偶函数,则()()=--x f x f ()()[]01111=--=-------axx a x ax x axx e e e x e e x e xe ,又∵x 不恒为0,可得()01=--xa xee ,则()x a x 1-=,∴2=a .5.解:∵区域(){}41,22≤+≤y x y x 表示以()00,O 为圆心,外圆半径2=R ,内圆半径1=r 的圆环,则直线OA 的倾斜角不大于4π的部分如阴影所示,在第一象限对应的圆心角4π=∠MON ,结合对称性可得所求概率为41242=⨯=ππp .6.解:∵()()ϕω+=x x f sin 在区间⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛326ππ,单调递增,∴26322πππ=-=T ,且0>ω,则π=T ,22==Tπω.当6π=x 时,()x f 取得最小值,则Z k k ∈-=+⋅,2262ππϕπ,则Z k k ∈-=,652ππϕ,不妨取0=k 则()⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=652sin πx x f ,则2335sin 125=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-ππf .7.解:有1本相同的读物,共有16C 种情况,然后两人各自的另外一种读物相当于在剩余的5种读物里,选出两种进行排列,共有25A 种,根据分布乘法公式则共有⋅16C 12025=A 种.8.解:在AOB ∆中,︒=∠120AOB ,而3==OB OA ,取AC 中点C ,连接PC OC ,,有AB OC ⊥,AB PC ⊥,如图,︒=∠30ABO ,23=OC ,32==BC AB ,由P AB ∆的面积为439得439321=⨯⨯PC ,解得233=PC ,于是6232332222=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=-=OC PC PO ,∴圆锥的体积()πππ663313122=⨯⨯=⨯⨯=PO OA V .9.解:取AB 的中点E ,连接DE CE ,,∵ABC ∆为等腰直角三角形,AB 为斜边,则有AB CE ⊥,又ABD ∆为等边三角形,则AB DE ⊥,从而CED ∠为二面角DAB C --的平面角,即︒=∠150CED ,显然E DE CE =⋂,⊂DE CE ,平面CDE ,又⊂AB 平面ABC ,因此平面CDE ⊥平面ABC ,显然平面CDE ∩平面CE ABC =,直线⊂CD 平面CDE ,则直线CD 在平面ABC 内的射影为直线CE ,从而DCE ∠为直线CD 与平面ABC 所成的角,令2=AB ,则1=CE ,3=DE,在CDE ∆中,由余弦定理得:72331231cos 222=⎪⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-⨯⨯⨯-+=∠⋅-+=CED DE CE DE CE CD ,由正弦定理得CEDCDDCE DE ∠=∠sin sin ,即7237150sin 3sin =︒=∠DCE ,显然DCE ∠是锐角,7257231sin 1cos 22=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=∠-=∠DCE DCE ,∴直线CD 与平面ABC 所成角的正切值为53.10.解:依题意,等差数列{}n a 中,()⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-+=⋅-+=323232111πππa n n a a n ,显然函数==n a y cos ⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+3232cos 1ππa n 的周期为3,而*∈N n ,即n a cos 最多有3个不同取值,又{}{}b a Nn a n ,cos =∈*,而在321cos ,cos ,cos a a a 中,321cos cos cos a a a ≠=或321cos cos cos a a a =≠,于是有⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=32cos cos πθθ,即有Z k k ∈=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++,232ππθθ,解得Z k k ∈-=,3ππθ213cos cos cos 3cos 343cos 3cos 2-=-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--=⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=ππππππππππk k k k k ab 11.解:由对称性只需考虑()1,1,()2,1,()3,1,()4,1即可,注意到()3,1在渐近线上,()1,1,()2,1在渐近线一侧,()4,1在渐近线的另一侧.下证明()4,1点可以作为AB 的中点.设直线AB 的斜率为k ,显然k 存在.设()41+-=x k y l AB :,直线与双曲线联立()⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=-+-=194122y x x k y ,整理得()()()094429222=------k x k k xk ,只需满足⎩⎨⎧>∆=+0221x x ,∴()29422=--k k k ,解得49=k ,此时满足0>∆.12.解:如图所示,1=OA ,2=OP ,则由题意可知:︒=∠45APO ,由勾股定理可得122=-=OA OP P A ,当点D A ,位于直线PO 异侧时,设40παα≤≤=∠,OPC ,则:⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⨯=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⋅=⋅4cos cos 214cos πααπαPD P A αααααααα2sin 2122cos 1cos sin cos sin 22cos 22cos 22-+=-=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--=42sin 2221πα∵40πα≤≤,则4424ππαπ≤-≤-,∴当442ππα-=-时,PD P A ⋅有最大值1.当点D A ,位于直线PO 同侧时,设40παα≤≤=∠,OPC ,则:⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⨯=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⋅=⋅4cos cos 214cos πααπαPD P A αααααααα2sin 2122cos 1cos sin cos sin 22cos 22cos 22++=+=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛++=42sin 2221πα∵40πα≤≤,则2424ππαπ≤+≤,∴当242ππα=+时,PD P A ⋅有最大值为221+.二、填空题13.49;14.8;15.2-;16.⎪⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡-1,21513.解:由题意可得:()1252⨯=p ,则52=p ,∴抛物线的方程为x y 52=,准线方程为45-=x ,点A 到C 的准线的距离为49451=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--.14.作出可行域如下图所示,∵y x z -=2,∴z x y -=2,联立有⎩⎨⎧=+-=-9213y x y x ,解得⎩⎨⎧==25y x 设()2,5A ,显然平移直线x y 2=使其经过点A 此时截距z -最小,则z 最大,代入得8=z .15.解:设{}n a 的公比为()0≠q q ,则q a q a a a a a a 5263542⋅==,显然0≠n a ,则24q a =,即231q q a =,则11=q a ,∵8109-=a a ,则89181-=⋅q a q a ,则()()3351528-=-==q q,则23-=q ,则25517-==⋅=q q q a a .16.⎪⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡-1,215解析:()()()a a a a x f xx+++='1ln 1ln ,由()x f 在()∞+,0为增函数可知()∞+∈,0x 时,()0≥'x f 恒成立,只需()0min ≥'x f ,而()()()01ln 1ln 22>+++=''a a a a x f xx,∴()()()01ln ln 0≥++='>'a a f x f ,又∵()1,0∈a ,∴⎪⎪⎭⎫⎢⎣⎡-∈1,215a .三、解答题(一)必做题17.解:(1)∵i i i y x z -=()10,2,1 =i ,∴9536545111=-=-=y x z ;62=z ;83=z ;84-=z ;155=z ;116=z ;197=z ;188=z ;209=z ;1210=z .()()[]1112201819111588691011011021=++++++-+++⨯=++=z z z z ∵()∑=-=1012101i i z z s ,将各对应值代入计算可得612=s (2)由(1)知:11=z ,612=s,∴5122106121061210222=⨯==s ,121112==z ,∴1022s z ≥∴甲工艺处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率较乙工艺处理后的橡胶产品的伸缩率有显著提高18.解:(1)根据题意,由余弦定理可得:72112212cos 222222=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-⨯⨯⨯-+=∠⋅-+=BAC AC AB AC AB BC ∴7=BC 由正弦定理ABC AC A BC ∠=∠sin sin ,即ABC∠=sin 1237,解得1421sin =∠ABC .(2)由三角形面积公式可得430sin 2190sin 21=︒⨯⨯⨯︒⨯⨯⨯=∆∆AD AC AD AB S S ACDABD ,则103120sin 12215151=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛︒⨯⨯⨯⨯==∆∆ABC ACD S S .19.解:(1)连接OF OE ,,设tAC AF =,则()BC t BA t AF BA BF +-=+=1,BC BA AO 21+-=,AO BF ⊥,则()[]()()0414********=+-=+-=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+-⋅+-=⋅t t BC t BA t BC BA BC t BA t AO BF 解得21=t ,则F 为AC 的中点,由F O E D ,,,分别为AC BC P A PB ,,,的中点,于是AB OF AB DE AB DE 2121∥,,∥=,即OF DE OF DE =,∥,则四边形ODEF 为平行四边形,DO EF DO EF =,∥,又⊄EF 平面ADO ,⊂DO 平面ADO ,∴EF ∥平面ADO .(2)由(1)可知EF ∥OD ,则266==DO AO ,,得2305==DO AD ,因此215222==+AD AO OD ,则AO OD ⊥,有AO EF ⊥,又BF AO ⊥,F EF BF =⋂,⊂EF BF ,平面BEF ,则有AO ⊥平面BEF ,又⊂AO 平面ADO ,∴平面ADO ⊥平面BEF .(3)过点O 作BF OH ∥交AC 于点H ,设G BE AD =⋂,由BF AO ⊥得AO HO ⊥,且AH FH 31=,又由(2)知,AO OD ⊥,则DOH ∠为二面角C AO D --平面角,∵E D ,分别为P A PB ,的中点,因此G 为P AB ∆的重心,即有,31,31BE GE AD DG ==又AH FH 31=,即有GF DH 23=,622642622215234cos 2⨯⨯-+=⨯⨯-+=∠P A ABD ,解得14=P A ,同理得26=BE ,于是3222==+BF EF BE ,即有EF BE ⊥,则35262631222=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⨯=GF ,从而315=GF ,21531523=⨯=DH ,在DOH ∆中,215,262321====DH OD BF OH ,于是22221sin ,22232624154346cos 2=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--=∠-=⨯⨯-+=∠DOH DOH .∴二面角C AO D --的正弦值为22.20.解:(1)由题意可得⎪⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎪⎨⎧==+==352222a c e c b a b ,解得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧===523c b a ,∴椭圆的方程为14922=+x y。
2023年山西高考语文真题及答案解析(全国乙卷)绝密启用前2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标全国Ⅱ卷)语文参考答案注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2.答题时请按要求用笔。
3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
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一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题,19分)【1~5题答案】【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B4. “敲诈”“斗智”“拷问”在*中的特殊含义是调查研究的错误的立场、态度和方式,为了论证调查者搞社会调查不能与被调查者敌对,不能欺骗,不能居高临下,应该认清自己的立场和目的,从反面论证调查者应该站在被调查者的利益上,应尊重对方,目的是解答疑惑。
这三个词的运用,生动形象的说明了调查者错误的调查目的、方式和态度,使论证语言生动形象,深入浅出、易于理解。
5. ①实现调查研究“客观”的目的,必须要从群众中来、到群众中去,广泛听取群众意见;②调查研究必须坚持实事求是的原则,树立求真务实的作风,具有追求真理、修正错误的勇气。
③调查研究要实现“客观”的目的,就要控制他所要观察的现象,要与被观察者取得充分合作;④观察社会现象时,要能确知观察情境中各种因子对于被观察现象所起的作用,要认清自己的立场和目的,站在被调查者的利益上才能获得相对客观的信息和结论。
(二)现代文阅读II(本题共4小题,16分)【6~9题答案】【答案】6. D 7. C8. ①正面描写:如写开锣时磕头焚香、杀牲、烧申神黄表等祭拜仪式,体现社戏的仪式感;写社戏演出的固定内容、顺序、打赏等体现其仪式感。
②侧面烘托:写人们看戏时服饰打扮的隆重来表现对社戏的重视;写看社戏时各种卖吃食的热闹场景,和长顺家请客等内容体现其仪式感;写吕家坪的重要人物出场,还备办酒席款待这些人物来表现社戏的仪式感。
山西高考理综试题及答案一、选择题(每题5分,共50分)1. 下列关于细胞呼吸的叙述,正确的是:A. 细胞呼吸的场所是线粒体B. 细胞呼吸不需要氧气C. 细胞呼吸的产物是二氧化碳和水D. 细胞呼吸是细胞内能量的来源答案:D2. 下列关于遗传物质的叙述,错误的是:A. DNA是遗传物质B. RNA不是遗传物质C. 遗传物质是双螺旋结构D. 遗传物质携带遗传信息答案:B3. 下列关于生态系统的叙述,正确的是:A. 生态系统由生物部分和非生物部分组成B. 生态系统只有生物部分C. 生态系统没有非生物部分D. 生态系统不包括生产者答案:A4. 下列关于光合作用的叙述,错误的是:A. 光合作用需要光B. 光合作用不需要水C. 光合作用的产物是氧气和有机物D. 光合作用是植物特有的答案:B5. 下列关于原子结构的叙述,正确的是:A. 原子由原子核和电子组成B. 原子核由质子和中子组成C. 电子在原子核内运动D. 原子核是原子的中心答案:A6. 下列关于化学反应的叙述,错误的是:A. 化学反应中原子的种类不变B. 化学反应中原子的数目不变C. 化学反应中原子的质量不变D. 化学反应中原子的体积不变答案:D7. 下列关于电磁波的叙述,正确的是:A. 电磁波可以在真空中传播B. 电磁波不能在真空中传播C. 电磁波的传播速度是光速D. 电磁波的传播速度是声速答案:A8. 下列关于牛顿运动定律的叙述,错误的是:A. 牛顿第一定律描述了物体在不受力时的运动状态B. 牛顿第二定律描述了力和加速度的关系C. 牛顿第三定律描述了作用力和反作用力的关系D. 牛顿运动定律只适用于宏观物体答案:D9. 下列关于热力学的叙述,正确的是:A. 热力学第一定律是能量守恒定律B. 热力学第二定律描述了熵增原理C. 热力学第三定律描述了绝对零度的性质D. 热力学定律只适用于理想气体答案:A10. 下列关于生物进化的叙述,错误的是:A. 生物进化的证据包括化石记录B. 生物进化的证据包括比较解剖学C. 生物进化的证据包括分子生物学D. 生物进化是随机的,没有方向性答案:D二、填空题(每题5分,共30分)1. 细胞呼吸的最终产物是______。
山西高考语文试题【试题内容】一、(3分)名句名篇默写1. 补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。
(1)古人学问无遗力,少壮工夫老始成。
(2)三军可夺帅也,匹夫不可夺志也。
(3)满地黄花堆积,憔悴损,如今有谁堪摘?二、(12分)文学类文本阅读1. 简答题(任选一题)(4分)(1)请简要分析《红楼梦》中林黛玉的形象特点。
(2)请简要分析《边城》中翠翠这一人物形象。
三、(9分)论述类文本阅读1. 阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。
中国传统文化中的“和”文化强调“和而不同”,追求多样性的统一,认为和谐是各种要素之间的平衡和协调,是一种______的状态。
然而,随着全球化进程的加快,各国文化的交流与融合越来越频繁,传统文化的独特性和差异性受到挑战。
在这种情况下,我们需要弘扬“和”文化,并探索出一种能够将传统文化与现代社会相结合的路径。
首先,我们应该从尊重文化多样性的角度出发,理解并欣赏其他国家和民族的文化。
其次,我们需要寻找传统与现代的契合点,通过创新性的方式将传统文化元素融入现代社会生活。
同时,我们还要培养一种包容并蓄的心态,在保持传统的同时,积极吸收其他文化的优点和长处。
(1)请在文中横线处填入词语,使整段文字语意连贯。
(2)请简要分析当前全球文化交流与融合中存在的问题及原因。
四、(15分)作文阅读下面的材料,根据要求写作。
近年来,随着人工智能技术的迅猛发展,人工智能与人类的关系成为人们关注的焦点。
有人认为人工智能是人类的助手和朋友,可以辅助人类完成各种任务,提高效率;也有人担忧人工智能会取代人类的工作,甚至威胁人类的生存。
对此,你有怎样的思考和看法?请写一篇文章阐述你的观点。
要求:自拟标题,观点明确;论述合理,语言简明;不要套作,不得抄袭;不少于800字。
【回答】山西高考语文试题答案一、名句名篇默写1. (1)一寸光阴一寸金(2)士不可以不弘毅任重而道远(3)物是人非事事休欲语泪先流2. (1)林黛玉容貌美丽、聪明伶俐、孤傲清高、反抗性强。
高考英语山西卷阅读理解历年真题及答案解析一、历年真题近年来,高考英语山西卷的阅读理解部分一直备受考生关注。
以下是近几年的历年真题及其答案解析。
(这里省略了标题和其他无关的话)1. 第一年真题及答案解析真题内容解析这道题是一篇记叙文阅读理解,文章讲述了一个关于友谊的故事。
文章结构清晰,逻辑严密。
文中提到两位朋友的相互帮助和支持,强调了真正的友谊应该是无私的。
答案解析A选项中的“understanding”在文章中没有被提到,因此排除。
B选项“trust”在文中有提到,但不是重点,所以也排除。
C选项中“sharing”在文中有体现,但不是主旨所在,所以排除。
D选项“support”在文中多次被提到,是文章的核心要点,所以是正确答案。
2. 第二年真题及答案解析真题内容解析这道题是一篇议论文阅读理解,文章讲述了手机在现代生活中的影响。
作者通过列举了一些现象和事例,来说明手机对人们的生活产生了积极和消极的影响。
答案解析A选项“提高生活效率”在文章中有提到,但不是文章主旨。
B选项“加剧人们的依赖”在文章中有提到,并且是文章的主要讨论点,所以是正确答案。
C选项“拓宽交流渠道”在文章中没有提到,所以排除。
D 选项“造成社交隔离”在文章中有提到,并且是文章的一个重点,但不是主旨,所以排除。
二、答案解析通过对历年真题的分析,我们可以总结出一些解题技巧。
1. 首先,要仔细阅读题目和文章,理解题目的要求和文章的主旨。
掌握文章的中心思想可以有针对性地查找答案。
2. 其次,注意选项之间的差异和细微的线索。
有时候一个关键词就能帮助我们确定答案。
3. 此外,要注意排除法。
通过分析选项,将明显错误的选项排除,可以大大提高答题准确率。
总之,阅读理解部分是高考英语的重要组成部分,需要考生们通过多做历年真题来提高解题能力。
同时,掌握一些解题技巧也能帮助考生在考试中取得更好的成绩。
根据以上提供的阅读理解历年真题及答案解析,考生可以有针对性地进行备考,提高自己的阅读理解能力,以应对高考英语山西卷的挑战。
2024年山西省高考数学真题及参考答案一、单项选择题:本题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求。
1.已知1i z =--,则||z =().A.0B.1D.22.已知命题:R p x ∀∈,|1|1x +>;命题:0q x ∃>,3x x =.则().A.p 和q 都是真命题B.p ⌝和q 都是真命题C.p 和q ⌝都是真命题D.p ⌝和q ⌝都是真命题3.已知向量a ,b 满足||1a = ,|2|2a b += ,且(2)b a b -⊥ ,则||b =().A.12B.22C.32D.14.某农业研究部门在面积相等的100块稻田上种植新型水稻,得到各块稻田的亩产量(单位:kg )并部分整理如下表所示.根据表中数据,下列结论正确的是()A.100块稻田亩产量的中位数小于1050kgB.100块稻田中的亩产量低于1100kg 的稻田所占比例超过80%C.100块稻田亩产量的极差介于200kg 到300kg 之间D.100块稻田亩产量的平均值介于900kg 到1000kg 之间5.已知曲线22:16(0)C x y y +=>,从C 上任意一点P 向x 轴作垂线PP ',P '为垂足,则线段PP '的中点M 的轨迹方程为().A.221(0)164x y y +=> B.221(0)168x y y +=>C.221(0)164y x y +=> D.221(0)168y x y +=>6.设函数2()(1)1f x a x =+-,()cos 2g x x ax =+,当(1,1)x ∈-时,曲线()y f x =和()y g x =恰有一个交点,则a =()A.-1B.12C.1D.27.已知正三棱台111ABC A B C -的体积为523,6AB =,112A B =,则1A A 与平面ABC 所成角的正切值为().A.12 B.1C.2D.38.设函数()()ln()f x x a x b =++,若()0f x ≥,则22a b +的最小值为().A.18B.14C.12D.1二、多项选择题:本题共3小题,每小题6分,共18分。
山西英语高考历年试题及答案山西英语高考历年试题第 I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a library. B. In a theater.C. In a cinema.D. In a classroom.2. A. 40 dollars. B. 30 dollars. C. 20 dollars. D. 10 dollars.3. A. Doctor and nurse. B. Cashier and customer.C. Dentist and patient.D. Conductor and passenger.4. A. The weather was miserable all day. B. The trip was really a hard one.C. They had a wet and cold trip.D. They were not caught in the rain.5. A. She is popular with children. B. She has always been popular.C. She had a surprising party.D. She was surprised at the party.6. A. Engineering. B. Business.C. Education.D. Manufacturing.7. A. He needs some change. B. He seldom counts his money.C. He doesnt have that much cash.D. He owes the woman twenty dollars.8. A. Jack is clever. B. Tom is reliable.C. Tom is honest.D. Jack is dependable.9. A. Heavy jackets are now on sale. B. She is waiting for winter to arrive.C. Its hard to get a heavy jacket.D. She needs a warm jacket.10. A. He will continue his work on vacation. B. Papers piled while he was on vacation.C. He has too much work to do.D. He has made his vacation plans.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Last night. B. At the age of 20.C. At the age of 9.D. A couple of weeks ago.12. A. Because she liked it at their age. B. Because it was a story about animals.C. Because it was a fun story.D. Because it was a Disney film.13. A. Romeo and Juliet. B. A love story between two dogs.C. Different dogs and different lives.D. Children and dogs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Britain. B. France. C. Spain. D. Sweden.15. A. Children were invited to meet Harry Potters magic mother.B. The book was first available to readers on the Internet.C. J. K. Rowling has had an interview on the Internet.D. The book first arrived in China in early June, 2003.16. A. To develop their love for the country. B. To get ready for a military parade.C. To gain some military knowledge.D. To learn to protect themselves.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.BlueberryRestaurantReservationFormName Caroline__17__Time 8:30,__18__nightNumberofPeople SevenPhoneNumber __19__SpecialRequest __20__dishesBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.GrandCityFairWhatisthefairfamousfor? The__21__andFleaMarket.Theyfeeltheyare__22__. HowdopeoplefeelwhentheyareintheFleaMarket?Howdoesthefairgetmostofitspowersupply? Byproducing__23__itself. HowisthebusinessduringtheChristmassale? Thereisanincreaseinboth__24__.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fillin each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.Accidents happen almost everywhere every day. Some accidents are not serious and some really are. We read about such accidents nearly every day in the newspapers. And people usually think that accidents take place only on the roads or highways until they (25) ______ come across accidents in their homes or even at work places. As a matter of fact, home accidents are just as common as those we see and hear on the roads, some of (26) ______ cause even much more serious consequences. Because very few home accidents are reported, people come to think that there are few accidents that happen in homes.There (27) ______ (be) many serious cases where people fall to their deaths from high-rise flats so far. In most cases, children and women often fall over while (28) ______ (step) down the stairs. Old people may slip on wet floors, getting badly hurt or even killed, if they are not careful.Nowadays there are a lot of modern electrical appliances at home (29) ______ ______ rice cookers, micro waves and washing machines, which make life easy for the modern housewives. These appliances can kill people (30) ______ they are used in the proper way. Gas stoves used for cooking are also dangerous if they are not properly used. They may cause burns or, in more serious cases, even fires.But all such accidents (31) ______ be stopped if we are careful and follow simple rules of safety. For example, it is unwise for people to try repairing their own electrical appliances if they do not know how to repair them. Therefore, it is safer and more reliable (32) ______ people get them repaired by an electrician.A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106 foreign students. It shows that nearly all these students considered (33) ______ (understand) spoken English, especially in the first few weeks, to be their biggest problem on arrival. This was followed by speaking or communicating. Writing then increased as a big problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they (34) ______ (expect) to hand in. And at the same time, reading remained as a significant problem.The information (35) ______ (gain) helped us in determining where special attention should be paid to in our course. Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation, we considered it important to note (36) ______ seemed to encourage interest. Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching or teacher-centered English learning in their own country. It would be self-defeating (37) ______ (use) the same method, especially if it has failed in the past or it is too complicated to follow or imitate, (38) ______ it might reduce motivation and interest. Therefore a different method may help because it is different.(39) ______ variety of activities was also regarded as a way of maintaining or increasing motivation and interest. Several years ago we had the first timetable that operated throughout the course of English learning, but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about half-way through the ten weeks. This led us to a major re-think, and we had to explore a much (40) ______ (effective) way ofEnglish learning, so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. wanderedB. applicationsC. intellectualD. occurred E extraordinaryF. objectivesG. relativelyH. releaseI. threateningJ. accomplishedK. completelyJohn Nash, a Nobel Prize winner and mathematical genius whose struggle with mental illness was documented in the Oscar-winning film “A Beautiful Mind”, was killed in a car accident on Saturday. He was 86. The accident __41__ when the taxi Nash was traveling in ran into another car on the New Jersey Turnpike. Neither of the two drivers involved in the accident underwent life-__42__ injuries.At Princeton, Nash published a 27-page essay about the field of game theory, which led to __43__ in economics, international politics, and evolutionary biology. His signature solution found that competition among two opponents is not necessarily governed by zero-sum logic. Two opponents can, for instance, each achieve their maximum __44__ through cooperating with the other, or gain nothing at all by refusing to cooperate. This simple understanding is now regarded as one of the most important social science ideas in the 20th century, and a proof to his almost unique __45__ gifts.But in the late 1950s, Nash began a slide into mental illness and each therapy failed to cure him, and for much of the next three decades, Nash __46__ freely on the Princeton campus, scratching his hands on empty blackboards and staring blankly ahead in the library. Robert Wright remembers Nash as “some math genius that went crazy” who wore colorful shoes and quietly watched people. His mental illness removed him __47__ from his work. By the time Nash was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1994, he hadnt published a paper in 36 years.But like a child cured of a terrible dream by the switch of a light, Nash recovered from his illness seemingly by choosing not to be sick anymore. Five years later, the __48__ of the film “A Beautiful Mind”, based on Sylvia Nasars 1998 book of the same name, expanded Nashs __49__ life story to an international audience. He continued to work, travel, and speak at conferences for the rest of his life.Its tempting to wonder what Nash might have __50__, had mental illness not robbed him of so many productive years. “Because the ideas I had about super natural beings came to me the same way that my mathematical ideas did,” said Nash. “So I took them seriously.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why girls do better at school than boys?For centuries, boys were top of the class. But these days, thats no longer the case.A new study by the OECD, a club of mostly __51__ countries in Europe and North America, examined how 15-year-old boys and girls performed at reading, mathematics and science. Boys still get somewhat better __52__ at maths and physics, and in other science courses the genders are roughly __53__. But when it comes to the students who really struggle and suffer at school, the difference is __54__: boys are 50% more likely than girls to fall short of basic standards in all three areas.__55__, why are girls performing better at school than their male classmates?First, girls read more than boys. Reading proficiency (熟练) is the basis upon which all other learning is built. When boys dont do well in reading, their __56__ in other school subjects suffers too.Second, girls spend much more time on their homework and out-of-class learning. __57__, girls spend five and a half hours per week doing homework while boys spend a little less than four and a half hours. Researchers suggest that doing homework __58__ by teachers is linked to better accomplishment in maths, reading and science. Boys, it appears, spend more of their free time in the __59__ world; they are 17% more likely to play cooperative online games than girls every day. They also use the internet more.Third, peer __60__ plays a role. A lot of boys decide early on that they are just too cool for school. They adopt a so-called concept of masculinity (男子气概) that includes a disregard for __61__, which meanstheyre more likely to be rude and noisy in class. Teachers mark them down for this. In anonymous (匿名的) tests, boys perform better. In fact, the gender gap in reading __62__ by a third when teachers dont know the gender of the pupil they are marking.So what can be done to close this gap? Getting boys to do more homework and cut down on screen-time would help. And offering boys a __63__ to read non-fiction would help too: theyre keener on comics and newspapers. But most of all, abandoning gender stereotypes (旧模式) would __64__ all students. Thus, boys in all countries with the best schools read much better than girls. As we know, girls in Shanghai, Singapore and Seoul are good at mathematics, and they __65__ boys from anywhere else in the world.51. A. backward B. wealthy C. regular D. miserable52. A. scores B. directions C. guidance D. evaluation53. A. practical B. reliable C. relevant D. equal54. A. stable B. vague C. obvious D. logical55. A. However B. Therefore C. Similarly D. Instead56. A. behaviour B. comment C. preparation D. performance57. A. In brief B. On average C. On the contrary D. In addition58. A. researched B. designed C. assigned D. approved59. A. virtual B. realistic C. future D. artificial60. A. relationship B. contact C. responsibility D. pressure61. A. experts B. authorities C. adults D. peers62. A. develops B. widens C. narrows D. forms63. A. chance B. task C. favour D. resource64. A. influence B. harm C. satisfy D. benefit65. A. advance B. overtake C. overcome D. challengeSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)In job interviews, were often asked about our strengths and weaknesses. And, as a matter of fact, most of us know automatically how to respond.Common wisdom tells us to use faux weaknesses, which means things that are strengths described as negatives and turned into positives. You might even be able to change your weakness into a skill for a job youre not fully qualified for.In America, in a championship game you are unlikely to see athletes showing weakness. If the athletes become hurt in this game, they will hide their injuries — they dont want their competitors to know their weak spots. But there is absolutely no need for us to act like this in business affairs.At work and in business, you can have shortcomings because these can be overcome and turned into strengths. The only fatal thing is to notrealize that all your weaknesses can be made strong. Of course, to make up for shortcomings, you must first be aware of what your weaknesses really are.Have you ever wondered what has happened when you interview for a job youre fully qualified for, but it goes to someone who doesnt seem to be qualified at all? How would that person get the job when he had none of the qualifications listed in the job ad?That applicant figured out the business pain point that is seldom, if ever, mentioned in the job ad, and then how to address it. He didnt talk about how he met each of the requirements on the job ad. He had none of the qualifications. He asked questions instead. He asked probing (探询的) questions to learn more about the business pain. By doing so, this less-qualified person soon learned that the hiring managers needed something different from what was listed in the job ad.Not accepting the job ad as an unquestionable truth is the key. There is no reason to think that hiring managers actually know what they need when they write job ads. They may need someone completely different from what they describe. That is why you can get a job that youre not qualified for.66. The underlined word “faux” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “______”.A. incorrectB. illogicalC. falseD. imaginary67. What exactly does the author advise you to do when you are a weak candidate for a job?A. Dont ask questions if you think you are a weak candidate.B. Ask questions about the job until you find you have something to offer.C. Dont let your interviewer know your weaknesses but tell him your strengths.D. Ask questions according to the job description to see if you can be a qualified candidate.68. Why does the author think an applicant can get a job that hes not qualified for?A. Because hiring managers may change their mind in the job interview.B. Because hiring managers may actually need someone who can ask questions.C. Because the applicant may not know that he actually has the required qualifications.D. Because hiring managers may not know what they actually need when writing the ad.69. What is the passage mainly talking about?A. You can change you weaknesses into strengths in job interviews.B. Dont expose your weaknesses but show your strengths in job interviews.C. Find out the business pain point not mentioned in the job ad in job interviews.D. Hiring managers usually dont know what qualifications they really need.。
语文高考山西真题试卷答案2019年山西高考语文试题
一、单项选择题
1.【2019山西高考】下列句子中加点的词语使用不当的一项是( )。
A. 她的名字我不知道,但是我认得她
B. 这些书,有的还没时候读完
C. 面对病痛,他坚持不弃
D. 他思虑决,从明天开始,便要新的创业
2.【2019山西高考】诗句“两情若是长久时,又岂在朝朝暮暮”中最早是由谁而提倡的( )。
A.《空山》
B.《东篱》
C.《菩萨蛮》
D.《浪淘沙》
3.【2019山西高考】下面对文中“行与尔等,皆不得”。
的理解,不正确的是()。
A. 我和你没有什么关系。
B. 我和你共同对待今后的未来
C. 至死方休
D. 你也别插手
4.【2019山西高考】词句释义正确的是()
A. “君不见高堂明镜悲白发”是指年老体衰,回忆当年。
B. “清水长流朵朵开”比喻生命的延绵。
C. “醉翁之意不在酒,归鸟之思不穷”意思是指酒和鸟只是形式,他们的意志内容是人们追求的
D. “登鹳雀楼”的深意是讴歌人长远追求的志向超越时代的气节和精神。
5.【2019山西高考】下列句子中,最能体现文章对妈的感情是( )。
A. 那时,我可以无怨无悔地对妈道谢
B. 这本书里面,母爱的感动是衬托中人物品性的
C. 妈没再往前,絮叨道服务员:……
D. 说当初风采依旧未渝,叩了门明白图库。
二、阅读理解
新试题。
三、应用文写作
新试题。
以上是2019年山西高考语文试题的部分题目及答案,希望对大家备战高考有所帮助。
祝愿大家取得优异成绩,实现梦想!。
山西高考试题及答案一、选择题(每题4分,共40分)1. 下列关于山西的描述,不正确的是:A. 山西省位于中国华北地区B. 山西省的省会是太原C. 山西省是中国的煤炭大省D. 山西省的气候属于热带季风气候答案:D2. 山西省的著名景点有:A. 五台山B. 云冈石窟C. 平遥古城D. 黄山答案:A、B、C3. 山西省的特产不包括:A. 老陈醋B. 汾酒C. 刀削面D. 龙井茶答案:D4. 下列哪项不是山西的文化特色?A. 晋剧B. 皮影戏C. 京剧D. 剪纸答案:C5. 山西省的简称是:A. 晋B. 陕C. 甘D. 豫答案:A6. 山西省的地理位置不包括:A. 黄河以东B. 太行山以西C. 长城以南D. 秦岭以北答案:D7. 山西省的气候类型是:A. 温带季风气候B. 亚热带季风气候C. 热带季风气候D. 高原山地气候答案:A8. 下列哪项不是山西省的历史名人?A. 关羽B. 司马光C. 王阳明D. 狄仁杰答案:C9. 山西省的矿产资源不包括:A. 煤炭B. 铁矿C. 石油D. 稀土答案:D10. 山西省的传统手工艺品不包括:A. 泥塑B. 漆器C. 刺绣D. 瓷器答案:D二、填空题(每题4分,共20分)1. 山西省的省会是_________。
答案:太原2. 山西省的简称是_________。
答案:晋3. 山西省的著名景点五台山位于山西省的_________市。
答案:忻州4. 山西省的煤炭储量占全国的_________。
答案:三分之一5. 山西省的传统美食刀削面的主要原料是_________。
答案:面粉三、简答题(每题10分,共20分)1. 请简述山西省的地理位置特点。
答案:山西省位于中国华北地区,东临河北,西接陕西,南界河南,北靠内蒙古,省会为太原。
2. 山西省的历史文化有哪些特点?答案:山西省是中国历史文化名省,拥有丰富的文化遗产,如晋剧、皮影戏、剪纸等,同时,山西也是中国煤炭大省,煤炭资源丰富。
山西高考基础试题及答案一、选择题(每题3分,共30分)1. 以下哪个选项是山西的省会城市?A. 太原B. 石家庄C. 呼和浩特D. 西安答案:A2. 山西省的简称是什么?A. 晋B. 陕C. 豫D. 冀答案:A3. 以下哪个不是山西著名的旅游景点?A. 平遥古城B. 云冈石窟C. 五台山D. 故宫答案:D4. 山西省的地理位置位于中国的哪个方向?A. 东北B. 西北C. 东南D. 西南答案:B5. 以下哪个不是山西的特产?A. 老陈醋B. 汾酒C. 龙井茶D. 刀削面答案:C6. 山西省的省花是什么?A. 牡丹B. 菊花C. 月季D. 杏花答案:D7. 以下哪个历史人物不是山西人?A. 关羽B. 王维C. 司马光D. 诸葛亮答案:D8. 山西省的省树是什么?A. 松树B. 柏树C. 银杏D. 柳树答案:B9. 以下哪个不是山西的非物质文化遗产?A. 晋剧B. 皮影戏C. 京剧D. 剪纸答案:C10. 山西省的省鸟是什么?A. 丹顶鹤B. 朱鹮C. 褐马鸡D. 孔雀答案:C二、填空题(每题2分,共20分)1. 山西省的省会城市是________。
答案:太原2. 山西省的简称为________。
答案:晋3. 山西省位于中国的________方向。
答案:西北4. 山西省的省花是________。
答案:杏花5. 山西省的省树是________。
答案:柏树6. 山西省的省鸟是________。
答案:褐马鸡7. 山西省著名的旅游景点包括________、________和________。
答案:平遥古城、云冈石窟、五台山8. 山西的特产有________、________和________。
答案:老陈醋、汾酒、刀削面9. 历史人物关羽和王维都是________人。
答案:山西10. 山西的非物质文化遗产包括________、________和________。
答案:晋剧、皮影戏、剪纸三、简答题(每题10分,共40分)1. 简述山西老陈醋的特点。
山西高考试题答案语文答案一、选择题1. C2. B3. D4. A5. C二、阅读理解(一)6. 答案示例:本文通过描绘主人公在不同季节的劳作情景,展现了农村生活的艰辛与美丽,表达了对传统农耕文化的赞美和对自然和谐共生的向往。
7. 答案示例:作者通过对四季变换的细腻描写,体现了人与自然和谐相处的理念,强调了尊重自然规律的重要性。
(二)8. 答案示例:本文通过讲述主人公的成长故事,揭示了家庭教育对于个人成长的重要影响,同时反映了现代社会中代际沟通的困境和解决代际冲突的可能性。
9. 答案示例:主人公在与父亲的交流中逐渐理解了父辈的期望和付出,这种情感的转变体现了作者对于理解和沟通的重视。
(三)10. 答案示例:本文通过对历史事件的回顾,分析了某一历史时期的重要转折点,揭示了历史发展的必然性和偶然性,以及个人在历史进程中的作用。
11. 答案示例:作者通过对历史人物的深入剖析,展现了其复杂的性格特点和决策背后的考量,从而引发读者对于历史人物评价的多元思考。
三、文言文阅读12. 答案示例:此题考查文言文中实词的理解和翻译,需要结合上下文推断出正确的词义。
13. 答案示例:此题考查文言文中虚词的用法和意义,需要理解虚词在句中的作用和表达的情感色彩。
四、作文题目:《传统与现代的对话》在这个快速发展的时代,传统与现代的碰撞无处不在。
从古老的文化遗产到现代科技的日新月异,两者之间的对话显得尤为重要。
请你以此为主题,写一篇不少于800字的文章,谈谈你对于传统与现代关系的理解。
范文:在这个瞬息万变的世界里,传统与现代的对话已经成为了我们生活中不可或缺的一部分。
传统,承载着历史的智慧和文化的精髓,而现代,则代表着科技的进步和社会的发展。
两者之间的交融与碰撞,不仅影响着我们的日常生活,也在塑造着我们的未来。
首先,我们应该认识到,传统并非是一成不变的。
在历史的长河中,传统经历了无数次的演变和创新。
正是这种不断的自我更新,使得传统文化得以延续至今。
历年山西高考试题及答案一、语文(1)阅读理解1.【原题】请阅读下面的文字,完成问题。
一位作者曾经说过,对一种文明的认识决不能仅从文学作品中得到,但文学作品对于文明的认识是深刻的,是有效的。
这是因为精彩的文学作品能为我们提供一个特殊的视角,使我们通过作品中的人物形象、隐喻、象征等手法,深入地把握一个时代、一个土地或一个民族的历史和人情。
所以说,文学是一座博大精深的殿堂。
它不仅有一定的知识浸润,而且有一定的情感聆听。
无论是从社会个体,还是从历史全局来说,文学作品都起着重要的作用。
因此,阅读、学习文学作品是我们学习语文的重要途径。
阅读的效果和质量是显而易见的,咀嚼阅读的效果还是浅尝辄止的效果截然不同。
要想读出好的文章好的文化,阅读必须持之以恒,且方法得当。
根据短文内容,回答问题。
(1)根据第一段的内容,文学作品为我们提供了一个特殊的视角,因为它能通过什么手法深入地把握一个时代、一个土地或一个民族的历史和人情?(A)人物形象(B)隐喻(C)象征(D)以上答案都正确(2)根据第二段的内容,阅读、学习文学作品是我们学习语文的重要途径的原因是什么?(A)文学作品有一定的知识浸润(B)文学作品有一定的情感聆听(C)文学作品起着重要的作用(D)以上答案都正确(3)根据最后一段的内容,读出好的文章好的文化需要做到以下哪两点?(请写出任意一点)__________________________【答案与解析】:(1)D。
根据第一段的内容,文学作品能通过人物形象、隐喻、象征等手法,深入地把握一个时代、一个土地或一个民族的历史和人情。
因此,答案选D。
(2)D。
根据第二段的内容,阅读、学习文学作品是我们学习语文的重要途径,因为文学作品有一定的知识浸润,有一定的情感聆听,同时也起着重要的作用。
因此,答案选D。
(3)任意答案。
根据最后一段的内容,要想读出好的文章好的文化,阅读必须持之以恒,且方法得当。
所以,可以写“阅读必须持之以恒”或“阅读方法得当”等均可。
2.【原题】请阅读下面的文字,完成问题。
五、阅读下面的文字,完成问题。
这一切,都是他——杨洪基自己亲自来完成,何况关于这件事,他没有可以推脱的原因,这是他给世人树立榜样的时候,他必须怀着愉快的心情,献出最好的自己!“谢谢大家!”家人、亲戚、朋友们合奏着祝贺歌为杨洪基欢送。
而杨洪基忽然感到一种无以名状的惆怅。
站在阳台的高处,他望着远处那个父母当年无心栽的桃园,他的眼前早已变得模糊。
望着大川流中那片朦胧的桃花,他仰天长叹:“成了!”他的自责和自豪仿佛与大地和天空相通.根据短文内容,回答问题。
(1)请写出短文的主题或中心思想。
______________________(2)请写出短文的最后一句话的含义。
______________________【答案与解析】:(1)短文的主题或中心思想为“杨洪基给世人树立榜样”。
(2)短文的最后一句话的含义是,杨洪基既自责自豪,仿佛与大地和天空相通,表示他的情感和大自然是相通的。
(2)作文【原题】1.在生活中,人们会遇到很多的事情。
请你根据自己的经历,以“我所遇到的困难与挫折”为题目,写一篇80-100字的文章。
【答案与解析】:我所遇到的困难与挫折在生活中,我也遇到了许多困难与挫折。
最令我难忘的是参加学校演讲比赛时遇到的困难。
那一天,我紧张地站在舞台上,但是话却卡在了喉咙里。
我尽力挤出一丝声音,结果只有几个字母断断续续地发出来,观众们都忍不住笑了起来。
我感到非常沮丧,不知所措。
经过这次失败的经历,我意识到只有通过努力,才能克服困难。
于是我开始加强演讲的训练,每天都反复练习,提高自己的发音和表达能力。
经过一段时间的努力,我在下一次演讲比赛中取得了很好的成绩。
这次困难和挫折让我明白了,只有面对困难,勇敢地去攻克,才能取得成功。
从那以后,我鼓起勇气,积极面对生活中的困难和挫折,始终相信自己能够战胜一切困难,迎接未来的挑战。
二、数学(1)选择题一元二次方程的解记为x1=3,x2=4,则原方程的系数和解与这两个根的关系是()。
A.a=14,b=7B.a=2,b=m/2C.a=2,b=14D.a=14,b=2【答案与解析】:由题意可知,一元二次方程的解为x1=3,x2=4,则根据一元二次方程的求根公式可得:a=(x1+x2)=3+4=7,b=(x1·x2)=3×4=12。
所以选C。
(2)解答题已知:根据概率可知,事件A的概率P(A)=0.3, P(A∪B)=0.7要求:求事件B的概率P(B)【答案与解析】:由概率的加法公式可知,P(A∪B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A∩B)。
又根据题意知道,P(A∪B)=0.7,P(A)=0.3,所以0.7=0.3+P(B)-P(A∩B)。
根据题意可知,P(A∩B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A∪B)=0.3+P(B)-0.7=0.3+P(B)-0.7所以,0.7=0.3+P(B)-0.7,得到:P(B)=1-0.3=0.7。
二、英语(1)阅读理解Directions:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the one that fits best according to the information in the passage.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Not all the die-hard Harry Potter fans live in Britain or the United States. Lukas Orreal, a 14-year-old boy from Stockholm, Sweden, embraced (欣然接受) the books and was inspired by Xavier Hernandez's art. Lukas and his friends saved their money for a year and a half and made a 4 feet 6 inches( 1.4 meters) long replica model of Hogwarts's School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. It ended up to be one-third the size of what it would be on the big screen. The palace has magical lights, Gothic-style window frames and the owlry(house for owls). Every magical detail in the Harry Potter books can be found in this model.Because Lukas lives in an apartment, he couldn't keep the palace In his small house. Two years later, he made a hard decision that the palace of Hogwarts could be seen by thousands of fans in the Modern Museum ofArt( 现代艺术博物馆) in Stockholm.1. _________ influenced Lukas Orreal to make a replica model of the Hogwarts's School of Witchcraft and WizardryA) The Harry Potter booksB) Xavier Hernandez's artC) Lukas's friendsD) Ludas's excitement【答案与解析】:由第一段可知,Lukas Orreal 是被 Harry Potter books 和 Xavier Hernandez's art 所影响,所以选 A)。
(2)翻译题阅读下面的短文,并将划线部分的句子翻译为中文。
First, I will talk about the climate. The climate is mostly mild, with cool winters and warm summers. Rainfall is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year. In general, the weather is pleasant throughout the year, making it a popular tourist destination.【参考答案】:首先,我将谈谈气候。
气候大多温和,冬季凉爽,夏季温暖。
降水在一年中分布相对均匀。
总体上,该地的天气一年四季都宜人,成为热门的旅游目的地。
三、物理(1)选择题一个青蛙从水面上垂直向上跳起,在上升阶段,它受到的合外力是()。
A.重力和阻力B.重力大于阻力C.阻力大于重力D.重力和浮力【答案与解析】:在上升阶段,由于重力向下,阻力向上,所以合外力等于重力和阻力,即A。