北京市中考英语说明及解读(扫描版)

2015年北京市中考英语试题及参考答案与解析（满分120分，考试时间120分钟）听力理解（共30分）一．听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。

每段对话你将听两遍。

（共5分，每小题1分）1．2．3．4．5．二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

（共15分，每小题1.5分）请听一段对话，完成第6至第7小题。

6．When will Grandpa arrive?A．AT 8：00 PM．B．At 7：00 PM．C．At 6：00 PM．7．How is Grandpa coming?A．By train．B．By bus．C．By car．请听一段对话，完成第8至第9小题。

8.What is the woman studying?A．English．B．Chinese．C．Maths．9．What is the woman good at?A．Playing the guitar．B．Playing the piano．C．Playing the violin请听一段对话，完成第10至第11小题。

10．Where is the woman going?A．To France．B．To Australia．C．To China．11．Who will the woman visit?A．Her friend．B．Her brother．C．Her teacher．请听一段对话，完成第12至第13小题。

12.How is the weather tomorrow?A．Cloudy．B．Rainy．C．Sunny．13．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．A plan for tomorrow．B．Programmes on TV．C．Food for the dinner．请听一段对话，完成第14至第15小题。

2020年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷学校________________姓名________________准考证号________________考生须知1．本试卷共12页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。

2．在试卷和答题卡上认真填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。

3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其它试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

5．考试结束，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

听力理解（共30分）一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。

每段对话你将听两遍。

（共5分，每小题1分）1.A. B. C.2.A. B. C.3.A. B. C.4.A. B. C.5.A. B. C.二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

（共15分，每小题1.5分）请听一段对话，完成第6至第7小题。

6. When will Grandpa arrive?A. AT 8:00 PM.B. At 7:00 PM.C. At 6:00 PM.7. How is Grandpa coming?A. By train.B. By bus.C. By car.请听一段对话，完成第8至第9小题。

8.What is the woman studying?A. English.B. Chinese.C. Maths.9. What is the woman good at?A. Playing the guitar.B. Playing the piano.C. Playing the violin请听一段对话，完成第10至第11小题。

10. Where is the woman going?A. To France.B. To Australia.C. To China.11. Who will the woman visit?A. Her friend.B. Her brother.C. Her teacher.请听一段对话，完成第12至第13小题。

北京市初中学业水平考试(满分:60分考试时间:90分钟)第一部分本部分共33题,共40分。

在每题列出的四个选项中,选出最符合题目要求的一项。

一、单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1.(2022北京,1)My sister is only six,but can already help with some housework.A.heB.sheC.itD.they2.(2022北京,2)We have history class three o clock every Friday afternoon.A.atB.onC.inD.to3.(2022北京,3)—I take photos here?—Sorry,you can t.It s not allowed in the museum.A.MustB.NeedC.CanD.Will4.(2022北京,4)After taking tennis classes,Tim is much than last year.A.strongB.strongerC.strongestD.the strongest5.(2022北京,5)—will Liu Yang stay in the space station this time?—For six months.A.How longB.How oftenC.How muchD.How soon6.(2022北京,6)Mr.Smith has helped me a lot,I m thankful to him.A.orB.butC.forD.so7.(2022北京,7)The workers the community center now.A.cleanedB.were cleaningC.will cleanD.are cleaning8.(2022北京,8)Don t lose heart.If you keep working hard,you some day.A.will succeed B.succeedC.succeededD.have succeeded9.(2022北京,9)I about my sister when my phone rang.It was her!A.thinkB.will thinkC.was thinkingD.am thinking10.(2022北京,10)Jim a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school.A.learnsB.learnedC.will learnD.has learned11.(2022北京,11)On our farm,the tea leaves by hand when they are ready.A.pick B.pickedC.are pickedD.were picked12.(2022北京,12)—Do you know the new national park—Yes,I do.To protect wildlife and benefit the local people.A.why did China set upB.why China set upC.when did China set upD.when China set up二、完形填空(每题1分,共8分)阅读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择最佳选项。

毕业学校姓名考生号绝密★启用前考生须知：2020 年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英 语7. If you take this train, youin Shanghai in five hours.A. arriveB. will arriveC. arrivedD. have arrived8. Ion the computer when Frank called me last night.A. workB. will workC. was workingD. am working1. 本试卷共 12 页，共五道大题，39 道小题。

满分 60 分。

考试时间 90 分钟.2. 在试卷和草稿纸上准确填写姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号.3. 试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效.4. 在答题卡上，选择题、作图题用 2B 铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答.5. 考试结束，将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回.知识运用（共 14 分）一、单项填空（共 6 题，每题 0.5 分）1. Mr. Jackson is a popular writer, and we all like reading books. A. hisB. herC. theirD. your2. Usually I make breakfast for my familySaturdays.A. AtB. inC. onD. to3. Wash your hands before meals, you may get ill.A. andB. butC. orD. so4. — you give me a hand? I can’t move the box by myself.—No problem.A. CouldB. ShouldC. MustD. Need5. — do you visit your grandparents, Tom?—Twice a month.A How muchB. How oftenC. How longD. How soon6. Zhaozhou Bridge is one ofstone bridges in the world.A. oldB. olderC. oldestD. the oldest英语试卷 第 1 页（共 12 页）9. Weeach other since I came to Beijing, but we send emails very often.A. don’t seeB. didn’t seeC. won’t seeD. haven’t seen10. —What’s that noise, Sam?—My little brotherwith his toy car now.A. will playB. is playingC. playsD. played11. The kitein China more than 2 000 years ago.A. inventsB. inventedC. is inventedD. was invented12. —Do you know?—At 9:00 tomorrow morning.A. when the video meeting beganB. when did the video meeting beginC. when the video meeting will beginD. when will the video meeting begin二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）At the end of my first year of high school, I realized I needed to find a summer job. I was tired of having to ask my parents for 13 . I wanted to go to theshopping center or movies with friends without having to ask for $20 from my parents. I imagined having a job at a store or at a summer camp where I could play games with children. But what actuallyhappened was 14 . The only job I managed to find was cleaning up tables at a local restaurant.英语试卷 第 2 页（共 12 页）在此卷上答题无效英语试卷 第 3 页（共 12 页） 英语试卷 第 4 页（共 12 页）At first, the idea of clearing tables upset me. The thought of getting up at dawn （黎明）Ato go clean up after people made me 15 ever asking for a job. The first day was terribly busy. I was running around, racing to get a table ready for the waiting customers. I’ll never forget how 16 I felt that day, but I’ll also never forget sitting down for lunch with my co - workers for the first time. People my age or ten years older all sat together and talked about their days. All of a sudden I was a part of that, and it felt good to be so 17 .I’ve now worked at the restaurant for almost one year. I’ve learned to be happy about getting up so early, because I know there’re going to be a few good 18 every day there.From starting there as a shy student, I’ve been able to grow into a person that can go up and 19 anyone, at work or anywhere else. I’m also not as sensitive （敏感的） as I used to be-getting an impolite customer might make me feel bad, but very soon I can laugh it off with my co-workers. The little job has given me so much, and I can’t wait to go back and continue to 20 from my experience.阅读理解（共 36 分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

2021年北京市中考英语试卷四、单项选择〔共10 分，每题1 分〕从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最正确选项．21．My father is a worker．is very kind．〔〕A．He B．She C．His D．It22．More and more young people go skating winter．〔〕A．at B．in C．on D．to23．﹣﹣﹣did you stop playing？﹣﹣﹣Because I was tired．〔〕A．How B．Why C．When D．Where24．The hotel is very old．It's one of buildings in the city．〔〕A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest25．﹣﹣﹣I hand in the report today？﹣﹣﹣No，you needn't．〔〕A．Can B．Must C．Shall D．Could26．﹣﹣﹣How do you usually go to school？﹣﹣﹣I to school on foot．〔〕A．go B．went C．was going D．will go27．My mother some washing when the telephone rang．〔〕A．does B．did C．is doing D．was doing28．Lily is my classmate．We each other since she came to our school．〔〕A．know B．knew C．have known D．will know29．The mobile phone in 1973．〔〕A．invents B．is invented C．invented D．was invented30．﹣﹣﹣Judy，could you tell me_______the schoolbag？﹣﹣﹣Oh，yes．I bought it in a store on the Internet．〔〕A．where did you buy B．where will you buyC．where you bought D．where you will buy五、完形填空〔共15 分，每题1.5 分〕阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最正确选项．31．A Meaningful GiftEmily was an eighth grader．To pass her Civics course〔公民课程〕，she had to do some volunteer service in a nursing home for a week．One Monday，Emily went to the nursing home after school．When she arrived，she was told she would 〔31〕an hour every weekday with an elderly lady，Mrs．Blair．She was then led into a room，where an old lady in a flowery dress was sitting on a sofa．Emily〔32〕awkwardly〔别扭地〕in front of the lady．She cleared her throat and said，"Good afternoon I'm Emily．""Good afternoon，Emily．Take a seat，please．"Mrs．Blair replied．Then，〔33〕filled the space between them．Emily wondered what to say．"Tell me about yourself，Emily，"Mrs．Blair said suddenly．"Well，"Emily started，"I don't have any grandparents，so I can't relate to elderly people much．I love the performing arts．I'm here mainly because I have to〔34〕here to get a good grade for my Civics class．"Mrs．Blair didn't seem to〔35〕．"Many people，especially teens，don't seem to care about old people like me．Now you are here，and I'm going to change that about you．Ask me anything．" Emily thought for a moment，and finally decided，"What was your job？""I was a Broadway star in the 1950s．"Mrs．Blair answered．"Cool!Can you tell me about it？"Emily asked，amazed．Mrs．Blair smiled．"Back then，only the lead actress had the honor to wear a〔36〕bracelet．I was the lead in almost all of the plays，so I always wore the bracelet．Till this day，I still have it．"Emily smiled along with Mts．Blair and listened to the other stories，attentively．She had become so interested in Mrs．Blair's〔37〕that she decided to come earlier the next day．Tuesday，Wednesday，and Thursday passed by quickly．Then came Friday．As she was leaving，Emily was really〔38〕to say goodbye．"Don't be sad．You can still visit me，"Mrs．Blair comforted her．She then handed a small box to Emily，"It's my gift to you．"Emily〔39〕opened the box and was surprised to see what was inside．"It's the bracelet that you wore．Thank you!"Emily said，with tears in her eyes．"I'm sure to visit you whenever I'm free．"On the way home，Emily thought of her own love for the performing arts．She touched the bracelet andmade a 〔40〕that she would keep her word to Mrs．Blair．31．A．waste B．spend C．plan D．exercise32．A．asked B．sat C．stood D．danced33．A．warmth B．sadness C．happiness D．silence34．A．study B．live C．volunteer D．play35．A．mind B．fear C．insist D．regret36．A．strange B．special C．common D．private37．A．dreams B．hobbies C．stories D．jokes38．A．upset B．confused C．surprised D．nervous39．A．proudly B．secretly C．worriedly D．carefully40．A．promise B．change C．judgment D．choice．六、阅读以下短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最正确选项．〔共30 分，每题2 分〕41．Summer Programs at Museums41．You can join in the programs at the Postal Museum any day．A．from July 17to 23B．from July 29﹣30C．from August 7﹣20D．from August 21to 2742．If you are interested in the program about video arts，you can phone．A.965﹣0400B.654﹣0930C.357﹣3030D.272﹣056043．A 15﹣year﹣old student can take part in the programs at．A．the Building MuseumB．the Postal MuseumC．the Air and Space MuseumD．the Science Museum44．In the Air and Space Museum，you can．A．create a stampB．build a houseC．make a paper airplaneD．explore a future city．45．The Sixth Time I Went to the Principal's OfficeWhen I was in the seventh grade，I had problems behaving．My heart was in the right place，but I couldn't always follow the rules．I played many tricks on my schoolmates．Once，I even pulled a girl's hair on the school bus to get her attention．As a result，I was repeatedly sent to the office of the principal〔校长〕．Although I hated going there，I did not hate the principal，Mr．Ratcliff．Mr．Ratcliff was a kind，elderly man．When he spanked〔打屁股〕me for putting some ants into a classmate's pencil box，it didn't hurt at all，but it did hurt my feelings．I thought so much of him and moments like that seemed to prove I was hopelessly bad．When I got called to Mr．Ratcliff's office for the sixth time，I had no idea what I had done．I felt disappointed as I walked down there．I went into his office，sat down，and looked at the floor．Then he said the last thing I expected to hear："Kevin，I've heard you've been behaving really well lately．I want you to know how proud I am of you，and I just called you down to my office to give you a peppermint．""Really？"I was surprised．"Yes．Now you can take that peppermint and go back to class．"I carried the peppermint with me as if it was a gold coin．When I got into my classroom，I bragged 〔吹嘘〕to my classmates about my turnaround，excitedly．I wasn't so bad after all．Mr．Ratcliff was really kind．He made me realize that I was just a kid who had problems with behavior．He bought some peppermints and took the time to notice me when I got something﹣anything ﹣right．Mr．Ratcliff gave me some hope by giving me some love．I will just remember him for the rest of my life．45．In his seventh grade，the writer．A．hated the principalB．had problems behavingC．always followed the rulesD．often helped his classmates46．How did the writer feel when he went to the principal's office for the sixth time？A．Lonely．B．Excited．C．Confident．D．Disappointed．47．The sixth time the writer went to the principal's office，he got．A．a peppermintB．a model busC．a pencil boxD．a coin48．The writer will always remember Mr．Ratcliff，because the principal．A．talked with him in the officeB．played games with himC．expected him to be a teacherD．gave him some hope and love．49．Buying Is Doing？How important is shopping to you？How much time do you spend buying things？And how much timedo you spend organizing these things in your home？In the future，how much time will you spend in movie theaters，at amusement parks，at shopping malls，or at convenience stores？When you add it all up，you will probably see you spend a lot of your life consuming〔消费〕things．Consuming products is not necessarily bad．However，if we spend too much time doing it，we should look at it carefully．Imagine that you have a week off from school．You don't have to go to class．However，in this week，you cannot spend any money﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣no shopping，no movies，no eating out．How would you spend your time？What things would bring you happiness？Perhaps you would take a walk with your best friend．Perhaps you would help a child read．Or you might spend time with your family．When we look back，it is likely that non﹣consuming experiences like these will be our most important memories．Why？Non﹣consuming activities are active，not passive．They don't come in a package．You make the experience yourself．For example，each person who reads to a child will have a different experience．The experience changes with the reader，the child，and the book．Similarly，when you have a conversation with a friend，you are actively creating an experience．The conversation that you have with your friend cannot be experienced or recreated by anyone else．However，if you watch a movie with a friend，you will each have a package experience．It requires no action and little interaction between the two of you．The environment we live in encourages us to have packaged experiences．We feel that we must consume because we believe that buying is doing．However，we can start a personal revolution 〔变革〕against consumerism．How？By consuming less．We can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction．Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences．49．If consuming products takes too much time，we should．A．spend less moneyB．think about it carefullyC．organize our thingsD．go to convenience stores50．According to the passage，the writer believes that．A．we can say no to consumerism by consuming lessB．buying things can bring us the greatest satisfactionC．the environment seldom influences our shopping choicesD．consuming experiences will be our most important memories51．What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？A．To introduce some ways of enjoying our spare time．B．To encourage people to have more active experiences．C．To explain reasons behind people's shopping behavior．D．To share his personal experience in consuming products．52．Say you're sitting around with some friends playing video games and someone mentions a game that happens to be one of your favorites．"Oh，that game's easy．So not worth the time，"one of your friends says．The others agree．Although you enjoy the game quite a lot，not wanting to argue with them，you go along with the crowd．You have just experienced what is commonly referred to as peer pressure〔同伴压力〕，also called peer influence．You will adopt a certain type of behavior，dress，or attitude in order to be accepted as part of a group of your"peers"．As a teen，you are likely to have experienced the effect of peer pressure in a number of different areas．We are all influenced by our peers at any age．For teens，as school and other activities take you away from home，you may spend more time with your friends than with your family．As you become more independent，your peers naturally play a greater role in your life．According to Dr．Casey from Cornell University，teens are very quick and accurate in making decisionson their own and in situations where they have time to think．However，when they make decisions in the heat of the moment or in social situations，their decisions are often influenced by factors like peers．In a recent study，teen volunteers played a video driving game，either alone or with friends watching．The researchers discovered that the number of risks teens took more than doubled when their friends were watching，compared with when they played alone．This shows that teens may find it more difficult to control risky behavior when their friends are around，or in situations where they are extremely angry．Just as people can influence us to make unwise choices，they can also influence us to make good ones．A teen might join in a volunteer project because his or her friends are doing it，or get good grades because his or her friends think getting good grades is important．In fact，friends often encourage each other to study，or try out for sports．While we are always influenced by those around us，the decision to act or not is up to us．So when it comes to decision making，the choice is up to you．52．According to the passage，Dr．Casey probably agrees that teens．A．like to play driving games with their friendsB．prefer situations where they have time to thinkC．may take more risks when their friends are aroundD．are slow in making decisions when they are on their own53．The words"in the heat of the moment"in Paragraph 4probably mean""．A．when teens avoid possible risksB．when teens trust their judgmentC．when teens lose control over their angerD．when teens give consideration to situations54．What can we learn from the passage？A．Teens are eager to be different from their peers．B．Peer pressure has effects on both teens and adults．C．Peer pressure does more harm than good to teens．D．Tees think it challenging to get good grades at school．55．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？A．Peer Pressure：Is It Necessary to Deal with It？B．Peer Pressure：Is It Possible to Get Away from It？C．Peer Pressure：Its Benefits to Teens and Friend MakingD．Peer Pressure：Its Influence on Teens and Decision Making．七、阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项．每个选项只能用一次．〔共10 分，每题2 分〕56．From the Other SideLara and Tara are twins．〔56〕but they are very different in everything else．For example，hot food is Lara's favorite，and Tara has a sweet choice．However，this isn't the problem with the twin girls．They always argued that the opposite one was wrong．〔57〕，while Tara insisted that mornings were fresh and it was difficult to stay up till midnight．〔58〕．To put an end to their fights，their parents decided to create a small drama．They wanted the girls to understand that they were both correct from their own point of view．Their parents covered the girls'eyes with black ribbons，and brought them to the dining room．〔59〕Lara was asked to stand on one side of the board and Tara on the other．They couldn't see the other side of it．When the ribbons were taken away，they were surprised to see a huge board between them．Now，their father asked Lara，"What's the color of the board？"She replied，"It's black!"〔60〕．She replied，"It's white!"The two girls began to argue again．While Lara was confident it was black，Tara was sure it was white．Then，they were asked to exchange〔交换〕their places．They couldn't believe theireyes．Tara，who insisted it was a white board，saw a black one．Similarly，Lara，who argued the board was black，was shocked to see a white one．They understood that each of them was right in her own view．Most of us are like Lara and Tara．We are right most times，but insist that others are wrong!A．They look like each otherB．For years，their arguments continuedC．Their mother asked Tara the same questionD．In the room，a big board was placed in the middleE．Lara thought it was terrible to get up early in the morning．八、阅读短文，根据短文内容答复以下问题．〔共10 分，每题2 分〕61．What's in a Name？Many American names come from England．But where did most English names come from？Centuries ago，most people in England had only one name﹣﹣their first name．In the 11th century，five or six of the 50people in a village might be named William，and it was easy to get confused．But in the Middle Ages，people found a way to describe each person exactly．If there were four Williams in one village，one might be referred to as William the son of John．A second might be called William from the hill．A third，William the blacksmith〔铁匠〕．And a fourth，William the brown haired．In conversation，people might refer to the four Williams as William John's son，William hill，William smith，and William brown．It was 300or 400years before the extra 〔附加的〕names gradually developed into last names，or surnames．They were passed on from generation to generation．By the 1300s，Robert，the son of William smith，had the name Robert smith，even if he was not a blacksmith like his father．As the last name became widely accepted，the first letter was capitalized，as in Robert Smith．By the 15th century，most people of the upper and middle classes had surnames．Many surnames were based on father﹣son relations．The"son of"part was added to the father's first name，like Johnson，meaning John's son．Sometimes it was shortened to just"s"，as in Jones or Evans．Surnames like Hill described the place where a person lived．They are the most common type of surname．A third kind of surname was based on a person's job．Forester was someone who looked afterthe forest．In the Middle Ages，occupation names such as Baker，Carpenter，and Miller became common．The fourth kind of surname was nickname〔绰号〕．A man whose surname was Bear might be as fierce as a bear．Have you ever wondered why some surnames are so common？The most common surname in the English language is Smith．Being able to make metals〔金属〕into tools was an important skill in the Middle Ages，and many people were trained as blacksmiths．The most common American surnames are Smith，Johnson，William and Brown．61．Where do many American names come from？62．When did people find a way to describe each person exactly？63．How long did it take for extra names to develop into last names？64．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about？65．Why were many people trained blacksmith in the Middle Ages？。

2023年中考英语真题完全解读（北京卷）2023年北京市初中学业水平考试英语学科试题（以下简称“2023年初中学考英语试题”）的命制，全面贯彻《深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》的要求，在“双减”背景下，基于北京市学业水平考试“两考合一”的功能定位，以《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》（以下简称《英语课程标准》）为依据，落实立德树人根本任务，坚持“以稳为主，稳中求进”的原则，紧密联系教材和课堂教学，以学定考，学考一致。

一、价值立意，润物无声2023年初中学考英语试题努力落实立德树人根本任务，构建引导学生德智体美劳全面发展的考试内容体系。

试题选材注重价值立意，倡导五育并举、全面育人。

例如：完形填空故事中的作者秉着“Be what’s missing”的处事原则，通过自己的友善之举，让原本冷漠的服务员脸上洋溢着微笑。

考生在阅读和答题的过程中感受人物的情绪变化，感悟做人、做事的道理。

阅读理解C篇从食物浪费问题的严峻性入手，针对该问题提出解决办法。

文章旨在引导考生节约粮食，传承勤俭节约的中华民族传统美德。

阅读表达选文讲述了一个现代人停用手机前后的变化，引导学生对手机使用问题进行反思，旨在鼓励学生培养健康的生活习惯，合理使用手机。

此外，试题其他部分也包含了智育、体育、美育、劳动教育、我国科技成就以及传统文化等方面的情境。

试题以价值立意，“润物无声”，积极发挥价值引领作用，促进学生德智体美劳全面发展。

二、素养导向，反拨教学2023年初中学考英语试题依据《英语课程标准》命题，命题过程中注重创设情境，在真实情境中考查学生在解决真实问题、完成真实任务的过程中体现出的学科素养。

试题着重考查学生的综合语言运用能力，以适当的形式考查学生对具体语言知识的掌握情况，以融合的方式考查学生的情感态度、学习策略和文化意识，体现对思维品质的考查，以促进学生心智发展。

1．注重主题引领，依托语篇创设情境，考查解决问题能力试题注重以主题为引领，依托语篇创设情境，考查学生理解不同类型语篇的能力。

2019年北京市中考英语试题及参考答案与解析（满分60分，考试时间90分钟）知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．1．Mr．Wang is coming to our school．I can't wait to see ．（）A．her B．him C．it D．them2．We planted some flowers the garden yesterday．（）A．on B．to C．in D．of3．- Excuse me，is this T-shirt？- It's 88 yuan．（）A．how much B．how many C．how long D．how old4．- Lily，you finish the letter in ten minutes？- Yes，I can．（）A．must B．should C．need D．can5．This cap is nice，it doesn't look good on me．（）A．for B．so C．but D．or6．Julie takes good care of the family dog．She is than her brother．（）A．patient B．more patient C．most patient D．the most patient7．Sam with his friends every weekend．（）A．skates B．is skating C．has skated D．was skating8．- Tom，what's your dad doing？- He my bike．（）A．repairs B．will repair C．has repaired D．is repairing9．Our school life a lot since 2017．We have more activities now．（）A．changes B．changed C．will change D．has changed10．If you want to visit the Palace Museum，I tickets for you tomorrow．（）A．will book B．booked C．have booked D．was booking11．My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday．（）A．accepts B．accepted C．was accepted D．is accepted12．- Did you notice in her office？- Yes．She was going over our writing．（）A．what was Miss Lin doing B．what Miss Lin was doingC．what does Miss Lin do D．what Miss Lin does二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago，when our class election（选举）started，I decided to run forclass president．I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people，so Ifelt it easy to win．But I was 13 that people would feel bad for me if I lost．I was busy preparing in the following week．My plan wasn't to make promisesto do things I couldn't 14 but to show my class why I wanted to bepresident．I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom．I also spent threehours writing my speech，saying that I was the one they could turn to wheneverthey had a problem．Since I was 15 prepared，I felt that my chances of winning were strong．However，when I gave my speech on Election Day，the response （反应）wasn't what I had 16 ．Few people actually listened．When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn，everyone was screaming his name．His speech was short，but all to the point．By then，I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer．It was obvious who would 17 ．For the rest of the day，I felt like it was over．I wanted to just go home and cry，but I made it through．My 18 was right：I didn't win．The next day，people were still talking about the election．I just pretended （假装）not to hear．But later，things got better．People 19 about the election and talked to me just as they did before．I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect．And moments of failure like this build 20 -since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．13．A．bored B．afraid C．excited D．hopeful14．A．compare B．remember C．manage D．repeat15．A．fully B．quickly C．freshly D．physically16．A．feared B．faced C．mentioned D．pictured17．A．insist B．return C．wait D．win18．A．suggestion B．prediction C．direction D．introduction19．A．forgot B．wrote C．cared D．discussed20．A．trust B．pride C．character D．support阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．（共26分，每小题2分）AExperiencing ChinaMike，CanadaI spent three months with my host family（接待家庭）in China．It was a lifetime experience．I was able to experience Chinese living and culture，from basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera．I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital．Now I have a better understanding of Chinese culture．Joanna，AustraliaI stayed with my host family for five months．My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted．With her help，my Chinese has improved a lot．And I have got used to a new culture．My favorite part of the experience was sharing my feelings in China with her．Bill，AmericaMy host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes．They are tasty and I like them very much．Just like me，my host parents love to learn about different cultures．They often ask me questions about life in America．Cindy，GermanyRecently I took part in a program to study Chinese．I lived with a host family in China for six months．My host sister is a really hardworking student．It was amazing to see how she made progress in English．And a close relationship has developed between us．21．Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？（）A．Mike．B．Joanna．C．Bill．D．Cindy．22．How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？（）A．Three months．B．Four months．C．Five months．D．Six months．23．Cindy thinks her host sister is ．（）A．a wonderful cook B．a responsible doctorC．a warm-hearted teacher D．a hardworking studentBBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else．This spring she thought ofbuilding a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．So she asked her dad forhelp．"Well，" he said．"How about this：you do some research first andthen come back to me with a design．"A week later，Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad．She named her go-kart "Blue Lightning"．Dad looked over her work，thinking．"Well，that's interesting，" he said．"Have a try．Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed．"Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．Sally agreed．After she did that，Sally drove back to Dad．"Well，" she said．"Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive．""Oh，do you？" he said．"Please share．""When I drove fast，there was a lot of push back，" she said．"I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电）shape．""Very good!" Dad said．"So，why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place？" Sally asked．Dad laughed．"Where's the fun in that？If you give a man a fish，he'll eat for a day．But if you teach a man to fish，he'll eat for a lifetime．"Sally said，"I see．Anyway，designing is half the fun !"Dad smiled．"Good．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way．"That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder．When she showed Dad her new go-kart，he nodded with pride．Finally came the race．Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win-in her mind，she had already won，by building something better than ever before．24．Sally thought of building a go-kart to ．（）A．practice driving B．enter for a race C．play with friends D．do some research 25．What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart？（）A．To have a test drive．B．To take a good rest．C．To give it a cool name．D．To paint it light blue．26．Sally's story mainly tells us that ．（）A．winning a race is important B．fishing brings us a lot of funC．driving experience is necessary D．learning happens during the processCSometimes it seems that time is flying．Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way．Our experience of time can be possibly changed．By understanding the psychological （心理学的）processes behind our different experiences of time，we might be able to slow down time a little．One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触）to new environments and experiences．The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process．The more information our minds take in，the slower time seems to pass．It follows，then，that we have different experiences of time in different situations．In some situations，our life is full of new experiences．Our minds process a lot of information and time seems to slow down．In other situations，we have fewer new experiences and the world around us becomes more and more familiar （熟悉的）．We become insensitive to our experience，which means we process less information，and time seems to speed up．How can we slow down time？Here are two suggestions．Firstly，since we know that familiarity makes time pass faster，we can expose ourselves to as manynew experiences as possible．We can give ourselves new challenges，meet new people，and expose our minds to new information，hobbies and skills．This will increase the amount of information our minds process and expand （增加）our experience of time．Secondly，and perhaps most effectively，we can give our whole attention to an experience-to what we are seeing，feeling，tasting，smelling or hearing．This means living through our senses rather than through our thoughts．For example，on the way home，focus your attention outside of yourself，instead of thinking about the problems you have to deal with．Look at the sky，or at the buildings you pass，traveling among them．This open attitude to your experiences helps take in more information and also has a time-expanding effect．To a certain degree，we can understand and control our experience of time passing．It's possible for us to slow down time by expanding our experience of time．27．According to the writer，we can expand our experience of time by ．（）A．going to bed on time B．traveling to new placesC．having dinner as usual D．printing the same materials28．What can we learn from the passage？（）A．Being familiar with the world around helps us get more information．B．Understanding psychological time makes life pass more quickly．C．We can take in more information by living through our senses．D．We should build a stronger relationship between time and us．29．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？（）A．Slow Down Time B．Only Time Will TellC．Race Against Time D．Time Will Not Come TwiceDHow Much Can We Afford to Forget？In 2018，Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools shouldteach students．Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts andhave more space for creative activities．As the Internet grows more powerful，students can access （获得）knowledge easily．Why should they be required tocarry so much of it around in their heads？Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary．In the Agricultural （农业的）Age，a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills．When societies industrialized，the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget．Nowadays，smart machines give us access to most human knowledge．It seems that we no longer need to remember most things．Does it matter？Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen．For one，human beings have biases （偏见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases．Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective，but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process．In the process，human beings still decide on the correct answers．Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information．When there were no computers，efforts were required to get knowledge from other people，or go to the library．We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books，and what lies in our heads．But today，the Internet gives us the information we need quickly．This can lead to the mistaken belief-the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along．In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence，we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored．But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily．The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well-being（健康）depends upon，such as food and energy，would produce terrible results．Without food we get hungry；without energy we feel cold．And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age．We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills．As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks，and can be found when we need them，perhaps they're not really forgotten．Still，as time goes on，we gradually but unquestionably become strangers to future people．30．Why are smart machines likely to increase our biases？（）A．Because they go off course in testing and scoring．B．Because we control the training process on them，C．Because we offer them too much information．D．Because they overuse the provided answers．31．The ease of accessing information from the Internet ．（）A．frees us from making efforts to learn new skillsB．prevents civilizations from being lost at a high speedC．misleads us into thinking we already knew the knowledgeD．separates the facts we have from those in the smart machines32．The word "collapse" in Paragraph 5 probably means “”．（）A．a sudden failure B．the basic rule C．a disappointing start D．the gradual development 33．What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？A．To question about the standards of information storage．B．To discuss our problems of communication with machines．C．To stress the importance of improving our memorizing ability．D．To remind us of the risk of depending on machines to remember．四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题．（共10分，每小题2分）Huge Waves Destroying Arctic Ice Faster than ExpectedIce covers much of the Arctic Ocean（北冰洋）．Some pieces of ice are huge，like moving islands．As temperatures have increased，however，some of the ice has begun to disappear．Scientists have discovered huge waves（海浪）in the arctic waters．The waves were discovered by accident in May，2010．Scientist Aleksey Marchenko and his students set out on a trip．They wanted to study the icy waters．On May 2，the ship traveled east and stopped next to a largechunk of ice．around 50 miles from the small island of Hopen．Marchenko prepared to lead his students out onto the Ice"We were ready to go but when I went out，I discovered many cracks（裂缝）around，" he remembers．He decided to move the ship deeper into the ice to keep safe．The farther in they went，he thought，the harder the ice would become．As they pushed forward，however，the ship experienced small waves，and then bigger ones．Soon，the waves broke up the ice around the ship into thousands of smaller pieces．Within an hour，Marchenko and his team saw a wave that was about 13 feet high．The ship's navigation（航行）system finally recorded the largest waves．They were more than 20 feet in height．The waves were so strong that they forced huge pieces of ice to jump up and down，breaking the ice into smaller pieces within just one hour．Scientists had never imagined that the process could happen so fast．The waves in these areas used to be small．The speed and force of the huge waves there makes it impossible to know in advance when they are coming．That could be dangerous for navigators and local communities who are unprepared for huge waves or depend on sea ice to protect them．Wildlife like polar bears and walruses that depend on sea ice to live is also in danger．Some scientists think people will soon see even bigger waves in these icy waters．As waves break up ice，the seas will become more open，and the waves will get even stronger．There are stormy times ahead．34．When did Marchenko and his students discover huge waves in the arcticwaters？35．Why did Marchenko and his students set out on the trip？（）36．What did Marchenko decide to do to keep safe？（）37．How high were the largest waves recorded by the navigation system？（）38．What is Paragraph 7 mainly about？（）书面表达（共10分）五、文段表达（10分）39．从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作．文中已给出内容不计入总词数．所给提示词语仅供选用．请不要写出你的校名和姓名．题目①假如你是李华，你们学校正在开展"安全月"宣传活动，倡议大家制作关于安全教育的主题海报，你们班交换生Peter给你发邮件询问相关事情．请用英语回复一封邮件，告诉他海报上交的时间，并分享你设计海报的一些想法．提示词语：design，safety rule，careful，protect，picture提示问题：●When should you hand in the poster？●What would you like to share with Peter about designing the poster？题目②自律，即自我约束，是自我提升的一种途径，有助于我们成长，促使我们不断前行．某英文网站正在开展以"自律"为主题的征文活动．假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈为了增强自律意识，你做过什么，以及这样做给你带来的好处．提示词语：self-disciplined（自律的），plan，goal，habit，improve提示问题：●What did you do to be self-disciplined？●What benefits have you got from doing so？参考答案与解析知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．1．Mr．Wang is coming to our school．I can't wait to see ．（）A．her B．him C．it D．them【知识考点】人称代词．【思路分析】王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．【解答过程】根据I can't wait to see 可知用宾格作see的宾语，Mr．Wang 指男性单数，用him代替，句意：王先生要来我们学校．我等不及要见他．故选：B．【总结归纳】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答2．We planted some flowers the garden yesterday．（）A．on B．to C．in D．of【知识考点】方位介词．【思路分析】昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．【解答过程】on"在…之上、在…时候"；in"在…之内"；of"…的、由…组成的"；to"朝、到、对于"，四者都是介词．on用于具体的时间．由题干"昨天我们在花园里种了一些花．"可知，空格是"在…之内"，用in，因此答案应是in．故选：C．【总结归纳】本题考查时间介词的用法，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答．3．- Excuse me，is this T-shirt？- It's 88 yuan．（）A．how much B．how many C．how long D．how old【知识考点】数量（how many/how much）．【思路分析】打扰一下，这件t恤多少钱？- 88元．【解答过程】考查数量．A．how much提问不可数名词，价格等；B．how many提问可数名词复数；C．how long多久，提问时间段；D．how old多大，提问年龄．根据It's 88 yuan．可知问的是价格，应说这件t恤多少钱？故选：A．【总结归纳】仔细分析句子的结构，根据It's 88 yuan．结合选项作答．4．- Lily，you finish the letter in ten minutes？- Yes，I can．（）A．must B．should C．need D．can【知识考点】情态动词．【思路分析】--莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？--是的，我能．【解答过程】根据回答Yes，I can可知疑问句以can开头，句意：莉莉，你能在十分钟内写完这封信吗？故选：D．【总结归纳】情态动词的考查是初中英语考查的重点，平时学习中一定要熟记这些词的基本词义及用法上的不同，注意其用法及在句子中表达语气的不同．考试中结合语境选择合适答案．5．This cap is nice，it doesn't look good on me．（）A．for B．so C．but D．or【知识考点】连词辨析．【思路分析】这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看．【解答过程】A表示为了，B表示所以，C表示但是，D表示或者、否则．根据题干可知这个帽子很好看，但是我戴上不好看，句子前后是转折关系．故选：C．【总结归纳】本题考查连词辨析，基础题，熟悉所给连词的含义，再根据题干即可作出选择．6．Julie takes good care of the family dog．She is than her brother．（）A．patient B．more patient C．most patient D．the most patient【知识考点】形容词的比较级和最高级．【思路分析】朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．【解答过程】根据句意：朱莉把家里的狗照顾的很好．她比她的弟弟更有耐心．than是比较级的标志．选项B符合题意．故选：B．【总结归纳】熟悉形容词比较级和最高级的用法，结合题意，给出答案．7．Sam with his friends every weekend．（）A．skates B．is skating C．has skated D．was skating【知识考点】实义动词的单数第三人称形式．【思路分析】Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．【解答过程】根据句意：Sam 每个周末都跟他的朋友们滑冰．可知时态是一般现在时，主语Sam用动词三单式．故选：A．【总结归纳】熟悉实义动词三单式用法，结合题意，给出答案8．- Tom，what's your dad doing？- He my bike．（）A．repairs B．will repair C．has repaired D．is repairing【知识考点】现在进行时．【思路分析】--汤姆，你爸爸在干什么？--他在修自行车．【解答过程】根据问句what's your dad doing？可知答句用现在进行时，be（am，is，are）+现在分词，句意：他在修自行车．故选：D．【总结归纳】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答9．Our school life a lot since 2017．We have more activities now．（）A．changes B．changed C．will change D．has changed【知识考点】现在完成时．【思路分析】自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动，【解答过程】根据句意"自2007年以来，我们的学校生活发生了很大变化．我们现在有更多的活动"和since 2017可知，要用现在完成时，其构成为have/ has done．故选：D．【总结归纳】考查现在完成时，要牢记现在完成时的构成及用法．10．If you want to visit the Palace Museum，I tickets for you tomorrow．（）A．will book B．booked C．have booked D．was booking【知识考点】主从复合句．【思路分析】如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票．【解答过程】根据句意"如果你想去故宫博物院，我明天就给你订票"和时间状语tomorrow可知，主句要用一般将来时，条件状语从句要用一般现在时代替一般将来时，选项BCD都不符合语法．故选：A．【总结归纳】考查主从复合句，要根据句意或提示词，判断时态，选用合适的引导词．11．My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday．（）A．accepts B．accepted C．was accepted D．is accepted【知识考点】一般过去时的被动语态．【思路分析】我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．【解答过程】主语my advice与动词accept是被动关系，根据last Monday用一般过去时的被动语态，was/were +过去分词，句意：我关于如何节约纸张的建议上星期一被我的班级接受了．故选：C．【总结归纳】解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态准确作答12．- Did you notice in her office？- Yes．She was going over our writing．（）A．what was Miss Lin doing B．what Miss Lin was doingC．what does Miss Lin do D．what Miss Lin does【知识考点】宾语从句．【思路分析】--你注意到林小姐在办公室里干什么了吗？--是的．她正在看我们的作品．【解答过程】考查宾语从句．宾语从句中，从句通常用陈述语序，排除AC．从She was going over our writing．判断句子使用过去进行时，构成were/was+Ving．故选：B．【总结归纳】此题考查宾语从句，在熟知宾语从句法的基础上，结合具体题目，仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项．Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago，when our class election（选举）started，I decided to run forclass president．I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people，so Ifelt it easy to win．But I was 13 that people would feel bad for me if I lost．I was busy preparing in the following week．My plan wasn't to make promisesto do things I couldn't 14 but to show my class why I wanted to bepresident．I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom．I also spent threehours writing my speech，saying that I was the one they could turn to wheneverthey had a problem．Since I was 15 prepared，I felt that my chances of winning were strong．However，when I gave my speech on Election Day，the response （反应）wasn't what I had16 ．Few people actually listened．When it was my opponent's （对手的）turn，everyone was screaming his name．His speech was short，but all to the point．By then，I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer．It was obvious who would 17 ．For the rest of the day，I felt like it was over．I wanted to just go home and cry，but I made it through．My 18 was right：I didn't win．The next day，people were still talking about the election．I just pretended （假装）not to hear．But later，things got better．People 19 about the election and talked to me just as they did before．I don't regret putting time and energy into the election because I've learned that things aren't always going the way I expect．And moments of failure like this build 20 -since then I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．13．A．bored B．afraid C．excited D．hopeful14．A．compare B．remember C．manage D．repeat15．A．fully B．quickly C．freshly D．physically16．A．feared B．faced C．mentioned D．pictured17．A．insist B．return C．wait D．win18．A．suggestion B．prediction C．direction D．introduction19．A．forgot B．wrote C．cared D．discussed20．A．trust B．pride C．character D．support【知识考点】记叙文．【思路分析】我信心满满的参与竞选班长，准备很长时间，准备的很充分．在竞选的那一天，同学们对我不是欢迎．结果我落选了．我从中受益良多．【解答过程】13．B考查形容词．bored无聊的；afraid害怕的；excited兴奋的；hopeful有希望的．根据下文"that people would feel bad for me if I lost"因此可知这句话的意思是"但是我又害怕如果我落选的话，人们会为我感到难过．"故选B．14．C考查动词．compare比较；remember记住；manage设法做到；repeat重复．根据"My plan wasn't to make promises to do things I couldn't （14）_____but to show my class why I wanted to be president．" 通过分析句子结构可知这句话的意思是"我的计划不是许诺我设法做到什么事情而只是向同学们表面我想当班长．"故选C．15．A考查副词．fully满满地；quickly快地；freshly新鲜地；physically身体上地．根据上文"I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom．I also spent three hours writing my speech，saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem．"因此可知这句话的意思是"既然我做了充分地准备，我觉得我获胜的机会更大了．"故选A．16．D考查动词．feared害怕；faced面对；mentioned提及；pictured想象．根据"I felt that my chances of winning were strong．"以及"the response （反应）wasn't "因此可知这句话的意思是"然而，在竞选的那天我演讲的时候，反应并不是我想象的那样．"故选D．17．D考查动词．insist坚持；return返回；wait等待；win获胜．根据下文" I wanted to just go homeand cry"因此可知这句话的意思是"谁会获胜是很明显的．"故选D．18．B考查名词．suggestion建议；prediction预测；direction方向；introduction介绍．根据空格后面的词语是was right：I didn't win．因此可知这句话的意思是"我的预测是正确的：我没有获胜．" 19．A考查动词．forgot忘记；wrote写；cared关心；discussed讨论．根据上文" But later，things got better．"以及"talked to me just as they did before"因此可知这句话的意思是"人们忘记了选举的时期，和我说话和以前一样了．"故选A．20．C考查名词．trust信任；pride自豪；character性格；support支持．根据"I've learned to face disappointment and grown stronger．"因此可知这句话的意思是"失败的时刻就像性格的养成一样，自从那以后，我就学会了如何面对失望和变得更强大．"故选C．【总结归纳】首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，从中找出最符合短文的选项，就可以确定正确答案．阅读理解（共36分）三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项．（共26分，每小题2分）AExperiencing China21．Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital？（）A．Mike．B．Joanna．C．Bill．D．Cindy．22．How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China？（）A．Three months．B．Four months．C．Five months．D．Six months．23．Cindy thinks her host sister is ．（）A．a wonderful cook B．a responsible doctorC．a warm-hearted teacher D．a hardworking student【知识考点】人物故事类阅读．【思路分析】文章主要讲了3个外国学生在中国的学习经历．【解答过程】21．A．细节理解题．根据I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital 我甚至参观了一家著名的中医医院，结合表格内容，可知是Mike参观了一家著名的中医医院，故选A．22．C．细节理解题．根据I stayed with my host family for five months我和我的寄宿家庭呆了五个月，可知是5个月，故选C．23．D．细节理解题．根据My host sister is a really hardworking student，可知她认为寄宿家庭的姐姐是一个非常用功的学生，故选D．【总结归纳】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．BBlue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else．This spring she thought ofbuilding a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．So she asked her dad forhelp．"Well，" he said．"How about this：you do some research first andthen come back to me with a design．"A week later，Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad．She named her go-kart "Blue Lightning"．Dad looked over her work，thinking．"Well，that's interesting，" he said．"Have a try．Just build Blue Lightning as you've designed．"Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．Sally agreed．After she did that，Sally drove back to Dad．"Well，" she said．"Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive．""Oh，do you？" he said．"Please share．""When I drove fast，there was a lot of push back，" she said．"I think it's because of the lightning bolt （闪电）shape．""Very good!" Dad said．"So，why didn't you tell me about that problem in the first place？" Sally asked．Dad laughed．"Where's the fun in that？If you give a man a fish，he'll eat for a day．But if you teach a man to fish，he'll eat for a lifetime．"Sally said，"I see．Anyway，designing is half the fun !"Dad smiled．"Good．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way．"That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder．When she showed Dad her new go-kart，he nodded with pride．Finally came the race．Sally wasn't worried about whether she would win-in her mind，she had already won，by building something better than ever before．24．Sally thought of building a go-kart to ．（）A．practice driving B．enter for a race C．play with friends D．do some research 25．What did Sally's dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart？（）A．To have a test drive．B．To take a good rest．C．To give it a cool name．D．To paint it light blue．26．Sally's story mainly tells us that ．（）A．winning a race is important B．fishing brings us a lot of funC．driving experience is necessary D．learning happens during the process【知识考点】人物故事类阅读．【思路分析】这篇文章，通过Sally制作卡丁车的小故事，告诉我们凡事要去动手做，在做的过程中，我们一定会有所收获．【解答过程】24．B 细节理解题．线索句为：This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race．意为"今年春天她打算做一个卡丁车参加卡丁车赛．"结合句意可知，Sally做卡丁车的目的，就是为了参加比赛，故选：B．25．A 细节理解题．线索句为：Over three weekends of hard work，Sally turned her design into a real，working go-kart and painted it light blue．Dad asked her to take it for a test drive．意为"在三个多星期的艰苦工作之后，Sally把她的设计变成了一辆真正的、能够运转的卡丁车，并且把它涂成了浅蓝色．父亲叫她带它做第一次试驾．"，结合句意可知，在她做完了卡丁车之后，她的父亲叫她测试驾驶，故选：A．26．D 主旨大意题．线索句为：Good．Sometimes，learning happens during the process．意为"很好，有时候，在作事的过程中，我们就会学到东西．"结合句意可知，学习发生在作事的过程之中，故选：D．【总结归纳】面对此类试题，要擅长从文中找出解答的线索，同时，要掌握全文大意，结合文意进行作答．CSometimes it seems that time is flying．Perhaps it doesn't need to feel this way．Our experience of time can be possibly changed．By understanding the psychological （心理学的）processes behind our different experiences of time，we might be able to slow down time a little．One basic law of psychological time is that time seems to slow down when we're exposed（接触）to new environments and experiences．The law is caused by the relationship between our experience of time and the amount of information our minds process．The more information our minds take in，the slower time seems to pass．It follows，then，that we have different experiences of time in different situations．In some situations，。

义务教育基础课程初中教学资料2016年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试题学校姓名准考证号考生须知1.本试卷共13页，满分120分。

考试时间120分钟。

2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。

3.试题答案一律填涂在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

5.考试结束后，将本试卷、答题卡和草稿纸一并交回。

听力理解（共30分）一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。

每段对话你将听两遍。

（共5分，每小题1分）二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

(共15分，每小题1.5分)请听一段对话，完成第6至第7小题。

6. What does the man want to buy?A. A coat.B. A T-shirt.C. A jacket.7. What color does the man like?A. Red.B. White.C. Blue.请听一段对话，完成第8至第9小题。

8. How old is the girl’s brother?A. Eight.B. Nine.C. Ten.9. What does the girl’s dad do?A. A history teacher.B. A taxi driver.C. A fire fighter.请听一段对话，完成第10至第11小题。

10. What sport did the boy do last week?A. Baseball.B. Ping-Pong.C. Volleyball.11. When will the speakers go to the sports center?A. Next Monday.B. Next Tuesday.C. Next Thursday.请听一段对话，完成第12至第13小题。

北京市高级中档学校招生考试英语试卷姓名准考证号考场号座位号知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每题0.5分）从下面各题所给旳A、B、C、D个选项中，选择可以填入空白处旳最佳选项。

1. My brother and I like football. play it together once a week.A. IB. TheyC. WeD. You2. Happy birthday, Peter! Here’s a gift you.A. forB. inC. withD. from3. ——do you usually go to school, Mary?——By bike.A. WhenB. HowC. WhereD. Why4. Many people like pandas they are cute.A. thoughB. ifC. whileD. because5. I go now, or I'll miss my train.A. canB. mightC. mustD. could6. Tony is of the three boys, but he is the tallest.A. youngB. youngerC. youngestD. the youngest7. Bill likes reading. He picture books with his dad every evening.A. readB. readsC. is readingD. has read8. ——Paul, what were you doing at nine Last night?——I a movie in the cinema with my friends.A. was watchingB. watchC. have watchedD. will watch9. David a tennis player,He to play tennis when he was six years o1d.A. beginsB. will beginC. beganD. has begun10. ——Lucy, is your uncle a teacher?——Yes,he is.He history for nearly 20 years.A. teachesB. has taughtC. is teachingD. will teach11. A new international airport in the city next year.A. completesB. is completedC. will completeD. will be completed12. ——Alice, could you tell me London?——Sure. Last SundayA.when Mr.Smith leftB. when Mr.Smith wi11 leaveC. when did Mr.Smith leaveD. when will Mr.Smith leave二、完形填空（共8分，每题1分）阅读下面旳短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给旳旳A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。

北京市2014年中考英语说明及解读I・考试范围英语学科考试以教育部颁布的《全日制义务教育普通髙级屮学英语课程标准（实验稿）》（以下简称《英语课程标准》）五级目标要求所规圭的学习内容为考试范鬧。

『考试内容和要求英语学科考试旨在全面考竇初中毕业生在义务教育阶段所掌握的综合语言运用能力（含语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识儿其中*对语育技能的考杳包括听、说、读、写四项内容（详见语言技能细目表）；对语言知识*的考査包括语音、词汇、语法、功能意念和话题五项内容（详见语言知识细目表）；对情感态度、学习策略和文化意识的考査将渗透在语言知识与语言技能的考査中。

*对语言知识的能力要求分为° 了解”、“理解”和“拿握円三个层次。

L 了解能够对號语课程标淮》五级目标耍求的语言知识有初步的、感性的认识，知道这些谱盲知识的基本规律及Jt基本含义貯2・理解能够对《捷语课程标淮》五级目标鏗求的语吉知识及其所构成的语育材料进行理性分析,理解其语古现象所衣达的竞义°3.拿握能够运用《英语课程标准》五级且标要求的语言基础知识庄具体语境屮解决实际问题。

95i100101100101100HL试卷结构试卷分数、考试时间试卷满分为120分考试吋间为120分钟二.试卷的内容.题型及分数分配三和试卷的试题难易程度试卷由较易试题、中等难度试题和较难试题组成，总体难度适中。

101IV.参考样题为让考生对中考试题获取一定的认识，我们精选了部分题编制成参考样题。

参考样題与2014年北京市中考试题在测试内容和题R 难度方面均没有对应关系。

听力理解一、听对话，从下面齐题所给的A、B. C三幅图片屮选择与对话内容相符的图片口每段对话你将听两遍。

A.102101101二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独口的内容，从下面各题所给的人、队C 三个选项中选择最佳选项。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

请听•段对话，完成第5至第6小题口Which page will Kate read?请听一段对话，完成第7至第8小题。

2025年北京市英语中考仿真试卷及解答参考一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Listen to the following conversation and choose the best answer to complete the sentence.A. They are discussing a book they recently read.B. They are planning a trip together.C. They are reviewing their study notes for an exam.Question: What are the speakers mainly talking about?Answer: BExplanation: The conversation is about the speakers planning a trip together, which is option B.2、Listen to the following dialogue and answer the question.W: I really can’t concentrate on my studies. There’s too much noise outside.M: Have you tried using noise-canceling headphones?Question: What is the woman’s main problem?Answer: She can’t concentrate on her studies due to the noise out side.Explanation: In the dialogue, the woman explicitly states that she can’t concentrate on her studies because of the noise outside, which is why the answer is her main problem.3、You will hear a short conversation between two friends at a bookstore. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the question that follows.Question: What book is the man looking for?A. A novel by Jane Austen.B. A science book for his studies.C. A guidebook for traveling in Europe.Answer: BExplanation: The man mentions that he needs a book for his science class, indicating that he is looking for a science book, not a novel or a travel guide.4、Listen to a short monologue about the importance of exercise. Answer the question that follows.Question: According to the speaker, what is one of the main benefits of regular exercise?A. Improved memory.B. Enhanced creativity.C. Better sleep quality.Answer: CExplanation: The speaker specifically mentions that regular exercise can lead to better sleep quality, which is one of the main benefits of engaging in physical activity on a regular basis.5.What are the speakers discussing?A. The weather forecast for the next few days.B. The importance of studying English.C. Their plans for the weekend.D. The benefits of physical exercise.Answer: AExplanation: In this conversation, the speakers are discussing the weather forecast for the next few days. They mention the temperature and whether it will rain or shine, making option A the correct answer.6.What is the main reason the man suggests going to the park?A. He wants to spend time with his friends.B. He wants to enjoy the fresh air and sunshine.C. He wants to improve his basketball skills.D. He wants to attend a sports event.Answer: BExplanation: The man suggests going to the park because he wants to enjoy the fresh air and sunshine. This is evident when he says, “I think it would be a great idea to go to the park today. The weather is so nice and we can just relax and enjoy the outdoors.” Non e of the other options are mentioned in the conversation, making option B the correct answer.7、You will hear a conversation between two friends discussing their weekend plans. Listen carefully and answer the question.Question: What activity does the woman suggest they do together?A) Go to the movies.B) Visit a museum.C) Have a picnic in the park.D) Go shopping.Answer: C) Have a picnic in the park.Explanation: In the conversation, the woman says, “How about we have a picnic in the park this weekend?” This indicates that she suggests having a picnic as their shared activity.8、Listen to a short dialogue between a teacher and a student about a school project. Identify the main issue discussed.Question: What is the main issue the student is facing with the project?A) The project deadline is too close.B) The student is not sure about the topic.C) The student has no access to the necessary resources.D) The student is unable to find a group member.Answer: C) The student has no access to the necessary resources.Explanation: In the dialogue, the student expresses concern about not being able to access the library or use the computer lab, which are essential resources for completing the project. This is the main issue discussed.9、What does the woman suggest the man do about his presentation?A)He should practice more in front of his friends.B)He should read his notes instead of trying to speak freely.C)He should use visual aids to help him remember what to say.D)He should cancel the presentation because he is not prepared.Correct Answer: CExplanation: In the conversation, the woman suggests that using visual aids would help the man remember the key points of his presentation and reduce his anxiety about speaking freely without notes.10、How does the man feel about the upcoming presentation?A)Excited and eager to present.B)Nervous and unprepared.C)Confident and well-prepared.D)Indifferent and unconcerned.Correct Answer: BExplanation: The man expresses feeling nervous and unsure about his presentation, indicating that he feels unprepared despite having worked on it for some time.11.You will hear a conversation between two students discussing their weekend plans. Listen carefully and answer the following question.Question: What does the student suggest they do on Saturday afternoon?A. Go to the movies.B. Visit a museum.C. Have a picnic in the park.D. Take a cooking class.Answer: CExplanation: In the conversation, one of the students mentions, “How about we have a picnic in the park this Saturday afternoon? It’ll be nice to get somefresh air.”12.You will hear a short passage about the benefits of regular exercise. Listen carefully and answer the following question.Question: According to the passage, what is one of the main benefits of regular exercise?A. Improved memory.B. Increased risk of injury.C. Weight loss.D. Reduced stress.Answer: DExplanation: The passage states, “Regular exercise can help reduce stress and anxiety levels, making you feel more relaxed and happy.”13、In the dialogue between the shopkeeper and the customer, what does the customer want to buy?A. A pair of shoesB. A new bookC. A set of dishesAnswer: C. A set of dishesExplanation: In the recording, the customer mentions that they are looking for something to match their new kitchen decor, and after some discussion, it becomes clear that they are interested in purchasing a set of dishes.14、What time will the movie start according to the announcement?A. 7:15 PMB. 7:30 PMC. 7:45 PMAnswer: B. 7:30 PMExplanation: The announcement made in the theater specifies that the feature film will begin at 7:30 PM, following a short intermission and previews.15.You hear a conversation between two friends at a coffee shop. The man is ordering and the woman is assisting him.Man: [Unintelligible]Woman: [Unintelligible]Question: What does the man order?A) A coffeeB) A teaC) A sandwichD) A pastryAnswer: A) A coffeeExplanation: The man is heard saying something like “I’ll have a coffee, please,” indicating that he is ordering a coffee.16.You listen to a short lecture about the impact of social media on young adults.Professor: “One of the most significant e ffects of social media on young adults is the…”Question: What does the professor mention as a significant effect of social media on young adults?A) Improved communication skillsB) Increased self-esteemC) Decreased face-to-face interactionD) Enhanced creativityAnswer: C) Decreased face-to-face interactionExplanation: The professor’s statement suggests that the impact of social media is related to a reduction in direct social interaction, which is optionC. The other options are not supported by the context given.17、What does the woman imply about the weather?A. It’s going to rain soon.B. The weather forecast was wrong.C. The sun is shining brightly today.Conversation Transcript:M: Did you hear the weather report? They said it would be cloudy all day. W: Well, look outside. The sun is out, and it looks like a beautiful day!Answer: B. The weather forecast was wrong.Explanation: The woman implies that the weather forecast was incorrect because instead of being cloudy as predicted, the sun is shining.18、Where does this conversation most likely take place?A. In a library.B. At a coffee shop.C. On a university campus.Conversation Transcript:W: Can I help you find the book you’re looking for?M: Yes, I’m trying to find a reference book on ancient history. This is my first time here, and the shelves seem so confusing.Answer: A. In a library.Explanation:The mention of finding a book and the reference to the shelves being confusing suggests that the conversation is taking place in a library where someone is helping the man locate a reference book.19.You will hear a conversation between two friends discussing their weekend plans. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the following question: Question: What does the man plan to do on Saturday afternoon?A. He will go to the movies.B. He will visit his grandparents.C. He will have a picnic in the park.Answer: BExplanation: The man mentions that he is going to visit his grandparents in the conversation, so the correct answer is B.20.Listen to a short speech about the importance of recycling. Choose the best answer to the following question:Question: According to the speaker, which of the following is a significantbenefit of recycling?A. It helps reduce air pollution.B. It saves natural resources.C. It increases the amount of waste in landfills.Answer: BExplanation: The speaker emphasizes that recycling saves natural resources, such as trees, water, and minerals, which leads to the correct answer of B.二、阅读理解（30分）English Mid-term Examination PaperPart II: Reading ComprehensionPassage 1: The Benefits of ReadingReading is not just a pastime; it is an essential skill that benefits individuals in numerous ways. First and foremost, reading enhances cognitive functions. When you read, your brain must interpret the words on the page and turn them into meaningful ideas. This process stimulates the brain, improving its ability to think critically and creatively. Furthermore, reading can reduce stress levels. Many people find that getting lost in a book provides a welcome distraction from daily life’s pressures. It has even been shown that regular readers experience lower levels of stress than non-readers. Lastly, reading promotes empathy and social perception. Through literature, we can experience different lives and perspectives, which helps us better understand and relateto others.Questions:1.According to the passage, what is one of the primary benefits of reading?a) Enhancing physical fitnessb) Improving cognitive functionsc) Increasing financial wealthd) Winning arguments more often2.How does reading contribute to reducing stress, as mentioned in the text?a) By providing a source of incomeb) By offering a distraction from daily pressuresc) By increasing the amount of work one can dod) By promoting a sedentary lifestyle3.What does the passage suggest about the impact of literature on a reader’s social skills?a) Literature has no impact on social skills.b) Reading literature decreases social interaction.c) Literature can promote empathy and social perception.d) Reading only improves individualistic tendencies.Answers:1.b) Improving cognitive functions2.b) By offering a distraction from daily pressures3.c) Literature can promote empathy and social perception.以上就是一个完整的阅读理解题目，包含了一个简短的文章和三个选择题，每个问题都给出了正确的答案。

2019年北京市高级中等学校招生考试英语试卷学校________________姓名________________准考证号________________考生须知1．本试卷共12页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。

2．在试卷和答题卡上认真填写学校名称、姓名和准考证号。

3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其它试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。

5．考试结束，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

听力理解（共30分）一、听对话，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。

每段对话你将听两遍。

（共5分，每小题1分）1.A. B. C.2.A. B. C.3.A. B. C.4.5.二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳选项。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

（共15分，每小题1.5分）请听一段对话，完成第6至第7小题。

6. When will Grandpa arrive?A. AT 8:00 PM.B. At 7:00 PM.C. At 6:00 PM.7. How is Grandpa coming?A. By train.B. By bus.C. By car.请听一段对话，完成第8至第9小题。

8.What is the woman studying?A. English.B. Chinese.C. Maths.9. What is the woman good at?A. Playing the guitar.B. Playing the piano.C. Playing the violin请听一段对话，完成第10至第11小题。

10. Where is the woman going?A. To France.B. To Australia.C. To China.11. Who will the woman visit?A. Her friend.B. Her brother.C. Her teacher.请听一段对话，完成第12至第13小题。

北京市中考英语试题及参考答案(word解析版)中考真题,详细解析,精心整理,word编辑。

2022年北京市中考英语试题及参考答案与解析（满分60分，考试时间90分钟）知识运用（共14分）一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项．1．Mr．Wang is coming to our school．I can't wait tosee ．（）A．her B．him C．it D．them2．We planted some flowers the garden yesterday．（）A．on B．to C．in D．of3．- Excuse me，is this T-shirt？- It's 88 yuan．（）A．how much B．how many C．how long D．how old4．- Lily，you finish the letter in ten minutes？- Yes，I can．（）A．must B．should C．need D．can5．This cap is nice，it doesn't look good on me．（）A．for B．so C．but D．or6．Julie takes good care of the family dog．She is than herbrother．（）A．patient B．more patient C．most patient D．the most patient7．Sam with his friends every weekend．（）A．skates B．is skating C．has skated D．was skating8．- Tom，what's your dad doing？- He my bike．（）A．repairs B．will repair C．has repaired D．is repairing9．Our school life a lot since 2022年．We have more activities now．（）A．changes B．changed C．will change D．has changed 10．If you want to visit the Palace Museum，I tickets for you tomorrow．（）A．will book B．booked C．have booked D．was booking11．My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday．（）A．accepts B．accepted C．was accepted D．is accepted12．- Did you notice in her office？- Yes．She was going over our writing．（）A．what was Miss Lin doing B．what Miss Lin was doingC．what does Miss Lin do D．what Miss Lin does1中考真题,详细解析,精心整理,word编辑。

2013年北京中考考试说明已经发布，它是今年中考考试命题的重要依据，不但能帮助考生明确考试原则和要求，还能够了解试卷中会出现哪些题型;在不同的题型中，要考查哪些知识和能力;通过样题了解试卷的整体布局，了解整个试卷和不同题目基本的难易程度。

因此，它对考生的指导意义重大。

下面我们请来智康1对1中考解决方案研究团队的老师，为大家分析今年的重大变化以及应对变化的建议。

2013年中考语文考试说明解读2013年中考考试说明，秉承了稳中有变的原则，在考试性质、考试方式、考试时间、考试范围、考试内容和要求方面与去年是相同的。

与2012年考试说明相比，有以下不同，应引起我们的高度重视。

一、语文科目对考试内容及分配比例划分的更细致。

2012年考试内容及分配比例包括三大部分，其中基础积累约占30分，理解感悟约占40分，表达交流占50分；2013年进行了更细致的划分，其中语文基础约占12分，语文积累约占8分，综合性学习约占10分，文言文阅读约占10分，现代文阅读约占30分，作文占50分。

二、将2012年的“题型示例”调整为“参考样题”。

部分样题有调整，需要重点强调的是选择题中的第9题，该题是针对病句的考查，题干要求依据语段内容，选择对画线病句的修改最恰当的选项。

该题型体现了以下特点：1.实践性：引导学生学会在具体语境中辨析、修改病句。

2.综合性：句式、句意、语序等和句子有关的因素都会涉及。

3.学生即使没有完整的语法体系，也可以凭借好的语感来辨析、判断病句。

需要考生重点注意该类型的病句试题。

三、附录内容进行了部分调整。

附录二“文言文阅读篇目”新增一篇《祖逖》，阅读篇目总数由原来24篇增至25篇。

附录五“词语表”增删调换，词语总量不变，四字成语调换10个，俗语调换5个，选取原则为生活中常用并具有一定的文化内涵。

增加的四字词语不谋而合重蹈覆辙耳濡目染既往不咎坚不可摧略胜一筹目不暇接舍本求木殊途同归一脉相承增加的俗语海阔凭鱼跃天高任鸟飞路遥知马力日久见人心千里之堤溃于蚁穴青出于蓝而胜于蓝种瓜得瓜种豆得豆总之，2013年的中考试说明立足点高，充分体现了能力测试的要求。